NATURAL BOTANICAL EXTRACTS

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5 NATURAL BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Carrubba produces over 500 different botanical extracts specifically formulated for use in cosmetics, toiletries, skin care, bath, and hair care products. Our more than twenty five years of manufacturing botanical extracts makes us one of the most experienced and knowledgeable U.S. suppliers. This superior level of expertise comes with every sample and production shipment. Custom Formulation: Technical Service: Our water based extracts are most commonly used in aqueous solutions. However, we also produce oil soluble extracts. We specialize in creating unique botanical extract blends to provide a single ingredient to assist in the successful marketing of your product. Our experienced and creative technical staff works with you to select an extract or develop an extract blend best for your product. Whether you need botanicals for a shampoo or a skin moisturizer, we would be happy to suggest the most appropriate botanicals. Aromatic Extracts: Our unique line of natural aromatic extracts are useful for imparting a pleasant natural aroma to finished products. They may replace synthetic fragrances in many instances. Aromatic extracts can be combined into blends to become more complex and distinctive. Organic Extracts: The USDA NOP certified organic process based management system defines standards, practices and materials for manufacturing botanical extracts. Certified organic botanical extracts support sustainable agricultural practices that exclude pesticides, genetically modified plants, and synthetic substances (unless specifically reviewed and allowed by the National List Provisions). Fair Trade Extracts: Carrubba is the first extract manufacturer to offer Fair Trade Extracts and is a Fair Trade USA licensee.

6 BOTANICAL EXTRACT FORMULATION OPTIONS Carrubba is a custom manufacturer dedicated to meeting its customers unique needs. We offer a wide range of solvent and preservative systems to meet various requirements. Some options are as follows: Water Soluble Systems Water/Glycerine Water/Propylene Glycol Water/Butylene Glycol Oil Soluble Systems Sweet Almond Oil Coconut Oil Iso Propyl Myristate Mineral Oil Safflower Oil Soybean Oil Sunflower Oil Carrubba s botanical extracts are specifically formulated to be relatively light in color and odor, thus making them appropriate for use in cosmetic formulations without interfering with the product s color or fragrance, although, aromatic extracts are available for use as natural odor masks.

7 INCI NAMES & PRODUCT LABELING The correct INCI name for a botanical extract needs to include the solvent. For example, the INCI names of the ingredients that make up Chamomile Extract in a water soluble system can be as follows: example Trade Name: Chamomile Extract Water (and) Glycerin (and) Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract Incidental, and thus not required to be on the product s label, the preservative system is also disclosed to the customer.

8 BOTANICALS FOR COSMETICS & PERSONAL CARE Here are but a few examples of the hundreds of extracts available. Please contact us for more information on your specific interest. Skin Care Botanicals Dry Skin: Acacia, Aloe, Borage, Calendula, Chamomile, Irish Moss, Peach, Yarrow Oily Skin: Buchu, Cornflower, Heather, Nettle, Papaya, Sage, White Pond Lily Normal Skin: Avocado, Carrot, Evening Primrose, Ginkgo, Lavender, Strawberry Anti-Wrinkle: Agrimony, Apricot, Comfrey, Fennel, Honeysuckle, Lady s Mantle Anti-Itch: Angelica, Burdock, Celandine, Dandelion, Hibiscus, Oats, Walnut Anti-Acne: Arnica, Blackberry, Eucalyptus, Iris, Juniper, Lemon Balm, Licorice Bathing: Cinquefoil, Elder, Geranium, Mallow, ain, Tansy, White Willow Bark Refine Pores: Almond, Bergamot Mint, Honey, Lavender, Strawberry, Tomato Soothing: Aloe, Buckthorn, Calendula, Cranberry, Jasmine, Lavender, Oat, Yucca Healing: Coltsfoot, Comfrey, Dulse, Goldenseal, ain, Sage, St. John s Wort Sun Care: Aloe, Avocado, Carrot, Flax Seed, Green Tea, Jojoba, Mallow Hair Care Botanicals Cleansing: Cactus, Calendula, Clary Sage, Hawaiian White Ginger, Kiwi, Yucca Hair Growth: Arnica, Dragon Tree, Henna, Horsetail, Juniper, Sage, White Willow Conditioning: Basil, Chamomile, Chia, Elder, Fenugreek, Geranium, Rosemary Blonde Hair: Broom Flowers, Calendula, Chamomile, Grapefruit, Kelp, Southernwood Dark Sheen: Black Tea, Chaparral, Henna, Jaborandi, Nettle, Sage,Thyme, Walnut Red Hair: Beet Root, Calendula, Chamomile, Hibiscus, Madder Root, Red Henna Dandruff: Arnica, Burdock, Cleavers, Lemon Grass, Nettle, Orange Peel, Quassia Split Ends: Basil, Comfrey, Echinacea, Fenugreek, Horsetail, Olive, Quince Seed Dry Hair: Clover Blossom, Dandelion, Hops, Irish Moss, Melilot, Rosemary, Sage The skin and hair care attributes listed above are largely based on folklore and tradition.

9 AROMATIC BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Aromatic Extracts are useful for imparting a pleasing natural aroma to finished products or for masking cosmetic base odors without the use of fragrance. All extract components are physically extracted from a single genus and species plant. So, a natural lavender extract will contain only volatiles physically extracted from lavender. Benefits: Natural Aroma Fragrance free Botanical skin and hair benefits Allows for botanical product positioning Extract INCI name for label Aromatherapy benefits Individual Aromatic Botanical Extracts can be blended to become more complex and distinctive.

10 CERTIFIED ORGANIC BOTANICAL EXTRACTS (USDA National Organic Program) A processed based management system Protects integrity of organic commodities and products Defined standards, practices, and materials Covers entire production process from field to store shelf Third party verification Annual inspection Provides consumer confidence Certified organic botanicals support sustainable agricultural practices and are free from prohibited practices: GMO Ionizing radiation Sewage sludge Synthetic fertilizers & pesticides Synthetic substances Unless specifically reviewed and allowed under the National List Provision Certified Organic Solvent Systems: Water Soluble Water and Certified Organic Alcohol Oil Soluble Certified Organic Vegetable Oil

11 WILDCRAFTED BOTANICALS Sustainability To give equal weight in your decisions to the future as well as the present. The global sustainability movement is growing rapidly. In the U.S. the movement is gaining strength, especially at the community level, focused on Environmental Justice. Likewise, corporations are beginning to understand they have a long-term responsibility for product stewardship. Elements of the sustainability movement are: The Green Movement Organic Agriculture Fair Trade Agriculture Wildcrafting Wildcrafted Botanicals Support Sustainability s are gathered from their natural, wild habitats, often from pristine areas. Care is taken to only remove a few plants, flowers, or branches, so plenty remains to continue the supply. Harvesters must designate the area they are harvesting, and provide a three-year history of the area that shows no prohibited substances have been applied there. A harvesting plan must demonstrate the harvest will sustain the wild crop. Botanical Extracts Made from Wildcrafted Botanicals Available in the following solvent systems from sustainable, organic agriculture: Certified Organic Sunflower Oil Water and Certified Organic Alcohol Other solvent systems available upon request

12 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS 2-Mar-10 ACACIA EXTRACT Acacia Senegal Flower/ Stem Extract (I) ACACIA DECURRENS EXTRACT Acacia Decurrens Extract (I) ACAI Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Extract * None ACEROLA EXTRACT Malpighia Glabra (Acerola) Fruit Extract None None AGAVE EXTRACT Agave Americana Leaf Extract (I) AGRIMONY EXTRACT Agrimonia Eupatoria Leaf Extract (I) ALEPPO PEPPER EXTRACT Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract (I) ALFALFA EXTRACT Medicago Sativa (Alfalfa) Extract (I) ALGAE EXTRACT Algae Extract (I) ALLSPICE EXTRACT Pimenta Officinalis (Pimento) Fruit Extract (I) ALMOND (SWEET) EXTRACT Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Fruit Extract (I) ALOE EXTRACT Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract / (I) / (I) ALOE VERA GEL Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice / (I) / (I) ALTHAEA EXTRACT Althaea Officinalis Root Extract None None AMALAKI EXTRACT Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Extract (I) AMBER EXTRACT Styrax Benzoin Resin Extract / (I) AMERICAN GINSENG EXTRACT Panax Quinquefolium Root Extract (I) AMLA EXTRACT Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Extract (I) ANGELICA EXTRACT Angelica Archangelica Root Extract (I) ANISE EXTRACT Pimpinella Anisum (Anise) Fruit Extract (I) ANISE SEED EXTRACT Pimpinella Anisum (Anise) Seed Extract None None ANNATTO EXTRACT Bixa Orellana Seed Extract None AONORI EXTRACT Monostroma Nitidum Thallus Extract None None APPLE EXTRACT Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Extract (I) APPLE PECTIN EXTRACT Pyrus Malus (Apple) Pectin Extract None None APRICOT EXTRACT Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Fruit Extract (I) APRICOT LEAVES EXTRACT Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Leaf Extract (I) ARNICA EXTRACT Arnica Montana Flower Extract (I) ARTICHOKE EXTRACT Cynara Scolymus (Artichoke) Leaf Extract (I) ASCOPHYLLUM NODOSUM EXTRACT Ascophyllum Nodosum Extract (Atlantic kelp) * (I) ASHWAGANDHA EXTRACT Withania Somnifera Root Extract * None ASIAN PEAR EXTRACT Pyrus Pyrifolia Fruit Extract None None ASPARAGUS EXTRACT Asparagus Officinalis Root Extract (I) ASTRAGALUS EXTRACT Astragalus Membranaceus Root Extract (I) AVOCADO EXTRACT Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Fruit Extract None None AWAPUHI EXTRACT Hedychium Coronarium Root Extract None None BALM MINT EXTRACT Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract (I) BALSAM CANADA EXTRACT Abies Balsamea (Balsam Canada) Extract (I) BAMBOO EXTRACT Bambusa Vulgaris Leaf/Stem Extract (I) BANANA EXTRACT Musa Sapientum (Banana) Fruit Extract (I) Page 1

13 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS BARBERRY EXTRACT Berberis Vulgaris Leaf / Stem Extract / (I) (I) BARLEY EXTRACT Hordeum Vulgare Extract (I) BASIL EXTRACT Ocimum Basilicum (Basil) Flower / Leaf Extract (I) BAY LAUREL EXTRACT Laurus Nobilis Leaf Extract (I) BAYBERRY EXTRACT Myrica Cerifera (Bayberry) Bark Extract (I) BEACH STRAWBERRY EXTRACT (wild) Fragaria Chiloensis Strawberry Fruit Extract None None BEARBERRY EXTRACT Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi Leaf Extract (I) BEECH WOOD EXTRACT Fagus Sylvatica Bud Extract (I) BEE POLLEN EXTRACT Pollen Extract None None BEET ROOT EXTRACT Beta Vulgaris (Beet) Root Extract (I)/ (I) BERGAMOT EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Extract (I) BERGAMOT LEAF EXTRACT Mentha Citrata Leaf Extract None None BIBITAKI FRUIT EXTRACT Terminalia Bellerica Fruit Extract None None BILBERRY EXTRACT Vaccinium Myrtillus Fruit / Leaf Extract (I) BITTER CHERRY EXTRACT Prunus Cerasus Extract (I) BITTER ORANGE FLOWER EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Amara (Bitter Orange) Flower Extract (I) BLACKBERRY LEAF EXTRACT Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry) Leaf Extract (I) BLACKBERRY EXTRACT Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry) Fruit Extract (I) BLACK COHOSH EXTRACT Cimicifuga Racemosa Root Extract BLACK CURRANT FRUIT EXTRACT Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Fruit Extract * None BLACK CURRANT LEAF EXT. Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Leaf Extract None None BLACK HENNA EXTRACT Lawsonia Inermis (Henna) Leaf Extract None None BLACK INDIAN HEMP EXTRACT Apocynum Cannabinum Root Extract (I) BLACK MALVA EXTRACT Malva Rotundafolia Flower Extract None None BLACK MULBERRY EXTRACT Morus Nigra Leaf Extract (I) BLACK PEPPER EXTRACT Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Seed Extract None None BLACK RASPBERRY EXTRACT Rubus Occidentalis Fruit Extract * BLACK SESAME SEED EXTRACT Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Extract None None BLACK TEA EXTRACT Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract (I) BLACK WALNUT EXTRACT Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut) Leaf Extract * BLACK WALNUT BARK EXTRACT Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut) Bark Extract None None BLACK WALNUT SHELL EXTRACT Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut) Shell Extract None None BLADDERWRACK EXTRACT Fucus Vesiculosus Extract (I) BLESSED THISTLE EXTRACT Carbenia Benedicta Extract (I) BLOOD ROOT EXTRACT Sanguinaria Canadensis Rhizome / Root Extract (I) BLUEBERRY LEAF EXTRACT Vaccinium Angustifolium (Blueberry) Leaf Extract None None BLUEBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Vaccinium Angustifolium (Blueberry) Fruit Extract * None BLUE FLAG EXTRACT Iris Versicolor Extract (I) BLUE MALVA EXTRACT Malva Sylvestris (Mallow) Extract BLUE POPPY SEED EXTRACT Papaver Somniferum Seed Extract None None BORAGE EXTRACT Borago Officinalis Extract (I) BRAMBLE EXTRACT Rubus Fruticosus (Blackberry) Leaf Extract (I) BRAZIL NUT EXTRACT Bertholletia Excelsa Seed Extract * None BROCCOLI EXTRACT Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) Extract None None Page 2

14 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS BROOM FLOWER EXTRACT Cytisus Scoparius Flower Extract BUCHU EXTRACT Barosma Betulina Leaf Extract None None BUCKTHORN EXTRACT Frangula Alnus Bark Extract / / (I) " BURDOCK ROOT EXTRACT Arctium Lappa Root Extract (I) BUR-MARIGOLD EXTRACT Bidens Tripartita Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract * None BUTCHER'S BROOM EXTRACT Ruscus Aculeatus Root Extract (I) BUTTER EXTRACT Butter Extract None None CABBAGE ROSE EXTRACT Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract (I) CACTUS FLOWER EXTRACT Cereus Grandiflorus (Cactus) Flower Extract * (I) CALENDULA EXTRACT Calendula Officinalis Flower Extract (I) CALIFORNIA POPPY EXTRACT Eschscholtzia Californica Extract (I) CAMELLIA JAPONICA FLOWER EXT. Camellia Japonica Flower Extract * None CAMELLIA JAPONICA LEAF EXT. Camellia Japonica Leaf Extract * None CAMELLIA JAPONICA SEED EXT. Camellia Japonica Seed Extract * None CAMELLIA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACT Camellia Oleifera Leaf Extract None None CAMU CAMU EXTRACT Myrciaria Dubia Fruit Extract None None CANTALOUPE EXTRACT Cucumis Melo Cantalupensis Fruit Extract None None CAPSICUM EXTRACT Capsicum Frutescens Fruit Extract None None CARDAMOM EXTRACT Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Extract / (I) / (I) CARROT EXTRACT Daucus Carota Sativa (Carrot) Root Extract (I) CASCARA EXTRACT Rhamnus Purshiana Bark Extract (I) CASHMERE EXTRACT Keratin * / (I) CATUABA BARK EXTRACT Erythroxylum Catuaba Bark Extract * None CATNIP EXTRACT Nepeta Cataria Extract (I) CATS CLAW EXTRACT Uncaria Tomentosa Extract * None CAVIAR EXTRACT Caviar Extract None None CAVIAR EXTRACT (Golden Whitefish) Coregonus Clupeaformis Extract None None CEDARWOOD EXTRACT Juniperus Virginiana Wood Extract None None CELANDINE EXTRACT Chelidonium Majus Extract (I) CELERY EXTRACT Apium Graveolens (Celery) Root/ Seed Extract (I) CENTAURY EXTRACT Centaurium Erythraea Extract (I) CHAMOMILE EXTRACT Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract (I) CHAMOMILE, ROMAN EXTRACT Anthemis Nobilis Flower Extract (I) CHASTE TREE BERRY EXTRACT Vitex Agnus Castus Extract None None CHERRY BARK EXTRACT Prunus Serotina (Wild Cherry) Bark Extract / (I) CHERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Prunus Serotina (Wild Cherry) Fruit Extract (I) CHESTNUT EXTRACT Castanea Sativa (Chestnut) Leaf Extract (I) CHIA EXTRACT Salvia Hispanica Seed Extract None None CHICKWEED EXTRACT Stellaria Media (Chickweed) Extract (I) CHICORY ROOT EXTRACT Cichorium Intybus (Chicory) Root Extract None CHINA BARK EXTRACT Cinchona Succirubra Bark Extract (I) CHINESE LICORICE EXTRACT Glycyrrhiza Uralensis (Licorice) Root Extract None None Page 3

15 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS CHINESE MAGNOLIA EXTRACT Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract None None CHINESE SILVER EAR MUSHROOM Tremella Fuciformis (Mushroom) Extract None None CHRYSANTHEMUM EXTRACT Chrysanthemum Sinense Flower Extract None None CHLORELLA EXTRACT Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Extract None None CILANTRO EXTRACT Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Fruit/Leaf Extract (I) CINCHONA BARK EXT. Cinchona Succirubra Bark Extract (I) CINNAMON EXTRACT Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark Extract (I) CINNAMON CASSIA EXTRACT Cinnamomum Cassia Bark Extract (I) CLARY SAGE EXTRACT Salvia Sclarea (Clary) Extract (I) CLEAVERS EXTRACT Galium Aparine Extract (I) CLOVE EXTRACT Eugenia Caryophyllus (Clove) Flower Extract (I) CLOVER BLOSSOM EXTRACT Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract (I) COCOA EXTRACT Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Extract (I) COCONUT EXTRACT Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Extract ** / None COFFEE EXTRACT Coffea Arabica (Coffee) Leaf/Seed Extract (I) COFFEE BEAN EXTRACT Coffea Arabica (Coffee) Seed Extract (I) COLTSFOOT EXTRACT Tussilago Farfara (Coltsfoot) Leaf Extract (I) COMFREY LEAF EXTRACT Symphytum Officinale Leaf Extract (I) COMFREY ROOT EXTRACT Symphytum Officinale Rhizome/Root Extract (I) CONEFLOWER EXTRACT Echinacea Angustifolia Extract (I) CORN SILK EXTRACT Zea Mays (Corn) Silk Extract None None CORNFLOWER EXTRACT Centaurea Cyanus Flower Extract (I) CORIANDER EXTRACT (cilantro) Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Seed Extract None None COTTON SEED EXTRACT Gossypium Herbaceum (Cotton) Seed Extract None None COWSLIP EXTRACT Primula Veris Extract (I) CRAMP BARK EXTRACT None None None CRANBERRY EXTRACT Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract * (I) CRANES BILL EXTRACT Geranium Maculatum Extract (I) CREPE MYRTLE EXTRACT Lagerstroemia Indica Flower Extract None None CUCUMBER EXTRACT Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract (I) CUCUMBER SEED EXTRACT Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Seed Extract None None CYPRESS EXTRACT Cupressus Sempervirens Seed Extract (I) DAISY EXTRACT Bellis Perennis (Daisy) Flower Extract (I) DAMIANA EXTRACT Turnera Diffusa Leaf Extract None None DANDELION EXTRACT Taraxacum Officinale (Dandelion) Rhizome/Root Extract None DANDELION LEAF EXTRACT Taraxacum Officinale (Dandelion) Leaf Extract None None DATE EXTRACT Phoenix Dactylifera (Date) Fruit Extract (I) DESERT SUNFLOWER EXTRACT Geraea Canescens Flower Extract None None DEVIL'S CLAW EXTRACT Harpagophytum Procumbens Root Extract (i) DONG QUAI EXTRACT Angelica Polymorpha Sinensis Root Extract / None DULSE EXTRACT Palmaria Palmata Extract None None ECHINACEA EXTRACT Echinacea Angustifolia Leaf Extract (I) Page 4

16 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS ECHINACEA EXTRACT Echinacea Purpurea Extract (I) ECLIPTA EXTRACT Eclipta Prostrata Extract None None EDELWEISS EXTRACT Leontopodium Alpinum Flower / Leaf Extract None EDELWEISS EXTRACT Gnaphalium Leontopodium Flower Extract None None ELDER FLOWER EXTRACT Sambucus Nigra Flower Extract (I) ELDERBERRY EXTRACT Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract None None ELEUTHERO ROOT EXTRACT Acanthopanax Senticosus (Eleuthero) Root Extract (I) ELECAMPANE EXTRACT Inula Helenium Extract (I) ENGLISH WALNUT Juglans Regia (Walnut) Seed Extract * None EPHEDRA EXTRACT Ephedra Sinica Extract (I) EPIMEDIUM EXTRACT Epimedium Grandiflorum Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract None None EUCALYPTUS EXTRACT Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract (I) EYE BRIGHT EXTRACT Euphrasia Officinalis Extract (I) EVENING PRIMROSE EXTRACT Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Root Extract (I) EVENING PRIMROSE FLOWER EXT. Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Flower Extract None None EVERGREEN BLACKBERRY SEED EXT Rubus Laciniatus (Evergreen Blackberry) Seed None None EVERNIA EXTRACT Evernia Prunastri (Oakmoss) Extract (I) FENNEL EXTRACT Foeniculum Vulgare (Fennel) Fruit Extract / (I) FENUGREEK EXTRACT Trigonella Foenum Graecum Seed Extract * None FEVERFEW EXTRACT Chrysanthemum Parthenium (Feverfew) Extract (I) FIG EXTRACT Ficus Carica (Fig) Fruit/Leaf Extract (I) FIR BALSAM Abies Balsamea (Balsam Canada) Extract (I) FLAX SEED EXTRACT Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Extract None None FO -TI EXTRACT Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract None None FRANKINCENSE EXTRACT Boswellia Carterii Resin Extract (I) FREESIA EXTRACT Freesia Refracta Extract None None GALBANUM EXTRACT Ferula Galbaniflua (Galbanum) Gum Extract None GARDENIA EXTRACT Gardenia Florida Fruit Extract (I) GARLIC EXTRACT Allium Sativum (Garlic) Bulb Extract (I) GENTIAN ROOT EXTRACT Gentiana Lutea Root Extract / (I) GERANIUM EXTRACT Geranium Maculatum Extract (I) GINGER EXTRACT Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Extract (I) GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract (I) GINSENG EXTRACT Panax Ginseng Root Extract (I) GOJI BERRY EXTRACT Lycium Chinense Fruit Extract * None GOJI BERRY EXTRACT Lycium Barbarum Fruit Extract (I) GOLDENROD EXTRACT Solidago Virgaurea (Goldenrod) Extract None GOLDENSEAL EXTRACT Hydrastis Canadensis (Goldenseal) Root Extract (I) GOLDEN WHITE FISH EXT (Caviar) Coregonus Clupeaformis Extract None None GOOSEBERRY EXTRACT Ribes Grossularia Fruit Extract None None GOTU KOLA EXTRACT Centella Asiatica Extract / (I) GRAPE LEAF EXTRACT Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Leaf Extract (I) Page 5

17 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS GRAPE EXTRACT Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Fruit Extract (I) GRAPEFRUIT PEEL EXTRACT Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Peel Extract (I) GRAPEFRUIT FRUIT EXTRACT Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract (I) GRAPEFRUIT SEED EXTRACT Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Seed Extract (I) GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Extract (I) GREEN PEA EXTRACT Pisum Sativum (Pea) Extract (I) GREEN TEA EXTRACT Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract (I) GROUND IVY EXTRACT Glechoma Hederacea Extract (I) GUARANA EXTRACT Paullinia Cupana Seed Extract (I) GUAVA EXTRACT Psidium Guajava Fruit Extract (I) HARITAKI Terminalia Chebula Fruit Extract None None HAWAIIAN MARINE SILK EXTRACT Spirulina Maxima Extract * None HAWAIIAN WHITE GINGER EXTRACT Hedychium Coronarium Root Extract None None HAWAIIAN YELLOW GINGER EXTRACT Hedychium Flavescens Root extract None None HAWTHORN EXTRACT Crataegus Oxyacantha Extract (I) HAWTHORN BERRY EXTRACT Crataegus Monogyna Fruit Extract None HAZEL LEAF EXTRACT Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Leaf Extract (I) HAZELNUT EXTRACT Corylus Avellana (Hazel) Seed Extract (I) HEATHER EXTRACT Calluna Vulgaris Flower Extract (I) HEMP SEED EXTRACT Cannabis Sativa Seed Extract None None HENNA (NEUTRAL) EXTRACT Lawsonia Inermis (Henna) Flower/Fruit/Leaf Extract (I) HIBISCUS EXTRACT Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Extract * None HIBISCUS ABELMOSCHUS EXTRACT Hibiscus Abelmoschus Extract (I) HIMANTHALIA EXTRACT Himanthalia Elongata Extract None None HOLLYHOCK / ROSE MALLOW Althaea Rosea Flower Extract None None HONEY EXTRACT Honey Extract (I) HONEYDEW EXTRACT Cucumis Melo (Melon) Fruit Extract None HONEYSUCKLE EXTRACT Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract None None HOPS EXTRACT Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract / (I) HOREHOUND EXTRACT Marrubium Vulgare Extract (I) HORSE CHESTNUT EXTRACT Aesculus Hippocastanum (Horse Chestnut) Seed Extract (I) HORSERADISH EXTRACT Cochlearia Armoracia (Horseradish) Root Extract (I) HORSE TAIL EXTRACT Equisetum Arvense Leaf Extract (I) HYACINTH EXTRACT Hyacinthus Orientalis (Hyacinth) Flower Extract (I) HYPERICUM EXTRACT Hypericum Perforatum Flower/Leaf/StemExtract (I) HYSSOP EXTRACT Hyssopus Officinalis Extract (I) ICELAND MOSS EXTRACT Cetraria Islandica Extract (I) INDIAN BARBERRY EXTRACT Berberis Aristata Root Extract None None INDIAN BASIL Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract * None INULA RACEMOSA ROOT EXTRACT Inula Racemosa Root Extract None None IRIS EXTRACT Iris Florentina Root Extract (I) IRISH MOSS EXTRACT Chondrus Crispus (Carrageenan) Extract None None Page 6

18 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS IVY EXTRACT Hedera Helix (Ivy) Leaf/ Stem Extract (I) IVY EXTRACT (GROUND) Glechoma Hederacea Extract (I) JABORANDI EXTRACT Pilocarpus Pennatifolius Leaf Extract (I) JAPANESE GREEN TEA EXTRACT Camellia Oleifera Leaf Extract None None JASMINE EXTRACT Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine) Flower/Leaf Extract (I) JATOBA BARK EXTRACT Hymenaea Coabaril Bark Extract * None JEWELWEED EXTRACT Impatiens Balsamina Leaf Extract None None JOB'S TEARS EXTRACT Coix Lacryma - Jobi (Ma-yuen) Seed Extract None None JOJOBA EXTRACT Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Extract (I) JUJUBE EXTRACT Zizyphus Jujuba Fruit Extract None JUNIPER BERRY EXTRACT Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract (I) KALE EXTRACT (genus & species Brassica Oleracea Acephala Extract None None KAVA EXTRACT Piper Methysticum Leaf / Root/Stem Extract KELP EXTRACT Macrocystis Pyrifera Extract None None KIWI EXTRACT Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract KIWI BERRY EXTRACT Actinidia Arguta Fruit Extract None None KOLA NUT EXTRACT Cola Nitida Seed Extract KUDZU ROOT EXTRACT Pueraria Lobata Root Extract None None KUKUI SEED EXTRACT Aleurites Moluccana Seed Extract None None LADY 'S THISTLE EXTRACT Silybum Marianum Extract LADY'S MANTLE EXTRACT Alchemilla Vulgaris Extract LAMINARIA EXTRACT Laminaria Digitata Extract / LANOLIN CASHMERE EXTRACT Lanolin LARCH EXTRACT Larix Europaea Wood Extract * None LAVENDER EXTRACT Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Leaf Stem Extract / (I) / (I) LEMON BALM EXTRACT Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract (I) LEMON FRUIT EXTRACT Citrus Limon (Lemon) Fruit Extract / (I) / (I) LEMONGRASS EXTRACT Cymbopogon Schoenanthus Extract (I) LEMON PEEL EXTRACT Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Extract (I) LEMON THYME EXTRACT Thymus Citriodorus Flower/ Leaf Extract None None LEMON VERBENA EXTRACT Lippia Citriodora Flower Extract (I) LETTUCE EXTRACT Lactuca Scariola Sativa (Lettuce Leaf) Extract (I) LICHEN EXTRACT Usnea Barbata (Lichen) Extract (I) LIFE EVERLASTING EXTRACT Helichrysum Italicum Extract None None LILAC EXTRACT Syringa Vulgaris (Lilac) Extract (I) LILY OF THE VALLEY EXTRACT Convallaria Majalis Bulb/ Root Extract (I) LIME FRUIT EXTRACT Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Fruit Extract (I) LIME PEEL EXTRACT Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Peel Extract (I) LINDEN FLOWER EXTRACT Tilia Cordata Flower Extract (I) LICORICE EXTRACT Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract (I) LITCHI 'CHINENSIS FRUIT EXTRACT Litchi Chinensis Fruit Extract None None Page 7

19 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS LOBELIA EXTRACT Lobelia Inflata Extract None None LOQUAT EXTRACT Eriobotrya Japonica Fruit / Leaf Extract (I) LOTUS FLOWER EXTRACT Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Extract (I) LOVAGE EXTRACT Levisticum Officinale Root Extract None None LUO HAN KUO EXTRACT Momordica Grosvenori Fruit Extract None None LYCIUM EXTRACT (Goji Berry) Lycium Chinensis Fruit Extract * None MACA EXTRACT Lepidium Meyenii Root Extract None None MACADAMIA NUT EXTRACT Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Extract None None MADDER ROOT EXTRACT Rubia Tinctorum Root Extract None None MAGNOLIA EXTRACT Magnolia Biondii Bud / Flower Extract None None MAGNOLIA FLOWER EXTRACT Magnolia Liliflora Flower Extract None None MAIDENHAIR FERN EXTRACT Adiantum Capillus Veneris Leaf Extract (I) MALLOW EXTRACT Malva Syvestris (Mallow) Flower/ Leaf/ Stem Extract (I) MANDARIN EXTRACT Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange) Peel Extract None MANGO EXTRACT Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract (I) MANGOSTEEN EXTRACT Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract (I) MARIGOLD EXTRACT Calendula Officinalis Flower Extract (I) MARJORAM EXTRACT Origanum Majorana Leaf Extract (I) MARSHMALLOW EXTRACT Althaea Officinalis Root Extract * MATE EXTRACT ilex Paraguariensis Leaf Extract / (I) MEADOW SWEET EXTRACT Spiraea Ulmaria Flower Extract (I) MELILOT EXTRACT Melilotus Officinalis Extract (I) MELON EXTRACT Cucumis Melo (Melon) Fruit Extract None MILK EXTRACT Milk None MILK PROTEIN EXTRACT Casein Extract None None MILK THISTLE EXTRACT Silybum Marianum Extract (I) MILLET SEED EXTRACT Panicum Miliaceum (Millet Seed) Extract (I) MIMOSA EXTRACT Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract (I) MISTLETOE EXTRACT Viscum Album (Mistletoe) Leaf Extract None None MOJAVE YUCCA EXTRACT Yucca Schidigera Root /Leaf/Stem Extract (gen.) (I) MOMORDICA CHARANTIA EXTRACT Momordica Charantia Extract * None MORINGA SEED EXTRACT Moringa Pterygosperma Seed Extract None None MOTHERWORT EXTRACT Leanurus Cardiaca Extract None None MUGWORT EXTRACT Artemisia Vulgaris Extract (I) MUIRA PUAMA EXTRACT Ptychopetalum Olacoides Bark / Root Extract None None MULBERRY EXTRACT Morus Nigra Fruit Extract None None MULBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Morus Alba Fruit Extract None None MULBERRY LEAF EXTRACT Morus Alba Leaf Extract (I) MYRTLE EXTRACT Myrtus Communis Extract (I) MULLEIN FLOWERS EXTRACT Verbascum Thapsus Extract / (I) MULLEIN LEAVES EXTRACT Verbascum Thapsus Extract / (I) MUSHROOM EXTRACT Lentinus Edodes Extract * None MUSHROOM EXTRACT Ganoderma Lucidum Extract * None Page 8

20 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS MUSKMELON EXTRACT Cucumis Melo ( Melon) Fruit Extract None MYRRH EXTRACT Commiphora Myrrha Resin Extract None None NARCISSUS EXTRACT Narcissus Jonquilla Extract (I) NECTARINE EXTRACT Prunus Persica Nectarina Fruit Extract None None NEEM EXTRACT Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract (I) NEEM SEED EXTRACT Melia Azadirachta Seed Extract * / (I) NETTLE EXTRACT Urtica Dioica (Nettle) Extract (I) NILE BLUE LOTUS EXTRACT Nymphaea Coerulea (Blue Lotus) Flower Extract None None NONI EXTRACT Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract (I) NORI EXTRACT Porphyra Umbilicalis Extract None None NUTMEG EXTRACT Myristica Fragrans (Nutmeg) Extract (I) OAKMOSS EXTRACT Evernia Prunastri (Oakmoss) Extract (I) OAT EXTRACT Avena Sativa (Oat) Kernel Extract (I) OATMEAL EXTRACT Avena Sativa (Oat) Meal Extract None None OAT PROTEIN EXTRACT Avena Sativa (Oat) Protein Extract None None OATSTRAW EXTRACT Avena Sativa (Oat) Straw Extract (I) OLIVE FRUIT EXTRACT Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Extract None OLIVE LEAF EXTRACT Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract None ONION EXTRACT Allium Cepa (Onion) Bulb Extract (I) OOLONG TEA EXTRACT Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract (I) ORANGE FLOWER EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Flower Extract None None ORANGE PEEL EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Extract None None ORANGE FRUIT EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Fruit Extract None ORCHID EXTRACT Orchis Mascula Flower Extract (I) ORCHID EXTRACT Orchid Extract * None OREGON GRAPE ROOT EXTRACT Mahonia Aquifolium Root Extract (I) ORRIS ROOT EXTRACT Iris Florentina Root Extract (I) OYSTER SHELL EXTRACT Oyster Shell Extract None None PAEONIA ALBIFLORA FLOWER EXT. Paeonia Albiflora Flower Ext. * None PAEONIA LACTIFLORA ROOT EXT. Paeonia Lactiflora Root Extract * None PACIFIC SEA PALM EXTRACT Postelsia Palmaeformis Thallus Extract * None PANSY EXTRACT Viola Tricolor Extract (I) PAPAYA EXTRACT Carica Papaya (Papaya) Extract / or Fruit Extract (I) PAPER MULBERRY BARK EXTRACT Broussonetia Papyrifera Bark Extract None None PARSLEY EXTRACT Carum Petroselinum (Parsley) Extract None None PASSION FLOWER EXTRACT Passiflora Edulis ( Flower) Extract None None PASSION FLOWER EXTRACT Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract None PASSION FRUIT EXTRACT Passiflora Incarnata Fruit Extract * None PATCHOULI EXTRACT Pogostemon Cablin Leaf Extract None None PAU D' ARCO EXTRACT Tabebuia Impetiginosa Bark Extract None None PEACH LEAF EXTRACT Prunus Persica (Peach) Leaf Extract (I) Page 9

21 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS PEACH FRUIT EXTRACT Prunus Persica (Peach) Fruit Extract (I) PEAR EXTRACT Pyrus Communis (Pear) Fruit Extract (I) PEARL EXTRACT Pearl Extract None None PEARL POWDER Pearl Powder Extract None None PECAN NUT EXTRACT Carya Illinoensis (Pecan) Shell Extract None None PELLITORY EXTRACT Parietaria Officinalis Extract (I) PENNY ROYAL EXTRACT Mentha Pulegium Extract (I) PEONY EXTRACT Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract (I) PEPPERMINT EXTRACT Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract (I) PERIWINKLE EXTRACT Vinca Minor Extract (I) PERSIMMON EXTRACT Diospyros Kaki Fruit Extract (I) PHELLODENDRON BARK EXTRACT Phellodendron Amurense Bark Extract None PINE EXTRACT Pinus Strobus Bark Extract (I) PINE, MARITIME (sea pine) EXT. Pinus Pinaster Bark Extract None None PINE NEEDLE EXTRACT Pinus Sylvestris Leaf Extract (I) PINEAPPLE EXTRACT Ananas Sativus (Pineapple) Fruit Extract None None PLANKTON EXTRACT Plankton Extract (I) PLANTAIN ago Major Leaf Extract (I) PLUM EXTRACT Prunus Domestica Fruit Extract (I) PLUMERIA EXTRACT Plumeria Acutifolia Flower Extract None None POKE ROOT EXTRACT Phytolacca Decandra Root Extract None None POMEGRANATE EXTRACT Punica Granatum Extract * (I) POMMELO EXTRACT Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract (I) POPPY SEED (BLUE) EXTRACT Papaver Somniferum Seed Extract None None POTATO EXTRACT Solanum Tuberosum (Potato) Pulp Extract (I) PRICKLY ASH BARK EXTRACT Zanthoxylum Americanum Bark Extract (I) PRIMROSE EXTRACT Primula Veris Extract (I) PROPOLIS EXTRACT Propolis Extract (I) PUMPKIN EXTRACT Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin) Fruit Extract (I) PUMPKIN SEED EXTRACT Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin) Seed Extract None None QUASSIA EXTRACT Quassia Amara Wood Extract (I) QUILLAIA EXTRACT Quillaia Saponaria Bark Extract (I) QUINCE EXTRACT Pyrus Cydonia Seed Extract (I) QUINCE EXTRACT Pyrus Cydonia Fruit Extract (I) QUINOA EXTRACT Chenopodium Quinoa Seed Extract None None RASPBERRY LEAF EXTRACT Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Leaf Extract (I) RASPBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Fruit Extract (I) RED CURRANT EXTRACT Ribes Rubrum (Currant) Fruit Extract None None RED POPPY FLOWER EXTRACT Papaver Rhoeas Petal Extract (I) RED SAGE ROOT EXTRACT Salvia Miltiorrhiza Flower/Leaf/Root Extract (I) REISHI MUSHROOM EXTRACT Ganoderma Lucidum (Mushroom) Stem Extract * None RESTHARROW EXTRACT Ononis Spinosa Root Extract (I) Page 10

22 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS RHODIOLA ROSEA EXTRACT Rhodiola Rosea Extract * None RHUBARB EXTRACT Rheum Palmatum Root Extract / (I) RICE EXTRACT Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract / None RICE BRAN EXTRACT Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Extract None None ROOIBOS EXTRACT Aspalathus Linearis Leaf Extract * None ROSE CENTIFOLIA EXTRACT Rosa Centifolia Flower Extract (I) ROSE EXTRACT Rose Extract (I) ROSE GERANIUM EXTRACT Pelargonium Capitatum Leaf Extract None None ROSE GERANIUM EXTRACT Pelargonium Graveolens Extract (I) ROSE HIPS EXTRACT Rosa Canina Fruit Extract (I) ROSEMARY EXTRACT Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (I) ROSEWOOD EXTRACT Aniba Rosaeodora (Rosewood) Wood Extract None None ROYAL JELLY EXTRACT Royal Jelly Extract (I) RUE EXTRACT Ruta Graveolens (Rue) Leaf/ Root/ Stem Extract (I) SAFFLOWER EXTRACT Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract None None SAFFRON EXTRACT Crocus Sativus Flower Extract (I) SAGE EXTRACT Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract / (I) SANDALWOOD EXTRACT Santalum Album (Sandalwood) Wood Extract (I) SAPPANWOOD EXTRACT Caesalpinia Sappan Bark Extract None None SARSAPARILLA EXTRACT Smilax Aristolochiaefolia Root Extract None None SASSAFRAS EXTRACT Sassafras Officinale Bark/Root Extract None None SAW PALMETTO EXTRACT Serenoa Serrulata Fruit Extract (I) SCHIZANDRA EXTRACT Schizandra Chinensis Fruit Extract None None SEA BUCKTHORN FRUIT EXTRACT Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Extract (I) SEA FENNEL EXTRACT Crithmum Maritimum Extract (I) SEA LETTUCE EXTRACT Ulva Lactuca Extract (I) SEA PALM EXTRACT Postelsia Palmaeformis Thallus Extract * None SEAWEED EXTRACT Fucus Vesiculosus Extract (I) SEA WHIP EXTRACT Nereocystis Leutkeana Extract None None SENEGA ROOT EXTRACT Polygala Senega Root Extract / (I) SESAME SEED EXTRACT Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Extract None None SHEA BUTTER EXTRACT Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter Extract (I) SHEEP SORREL EXTRACT Rumex Acetosella Extract None None SHEPHERD'S PURSE EXTRACT Capsella Bursa Pastoris Extract (I) SHISO LEAF EXTRACT Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract (I) SILK TREE EXTRACT Albizia Julibrissin Bark Extract * None SILVER BIRCH EXTRACT Betula Alba Leaf Extract (I) SILVER FIR NEEDLE Abies Pectinata Leaf Extract None None SILVER WEED EXTRACT Potentilla Anserina Extract (I) SKULLCAP EXTRACT Scutellaria Lateriflora Extract None None SLIPPERY ELM BARK EXTRACT Ulmus Fulva Bark Extract None None SOAP BARK EXTRACT` Quillaja Saponaria Bark Extract (I) SOAPWORT EXTRACT Saponaria Officinalis Leaf/ Root Extract (I) Page 11

23 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS SOPHORA EXTRACT Sophora Japonica Flower/Bud Extract (I) SOUTHERNWOOD EXTRACT Artemisia Abrotanum Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract (I) SOY EXTRACT Glycine Soja (Soybean) Seed Extract * None SOY GERM EXTRACT Glycine Soja (Soybean) Germ) Extract None None SOY SPROUT EXTRACT Glycine Soja (Soybean) Sprout Extract None None SPEARMINT EXTRACT Mentha Viridis (Spearmint) Extract None SPEEDWELL EXTRACT Veronica Officinalis Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract (I) SPINACH EXTRACT Spinacia Oleracea (Spinach) Leaf Extract (I) SPIRULINA EXTRACT Spirulina Maxima Extract None None SPIRULINA EXTRACT Spirulina Platensis Extract None None SPRUCE (NORWAY) EXTRACT Picea Abies Bud Extract (I) STAR FRUIT EXTRACT Averrhoa Carambola Fruit Extract None None STEVIA EXTRACT Stevia Rebaudiana Leaf/ Stem Extract (I) ST. JOHN'S WORT EXTRACT Hypericum Perforatum Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract (I) STRAWBERRY EXTRACT Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Leaf Extract (I) STRAWBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Fruit Extract (I) STRAWBERRY BEGONIA Saxifraga Sarmentosa Extract None None SUGAR CANE EXTRACT Saccharum Officinarum (Sugar Cane) Extract (I) SUNFLOWER EXTRACT Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Flower Extract None None SUNFLOWER SEED EXTRACT Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Extract * None SWEET GRASS EXTRACT Hierochloe Odorata Extract (I) SWEET CHERRY EXTRACT Prunus Avium (Sweet Cherry) Fruit Extract None None SWEET POTATO EXTRACT Ipomoea Batatas Tuber Extract None None TAMARIND FRUIT EXTRACT Tamarindus Indica Extract (I) TANGERINE EXTRACT Citrus Tangerina (Tangerine) Peel Extract None None TANSY EXTRACT Tanacetum Vulgare Extract (I) TARRAGON EXTRACT Artemisia Dracunculus (Tarragon) Root Extract None None TAYUYA ROOT EXTRACT Cayaponia Tayuya Root Extract * None TEA TREE EXTRACT Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract (I) THYME EXTRACT Thymus Vulgaris (Thyme) Leaf Extract / (I) TOMATO EXTRACT Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Fruit/ Leaf/ Stem Extract (I) TONKA BEAN EXTRACT Dipteryx Odorata Seed Extract (I) TORMENTILLA EXTRACT Potentilla Erecta Root Extract (I) TURMERIC EXTRACT Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Root Extract (I) VALERIAN ROOT EXTRACT Valeriana Officinalis Rhizome/Root Extract (I) VANILLA EXTRACT Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Extract * / None VELVET FLOWER EXTRACT Amaranthus Caudatus Seed Extract * None VERVAIN EXTRACT Verbena Officinalis Leaf Extract (I) VETIVER EXTRACT Vetiveria Zizanoides Root Extract * (I) * VIOLET EXTRACT Viola Odorata Flower / Leaf Extract (I) WAKAME EXTRACT Undaria Pinnatifida Extract None None Page 12

24 CARRUBBA INC. BOTANICAL EXTRACTS /2/10 CAS EINECS WASABI EXTRACT Wasabia Saponica Root Extract None None WATERCRESS EXTRACT Nasturtium Officinale Leaf/Flower Extract (I) WATERMELON EXTRACT Citrullus Vulgaris (Watermelon) Fruit Extract * None WATER MINT EXTRACT Mentha Aquatica Leaf Extract (I) WHEAT EXTRACT Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Sprout Extract (I) WHEAT GERM EXTRACT Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Germ Extract (I) WHEAT GRASS EXTRACT Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Sprout Extract (I) WHITE BIRCH EXTRACT Betula Alba Bark / Leaf Extract (I) WHITE GINGER EXTRACT Hedychium Coronarium Root Extract None None WHITE LILY EXTRACT Lilium Candidum Bulb Extract (I) WHITE OAK BARK EXTRACT Quercus Alba Bark Extract * None WHITE PINE BARK EXTRACT Pinus Strobus Bark Extract (I) WHITE POND LILY EXTRACT Nymphaea Odorata Root Extract (I) WHITE TRUFFLE EXTRACT Tuber Magnatum Extract * None WHITE WILLOW BARK EXTRACT Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract (I) WILD DESERT SAGE EXTRACT Artemisia Tridentata Extract None None WILD PANSY EXTRACT Viola Tricolor Extract (I) WILD RICE EXTRACT Zizania Aquatica Extract None None WILD THYME EXTRACT Thymus Serpillum Extract (I) WILD YAM EXTRACT Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) Root Extract (I) WILLOW HERB EXTRACT Epilobium Angustifolium Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract (I) WINTERGREEN EXTRACT Gaultheria Procumbens (Wintergreen) Leaf Extract (I) WISTERIA EXTRACT Wisteria Sinensis Extract (I) WITCH HAZEL EXTRACT Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Bark/ Leaf/ Twig Extract None WITHANIA EXTRACT Withania Somnifera Root Extract None None WORMWOOD EXTRACT Artemisia Absinthium Extract (I) YARROW EXTRACT Achillea Millefolium Extract (I) YEAST EXTRACT Yeast Extract / (I) YELLOW DOCK ROOT EXTRACT Rumex Crispus Root Extract (I) YERBA MATE EXTRACT ilex Paraguariensis Leaf Extract / (I) YLANG EXTRACT Cananga Odorata Flower Extract * None YOHIMBE EXTRACT Corynanthe Yohimbe Bark Extract None YUCCA EXTRACT Yucca Filamentosa Extract (Gen) / (I) / (I) YUCCA SCHIDIGERA EXTRACT Yucca Schidigera Leaf/ Root/ Stem Extract (Gen)/ (I) YUMBERRY EXTRACT Myrica Rubra Fruit Extract None None YUZU FRUIT EXTRACT Citrus Junos Fruit Extract None None Page 13

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26 AFRICAN BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Acacia African Marigold African Violet Aloe Astragalus Basil Baobab Buchu Cardamom Coconut Coffee Devil s Claw Egyptian Chamomile Eucalyptus Fennel Fenugreek Frankincense Gardenia Geranium Ginger Gotu Kola Hibiscus Honeybush Kola Nut Lemon Grass Lemon Verbena Mango Myrrh Olive Rooibos Rosehips Rosemary Sage Sandalwood Shea Turmeric Astringent, Moisturizing, Soothing Astringent, Cleansing, Healing, Moisturizing, Soothing Astringent, Cleansing, Healing, Soothing, Toner Healing, Moisturizing, Soothing Healing, Nourishing Antiseptic, Healing, Tonic, Stimulating Skin Firming, Elasticity, Soothing Cleansing Antiseptic, Soothing Emollient Astringent, Exfoliate, Sun Protection Soothing Cleansing, Moisturizing, Emollient, Relaxing Cleansing, Antiseptic, Stimulating Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Emollient, Moisturizing Moisturizing, Anti-inflammatory Antiseptic Antiseptic, Astringent, Moisturizing, Tonic, Stimulating Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Tonic Hair Conditioner, Razor Bumps Relaxing, Soothing Anti-inflammatory, Nourishing Healing, Stimulating, Toning, Astringent Antiseptic, Astringent, Cleansing, Relaxing Clears Skin, Soothes Eyes, Shines Hair Emollient Antiseptic, Astringent Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Refreshing Antioxidant Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Dark Hair sheen, Moisturizing, Relaxing Emollient, Moisturizing, Romantic Moisturizing, Soothing, UV Protection Healing

27 ANTI-OXIDANT BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Green Tea Soy Grape Seed Cranberry Apples Maritime Bark Cocoa Citrus Fruits Acai Blackberries Pomegranate Raspberries Strawberries Yumberry Blueberry/Bilberry Blackcurrant Acerola Cherry Grapes Tomato Guava Pink Grapefruit Melon Honeydew Mango Carrot Pumpkin Ginkgo Biloba Milk Thistle Rosemary Turmeric Seaweed Polyphenols Epigallocatechin Gallate Isoflavones Genistein, Daidzein Proanthocyanidins Proanthocyanidins Proanthocyanidins, Caffeic Acid Proanthocyanidins Flavonoid Catechins Flavonoids Hesperidin, Rutin, Naringin Flavonoids Anthocyanins - Ellagic Acid Flavonoids Anthocyanins Ellagic Acid Flavonoids Anthocyanins Ellagic Acid Flavonoids Anthocyanins Ellagic Acid Flavonoids Anthocyanins Ellagic Acid Flavonoids Anthocyanins, Carotenoids Flavonoids Anthocyanins, Carotenoids Flavonoids Anthocyanins, Carotenoids Polyphenols Resveratrol, Ellagic Acid Carotenoids - Lycopene Flavonoids Lycopene, Quercetin Flavonoids - Lycopene Flavonoids - Lycopene Carotenoid - Zeaxanthin Carotenoid - Quercetin Carotenoid - Alpha Carotene Flavonoids - Quercetin, Kaempferol Flavonoid - Silymarin Phenolic acid Rosmarinic Curcumin Carotenoids, Chlorophyl

28 AYURVEDIC BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Acacia Khadira Nutritive, Antioxidant Aloe Vera Kumari Healing, Anti-inflammatory Ashwagandha Ashwaghanda Stimulating, Rejuvenating Bitter Gourd Karela Cleansing, Purifying Bamboo Vansha Anti-inflammatory, Healing Bibitaki Bibitaki Astringent, Anti-inflammatory Boswellia Kundar Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Brahmi Brahmi Calming, Healing Cardamom Aindri Antiseptic, Soothing Carrot Gajar Antioxidant, UV Protection Cassia Chakunda Antifungal, Anti-itch Clove Lavang Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Coconut Nariyal kopra Moisturizing, Nutritive Cucumber Kheera Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing Eclipta Bhringaraj Promotes Hair Growth Fennel Saunf Cleansing, Soothing Fenugreek Methi Cleansing, Softening Galanga Kulinjan Antioxidant, UV absorbing Ginger Sunth Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Gooseberry Amlaki Antioxidant, Nutritive Gotu Kola Mandookparni Healing, Moisturizing, Anti-aging Grape Angoor Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Hawthorn Ringo Anti-acne, Astringent Haritaki Haritaki Healing, Cleansing, Tonic Henna Mehendi Astringent, Nourishing Hibiscus Jasut Emollient, Hair Dye Honey Madhu Moisturizing, Nutritive Horse chestnut Pu Astringent, Stimulates Circulation Jasmine Chameli Anti-inflammatory, Softening Jatamansi Jatamansi Calming Jujube Jarberi Antiseptic, Moisturizing Lemongrass Gandhatrana Antioxidant Licorice Madhuyasthi Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Lotus Kamal Improve complexion Magnolia Hou Po Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Mandarin Orange Santra Antioxidant, Sedative Mallow Kanghi Emollient, Antiseptic Mango Aam Antioxidant, Softening Neem Nimba Antiseptic, Astringent Nettle Bichoo Booti Strengthens Hair, Antibacterial Papaya Papita Cleansing, Softening Pomegranate Anar Antioxidant Rosemary Rusmari Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Sandalwood Chandra Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing Sesame Til Emollient, Promotes hair growth Tamarind Imli Astringent, Antiseptic Tea Chai Antioxidant, UV absorbing Triphala Triphala Antioxidant Turmeric Haldi Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Tulsi Tulsi Antibacterial, Cleansing Vetiver Khus Khus Antiseptic, Sedative Watermelon Tarbooz Antioxidant, Nutritive

29 CHINESE BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Alfalfa Muxu Healing, Nourishing, Soothing Angelica Dong Quai Tonic Aloe Vera Lu Hui Emollient, Healing, Moisturizing, Soothing Apricot Seed Ku Xing Ren Cleansing, Emollient Asparagus Tian Men Dong Healing, Soothing Astragalus Huana Chi Healing, Nourishing Atractylodes Root Pai Shu Soothing Asarum (Wild Ginger) Xi Xin Anti-inflammatory Chaste Tree Berry Man Jing Zi Astringent Chrysanthemum Chu Hua Anti-inflammatory, Clarifying, Softening Citrus Peel Chen Pi Antiseptic, Cleansing, Soothing, Toner Codonopsis Tang Shen Healing, Tonic Coptis Huang Lian Sunscreen Dandelion Pu Gong Yina Cleansing, Moisturizing, Nourishing Eclipta Han Lian Cao Hair Growth Ephedra Ma Huang Astringent, Healing, Soothing Fo-Ti Root Ho Shou Wu Nourishing, Strengthening, Tonic Gardenia Zhi Zi Antiseptic Gentian Root Qin Jiao Anti-inflammatory, Astringent Ginger Gan Jiang Anti-oxidant, Antiseptic, Tonic Ginseng Ren Shen Stimulating Green Tea Lu Cha Anti-inflammatory, Sunscreen Honeysuckle Flowers Yin Hua Anti-inflammatory, Healing, Soothing Jujube Da T' Sao Astringent, Antiwrinkle, Moisturizing Kudzu Root Ko Ken Healing Licorice Gan T' Sao Emollient, Healing Loquat Pi Pa Ye Expels Moisture Lovage Root Gao Ben Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Cleansing Lovage Szechuan Root Chuangxiong Soothing Magnolia Flowers Xin Yi Hua Anti-irritating, Soothing Mulberry Twig Sang Zhi Relaxing, Soothing Papaya Fan Mu Gua Antiseptic, Cleansing Peony Root Bai Shao-Yao Healing, Nourishing, Soothing Poria Fu Ling Antiwrinkle, Cleansing, Moisturizing Rehmannia Sok Day Sang Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing, Nourishing Rosemary Mi Die Xiang Astringent, Cleansing, Moisturizing, Tonic Schisandra Wu Wei Zi Astringent, Relaxing Seaweed Kun Bu Nourishing, Strengthening Sesame Hei Zhi Ma Hair Growth

30 SOUTHEAST ASIAN BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Avocado Bamboo Banana Cinnamon Coconut Coffee Coriander Custard Apple Dragonfruit Frangipani Gardenia Ginger Hibiscus Jackfruit Lemon Lemongrass Lime Longan Lychee Mango Mangosteen Nutmeg Orchid Palm Papaya Pineapple Pomelo Rice Seaweed Starfruit Sugar Cane Tamarind Turmeric Yam Moisturizing, Cleansing, Healing, Nutritive Moisturizing, Healing, Anti-inflammatory Moisturizing, Nutritive, Softening Antiseptic, Astringent Nutritive, Cleansing, Moisturizing Antioxidant, Sun Protection Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Antioxidant, Nutritive Moisturizing, Healing Antibacterial, Healing Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic Moisturizing, Antioxidant Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant, Cleansing Antioxidant, Astringent Antioxidant, Cleansing Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive, Softening Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antiseptic Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Emollient, Nutritive Antioxidant, Moisturizing Cleansing, Softening, Exfoliate Cleansing, Softening, Nutritive Antioxidant, Cleansing Antioxidant, Softening, Nutritive, Moisturizing Moisturizing, Healing, Softening Antioxidant, Astringent, Nutritive Exfoliate Astringent, Antiseptic, Nutritive Antioxidant, Cleansing, Healing, Sun Protection Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive

31 DESERT BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Agave (Agave Americana) Algerita (Mahonia Trifoliata) Aloe (Aloe Barbadensis) California Poppy (Eschscholzia California) Canaigre (Rumex Hymenosepalus) Chaparral (Larrea Mexicana) Chia (Salvia Hispanica) Chickweed (Stellaria Media) Damiana (Turnera Diffusa) Desert Sunflower (Geraea Canescens) Echinacea (Echinacea Angustifolia) Hollyhock (Althea Rosea) Jojoba (Simmondsia Chinensis) Joshua Tree (Yucca Brevifolia) Manzanita (Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi) Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum) Mojave Yucca (Yucca Schidigera) Passionflower (Passiflora Mexicana) Prickly Pear Cactus (Oppuntia Tuna) Soapberry (Sapindus Saponaria) Stillingia (Stillingia Sylvatica) Wild Desert Sage (Artemisia Tridentata) Nutritive, Cleansing Antimicrobial, Tonic Healing, Moisturizing, Soothing Sedative, Calming Astringent, Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Demulcent, Soothing Demulcent, Nutritive Skin-Conditioning Nutritive, Skin Conditioning Tonic, Regenerative Soothing, Moisturizing Anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing Astringent, Cooling Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing Calming Healing, Soothing Anti-inflammatory, Cooling Alterative, Healing Antimicrobial, Cleansing

32 ENERGIZING BOTANICAL EXTRACTS ENERGIZING BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Acacia Acai Acacia Acerola Acai Alfalfa Acerola Algae Alfalfa Ashwagandha Algae Astragalus Root Camu Camu Ashwagandha Catuaba Astragalus Chia Root Camu Cinnamon Camu Catuaba Cocoa Chia Coffee Cinnamon Eucalpytus Ginseng Cocoa Goji Berry Coffee Gotu Kola Eucalpytus Grapefruit Ginseng Guarana Goji Hoodia Berry Honey Gotu Kola Jatoba Grapefruit Jujuba Guarana Juniper Berry Hoodia Kiwi Berry Honey Kola Nut Lemon Jatoba Lotus Flower Jujuba Luo Han Kuo Juniper Maca Berry Kiwi Mangosteen Berry Kola Milk Nut Thistle Peppermint Lemon Pine Lotus Pumpkin Flower Seed Luo Han Kuo Reishi Maca Rooibos Mangosteen Rosemary Milk Royal Thistle Jelly Peppermint Seaweed Shisandra Pine Spirulina Pumpkin Soy Seed Stevia Suma Sunflower Seed Tea Yuzu Yerba Mate Yohimbe Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Nutritive Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Stimulating Nutritive, Stimulating Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive Nutritive, Stimulating Nutritive Nutritive Stimulating Stimulating Stimulating Stimulating

33 FAIR TRADE BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Black Tea Chamomile Cinnamon Clove Cocoa Coffee Ginger Green Tea Hibiscus Nutmeg Peppermint Rooibos Spearmint Sugar Cane Turmeric Vanilla White Tea Antioxidant, Skin Soothing, Anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing, Moisturizing Antiseptic, Astringent, Warming Antiseptic, Antimicrobial Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant, Sun Protection Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Stimulating Antioxidant, Sun Protection Antioxidant, Nutritive, Moisturizing Antiseptic, Skin Toning Antiseptic, Stimulant Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive Antiseptic, Stimulating, Acne Exfoliate, Nutritive Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Healing Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Sun Protection

34 HAIR COLOR BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Enhance Blonde, Brown/Black and Red hair color with Natural Botanical Extracts BLONDE AROMATIC NON AROMATIC Calendula Chestnut Chamomile Cornflower Lemon Goldenseal Lemongrass Gold Thread Marigold Primrose Purple Loosestrife Mullein Rhubarb Saffron Sunflower Yarrow BROWN/BLACK Cassia Alkanet Fenugreek Eclipta Rosemary Elder Sage Foti Thyme Hibiscus Jatamansi Oak Sesame Southernwood Tea Walnut RED Chamomile Annatto Sandalwood Beet Henna Hibiscus Madder Root Marigold Saffron Note: These extracts are not intended to be used as colorants.

35 MARINE BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Thalassotherapy is the ancient art which employs sea water and sea plants for therapeutic purposes. Sea water therapy has been used in Europe as a natural remedy to treat not only digestive, circulatory and arthritic conditions, but also to improve skin complexion. Marine botanicals, primarily from some of the thousands of species of seaweed, contain the same minerals and trace elements as sea water, but in higher concentrations, and with added vitamins, many of which are anti oxidants. Marine-derived ingredients are some of the most nutrient-rich life forms in nature. The nutritive properties make it desirable for skin and hair care as it cleanses, purifies, tones, firms, softens and hydrates. Seaweeds have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, moisturizing, and antibiotic properties. Seaweed is a name applied to three classes of algae that live in seawater. Red In addition to chlorophyll, red algae contain the pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin, which give this group their red coloration. Dulse, Irish Moss and Nori Green Over 5,000 species of green algae are known, mostly unicells or simple filaments from fresh water, but there are diverse green algae in tropical marine habitats. Green algae has chlorophyll a and b as well as secondary pigments. Spirulina, Sea Lettuce Brown Fucus or brown algae is rich in antioxidants and has a detoxifying benefit to the body. The 1,500 species of brown algae are almost exclusively found in marine habitats. The browns include the largest of the seaweeds. These are predominately antibacterial, cleansing and regenerative, Kelp, Kombu, Bladderwrack, Laminaria, Wakame, Sea Palm Bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosus/brown algae Anti-Aging, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive, Softens Skin, Hair Shine, Skin Firming, Healing, Skin Elasticity, Skin Soothing Dulse Palmaria palmate/red algae Cleansing, Toning, Skin Soothing, Nutritive, Healing, Anti-Cellulite continued on next page

36 Irish Moss Chondrus crispus/red algae Emollient, Moisturizing, Sheaths damaged or dry hair, Nutritive, Skin Soothing, Anti-Inflammatory Kelp/Kombu Laminaria Nori/Laver Macrocystis pyrifera /Brown algae Anti-Inflammatory, Nutritive, Skin Elasticity, Healing, Skin Softening, Moisturizing Laminaria digitata/brown algae De-Toxification, Revitalizing and Firming for Skin, Purifying, Nutritive, Anti-Cellulite Porphyra umbilicalis /Red algae Stimulates Hair Growth, Strengthens Hair, Nutritive, Moisturizing Sea Lettuce Sea Palm Spirulina Wakame Ulva lactuca/green algae Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Skin Elasticity, Collagen Synthesis, Anti-Wrinkle, Emollient, Moisturizing Postelsia palmaeformis/brown algae Skin Softening, Anti-Wrinkle, Nourishing, Moisturizing, Anti- Inflammatory, Antiseptic, Hair Shine Spirulina maxima/blue algae Anti aging, Anti-Wrinkle, Collagen Synthesis, Anti-Inflammatory, Nourishing Undaria pinnatifida/brown algae Antioxidant, Skin revitalizing, Anti Wrinkle, Moisturizing, Skin Smoothing, Sunscreen, Anti-Obesity

37 MIDDLE EAST BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Aloe Vera Apricot Apple Anise Almond Barley Carnation Cassava Cassia Cedar Chrysanthemum Cardamom Coffee Date Hibiscus Fenugreek Frankincence Fig Ginger Honey Jasmine Jojoba Marjoram Meadowsweet Myrrh Olive Persimmon Pomegranate Quince Rosemary Rose Tamerind Turmeric Sandalwood Thyme Walnut Moisturizing, Healing, Soothing Cleansing, Moisturizing Astringent, Cleansing Antibacterial Cleansing, Moisturizing Antioxidant, Nutritive Anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive Antiseptic, Astringent Antiseptic, Astringent, Tonic Anti-inflammatory Antibacterial, Tonic Antioxidant, Sun Protection Astringent Moisturizing, Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive, Moisturizing Anit-inflammatory, Antiseptic Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive, Exfoliate Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic Moisturizing, Healing, Nutritive Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Softening Emollient, Anti-inflammatory, Softening Antioxidant, Antiseptic Anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant, Astringent Antioxidant, Astringent Emollient, Soothing, Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Nutritive Moisturizing, Astringent, Toning, Cleansing Astringent, Nutritive Antioxidant, Cleansing, Healing, Sun Protection Moisturizing, Softening, Anti-inflammatory Antibacterial, Antiseptic Antiseptic, Astringent

38 CERTIFIED ORGANIC BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Alfalfa Cornsilk Lemon Balm Shepards Purse Fruits: Allspice Cucumber Seed Licorice Shepards Purse Acai Almond Dandelion Linden Flower Slippery Elm Apple Aloe Vera Devil's Claw Lobelia Soy Apricot Amalaki Dong Quai Lotus Leaf Spearmint Banana Angelica Echinacea Malva, Blue Spilanthes Wild Blueberry Anise Eclipta Macadamia Nut Sunflower Bilberry Annatto Seed Elder Marjoram St John's Wort Cantaloupe Arnica Elecampane Marshmallow Sugar Cane Cherry Ashwaganda Eleuthero Root Meadowsweet Tansy Coconut Astragalus Eucalyptus Milk Thistle Tarragon Cranberry Barley Grass Eyebright Motherwort Tea Black Currant Basil Fennel Seed Mugwort Tea, Green Date Bay Leaf Fenugreek Mushroom Tea, Oolong Fig Bibhitaki Feverfew Mullein Tea, White Goji Berries Blackberry Leaf Flax Seed Nettle Thyme Honeydew Black Cohosh Fo-Ti Root Oat Triphala Kiwi Blessed Thistle Gentian Root Oat straw Tribulus Mango Blue Flag Root Ginger Root Olive Leaf Turkey Rhubarb Mulberry Boneset Ginkgo Orange Peel Turmeric Root Orange Borage Ginseng American Osha Root Uva Ursi Papaya Brazil Nut Goldenrod Parsley Vanilla Peach Buchu Leaf Goldenseal Root Passion Flower Valerian Root Pear Buckthorn Bark Gotu Kola Pea Vervain Persimmon Burdock Root Hawthorn Pecan Violet Pineapple Butchers Broom Hazelnut Pennyroyal Walnut Plum Calendula Heal All Peppermint Watercress Pomegranate Cardamom Heather Pistachio Wheat Grass Prune Carrot Helichrysum Plaintain Leaf White Peony Raison/Grape Cashew Hibiscus Poppy Seed White Willow Bark Raspberry Catnip Honey Pumpkin Seed White Pine Bark Strawberry Celandine Honeysuckle Queen of the Meadow Wood Betony Vegetables: Celery Seed Hops Red Raspberry Leaf Wormwood Beet Centaury Horehound Reishi Yellow Dock Root Broccoli Chamomile Horse chestnut Rooibos Yarrow Cabbage Chickweed Horsetail Rose Yerba Mate Carrot Chickory Root Hyssop Rosehips Yucca Root Cauliflower Chrysanthemum Iceland Moss Rosemary Collard Cinnamon Jojoba Rue Herb Seaweed: Cucumber Clove Juniper Berries Safflower Alaria Kale Clover, Red Lavandin Sage Bladderwrack Pumpkin Cocoa Lavender Savory Leaf Dulse Spinach Coffee Lemon Verbena Saw Palmetto Kelp Tomato Coltsfoot Lemon Balm Seabuckthorn Laver/Nori Yam, Wild Comfrey Lemon Peel Scullcap Rockweed Cornflower Lemongrass Sesame Seed Sea Lettuce Coriander Lettuce, Wild Sheep Sorrel Spirulina

39 RAINFOREST BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Acacia Extract Annatto Banana Extract Brazil Nut Extract Camu Camu Extract Cat's Claw Extract Catuaba Extract Cinchona Bark Extract Damiana Extract Guacatonga Extract Guarana Extract Gumbolimbo Extract Jaborandi Extract Jatoba Extract Kola Nut Extract Macadamia Nut Extract Mango Extract Muira Puama Extract Orchid Extract Papaya Extract Passion Flower Extract Pau d'arco Extract Quassia (Amargo) Extract Suma (Brazilian Ginseng) Extract Yerba Mate Extract Moisturizing, Emollient, Softening Natural Sunscreen Cleansing, Softening Astringent, Emollient, Nutritive Vitamin C Source, Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory, Aids immune system Aphrodisiac, Tonic Anti-bacterial, Cleansing, Stimulating Aphrodisiac Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory Stimulating Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory Stimulating (especially for hair growth) Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Expels fat and water, Stimulating Emollient Cleansing, Softening Aphrodisiac Aphrodisiac, Nutritive Cleansing, Softening Calming, Soothing Tonic Cooling, Tonic Astringent, Soothing, Wrinkle treatment Stimulating, Vitamin C

40 BOTANICAL EXTRACTS FOR SHAVING PRODUCTS Aloe Althea Apricot Bay Laurel Calendula Comfrey Cornflower Cowslip Primose Cucumber Elder Berry and Flower Ginseng Juniper Lavender Milk Thistle Oakmoss Oat Olive Leaf Sage Witch Hazel Yarrow Moisturizing/Healing Moisturizing/Emollient Moisturizing Nourishing Moisturizing Emollient Astringent/Soothing Cleansing/Moisturizing Astringent/Moisturizing Emollient Wrinkle Treatment Antiseptic Cleansing Healing Cleansing/Antiseptic Emollient Moisturizing/Nourishing Healing/Antiseptic Soothing/Antiseptic Soothing/Anti-inflammatory ESSENTIAL OILS FOR SHAVING PRODUCTS Bergamot Cedarwood Chamomile Clary Sage Clove Eucalyptus Geranium Jasmine Lavender & Lavandin Patchouli Rosemary Rosewood (Bois de Rose) Sandalwood Vetivert Soothing/Anti-inflammatory Astringent/Septic Cleansing Cleansing/Antiseptic Moisturizing Antiseptic Astringent/Antiseptic Astringent/Antiseptic Cleansing/Antiseptic Healing Healing/Antiseptic Balancing Astringent/Antiseptic Antiseptic

41 SPA BOTANICAL EXTRACTS ANTI-AGING Blueberry MARINE BASED Algae Cranberry Dulse Ginkgo Biloba Irish Moss Grape seed Kelp Milk Thistle Nori Pomegranate Spirulina Raspberry Soy MOISTURIZING Aloe Vera Apricot CELLULITE Bladderwrack Avocado Borage Calendula Butchers Broom Carrot Seed Cocoa Cucumber Coffee Rose Dandelion Ginkgo Biloba NUTRITIVE Alfalfa Guarana Chia Horse Chestnut Chickory Red Clover Dandelion Kudzu CLEANSING Chamomile Honey Lemon Quinoa Lemongrass Maca Orange Oat Peppermint TEA BASED Green Tea DETOX Cypress Oolong Tea Lemon Rooibos Tea Green Tea White Tea Rosemary Yerba Mate Yerba Mate TONING Cucumber EXFOLIATE Fig Grapefruit Papaya Orange Flower Pineapple Rose Witch Hazel

42 BOTANICAL EXTRACTS FOR SUN CARE Acacia Flower Almond Aloe Annatto Avocado Black Tea Black Walnut Calendula Carrot Cocoa Chamomile Comfrey Cucumber Echinacea Elder Flower Flax Seed Geranium Green Tea Irish Moss Jojoba Lavender Mallow Orange Flower ain Sandalwood Violet Witch Hazel Moisturizing Moisturizing, Emollient Healing, Moisturizing, Soothing Prolongs Tan, Sunscreen Moisturizing Cooling, Healing, Prolongs Tan Prolongs Tan Moisturizing, Healing, Soothing, Anti-inflammatory Anti-inflammatory, Prolongs Tan Moisturizing, Prolongs Tan Emollient, Healing, Anti-inflammatory, Prolongs Tan Emollient, Soothing, Anti-inflammatory Soothing, Anti-inflammatory Healing Moisturizing, Emollient, Soothing Emollient Prolongs Tan Anti-inflammatory, Cooling, Healing Moisturizing, Healing, Emollient Moisturizing Emollient, Anti-inflammatory, Prolongs Tan Emollient Healing Healing Healing Calming, Moisturizing Soothing

43 SUPERFRUIT BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Acai Acerola Cherry Blueberry Blackcurrant Camu Camu Cranberry Cupuacu Kiwi Berry Goji Berry Luo Han Guo Lychee Mangosteen Persimmon Pomegranate Sea Buckthorn Starfruit Yumberry Yuzu Antioxidant, Circulation, Nutritive Antioxidant, Circulation, Healing Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Collagen Synthesis Antioxidant, Circulation, Elasticity Antioxidant, Circulation, Energizing Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing Antioxidant, Cleansing Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant, Nutritive, Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant, Nutritive, Collagen Synthesis Antioxidant, Emollient, Nutritive Antioxidant, Emollient, Healing Antioxidant, Nutritive Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant, Circulation, Anti-inflammatory

44 VEGETABLE BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Vegetables are known to be good natural sources of vitamins and antioxidants which can help keep skin, hair and nails healthy and youthful looking. Carrubba now offers a line of natural vegetable extracts suitable for your cosmetic and personal care products. Vegetable Relative Relative Anti-Oxidant Vitamin A (1) Vitamin C (1) Score (2) Beets Low Low High Broccoli Medium High High Brussels Sprouts Medium High High Cabbage Low Medium Medium Carrots High Low Low Cauliflower Low High Medium Celery Low Low Low Corn Low Low Medium Cucumbers Low Low Low Eggplant Low Low Medium Iceberg Lettuce Medium Low Low Kale High High High Leaf Lettuce Medium Medium Low Onions Low Low Medium Potatoes None High Medium Red Peppers High High Medium Spinach High Medium High String Beans High Medium Low Sweet Potatoes High High Low Tomato High High High Yellow Squash Medium Low Low (1) Herbert V. and Subak-Sharpe G. eds.; Total Nutrition; The Only Guide You ll Ever Need. 1995, St. Martin s Griffin, New York (2) Cao G., Sofic E., Prior R; Antioxidant Capacity of Tea and Common Vegetables. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 1996, 44,

45 WILDCRAFTED BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Barberry Root Balm of Gilead Bayberry Root Birch Bark Blackberry Root Black Walnut Bladderwrack Butchersbroom Cat's Claw Cherry Bark Chickweed Coltsfoot Dong Quai Elder Berries Eucalyptus Frankincense Ginkgo Biloba Goldenseal Hawthorne Berries Horsetail Irish Moss Jasmine Kava Kava Kelp Kola Nut Lemon Verbena Linden Meadowsweet Muira Puama Mugwort Mullein Leaf Myrrh Nori Olive Leaf Oregon Grape Root Orris Root Passionflower Pau D'Arco Pennyroyal Patchouli Leaf Plaintain Quassia Bark Rose Sarsaparilla Sassafras Root Schisandra Shepards Purse Slippery Elm Soapwort Spikenard St. Johns Wort Suma root Tonka Bean Uva Ursi Vitex Berries Wakame Watercress Wild Yam Witch Hazel White Oak Bark White Willow Bark Yellow Dock Yerba Santa Yohimbe Yucca

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47 Natural Aromatics The International Fragrance Association Carrubba Natural Aromatics (IFRA) declares natural aromatic raw Natural Essences Natural Aromatic Extracts materials to be those as defined by ISO Acai Almond norm 9235 and substances that are Almond Apple isolated from them by purely physical Apple Pear Apricot Blend means. In summary, natural aromatics Apricot Mango Bergamot Blend are made by physically extracting the Baby Powder Blueberry Blend volatile fractions from plants Beach Type Calendula without chemically altering them. Black Raspberry Vanilla Carrot Carrubba features Blackberry Vanilla Chamomile Tea two types of Natural Aromatics: Blueberry Cherry, Acerola Blend 1. Natural Essences Brazil Nut Cinnamon Clove These are complex fragrance Buttercream Clary Sage compounds made exclusively from natural Cactus Cocoa aromatics as defined by IFRA. The Carnation Coffee ingredients used in natural fragrances can Chocolate Cucumber be essential oils, oleoresins, distillates, Citrus Ginger Eucalyptus fractions, concretes, absolutes, etc. All Citrus Herbal Geranium of the ingredients are physically obtained Citrus Mint Ginger Yuzu from plants without altering their Citrus Rose Grapefruit chemical structure. The ingredients of a Coconut Lime Green Tea Blend natural fragrance can come from any Cucumber Melon Goji Berry Blend genus and species of plant. For example, Fig & Tea Hibiscus Tea a natural apricot fragrance may contain Gardenia Hyacinth natural aromatics from a variety of plants Goji Berry Jasmine other than apricot. Natural Essences are Grapefruit Mango Lavender appropriate for use in products where it is Green Grass Lavender Mint Blend desirable to avoid the use of synthetics. Green Tea Lemon Benefits: Honey Lemon Lemongrass Natural, complex, high performing Kaffir Lime Lilac Blend (compared to aromatic extracts), no Lavender Vanilla Mandarin synthetic chemicals. Lemon Bergamot Mango Citrus Blend Fragrance, Parfum Lemon Cucumber Maple Buttermilk Blend 2. Natural Aromatic Extracts Lime Mint Orange Natural aromatic extracts are simpler Lime Thyme Pear Apple Blend natural aromatics, as compared to Mandarin Rose Peppermint natural fragrances. All of their Mango Citrus Pomegranate Blend components are physically extracted from Mangosteen Raspberry Blend a single genus and species plant. So, a Melon Rosemary natural aromatic lavender extract will Mixed Berry Rose contain only volatiles physically extracted Papaya Rosewood from lavender. They are useful for imparting Peach Sandalwood a pleasant natural aroma to finished products Pineapple Coconut Sweet Bay & Mint or for masking cosmetic base odors without Pomegranate Star Anise & Berry the use of fragrance. They can be combined Orange Lavender Cardamom Tangerine into blends to become more complex and distinctive. Rosemary Mint Vanilla Benefits: Sandalwood Vanilla Vanilla Thyme Natural, fragrance free, botanical benefits Satsuma Tangerine Watermelon Blend Same as any botanical extract Strawberry Ylang Yuzu Mint Yumberry Blend

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51 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Acacia Acai* Acerola Cherry* Agave Alfalfa* Almond Aloe* Amla Angelica* Anise Seed* Annatto* Apple* Apricot* Argan Arnica* Artichoke* Ashwagandha* Astragalus* Atlantic Kelp Avocado Awapuhi Astringent Bamboo Banana* Baobab Basil* Bearberry* Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010 Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen

52 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Beet Root* Bergamot* Bilberry* Birch* Bitter Orange Black Currant Fruit Black Currant leaf Black Pepper* Black Tea* Blueberry* Borage * Brazil Nut* Buchu Burdock* Butchers Broom* Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Cactus Calendula* Camu Camu Cardamom* Carrot* Cats Claw Centaury* Chamomile* Chaste Tree Berry Cherry Bark Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

53 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Cherry Fruit* Chestnut Chia* Chicory Chrysanthemum* Cinnamon* Clove* Cocoa* Coconut* Coffee* Coltsfoot* Comfrey* Cornflower* Cotton Seed Cranberry* Cucumber* Cupuacu Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Daisy Dandelion* Dulse* Echinacea* Eclipta* Elder Flower* Elderberry* Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

54 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Eucalyptus* Evening Primrose Fennel* Fenugreek* Feverfew* Fig* Fir Needle Flax Seed* Fo-Ti* Frangipani Frankincense Gardenia Ginger* Ginkgo Biloba* Ginseng* Goji Berry* Goldenseal* Gotu Kola* Grape Grapefruit* Grape Seed Green Tea* Guarana Guava Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

55 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Hawthorn* Heal All* Heather* Henna Hibiscus* Honey* Honeysuckle* Hops* Horsechestnut* Horseradish Horsetail* Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Irish Moss* Ivy Jaborandi Jasmine Jatoba Jojoba* Jujube Juniper* Kelp* Kiwi* Kola Nut Kukui Kumquat Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

56 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Kushen (Sophora) Lavender* Lemon Lemon Balm* Lemongrass* Licorice* Linden Flower* Lime Lotus Flower* Luo Han Guo Madder Root Magnolia Maidenhair Mallow Mandarin Orange Mango* Mangosteen Marjoram * Marshmallow* Milk Thistle* Momordica Muira Puama Mulberry Neem* Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

57 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Nettle Noni* Nutmeg* Boosts Circulation Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Oatmeal Oatstraw* Olive Olive Leaf* Oolong Tea* Orange Blossom Orchid Pansy Papaya* Paper Mulberry Parsley* Passionflower* Patchouli Peach* Pear* Pearl Peony* Peppermint* Perilla Persimmon* Pineapple* Pine Tree Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

58 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Pomegranate* Prickley Pear Pumpkin Seed * Quillaia Quince Raspberry* Red Clover* Reishi (Mushroom)* Rice* Rooibos* Rose* Rosemary* Sage* Sandlwood Sea Buckthorn* Sea Kelp* Shea* Shiitaki (Mushroom)* Silk Tree Soapwort Soy* Spirulina* Starfruit Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

59 Cleansing Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen St Johns Wort* Strawberry* Suma Sunflower* Tamarind Tangerine Tea Tree Thyme * Tiare Flower Tomato* Truffle Turmeric* Vanilla* Velvet Walnut* Watercress* White Lily White Tea White Willow Bark* Wild Yam* Witch Hazel* Yarrow* Yerba Mate* Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

60 Cleansing Moisturizing Yohimbe Yucca* Yumberry* Anti-Inflammatory Healing/Soothing Nourishing Softening Boosts Circulation Astringent Anti-Oxidant Antimicrobial Skin Lightening Anti-Dandruff Firming Elasticity Exfoliating Hair Growth Strengthens Hair Shine Sunscreen Also avaiable in Ceritfied Organic- * (and) Fair Trade- Versions 10/2010

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62 STANDARDIZED BOTANICAL EXTRACTS Standardized extracts are those in which a compound or group of compounds are contained at a specified level, by weight. For example, Carrubba s Green Tea (90% Polyphenols) Extract B6574 is guaranteed to be at least 90% total polyphenols by weight, and within that 90% polyphenols, 46% will be EGCG (epigallocatechin-3-gallate). This standardization ensures you of receiving a known and constant amount of the compounds you re looking for within each lot. LIST OF AVAILABLE STANDARDIZED EXTRACTS AND THEIR ACTIVES Ginkgo Biloba Grape Seed Green Tea Horsechestnut Licorice Milk Thistle Rosemary Soy 24.0% flavonoids 6.0% terpene lactones 95.0% proanthocyanidins 30 and 90% polyphenols 20.0% saponins as aescin 26.0% glycyrrhizinic acid 80.0% silymarin 6.0% carnosic acid 13.5% isoflavones

63 STANDARDIZED GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT Chemistry: Ginkgo Attributes: Ginkgo Biloba Extract Leaves 24% Flavonoids (ginkgo flavoneglycosides) 6% Terpene Lactones The ginkgo or maidenhair tree is the oldest known living tree species and last survivor of its botanical family Ginkgoaceae. It may grow to 80 feet and live as long as 1,000 years. Native to Asia, it is now found commonly in North America. The tree produces green to yellow fan-shaped leaves with radiating veins, and round fruit that contains a single seed. Studies have indicated the following attributes: Topical Application Improves Microcirculation: (1) Protects capillaries against fragility, increases blood flow and metabolism efficiency, boosts oxygen levels to improve circulation-related disorders such as varicose veins and skin disorders Potent Antioxidant: (3) Promotes healing of skin and protects against aging of skin Anti-Inflammatory: (2,3,6) Protects Against Sun Damage: (4) topical use inhibits UVB irradiation skin damage Reduces Reaction to Contact Allergy Dermatitis: (5) with topical use Enhances Synthesis of Collagen and Fibronectin: (6) suggests it is protective against various tissue injuries Skin Care continued on next page

64 References: 1.Bombardelli,E., Cristoni,A., "Activity of phospholipid complex of Ginkgo biloba dimeric flavonoids on the skin microcirculation", Fitoterapia 1996;VolLXVII No3 2.Pang,Z., Pan,F., He,S., "Ginkgo biloba L.: History Current Status, and Future Prospects,"The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine," 1996; Vol2, No3: Bederecioglu, M, Tercan, Mustafa, Ozyagan, Irfan, The Effect of Gingko Biloba Extract (Egb 761) as a Free Radical Scavenger on the Survival of Skin Flaps in Rats,"Scand J Plastic Reconstruction Hand Surgery", 1998;32: Lin, Shan-Yang, Chang, Hone-Ping, Induction of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Activity in Different Rat Tissues and Protection From UVB Irradiation After Topical Application of Ginkgo biloba Extracts", Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacology," 1997;19(6): Castelli D., Colin,L.,Camel,E.,Reis,G., "Pretreatment of skin with a Ginkgo biloba extract/sodium carboxymethyl β 1,3-glucan formulation appears to inhibit the elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis in man", Contact Dermatitis, (3): Kim, SJ,"Effects of Flavonoids of Ginkgo biloba on Proliferation of Human Skin Fibroblast", Skin Pharmacology," 1997;10:

65 STANDARDIZED GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Chemistry: Grape Seed Attributes: Vitis Vinefera (Grape) Seed Extract Seeds 95% Proanthocyanidins - phenolic compounds in the form of polymers or oligomers, built of flavan-3-ol units, such as catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, afzelechin and epiafzelechin. The grapevine is a perennial plant grown in warm, temperate regions of the world. It produces clusters of pale green flowers. The fruit has green, yellow or reddish-purple skins and two to four seeds inside the pulpy flesh. Studies have indicated the following: Powerful antioxidant: topical use protects against the effects of aging by preventing free radical damage. (2) Antiwrinkle: decreases enzyme attacks that weaken and destroy collagen. Provides capillary protective action to skin, resulting in enhanced elasticity and resiliency. Protects against sun damage: topical use Inhibits UV-C radiation-induced peroxidation activity (4) Promotes Hair Growth: topical use promotes proliferation of mouse hair epithelial cells. (1,3,5) Skin conditioner Shampoo Conditioner continued on next page

66 References: 1.Takahashi T, Yokoo Y, Inoue T and Ishii A. "Toxicological Studies on Procyanidin B-2 for External Application as a Hair Growing Agent," Food and Chemical Toxicology 1999;37: Zhoa Jifu, Wang Jiannong, Chen Yngjie and Agarwal Rajesh, "Anti-tumor promoting actibity of a polyphenolic fraction isolated from grape seeds in the mouse skin two-stage initiation-promotion protocol and identification of procyanidin B5-3'-gallate as the most effective antioxidant constituent," Carcinogenesis 1999;20: Takahashi Tomoya, Kamiya Toshikazu, Hasegawa Atsuhiro, and Yokoo Yoshiharu, "Procyanidin Oligomers Selectively and Intensively Promote Proliferation of Mouse Hair Epithelial Cells In Vitro and Activate Hair follicle Growth In Vivo," The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc. 1998;78: Bouhamidi Rachid, Prevost Birginie, Nouvelot Andre, "High protection by grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPC) of polyunsaturated fatty acids against UV-C induced peroxidation," Academie des sciences 1998;321: Takahashi Tomoya, Kamiya Toshikazu and Yokoo Yoshiharu, "Proanthocyanidins from Grape Seeds Promote Proliferation of Mouse Hair follicle Cells In vitro and Convert Hair Cycle In vivo," Acta Derm Venereol 1998;78:428-32

67 STANDARDIZED GREEN TEA EXTRACTS Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract Leaves Tea Classes: The various types of teas all are made from the same plant and fall into three classes Green Tea - Fresh leaves dried Black Tea - Leaves are fermented, then dried Oolong Tea - Leaves are partially fermented, then dried The tea plant ranges in height from 3 to 40 feet and has small shiny, dark green leaves. The small, fragrant flowers have white petals, and the fruits contain one round, pale brown seed. The perennial evergreen is native to Asia and grows in a variety of climates throughout the world. Chemistry: Green Tea Attributes: Green Tea contains six classes of flavonoids, the most important being the flavonols. These flavonols are the most powerful natural antioxidants identified to date, superior to vitamins C and E and beta carotene. The most abundant and effective flavonols are: EGCG (epigallocatechin-3- gallate) Twenty times more potent than vitamin C ECG (epicatechin-3-gallate) EGC (epigallocatechin) EG (epicatechin) Studies have indicated the following attributes: Powerful anti-oxidant; scavenges free radicals Protects against epidermal edema; (3), Can reduce swelling/inflammation when applied topically. GTP constituents have been proven to reduce sun damage and photo-aging caused by UVA and UVB radiation exposure with topical use; (4) Inhibits tumor initiation and growth, including skin tumors when applied topically; (1,2)

68 GTP constituents when combined with topical formulations that contain traditional sunscreens may have additive or synergistic photoprotective effects when compared to either of these agents alone. Skin care - creams and lotions Skin care - post sun tanning treatments Hair and body washes Hair care - scalp benefits Soaps - bar and liquid Sun Care Products Tea types Green: Black: Oolong: Dragonwell - China Gunpowder - China Jasmine - China Young Hyson - China Sencha Leaf - Japan Kukicha Twig - Japan China Black - China Keemum Congu - China Lapsang Souchong - China Assam - India Darjeelng - India Nilgiri (Flowery Orange Pekoe),- South India Ceylon High Grown (Broken Orange Pekoe) - Sri Lanka Se Chung Special Oolong - China Ti Kuan Yin Spring Floral Oolong - China Standardized Green Tea Extracts Available: Green Tea (30% Polyphenols) Extract B4141 Green Tea (90% Polyphenols) Extract B6574 with 46%EGCG

69 References: 1. Mukhtar, PhD, "Antioxidant Components of Green Tea and Skin Care Products", Society of Cosmetic Chemists Annual Scientific Meeting and Technology Showcase; Pillai, S., Mitscher, A., Menon, S., et al, "Antimutagenic Antioxidant Activity of Green Tea Components and Related Compounds", Journal of Environmental Pathology, Taxicoloty and Oncology, , Kaatiyar, S., Matsul, M., Elmets, C., Mukhtar, H., "Polyphenolic Antioxidant Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate from Green Tea Reduces UVB Induced Inflammatory Responses and Infiltration of Leukocytes in Human Skin"; Photochemistry and Photobiology, Elmets, C. MD, Singh, D. MD, et al, "Cutaneous photoprotection from ultraviolet injury by green tea polyphenols"; Journal Am Acad Dermatology, 2001

70 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Green Tea (30% Polyphenols) Extract B4141 CTFA/ Attributes: Appearance: Odor: Camellia Sinensis Extract All natural powdered extract rich in polyphenol antioxidants derived from the leaves and tender shoots of the tea plant Camellia Sinensis. Green Tea is a powerful natural anti-oxidant. Its free radical scavenging properties provide protection against the damaging effects of the sun, including erythema and skin photoaging. It reduces skin swelling and inflammation when applied topically. It reduces the negative effects of UVB radiation when applied prior to sun exposure. It speeds recovery from sun damage to skin. Pale brown powder Characteristic Moisture: Less than 8% Total Polyphenols: 30-35% Caffeine: 4-7% Microbial Data: Plate Count: Less than 100/gram Mold and Yeast: Less than 100/gram Salmonella and E. Coli: Absent Skin Care, Sun Care, Cosmetics Suggested Usage: %

71 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION Green Tea (90% Polyphenols) Extract CTFA/ Attributes: Appearance: Odor: Camellia Sinensis Extract All natural powdered extract rich in polyphenol antioxidants derived from the leaves and tender shoots of the tea plant Camellia Sinensis. Green Tea is a powerful natural anti-oxidant. Its free radical scavenging properties provide protection against the damaging effects of the sun, including erythema and skin photoaging. It reduces skin swelling and inflammation when applied topically. It reduces the negative effects of UVB radiation when applied prior to sun exposure. It speeds recovery from sun damage to skin. Light brown powder Characteristic Moisture: Less than 8% Total Polyphenols: Greater than 90% (Folin-Ciocalteu) Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG): 46% +/- 2.5% Caffeine: Less than 5% Microbial Data: Plate Count: Less than 100/gram Mold: Less than 50/gram Yeast: Less than 50/gram Coliform: Less than 10/gram Skin Care, Sun Care, Cosmetics Suggested Usage: 0.3% - 0.5%

72 STANDARDIZED MILK THISTLE EXTRACT Chemistry: Milk Thistle Attributes: Silybum Marianum Extract Seeds 80% Silymarin - Milk thistle contains flavonoids (Silybin, Silydianin, Silychristin known collectively as Silymarin). A spiny biennial growing to 5 ft. with white-veined leaves and purple flower heads. Milk thistle is native to the Kashmir region of India and Pakistan, but now grows throughout the temperate world. it has been used in Europe as a remedy for depression and liver problems for thousands of years. Studies have indicated the following attributes: Powerful anti-oxidant. Scavenges free radicals. Inhibits photoaging. Provides substantial protection against UVB induced photodamage when applied topically. Studies report significant inhibition (77% fewer sunburn cells in mice) in UVB caused sunburn. Sun Care Skin Care Creams and Lotions Skin Care Post Sun Tanning Treatments Hair and Body Washes Hair Care Scalp Benefits

73 STANDARDIZED SOY ISOFLAVONE EXTRACT Chemistry: Glycine Soja (Soybean) Seed Extract Beans from non genetically modified soy plants. 10% minimum isoflavones consisting of diadzein compounds genistein compounds glycitein compounds Annual growing to 6 ft. Has leaves with 3 leaflets, white or purple flowers, and pods with 2-4 beans. Soy is native to southwestern Asia, and is cultivated worldwide in warm temperate regions. Appearance: Light yellow to tan powder. Attributes: Powerful Antioxidant:(1) Scavenges Free Radicals. Anti-Aging Benefits: (1) Inhibits UVB Induced Skin Erythema: (2) Delays UV Induced Skin Aging: (3) Anti-Irritational Activity: (1) Stimulates Collagen Synthesis (4) Suppresses Sebaceous Gland Activity: (4) Inhibits Hair Growth: (4) Skin Lightening Properties (5) Sun Care Skin Care - Creams and Lotions Skin Care - Post Sun Tanning Treatments Body Washes Hair Care Usage: 0.5%-1.0% continued on next page

74 References: 1. Wei, H., Bowen, R., Zhang, X., Lebwohi, Mark, "Isoflavone Genistein Inhibits the Initiation and Promotion of Two-Stage Skin Carcinogenesis in Mice", Carcinogenesis 1998 Vol 19 No 8 2. Wei, H. MD PhD, "Photoprotective action of isoflavone genistein: Models, Mechanisms, and relevance to Clinical Dermalology", Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 1998 Vol 39 No2 3. Kane, Janice Roma, "Assessing Phytoestrogens as Cosmetic Active Ingredients", Cosmetics/Personal Care CMR Focus Wei, H., Cai, Q., O.Rahn, R. "Inhibition of UV Light - and Fenton reaction - Induced Oxidative DNA Damage by the Soybean Isoflavone Genistein", Carcinogeneis 1996 Vol Kawai N., "Phytoestrogens: Applications of Soy Isoflavones in Skin Care", Cosmetics & Toiletries Magazine, 2003 Vol118 No5 6. Badreshia-Bansal, S, Draelos, Zoe Diana, "Insight into Skin Lightening Cosmeceuticals for Women of Color", Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 2007 Jan

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76 Botanical Profiles A M H B N O P (continued on next page)

77 Botanical Profiles W Q R Y S T V

78 ACACIA EXTRACT Acacia Senegal Extract extracted by macerating the flowers or bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small, deciduous, thorny tree, growing to 70 feet with a rounded crown, compound leaves and elongated spikes of pale yellow to cream-colored, fluffy flowers. Flower/Bark (Gum Arabic) Indigenous to the Nile area, Ethiopia, East Africa, Angola, Mozambique, South Africa, Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, India. Polysaccharides, Flavonoids, Glycoproteins, Mucilage, Flavonoids, Minerals Astringent, Nourishing, Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing, Healing, Skin Softening, Soothing Skin Care, Shampoo, Conditioner Gum Arabic, made from the hardened sap of the acacia tree, has nutritive, softening and soothing properties for skin. It is moisturizing, antibiotic and it promotes healing. Acacia is an important food in rural areas of Africa - during the time of the gum harvest the Moors of the desert are said to live almost entirely on it. In Ayurvedic medicine, acacia leaves, flowers, and pods have long been used to expel worms, to staunch bleeding and heal wounds. The flowers are sedating. The roots make a mucilaginous tea that is both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory.

79 AÇAI EXTRACT Euterpe Oleracea Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Açai palms are tall slender attractive palms growing to m tall, with pinnate leaves up to 3 m long and small, round, black-purple fruit with a single large seed about 7 10 mm in diameter. Fruit Açai Palms grow wild in the Brazilian Amazon and tropical forests in Central America. Anthocyanins, Amino Acids, Omega Fatty Acids, Vitamins (B, C, E), Ellagic Acid, Phytosterols, Minerals, Fiber Antibacterial, Anti-aging, Astringent, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Circulation, Nutritive, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Açai berry is considered to be one of the top superfoods in the world. Grown from a palm tree in the Amazon rainforest, the natives of Brazil call it the tree of life. The unique nutritional composition of açai berry with its anti-aging benefits help protect the body from free radicals and inflammation. The berries have twice the antioxidant capacity of blueberries, with powerful anthocyanins that maintain the body s vascular cardiac system for better blood circulation, as well as help strengthen capillary walls to restore skins radiant look and feel.

80 ACEROLA CHERRY EXTRACT Malpighia Glabra (Acerola) Fruit Extract A natural plant extract made by macerating the fruit. Our gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A small shrub with 5-petaled pink-white flowers. The fruit is a bright red cherry containing small seeds Native to the West Indies, it is now found in northern South America, Central America, Texas and Florida. Fruit Polyphenols (Proanthocyandin, Cyanidin-3-alpha-O-rhamnoside), Carotenoids, Bioflavonoids, Minerals, Vitamins (A, C), Fatty Acids Anti-Aging, Antioxidant, Astringent, Circulation, Healing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Acerola cherry is very nutritious and is cultivated for its high vitamin C content. Acerola berries have been used for many years in the Caribbean and in South America as a medicine for strengthening the immune system, fighting infections and for healing open wounds. Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant, it helps the body synthesize collagen, a fibrous protein that is key to making connective tissue and skin, it also helps heal wounds and protect the body from free radicals. Vitamin C and bioflavonoids work together to promote circulation and boost the immune system.

81 AGAVE EXTRACT Agave Americana Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A succulent perennial with large rosettes of sharply toothed leaves that reach a height of 6 feet. Clusters of yellow flowers bloom on a pole like stem. Leaf Native to the desert of Central America, it now grows in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. Isoflavonoids, Vitamins, Saponins, Inulin Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Healing Skin Care, Shampoo, Conditioner In Indian traditional medicine, the juice of this plant is used externally to heal bruises and contusions. The Aztecs and Maya, very skilled in wound healing, used the agave sap, often with egg white, to bind in pastes and poultices for wounds. An extract of the leaves lathers like soap.

82 ALFALFA EXTRACT Medicago Sativa (Alfalfa) Extract extracted by macerating the leaf. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Alfalfa is a perennial herb that grows to three feet. It has 3-lobed leaves and flowers that range in color from yellow to blue. Leaf Native to Asia, Europe and North Africa, alfalfa grows in temperate climates as a fodder crop and is harvested in summer. Isoflavones, Coumarins, Alkaloids Vitamins and Porphyrins. Nutritive, Cleansing, Antifungal, Antiinflammatory. Has a stimulating effect of the growth of supportive connective tissue cells. Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Also called Lucerne, Alfalfa is highly nutritive and has a high degree of chlorophyll for cleansing and purifying hair and body, inside and out. A high protein content also makes alfalfa perfect for hair conditioning. Alfalfa is rich in potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, chlorine and silicon all perfectly balanced. It also contains vitamins A, B, D, E and G and some important amino acids.

83 ALMOND EXTRACT Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The sweet almond tree grows to 30 feet, has dark colored bark, rose to white flowers in spring, and dryfleshed fruit with a pitted stone. Seed (Nut) Native to the warmer parts of North Asia and North Africa almond is often cultivated in countries bordering the Mediterranean. Ground Almonds or Almond Meal is high in skin loving nutrients and fat. Used as a facial and body scrub base to gently exfoliate rough, dry skin. Amygdalin, Protein Exfoliate Skin Care Almond Oil is a clear to very pale oil pressed from sweet almond seeds (kernels). Full of vitamins and minerals. From massage oils to lotions, creams to masks, almond oil is good for all skin types, especially dry, inflamed, or itchy skin. Tourles, Stephanie, Naturally Healthy Skin. Vermont: Storey Books, 1999 Vitamins, Minerals, Protein Moisturizing, Cleansing, Anti-Dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care

84 ALOE EXTRACT Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaf. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The aloe plant is a perennial with succulent leaves 2 feet long and a spike of yellow or orange flowers. Whole Leaf Africa, West Indies, Barbados Islands Anthraquinones (aloin, aloe-emodin), Fatty acids, Resins, Polysaccharides, Aloectin B, Prostaglandins, Salicylic acid, Saponins, Sterols, Vitamins, Minerals, Amino acids Antibacterial, Antiseptic, Emollient, Healing, Moisturizing, Soothing, Enhances Cellular Regeneration, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The gel found within the leaves of this plant has remarkable properties, including healing, soothing, antibacterial, antiseptic, emollient, and moisturizing qualities. Studies have shown aloe enhances cellular regeneration. The juice from aloe vera has been used as a shampoo, hair setting lotion, and conditioner, with remarkable results for both the hair and scalp. Diseases of the scalp are often treated directly with aloe vera juice. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

85 AMLA EXTRACT Phyllanthus Emblica Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Amla tree is a deciduous medium sized tree with gray black and reddish wood. The flowers and interior of the fruit are a greenishyellow and its small green fruit grow to about 1 inch in diameter. Fruit Amla grows most often in the Indian Himalayas, over four thousand feet above sea level. Flavonoids, Apigenin, Gallic Acid, Ellagic Acid, Quercetin, Vitamin C, Amino Acids, Copper, Zinc, Chromium Antioxidant, Anti-aging, Antiinflammatory, Healing, Anti-bacterial, Moisturizing, Skin Firming, Hair Shine Skin care, Shampoo, Conditioner Amla, is the Indian name and Amalaki is the Sanskrit name, meaning the sustainer. Amalaki is one of the three ingredients in the most widely used Ayurvedic formula Triphala, considered a general panacea for almost all imbalances. Triphala is excellent for detoxifying and rejuvenating the body. Ayurveda identifies amalaki to promote cellular rejuvenation, immune function, and increased vitality. Also called gooseberry, the berries, relatives of the currant family, are very nutritious, containing amino acids, proteins, vitamin C, and minerals. They boost calcium absorption to support thick, shiny and lustrous hair. They also retard premature graying, and strengthen hair follicles, resulting in less thinning with age. When applied topically, the berry rejuvenates, prevents infections, moisturizes, enhances glow and luster, as well as firms the skin.

86 ANGELICA EXTRACT Angelica Archangelica Root Extract extracted by macerating the root of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An aromatic biennial herb growing to 6 feet with ridged upright hollow stems, large bright green leaves, and greenish white flowers in umbels. Root Angelica grows in temperate regions as far apart as Western Europe, the Himalayas and Siberia. Albumen, Angelicia, Lignin, Tannin, Pectin, Phellandrene, Malic acid Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Boosts Circulation Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Archangelica is said to have been named after an angel who revealed the herb to a European monk as a curative. It has a long history of folk use in Europe, Russia, and among Native American tribes for its anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and anodyne (pain- relieving) properties. Externally, angelica has been used as an ointment to treat lice and skin disorders. As a bath additive, it is good for the nerves and for treating poor circulation. Angelica is used to help in the treatment of dull congested skin, irritation, nervous tension and stress related disorders.

87 STAR ANISE EXTRACT Illicium Verum Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Evergreen plant growing to 60 feet, with tapering leaves, pale greenish yellow flowers and star shaped segmented fruit (seed pods). Fruit Native to the China, India, and Vietnam, it now grows in tropical and subtropical regions including parts of North America. Volatile oil, Anethol, Methyl Chavicol, Safrole Antibacterial Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Native to China and Vietnam, star anise grows almost exclusively in southern China, Indo-China, and Japan. It was first introduced into Europe in the seventeenth century. Anise oil is reported to have a weak antibacterial activity. The German Commission E has approved the use of star anise seeds as a bronchial expectorant for coughs, irritations and congestion of the respiratory tract.

88 ANISE EXTRACT Pimpinella Anisum (Anise) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual that grows to 2 feet with feathery leaves, yellow flowers and ridged graygreen seeds. Fruit Native to the eastern Mediterranean, western Asia and North Africa, it is now cultivated for its fruit. Volatile oil (Anethol), Lipids, Mucilage, Minerals, Proteins, Sugar, Vitamins Hair growth, Nourishing, Prevents hair loss, Insecticide (head lice) Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Anise essential oil is emotionally balancing, dispels lethargy and helps the mind to focus. It is used as a relaxant and has been used for its beneficial effects on female hormone balance. It is used for flavoring toothpaste and mouthwash.

89 ANNATTO EXTRACT Bixa Orellana Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 25 feet with large leaves, pink or white flowers and red fruit capsules containing red seeds. Seed Native to tropical forests in the South and Central America, annatto is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia and India. Carotenoids (bixin, norbixin), Ellagic Acid, Tannins, Saponins, Sesquiterpenes, Salicylate Acid Astringent, Aphrodisiac, Antioxidant, Sun Protection Skin care, Shampoo, Conditioner Rainforest tribes have used the entire annetto plant as medicine for centuries - as body paint during festivities, as a fabric dye, and as a sunscreen and against insect bites. Annatto paste is used today as a natural dye for cloth and wool and in the cosmetic, and soap industries. Annatto oil is extracted from the seeds and is the main source of the pigments bixin and norbixin, which are classified as carotenoids. Bixin, used as a colorant in foods, is believed to have UV protection capabilities, and has been shown to have antioxidant and liver protective properties.

90 APPLE EXTRACT Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The apple tree has branches that have long shoots bearing leaves, fruit, and flowers. The leaves are dark green and glossy, and the flowers are produced in April and May. The fruit is harvested in the autumn. Fruit Native to Europe and now cultivated throughout the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Malic acid, Sugars, Pectin, Minerals, Vitamins Astringent, Acne, Cleansing, Exfolliate, Soothing for sensitive or acneic skin. Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Apples are rich in anti-aging antioxidants which prevent cell and tissue damage. They reduce wrinkles and help to keep the skin supple and elastic due to their abundant source of vitamin C. Vitamin C is necessary for collagen synthesis that forms the basic framework of the skin. Apples have a high fiber content that sweeps away toxins to promote clear, unblemished skin. It contains ingredients that can protect the skin from harmful UV rays. A Japanese study learned that apple may promote healthy hair growth due a compound known as procyanidin B-2. Apple is also excellent in hair rinses, giving golden highlights to hair.

91 APRICOT EXTRACT Prunus Armeniaca (Apricot) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the tree. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A sturdy deciduous tree growing to 30 feet with finely serrated oval leaves, clusters of white flowers and yellow to deep purple fruits. Fruit and Seeds Native to China and Japan, apricot is now cultivated in Asia, North Africa and California. Malic acid, Essential Fatty Acids, Sugars, Pectin, Minerals, Vitamins A,C & E, Potassium Antioxidant, Astringent, Acne, Cleansing, Exfoliate, Healing, Moisturizing, Elasticity, Nourishing, Skin Lightening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care For centuries, the fruit, kernels, oil and flowers of the apricot have been used in medicine. In China, a famous medicine known as 'Apricot Gold' was made from apricot kernels. Apricot seeds produce a rich emollient oil that helps skin retain moisture, and is good for all skin types, especially dry and sensitive skin. It helps skin retain it s elasticity, clarity, and suppleness, as it is rich in antioxidant vitamins A, C and E and essential fatty acids. Often apricot is used in baby products for its gentle quality and as a carrier oil for essential oils used in aromatherapy. It is also used for sedative, for healing wounds, and as a general tonic.

92 ARGAN EXTRACT Argania Spinosa Kernal Oil The Argan Tree is a thorny evergreen tree that grows up to 30ft high. The tree s lifespan can be over 200 years. A succulent perennial with clusters of yellow flowers, the fruits of the Argan tree are green, the inside a hard shell nut. The nut can contain up to three kernels from which the argan oil is extracted. Fruit Argon is found only in the South Western part of Morocco, close to the Sahara desert. Essential Fatty Acids, Vitamin E, Squalene Antioxidant, Moisturizing, Softening, Anti-wrinkle, Healing, Acne, Antiinflammatory Skin care, Shampoo, Conditioner Argan is known to diminish wrinkles, reduce scarring, and to balance sebum production to clear acne. Argan oil is traditionally used for skin, nail, and hair care, cooking, massage and healing. It has an amazing amount of active ingredients that provide skin and body with the nutrients it needs to maintain a healthy radiance. Rich in antioxidants, it has almost twice as much vitamin E as olive oil. It contains eight essential fatty acids that moisturize by protecting cellular integrity and cell fluidity. Essential fatty acids play a vital role in the formation of prostaglandin; a natural anti-inflammatory, that reduces pain, swelling, and inflammation, while also stimulating blood circulation. Argan oil contains squalene, a unique and rare component which is suggested to protect against skin cancer.

93 ARNICA EXTRACT Arnica Montana Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Arnica is a perennial that grows to 1 foot. It has downy egg-shaped leaves and bright yellow daisy-like flowers. Flowers Indigenous to central Europe s woods and mountain pastures. Sesquiterpene lactones, Flavonoids, Helenalin, Dehydrohelenalin, Fatty acids Mucilage, Polysccharides, Volatile oil (thymol), Alpha-hydroxy acids (lactic, malic) Anti-dandruff, Acne, Anti-inflammatory, Antibiotic, Cleansing, Hair Growth (Circulation), Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Arnica is an anti-inflammatory, pain reliever and a local antibiotic used in liniments and creams for dislocations, sprains, bruises, chilblains, and varicose ulcers. It helps to prevent bruising and swelling after traumatic skin injuries. Arnica is touted by many as the best healer for bruises and black and blue marks. Arnica helps stimulate the hair follicles. D Amelio, Frank S. Sr. Botanicals A Phytocosmetic Desk Reference. New York. CRC Press, 1999

94 ARTICHOKE EXTRACT Cymara Scholymus (Artichoke) Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial herb growing to 5 feet with large thistle like leaves, and large purple-green flower heads. Leaves Native to the Mediterranean region, artichoke thrives in rich soil in warm temperate climates. Cynaropicrin, Cynarin, caffeoylquinic acids, Inulin, Luteolin Anti-oxidant, Circulation, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Artichoke has been used as a spring tonic for centuries. Known for its detoxifying effect on the body, artichoke has been used to lower cholesterol and increase circulation. As a diuretic, it can be used in cellulite treatment and for varicose veins. It also contains chlorogenic acid, a powerful antioxidant.

95 ASHWAGANDHA EXTRACT Withania Somnifera Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A stout shrub growing to 5 feet with oval leaves and greenish or yellow flowers. Root Found in India, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. Alkaloids, Withanolides, Iron Anti-oxidant, Anti-stress, Immune Stimulating, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti- Aging, Aphrodisiac Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Also known in English as winter cherry, ashwagandha is one of the most valuable herbs in the Ayurvedic medical system. Held in high regard by generations of people for its ability to increase vitality, energy, endurance and stamina, promote longevity and strengthen the immune system. This herb has the ability to nurture the nervous system and counteract anxiety and stress to promote a calm state of mind. It has powerful anti-inflammatory properties and is easily the most potent tonic aphrodisiacs in the entire botanical kingdom.

96 AVOCADO EXTRACT Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the avocado. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The avocado tree is an evergreen growing to 70 feet, with dark green, leathery leaves and white flowers. Fruit Indigenous to Central America, the avocado is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas. Essential fatty Acid s, Protein, Beta Carotene, Sesquiterpenes, Vitamins The pulp is Cooling and Soothing to the skin. Cleansing, Healing, Emollient, and Nourishing. Applied to the scalp it stimulates hair growth, Sunscreen Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Avocado is high in vitamins A, B and C as well as minerals, and is an excellent emollient and moisturizer for hair and skin. Avocado is softening and soothing to skin and has excellent absorption qualities. It contains proteins, lecithin, beta-carotene and more than twenty percent essential unsaturated fatty acids. It is also high in sterolins, which are reputed to reduce age spots, help heal sun damage and scars. Among eight plant oils, avocado oil proved the most effective sunscreen.

97 AWAPUHI EXTRACT Hedychium Coronarium Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This perennial with thick tuberous rhizomes grows up to 1 meter high. It has aerial stalks topped with fragrant white flowers that resemble butterflies. Root Native to Hawaii, and is cultivated in the tropics. Hair Cleansing, Volume, Shine Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care. In old Hawaii, the skin lotion and hair shampoo used was the juice from the Awapuhi blossom now called the Shampoo Ginger. This hair and body cleanser contributes to the lovely soft skin and glistening hair of the Hawaiian wahine. www. Charles Island Secret.com

98 BAMBOO EXTRACT Bambusa Vulgaris Extract extracted by macerating the roots and leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perennial tree growing to 30 feet with multiple stems growing from its base. The leaves are narrow and pointy with very long loose clusters of yellow green flowers. Roots, Leaves Found throughout tropical Asia, especially in India and China, it thrives up to 7,000 feet above sea level. Silica Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Hair Growth, Strengthening, Healing, Moisturizing, Toning, Volumizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Bamboo leaves contain high levels of natural silica, a structural element that plays an essential role in the organization of connective tissue. Silica improves the over all health of hair including growth, healing, strengthening and volumizing. Various parts of the bamboo plant are used in Indian and Ayurvedic medicine, the root is considered astringent and cooling. Bamboo is a superb healer and an excellent exfoliate that nourishes dry skin. The liquid from the bamboo plant called "bamboo tears acts as an effective moisturizer. Bamboo helps to tone skin, encourage healing, and diminish inflammation. It is also believed to have aphrodiasic properties. Bamboo stems are known to bring one Good Fortune.

99 BANANA EXTRACT Musa Sapientum (Banana) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The evergreen, palm like perennial grows to 28 feet with large shiny leaves, hanging flowering stems and bunches of elongated green fruit that turn yellow on ripening. Fruit Native to India and Southeast Asia, they are extensively cultivated in tropical regions. Vitamins (A,B,C), Minerals (Potassium) Moisturizing, Nutritive, Softening, Hair Smoothing, Strengthening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Bananas not only make great skin hydrators, they also can improve the health and natural elasticity of your hair. These tropical fruits lubricate the hair, leaving it feeling soft and more manageable says Joel Warren, owner of Warren-Tricomi Salon in New York City. Bananas are also rich in potassium, which strengthens the hair, making it the perfect remedy for all the damage inflicted by processing treatments like coloring and straightening. Beauty Secrets of Hawaiian Spas; Shape; 2003

100 BAOBAB EXTRACT Adansonia Digitata Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Baobab tree can live up to 1000 years. It can grow up to 60 ft high and 9 meters in diameter with compound leaves, white flowers and fruit that is shaped like a football. Bark/Fruit African savannah Omega Fatty Acids, Proteins, Potassium, Calcium, Zinc. Iron, Vitamins A,D,E Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Skin Firming, Moisturizing, Skin Softening, Skin Elasticity Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The Baobab tree is also known as known as the Tree of Life. Baobab trees survive prolonged droughts by storing up to 30,000 gallons of water in its massive, fibrous, sponge-like trunk. To access this water, the Kalahari bushmen use hollow pieces of grass to suck the water out. Hollowed out baobab trunks in the vicinity of villages are used for water storage. Baobab leaf and bark extracts tighten and tone the skin, they help improve skin firmness and strength by boosting the elastic quality of the skin. Baobab fruit and oil moisturize, diminish facial lines, and even out skin tone. The oil encourages skin cell regeneration with vitamins A, D and E.

101 BASIL EXTRACT Ocimum Basilicum (Basil) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This annual or short lived perennial has square stems, toothed leaves with a strong, fresh, clove-like scent, and small, white, late-summer flowers. Leaves Native to India, over 150 varieties grow throughout the world. Volatile Oil (d-linalool, methyl chavicol) Protein, Carbohydrates, Vitamins (A, D) Anti-bacterial, Antiseptic, Cleansing, Detangle, Hair Growth, Nourishing, Soothing, Purifying, Stimulating, Insect Repellent, Split Ends, Toning Shampoo, Hair Conditioner and Detangler, Skin Care East India s Ayurvedic medicine places basil poultices on itching skin, ringworm, and acne, as well as poisonous insect bites. Keville, Kathi. Herbs An Illustrated Encyclopedia. New York: Michael Friedman, 1997 This aromatic herb, a member of the mint family, is soothing, purifying and stimulating. It is an effective hair conditioner and detangler. Claims have been made that it is a hair growth stimulant. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

102 BEARBERRY EXTRACT Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Bearberry is a low lying evergreen shrub growing to 20 inches with long trailing stems, dark green glossy leaves, bell shaped pink flowers and small red berries. Leaves Native to Europe, it is naturalized throughout the northern hemisphere. It prefers damp conditions in undergrowth and grassland. Hydroquinone Glucosides (Arbutin, Methyl Arbutin), Berberine, Gallic Acids, Flavonoids, Tannins Astringent, Antibacterial, Circulatory Stimulant, Skin lightening Shampoo, Skin Care Bearberry, the bear s grape also known as uva-ursi, has a history of medicinal use dating back to the 2nd century. It has been used for the treatment of bladder related infections and as an astringent wash for cuts and scrapes. The leaf contains hydroquinone derivatives, arbutin and methyl arbutin, with skin whitening properties. These derivatives inhibit melanin production in human melanocytes by reducing tyrosinase (enzyme) activity. Bearberry is also used externally to treat scar tissue and freckles, brighten skin and even out skin tone.

103 BEET ROOT EXTRACT Beta Vulgaris (Beet) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial with an edible red or white root, upright shoots, large deep green leaves tinged with red, and spikes of green-petaled flowers. Root Sea beet is native to coastal regions of Europe, North Africa and Asia. Varieties of red beet are cultivated worldwide. White beet is used as a source of sugar. Anthocyanin (Betaine) Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidant, Antidandruff, Hair loss, Nutritive, Red Highlights Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Known for centuries as a healing herb, Beet Root was used as a blood cleanser and as a soother for rheumatic conditions. It was also used for dandruff treatments and hair loss. Applied to the skin, it is cooling and anti-inflammatory. Considered very nutritious, beet root is a source of anti-oxidants and has been shown to enhance the immune system. The deep red juice of Beet Root can be used to color cold-processed soap and other cosmetics. As a hair rinse, it adds highlights to red or dark red hair.

104 BERGAMOT EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 30 feet with pointed oval leaves, highly scented white flowers and fruit with aromatic peel. Peel Native to tropical Asia, bergamot is cultivated in sub-tropical regions, especially in southern Italy. Volatile Oil, Limonene, Linalool, Bergapten Acne, Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Insect repellent Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The bergamot tree is named after the Italian city of Bergamot where it was first grown. The wonderfully refreshing and renewing oil is still grown in southern Italy and some parts of Africa. Oil from bergamot has been used for many years as a supplement and treatment for a wide range of conditions such as fevers, skin and mouth problems as well as respiratory conditions. Perhaps bergamot oil's most recognized claim to fame is to flavor Earl Grey tea. Bergamot can both soothe and invigorate, it is a bright, cheerful, uplifting oil, used to treat depression or anxiety. Because of its regenerative qualities, it is an excellent oil for the skin, especially acne. Bergamot is an effective deodorizer, which makes it a superb choice for scenting a room

105 BILBERRY EXTRACT Vaccinium Myrtillus Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous shrub that grows to 16 inches with erect multibranched stems, pointed oval leaves, small white or pink flowers and spherical berries that ripen to purple-black. Fruit Native to Europe and North America, it thrives in heath land, on moors and in moist undergrowth. Anthocyanosides, Vitamins Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Antiinflammatory, Astringent, Promotes collagen synthesis, Improves microcirculation and capillary strength Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Bilberry has been used for nearly 1,000 years in traditional European medicine. The medicinal properties of the fruits and leaves have been known since the middle Ages when the berries were used for their astringent, tonic and antiseptic properties. Bilberry is often said to improve night vision, and the story is told of RAF pilots in World War Two using bilberry for that purpose. Bilberry has demonstrated in numerous studies the ability to protect capillary structures, enhancing their strength and supporting their integrity due to the strong antioxidant properties of its anthocyanidin flavonoids. This property has proven useful in strengthening veins and for alleviating bruising.

106 BIRCH EXTRACT Betula Alba (Birch) Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The White Birch tree grows feet and forms an open, narrow roundtopped head. The bark is smooth and white, and peels in thin layers. Bark White Birch of Europe has been introduced to Canada and northern parts of the U.S. Triterpenes (Betulene, Betulenol), Salicylic acid, Methyl Salicylate Astringent, Analgesic, Antiseptic, Antiwrinkle, Antioxidant, Cellulite, Moisturizing, Stimulant, Tonic, UV protection, Skin Lightening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Derived from the bark of the white birch tree, birch extract is believed to help decrease the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by maintaining skin s collagen and elastin levels. It inhibits the enzyme elastase to prevent/correct the loss of elastic fibers responsible for skin suppleness, and it stimulates collagen synthesis. Triterpenes found in birch extract have been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Birch bark inhibits melanogenesis, which lightens skin and improves skin tone and clarity as well as protects skin against sun damage.

107 BITTER ORANGE EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Amara (Bitter Orange) Peel Extract extracted by macerating the peel of the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 30 feet with leathery dark green leaves, delicately perfumed white flowers and orange fruit. Peel Native to eastern Africa, Arabia and Syria, now cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics. Essential Oil, (Limonine, Linalool, Nerol, Geraniol, Coumarins, Triterpenes), Vitamin C, Carotene, Pectin Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Also called the Seville Orange, the essential oil of bitter orange peel with its flavonoids and vitamins is a mild sedative, aids dermatitis, oily skin and is good for cellulite. It is relaxing, relieves nervous tension and cold like symptoms. Its sweating action speeds out toxins in congested skin and helps prevent dry skin, wrinkles and dermatitis. It is also used in compresses to open pores. Bitter orange peel with its high vitamin C content helps maintain healthy blood cells and increases resistance to infections.

108 BLACK COHOSH ROOT EXTRACT Cimicifuga Racemosa Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An herbaceous perennial growing to 8 feet with creamy white flower spikes. Properties: Root Native to Canada and the eastern states of the US, it prefers shady spots in woods and shrubby areas. Triterpene glycosides (Actein, Cimicifugoside), Isoflavones (Formononetin), Salicylic Acid Sedative, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial Black cohosh has long been used by Native Americans for female problems. It is recognized today for its well-established estrogenic action and used for menstrual pain and menopausal symptoms.

109 BLACKCURRANT EXTRACT Ribes Nigrum (Blackcurrant) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The blackcurrant is an annual shrub, growing to 2 meters, with greenish white flowers and shiny black globular berries. Fruit Native to the temperate regions of Europe, Asia and the Himalayas, currants grow best in regions with humid summers and great winter chilling. Flavonoids, Anthocyanins, Carotenoids, Polysaccharides, Pectin, Vitamins (A,C,E), Minerals (Potassium) Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Promotes collagen synthesis, Improves microcirculation and capillary strength Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Hailed as a superfood, blackcurrants are packed with vitamin C and antioxidants including anthocyanins and vitamin E. Blackcurrant seed contains omega-6-fatty acid, which improves circulation, reduces inflammation, and maintains elasticity in skin. Essential fatty acids are hydrating and reconditioning to hair, they are useful for treating dandruff, itchy scalp and dry hair. In Europe, linolenic acids (essential 6 fatty acids) are commonly used for eczema, arthritis, psoriasis, acne and rosacea. Beauty benefits associated with essential fatty acids are the ability to soothe skin, promote healing and regulate water loss.

110 BLACK PEPPER EXTRACT Piper Nigrum (Black Pepper) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A perennial woody climber growing to about 15 feet with large oval leaves, spikes of small white flowers, and clusters of small round fruits, which ripen from green to red. Fruit Native to southwestern India, pepper is now cultivated in tropical areas around the world. Volatile oil, (beta bisabolene, camphene, beta-caroophyllene), Alkaloids (peperine), Protein, Minerals Stimulant, Antibacterial, Antiseptic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In ancient times, black pepper was so valuable it was often used as currency, and it was not unusual to see black pepper offered as a sacrifice to the gods. Warming to the body, black pepper acts as a stimulant on the digestive tract and the circulatory system. It has antiseptic and antibacterial properties and the essential oil is known to ease rheumatic pain and toothache.

111 BLACK TEA EXTRACT Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The tea plant ranges in height from about 3 to 40 feet and has small, shiny, dark green leaves. The small, fragrant flowers have white petals, and the fruits contain one round, pale brown seed. Black tea undergoes a fermentation whereby enzymes convert certain constituents. Leaves Native to Asia, and grows in a variety of climates throughout the world. Polyphenolic Flavonoids (theaflavins, thearubigins), Esters (quercitin, myricetein) Tannins, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids (caffein, theobromine, and theophylline) Properties: Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Sunburn Protection, Skin Soothing, Astringent Primary Uses: Skin Care, Sun Care, Hair Care Tea contains several potent and protective antioxidant vitamins and phytochemicals for skin health. The most important of these are vitamins C & E, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Black Tea undergoes a fermentation process that converts simple flavonoids to more complex varieties called theaflavins and thearubigins. Tea has been proven to have topical anti-inflammatory benefits.

112 BLUEBERRY EXTRACT Vaccinium Angustifolium (Blueberry) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous bush that grows to 10 feet with bright bluish green leaves and reddish bell shaped flowers. The fruit is a sweet juicy blue-black berry. Fruit Native to North America, it is frequently found along lakes or ponds and open area of the woods. Maine is the largest producer of cultivated blueberries. Flavonoids, Anthocyanins, Carotenoids, Ellagic acid, Vitamins (A,C,E), Minerals (Potassium, Calcium), Folic acid, Tannins Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Promotes collagen synthesis, Improves microcirculation and capillary strength Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Prized among the indigenous people of North America for its medicinal and nutritive value, blueberries are one of the most potent antioxidant foods. Anthocyanin gives blueberries their color and offers both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Blueberries are known to strengthen capillaries and increase microcirculation. They help smooth the skin and complexion and reverse some of the effects of UV damage. This berry has a high level of Vitamin C, which acts as an antioxidant and helps stimulate collagen fiber production within the dermis.

113 BORAGE EXTRACT Borago Officinalis Extract extracted by macerating the aerial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual growing to 2 feet, with a pulpy stem, large basal leaves and blue flowers. Aerial Parts Originating in Syria, borage is naturalized throughout the Mediterranean region, as well as most of Europe, North Africa, and Iran. Alkaloids, Allantoin, Fatty Acids, (Gamma Linolenic Acid), Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid, Mucilage, Saponins Anti-inflammatory, Healing, Emollient, Moisturizer, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Borage oil is a little known secret for keeping skin healthy. Used for over 1500 years, it is a natural oil that restores moisture and smoothness to dry and damaged skin. The great value of the oil is that it is the richest known source (24%) of an essential fatty acid called gamma linolenic acid (GLA). Not only is borage oil excellent for skin when taken internally, but there is evidence showing that when applied topically to skin, borage oil is effective for treating skin disorders and for alleviating the inflammatory symptoms associated with these disorders. For everyday use, borage oil has been shown to be very effective in treating redness, inflammation and moisture loss associated with dry skin.

114 BOXWOOD EXTRACT Buxus sempervirens (Boxwood) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Boxwood is an evergreen shrub with small, yellow-green flowers in the spring, berries with black seeds, and leafy stems with a distinctive scent. Leaves Native to Europe and North America, Boxwood prefers acid soils Alkaloids (buxine, buxozine C ), Lipids, Tannins Hair growth Shampoo, Conditioner The wood chips are boiled and applied to dye the hair a rich auburn color. The extract supposedly makes an excellent hair restorer. The leaves contain buxine, which is known to stimulate the hair nerves around the follicle and is said to promote hair growth. D Amelio, Sr., Frank S. Botanicals a Phytocosmetic Desk Reference. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999

115 BRAZIL NUT EXTRACT Bertholletia Excelsa Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Brazil Nut tree is one of the largest trees of the Amazon region, its diameter can reach 12 ft, and height up to 160 ft. The fruit is a large spherical woody capsule or pod that measures an average of six inches in diameter and can weigh up to 5 pounds. Inside each fruit pod is 12 to 25 Brazil nuts with their own individual shell. Seed They occur as scattered trees in large forests on the banks of the Amazon, Rio Negro, and the Orinoco in Bolivia, Peru, the Guianas, Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia. Selenium, Magnesium, Thiamine Nutritive, Antioxidant (Selenium), Emollient, Healing, Moisturizing, Softening, Cleansing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Brazil nut oil is often used in soaps, shampoos and hair conditioning and repair products. It is a wonderful hair conditioner, bringing shine, silkiness, malleability and softness to hair. It provides stabilizing detergent properties and helps keep hair clean. Often found in skin care products, it is a wonderful moisturizer, it lubricates skin, provides antioxidant benefits, and leaves skin soft

116 BUCHU EXTRACT Barosma Betulina Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This bushy shrub grows up to 6 feet with stemless, slightly leathery leaves dotted with oil glands. Leaves Native to South Africa where it is widely cultivated on hillsides. The plants thrive on the cool mountain slopes at high altitudes. Volatile Oil (pulegone, menthone, diosphenol, Sulfer compounds, Flavonoids (diosmin, rutin), Mucilage Antiseptic, Stimulant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Buchu was used for its natural anti-septic and anti-bacterial properties by the San and Khoi Tribes of Southern Africa for treating wounds and skin ailments. It was introduced to the early settlers of South Africa in the 17th Century and has since been used to treat many ailments such as rheumatic arthritis, swelling, bruises, sprains and open wounds.

117 BURDOCK ROOT EXTRACT Arctium Lappa Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Burdock is a biennial with stems that grow to 5 feet. It has red-purple flower heads, and hooked burrs. Root Native to Europe and Asia, burdock now grows in temperate regions throughout the world. Bitter Glycosides (arctiopicrin), Flavonoids (arctiin), Polyacetylenes, Biotin, Tannins, Volatile oil Astringent, Anti-Inflammatory, Acne, Antibacterial, Antiseptic, Anti-dandruff, Anti-itch, Cleansing, Hair Growth, Nourishing, Skin Toning, Purifying Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Burdock root has been used to promote healthy skin, and heal skin impurities for over 3,000 years. In the European capitals, burdock was always the plant of choice when it came to improving the skin, and when colonials moved on to the New World, the burrcovered plant went with them. In the Appalachian woods of North America, burdock was, and still is, made into root tea to clear poor complexions. It has been a classic blood purifier for several hundred years. Burdock is mineral rich, smoothing to the skin, and promotes hair growth. It contains articiin, biotin, copper, essential oils, inulin, iron, manganese, sulfur, tannins, zinc, as well as vitamins B1, B6, B12 and E.

118 BUTCHERS BROOM EXTRACT Ruscus Aculeatus Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This bushy evergreen perennial grows to 3 feet. It has leaf like leathery branches with a terminal spine, greenish white flowers and shiny red berries. Root Found throughout much of Europe, western Asia, and North Africa. Flavonoids, Glycolic Acid, Rutin, Mucilage, Ruscoside, Saponins, Triterpenes Antiseptic, Astringent, Skin redness, Increases Circulation, Anti-inflammatory, Cellulite, Skin Lightening, Varicose Vein Treatment Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The plant s name comes from its use as a broom in butchers shops in Europe up until the 20 th century. Its therapeutic properties are used in skin care to increase circulation, reduce edema, reduce swelling and to act as an anti-inflammatory all very useful when fighting cellulite. This herb is used to strengthen weak blood vessels, for fragility of veins and may be capable of curing varicose veins and surface veins. Butcher s broom is also used in skin care to reduce facial redness.

119 CACTUS EXTRACT Cereus Grandiflorus (Cactus) Extract extracted by macerating the stem and flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A fleshy, creeping shrub with cylindrical branching stems and clusters of small spines in radiated forms. Vanilla scented white flowers emerge from the clusters of spines, expand in the evening and last for 6 hours. The orange red ovate fruit is covered with scaly tubercles. The plant contains a milky acrid juice. Cactus is native to tropical America, the West Indies, and Mexico Stem, Flower Alkaloids (Cactine), Flavonoids, Resins Healing, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory, Nourishing, Softening Skin care The Death Valley Shoshone called this plant 'pain in the heart', and used it to treat angina-like pains. Several groups of Native Americans use the stem to treat diabetes. Cactus plants are becoming increasingly influential in the cosmetics industry due to their beautifying benefits. Known to treat inflammation and pain, the soothing properties of cactus relieve dry and sensitive skin. Clinical studies indicate that while rich in antioxidants and phytonutrients, cactus can improve skin softness, and has anti-aging properties. These antioxidants and phytonutrients also promote wound healing, and improve the skin s texture and appearance.

120 CALENDULA EXTRACT Calendula Officinalis Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Calendula is an annual that grows to 2 feet. It produces vivid orange flowers. Flowers Native to the Mediterranean countries, calendula is now cultivated in temperate regions around the world. Flavonoid glycosides (isoquercitrin, narcissin, neohesperidoside, and rutin), Terpenoids (lupeol, longispinogenin), and Sterols, Volatile Oils, Arvosida A, Carotenoid pigments, Calendulin, and Polysaccharides. Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Cleansing, Softening and Soothing for hair and scalp. Red and blond highlights, Reduces oil, Healing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Calendula has been used for centuries as a medicinal, culinary, and magical herb. This flowering herb promotes healing and has a long history of use as a wound-healing and skin-soothing botanical. Good for sensitive skin, calendula is soothing for sunburns, cuts, scrapes, dry and chapped hands, and minor burns. It is an emollient with softening and soothing effects on hair and skin. It is also cleansing and astringent. In a hair rinse, it enhances the color of yellow and light red hair.

121 CAMELLIA FLOWER/LEAF/SEED EXTRACT Camellia Japonica Extract extracted by macerating the flower, leaf or seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen shrub growing to 20 feet, with glossy leaves and beautiful flowers. The fruit is a capsule that contains a big oleaginous seed. Properties: Primary Uses: Flower/Leaf/Seed Camellia is a genus originating mainly from China and South East Asia. Triterpene alcohols, Essential Fatty Acids, Saponins (camellidin), Oleic acid Triglycerides, Vitamin E Antioxidant, Moisturizing, Skin and Hair Softening, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive Skin Care, Hair Care Camellia Japonica is prized for its lovely winter flowers and glossy evergreen leaves. The beauty secret of the Geishas, camellia oil has been recognized for centuries in Asia for its highly restorative and rejuvenating effect on skin, scalp and for its hair conditioning properties. Camellia Seed Oil, also known as Tea Oil, is cold pressed from the seeds of Camellia oleifera (most often) and also japonica. The seed oil is said to be rich in antioxidants including Vitamin E and essential fatty acids. The leaf has been shown in vitro to be potent antioxidant and also able to inhibit the expression of collagen-depleting MMP-1 when applied to human fibroblast cells (Source: Journal of Cosmetic Science, January/February 2007

122 CAMU CAMU EXTRACT Myrtaceae Dubia Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A low growing tree that grows to a height of 2-3 meters and has large, feathery leaves. It produces round, light orange colored fruit the size of a lemon. Its small flowers have waxy white petals and a sweet smelling aroma. Indigenous to the Amazon rainforest grown in swampy or flooded areas. Fruit Vitamin C, Beta carotene, Calcium, Amino Acids, Vitamins, Minerals Antioxidant, Anti-Aging Skin care Camu-camu fruit has the highest recorded amount of natural vitamin C known on the planet. It is beneficial for skin care, in particular for anti-aging (for its antioxidant, mineral, and vitamin content). Not only does it have an extremely high content of ascorbic acid and anthocyanins but also its flavonolglycosides contribute to the overall antioxidant capacity of camu-camu fruit pulp. Traditionally camu-camu was used to promote healthy gums, eyes, and skin and support the functions of the brain (nervous system) and heart (circulatory system) as well as for its energizing, mood-lifting effects.

123 CAPSICUM EXTRACT Capsicum Frutescens Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A perennial, spiky shrub growing to 3 feet with scarlet-red conical fruits filled with white seeds. Native to the tropical Americas, it is now cultivated throughout the tropics, especially in Africa and India. Fruit Capsaicin, Carotenoids, Flavonoids, Volatile oil, Vitamins, Minerals Stimulant, Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Increases blood flow to the skin, Pain relief Skin care Native Americans have used cayenne as both food and medicine for at least 9,000 years. The hot and spicy taste of cayenne pepper is primarily due to its capsaicin. Cayenne has been successfully used to treat topical pain and itching along with having the ability to help desensitize sensitive skin. Capsaicin has shown promise in the treatment of many chronic skin conditions including acne and eczema. A natural inflammatory agent, capsaicin also reduces puffiness while helping to increase blood flow near the surface of the skin. Cayenne helps to stimulate the circulation in rheumatic and arthritic conditions, aiding the removal of waste products and increasing the flow of nutrients to the tissues. It has a very high source of vitamins A and C, and the complete B complexes, and is very rich in organic calcium and potassium.

124 CARDAMOM EXTRACT Elettaria Cardamomum Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial growing to 15 feet with mauve-marked, white flowers and very long, lance-shaped leaves. Seed Native to southern India and Sri Lanka, where it grows abundantly in forests at 2,500-5,000 ft above sea level. Volatile oil, (borneol, camphor, pinene, humulene, caryophyllene, carvone, eucalyptole, terpinene, sabinene) Antibacterial, Antiviral, Aphrodisiac, Stimulant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Cardamom is a pungent, warm, aromatic herb that has expectorant, stimulating, tonic effects and is reputed to have aphrodisiac qualities. The monoterpenes found in the oil contained in the seeds have antibacterial, and antiviral properties. The essential oil of cardamom is used for its uplifting and invigorating properties and helps digestion and nausea. Cardamom was well known in ancient times, the Egyptians used it in perfumes and incense and chewed it to whiten their teeth.

125 CARROT EXTRACT Daucus Carota Sativa (Carrot) Root Extract extracted by macerating the seed and root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A summer annual herb with an erect stem growing to 3 feet, feathery leaves, small white flowers and flat green seeds. Wild carrot is native to Europe and cultivated subspecies are grown around the world. Seed and Root Seeds: Flavonoids, asarone, carotol, pinene, limonene, Root: sugars, pectin, carotene, vitamins, minerals, asparagine Antioxidant, Anti-aging, Anti-acne, Antiseptic, Cleansing, Healing, Moisturizing, Nutritive, UV Protection Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Carrot improves the complexion, adding tone and elasticity to give a more youthful appearance. An all around "skin" blend, it improves skin tone and has moisturizing properties. Carrot is healing, and helps scarring. Used for moisturizing and conditioning hair, carrot contains beta-carotene, a natural antioxidant, which is believed to reduce the damaging effects of UV rays. Studies show that adding beta-carotene to people's diets darkens skin pigmentation (coloring) and reduces the number of sunburnt cells.

126 CASHMERE EXTRACT INCI Names: Application: Hydrolized Wool Water Soluble Keratin Oil Soluble Cashmere is the underdown shed annually by Pashmina goats. The goats have a coarse outer hair that repels the weather, under that outer coat lies a much finer fiber, cashmere, which insulates these animals from the bitter cold. The goat hair is collected after shearing. China, Mongolia, India, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkey Proteins Moisturizing, Softening, Conditioning Skin care, Hair care Cashmere extract belongs to the class of proteins extracted from goat hair. Goats have two layers of hair and the softer, inner hair is what we know as cashmere. The technical name for this ingredient is hydrolyzed keratin (sometimes called hydrolyzed wool). The largest source of cashmere is China where the goats live in the high, dry plateaus surrounding the Gobi Desert. The harsh geography of the Gobi Desert supports a very limited number of goats. It takes one of these rare goats four years to grow enough cashmere for one sweater. Each goat is combed by hand every spring. Then the fleece is collected and sorted by hand.

127 CAT S CLAW EXTRACT Uncaria Tomentosa Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A large woody vine that derives its name from hook-like thorns that grow along the vine and resemble the claws of a cat. It can reach over 30 meters high into the canopy and produces small yellowish flowers. Indigenous to the Amazon rainforest and other tropical areas of South and Central America. Bark Oxidole Alkaloids, Quinovic Acid Glycosides, Catechins, Procyanidins, Carboxyl Alkyl Esters, Sterols Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Cell Repairing, Healing, Antiviral, Antimicrobial Skin care Native to Central and South America, cat s claw has been used for hundreds of years in traditional folk medicine to treat a variety of health complaints. In the Peruvian Amazon, the Ashanica Indians used it to aid the body's natural defense system as well as cleanse and soothe the intestinal tract. Studies show that cats claw has powerful antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects that support DNA repair, joint health, immune function, normal cell division and reduce skin cell death from UV exposure. When applied topically it accelerates the healing of wounds.

128 GOLDEN WHITE CAVIAR EXTRACT Extract Coregonus Clupeaformis Extract A natural extract, precisely extracted by macerating fish eggs. This gentle traditional European method doesn t damage the constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Whitefish roe has an iridescent bright golden hue, a small, crisp bead and a flavor that is slightly sweet and clean. Native to the great lakes of North America. Roe Vitamins, Minerals, Omega Fatty Acids Nourishing, Anti-aging, Moisturizing Skin care Golden white caviar is the processed, salted roe of the whitefish, native to the great lakes of North America. Useful for improving the health and appearance of maturing skin, caviar extract is said to be an ideal additive to repair skin damage. Caviar strengthens and repairs the important cell barrier functions and also stimulates cellular metabolism. It is easily absorbed and is especially effective in moisturizing the delicate tissues around the eyes. It is highly appreciated for its components, including a high mineral and vitamin content, an excellent source of B vitamins and is a good source of iron.

129 CENTAURY EXTRACT Centaurium Erythraea Extract extracted by macerating the the whole herb. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small annual plant that grows 3-12 inches with pale green oval leaves and small star like rose colored flowers. The whole plant Centaury is native to Europe and North Africa. Secoiridoids, Alkaloids, Phenolic Acids, Triterpenes Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Skin Brightening, Healing, Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Traditionally, centaury was used as a panacea, and was recommended for virtually any medical condition or disorder. According to legend, centaury was named because of the mythical centaur Chironia who cured a poison arrow wound with the herb. Because it is so bitter, the ancient Romans called it the 'bile of the earth', and the Anglo-Saxons named it feverwort because they used it to treat fevers and snake bites. Used in cosmetics for its soothing and astringent properties, centaury may be applied topically to the face to clear blemishes and soften the skin it helps to even out skin tones and fade freckles, age and sun spots.

130 CHAMOMILE EXTRACT Anthemis Nobilis Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Chamomile is a sweet aromatic annual growing to 2 feet with finely cut leaves and white daisy like flower heads. Flowers Chamomile grows wild and is cultivated in much of Europe and other temperate regions. Azulene, Farnesene, Cuminic, Bisabolol, Chamazulene, Flavonoids Apigenin, Luteolin Anti-inflammatory, Anti-bacterial, Antiitch, Anti dandruff, Cleansing, Conditioning, Healing, Moisturizing, Softening, Blond and Red Highlights, Soothing, Reduces pore size Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care One of the most popular herbs in the world, chamomile has a long history of use as a cosmetic herb. Ancient Egyptians prized the herb for its healing properties. Its antiinflammatory and antiallergenic properties make it helpful for irritated skin, acne and rashes. Its phenolic derivatives have an antiseptic and healing quality, as well as soften the skin, making it an effective ingredient in anti-aging cosmetic products. It contains azulene which helps to reduce puffiness and cleanse pores. It s vasoconstrictive abilities aid the healing of unsightly facial capillaries. In addition, chamomile is also well known and valued for use as a rinse to condition hair and bring out the highlights of blonde hair.

131 CHASTEBERRY EXTRACT Vitex Agnus Castus Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A deciduous, aromatic tree growing to 22 feet, with palm shaped leaves ad small lilac flowers Native to the Mediterranean region and western Asia, it is cultivated in subtropical areas around the world. Fruit Volatile oil, Alkaloids, Flavonoids (Castican, Orientin, Isovitexin), Iridoid Glycosides (Agnuside, Aucubin) Antioxidant, Acne Skin care, Agnus Castus has been used since ancient times as a female remedy. During the Middle Ages, chasteberry s supposed effect on decreasing sexual desire led it to becoming a food spice at monasteries, where it was called Monk s pepper or Cloister pepper. Traditionally, it has been an important European remedy for controlling and regulating the female reproductive system. Today, it is used for hormone-related skin conditions such as acne and skin problems linked with the menstrual cycle.

132 SWEET CHERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Prunus Avium (Sweet Cherry) Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A deciduous tree growing to 28 feet with oval leaves, white flowers and spherical red fruit. Native to southwestern Asia, black cherry is naturalized in Europe and cultivated in temperate regions around the world. Fruit Flavonoids (Anthocyanins, Proanthocyanidin), Salicylates, Glycosides, Vitamins Antioxidant, Astringent, Antiinflammatory Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Cherries are a naturally rich source of flavonoids, natural compounds that contribute to the integrity of capillaries, collagen structures, eyes, joints, and arteries. The anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin flavonoids in cherries have antioxidant properties to help combat free radicals that can damage healthy cells. Black Cherry is a very strong anti-inflammatory. It is used to reduce redness in skin as it boosts the circulatory system.

133 WILD CHERRY BARK EXTRACT Prunus Serotina (Wild Cherry) Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A deciduous tree growing to 100 feet with elliptical leaves, white flowers and purple-black fruit. Native to North America, black cherry grows throughout much of the US. Bark Glycosides Astringent, Anti-inflammatory Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Wild black cherries were extensively used by native American Indians for their therapeutic properties. Black cherry bark was used by Cherokee women to ease labor pain and for treatment of coughs and colds. It is soothing, anti-inflammatory and emollient.

134 CHESTNUT EXTRACT Castanea Sativa (Chestnut) Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree growing to a height of 100 feet with smooth silver-gray bark and yellow green seed cases containing 2 or 3 glossy brown nuts. Bark and Seed The sweet chestnut tree was brought from Turkey to Sardinia and from there it spread through Europe. Mucilage, Plastoquinones, Vitamin C, Minerals, Tannin Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Nutritive, Circulation Booster. Leaves: Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Hair Highlight Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Chestnuts are known to ease circulatory problems such as varicose veins and phlebitis. The fruit is very nutritious, energizing, and remineralizing, a tonic for muscles and nerves as well as antiseptic. It is recommended to convalescents. Chestnuts are the only nut that has vitamin C. Tannin in the leaves and bark have astringent properties and are anti-inflammatory, astringent, expectorant and tonic. Shampoo made from the leaves and nut skins give golden highlights to hair.

135 CHIA EXTRACT Salvia Hispanica Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A summer annual herbaceous plant belonging to the mint family. Native to Mexico and introduced to Spain when Cortes conquered the Aztecs. Seed Protein, Vitamin A, B complex, C and E, Minerals, Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acids Antioxidant, Nutritive, Hair Smoothing, Energizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Considered a superior food in many ancient societies, the Native American Indians called it Indian Running Food because of its ability to strengthen endurance. Aztec warriors used it to stimulate saliva and relieve joint pain and sore skin. The seed can absorb 12 times its weight in water which helps retain and regulate nutrient absorption and conservation of electrolytes. The American Indians believe that the seeds have stimulating properties similar to caffeine.

136 CHICORY EXTRACT Cichorium Intybus (Chicory) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A bushy deep rooted perennial growing to 5 feet with a hairy stem, oblong leaves and blue flowers. Root Native to Europe, chicory also grows in North Africa and western Asia. It flourishes along paths and roadsides. Inulin, Sesquiterpene Lactones, Vitamins, Minerals Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans valued chicory as a nutritional and healing herb, and used it to treat skin disorders, gout, and jaundice. As a poultice, it was thought to improve inflammations, swellings, bruises and eye disorders. Known since the Middle Ages as a coffee substitute, in 1970 chicory root was found to contain up to 20% inulin, an oligosaccharide that is a form of soluble fiber. Today, inulin is used as a sweetener in the food industry. Chicory has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and is renowned for its high vitamin content. It helps stimulate cells, enhancing their capacity to adapt to stress and restoring the skin's balance. Chicory is used for complexions to treat acne, dermatitis, eczema, rosacea, and psoriasis.

137 CHICKWEED EXTRACT Stellaria Media Extract extracted by macerating the aerial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An annual herb, chickweed grows 35cm high, with sprawling, tangled stems, oval leaves and starlike white flowers. Aerial Parts Native to Europe and Asia, chickweed is now found in most regions of the world. Triterpenoids, Saponins, Flavonoids, (ApigeninC-glycosides, Carboxylic Acids, Mucilage, Vitamins, Minerals Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Astringent, Anti-itch, Cooling, Soothing, Healing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This cooling and soothing herb relieves itching, promotes healing and has anti-rheumatic properties. Chickweed was praised by most medieval herbalists as an excellent antiinflammatory medicinal herb. Chickweed poultices are still used to combat rheumatism by people who continue to use folk remedies and is widely used in anti-itching creams by herbalists. It is an ideal cream to use for skin irritations such as acne, hemorrhoids, varicose veins, hives, and allergies and is mild enough to use on baby's skin. It s cellproliferating properties are useful in speeding-up the healing process. Chickens and many other birds love chickweed, and eat both the plants and the seeds, which is how it gets its name.

138 CHINESE ASPEN EXTRACT Populus davidiana Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree growing to 25 feet, with smooth grayish green or white bark, broad leaves and flowers. Bark Native to Northern China and Korea. Phenolic Glycosides, Flavonoids (naringenin, kaempferol, quercetin, luteolin) Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Studies have shown both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties from the bark of Chinese Aspen. Phenolic glycosides with antioxidant activity from the stem bark of Populus davidiana College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon , Korea, College of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk , Korea. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids from Populus davidiana.. College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon , Korea. Traditionally, Populus davidiana was recognized as a medicine for tooth decay, pain, and swelling. It was also used for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protection function, and anti-tumor activity.

139 CHRYSANTHEMUM EXTRACT Chrysanthemum Sinense Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Chrysanthemum is a perennial that grows to 2 to 3 feet. Daisy-like with a typically yellow center and a decorative pompon. Flowers Indigenous to China, chrysanthemum is now cultivated in temperate regions around the world. Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Sesquiterpene Lactones, Vitamins Anti-inflammatory, Antibiotic, Antiseptic, Acne Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Chrysanthemum is a well-known medicinal herb in China, where it is commonly drunk as an energizing tisane to detoxify the blood, help with sinus congestion and regulate high blood pressure. It can also help to calm the nerves. Chrysanthemum is greatly prized for its medicinal properties, particularly as an anti-inflammatory. The herb is considered to be a general remedy against infection in the body from different strains of bacteria. Chrysanthemums symbolize optimism and joy.

140 CINNAMON EXTRACT Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use An evergreen tree, growing to 60 feet, with soft reddish brown bark and yellow flowers. Native to Sri Lanka and India, growing in tropical forests to an altitude of 1,500 feet. It is now cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world. Bark Volatile oil, Cinnamaldehyde, Eugenol, Tannins, Mucilage AntIseptic, Astringent, Antiviral, Circulation stimulant, Warming Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Cinnamon has a long history of use in India and was first used medicinally in Egypt and parts of Europe from about 500 BC. It is considered one of the world's most important spices, and known in ancient herbal medicine, first written about in the Jewish Torah. Traditionally, the herb was taken for colds, flu and digestive problems, and it is still used in much the same way today. Cinnamon is also used as a flavoring in toothpaste and mouthwash to freshen breath.

141 CLARY SAGE EXTRACT Salvia Sclarea (Sage) Extract extracted by macerating the aerial parts and seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Clary sage is a square stemmed biennial growing to 3 feet with hairy wrinkled leaves and whorls of pale blue flowers. Aerial parts, seeds Native to the southern Europe and the Middle East, clary sage is now cultivated in France and Russia. Flavonoids, Rosmarinic acid, Linalool, Linalyl acetate, b-caryophyllene and Myrcene. Antibacterial, Astringent, Cleansing, Anti-inflammatory, Calming, Acne, Dandruff, Anti-wrinkle, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In ancient times, clary sage was praised as a panacea with the ability to render man immortal. Clary sage s name is derived from the Latin word clarus, meaning clear. The tea was once thought not only to clear eyesight and the brain, but also to clarify one s intuition and allow one to see more clearly into the future. For skin, clary sage helps to balance the production of sebum (oil) and has some astringent qualities. Clary Sage essential oil is warming, sedative, uplifting, and an excellent nerve tonic.

142 CLOVE EXTRACT Eugenia Carophyllus (Clove) Flower Extract A natural plant extract, preisely extracted by macerating the bud. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen, pyramid-shaped tree growing to 50 feet. Bud, Flower Originally from the Molucca Islands in Indonesia and the southern Phillipines, cloves are now grown in Tanzania and Madagascar and the West Indies. Volatile oil, (eugenol, acetyl eugenol, methyl salicylate, vanillin). Minerals, Vitamins Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Stimulant, Acne, Anti-bacterial, Antimicrobial, Aphrodisiac Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The health benefits of clove oil can be attributed to its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiseptic, antiviral, aphrodisiac and stimulating properties. The oil is used for treating a variety of health disorders including toothaches, indigestion, cough, asthma, headache, stress and blood impurities. Clove is rich in minerals such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, vitamin A and C. It is strongly anesthetic and is used in pain relief for toothache. The Chinese used cloves to get rid of bad breath over 2000 years ago, and it is said that anyone who had an audience with the Emperor was required to chew on cloves so that their breath was sweet! It was also considered an aphrodisiac in China as well as Persia.

143 COCOA EXTRACT Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Extract A natural plant extract precisely extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 25 feet with pale brown bark, glossy oval leaves, clusters of small yellow flowers, and large pear shaped red yellow seed pods. Seed Native to Mexico and Central America, now grown throughout the tropics. Phenylethylamine, Alkaloids, (Theobromine, Caffeine), Catechins, Proanthocyanidins, Tannins, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals (Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Calcium), Rutin Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Nutritive, Cleansing, Moisturizing, Nervous System Stimulant Shampoo, Bath Products, Conditioner, Skin Care Cacao bean has a rich source of polyphenols, known for their antioxidant or anti-aging benefits. The plant is rich in alkaloids such as caffeine, theobromine and theophyline that work on celulite by stimulating the fat breakdown. Theophylline is known to increase capillary and lymphatic circulation in the blood. Studies show that the topical application of caffeine reduces fat content in cells by blocking an enzyme called phosphodiesterase. Cocoa bean has nutritive skin benefits with its numerous vitamins and minerals.

144 COCONUT EXTRACT Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Extract extracted by macerating the coconut meat. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Coconut Palm tree grows up to 20 meters high, and is topped by a spray of pinnate leaves 6 meters long. It has cream flowers and large single-seeded fruit. Meat Native to the tropics, coconut is grown in salty, sandy soil. Protein, Minerals, Polysaccharides, Triglycerides Nutritive, Cleansing, Moisturizing, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Healing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Coconut has many beneficial skin properties, it softens skin, relieves dryness and flaking, prevents wrinkles and protects from the damaging effects of UV radiation. It also forms a chemical barrier in skin to ward off infection. Polynesian women knew the value of coconut. Combined with tiare flower, the famous oil known as Monoi has been used to give the hair sheen, strength, and health. In India and Africa, coconut is used to cleanse and nourish hair. In Sanskrit the coconut palm is called kalpa vriksha, which is defined as the tree which provides all the necessities of life.

145 COFFEE FRUIT EXTRACT Coffea Arabica (Coffee) Seed Extract A natural plant extract precisely extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen shrub growing to 28 feet with dark green shiny oval leaves and white star-shaped flowers. It produces small red fruit, each with pulp and two seeds. Seed Native to tropical east Africa, it is now cultivated throughout the tropics. Caffeine, Phenolic acids, Monosaccharides, Polysaccharides, Polyhydroxy acids, Theobromine, Theophylline, Tannins Antioxidant, Astringent, Exfoliate, Reduce Undereye Puffiness, Sun Protection, Reduce Cellulite, Deodorize Bath Products, Skin Care, Spa Coffee Fruit is extracted from the fleshy shell surrounding the coffee seed known as the coffee cherry. Coffee fruit is exceptionally rich in polyphenol antioxidants and is known for its skin rejuvenation properties. Clinical studies have shown that texture and tone of skin treated with coffee fruit showed 45% improvement in fine lines and wrinkles, 64% skin smoothness and 79% skin hydration. Coffee fruit contains exfoliating polyhydroxy acids. It contains 5 out of 8 essential sugars called monosaccharides which are critical for proper functioning of biophysiological systems and initiates cellular repair. Cosmetically, caffeine is a vasoconstrictor and a diuretic, so it will temporarily reduce the appearance of undereye puffiness/dark circles caused by vasodilation and smooth the skin.

146 COFFEE EXTRACT Coffea Arabica (Coffee) Seed Extract A natural plant extract precisely extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen shrub growing to 28 feet with dark green shiny oval leaves and white star-shaped flowers. It produces small red fruit, each with two seeds. Seed Native to tropical east Africa, it is now cultivated throughout the tropics. Caffeine, Theobromine, Theophylline, Tannins Antioxidant, Astringent, Exfoliate, Sun Protection, Reduce Cellulite, Deodorize Bath Products, Skin Care, Spa Caffeine improves micro-cellular circulation and breaks up fatty deposits that can cause cellulite. An effective astringent, caffeine will reduce and heal acne breakouts, fade age spots and reduce wrinkles. Caffeine restores skins firmness, it rids puffiness, and it tightens and tones skin by flushing out excess fluid. Studies have shown that caffeine when applied topically to the skin can protect against damage caused by UV radiation.

147 COLTSFOOT EXTRACT Tussilago Farfara (Coltsfoot) Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perennial, it grows to 8 inches in height, low growing and spreads with bright yellow flowers that resemble dandelions. It is called coltsfoot because the leaves are shaped like a horse s hoof. Leaf Native to Europe, northern and western Asia, and northern Africa, it is now naturalized in moist loamy soils of wastelands around the world. Flavonoids (rutin, hyperoside, soquercetin), Polysaccharides, Mucilage, Pyrrolizidine, Alkaloids, Sterols, Essential oil, Minerals, Tannin, Inulin, Vitamin C Anti-inflammatory, Emollient, Hair Strengthener, Healing, Tonic, Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Styling Products This herb is excellent for the hair. It is valued for its high levels of amino acids (cysteine), phytosterols, and silica. It is said to strengthen, condition, and make the hair more resilient thickening the hair strands and enhancing shine. It s also a great normalizer for excess oil production of skin and hair. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

148 COMFREY EXTRACT Symphytum Officinale Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the roots and leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial growing to 3 feet with thick leaves and bell-like white and pink flowers. Root and Leaves Indigenous to Europe, comfrey now grows in all temperate regions of the world. It thrives in moist, marshy places. Allantoin, Asparagine, Mucilage, Phenolic acids (Rosmarinic acid), Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids, Tannins, Triterpenoids Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Emollient, Healing, Moisturizing, Split Ends, Sensitive skin Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care One of the most valuable plants in bath cosmetics, as it regenerates aging tissues. Comfrey Root extract is rich in allantoin, known for its ability to heal wounds and stimulate the growth of healthy tissue. All About Hair,

149 CORIANDER EXTRACT Coriandrum Sativum (Coriander) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual plant native to the Mediterranean region and Middle East. The upper leaves are called Cilantro or Chinese Parsley. Small white or pink flowers produce the seeds. Leaves or seeds Found in northern Africa, southern Europe and western Asia. Flavonoids, Protein, Minerals, Vitamins, Omega 6 Fatty Acids, Volatile Oil, (linalool, geraniol, carvone, anethole) Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Soothing, Purifying, Circulation Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Used for thousands of years in Egypt and Asia, Coriander was found in Tut s tomb. The Chinese used it for skin diseases. Coriander s antimicrobial properties make it useful in washes and rinses for skin and hair. Its warming properties make it useful in rheumatic rubs for soothing muscles and joints.

150 CORNFLOWER EXTRACT Centaurea Cyanus Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual growing to 3 feet with a multibranched stem, a basal rosette of leaves and sky-blue flowers. Flowers Native to the Near East, cornflower grows wild in all temperate regions, often in cornfields. Flavonoids, Sesquiterpene lactones Antibiotic, Anti-inflammatory Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Cornflower is mildly antibiotic and is used in French herbal medicine as a remedy for the eyes. A leaf or flower infusion stimulates digestion and relieves rheumatism.

151 COTTON EXTRACT Gossypium Herbaceum Extract extracted by macerating the bark and seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial or biennial growing to 8 feet with lobed leaves, large white or pink flowers and seed capsules surrounded by fluffy white tufts. Bark and Seed Indigenous to the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian penninsula, cotton thrives in warm temperate and tropical climates. Flavonoids, Gossypol Sesquiterpenes, Omega 6, Mucilage Antibacterial, Antifungal, Skin Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Cotton has been cultivated since the Phoenician times. Although cotton was produced mainly for cloth, it was also used for its medicinal virtues. Cotton, branches and roots were used to help uterine muscles during labor. The oil from the seed contains gossypol, which is a male contraceptive, and has antifungal and antibacterial properties. The herbaceous part of cotton contains mucilage and is used as an emollient valued for its skin softening properties. Cotton is beneficial for dry skin conditions due to its high linoleic acid (omega 6) content.

152 CRANBERRY EXTRACT Vaccinium Macrocarpon (Cranberry) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A low creeping evergreen shrub up to 10 cm tall with slender wiry stems, and small evergreen leaves. The flowers are dark pink, and the fruit is a true berry that turns a deep red when fully ripe. Fruit This dwarf shrub is found in acidic bogs throughout the cooler parts of the northern hemisphere. Proanthocyanidins, Vitamin C, E, Flavonoid glycosides Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiaging, Antibacterial, Circulation, Emollient, Exfoliate, Moisturizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Cranberry's medicinal properties have been recognized for centuries. Native Americans used raw cranberries as a wound dressing and early settlers from England learned to use the berry for a number of ailments including scurvy. Cranberry seed oil has stable antioxidant phenols and is a superior emollient and conditioner for the skin. It has a unique natural balance of omega 3, 6 & 9, which aids in the absorption and utilization of essential fatty acids in the skin. It is also rich in tocotrienols (vitamin E). Cranberry may inhibit the action of the enzyme collagenase, which breaks down collagen and, because cranberries are mildly acidic, they offer gentle exfoliation when used topically.

153 CUCUMBER EXTRACT Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Cucumber is an annual, trailing plant with broad hairy leaves, tubular yellow flowers and cylindrical, slightly curved, dark green fruit. Native to India, it has been cultivated for 3000 years and is now grown throughout the world. Fruit Lysozym, Vitamins, Minerals, Amino acids, Phytosterol, Phenolic acids, Fatty acids, Cucurbitacins, Siliica, Vitamin C Astringent, Cooling, Moisturizing, Refines skin pores, Antioxidant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Cucumbers are frequently used in cosmetic preparations due to their wonderful moisturizing and antioxidant benefits. Applied topically, they relieve swollen eyes, burns, and dermatitis as the ascorbic and caffeic acids prevent water retention. Cucumber is nutritive with enzymes, and vitamins essential for strong cell growth and repair. Its high sulfur and silicon content helps with skin surface issues and balancing, and its natural cooling properties have wonderful facial benefits. Cucumber s proteins and lipids give skin emollient properties, and its natural astringent rejuvenates, revitalizes and helps with acne outbreaks.

154 CUPUAÇU EXTRACT Theobromo Grandiflorum Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use This tree grows to up to 20 meters and belongs to the cocoa family. It has melon sized fruit with a large central seed pod filled with beans. The seeds inside the pod are pulverized into a creamy white pulp. It is the pulp of the cupuacu fruit that is so sought after. Indigenous to the Amazon rainforest. Fruit Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Theograndins, Vitamins, Amino Acids, Essential Fatty Acids, Minerals Antioxidant, Anti-Aging, Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing, Nutritive, UV Protection Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Cupuaçu has quickly become one of the most sought-after super fruits. It contains numerous vitamins, minerals, and powerful antioxidants that slow aging and rejuvenate cells. In Brazil, Cupuaçu is called A pharmacy in a fruit. It stimulates the immune system naturally, while increasing both energy and stamina. The Tikuna tribesmen of the Amazon have used the fruit as a natural source of energy as well as to alleviate abdominal pain. It is known in Brazil for its creamy exotic tasting pulp, and is used for making fresh juice and ice cream. In hair care products it restores the cutaneous barrier and promotes hydration making it a superb ingredient for shine and to replenish moisture. Recent in vivo studies have demonstrated its excellent anti-inflammatory activity. This anti-inflammatory action - together with the high level of essential fatty acids and phytosterols make it an exceptional ingredient for skin and hair products. Cupuaçu butter has been shown to offer broad spectrum UV protection and it is a wonderful ingredient in any formulation requiring protection against sun damage.

155 DAISY EXTRACT Bellis Perennis (Daisy) Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower and leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Daisy is a perennial that grows in lawns. The roots are a thick bush of fibers and the leaves grow in a circle close to the ground. The flowers grow to about four inches high with composite flower heads white ray florets and yellow disk florets. Flowers and Leaves Native to Europe and naturalized in the U.S. the English daisy is cultivated and also grows wild in lawns, meadows and other grassy places. Essential Oil, Flavones, Mucilage, Saponins, Tannins Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Healing, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The crushed fresh leaves will still soothe wounds and help healing as in former days. It is still known as Bruisewort in some places. Potterton, David. Culpeper s Color Herbal. New York: Sterling Publishing Co. Inc A flower infusion added to baths helps revive winter-dulled and sallow skins. It has been used as a skin wash for eczema. Bremness, Lesley. Eyewitness Handbooks Herbs,. New York: DK Publishing. 1994

156 DANDELION EXTRACT Taraxacum Officinale (Dandelion) Extract extracted by macerating the root or leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Dandelion is a perennial that grows to 20 inches. It has ragged basal leaves, hollow stalks, and golden flowers. Root or Leaves Growing wild in most parts of the world, it is cultivated in Germany and France Sesquiterpene lactones, Vitamins (A,B,C, and D), Bitter Glycosides (carotenoids, lutein, violaxanthin), Minerals (potassium, calcium), Phenolic acids, Pectin, Taraxacoside, Terpenoids, Triterpenes (taraxol, taraxasterol), Inulin, Vitamins Anti-inflammatory, Anti-Acne, Astringent, Antioxidant, Cleansing, Cellulite, Moisturizing, Nourishing, Detoxifying, Antimicrobial, Firming Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The fresh juice of Dandelion is applied externally to fight bacteria and help heal wounds. Dandelion leaves are used in skin preparations for its astringent and detoxifying properties. The herb promotes healthy circulation in the body, it also tones the skin, and is considered a cleanser and strengthener of blood vessels.

157 DULSE SEAWEED EXTRACT Palmaria Palmata Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A red algae with tough flat fronds usually between cm in length. Whole plant Native to the shores of the Oceans Protein, Vitamins, Minerals, Polysaccharides, Amino Acids Moisturizing, Nourishing, Healing Softening, Cleansing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products In the sea, we find all the nutrients necessary for health and vitality. Sea vegetables, abundant in nutrients, provide plenty of proteins, complex carbohydrates, carotenes, and chlorophyll to stimulate and strengthen skin, hair, and nails. They are also softening to hair and skin making them perfect for cleansing and conditioning. Seaweeds contain more protein and amino acids than vegetables grown on land.

158 ECHINACEA EXTRACT Echinacea Purpurea Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial growing to 20 inches with daisy like purple flowers and leaves covered in coarse hair. Whole plant Native to North America, echinacea thrives in rich, sandy soil. It is easy to grow and is commercially cultivated. Alkamides, Glycoside, Caffeic acid Polysaccharides, Polyacetylenes, Isobutylalkamines. Anti-inflammatory, Antibiotic, Healing. Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Echinacea is the most important immune stimulant in Western herbal medicine, and is also considered one of the finest blood cleansers, especially for skin disorders. The antibiotic effect of the plant has been scientifically verified. Evidence to date indicates that echinacea is useful when applied externally to cuts, abrasions, bites, and stings as it helps promote healing, regenerate healthy cells, reduce inflammation, and maintain the structure of connective tissue.

159 ECLIPTA EXTRACT Eclipta Prostrata Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Multi-branched annual growing to 2 feet with lance-shaped leaves and white flowers. Whole plant Trailing eclipta is native to Africa, Asia, and Australia. Saponins, (Ecliptine, Alphaterthienylmethanol) Anti-inflammatory, Healing, Black Dye for Hair, Hair Growth, Hair Shine Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Trailing Eclipta has similar uses in Ayurveda and Chinese herbal medicine, which is to invigorate the liver and to prevent premature graying of the hair. The plant is used externally for various skin problems and is a wound healer. In India, eclipta is used as a medicated massage oil, and also as a hair oil. Its Sanskrit synonym, keshraja, means "the king of hair" and Indian women, who pride themselves on the length of their hair, have traditionally massaged oil of eclipta into their scalps to add luster.

160 ELDERBERRY EXTRACT Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree growing to 33 ft with oval leaves, cream flowers, and blueblack berries. Berries Indigenous to Europe, elder thrives in woods, hedges and on waste ground. It is now found in most temperate regions and is often cultivated. Flavonoids, Anthocyanins, Vitamin (A,C) Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Antioxidant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The Elderberry is rich in European folklore and was named the country medicine chest for its many health uses. It can be used in almost all cosmetic applications. Elderberries contain Vitamin C and anthocyanins and yield a very dark dye for hair. Anthocyanins are powerful antioxidants and support capillary strength and flexibility in skin.

161 ELDER FLOWER EXTRACT Sambucus Nigra Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree growing to 33 ft with oval leaves, cream flowers, and blueblack berries. Flowers Indigenous to Europe, elder thrives in woods, hedges and on waste ground. It is now found in most temperate regions and is often cultivated. Flavonoids (rutin, isoquercitrin, quercitrin), Phenolic acids, Mucilage Triterpenoids Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Circulatory Stimulant, Soothing, Refines skin pores Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The elder plant is rich in European folklore and was named the country medicine chest for its many health uses. It can be used in almost all cosmetic applications. The flowers make a refreshing wash for eyes and they lighten skin and highlight hair. Elderflower water was used in the 18th century for whitening the skin and removing freckles.

162 EUCALYPTUS EXTRACT Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 300 feet with a blue-gray trunk and green leaves. Leaves Native to Australia, it is cultivated on plantations in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas of the world. A-pinene, b-pinene, a-phellandrene, 1,8- cineole, limonene, terpinen-4-ol, piperitone and globulol Antiseptic, Acne, Astringent, Antiinflammatory, Circulatory Stimulant, Anti-Dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The Australian Aborigines calls it 'kino' and they use the leaves to cover serious wounds. The medicinal eucalyptus oil is probably the most powerful antiseptic of its class. It is a traditional household remedy in Australia, the leaves and oil are especially used for respiratory ailments, feverish conditions, and skin problems such as burns, ulcers and wounds. It is also used in formulas for balancing the production of excess sebum in oily or acneic skin. In aromatherapy, eucalyptus oil has a cooling and deodorizing effect on the body, it soothes inflammation and eases mucus, clearing the head from the stuffiness of colds and hay fever. Eucalyptus oil is useful as a warming oil when used for muscular aches and pains, and poor circulation.

163 EVENING PRIMROSE EXTRACT Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Flower Extract A natural plant extract, is precisely extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A biennial herb growing to 5 feet, with red blotches on the stem, crinkled lance shaped leaves, and yellow flowers. Flower Native to North America, it is now commonly found in many temperate zones around the world. Essential Fatty Acids: Omega 6, (cislinoleic, cis-gammalinolenic), Amino Acids, Vitamins, Minerals Anti-aging, Astringent, Acne, Antiinflammatory, Circulation booster, Healing, Moisturizing, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Evening Primrose is edible and medicinal and has a long history of use as an alternative medicine for many Native American tribes. Formerly valued for its nutritious edible roots, it is now being cultivated for the oil contained in its seeds. Evening primrose oil is one of the most concentrated sources of gamma-linoleic acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid (of the omega 6 family) with anti-inflammatory properties. The body converts the GLA in evening primrose oil into prostaglandins, substances that function like hormones and help to regulate body processes. Omega fatty acids help maintain a healthy cell structure. The anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, circulation and healing properties of Evening Primrose collectively make it ideal for maintaining and revitalizing skin.

164 FENNEL EXTRACT Foeniculum Vulgare (Fennel) Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Fennel is an aromatic perennial growing to about 5 feet with dark green feathery leaves, yellow flowers and oval seeds. Seeds Native to the Mediterranean region, fennel is now cultivated in temperate regions around the world. Volatile Oil, (Anethole, Fenchone, Methyl Chavicol), Flavonoids Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Improves skin tone, Astringent, Cleanser, Calms redness Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Because of its aroma, fennel is often called the "licorice plant". Fennel essential oil has a sweet, earthy, anise-like aroma that is energizing, vitalizing, and balancing. One of the oldest plants used in herbal medicine, fennel was popular with wealthy ancient Greeks who ate it to help lose weight, and with poorer classes, who chewed the seeds to stave off hunger. It stimulates the circulatory, glandular, respiratory, and digestive systems. Fennel extract is used as a gentle cleanser and toner for the skin. It also helps to alleviate skin irritation and puffiness. Its beneficial anti-inflammatory and toning properties help tighten, and strengthen the elasticity of connective tissues in skin.

165 FENUGREEK EXTRACT Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. annual growing to about 32 inches. It has trifoliate leaves, yellowish white pealike flowers, and sickle-shaped pods. Seeds Native to North Africa and countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean, Fenugreek grows in open areas and is widely cultivated, notably in India. The seeds are collected in autumn. Volatile oil, Alkaloids (trigonelline), Saponins, Flavonoids, Mucilage (galactomannans), Protein (lycine, tryptophan), Fixed Oil (lipids), Vitamins (A, B, and C) Minerals Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Emollient, Moisturizing, Nourishing, Softening Shampoo, Hair Conditioner Fenugreek (Methi) is a traditional component of hair care products used mainly for its cleansing and softening activity through stimulatory and protective behavior to bring back normal health for dull hair. In Indian system of medicine fenugreek is claimed to have properties like cleansing, skin toning and stimulation, checks hair loss, stimulates hair growth and darkness. In Egypt, the herb is a recipe for youthfulness and spotless skin Team of INMC s Professionals. Useful Cosmetic Herbs for Skin Care, Hair Care, Beauty Care and Toiletries. India: Institute of Natural and Modern Cosmetech, 2000

166 FEVERFEW EXTRACT Chrysanthemum Parthenium (Feverfew) Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An herbaceous perennial growing to 2 feet with numerous daisylike flower heads. Whole Originally from southeastern Europe, feverfew is now common throughout Europe, Australia and North America. Volatile oil, Sesquiterpene lactones (Parthenolide), Sesquiterpenes (Camphor) Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Antiirritant Skin Care Feverfew is a traditional medicinal herb that has been used for reducing fever, treating headaches, arthritis and digestive problems. Studies have shown feverfew to be an effective treatment for migraine headaches. Feverfew is used to calm red and irritated skin. It has potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-irritant properties, however, it also contains compounds called parthenolides that are highly irritating and sensitizing when applied topically. Thus, it is recommended to use a purified form of feverfew for external use.

167 FIG EXTRACT Ficus Carica (Fig) Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The fig tree grows to 18 feet and bears a fleshy fruit. The leaves are deeply lobed and deciduous. Fruit Indigenous to western Asia and later distributed throughout the Mediterranean. Flavonoids, Amino acids, Sugars, Vitamins, Enzymes (Ficin) Anti-inflammatory, Emollient, Soothing, Nourishing, Exfoliating Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Fig has anti-inflammatory properties and has been used to treat swellings and gum abscesses. Ficin, an enzyme in found in fig, can boost the natural exfoliation activity of the skin and is excellent at stabilizing both dry and oily complexions. Exfoliation can smooth the texture of skin (scalp), improve hydration, fade acne scars and diminish fine lines by encouraging the formation of healthy new cells. The milky latex from fig leaves has long been used to treat warts, insect bites and stings.

168 FIR NEEDLE EXTRACT Abies Balsamea (Balsam Canada) Extract extracted by macerating the leaf. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A tall evergreen growing to 20 meters, with the overall shape of a perfect cone. Leaves Native to North America, balsam fir is commercially grown for its lumber. Protein, Vitamin A, E, Carotene, Iron, Rutin Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Antiinflammatory, Healing, Stimulant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Both Native Americans and settlers valued balsam fir resin for its medicinal virtues and its fragrant scent. Regarded as a stimulant and a laxative when taken internally, an emollient and coolant when used externally, and for its warming and grounding effect on the emotions. Fir needle is often used for respiratory and muscular pain, and is known for its soothing and calming action as well as for its antiseptic properties.

169 FLAX SEED EXTRACT Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual, biennial or perennial herb growing to 3 feet with a slender stem, lance-shaped leaves, ski-blue flowers and oily brown seeds. Seed Native to temperate zones of Europe and Asia, flax is now cultivated worldwide for its fiber, seeds and seed oil. Linolenic acid, Linoleic acid (omega 3 and 6 fatty acids), Mucilage, Protein, Lignan, Glycosides, Vitamins B-1, B-2, C, E, Carotene, Iron, Zinc, Potassium, Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Anti Wrinkle, Antioxidant, Emollient, Healing, Stimulates cellular growth, Moisturizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling Flax is actually one of the original "health foods," it was treasured throughout the Roman empire for its healing properties, and was one of the original "medicines" used by Hippocrates. An Albertan says that when she was young, women used to boil flaxseed in water and then use the liquid as a setting gel for their hair. Herbalists found it helpful in treating boils and abscesses. Recent studies have shown flax to be promising for treating androgen-dependant disorders such as acne. Flax oil has skin-revitalizing and antiinflammatory actions that benefit hair and scalp problems such as psoriasis and eczema, and abundant omega-3 fatty acids contribute to healthy hair growth.

170 FO-TI EXTRACT Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perennial climber growing to 4.5 meters. It flowers from September to October. Root Fo-ti is a plant native to China, where it continues to be widely grown. It also grows extensively in Japan and Taiwan. Anthraquinones, Phospholipids, Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside Anti-Aging, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Adaptogen, Aphrodisiac Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Also called Ho Shu Wu translated from Chinese as Black Hair Mr. He. Fo-Ti is considered to be one of the most important Chinese tonics, and believed to increase vitality and virility. The roots are antibacterial, astringent and tonic and are used externally to treat skin wounds and sores. The leaves and roots prevent premature graying of hair and combat hair loss.

171 FRANGIPANI EXTRACT Plumeria Acutifolia Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Deciduous tree growing to 25 feet. The short trunk is divided into many branches with long fleshy leaves that grow in clusters near the branch tops. Fragrant showy flowers bloom in spring and throughout the summer. Flower Frangipani is native to warm tropical areas of the Pacific Islands, Mexico, the Caribbean and South America. Citronellol, Geraniol, Linalol, Lupeol, Quercitrin, Rutin Antibacterial, Capillary Strengthener, Soothing, Healing, Bruises Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Frangipani, also called plumeria is lush and beautiful with a warm melodious fragrance similar to jasmine. Women in the Caribbean and the Pacific Islands have traditionally used the flowers to scent their hair, linen and clothes. The leaves are still used today as poultices (a healing wrap) for bruises and ulcers. Cultivated for thousands of years in Mexico, the Mayans and Aztecs revered this fragrant tree. Plumeria was a symbol of immortality for it was used medicinally as a stimulant and restorative.

172 FRANKINCENSE EXTRACT Boswellia Serrata Extract A natural plant extract made with the resin of the tree. A small tree or shrub (Boswellia species) with abundant leaves and white or pale pink flowers that yields a light reddish to yellowish-brown resin. Resin Native to the Red Sea region, it grows wild throughout northeast Africa. Boswellic Acid, cadinene, camphene, monoterpene hydrocarbons, (pinene, dipentene, limonene, thujone, phellandrene, cymene, myrcene, terpinene), octyl acetate, octanol, incensole Anti-Aging, Antiseptic, Antiinflammatory, Astringent, Cell regenerative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Frankincense, with its unique sweet balsam like scent has a centuries old reputation as an incense to cleanse and purify a home or temple. Known to be pampering, protecting and comforting, it offers both sedative and expectorant properties. Frankincense gives new life to aging skin, it has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and has cell regenerative benefits, It is used to improve blemishes, scars, wounds and winkles. The Egyptians used it cosmetically for rejuvenating facial masks.

173 GALANGA EXTRACT Alpina Galanga Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constitutents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial herb, Galanga is a member of the rhizome family. The rhizomes are cylindrical and branched, 2-8 cm in diameter. Root Native to Java, Indonesia, China and Malaysia. Flavonoids, Kemperol, Kaempferide, Galangin, Alpinin, Beta Sitosterol, Quercetin, Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate Warming, Stimulant, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Antifungal, Antiinflammatory, Antimicrobial, Anti-itch, Anti-dandruff, Skin lightening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Galanga has been used for culinary, medical and cosmetics for centuries. Also called Blue Ginger, it is a member of the ginger family that is known for its warming, stimulating and tonic properties. In the Ayurvedic system Galanga is used to improve appetite, taste and voice. Its citrusy, piney, earthy aroma with hints of cedar is popular in Southeast Asian cuisine. Galanga is reported to possess several therapeutic activities, and is valued for its skin protection, antifungal, antioxidant and skin lightening properties when used in personal care applications.

174 GARDENIA EXTRACT Gardenia Jasminoides Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Evergreen shrub growing to 10 feet, with green leaves, scented double flowers and orange red fruit. Fruit Native to the southeastern provinces of China. Volatile Oil, Gardenin Crocin, Geniposide Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Sedative, Aphrodisiac, Skin softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In Chinese herbal traditional medicine, gardenia (zhi zi) has been used for at least 2,000 years. The flowers and fruit have been used to treat irritability, urinary tract infections, headaches and tension. The phytochemicals found in gardenia have been found to have anti-inflammatory and skin softening effects. Tea can be scented with gardenia petals and the oil extracted from the flowers is a valued in perfumery and aromatherapy. The scent is also considered an aphrodisiac.

175 GARLIC EXTRACT Primary Uses: Allium Sativum Extract extracted by macerating the bulb. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A bulbous perennial growing to 3 feet, with pale pink or green white flowers. Bulb Originally from central Asia, garlic is now grown worldwide. Volatile oil, (alliin, alliinase, allicin), Scordinins, Selenium, Vitamins Antibiotic, Antiseptic, Dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In Chinese medicine, garlic, valued for its healing powers was used as a treatment for all manner of infections before the discovery of antibiotics. It was used to treat coughs, colds, toothache, dandruff and high blood pressure. Garlic was also used to dress wounds in WWI. Allicin, believed to be the most important biologically active compound in garlic is primarily responsible for antibiotic and antimutagenic effects.

176 GINGER EXTRACT Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Ginger is a perennial that produces thick tuberous rhizomes from which the aerial stem grows up to about 1 meter high. Root The Ginger plant is native to southern Asia, and is now extensively cultivated in the tropics. Volatile oils, Oleoresins, (gingerols and shogaols), Linoleic acid, Proteolytic enzyme (zingibain), Vitamins (B6, C), Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Hair Stimulating (increases circulation), Adds Body and Volume Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The rhizomes of the ginger family contain an array of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients. Ginger contains essential oils and spicy substances such as gingerol, shogaol, zingerone and capsaicin, all of which increase peripheral blood flow. Gingerol, one of the major components of fresh ginger, has recently been reported for its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. It reduces cellular formation of prostanoids and leukotrienes, reducing cellular inflammation and supporting anti-aging effects for skin care. In England to ginger means to give life to something Hesser, Amanda. (2001, Feb ) Ginger in Full Flower. New York Times

177 GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT Primary Uses: Ginkgo Biloba Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The ginkgo or maidenhair tree is the oldest known living tree species and last survivor of its botanical family, Ginkgoaceae. It may grow to 80 feet and live as long as 1000 years. The tree produces green to yellow fanshaped leaves with radiating veins, and round fruit that contains a single seed. Leaves Native to Asia, the Ginkgo tree is now commonly found in North America. Flavonoids (ginkgo flavoneglycosides), Terpene lactones. Anti-oxidant Improves Microcirculation, Anti-inflammatory, Healing, Sunburn Protection, Sensitive Skin Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Ginkgo is a powerful anti-aging ingredient that is both an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and aids fibroblast cells in the production of collagen and elastin. The best documented and most widely beneficial effect of ginkgo is increased circulation. A recent study in Germany shows that ginkgo ointment also aids circulaton. Volunteers with hands and feet so cold that they turned blue applied ginkgo ointment to the affected areas. According to the researchers, skin temperature, blood flow, and capillary density increased substantially. Dysfunctions of the microcapillaries were also reduced. Ginkgo Antiaging and Circulation, Herbs for Health July/Aug 2000

178 GINSENG EXTRACT Panax Ginseng Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial growing to 3 feet, with oval, toothed leaves and a cluster of small green-yellow flowers. Root Ginseng is native to northeastern China, eastern Russia and North Korea, but is now extremely rare in the wild. Triterpenoid saponins, Ginsenosides, Acetylenic compounds, Panaxans, Sesquiterpenes, Polysaccharides Anti-Aging, Adaptogenic, Nourishing, Antioxidant, Moisturizing, Volumizing for Hair Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products This root is good for everything in the human body, the shape of which it has. Ginseng stimulates the entire system. The saponins in ginseng are called ginsenosides. There are nutrients and polysaccharides that make ginseng antioxidant and moisturizing for hair and skin. It s rejuvenating properties stimulate hair growth and scalp circulation.

179 GOJI BERRY EXTRACT Lycium Chinensis Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous shrub growing to 12 feet with bright green leaves and scarlet berries. Fruit Native to China and Tibet, it is cultivated extensively across central and northern China. Amino Acids, Carotenoids, Beta-sisterol, Linoleic acid, Betaine, Polysaccharides, Ellagic Acid, Essential Fatty Acids, Vitamins and Minerals (Selenium, Zinc) Anti-Aging, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Aphrodiasiac, Healing, Circulation, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care For centuries, traditional herbalists have recognized the various health benefits of Goji berry. Revered as a tonic with longevity-enhancing effects, it is being called the world's most powerful anti-aging food due to its high antioxidant content. Goji berry is highly nutritional and is said to support the health of the eyes, the skin, and the cardiovascular system. A well-known and long-documented property of Goji fruit is its ability to benefit complexion and maintain one's beauty; its polysaccharides help to build muscle and repair skin cells. Himalayan Goji berry is nicknamed "the happy berry" because it is said to induce a sense of well-being.

180 GOLDENSEAL EXTRACT Primary Uses: Hydrastis Canadensis (Goldenseal) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small herbaceous perennial, with a thick yellow root and an erect stem growing to 1 foot. At the top of the stem is a broad leaf and a red berry. Root Native to America, goldenseal grows wild in moist mountainous woodland areas and prefers soil that is well covered with dead leaves. Isoquinoline alkaloids (hydrastine, berberine, canadine), Volatile Oil Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Acne, Astringent, Tonic, Hair Shine, Cleansing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Native Americans used goldenseal for wounds, ulcers, and sore, inflamed eyes. They used the root to make dye. The thick-knotted yellow root is potent, having a higher alkaloid (berberine) content than the herb. Today goldenseal is used for its astringent and antibacterial properties as well as to restore damaged hair. It has been used as a hair tonic to cleanse and lighten hair, and known to help control dryness of the scalp.

181 GOTU KOLA EXTRACT Primary Uses: Centella Asiatica Extract extracted by macerating the arial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen, perennial, herbaceous creeper growing to 20 inches with fan shaped leaves. Arial Parts, Roots Gotu kola is native to India and the southern US. It prefers marshy areas and riverbanks. Triterpenoid saponins (asiaticocide, brahmoside, thankuniside), Alkaloids Anti-aging, Adaptogen, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-wrinkle, Healing, Hair Growth, Sedative, Reduces Scarring, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Gotu kola is an important medical herb used in the Orient and known as Brahmi or Indian Pennywort in Ayurvedic medicine. It is used as a revitalizing herb to strengthen nervous function and memory as well as a tonic and cleansing herb for skin problems. Gotu kola is useful for strengthening blood vessels and skin capillaries to reduce the risk of under eye circles and bruising. It is an excellent cosmetic anti-aging ingredient used for its ability to speed up collagen formation.

182 GRAPE EXTRACT Properties: Primary Uses: Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Fruit Extract prepared by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The grapevine is a perennial that produces clusters of pale green flowers. The fruit has green, yellow, or reddishpurple skins, and two to four seeds inside the pulpy flesh. Fruit Grown in warm temperate regions of the world Flavonoids, Tartrates, Inositol, Carotenes, Choline, Tartaric & Malic Acids, Anthocyanins (in red grapes), Resveratol, Quercetin, Catechins, Vitamins A,B1,B2 and C Minerals. Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Throughout history grapes have been known in art and literature as a symbol of revelry and joy. Cultivated years ago, grapes were recognized for their health benefits. Botanically, the fruit is a berry and is loaded with phytonutrients such as resveratol, quercetin, anthocyanin and catechins. Grapes are a source of vitamin A,C, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Polyphenols (flavonoids) have the ability to bond with collagen, promoting cell health, elasticity and flexibility. Anthocyanins have remarkable antioxidant properties, they help guard against aging, and have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory benefits.

183 GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The grapevine is a perennial that produces clusters of pale green flowers. The fruit has green, yellow, or reddish-purple skins, and two to four seeds inside the pulpy flesh. Seeds Grown in warm temperate regions of the world Proanthocyanidins (catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, afzelechin, and epiafzelechin), Essential Fatty Acid s Properties: Primary Uses: Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Healing, Hair Growth, Sunburn Protection, Toning Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling Products, Sun Care Grape seed polyphenols protect capillary walls, help promote tissue elasticity, restore collagen, improve peripheral circulation and inhibit enzymes that break down collagen, hyaluronic acid, and elastin. Grape seed oil is an astringent and thus helps to tighten and tone the skin. It is also useful in treating acne. It has a high content of linoleic acid, a fatty acid essential for cell membranes and serves as a wonderful moisturizer as well as truly nourishes the skin.

184 GRAPEFRUIT EXTRACT Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A cultivated evergreen tree with glossy leaves that grows to 20 feet and has large edible yellow fruit. Fruit The tree is indigenous to the Malay Archipelago and extensively cultivated in India, Florida, and California. Flavonoids, Vitamins (C), Minerals (Potassium), Volatile Oil, Naringin, Nookatone Astringent, Antioxidant, Anti-bacterial, Antiseptic, Nourishing, Antiinflammatory Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This large, sweet-and-sour fruit is nourishing as it is high in flavonoids and Vitamin C. It is very cleansing and refreshing to hair and skin. An excellent antiseptic, astringent and anti-inflammatory, it also soothes and tones blemished, irritated skin. Grapefruit has vitalizing and uplifting aromatherapy properties.

185 GREEN TEA EXTRACT Properties: Primary Uses: Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The tea plant ranges in height from about 3 to 40 feet and has small, shiny, dark green leaves. The small, fragrant flowers have white petals, and the fruits contain one round, pale brown seed. Leaves Native to Asia, and grows in a variety of climates throughout the world. Polyphenolic Flavonoids (epicatechin, epigallocatecin, and gallate) Esters (quercitin, myricetein) Tannins, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids (caffein, theobromine, and theophylline) Anti-oxidant, Anti-aging, Sunburn Protection, Skin Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Sun Care, Hair Styling Green Tea neutralizes free radicals, and it prevents environmental pollutants from affecting the skin and that includes the scalp. It is an excellent anti-inflammatory and a rich source of vitamin C. It protects against epidermal edema and can reduce swelling when applied topically. Green tea is used in skin and hair care products to reduce sun damage and photo-aging caused by UVA and UVB radiation exposure.

186 GUARANA EXTRACT Paulina Cupana Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Guaraná plant is a woody vine that climbs trees. It grows to 10 meters, has compound leaves, yellow flowers and pear shaped fruit containing small shiny brown seeds. Seed Native to tropical forests of the Brazilian Amazon, it is now cultivated in Brazil. Xanthine, Guaranine, (Caffeine, Theobromine, Theophylline), Tannins, Saponins Astringent, Anti-oxidant, Antibacterial, Cellulite, Stimulating, Energy Boosting Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Guaraná is a berry that grows in Venezuela and the northern parts of Brazil. The name 'Guarana' comes from the Guarani tribe that lives in Brazil. The main ingredient of guarana is guaranine, which is chemically identical to caffeine. Studies have shown antioxidant, antibacterial, and fat cell reduction (when combined with linoleic acid). Guaraná has been used in body care products for its toning and astringent properties, and to reduce cellulite. Guaraná also has been used as an ingredient in shampoos for oily hair and as an ingredient in hair-loss products.

187 GUAVA EXTRACT Psidium Guajava Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A low evergreen tree or shrub 6 to 25 feet high, with wide-spreading branches and downy twigs, Its fragrant flowers are white. The fruit is 3 to 6 cm long, pear-shaped, and reddish-yellow when ripe. Fruit Native to tropical Central America from Mexico to northern South America, it now grows in most tropical and subtropical locations around the world. Vitamin C and A, Carotenoids, Quercetin, Flavonoids, Glycosides (Guiajaverin), Lycopene, Saponins Astringent, Anti-oxidant, Antibacterial, Antiinflammatory, Antimicrobial, Healing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Guava is often referred to as the apple of the tropics. It has been found to have 3 times as much Vitamin C as an orange. Vitamin C stimulates production of collagen and is involved in the building and health of cartilage, joints, skin, and blood vessels. Guava is also rich in Vitamins A & B and a good source of lycopene and beta-carotene. It has astringent, healing and skin damage repair benefits and acts as a natural exfoliant, improving skin s texture, tone and appearance. Guava contains carotenoids powerful antioxidants that aid in skin renewal and protect against environmental toxins.

188 HAWTHORN FLOWER & BERRY EXTRACT Description Crataegus Oxyacantha Extract extracted by macerating the flowers and berries. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Deciduous, thorny tree with small leaves, white flowers and red berries growing to 25 feet. Flower & Berries Grows in pastures and hedges throughout most of the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Bioflavonoids (Rutin, Quercitin), Triterpenoids, Oilgomeric Procyanidin, Amines, Polyphenols, Coumarins, Tannins Antioxidant, Astringent, Aids Circulation, Toner, Acne, Anti-dandruff, Anti-itch Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Also known as Mayflower, Hawthorn has been known as a heart remedy for thousands of years. Hawthorn is a powerful antioxidant containing bioflavonoids and polyphenols. It is used in hair and skin products for its antioxidant value and is known to improve circulation and to soothe sore, itchy skin. Used in acne preparations, it is cleaning and clearing to skin and can tighten pores due to its astringency. Hawthorn makes a refreshing toner combined with other herbs like cornflower or rosemary and also makes a good rinse for oily hair and dandruff-prone scalp.

189 HEAL ALL EXTRACT Prunella Vulgaris Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A creeping perennial, growing to 20 inches with pointed oval leaves and violet blue or pink flowers. Whole plant Native to Europe and Asia, heal all can be found in temperate regions worldwide. It is a wayside plant, growing in meadows and by roadsides. Pentacyclic triterpenes, (ursolic, Betulinic and Oleanolic, Rosmarinic Ursolic acids), Caffeic acid, D-Camphor, Rutin, Protein, Carotene, Vitamins Astringent, Anti-bacterial, Anti-Viral, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Oxidant, Healing, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Heal All, also called Selfheal had various medicinal uses in traditional medicine. In medieval England it was primarily regarded as a wound herb. It has antibacterial and strong antiviral properties and with its powerful antioxidants, is used as an immune system booster. Heal All is truly one of the most versatile, safe and effective of nature's medicinal plants.

190 HEATHER EXTRACT Calluna Vulgaris Extract extracted by macerating the flower and leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Small branched shrub growing to 2 feet with tiny leaves and white or pink flowers growing on spikes. Leaves and buds Native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, it grows in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. It is found on heaths, moors, bogs and in open woods. Alkaloids (Ericodin), Arbutin, Carotene, Ursolic acid, Flavone Glycosides, Flavonois, Mucilage, Quercitrin, Saponins Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Cleansing, De-tox Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care According to European folk medicine, heather herb and flowers, were traditionally used as a tea for purifying the blood, stimulating metabolism, treating gastrointestinal disorders and reducing inflammation and gravel of the urinary system. The leaves and buds were used in Swedish traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases and wounds. Heather has also been used in a tea bath to stimulate cellular regeneration and to combat abnormal growths through detoxifying and cleansing the body. It contains many antimicrobial compounds, and, honey made from heather flowers has been shown to have high antibacterial activity.

191 HENNA EXTRACT Lawsonia Inermis (Henna) Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This heavily scented evergreen shrub or tree grows to 20 feet. It has narrow pointed leaves, small white or pink flowers, and blue-black berries. Whole plant Native to the Middle East, North Africa, and India, it grows in welldrained soil and sunny areas. Lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-napthoqinone), Flavonoids, Fatty acids, Phenolic acid Tannins. Astringent, Conditioning, Hair Brightener, Dark sheen, Hair Growth, Nourishing, Adds Volume Shampoo, Conditioner, Hair Styling and Dye Today the use of henna has increased considerably not only-for hair colouring but also for hair conditioning, as a hair growth promoter, hair brightener, antidandruff, astringent and sunscreen. The oil from the flower is used in perfumery. Team of INMC s Professionals. Useful Cosmetic Herbs for Skin Care, Hair Care, Beauty Care and Toiletries. India: Institute of Natural and Modern Cosmetech,

192 HIBISCUS EXTRACT Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This annual shrub grows up to 4.5 meters. It has large 5 petaled single funnel shaped flowers that can be red, pink, orange, yellow, or white. Flower Native to Southern China, it spread to the Pacific Islands. Today it is widely cultivated in warm, temperate or tropical climates. Anthocyanins, Hibiscic acid, Citric acid, Vitamin C, Malic acid, Tartaric acids Anti-oxidant, Nutritive, Emollient, Antidandruff, Exfoliating, Hair Growth, Moisturizing, Natural Dye, Soften Skin Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Used regularly in Ayurvedic medicine, hibiscus flower is used to stimulate hair growth, prevent premature graying, prevent dandruff, and for hair loss and scalp disorders. In hair rinses and conditioners it acts as a natural emollient. In Southeast Asia hibiscus is used to cleanse, soften and soothe baby skin, it is also used as an ingredient in exfoliating creams and treatments. The Chinese use the hibiscus flower s juice as an ingredient in black dye for hair. The flowers of hibiscus are nutritive for skin and hair.

193 HONEY EXTRACT Honey Extract Extract A natural hydroglycolic extract, from the sugar secretions of bees. A thick, syrupy, transparent liquid, honey is extracted from bee hives. It is strained through a sieve and allowed to sit in settling tanks for 24 hours to allow air bubbles to rise to the surface. The color varies from amber to reddish brown to black. Secretion Worldwide Flavonoids, Amino acids, Beta carotene, Polyphenols, Vitamins, Minerals Anti-oxidant, Astringent, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Moisturizer & Humectant, Healing, Nutritive, Skin Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Deliciously sweet and hydrating to the body and hair, honey has antioxidant and antibiotic properties. It has been used in beauty regimes since the time of Cleopatra; and was said that she regularly took honey and milk baths to maintain her youthful appearance. Queen Anne of England used a honey and oil concoction to keep her long hair lustrous, thick and shiny. Honey has natural rejuvenating powers, it boosts energy, and is rich in vitamins and minerals.

194 HONEYSUCKLE EXTRACT Extract Lonicera Japonica (Honeysuckle) Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous or semi-evergreen climbing plant with paired oval leaves, yellow-orange or yellow-white tubular flowers and red berries. Flower Honeysuckle is native to southern Europe, China and Japan. It grows on walls, trees, and in hedges. Volatile Oil, Luteolin, Inositol, Salicylic Acid, Saponin Cleanser, Stimulates Circulation, Skin Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In Europe, honeysuckle was traditionally used as a treatment for asthma and other chest conditions. Honeysuckle works well against internal infections, and it also can be used externally for skin irritation and infections. It is useful in alleviating rashes ranging from skin diseases to poison oak. An excellent cleanser and purifier, honeysuckle is used in facial creams, shampoos and soaps.

195 HOPS EXTRACT Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A tall, climbing perennial with male and female flowers on separate plants growing up to 22 feet. Flower Indigenous to Europe and Asia, hops flourish along roadsides. They are grown commercially throughout Europe. Lupulin (humulon, lupulon, valerianic acid), Humulene, Flavonoids, Polyphenolic Tannins, Estrogenic Substances, Asparagin, Niacin Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Sedative, Hair Shine, Hair Loss Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin In Germany, Hops is licensed as a standard medicinal tea: there are many prepared sedative medicines containing hops extract. Known as a "nerve tonic," hops help reduce pain, ease tension, and aid sleep. Modern research has shown that hops relax and soothe muscles, especially in the digestive tract. Hops has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties for skin, and sheen and conditioning properties for hair.

196 HORSE CHESTNUT EXTRACT Aesculus Hippocastanum (Horsechestnut) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Sturdy deciduous tree growing to 80 feet with a large domed crown. It has sticky buds, palm like leaves, clusters of white and pink flowers, spiny green fruit and shiny brown seeds. Seed Native to mountain woods in the Balkans and western Asia, this tree is now cultivated in temperate regions worldwide. Triterpenoid Saponins (Aescin), Flavonoids Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Cellulite, Toning Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Horse chestnut extracts are popular in Europe for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins. The excellent tonic effect of horse chestnut when applied topically on the skin helps to prevent vein and capillary fragility. It balances the circulation in the skin, promoting not only a clear skin, but an even complexion and good skin tone, and is used in good quality cosmetics, hand creams, lotions, as well as slimming and cellulite products. Aescin, a saponin, in horsechestnut has anti-inflammatory properties and acts as an antioxidant to inhibit the enzymes collagenase and elastase, resulting in healthier collagen and supportive skin structures.

197 HORSERADISH EXTRACT Cochlearia Armoracia (Horseradish) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perennial plant growing to 5 feet with a deep root, large leaves and cluster of 4 petaled white flowers. Root Native to Europe and western Asia, it is now widely cultivated for its root, unearthed in autumn. Glucosinolates (sinigrin), gluconasturtiin, flavone glycosides (quercetine, kaempferol), asparagines, resin, Vitamin C, Tannins. Antiseptic, Anti-dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Horseradish is a very pungent stimulant herb that has been used as a medicine both internally and externally for centuries in Europe. The root is antiseptic, digestive, diuretic, expectorant, rubefacient and stimulant. Historically, horseradish was made into a poultice and applied to the chest for relief of coughing and respiratory conditions. An infusion of sliced Horseradish in milk, by its stimulating pungency and the sulfur it contains, makes an excellent cosmetic for the skin when lacking clearness and freshness of color. Horseradish juice mixed with white vinegar will also, applied externally, help to remove freckles. A Modern Herbal; Mrs M Grieve

198 HORSETAIL EXTRACT Equisetum Arvense Extract extracted by macerating the aerial part of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Horsetail is a perennial plant with a yellowish fruiting stem growing to 14 inches, followed by another 14 inches of a segmented stem with needle shaped leaves. Aerial parts Native to Europe, North Africa, northern Asia, and the Americas, horsetail is a common plant preferring damp soil. Silica, Alkaloids (nicotine, palustrine, palustrinine), Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Minerals, Saponins (equisetonin) Anti-inflammatory, Anti-dandruff, Astringent, Cleansing, Healing, Moisturizing, Split Ends, Strength and Elasticity for hair and skin Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This herb is excellent for the hair. It is valued for its high levels of amino acids, phytosterols and silica and is said to strengthen, condition, make the hair more resilient, and normalize oil production of skin and hair Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999 Horsetail provides a good all-round conditioner. It contains saponins, which create a lather, flavone-glycosides, which act on the scalp s tiny blood vessels to stimulate the circulation, and silica, which gives the hair body. Mabey, Richard. The New Age Herbalist. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 1988

199 IMMORTELLE EXTRACT Helichrysum Italicum Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A strongly aromatic herb, growing to 1.5 feet with a branched stem, and brightly colored daisy like flowers. Native to the eastern Mediterranean, North Africa, it is now cultivated in Italy, Spain and France. Leaves Flavonoids, Arenarin, Alkyl Carbonic Acids, Sesquiterpenes Anti-inflammatory, Anti-aging, Anti-itch, Antiseptic, Antibacterial, Healing, Toning Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Immortelle, also called Everlasting or Life Everlasting is considered to be one of the most important essential oils in aromatherapy. Aromatically, it is thought to open the heart and clear old emotional scars. Immortelle has been revered since the time of Homer and the ancient Greeks for its great wound healing ability. Traditionally it was also used to treat sunburn, anti-itch, and rosacea. It s wonderful regenerating qualities helps with healing of scars, acne, dermatitis, and stretch marks. Immortelle has been studied in Europe for regeneration of nerves, improving skin conditions, and reducing inflammation while speeding healing. The cytophylactic properties of this herb stimulate cellular regeneration and are therefore a boon for anti-aging skincare. The toning qualities are phenomenal and are used to perk up and bind loose skin.

200 IRISH MOSS SEAWEED EXTRACT Chondrus Crispus (Carrageenan) Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A reddish brown algae growing to 10 inches. It is forked, with a fan-shaped outline. Whole plant From the Northeastern coast of US and Canada and the Atlantic coast of Europe. Carrageenan, Polysaccharides, Proteins, Iodine, Bromine Emollient, Soothing, Nourishing, Thickener and stabilizer. Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products The soothing, protective, and nourishing properties as well as the thickening nature of Irish moss make this seaweed extremely useful in cosmetic and hair products. According to ancient Irish folklore, it was carried on trips for protection and safety, and was placed beneath rugs to bring prosperity and good luck. It is a mucilaginous herb that is useful as an expectorant and relieves sore throats.

201 IVY EXTRACT Glechoma Hederacea Extract extracted by macerating the aerial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A creeping perennial herb growing to 6 inches with long rooting runners, notched kidney shaped leaves and purple-blue flowers. Aerial parts Native to Europe and western Asia, ground ivy is now naturalized in other temperate regions Sesquiterpenes (including glechomafuran), Flavonoids (glycosides of luteolin, apigenin and quercitin), Triterpenoids (including ursolic acids, oleanolic acid and betasitosterol), (glechomine),phenolic acids, Polyphenols, Saponin Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Antioxidant, Skin Toning Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Ground Ivy is an herbal medicine used to treat lung congestion, ringing in the ears, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, and bladder and stomach irritations. Traditionally, ground ivy was added to bath water to refresh body muscles and joints. It strengthens the nerves and aids pains related to rheumatism and gout. An infusion can be used as a lotion, or on compresses, to cleanse sores and ulcers.

202 JABORANDI EXTRACT Pilocarpus Pennatifolius Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial shrubby tree growing to 7 feet with smooth grey bark, large leathery leaves and thick, small, reddish-purple flowers. The leaves contain an essential oil that gives off an aromatic balsam smell. Leaves Jaborandi is native to South and Central America and to the West Indies. Alkaloids (Pilocarpine, Isopilocarpine), Jaborino, Jaboric Acid, Pilocarpic, Acid Hair Growth Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Explorers to Brazil in the 16th century discovered that indigenous tribes used jaborandi to treat mouth ulcers, colds, and flu. Researchers later discovered that it also had the ability to promote sweating and salivation. Externally it is used as a hair tonic that is believed to open pores, clean hair follicles, prevent hair loss, and generally aid in the manageability of hair. It has a reputation as a stimulant for hair growth. Oil from jaborandi leaves contains the alkaloids pilocarpine and jaborine. Pilocarpine mimics or enhances the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine - Pilocarpine controls saliva, sweat, and tear glands, as well as contraction of the eye. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.

203 JASMINE EXTRACT Jasminum Grandiflorum Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A slender evergreen rambler growing to 20 feet with dark green compound leaves and large sweetly scented tubular white flowers. Flowers Native to northern India, Pakistan and the northwestern Himalayas, jasmine is now cultivated as a garden plant and as a source of essential oil. Methyl jasmonate Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Softening, Aphrodisiac, Calming Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Jasmine, a plant with universal appeal and a long history of use as a cosmetic, medicine, perfume and incense by many different cultures around the world, is known in the East as the King of Aromatics. Jasmine essential oil is warm and sensual, ideal for post-natal recovery and is ranked among the aphrodisiac herbs. Jasmine is a great soother for the nerves and produces a feeling of confidence and euphoria. It has a calming and sedative effect and is especially beneficial in conditions caused by psychological stress and imbalance. Applied externally it is ideal for skin care, suitable for all types, it is used to soften and smooth skin.

204 JATOBÁ EXTRACT Hymenaea Courbaril Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A huge canopy tree growing to 30 meters with a trunk up to 6 meters in diameter that produces bright green leaves in matched pairs, white fragrant flowers and an oblong brown pod like fruit with large seeds inside. Bark Indigenous to the Amazon rainforest and parts of tropical Central America. Astilbin, Flavonoids, Diterpenes, Sesquiterpenes Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Energy Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Jatoba has a long history of use by the Indigenous tribes of the rainforest and South American traditional medicine. Today, Jatoba bark tea is a popular drink with lumberjacks working in the forests in Brazil because this natural energy tonic allows them to work long hours without fatique. The bark, leaves and resin of jatoba have been shown to have strong antifungal and antimicrobial properties. Jatoba helps to decongest the urinary tract and can be excellent for cystitis, bladder and prostate infections. It has been used topically for skin fungi like athlete's foot and nail fungus.

205 JOJOBA EXTRACT Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Jojoba is a woody evergreen shrub that grows to a height of 15 ft. The leaves are oval and have a waxy cuticle that reduces moisture loss. Flowers are pale green or yellow. The fruit is a green capsule which encloses up to three seeds. Jojoba has a life span of years. Seed Native to the semiarid regions of southern Arizona, southern California and northwestern Mexico. Vitamin E, B complex, Silicon, Chromium, Copper, Zinc, Iodine. Fatty acids, Myristic acid Acne, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiinflammatory, Healing, Anti wrinkle, Skin Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Native Americans have long used jojoba oil to help heal sores and wounds. Today, jojoba oil is commonly used for cosmetic purposes for its amazing emollient and lubricating properties. It has anti-inflammatory, restorative, anti-wrinkle and skin softening benefits. Jojoba oil helps to treat acne, both by reducing sebum production and by protecting the skin from harmful bacteria.

206 JUJUBA EXTRACT Zizyphus JuJuba Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This spiny deciduous tree grows to 25 feet with oblong toothed leaves, clusters of small greenish yellow flowers and reddish brown or black oval fruit. Fruit Native to China, Japan and Southeast Asia, the jujube is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and the Mediterranean. Saponins, Flavonoids, Mucilage, Vitamins, High Vitamin C, Minerals Astringent, Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory, Moisturizing, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Jujuba is widely used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety, to gain weight, improve muscular strength and increase stamina. Jujuba encourages cell rejuvenation, which makes it a useful herb to smooth and firm skin s appearance. It has been used in topical formulations for its anti-inflammation, anti-wrinkle, moisturizing, and sunburn relief benefits.

207 JUNIPER BERRY EXTRACT Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A coniferous shrub growing to 50 feet, juniper has slender twigs with whorls of needlelike leaves, yellow flowers and spherical blue-black fruit. Leaves, Fruit Juniper is found in Europe, Asia, and North America, where it grows in southern coastal sites as well as more northerly moorland and mountainous regions. Essential oil, (myrcene, sabinene, alpha and beta pinene, and cineole), Vitamin C Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Aphrodisiac, Anti-Dandruff, Circulation Stimulant, Tonic, Anti-Cellulite Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Applied externally, juniper is helpful for chronic arthritis, gout, and rheumatic conditions. A tonic for oily and congested skin, it helps to fight acne, eczema, psoriasis and skin inflammations. Juniper has a warming effect on the skin and is thought to purify and detoxify the body. It is used in aromatherapy to clear the mind and for its antidepressant properties. Juniper is often used as a fragrance component in soaps, detergents, cosmetics and perfumes.

208 KELP (ATLANTIC) EXTRACT Ascophyllum Nodosum Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Atlantic kelp has long fronds with large egg-shaped air-bladders set in series in the fronds. The fronds can reach 2 m in length and are attached by a holdfast to rocks and boulders. The fronds are olive-brown in color. Whole The seaweed of the northern Atlantic is also known as Norwegian Kelp, or Knotted Kelp. It is common on the north-western coast of Europe including Greenland and the north-eastern coast of North America. Phenols, Polysaccharides, Fucose Polymers, Ursolic acid, Minerals Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Moisturizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care The nutritive properties of kelp are desirable for skin and hair care. Kelp is softening and regenerative and can be used for its thickening properties in hair preparation. Atlantic Kelp is rich in compounds that are used in the cosmetic industry, such as polygalactosides, fucose polymers and ursolic acid. These compounds contain abundant amino acids such as proline, glycine and lycine -- all of which are also found in the elastic fibers of the skin -- and maintain and improve skin elasticity by improving hydration

209 SEA KELP (BLADDERWRACK) EXTRACT Fucus Vesiculosus Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Sea Kelp is a brownish green perennial algae. It grows to 3 feet and has flat, forked fronds containing air bladders. Whole Native to the shores of the north Atlantic and western Mediterranean, it is harvested throughout the year. Phenols, Polysaccharides and Minerals (iodine, iron, potassium), Vitamins A & D Anti-inflammatory, Emollient, Nutritive, Skin Softening, Hair Shine, Firming, Healing, Skin Elasticity, Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Algae are some of the most nutrient-rich life forms in nature. The nutritive properties make it desirable for skin and hair care. Algae is softening and regenerative and imparts a healthy glow to the hair. In cellulite creams, algae helps draw out impurities and temporarily "tightens" the skin. This firming ability is also an asset in eye gels or wrinkle creams. Sea herbs in facial masks heal, hydrate, detoxify, and re-mineralize the skin. Chlorophyll helps detoxify. Essential fatty acids improve skin elasticity. Carbohydrates stimulate the skin's ability to heal. Vitamin A acts as an antioxidant, and normalizes skin cells. Protein/amino acids are the building blocks of cells and are skin conditioners.

210 GIANT KELP EXTRACT Macrocystis Pyritera Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Giant Kelp is a perennial brown algae. It grows in the ocean to lengths of 60 meters with upper fronds that form a dense canopy at the surface. Whole Found along the coast of the Pacific Ocean from Alaska to Baja California. Phenols, Polysaccharides and Minerals (iodine, iron, potassium), Vitamins A & D Anti-inflammatory, Emollient, Soothing, Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care A source of potassium and iodine, Vitamins A and D, and some protein, blended with yogurt and a beaten egg, it imparts a healthy glow to the hair. It also helps to remineralize. D Amelio, Frank Sr. Botanicals A Phytocosmetic Desk Reference. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999 The nutritive properties of kelp make it desirable for skin and hair care. It is also softening and regenerative and can be used for its thickening properties in hair and skin personal care products.

211 KIWI EXTRACT Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A woody vine or climbing shrub up to 30 feet long with deep green leathery leaves, large white flowers and oval fruit 2 1/2 inches long with russet brown skin and bright green flesh. Fruit Native to the Yangtze River valley of Northern China, kiwi is now cultivated in temperate climates. Flavonoids, Vitamin C, Potassium, Vitamins A, E, Calcium, Irion, Folic Acid, Papain Antioxidant, Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Kiwifruit, also known as Chinese Gooseberry, is a rich source of flavonoids and vitamin C. Its potassium content by weight is slightly less than that of a banana. It also contains vitamins A and E, calcium, iron and folic acid. Kiwi is also rich in the protein-dissolving enzyme papain. It is very cleansing and refreshing to hair and skin.

212 KIWI BERRY EXTRACT Actinidia Arguta Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A climbing woody vine with dense dark green foliage and white fragrant flowers. Its smooth skinned fruit ranges from a large grape to a small plum in size and is sweeter and more flavorful than kiwi fruit. Fruit Native to southern China, it is now cultivated in cool temperate regions. Flavonoids, Vitamin C, Potassium, Vitamins A, E, Beta Carotene, Selenium, Chromium, Lutein, Folic Acid, Actinidin Protease Antioxidant, Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care A nutritional powerhouse, Kiwi Berry is considered a super fruit. It has a rich source of flavonoids and vitamin C, and its potassium content by weight is higher than that of a banana. Kiwi Berry contains vitamins A and E, calcium, selenium, lutein and folic acid and is rich in the protein-dissolving enzyme actinidin protease. It is very cleansing and refreshing to hair and skin.

213 KOLA NUT EXTRACT Cola Nitida Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 70 feet, with dark green leaves and yellowish white flowers. Large woody seed pods contain 5-10 white or red seeds. Seed Native to West Africa and the Atlantic coast area of Central Africa, kola nut is cultivated widely in the tropics. Anthrocyanin, Caffeine, Phenolics, Theobromine Antioxidant, Astringent, Stimulant, Skin Toning, Aphrodisiac Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Chewed for their digestive, tonic and aphrodisiac properties, kola nuts have been an integal part of western and central African life for thousands of years. Kola nut enhances alertness and physical energy, elevates mood, increases tactile sensitivity, suppresses appetite and is used as an aphrodisiac. In Africa, kola nut is offered as a gesture of friendship and hospitality.

214 KUKUI SEED EXTRACT Aleurites Moluccana Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seed of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A medium, to large sized spreading tropical tree, growing to 15-25m. The leaves are simple and ovate. The nut is round 4-6 cm in diameter with a very hard seed coat and high oil content. Seed Native to Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and South Pacific Islands. Essential Fatty Acids, Moretenol, alphaamyrin, beta sitosterol, Vitamins A,E&F Moisturizing, Acne, Healing, Antioxidant, Hair Smoothing, Skin Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Kukui nut oil is mainly produced in Hawaii and Tahiti and comes from the nut of the Kuki tree. Kukui nut oil contains nutrients that help to revitalize and restore the skin's normal activity. It has a high content of essential fatty acids to moisturize, rejuvenate and soften dry skin. It is used for sunburned, chapped dry skin and for treating acne, eczema, and psoriasis. The oil is excellent for sensitive skin as well as maturing, damaged, and wrinkled skin.

215 KUMQUAT EXTRACT Fortunelie Margarita Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A slow growing evergreen tree, growing to 15 feet with sparse branches, dark green glossy leaves and sweet fragrant yellow flowers. The fruits are small oval citrus fruit 1-2 long with orange skin. Fruit Native to south China and Japan. It is now cultivated in Europe and America. Flavonoids, Vitamins A&C, Beta Carotene, Minerals Anti-aging, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cleansing, Nutritive, Sedative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Kumquats are small edible fruits resembling oranges that grow in a tree related to the Citrus. They are often used in marmalade and jelly and liquors. The Taiwanese add it to their teas, while others boil it and use it as a remedy for sore throats. According to traditional Chinese medicine, kumquat helps eliminate phlegm and is a good remedy for a sore throat or a nagging cough.

216 KU SHEN (SOPHORA ROOT EXTRACT) Sophora Flavescens Root Extract extracted by macerating root of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A hardy deciduous shrub growing to five feet with greenish yellow flowers and brown seeds. The root ranges between 4 and 12 inches in length Root Native to China, it is cultivated mostly in Shanxi and Hubei provinces. Ouinolizidine Alkaloids (matrine, oxymatrine) Anti-bacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Promotes Hair Growth, Skin Whitening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Ku Shen is the Chinese term for the root of Sophora flavescens. The plant is rich in healthful chemical compounds: current research is focused on its quinolizodine alkaloid constituents, matrine and oxymatrine. Ku Shen has been shown to have remarkable results in treating asthma, bronchitis, cardiac arrhythmia, ulcer, bacterial and candida infections, eczema, neurodermatitis, psoriasis, vaginitis, hepatitis B and C, dysentery, conjunctivitis, parasites, fever, inflammation, insomnia, and cancer. Ku shen contains flavanone derivatives shown to inhibit melanin production.

217 LAVENDER EXTRACT Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This perennial shrub grows to 3 feet with spikes of violet-blue flowers extending above the foliage. Flowers Indigenous to the Mediterranean, now grown all over the world Volatile oil (linalyl acetate, cineole, linalool, nerol, borneol), Flavonoids, Tannins Adaptogenic, Acne, Antibacterial, Antiitch, Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Cleansing, Volumizing for Hair, Antidandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Lavender is adaptogenic in nature, meaning that it normalizes both dry and oily conditions of the scalp or hair in essence all types. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and skin regenerative, it is also great for sensitive or mature skin, anti-dandruff, inflammatory, and hair loss conditions. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

218 LEMON EXTRACT Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Extract Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the peel/fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small evergreen tree growing up to 22 feet with light green toothed leaves. The solitary flowers are white inside and deep pink outside. The fruit is an ovoid berry, three inches long, bright yellow, with an acid, pale yellow pulp. Peel/Fruit Native to India, lemon trees are now cultivated in the Mediterranean and subtropical climates worldwide. Peel: Volatile oil (limonene, alphaterpinene, alpha-pinenene, citral), Bioflavonoids, Pulp: Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Ascorbic Acid, and Vitamins A & C Antiseptic, Astringent, Acne, Cleansing, Exfoliating, Varicose Veins, Skin Brightener Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care The whole fruit strengthens weak capillaries and varicose veins. Externally lemon juice can be applied to acne, athlete s foot, stings, sunburn and warts. The antiseptic and astringent lemon juice lightens hair, cleanses the skin, closes the pores, removes freckles and brightens pale complexions by removing dead cells. The aromatic essential oil from the peel is a stimulant and helps purify water.

219 LEMON BALM EXTRACT Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial growing to 5 feet with tiny white flowers and deeply veined, toothed leaves. Leaves Native to southern Europe, western Asia and northern Africa, Lemon Balm now grows throughout the world. Volatile oil (citral, citronellal, linalool), Flavonoids, Triterpenes, Polyphenols Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Cleansing, Healing, Sedative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Also called Melissa, Lemon Balm was taken traditionally to lift the spirits and to encourage longevity. Today, it is used as a first aid remedy for cuts and insect stings, fevers, and treating toothaches. As a cosmetic, lemon balm makes a good skin cleanser. Externally in salve, it has been effective in relieving symptoms of herpes simplex, sores, and painful swellings. Lemon balm is regarded, along with common sage as herbs with memory-improving properties.

220 LEMONGRASS EXTRACT Cymbopogon Schoenanthus Extract extracted by macerating the stalks of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This sweetly scented grass grows in large clumps up to 5 feet. It has narrow leaf blades and branched stalks of flowers. Herb Native to southern India and Sri Lanka, lemongrass is now cultivated in the West Indies, Africa, and tropical Asia. Volatile oil (citral, citronellal, myrcene, dipentene, linalool, geraniol, nerol) Antimicrobial, Anti-oxidant, Antiseptic, Astringent, Cleansing, Insecticidal, Hair Sheen Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care This herb has antioxidant, astringent and freshening qualities for the hair. It is very effective in cleansers and as an oil regulator it is said to enhance fullness, body (particularly in fine hair) and shine. The lemony aroma makes a wonderful addition to hair care preparations. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Story Publishing, 1999 Africans and Indians have both treated fevers with lemongrass tea, as well as used it for washing and perfuming the body. Lemongrass is used to relieve skin problems, sore throats and respiratory problems. In traditional medicine, Lemongrass is used to combat anxiety, insomnia, stomach problems, hypertension, and fever.

221 LICORICE EXTRACT Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A woody stemmed perennial growing up to 6 feet with dark leaves and cream to mauve flowers. Growing wild in southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, licorice is now extensively cultivated. Root Triterpene saponins (glycyrrhizin), Flavonoids (liquiritin, isoliquiritin, formononetin), Polysaccharides, Sterols, Coumarins, Asparagin, Glabridin Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Antibacterial, Emollient, Soothing, Skin Lighting Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care This sweet and aromatic root is emollient and soothing internally and externally. It is detoxifying and, although stimulating, it counteracts stress. Externally, licorice root is anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiseptic. Licorice root has been found to have skin-lightening properties. Michael P Tabibian, MD investigated glabridin, the main ingredient in licorice extract for its inhibitory effect on pigmentation and found that it inhibited tyrosinase activity of melanocytes without any cytotoxicity. Licorice is also good in oral care products.

222 LIME EXTRACT Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Extract Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the peel/fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small evergreen tree growing up to 13 feet with aromatic, densely set ovate leaves, faintly fragrant white flowers and green round or ovate fruit. Peel/Fruit Lime tree is native to Southeast Asia, and is now found in warm tropical climates throughout the world. Today, many different lime varieties are known and cultivated, the main producers being West Indies and Mexico. Peel: Volatile oil (limonene, alphaterpinene, pinene, citral), Bioflavonoids, Pulp: Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Ascorbic Acid, and Vitamins A & C Astringent, Antiseptic, Astringent, Acne, Antioxidant, Cleansing, Exfoliating Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care In aromatherapy, lime oil energizes, rejuvenates and refreshes the spirit. Lime is often used for shave products, body washes and shampoos. Externally it is used as an astringent to brighten dull skin. Its antiseptic and disinfectant properties are useful for clearing oily congested skin. Lime also improves circulation and is a good toner for skin.

223 LINDEN FLOWER EXTRACT Tilia Cordata Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A deciduous tree growing to 30 feet with smooth gray bark, heart shaped leaves and clusters of pale yellow flowers. Native to Europe, linden is found in the wild and also planted in gardens. Flower Flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, hyperoside, and kaempferol (astragalin), phenolic acids (caffeic acid), Mucilage, Manganese, Vitamin C Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Anti-itch, Emollient, Moisturizing, Soothing, Hair Highlights Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Traditionally, linden flowers were used to soothe nerves and to treat conditions associated with anxiety. Linden's primary use since the Middle Ages has been as a diaphoretic to promote perspiration. The Commission E approved linden flower for colds and cold-related coughs. Because of its emollient quality, linden flowers are used in France to make lotion for itchy skin.

224 LOTUS FLOWER EXTRACT Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use The roots of the lotus are planted in the soil of a pond or river bottom, while the leaves float on top of the water surface. The plant normally grows up to a height of about 150 cm and the showy flowers can be up to 20 cm in diameter. Native to India today it is widely naturalized in southern Asia and Australia. Flower Raffinose, Oxoushinsunin Softening, Astringent, Nutritive, Antiwrinkle Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Nelumbo nucifera is known by a number of common names, including Indian lotus, sacred lotus, bean of India, and sacred water lily. The flowers, seeds, young leaves and rhizomes are all edible. The lotus was of great significance to many ancient cultures, and in particular to the Eastern religions. From ancestral times the lotus regularly appears as a symbol of purity, peace, transcendence, enlightenment, rebirth, beauty, and fertility. The main use for lotus in folk medicine is associated with the astringent properties of its flowers. In India, honey made by bees visiting lotus flowers is said to be a tonic called 'padmamadjhu' or 'makaranda' and is used for eye disorders. The large leaves are sometimes used as 'cold bed-sheets' to treat high fever and burning of the skin. Indian blue lotus is known for its calming, skin softening, anti-inflammatory and astringent, diuretic, and tonic properties.

225 LUO HAN GUO EXTRACT Momordica Grosvenori Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use An herbaceous perennial vine that grows 3-5 meters long with narrow heart shaped leaves and sweet, green, round fruit 5-7 cm in diameter. Native to southern China, mostly from the mountains of Guilin. The wild plant is rare but is now cultivated in Asia. Fruit Amino Acids, Terpene Glycosides, (Mogrosides), Vitamins, Minerals Anti-Aging, Antioxidant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Luo Han Kuo grows only in the pristine, mist-filled mountain slopes of the Guangxi province in the south of China. The prized fruit has long been considered one of China's most precious natural resources. Often referred to as the "longevity fruit" by villagers, its use has been documented for over a thousand years to maintain respiratory health and strengthen the immune system. A potent antioxidant, luo han kuo is regarded as a wellness herb.

226 MADDER ROOT EXTRACT Rubia Tinctorum Root Extract extracted by macerating the roots. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Madder root is an evergreen perennial growing to 3 feet with thick roots, whorls of finely toothed lance-shaped leaves, greenish white flowers and black berries. Madder is native to southern Europe, western Asia and North Africa. It flourishes in open areas. Root Anthraquinone (ruberythric acid, alizarin, purpurin), Iridoid (asperuloside), Calcium Astringent, Antiseptic, Tonic, Antiinflammatory, Hair Dye Shampoo, Conditioner Madder root yields a rich red alizarin dye that is used on hair to enrich dark and red shades of hair and help to purify the scalp. In Ayurvedic medicine, the roots are used to maintain general health and normal blood circulation. A paste of the roots is used topically to treat skin diseases, skin discoloration and skin inflammation.

227 MAGNOLIA FLOWER EXTRACT Magnolia Biondii Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A small deciduous tree, growing to 55 feet, with smooth gray bark, elliptic leaves and fragrant white flowers. The magnolia tree grows throughout eastern Asia, and North and Central America. Flower Volatile oil, Alkaloids, Flavonoids Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiaging, Antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Skin Whitening, Healing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Magnolias have been used for ages in traditional Chinese medicine. Called xin yi hua, Chinese herbalists use the bud of magnolia in healing. The magnolia flower has pungent and warm properties and is often used to treat nasal conditions, such as stuffy nose, congestion, and sinus headaches. Externally magnolia flower is used to treat skin conditions.

228 MAIDENHAIR FERN EXTRACT Adiantum Capillus Veneris Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Maidenhair fern has delicate fronds growing to 1 foot. Native to Europe and North America, and rainforests of the Amazon, maidenhair fern grows in moist, shady sites. Aerial parts Flavonoids (rutin, isoquercitin), Carotenoids, Terpenoids (Adiantone), Mucilage Anti-oxidant, Antimicrobial, Antiviral, Antibacterial, Anti-Dandruff, Healing, Hair loss Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Maidenhair fern is known in herbal medicine worldwide. In European herbal medicine, its use was documented for coughs, asthmas, pleurisy, jaundice, and impurities of the kidneys as far back as the era of Dioscorides and Pliny. Today, the plant is used widely throughout the world for dandruff, hair loss, and menstrual difficulties. In Brazilian herbal medicine the leaf is used for hair loss, coughs, bronchitis, laryngitis and throat dryness, to improve appetite and digestion, stimulate renal function, regulate menstruation, and facilitate childbirth. Externally it is used for boils, eczema, and wounds.

229 MALLOW EXTRACT Malva Syvestris (Mallow) Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A biennial growing to about 5 feet with a pulpy taproot, erect stem, 5-lobed leaves with scalloped margins and reddish pink to mauve flowers. Leaves, Flower, Root Native to Europe and Asia, mallow is naturalized in the Americas. Flavonol glycosides (gossypin-3- sulfate), Mucilage, Tannins. Flowers contain Malvin (anthocyanin), Vitamins Emollient, Soothing, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive, Hair Smoothing, Sensitive Skin Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The plant s many uses gave rise to the Spanish adage, A kitchen garden and mallow, sufficient medicines for a home. The flowers and leaves are a good for sensitive areas of skin. It is applied as a poultice to reduce swelling, and draw out toxins. Mallow can be used as a thickening agent in cosmetics and has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties for skin due to its content of mucilage, flavonoids, and anthocyanidins.

230 MANGO SEED EXTRACT Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree that grows to 60 feet with long leathery leaves, topped with a rounded canopy of foliage, it has fragrant yellow flowers, a large yellow, green or red oval shaped fruit with a large flattened seed. Seed The mango originated in Southeast Asia where it has been grown for over 4,000 years. Over the years mango groves have spread to many parts of the tropical and sub-tropical world. Vitamins, (E), Minerals, Fatty Acids Antioxidant, Softening, Nutritive, Healing, Moisturizing, Sensitive Skin Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Mango kernel contains high amounts of fat and starch. The oil, extracted from the kernel is used in the cosmetic and soap industry. This highly prized oil, has moisturizing properties and is used for lotions and as a mild lubricant for the skin, A great source of essential fatty acids, mango kernel oil, also called mango butter, has traditionally been used in the Rainforest and tropics for its skin softening, soothing, moisturizing and protective properties. It is emollient, hydrating and healing. It can be used in skin care products for sensitive skin.

231 MANGO EXTRACT Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree that grows to 60 feet with long leathery leaves and topped with a rounded canopy of foliage, it has fragrant yellow flowers, a large yellow, green or red oval shaped fruit with a large flattened seed. Fruit The mango originated in Southeast Asia where it has been grown for over 4,000 years. Over the years mango groves have spread to many parts of the tropical and sub-tropical world. Vitamins A and C, Potassium, Beta carotene, Gallic acid, Astaxanthing, Myristic acid, Quercetine, Mangiferin Antioxidant, Softening, Antiinflammatory, Nutritive, Exfoliation Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Known as the King of Fruit in Asia, mango is a very popular fruit relished for its succulence, exotic flavor and sweet taste. Beyond being delicious and rich in vitamins, minerals and anti-oxidants, mangos contain an enzyme with soothing properties similar to papain found in papayas. It also contains phytochemicals including the antioxidant lutein. Mango peel contains numerous ingredients with excellent exfoliation benefits.

232 MANGOSTEEN EXTRACT Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract extracted by macerating the peel of the fruit. This gentle,traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A slow growing evergreen tree that can reach a height of 80 feet. It has long leathery oblong leaves, reddish yellow flowers and round dark purple fruit with a smooth rind. Peel The mangosteen originated in the Sunda Islands on the Malay Archipelago and was first domesticated in Thailand. It thrives in ultra tropical climates. Xanthones, Mangostin Anti-aging, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Mangosteen is a widely consumed fruit in Southeast Asia that is considered the "Queen of Fruits". Xanthones a vigorous family of next generation phytonutrients are derived from mangosteen. There are over 40 xanthones identified in the rind, making it the single most xanthone-rich source in the world. Each xanthone has its own effect, and when combined, they take on a synergistic quality that supports the health of the entire body. It is said that the antioxidant ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) value of mangosteen is the highest of all edible plants. Made into an ointment, it is used to treat eczema and other skin disorders.

233 MAQUI BERRY EXTRACT Aristotelia Chilensis Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Maqui is a hearty evergreen shrub. It grows to approximately 3-5 m in height, and produces small purple-black berries, approximately 6 mm in diameter. Maqui Berry is native to Patagonia, in the extreme Mountainous terrain of Chile. Fruit Anthocyanins, Polyphenols, Delphinidin, Malvidin, Petunidin, Triterpenes, Flavonoids, and Cyanidin. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Detox Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This berry helps to restore the beauty and glow of hair and skin, perk up metabolism, and flush out toxins in the body. Maqui Berry, also called the Chilean Wineberry, is from the Patagonia region of Chile and has gained the status of super food due to its high content of antioxidants (anthocyanins and polyphenols). Anthocyanins neutralize enzymes that destroy connective tissue, prevent oxidants from damaging connective tissue, repair damaged proteins in the blood-vessel wall, and control pro-inflammatory cytokines that cause inflammation and pain. Maqui berries have been used for centuries by the Mapuche Indian Tribe of South America for a variety of ailments including strength and stamina, blood sugar control, cancer, ulcers, and fever.

234 MARJORAM EXTRACT Origanum Majorana Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Marjoram is a woody perennial herb growing to 20 inches with aromatic leaves and pinkish white flowers. Sweet marjoram is native to countries bordering the Mediterranean. Leaves Terpenes (terpineol, sabinenes, linalol, carvocrol, linal acetate, geranyl acetate, citral, eugenol), Flavonoids, Caffeic and Rosmarinic acid, Triterpenoids Anti-oxidant, Antiseptic, Prevents hair loss, Adds Luster, Stimulates Circulation, Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, This warming oil is very calming. It features a sweet herbaceous aroma. Softening and soothing, this oil is well suited to sensitive scalps. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999 The extract is used to give luster to dry hair and prevent the falling of hair. D Amelio, Sr., Frank S. Botanicals a Phytocosmetic Desk Reference. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999

235 MARSHMALLOW EXTRACT Althea Officinalis Root Extract extracted by macerating the roots of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Marshmallow is a perennial that grows to 7 feet and has thick white roots, heart-shaped leaves and pink flowers. Root Native to Europe, marshmallow is naturalized in the Americas. It favors marshy fields and tidal zones. Mucilage Polysaccharides (galacturonorhamnansm arabinans, glucans, arabinogalactans), Carbohydrates (starch, pectins), Flavonoids, Phenolic acids, Sucrose, Asparagine Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Emollient, Moisturizing, Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Anti-inflammatory and astringent, marsh mallow is said to both control oil production and soothe allergic or inflammatory skin conditions. The mucilaginous nature of the herb makes for its emollience. It s good for sensitive skin. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

236 MILK THISTLE EXTRACT Silybum Marianum Extract extracted by macerating milk thistle seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Milk Thistle is a spiny biennial growing to 5 ft. with white-veined leaves and purple flower heads. Seeds Native to the Kasmir region of India and Pakistan, it now flourishes throughout the temperate world Flavonoids (silybin, silydianin, silychristin known collectively as silymarin) Anti-aging, Anti-oxidant, Sunburn Protection Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products, Healing, Softening Pliny states, and medieval writers repeat, that a decoction of Thistles applied to a bald head would restore a healthy growth of hair Grieve. A Modern Herbal. London: Tiger Books International, 1973 The demulcent properties of milk thistle soften and moisturize the skin. Milk Thistle is greatly valued for its ability to give a healthy glow and balance to skin and also to reduce redness and irritation.

237 MIMOSA EXTRACT Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use_ Perennial evergreen tree growing to 8 m tall with fern-like graceful arching limbs bearing flowers with conspicuous showy stamens that resemble large fragrant pink powder-puffs. Native to Asia and Africa, Mimosa was introduced into North America as an ornamental in the mid 1700 s. Bark Flavonoids, Arabinogalactans, Saponins, Alkaloids, Xylose, Phytosterols, Glucosides, Rhamnose, Lupeol, Hyaluronic Acid, Methoxychalcones, Kukulkanins, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Magnesium Antioxidant, Antiseptic, Antiinflammatory, Healing Skin Elasticity Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Mimosa tenuiflora root bark has been valued for thousands of years in South America for its use in cosmetic items such as shampoo and the Mayan's famous Tepescohuite Soap hailed as a miracle soap to rejuvenate hair and skin. The Mayans of Mexico have used roasted "Mimosa tenuiflora" "tepezcohuite" bark to treat lesions of the skin. Tepezcohuite is believed to protect and stimulate the generation of collagen and "elastina," as well as provide flavonoids and hyaluronic acid, a building block for tissue regeneration. It is a fast-acting mood-lifter for certain types of depression and anxiety.

238 MOMORDICA SEED EXTRACT Momordica Charantia Extract extracted by macerating the seeds of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual climber growing up to 6 feet with deeply lobed leaves, yellow flowers and a green cucumber shaped fruit with gourd-like bumps all over and a very bitter taste. Native to southern China, bitter melon is now common throughout tropical regions of the world. Seed Alkaloids, (Momordicin), Glycosides, (Momordin, Charantin), Polypeptide-P Anti-oxidant, Antiseptic, Prevents hair loss, Adds Luster, Stimulates Circulation Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care, Also known as Chinese bitter melon, Karela and Balsam Pear, Momordica has been used to treat diabetes, cancer, viral infections, and immune disorders. It has been suggested to have a significant hypoglycemic effect on diabetic patients. The seeds of the plant are used as a poultice for abscesses, sores and other skin conditions.

239 MUIRA PUAMA EXTRACT Ptychopetalum Olacoides Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A tree growing to 50 feet with a gray trunk, dark brown leaves, white flowers and orange-yellow fruits. Root, Bark Native to Brazilian rainforests, especially the Rio Negro and Amazonas regions. Alkaloids, Esters, Fatty Acids, Sterols Astringent, Antioxidant, Aphrodisiac, Circulation Booster Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Muira puama, also called "potency wood," It has long been used by indigenous Amazonians as a tonic and aphrodisiac. It is still considered a valuable remedy for impotence. The bark is strongly astringent.

240 MULBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT Morus Alba Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree growing to 50 feet with toothed leaves, flowers in catkins and white lavender or black (fruit) berries. Fruit White mulberry is native to China. Anthocyanins, Glucosides, (rutin, quercetin, moracetin), Amino Acids, Alkaloids, Saponins, Minerals, Vitamins Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Boosts Skin Toning, Nutritive, Hair Growth Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Mulberry trees, well known to ancient civilizations of the world are fruit trees with delicious berries and huge green leaves. The leaves have been used in the Orient to fatten silkworms for the silk trade. Traditionally, mulberry fruit has been used as a medicinal agent to nourish the yin and blood, benefit the kidneys, treat weakness, fatigue, anemia, calm the nerves and for premature graying of hair. Mulberry is also known to increase hair growth. It has a unique nutritional profile containing proteins, phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins, making it one of natures promising hair tonics.

241 CRAPE MYRTLE EXTRACT Lagerstroemia Indica Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tropical flowering tree growing up to 40 feet tall with smooth rounded leaves and oval fruit. Flower Native to China, Korea and Japan Corosolic acid (triterpenoid glycoside) Crape myrtle is the smaller version of Lagerstroemia speciosa, commonly known as Pride of India or Queen crape myrtle. The deciduous crape myrtle is among the longest blooming trees in existence with flowering periods lasting from days. Crapes come in heights as short as 18 in and as tall as 40 ft. Flowers are borne in summer in big showy clusters and come in white and many shades of pink, purple, lavender and red. The stem bark is febrifuge, stimulant and styptic. The bark, flowers and leaves are considered to be hydrogogue and a drastic purgative. A paste of the flowers is applied externally to cuts and wounds. The root is astringent, detoxicant and diuretic. A decoction of the flowers is used in the treatment of colds.

242 NEEM EXTRACT Melia Azadirachta Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Large evergreen tree growing to 50 feet with compound leaves and small white flowers. Seed Native to forests and woody areas throughout India and Sri Lanka, Neem is now naturalized in other tropical regions, including Indonesia, Australia, and West Africa. Meliacins, Triterpenoid bitters, Tannins, Flavonoids, Essential Fatty Acids Astringent, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Healing, and Moisturizing, Dandruff, Reduces skin redness Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Neem has been a part of Ayurvedic and folk medicine in India since the earliest times, and to this day used frequently in herbal remedies. Neem kills the bacteria that cause acne and reduces the inflammation that makes it so noticeable. Neem oil has moisturizing properties due to its high fatty acid content. It also helps to reduce acne scars and restore elasticity to the skin as it disinfects and heals.

243 NEEM LEAF EXTRACT Melia Asadirachta Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Large evergreen tree growing to 50 feet with compound leaves and small white flowers. Leaf Native to forests and woody areas throughout India and Sri Lanka, Neem is now naturalized in other tropical regions, including Indonesia, Australia, and West Africa. Meliacins, Triterpenoid bitters, Tannins, Flavonoids Astringent, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Healing, Dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Neem has been a part of Ayurvedic and folk medicine in India since the earliest times. Neem leaf and its extracts have been used as a cure all, thus it is not uncommon to see villagers eat up to 5 neem leaves a day as a disease preventive. Used to treat various skin disorders, neem kills the bacteria that cause acne and it reduces inflammation. It is revered for its antibacterial and antiviral properties.

244 NETTLE EXTRACT Urtica Dioica (Nettle) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Nettle is a perennial that grows to 5 feet. It has lance-shaped leaves and green flowers with yellow stamens. Young shoots are picked in spring for use as a tonic and a vegetable. Aerial parts and leaves are picked in summer when the plant is in flower. The root is harvested in the autumn. Leaves Grown in temperate regions throughout the northern hemisphere, southern Africa, the Andes, and Australia. Chlorophyll, Indoles (histamine, serotonin), Acetylcholine, Formic Acid, Minerals (iron, silica, potassium, manganese, sulphur), Mucilage, Vitamins (A and D) Astringent, Antioxidant, Promotes Circulation and shine, Nourishing, Hair Growth, Hair Strengthening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Nettles contain mucilage, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, and other beneficial herbal constituents that make this a very nourishing herb. Nettle is tonic (strengthening) and antifungal; it s also said to stimulate circulation at the scalp, which is beneficial for hair growth. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

245 NONI EXTRACT Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A large evergreen shrub or medium tree growing up to 12 meters high with oval shaped leaves and white flowers. Its succulent fruit fuses into large compound structures as they ripen. Fruit Native to Asia, Australia and some Pacific islands, today it is naturalized in most of the tropical coastal forests of the world. Anthraquinones, Beta-Carotene, Calcium, Linoleic Acid, Magnesium, Pectin, Potassium, Protein, Ursolic acid, B Vitamin C, Proanthocyanadin, Anthocyanadins Astringent, Antiseptic, Antifungal, Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Healing, Nourishing, Dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The people of French Polynesia used noni as a cure for aging. It was claimed to be a tonic for practically every disease known to man and was known to increase mental clarity and attention span as well as improve physical performance levels. Native Polynesians used noni topically to treat burns, skin inflammation and for scalp conditions. Noni is excellent used in a rinse or shampoo for problem hair, especially for dandruff because of its antiseptic properties.

246 NUTMEG EXTRACT Myristica Fragrans (Nutmeg) Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A large evergreen tree growing to 40 feet with aromatic leaves and clusters of small yellow flowers. Fruit Native to the Molucca Islands of Indonesia, nutmeg trees are now widely cultivated. Volatile oil Antiseptic, Acne, Healing, Stimulating, Skin Toning, Aphrodisiac In traditional medicine, nutmeg and nutmeg oil were used for illnesses related to the nervous and digestive systems. Externally, the oil was used for rheumatic pain and, like clove oil, was applied as an emergency treatment to dull toothache. A healing application is found in ancient Arabian writings claiming that it provided relief to the pain of arthritis and aching body parts. Nutmeg oil is prominently used in formulations for products in the pharmaceutical industry to treat different illnesses. Although nutmeg essential oil has a psychotropic effect on the body and stimulates the mind, it is an all-over tonic, especially so for digestion. It has a toning effect on the skin.

247 OATMEAL EXTRACT Avena sativa (Oat) Meal Extract extracted by macerating kernel of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Oatmeal is derived from whole oat kernels ground into a fine powder. The plant is an annual grass that grows to three feet. It has straight hollow stems, blade-like leaves, and small spikes that hold the seeds. Seed Native to northern Europe, oats now grow worldwide in temperate regions Beta glucans, Polysaccharides, Polyphenols (avenanthramides), Mucilage, Proteins, Minerals (iron, manganese, zinc), Saponins (avenacosides), Silicon dioxide, Omega Fatty Acids, Vitamin E Anti-inflammatory, Anti-itch, Antiseptic Moisturizing, UV Absorber, Cleansing, Exfolient, Emollient, Skin Soothing, Softening, Volumizing for Hair Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Colloidal oatmeal is one of the few natural ingredient that have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for skin conditions such as poison ivy, diaper rash, dry skin and for cleansing and moisturizing. Oatmeal has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties, and is useful for treating sensitive skin topically. As a facial scrub, oatmeal gently removes dead cells, to reveal softer, smoother looking skin. Cleansing and exfoliating with oatmeal gives skin a natural, healthy glow.

248 OAT STRAW EXTRACT Avena sativa (Oat) Straw Extract extracted by macerating the leaf and stem of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Oat straw is an annual grass that grows to three feet. It has straight hollow stems, blade-like leaves, and small spikes that hold the seeds. Dried threshed leaf and stem /seeds Native to northern Europe, oats now grow worldwide in temperate regions Flavonoids, Silica, Alkaloids, (gramine, avenine, saponins, Minerals, (iron, manganese, zinc), Vitamins Anti-inflammatory, Anti-itch, Nutritive. Skin Soothing, Sedative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Bath Products Oatstraw, the stalk and leaves of the avena sativa plant, is nutritive and healing and high in skin-soothing silica. The stalks are used as a herbal tea and are good for treating osteoporosis, to build bones and for pain relief. Oatstraw is calming, soothing, helps with anxiety, boosts the immune system, lifts depression and counters nervous exhaustion. When oat straw is added to a bath it helps with inflammatory skin conditions.

249 OLIVE LEAF EXTRACT Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Olive tree is an evergreen plant that grows to 30 feet. It has a deeply grooved gray trunk, small leathery leaves, clusters of small greenish white flowers, and a green fruit ripening to black. Leaves Growing wild in the Mediterranean region, these trees are cultivated in similar climates in the Americas Secoiridoids (oleuropein), Flavonoids (rutin, apigenin, luteolin glycosides) Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antioxidant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The olive tree has been held in high esteem for ages. Winners in the Greek Olympic games were crowned with a wreath of olive leaves. Historically, the medicinal use of olive leaf has been for the treatment of fevers and for topical treatment of wounds or infection. As a poultice, olive leaves were used by herbalists to treat skin rashes and boils. Scientific evidence now indicates that extracts from the olive leaves have health promoting benefits that include boosting the immune system, lowering blood pressure as well as antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antiviral properties.

250 OLIVE EXTRACT Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Olive tree is an evergreen plant growing to 30 feet. It has a deeply grooved gray trunk, small leathery leaves, clusters of small greenish white flowers, and a green fruit ripening to black. Fruit Growing wild in the Mediterranean region, these trees are cultivated in similar climates in the Americas Secoiridoids (oleuropein), Flavonoids (rutin, apigenin, luteolin glycosides), Triterpenes Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Olive Oil along with extracts from olive leaves, skin and ground-up pits - is again being poured into a variety of cosmetics for the hair, face and body. Each part of the olive offers a cosmetic benefit. The skin, pulp and oil are rich in glycerides and fatty acids, which gently cleanse and moisturize. The ground-up pits and bark make fine exfoliants. And the leaves are a source of oleuropein, an antioxidant that destroys free radicals the unstable molecules that damage collagen, the substance that gives skin its youthful suppleness and tautness. Olive oil new beauty nectar, Conn Post 8/3/2001

251 OOLONG TEA EXTRACT Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The tea plant ranges in height from about 3 to 40 feet and has small, shiny, dark green leaves. The small, fragrant flowers have white petals, and the fruits contain one round, pale brown seed. Leaves Native to Asia, and grows in a variety of climates throughout the world. Polyphenolic Flavonoids (epicatechin, epigallocatecin, and gallate), Esters (quercitin, myricetein), Tannins, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids (caffein, theobromine, and theophylline) Anti-oxidant, Anti-aging, Sunburn Protection, Skin Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Oolong tea is a "semi-fermented" tea that is principally manufactured in China and Taiwan. Oolong tea falls somewhere between Green and Black teas, and can resemble either (depending upon the way that it is processed). It comes from the Camellia Sinensis plant, the same as green and white tea. All teas from the Camellia tea plant are rich in polyphenols (antioxidants). Camellia Sinensis neutralizes free radicals, and prevents environmental pollutants from affecting the skin. It is an excellent antiinflammatory and a rich source of vitamins C and E.

252 ORANGE FLOWER EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing up to 10 meters with glossy dark green leaves, orange fruit and fragrant white flowers. Flower Native to the Far East, but well adapted to the Mediterranean climate. The center of the neroli oil industry is the South of France, where the Bitter Orange is extensively cultivated. Flavonoids, a-pinene, camphene, B- pinene, a-terpinene, nerol, neryl acetate, farnesol, geraniol, linalool, nerolidol, linalyl acetate, methyl anthranilate and indole. Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Promotes cell renewal, Sedative, Tonic Sensitive skin, Skin pores Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Gentle, fresh, and cooling, orange blossom flowers yield an essential oil known as 'Neroli, one of the chief constituents of Eau-de-Cologne. Neroli has a sweet, green, calming and relaxing floral scent. Orange blossom is gentle enough for dry or sensitive skin and helps to repair the complexion of mature skin, as well as stretch marks and scars. It stimulates and regenerates skin cells and is good for the treatment of broken capillaries. It is antiseptic, regulates the oiliness of the skin and minimizes enlarged pores.

253 MANDARIN ORANGE EXTRACT Citrus Nobilis (Mandarin Orange) Peel Extract extracted by macerating the peel of the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Evergreen small spiny tree with glossy leaves, fragrant flowers and looseskinned, sweet fruits. Peel Native to South-eastern Asia and the Philippines, they are now cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics. Essential Oil, (Limonene, Linalool, Nerol, Geraniol, methyl methylanthranilate), Vitamin C, Carotene Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Cleansing. Sensitive Skin, Sedative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Orange extract is great for sensitive dry skin with broken capillaries. The essential oil of orange peel with its flavonoids and vitamins is a mild sedative, aids dermatitis, oily skin and is good for cellulite. It is relaxing, relieves nervous tension and cold like symptoms. Its sweating action speeds out toxins in congested skin and helps prevent dry skin, wrinkles and dermatitis. It is also used in compresses to open pores. Orange peel with its high vitamin C content helps maintain healthy blood cells and increases resistance to infections.

254 SWEET ORANGE EXTRACT Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Extract extracted by macerating the peel of the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Evergreen small tree growing to 12 meters, with small white flowers and sweet orange fruits. Peel Native to China now cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics. Vitamins A,B & C, Essential Oil, (limonene, linalool, nerol, geraniol, methyl methylanthranilate), Vitamin C, Carotene Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Cleansing Sedative, Broken capillaries, Cellulite Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Orange extract is great for sensitive dry skin and skin with broken capillaries. The essential oil of orange peel with its flavonoids and vitamins is a mild sedative, aids dermatitis, oily skin and is good for cellulite. It is relaxing, relieves nervous tension and cold like symptoms. Its sweating action speeds out toxins in congested skin and helps prevent dry skin, wrinkles and dermatitis. It is also used in compresses to open pores.

255 ORCHID EXTRACT Orchis Mascula Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perennial herb growing to 2 feet with narrow leaves often having purple black blotches. The flowering stem bears purple or purple-pink flowers formed in a loose spike. Flower Native to Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. It is commonly found in clearings in woodland, and grassland. Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Anthocyanins Minerals (Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Copper), Mucilage Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Moisturizing, Emollient, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Orchis Mascula is used for its strengthening and soothing properties in herbal medicine. Orchids are very well known for their skin benefits such as moisturizing and anti-oxidant properties, increasing skin immunity and reducing the appearance of fine lines. Rich in mucilage, they form a soothing jelly used for skin irritations. Sugars and polysaccharides in the flowers help to seal in moisture in skin. The minerals in orchids exist naturally in the skin; zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper. All in all, it is one of nature's most perfect plants.

256 PANSY EXTRACT Viola Tricolor Extract extracted by macerating the flower and leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An annual, biennial or perennial plant growing to 15 inches with lobed oval leaves and violet, yellow and white pansy-type flowers. Leaves, Flower Native to Europe, North Africa and temperate regions of Asia, it thrives in many habitats from grassy mountainous areas to coastal sites. Flavonoids, Mucilage, Saponin, Salicylates, Rutin, Vitamins A&C Antioxidant, Anti-bacterial, Antiinflammatory, Soothing, Cleansing, Healing, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Pansy, also known as wild violet and heartsease was used traditionally for bronchitis, rheumatism and skin ailments. For skin, it was used both internally and externally as a remedy for eczema, psoriasis, acne and cradlecap. Today, it is considered an anti-aging ingredient, and known for its skin soothing and healing properties. Recent clinical trials have also confirmed its antimicrobial properties. Traditionally, it was believed that an infusion of the plant could induce love and bring peace of mind.

257 PAPAYA EXTRACT Carica Papaya (Papaya) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An herbaceoous tree growing to 25 feet with segmented leaves, yellow flowers and large black-seeded yellow to orange fruit. Fruit Native to tropical America, papaya is now cultivated in tropical regions throughout the world. Proteolytic enzymes (Papain and Chymopapain), Carpinine, Vitamins, Minerals Cleansing, Softening, Antibacterial. Exfoliate, Volumizing for Hair Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This luscious fruit is actually a berry. It s the enzymes in papaya that make it so cleansing and softening. In the Andes Mountains of Peru, natives chop papayas and use them to disinfect wounds.

258 PAPER MULBERRY EXTRACT Broussonetia Papyrifera Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Paper mulberry is a fast-growing, deciduous tree growing to 50 feet. The tree crown is broad and rounded with wide-spreading branches. Paper mulberry leaves are highly variable in size and shape. Bark Paper mulberry is native to Asia, where it was used to produce paper. It was introduced into America in the early 1900s. Flavonoids, 5-(3-2,4- [dihydroxyphenyl]propyl)-3,4-bis(3- methyl-2-butenyl)-1,2-benzenediol Astringent, Antioxidant, Skin Lightening Skin Care Paper Mulberry is used in skin lightening formulations as it contains a component which inhibits tyrosinase activity, the enzyme needed to make melanin. The compound 5-(3-2,4-[dihydroxyphenyl]propyl)-3,4-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,2-benzenediol from the root bark has been shown to inhibit mushroom tyrosinase, to scavenge free radicals, and to depigment UV-induced hyperpigmentation in guinea pigs.

259 PARSLEY EXTRACT Carum Petroselinum (Parsley) Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Parsley is an annual herb, growing to one foot. It has an erect stem with bright green smooth or crinkled leaves and produces small white flowers and tiny ribbed seeds. Whole plant Native to Europe and the eastern Mediterranean. Parsley is now cultivated throughout the world. Flavonoids (apiin, luteolin), Volatile oil (muristicin, apiole), Fatty Acids, Protein, Sugars, Vitamins (A and C) Anti-inflammatory, Anti-microbial Antiseptic, Astringent, Healing, Soothing, Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This aromatic herb from the carrot family is high in fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Antimicrobial and tonic, it is healing, cleansing, and soothing. When rubbed on the scalp, parsley oil purportedly stimulates growth. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair, Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999

260 PASSIONFLOWER EXTRACT Passiflora Incarnata Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A climbing vine growing to 28 feet with three lobed leaves, ornate flowers and egg shaped fruit. Flower/Fruit Native to southern US and to Central and South America, passionflower is now extensively cultivated in Europe as well as North America. Flavonoids (Apigenin), Cyanogenic Glycosides, Indole Alkaloids Skin Softening, Healing, Sedative Skin Care, Spa Passionflower has been used traditionally for anxiety, insomnia, restlessness, epilepsy, and other conditions of hyperactivity. It is included in many pain formulas when discomfort is caused by muscle tension and emotional turmoil. The name Passionflower refers to the passion of Christ: the three stamens represent his wounds, and the 12 petals represent the apostles. Passion fruit is sweet and aromatic, the fruit is used in Hawaiian Punch for flavor. It is used topically to relieve minor skin conditions such as burns, cold sores, insect bites, razor burn, scrapes, and sunburn.

261 PATCHOULY EXTRACT Pogostemon Cablin Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial bushy herb growing to three feet, with a sturdy stem, large fragrant furry leaves and white flowers tinged with purple. Leaves Native to tropical Asia, especially Indonesia and the Philippines and cultivated in India, China, Malaysia and South America. Patchouli Alcohol, Pogostol, Patchoulene, Patchoulenol, Sesquiterpene, Bulnesol, Bulnese Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Astringent, Sedative, Healing, Acne, Varicose Veins, Sensitive Skin Skin Care, Shampoo, Conditioner Patchouly, renowned for its deep, earthy musky fragrance has a long history of use in medicine, perfumery, rituals, and cosmetics. It is used in personal care products for its regenerative effect on skin tone and to help heal eczema and acne by promoting and stimulating new cell growth. It is also used to alleviate varicose veins and hemorrhoids and helps to soothe even the most sensitive skin. As a natural antiseptic, anti-fungal and antibacterial, it is used for dermatitis, athlete's foot, ringworm, parasites, mature and dry skin, scars, inflamed cracked skin, dandruff, to repel bugs, and relieve insect bites.

262 PEACH EXTRACT Prunus Persica (Peach) Fruit Extract A natural plant extract precisely extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small tree growing to ten feet with flowers arranged singly, or in groups of two or more. The round fruit has juicy flesh, fuzzy skin and a poisonous seed inside. Fruit Native of China, today, peaches are the second largest commercial fruit crop in the States, second only to apples. Italy, China and Greece are major producers of peaches outside of the United States. Carotenenoids ( Xantofile), Selenium, Vitamins, Minerals Astringent, Antioxidant, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In China peaches were appreciated for their rejuvenating properties and were considered the symbol of immortality. Peaches are high in phytochemicals and therefore have an excellent antioxidant activity. The fruit is rich in vitamin A in the form of beta carotene, and vitamin C to give immune-boosting benefits. It is also high in iron and potassium, which helps to ensure the proper functioning of cells.

263 PEARL EXTRACT Pearl Extract Natural pearls are nearly 100% nacre. It is thought that natural pearls form under a set of accidental conditions when a microscopic intruder or parasite enters a bivalve mollusk, and settles inside the shell. The mollusk, being irritated by the intruder, secretes the calcium carbonate substance called nacre to cover the irritant. This secretion process is repeated many times, thus producing a pearl. Calcium Carbonate, Protein, Polysaccharides Moisturizing, Anti-Aging, Skin Tone, Skin lightening For centuries, Asian women have used powder made from crushed freshwater pearls in an effort to maintain their youthful appearance. Royal inhabitants of the Chinese Imperial Palace swore by the miraculous rejuvenating effects of pearl powder, which they used for healing, skin brightening, wrinkle prevention, and sun protection. The last Empress Dowager of China found that it improved her complexion, softened her skin, and gave her a more youthful appearance. Pearl powder is recorded as a medicine in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. It has been widely used by doctors and herbalists who practice traditional Chinese medicine. "Doctors who practice TCM believe the calcium and other valuable minerals and amino acids from pearl powder can also be absorbed through the skin. They have found pearl powder, applied externally, speeds the skin's natural metabolism to tone and rejuvenate complexion, heal blemishes, minimize large pores and reduce redness. In studies conducted at the Institute of Endocrinology at Zhejing Medical University in China, powdered sea pearl, mother-of-pearl, and freshwater pearl demonstrated systemic anti-aging and tonic actions.

264 PEAR EXTRACT Pyrus Communis (Pear) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Deciduous tree of the rose family growing to 13 meters with ovate leaves and white or rosy flowers. The fruit is an edible pome. Fruit Native of Europe and West Asia, Pear is now cultivated in the U.S. Beta Carotene, Amino acids, Minerals (Potassium), Vitamins (Vitamin C), Polyunsaturated Acids (Linoleic, Aspartic) Astringent, Antioxidant, Cleansing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The fruit is fragrant with a hint of rose, not surprising since pear is in the rose family. Pear fruit is nutritive, containing high amounts of vitamins, folic acid, amino acids, and potassium. It is also soothing and cleansing.

265 PEONY EXTRACT Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An herbaceous perennial flowering plant growing to 100 cm with large compound leaves. Large round buds open into large flowers. The root is brownish in color and tuberous. Root Native to Asia, peonies were cultivated in both Japan and China for several centuries. The roots and flowers have also been used in European herbal medicine. Paeoniflorin, Proanthocyanidins, Flavonoids, Polysaccharides Astringent, Antiseptic, Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Circulation, Anti-aging Skin Care The root of Chinese peony called bái sháo yào has been used for over 1,500 years in Chinese medicine. Peony root is a famous and highly prized blood tonic used to relax muscle and cleanse the blood. It is also believed to extend life and to promote beauty. An old Chinese saying states that "a woman who consumes peony root regularly becomes as beautiful as the Peony flower itself." A tea made from the dried crushed petals of peony is used as a cough remedy, as a treatment for varicose veins (stimulates circulation) and is known for its anti-aging effect.

266 PEPPERMINT EXTRACT Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Peppermint is a strongly aromatic square-stemmed annual. It grows to 32 inches and has serrated leaves. Leaves Native to Europe and naturalized in North America and Asia. Volatile oil (menthol, menthyl acetate, menthone), Flavonoids (luteolin, rutin, hesperidin), Phenolic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, rosemarinic), Triterpenes, Ursolic acid, Sitosterols, Minerals Antiseptic, Anti-dandruff, Stimulant Shampoo, Skin Care, Muscle Rub Strong, fresh, sweet, and minty, this oil also has balsamic undertones. It s cooling, cleansing, stimulating and invigorating. Antiseptic, toning and anti-inflammatory, this purifying oil is well suited for oily, inflammatory, dermatitis, and dandruff conditions. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair, Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999 Peppermint is very popular in oral care products for freshening and killing germs.

267 PERILLA EXTRACT Perilla Ocymoides Seed Extract Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves or seed of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perilla is an annual plant growing up to 3 feet. It is an ornamental bedding plant with cinnamon-mint scented, green or brightly colored purplish red leaves Leaves and Seed Native to the Far East, but well adapted to the Mediterranean climate. Apigenin, Beta-Carotene, Quercetin, Rosmarinic Acid, Alpha-Linolenic Acid, Anthocyanins Antiseptic, Anti-Inflammatory, Emollient, Moisturizing, Nutritive, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Perilla is also called Shiso in Japan. It is a pungent, warming herb, both edible and medicinal; the leaves are used in Asian cuisine and the essential oil of the plant is aromatic and used as a flavoring for dental products. The entire plant is very nutritious, packed with vitamins and minerals. Perilla has been used for centuries in oriental medicine; there are many scientifically proven medical uses for the plant. The seed supplies nutritious oil and is useful for skin and hair for its emollient benefits. The oil is rich in vitamins and amino acids and 50-60% of the oil is Alpha-Linoleic Acid (ALA), an Omega-3 fatty acid. The high ALA content helps the skin and hair retain moisture.

268 PERSIMMON EXTRACT Diospyros Kaki Fruit Extract A natural plant extract precisely extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Persimmon is a deciduous tree growing to 25 ft with ovate leaves, and yellow white flowers. The fruit is a berry three inches in diameter, with a pale yellow, orange, or red exterior, and orange flesh. Fruit, Leaves Native to China, it spread to Korea and Japan many years ago and was introduced to California in the 1800's. Polyphenols (Ccatechin, Epicatechin, (ECG, EGC, EGCG), Vitamin A, Fiber, Gallic acid, Quercetin, Tannins, Astragalin Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Skin Whitening, Anti-wrinkle, Toning, Nutritive, Astringent Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Persimmon, with its high pectin content was used traditionally for the treatment of digestive disorders. It is a highly nutritious fruit with minerals such as potassium, calcium, manganese, sodium, and iron. Persimmon leaf is used to improve dull skin, making it more transparent and fair. Extracts of persimmon leaf were shown to inhibit tyrosinase, collagenase, and elastase and increase collagen biosynthesis making it useful for anti-wrinkle formulations.

269 PINEAPPLE EXTRACT Ananas Sativus (Pineapple) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial tree growing to three feet with a short sturdy stem, spiny lanceshaped leaves and succulent reddish yellow fruit. Fruit Native to South America it is cultivated throughout the tropics. Proteolytic enzyme (Bromelain), Vitamins, Minerals Cleansing, Softening, Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Pineapple cleanses and brightens skin and helps to restore a healthier more radiant complexion by lifting away dull old skin cells. The enzyme bromelain in pineapple exfoliates, cleanses and softens skin. This tropical fruit is also nourishing to skin.

270 MARITIME PINE EXTRACT Pinus Pinaster Bark/Bud Extract extracted by macerating the bark of the tree. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen coniferous tree growing to 40 meters. The bark is orange-red, thick and deeply fissured. The leaves (needles) are in pairs and the cones grow up to 20 cm long and 5 cm wide. Bark The maritime pine is native to the western Mediterranean, including Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, and Morocco. Flavonoids, Catechins, Proanthocyanidins, Phenolic acids. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Skin Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Maritime pine extract is used as a source of flavonoids, catechins, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids; notably in the patented extract "pycnogenol" used for its antioxidant properties. It is recommended to improve the health and smoothness of the skin, including damage caused by overexposure to sunlight. It has also been shown to help with skin disorders like hyper pigmentation, or too much color in the skin, and erythema, which is too much blood flow to the skin causing redness, spots and blisters.

271 PINE TREE WHITE EXTRACT Pinus Strobus Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark of the tree. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen coniferous tree growing to 70 feet. Eastern white pine commonly reaches 200 years of age and may exceed 450 years. The needles are 2.5 to 5.0 inches Bark The white pine is native to eastern North America Flavonoids, Catechins, Proanthocyanidins, Phenolic acids. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Skin Softener Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Pine bark extract is a powerful antioxidant with flavonoids, catechins, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. Native American Indians valued the tree as a source of medicine. They drank a tea of the inner bark, which contains tannins, as an astringent for diarrhea, and they soaked the bark and applied it to wounds as a soothing plaster. The inner bark was also used for cough remedies because it contains considerable mucilage, which soothes the mucous membranes. Pine oil has some energizing, invigorating aromatherapy benefits and it is helpful for people suffering from loss of concentration and loss of memory.

272 POMEGRANATE EXTRACT Punica Granatum Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous shrub growing to 6 meters, with whorls of lance-shaped leaves, scarlet flowers and round fruit containing pulp-covered seeds. Fruit Native to Iran, Northern India and Southwestern Asia, now cultivated in Europe. Ellagic Acid, Anthocynadins, Polyphenols (Punicalagins), Pantothenic acid, Potassium, Vitamin B Antioxidant, Anti-Aging, Astringent, Emollient, Hair Volumizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products Truly an ancient fruit used for thousands of years medicinally, cosmetically, and magically. Pomegranate was a fertility symbol because of its many seeds. The fruit was featured in Egyptian mythology and art, praised in the Old Testament of the Bible and in the Babylonian Talmud, and was carried by desert caravans for the sake of its thirstquenching juice. Pomegranates are highly antioxidant, due to the deep red pigment in its pearl-like ruby seeds. The rind is highly astringent and good for shampoos and volumizing products. The seeds are good in hair conditioners due to their emollient properties.

273 POPPY FLOWER EXTRACT Papaver Rhoeas Extract extracted by macerating the petals of the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual or biannual plant growing up to 50 centimeters, with four bright red to crimson petals, leaves, seeds and flowers on long stems Flower Native to the Mediterranean and Iran, it is now cultivated in many tropical, subtropical and warm temperate climates. The chief constituent of the fresh petals is the coloring matter, which consists of rhoeadic and papaveric acids. All parts of the plant contain the crystalline, nonpoisonous alkaloid, rhoeadine. Astringent, Mucilagenous Skin Care Red Poppy petals have been used as a coloring agent for hair and for making syrups and drinks, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic. Red poppy syrup is a traditional beverage of Mediterranean countries. The petals are mucilaginous and bitter. They are expectorant and are used for coughs and hoarseness.

274 PRICKLEY PEAR EXTRACT Opuntia Tuna Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial cactus that grows to ten feet, with yellow, red or purple flowers and large pear-shaped berries containing many flattish seeds. Fruit Prickly Pear cacti are found in all of the deserts of the American Southwest. Mucilage, Sugars, Vitamins, Minerals, Flavonoids (Quercetin) Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Soothing, Softening, and Nutritive Skin Care, Shampoo, Conditioner Indigenous Mexican tribes have used this flower and fruit bearing cacti plant as a food staple as well as to treat a variety of ailments and health conditions since Aztec times. Indians of the West Coast in America used Prickley Pear to treat wounds, burns and contusions. Modern herbalists recognize the plants slippery oily juice as a useful emollient used externally to sooth dry skin or used internally as an anti-inflammatory for the digestive and urinary tracts. Soothing and softening to the skin, Prickley Pear relieves sensitivities and protects from environmental damage. It can be used topically like Aloe Vera to help heal minor skin cuts, bug bites, rashes, or even allergic reactions.

275 PUMPKIN EXTRACT Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin) Extract Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the fruit or seed of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An annual plant with twining stems, lobed leaves, yellow flowers and large orange fruit. Fruit or Seed Native to North America, but now found worldwide. Seed: Linoleic and Oleic fatty acids, Cucurbitacins, Vitamins, Minerals, Proteolytic Enzyme Acne, Antioxidant, Exfoliate, Healing, Nutritive, Moisturizing, Circulation, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Pumpkin Seed oil has been used for centuries in Eastern Europe, India and the Americas. The oil contains over 60% of unsaturated fatty acid and is rich in vegetable protein. The seeds from pumpkin contain omega-3 and omega-6 Fatty Acids, Vitamins A, C, E, and Zinc. Proteolytic enzymes derived from the fruit of the pumpkin help to exfoliate and slough off dead skin cells. The natural fruit acids, along with Vitamins A, C, E, minerals and enzymes make it a great breakout inhibitor and pore refiner for skin. It is also effective for dull, sluggish skin as it stimulates circulation, promotes healing, and nourishes, leaving skin glowing and healthy looking.

276 QUILLAIA EXTRACT Quillaia Saponaria Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Quillaia is an evergreen tree that grows to 70 feet. It has glossy oval leaves, white flowers and star shaped fruit. Inner Bark Native to Chili and Peru, today it is cultivated in California and India for medicinal and industrial use. Triterpenoid saponins, Calcium oxalate and Tannins Cleansing, Dandruff, Foaming, Reduces Oil, Styling, Volume and Body, Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care In Peru and Chile, soap bark (quillaia) has traditionally been used by Andean people as an alternative to soap for bathing and for washing clothes. Chevallier, Andrew. The Encylopedia of Medicinal s. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 1996

277 QUINCE EXTRACT Pyrus Cydonia Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Deciduous tree growing to 25 feet, with oval leaves, pink or white flowers and yellow pear-shaped sweet smelling fruit. Seed Native to southwest and central Asia, now cultivated in the Mediterranean. Mucilage, Cyanogenic Glycosides (Amygdalin) Emollient, Soothing, Anti-inflammatory, Skin Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products Quince may be the precious golden apple given to Paris by Venus - it is certainly one of the earliest plants that was cultivated for its value. This cleansing and astringent fruit with its emollient seeds are soothing for skin and hair. Hair gels and setting preparations benefit from the fixative quality of the seed mucilage.

278 RASPBERRY EXTRACT Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous shrub growing to 6 feet with woody stems, pale green leaves with 3-7 leaflets, white flowers and red berries. Fruit Native to the Europe and Asia, raspberry is cultivated in many temperate regions. Polyphenols, Polypeptides, (Amino Acids), Anthocyanins, (Ellagic acid), Flavonols, (Catchins, Quercetin), Pectin, Fruit Sugars, Fruit Acids, Salicylic Acid, Vitamin C Antioxidant, Anti-aging, Antiinflammatory, Astringent, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Exfolliate, Healing Skin care, Shampoo, Conditioner Red raspberries are made up of a powerful blend of antioxidants including vitamin C, quercetin and catechins that fight against age related skin damage. Raspberry is high in ellagic acid, a known chemopreventative that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory benefits. A study published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology in 2006 showed that the ellagic acid in raspberries prevents elasticity of skin from degradation and enhances elasticity in aged skin. Citric acid, the second largest component in raspberries also acts as an antioxidant and helps stimulate collagen fiber production within the dermis.

279 RED CLOVER EXTRACT Trifolium Pratense (Clover) Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial plant growing to 16 inches with a hairy upright stem, leaves with a white crescent marking and pink flower heads. Flower Native to the Europe and Asia, and naturalized in North America. Isoflavonoids (Genistein, Equol, Isoequol, Dehydroequol), Phenolic Glycosides, Flavonoids, Fatty acids, Minerals, Vitamins Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, UV Protection, Anti-microbial Skin care, Shampoo, Conditioner Similar to soy, red clover has high concentrations of four major isoflavones that have estrogenic properties. Isoflavones are known to be effective in the treatment of menopausal conditions such as hot flashes, osteoporosis and cardiac health. Red clover's anti-inflammatory properties make the herb useful for treating psoriasis, eczema, acne, rashes, and other skin diseases. Because it is mild, it is one of the most useful remedies for children with skin problems - it also makes an excellent nutritional supplement for children. A study done in Australia showed that topical application of lotion containing genistein, equol, and isoequol protect skin from inflammation and immune suppression induced by UV radiation.

280 RED WINE EXTRACT Wine Extract prepared by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The grapevine is a perennial that produces clusters of pale green flowers. The fruit has green, yellow, or reddishpurple skins, and two to four seeds inside the pulpy flesh. Grapes are grown in warm temperate regions of the world Fruit Resveratrol, Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (OPCs, Anthocyanins (grape skin extract), and Catechins (grape leaf extract), Quercetin, Alpha Lipoic Acid Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care OPCs in grape skins have shown to protect collagen and elastin from degradation by collagenases and elastases. There are good anti-inflammatory and skin hydration properties in a particular polyphenol resveratrol with respect to the external anti-aging capabilities of the grape. "Resveratrol is many, many times more potent than vitaminbased antioxidants like C and E that we've used for years in skincare," says Richard A. Baxter, M.D., author of a groundbreaking paper on the benefits of resveratrol in skincare products published in the March 2008 issue of the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology.

281 REISHI MUSHROOM EXTRACT Ganoderma Lucidum Extract extracted by macerating the cap and stalk. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Reishi is a large, dark, mushroom with a glossy exterior. Whole mushroom (cap & stalk) Rarely found in nature, it grows in densely wooded mountains in high humidity and dim lighting. Polysaccharides (beta D-glucan), Triterpenes (Ganoderic acids), Alkaloids, Glucosides, B Vitamins (pantothenic acid), Protein, EFA s, Vitamins C,D Acne, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-bacterial, Antioxidant, Calming, Hair Loss, Skin Lightening, Adaptogenic, Circulation Booster, Healing, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Reishi is the Japanese name for the Ganoderma family of mushrooms. Reishi is highly regarded in traditional medicine and is widely consumed in the belief that it promotes health and longevity and boosts the immune system. It has been used for thousands of years as a miraculous remedy for a variety of diseases including wounds, inflammation and ulcers. Chinese women take Reishi for beautification of the skin and it is included in many Japanese patents for hair loss formulas.

282 RICE EXTRACT Oryza Sativa (Rice) Extract extracted by macerating the grain. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The rice plant can grow to two meters high. The grass has long slender leaves. The edible seed is a grain. Seed Native to South Asia and certain parts of Africa, centuries of trade has made rice common worldwide. Protein, Vitamins, Minerals, Fatty Acids, Lecithin, Niacin Photosterols, Gammaoryzanol,Tocotrienol Bran: Fatty Acids, Oryzanol, Vitamin E Antioxidant, Softening, Moisturizing, Hair Volume, Shine, Split Ends, UV properties, Exfolliant, Skin regeneration Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Rice Bran Extract/Purple Rice Extract/Black Rice Extract. The history and the use of rice bran goes back 1200 years in Japan. Valued for its cosmetic benefits, Japanese beauties have been using the brown outer layer of the rice kernel for centuries to achieve their legendary flawless complexions. Rice Bran oil, one of the most gentle oils, is rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins and essential oils. It has skin softening and moisturizing properties and is excellent for sensitive, mature and even delicate baby skin. Rice protein is great for fine, limp hair, as it is able to penetrate the hair shaft and expand its diameter for noticeably thicker hair. Protein also helps to strengthen the hair shaft and prevent split ends. The oryzanol compound in rice bran has been shown to have UV properties and is used in sunscreen products and hair conditioners. Oryzanol also is used for skin whitening products. Rice bran makes an effective exfoliant and contains phytic acid, a B-complex vitamin that helps to improve blood circulation and stimulate cell turnover when used topically, according to Japanese studies.

283 ROOIBOS EXTRACT Aspalathus Linearis Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Rooibos is a member of the legume family of plants. The rooibos shrub can grow up to 2 meters, it has a red stem and dark green needle shaped leaves. Rooibos produces small yellow flowers in spring. Leaves Rooibos is grown only in the Cedarberg area and around the villages Clanwilliam and Citrusdal, which are situated to the north of Cape Town in South Africa. Aspalathin, Nothofagin, Caffeic Acid, Chrysoeriol, Isoquercitrin, Orientin, Isoorientin, Luteolin, Vitexin, Isovitexin, Luteolin, Rutin, Flavonoids, Quercetin, Polyphenols Anti-Aging, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Nutritive, Hair Growth Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Rooibos has promising effects when applied topically to skin and hair. A French study investigated the use of rooibos for use in cosmetic applications and found that hair lotion containing Rooibos promoted faster hair growth, improved overall hair condition and caused no allergic reactions. The Japanese have promoted rooibos as an antiaging tea ever since Japanese studies in the 1960's discovered that it contains a powerful antioxidant which is thought to retard aging and quercetin which is believed to have potent anti-inflammatory properties.

284 ROSEMARY EXTRACT Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Rosemary is a strongly aromatic evergreen shrub that grows to 7 feet. It has narrow, dark green pine like leaves. Leaves Native to the Mediterranean, it grows free in much of southern Europe and is cultivated throughout the world. Phenolic acids (rosmarinic, chorogenic, caffeic acids), Amino acids, Phenolic Diterpenoid bitter substances (carnosic acid, carnosol, epirsmanol, isoromarol), Triterpenoid acids, Flavonoids Antioxidant, Anti-aging, Antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Astringent, Conditioning, Dandruff, Detangler, Hair Growth, Moisturizing, Nourishing, Purifying, Sheen to Dark Hair, Repair, Strengthening, Stimulating, Volumizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The aqueous solution of the extract is used to darken the hair and also as a hair rinse to prevent the hair from falling out and to add sheen. The tincture is used as a hair restorer. The essential oil is used to add sheen. D Amelio, Frank Sr. Botanicals A Phytocosmetic Desk Reference. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999 Rosemary has been used since ancient times as a tonic, a stimulant, for nervous tension and to improve and strengthen memory. It stimulates circulation of blood. Rosemary s anti-inflammatory effect is due mainly to rosmarinic acid and flavonoids. The flavonoids also strengthen the capillaries. Rosemary is an excellent scalp and hair tonic, good for dandruff and it encourages hair growth.

285 ROSE EXTRACT Rose Extract A natural plant extract precisely extracted by macerating the flower This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous shrub with prickly stems, serrated leaves of up to nine leaflets, fragrant flowers and autumn hips. Flower Native to the Middle East, Europe and temperate areas of Asia and North America, the rose has been cultivated for 3000 years. Volatile oil (geraniol, farnesol, nerol, citronellol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, eugenol, terpenes) Astringent, Cleansing, Healing, Toning, Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Skin Regenerative, Moisturizing, Softening, Stimulating, Aphrodisiac Skin care, Shampoo, Conditioner Rose can be used to improve clogged and dehydrated skin as will as calm sensitive and tired skin. Rose water effectively tones the face and neck Unadulterated rose oil fights wrinkles and reduces puffiness in the eye area. Mufti, Jabbar and Macchio, Ralph, Happi. May 2000 Rose petal is widely accepted herbal skin toner and conditioning agent, it is used as a skin antiseptic, skin softener, coolant, anti-inflammatory, astringent and styptic. In ancient Rome, roses were often added to celebratory cuisine, and Middle Eastern fare still includes roses in numerous desserts. In America candied rose petals were a favorite during the Victorian era. Roses are also eaten as an aphrodisiac.

286 SAGE EXTRACT Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Sage is an evergreen growing to one foot. It has a square stem and hairy gray-green or purple leaves and produces a mass of deep blue or violet flowers. Leaves Native to the Mediterranean, Sage is cultivated all around the world. It thrives in sunny conditions. Catechin-type tannins (salviatannin), Phenolic acids (rosmarinic, caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic, and gallic acids), Flavonoids, Volatile Oil Antibacterial, Anti-oxidant, Astringent, Cleansing, Perspiration-inhibiting, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This fragrant herb is purifying, antimicrobial, cleansing, and astringent. Like rosemary, it is a tremendous conditioner for the hair. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999 Traditionally, sage leaves were used externally to treat sprains, swelling, ulcers and bleeding, and were commonly used in tea form to treat sore throats and coughs. Sage is considered to be a good medicinal herb for hair, used to treat eczema and dandruff. For skin, it helps reduce excessive perspiration. Sage tea appears to have a mild calming effect.

287 SANDALWOOD EXTRACT Santalum Album (Sandalwood) Wood Extract extracted by macerating the wood. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Sandalwood is an evergreen tree growing to 30 feet with lance-shaped leaves, clusters of pale yellow to purple flowers and small black fruit. Wood Native to eastern India, Sandalwood is cultivated in Southeast Asia for its wood and essential oil. Sesquiterpenes, Sesquiterpenals, Sesquiterpenols (Sanatol), Santyl Acetate, Santalene, Acne, Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-itch, Astringent, Moisturizing, Softening, Calming Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Sandalwood has been in use for at least 4,000 years, and is one of the oldest incense materials used for calming and meditation. Externally, it is the classic choice for dry skin. It relieves itching and inflammation of the skin and acts as an antiseptic for treating acne. In Ayurvedic medicine a paste of the wood is used to soothe rashes and itchy skin.

288 SAW PALMETTO EXTRACT Serenoa Serrulata Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the berries. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Saw Palmetto bushes grow from 6 to 9 feet tall. It has leaves with 20 or more blades that fan out more than 2 feet. The berries ripen in autumn. Application: Berries Indigenous to North America, it can be found growing in sand dunes along the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts. Free Fatty Acids and Sterols (lauric acid, myristic acid), 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor blocks the production of hormones (DHT) associated with hair loss Shampoo, Conditioner, Styling Products By blocking the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase and the formation of dihydrotestosterone, this herb has the potential to prevent the progressive miniaturization of hair follicles. In other works, by acting as a antiandrogen, it can block the progressive loss of hair. Conquering Hair Loss, A summary of Chapter 15.

289 SEA BUCKTHORN EXTRACT Hippophae Rhamnoides Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A thorny deciduous shrub growing to 15 feet, with narrow silvery leaves, male or female flowers, and clusters of brownish orange flowers. Fruit Native to Europe, Russia and Asia, Sea buckthorn grows mainly in sandy coastal areas and in dry riverbeds in mountainous regions. Vitamins C & E, Flavonoids, Folic Acid, Carotenoids, Omega Fatty Acids including Omega 3 s, Palmitoleic acid Anti-oxidant, Anti-Aging, Acne, Anti inflammatory, Cell Regeneration, Healing, Emollient, UV Protection Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Sea Buckthorn is used for its nourishing, revitalizing and restorative benefits in anti-aging and medicinal skin care. The fruit is beneficial for hair, according to ancient Greek legend, the name hippophae, means shiny horse, and refers to the good coat developed by horses feeding off the plant. Due to the high content of nutrients essential for the metabolism of skin cells, sea buckthorn is used to treat wrinkles, dryness and other symptoms of aging skin. The UV-spectrum of the oil shows a moderate absorption in the UV-B range, which makes it useful in sun care cosmetics.

290 SHEA NUT EXTRACT Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea Butter) Extract extracted by macerating the seed. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small gnarled deciduous tree that grows to 50 feet and remains fully productive for more than 100 years. The green plum-shaped fruit consists of a thin, tart, nutritious pulp that surrounds a relatively large, oil-rich seed. Seed Native to the Savannah regions of the Sudan in Africa, headwater regions of the Niger and the upper Nile. Triglycerides, Oleic acid, Triterpene alcohols, Vitamin E, Provitamin A, Allantoin. Anti-inflammatory, Anti-itch, Anti-aging, Moisturizing, Soothing, UV Protection Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Shea Butter is an intense moisturizer, and is wonderful for revitalizing dull or dry skin for the body and the scalp. It has been used for centuries in Africa for its moisturizing and healing properties. Shea Butter is naturally rich in Vitamins A, E, and F, to help soothe, hydrate, and balance skin and maintain collagen. It contains essential fatty acids that help promote skin renewal, increase circulation, and accelerate wound healing. Used in hair, shea moisturizes and stimulates hair growth as well as protects from UV radiation.

291 SHIITAKE MUSHROOM EXTRACT Lentinus Edodes Extract extracted by macerating the cap and stalk. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Shiitake mushrooms have brown, slightly convex caps that range in diameter from about two to four inches. They grow on stumps or trunks of trees. Whole mushroom (cap & stalk) Shiitake are native to China but have also been grown in Japan. They have been cultivated for over 1000 years Polysaccharides (Lentinan), Beta D- Glucans, Eritadenine, L-ergothioneine, Kojic Acid, Amino Acids, Essential Fatty Acids, Vitamins, Minerals (Selenium) Antioxidant, Anti-viral, Skin Lightening, Anti-inflammatory, Skin Elasticity, Healing, Astringent, Circulation Booster, Healing, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Shiitaki is a rich source of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins and minerals. Revered in Asian medicine for its health-promoting effects, it boosts the immune system, lowers cholesterol, works as an anticoagulant and is helpful in cancer treatment. Kojic acid from shiitake prevents the formation of melanin in skin, resulting in a brighter more even skin tone. The legendary benefits of this unique fungus have been traced to two primary compounds, lentinan and eritadenine.

292 SILK EXTRACT Silk Extract A natural extract, precisely extracted by macerating the cocoon material. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage the constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Silk is derived from silkworm cocoon. Cocoon Native to China, and introduced into Europe and western Asia in the 6 th century and into North America in the 18 th century. Protein (alanine, glycine and serine) Anti-aging, Anti-Wrinkle, Moisturizing, Healing, Sun Protection, Hair Volumizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Silk derived from the silkworm has a natural protein that functions as a hair and skin conditioning agent. Silk protein is suitable for treating oily skin as it has the unique ability to absorb excess sebum. It is commonly found in eye rejuvenation creams as it prevents skin dehydration, and, as it binds moisture, it is used as a film-forming agent to care for dry, damaged hair. Silk protein is healing for skin, reduces wrinkling and possesses UV ray inhibiting properties. It also increases hair volume and improves its manageability and overall structure.

293 SILK TREE EXTRACT Albizia Julibrissin Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A small to medium size tree in the pea family growing up to 40 feet. Its fern like leaves are finely divided with showy and fragrant pink flowers that resemble pompoms. The fruit are flat 6 inch long pods with seeds. The bark is light brown and smooth. Bark Native to southern and eastern Asia, Silk tree was introduced to the US in Flavonol Glycosides (Quercetrin), Saponins Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Boosts Blood Circulation Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Silk Tree is also known as mimosa, or silky acacia. In Chinese traditional medicine, it is known as Ho Huan and the bark provides the drug He Huan Pi. The flowers and bark of the mimosa tree are among the most valued of Chinese botanicals for relieving anxiety, stress and depression. The bark is thought to anchor the spirit, while the flowers lighten it. Externally, It is applied to injuries and swelling, it alleviates pain due to trauma or abscesses and shrinks inflamed tissues. Japanese researchers have suggested that Silk Tree has adaptogenic effects.

294 SKULLCAP EXTRACT Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Baical skullcap is a perennial growing to 4 feet with lance shaped leaves and purplish-blue flowers. Root Application: Indigenous to China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia and Russia. Flavonoids,(Baicalein, Baicalin, Wogonin) Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Sedative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Extracts of skullcap are used in skin care products especially, acne creams, and lotions for their astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Baical (traditional Chinese herbal) remedies have been used to treat skin sores, swelling, boils and other skin disorders. Stimulating the circulatory system, scullcap may help venous problems and fragile capillaries. Scullcap is also a native North American remedy for anxiety and stress.

295 SOAPWORT EXTRACT Saponaria Officinalis Extract extracted by macerating the root and aerial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Perennial growing to a height of 3 feet, with lance-shaped leaves and clusters of delicate tubular pink flowers. Root, Aerial parts Native to temperate regions of Europe, Asia and North America, Soapwort thrives in open woodland areas. Saponins, Volatile Oil Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Cleansing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Soapwort has been used as a soap and detergent for hundreds of years. In ancient times, soapwort was used to clean fabrics and was the first laundry detergent used by ancient people. The leaves are rich in natural surfactants (saponins) which form a natural lather ideal for cleansing the skin. Soapwort extracts are used in cleansers, make-up removers, and shampoos. The roots of the plant have medicinal (diuretic and expectorant) properties and are also used to treat skin disorders such as acne.

296 SOYBEAN EXTRACT Glycine Soja (Soybean) Seed Extract made by macerating soybeans. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This annual plant grows to 5 feet. It has leaves with 3 leaflets, white or purple flowers, and pods with 2 to 4 beans Beans Native to southwestern Asia, soybean is now cultivated worldwide in warm temperate regions. Isoflavones (diadzien, genistein, glycitein), Essential Fatty Acids, Saponins, Phytosterols, Minerals, Protein, Vitamins Anti-aging, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Sun Protection, Anti-wrinkle Skin Lightening, Hair Growth, Softening Shampoo, Conditioner, Styling Products, Skin Care, Sun Care As an incredible source of valuable nutrients, soybean has been proven to restore skin and hairs radiance and natural beauty. Softening and hydrating, soybean is rich in fatty acids, which are key for maintaining and restoring the texture and balance of skin. Soy s anti-oxidants and vitamins help to prevent the appearance of wrinkles. Amino acids are important for healthy hair and for superior hair growth and soy is one of the richest sources of proteins. Soy is also known to have lightening properties for skin.

297 SPIRULINA EXTRACT Spirulina Maxima Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A blue green microscopic algae, spirulina is a trichome composed of a single spiral-shaped cell that actively moves in a corkscrew fashion. Whole plant Found in lakes, particularly those rich in salts, in Central and South American and Africa. Amino acids, Beta Carotene, Vitamins (B9, B12, E), Proteins, Minerals (Calcium, Potassium, Sodium, Copper, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Manganese, Iron), Gamma Linolenic Acid, Chlorophyl Anti-aging, Anti-wrinkle, Antiinflammatory, Collagen Development, Antioxidant, Nourishing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Spirulina is a single cell freshwater algae found in lakes and ponds. It has been consumed for thousands of years by Mexican (Aztecs, Mayans), African, and Asian peoples. It is the worlds highest known source of protein, richest source of vitamin B12 and high A, B1,B2, B6, D,E & K. It is also a rich source of Gamma-linolenic acid, an essential fatty acid (of the omega 6 family) with anti-inflammatory properties.

298 STARFRUIT EXTRACT Averrhoa Carambola Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The carambola is a slow-growing, shorttrunked evergreen tree that grows to 30 feet. It has fragrant pink to lavender flowers. Carambola fruits are ovate to five inches long, with 5 or 6 ribs. Slices cut in cross-section are star shaped. Fruit Originally from Sri Lanka and the Moluccas, and cultivated in Southeast Asia and Malaysia for several hundred years. Today, star fruit flourishes in south Florida and Hawaii. Vitamins C & A, Beta carotene, Calcium, Potassium Antioxidant, Astringent, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care A waxy, golden-yellow fruit tasting of citrus, apple, and plum, Starfruit is known as one of the super fruits, because of its high nutritional value. It is a good source of vitamin C, and contains some beta-carotene, which is converted into vitamin A in the body. It also has small amounts of potassium, iron, magnesium and calcium.

299 ST. JOHN S WORT EXTRACT Hypericum Perforatum Extract extracted by macerating the flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial growing one foot with bright yellow flowers in a flat topped cluster. Flowers Native to the Britain and Europe, St. John s Wort grows wild throughout much of the world. Hypericin, Pseudohypericin, Flavonoids, Volatile Oil Antibacterial, Astringent, Antiinflammatory, Anti-viral, Healing, Tonic, Sedative Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care St. John's Wort was once thought to rid the body of evil spirits. It has a history of medicinal use dating back to ancient Greece, where it was used to treat a range of illnesses, including various nervous conditions. Early Christians named the plant in honor of St. John the Baptist because they believed it released its blood-red oil on the 29th of August, the day the saint was beheaded. St. John's Wort has antibacterial and antiviral properties and has been used for its anti-inflammatory benefits to help heal wounds and burns.

300 STRAWBERRY EXTRACT Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Low growing perennial herb spread by runners. It has 3 lobed leaves, white flowers and small red berries. Fruit Native to Europe and temperate regions of Asia. The leaves and fruit are gathered in early summer. Flavonoids (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol), Proanthocyanins, Malic acid Citric acid, Mucilage, Pectin, Vitamins, Folic Acid, Alpha Hydroxy Acids (salicylic) Astringent, Antioxidant, Acne, Antiinflammatory, Cleansing, Exfoliate, Nutritive, Soothing, Toning, Hair Shine Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care A cut Strawberry rubbed over the face immediately after washing will whiten the skin and remove slight sunburn. Grieve, A Modern Herbal, Grieve. New York: Dover Publications Inc Strawberries can be used for conditioning and toning the skin. They are rich in salicylic acid, an ingredient found in many acne creams and thus are the best treatment for acne-prone skin. Strawberry extract will help to tone the skin, lighten any pigmentation problems and keep the skin smooth and supple. Rich in polyphenols and vitamin C, Strawberry has soothing properties, and provides protection for the skin (scalp). It is high in fruit acids (alpha-hydroxy acids), which exfoliate and renew skin. All skin types benefit from these remarkably effective fruit acids.

301 SUMA EXTRACT Pfaffia Paniculata Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Suma is a large, rambling, shrubby ground vine with an intricate, deep, and extensive root system. Root Indigenous to the Amazon basin and other tropical parts of South America. Allantoin, B-Ecdysterone, Germanium, Pfaffosides, Saponins, Glycosides, Nortriterpenes Antibacterial, Aptaptogen, Antiinflammatory, Astringent, Anti-oxidant, Healing, Tonic, Aphrodisiac, Hair Smoothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In South America Suma is known as para toda meaning for all things. South American Natives have used Suma for centuries to treat wounds, skin rashes, and low energy. Also called Brazilian Ginseng, it is an adaptogenic herb, which can regulate and enhance many systems of the body. It is valuable nutritionally, with vitamins, minerals and amino acids, and is considered to be one of the richest sources of B-Ecdysterone - believed to help maintain youth and strength. B-Ecdysterone and allantoin are used to accelerate wound healing. A patent has been filed on the topical use of Suma claiming that it strengthens the water barrier function of the skin and gives the skin a smoother, softer appearance as well as improved hair appearance.

302 SUNFLOWER EXTRACT Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Extract extracted by macerating the seeds. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Annual herb with a rough hairy stem 2-12 feet high with broad leaves and circular heads of yellow flowers 3-6 inches wide. The flowers follow the sun by day, always facing toward its direct rays. Seed Native to North America, sunflower is now cultivated in Eastern Europe and is an important food source. Omega 6 Fatty Acid, Selenium, Magnesium, Folate, Zinc Antioxidant, Nutritive, Anti-inflammatory Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care In Peru, The Aztecs revered Sunflower - in the temples of the Sun the priestesses were crowned with sunflowers. The seed, rich in oil, is used in anti-aging products and gives a wonderful feel to lotions and creams. Rich in selenium, sunflower seed preserves tissue elasticity and slows down aging and hardening of tissues caused by oxidation. It contains Omega 6 Fatty acids, which are good for treating skin disorders such as psoriasis and eczema.

303 TAMARIND EXTRACT Tamarindus Indica Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen tree growing to 80 feet with fine compound leaves, clusters of orange-yellow flowers, and brittle graybrown seed pods (fruit) containing up to 12 round seeds. Fruit The tamarind is native to tropical Africa and grows wild throughout the Sudan. It is well adapted to semiarid tropical conditions, and does well in many humid tropical areas of the world with seasonally high rainfall. Polysaccharides, Tartaric, Citric, and Malic acids, Potassium bitartrate, Pectin Astringent, Antiseptic, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Tamarind is a very well known plant used for its culinary and medicinal benefits. Ancient cultures, including the Egyptians used tamarind seeds to treat diabetes, fevers and intestinal conditions. Extracts of tamarind fruits and leaves were used in body lotions and added to deepen the color of turmeric- or henna-based red hair dyes. Today, the extracts are used in face masks, lip balms, body butters and soaps.

304 TANGERINE EXTRACT Citrus Reticulata (Tangerine) Extract extracted by macerating the peel of the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Tangerine is an evergreen small spiny tree with glossy leaves, fragrant flowers and loose-skinned, sweet fruits. Peel Native to South-eastern Asia and the Philippines, it is now cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics. Essential Oil, (limonene, linalool, nerol, geraniol, methyl methylanthranilate), Vitamin C, Carotene Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Cleansing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Orange extract is great for sensitive dry skin and skin with broken capillaries. The essential oil of orange peel with its flavonoids and vitamins is a mild sedative, aids dermatitis, oily skin and is good for cellulite. It is relaxing, relieves nervous tension and cold like symptoms. Its sweating action speeds out toxins in congested skin and helps prevent dry skin, wrinkles and dermatitis. It is also used in compresses to open pores.

305 TEA TREE EXTRACT Melaleuca Alternifolis (Tea Tree) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An evergreen growing to 7 feet, with layers of papery bark, pointed leaves and white flower spikes. Leaves Native to Australia, flourishing in moist soils in northern New South Wales and Queensland. Volatile oil, Terpinen-4-ol, Gamma- Terpinene, Alpha-Terpinene, Cineol Acne, Antiseptic, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, Anti-inflammatory, Healing, Anti-dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Tea tree is a traditional Aboriginal remedy. Native Australians used oil extracted from the tree's needles for hundreds, and possibly thousands of years. Today, the antiseptic properties of tea tree are well established. Topical tea tree oil preparations have been effective for the treatment of moderate acne, bug bites, boils and minor wounds. A known antifungal agent, shampoo with 5% tea tree oil has been shown to be an effective treatment for dandruff.

306 THYME EXTRACT Thymus Vulgaris (Thyme) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves and flowers. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Thyme is an aromatic shrub growing to 16 inches. It has woody stems, small leaves and pink flowers. Leaves and flowers Native to southern Europe and now cultivated worldwide. It prefers light chalky soils. Volatile oil, (thymol, methylchavicol, cineole, borneol), Flavonoids (apigenin, luteolin), Tannin Acne, Antibacterial, Antiseptic, Counterirritant, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care This aromatic herb is stimulating, antimicrobial, and antiseptic. It has an equalizing effect on oily skin. Thyme oil stimulates blood circulation, invigorating the scalp, making this a desirable oil in hair loss or thinning formulas. Janssen, Mary Beth. Naturally Healthy Hair. Vermont: Storey Publishing, 1999 Thyme is a nerve tonic used externally to treat depression, colds, muscular pain and respiratory problems. The oil is added to acne lotions and mouthwashes. Research has confirmed Thyme strengthens the immune system. Thyme oils are also prescribed to rid the body of parasites, both internal (e.g. intestinal worms) and external (e.g. lice, fleas etc.).

307 TIARE EXTRACT Gardenia Florida Flower Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous shrub growing to 2 meters with green leaves, fragrant solitary flowers on a stout stalk, and elliptical fruit. Flower Native to Polynesia Volatile Oil Anti-inflammatory, Used as Eyewash Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care, Styling products Fragrant and beautiful, these flowers have been used by Polynesian women to scent their hair. The flowers are combined with coconut oil to make Monoi Oil to beautify hair and skin. In Polynesia, the flower buds are used to treat inflammations, and an infusion of the flowers is used for headaches.

308 TOMATO EXTRACT Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The tomato plant is a warm-season perennial that is grown as an annual in summer. The tomato plant grows to 3 meters. It has green leaves and small yellow flowers. The fruit is green when unripe and become deep red when ripe. Fruit A member of the nightshade family, tomatoes originated in South America. Today, the tomato plant is cultivated worldwide. Lycopene, Vitamins A,C &E, Minerals, Beta carotene, Lutein, Flavonoids (Quercetin). Astringent, Antioxidant, Purifying, Exfoliating, Pore Refining, UV Protection, Skin Lightening Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Tomato pulp is an extremely beneficial skin wash for people with oily skin. It is used as a treatment for burns and sunburn. Tomatoes are known to be a good source of lycopene, a powerful antioxidant.

309 TRUFFLE (WHITE) EXTRACT Tuber Magnatum Extract extracted by macerating the whole plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Edible fungi that grows underground. Whole Truffle (cap and stem) Truffles indigenous to France and Italy are the most desired. Truffles are associated with the roots of oak trees and can be found at depths of twelve inches. Protein, Vitamin B Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Skin Conditioning, Skin Lightening, Moisturizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care White truffle, has been given the name white diamond and is known for skin lightening and de-pigmentation. Research shows black and white truffles to be effective for inhibiting melanin production and having some antibacterial properties. As a rich source of B vitamins, truffle plays an important role in skin care; vitamin B1 improves blood flow, resulting in more glowing, healthy skin, vitamin B3, or niacin, and vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid are a wonderful hydrators. Truffle is thought to lift and firm the skin, acting as a natural botox; lighten the skin; boost natural collagen; exfoliate, tone, soothe, detoxify and stimulate skin. For hair, vitamin B is known to enhance the strength of the hair, condition, reduce split ends.

310 TURMERIC EXTRACT Curcuma longa (Turmeric) Root Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial that grows to three feet with bright green lily-like leaves and pale yellow flowers. Turmeric comes from the root of the plant which has a tough brown skin and a deep orange flesh. Root Native of South East Asia, Tumeric is now cultivated in Bengal, China, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Java. Peru. Australia and the West Indies. Curcumin, Iron, Manganese, Vitamin B6 Anti-inflammatory, Antiseptic, Antioxidant, Cleansing, Healing, Acne, Antiaging, Anti-wrinkle, UV Protection Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Turmeric, an ancient spice that is part of the ginger family is used as a powerful antiinflammatory in both the Chinese and Indian systems of medicine. It is used to treat digestive and liver problems, skin diseases and wounds, and is a very effective tonic and blood purifier. The healing and sunscreen benefits of Turmeric have made it useful as an ingredient in cosmetics. Turmeric has been known to improve skin complexion and also reduce hair growth on body. The antiseptic benefits of Turmeric are useful in skin care for disinfecting cuts and burns, and in hair care for the treatment of dandruff.

311 VALERIAN ROOT EXTRACT Valeriana Officinalis Extract extracted by macerating the root. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Erect perennial growing to 4 feet with pinnate, divided leaves and pink flowers. Root Native to Europe and northern Asia, Valerian grows wild in damp conditions. Volatile oil, Iridoids Alkaloids Sedative, Acne Bath Products, Skin Care, Spa Valerian has been used as a sedative and anti-anxiety treatment for more than 2000 years. Clinical trials have demonstrated that valerian extract is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate sleeping disorders and states of restlessness and tension. The root of the plant is believed to contain its active constituents. Externally, valerian has been used to treat sores and acne.

312 VANILLA EXTRACT Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Vanilla orchid is the only orchid that can produce edible fruit. The orchid is fragrant and short lived. The plant is a perennial vine that climbs up to meters by means of ariel roots. The flowers must be hand pollinated to produce fruit called a bean, a long dark pod containing thousands of seeds. Fruit Native to Central America, Vanilla has a long history of pre-columbian usage. Vanillin, Polyphenols, Sugars, Minerals Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive Bath Products, Skin Care, Spa The vanilla plant is a source of catechins (also known as polyphenols), which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. Vanilla is used in lotions, bath oil and shampoos for its ability to nourish dry, itchy skin and dull hair. Vanilla aroma calms emotions, eases nervous tension, frustration and irritation. Its nostalgic scent promotes self-confidence, sensuality and restful dreams. Scientists have recently discovered that the scent of vanilla literally fools the brain into thinking it s not hungry.

313 VELVET FLOWER EXTRACT Amaranthus Caudatus Seed Extract extracted by macerating the flower. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A sturdy upright annual growing to about 3 feet. It has deeply veined lanceshaped leaves and tufts of small deep crimson flowers on long spikes. Ariel parts Native to India, Amaranth grows wild in many countries. Betacyanins, Tocopherols, Linoleic acid, Squalene Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive, Skin Soothing Hair Care, Skin Care Velvet flower goes by common names such as love-lies-bleeding, pendant amaranth, tassel flower, foxtail amaranth, and quilete. Many parts of the plants, including the leaves and seeds, are edible, and are frequently used as a source of food in India and South America - where it is known as Kiwicha. The red color of the inflorescences is due to a high content of betacyanins, like in the related species known as "Hopi Red Dye" Amaranth. Amaranthus caudatus has high amounts of tocopherols, tocotrienols, linoleic acid, and squalene, nutrients that help to restore smoothness and moisture to skin.

314 SWEET VIOLET EXTRACT Viola Odorata Extract extracted by macerating the flower and leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Creeping perennial growing to 6 inches with toothed oval leaves and violet-blue or white flowers. Leaves, Flower Native to Europe and Asia, Sweet Violet is a common wayside plant also found along roadsides and in woodland. Phenolic Glycosides (Gaultherin), Saponins (Myrosin and Vioilin), Flavonoids, Alkaloid, (Odoratine), Mucilage, Salicylic Acid Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Emollient Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Sweet Violet has a long and proven history of folk use as a cough remedy and an anti cancer herb. The whole plant is anti-inflammatory, emollient, and contains salicylic acid. Externally it is has been used to treat mouth and throat infections as well as to treat skin conditions. Hair care benefits include cleansing, conditioning and moisturizing. Sweet Violet contains saponins, which contribute to the cleansing properties, and mucilages, which contribute to its conditioning and moisturizing abilities. The flowers are edible and can be used in salads, made into jelly or candied for decoration.

315 BLACK WALNUT EXTRACT Juglans Nigra (Black Walnut) Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. bark and hull. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree with a short trunk and broad, deep round-topped, open crown and dark glossy leaves. The fruit is an elongated-ovate containing a four-ribbed nut pointed at one end. Leaves, Bark, Hull Eastern United States. Juglone, Alphahydrojuglone, Ellagic acid, Protein, Tannin Antiseptic, Astringent, Hair Dye, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care The leaves, bark, and shell of the Black Walnut tree produce a dark dye used to color hair. It is also used in tanning preparations. Walnut is a longevity symbol in India. It is cleansing and astringent for hair & skin and the leaves can repel insects. Walnut bark is used as a dentifrice in Pakistan.

316 WATERCRESS EXTRACT Nasturtium Officinale Extract extracted by macerating its aerial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. Aquatic perennial growing to 2 feet, with compound leaves, spikes of white flowers and small sickle shaped pods. Aerial Parts Found in temperate regions throughout the world, watercress thrives along or in fresh running water. Vitamins (high Vitamin C), Minerals, Arginine, Aspartic-acid, Beta-carotene, Biotin, Folacin, Glutamic-acid, Glycine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Lysine, Methionine, Pantothenic-acid, Phenylalanine, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, and Valine Strengthen & Thicken Hair, Healing, Anti-dandruff, Acne, Anti-inflammatory, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care This nourishing salad green is also good for hair and skin. Its high Vitamin C, amino acid, and mineral content make it stimulating and cleansing as well as nutritive to strengthen and thicken hair. Watercress is high in sulfur-containing amino acids (such as cystine and methionine) that are fundamental to produce keratin in hair and most important in anti-dandruff products. Culpepper says that the leaves bruised or the juice will free the face from blotches, spots and blemishes, when applied as a lotion.

317 WHEATGRASS EXTRACT Triticum Vulgare (Wheat) Sprout Extract extracted by macerating the grass shoots. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use Wheatgrass is the young grass shoots of the wheatberry. After seven days of growth, at 6 to 9 inches tall, the shoots are cut and juiced. Wheat has been a basic food of the human race for thousands of years. It has been cultivated so long that it is difficult to determine its origin. Grass shoots Chlorophyll, Amino Acids, Vitamin A & C, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Zinc, Super Oxide Dismutase Antioxidant, Nutritive, Healing, Skin Toning, Detoxifier, Anti-dandruff, Acne, Anti-wrinkle Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Wheatgrass is one of the best natural remedies on earth for a healthy body and glowing skin. It is considered to be a complete food because it contains every amino acid, vitamin, and mineral necessary for human nutrition. Used for skin problems, wheatgrass improves complexion, treats acne, and removes acne scars. Wheatgrass juice keeps hair from graying & removes dandruff. Due to the abundance of chlorophyll, one of the best known substances for cleansing and detoxifying the body, wheatgrass will eliminate toxins in the body that can cause skin problems. Wheatgrass is used to heal burns and wounds, and its antioxidants protect hair and skin against free radicals in the environment.

318 WHITE LILY EXTRACT Lilium Candidum Bulb Extract extracted by macerating the bulb. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial plant growing to 150 cm in height. It has large scaly white bulbs, tall stalks, and linear leaves. Flowers are large, fragrant and strikingly white. Native to Persia and Syria, it now grows throughout Mediterranean regions and western Asia. Bulb Polysaccharides, (Glucomannan), Pyrrolic Alkaloids, Amino Acids, Saponins Anti-inflammatory, Astringent, Healing, Emollient, Moisturizing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care White Lily has been a symbol of purity for over 3,000 years The Madonna lily is one of the oldest cultivated lilies, believed to have been popular since the time of the Minoans. It was a favorite with the ancient Greeks and Romans. Lily is used in cosmetology for its emollient, purifying, protective and moisturizing benefits.

319 WHITE PEONY TEA EXTRACT Properties: Primary Uses: Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The tea plant ranges in height from about 3 to 40 feet and has small, shiny, dark green leaves. The small, fragrant flowers have white petals, and the fruits contain one round, pale brown seed. Leaves Native to Asia, and grows in a variety of climates throughout the world. Polyphenolic Flavonoids (epicatechin, epigallocatecin, and gallate) Esters (quercitin, myricetein) Tannins, Terpenoids, Alkaloids (caffein, theobromine, theophylline) Anti-oxidant, Anti-aging, Sunburn Protection, Skin Soothing Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care A white tea from the Fujian province of China, White Peony, known locally as Pai Mu Tan, is a delicate tea made from tea buds collected and withered prior to opening. It comes from the Camellia Sinensis plant, the same as green and black tea but the white leaves are picked and harvested before the leaves are fully open, when the buds are still covered by fine white hair. White Tea is documented as having three times more Polyphenols as green tea. Camellia Sinensis neutralizes free radicals, it prevents environmental pollutants from affecting the skin. It is an excellent anti-inflammatory agent and a rich source of vitamins C and E.

320 WHITE TEA EXTRACT Properties: Primary Uses: Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating tea leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The tea plant ranges in height from about 3 to 40 feet and has small, shiny, dark green leaves. The small, fragrant flowers have white petals, and the fruits contain one round, pale brown seed. Leaves Native to Asia, and grows in a variety of climates throughout the world. Polyphenolic Flavonoids (epicatechin, epigallocatecin, and gallate) Esters (quercitin, myricetein) Tannins, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids (caffein, theobromine, and theophylline) Anti-oxidant, Anti-aging, Sunburn Protection, Skin Soothing Skin Care, Sun Care, Hair Styling White Tea is over 1500 years old and was the prized drink of Chinese emperors of the Song Dynasty who believed it to be an important ingredient in the elixer of immortality. It comes from the Camellia Sinensis plant, the same as green and black tea but the white leaves are picked and harvested before the leaves are fully open, when the buds are still covered by fine white hair. White Tea is documented as having three times more Polyphenols as green tea. Camellia Sinensis neutralizes free radicals, it prevents environmental pollutants from affecting the skin. It is an excellent anti-inflammatory agent and a rich source of vitamins C and E.

321 WHITE WILLOW BARK EXTRACT Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A deciduous tree growing to 80 feet with green tapering leaves and catkins in spring. Native to Europe, it is also found in North Africa and Asia and thrives in damp areas. Bark Phenolic glycosides, Salicylic acid, Flavonoids, Tannins (gallotannins and catchin-type tannins), Minerals Anti-inflammatory, Acne, Astringent, Antiseptic, Cleansing, Stimulates circulation, Volumizing for Hair, Dandruff Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care Willow, along with the herb Meadowsweet, is well known as the original source of salicylic acid (the precursor to original aspirin). Salicylates inhibit the activity of the cyclo-oxgenase enzymes, and thus inhibit the production of prostaglandins and other inflammatory molecules. Willow Bark has long been used for fevers and inflammations. In addition, the astringency of the glycosides makes Willow Bark useful as an antiseptic and astringent. Extracts and infusions of the bark have been used for cleansing the scalp and skin and for treating dandruff. Known topical applications of White Willow Bark include use as a mouthwash for sore gums, hair rinse for dandruff, compress & poultice for burns, insect bites & wounds, and foot soak for sweaty feet.

322 WILD VIOLET EXTRACT Viola Tricolor Extract extracted by macerating the flower and leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An annual, biennial or perennial plant growing to 15 inches with lobed oval leaves and violet, yellow and white pansy-type flowers. Leaves, Flower Native to Europe, North Africa and temperate regions of Asia, it thrives in many habitats from grassy mountainous areas to coastal sites. Flavonoids, Mucilage, Saponin, Salicylates, Rutin, Vitalmins A&C Antioxidant, Anti-bacterial, Antiinflammatory, Soothing, Cleansing, Healing, Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Wild Violet also known as Pansy, and Heartsease was used traditionally for bronchitis, rheumatism and skin ailments. For skin, it was used both internally and externally as a remedy for eczema, psoriasis, acne and cradlecap. Today, it is considered an anti-aging ingredient, and known for its skin soothing and healing properties. Recent clinical trials have also confirmed its antimicrobial properties. Traditionally, it was believed that an infusion of the plant could induce love and bring peace of mind.

323 WILD YAM EXTRACT Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) Root Extract made by macerating the root of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. A perennial vine with pale, knotty and woody cylindrical rootstocks. The thin reddish stem grows to 30 feet with greenish flowers. Root Native to North America, it flourishes in damp woodlands and thickets. Dioscin, Phytosterols (Beta-sitosterol), Alkaloids Anti-inflammatory, Anti-Fungal Breast firming Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Wild yam was used for centuries as a medicinal herb by the Aztec and Myan peoples for a wide range of ailments, and was especially valuable for treating various female problems. Today, it is used extensively in cosmetic creams for the phyo-hormones it contains. These phyto-hormones have an androgenic-like function that helps maintain a youthful appearance in sun damaged and aging skin. Wild yam is also used to treat inflammation, muscle spasms, and asthma.

324 WITCH HAZEL EXTRACT Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract extracted by macerating the leaves. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This deciduous shrub has smooth brown bark, fragrant winter flowers, and woody fruit capsules that when ripe eject 2 seeds up to 12 feet away from the tree. Indigenous to Canada and eastern parts of the U.S. Today it is commonly cultivated in Europe. Leaves Tannins (a mixture of catechins, gallotannins, cyaniding and delphinidin type proanthocyanidins), Flavonoids (kaempherol, quercetin, quercitrin and isoquercitrin) Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, Skin Toning, Reduces Varicose Veins, Reduces skin redness Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care The herbal lore of witch hazel dates back to the Native Americans when it was used topically to treat inflammations like rashes and as a soothing liniment for the skin. Studies have shown that this herb strengthens blood vessels. Its ability to tighten distended areas and restore the skins normal structure and its usefulness in healing blood vessels beneath the skin makes witch hazel a valuable herb for damaged facial veins, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, and bruises. Witch hazel has been used to treat erythema from sunburn.

325 YARROW EXTRACT Achillea Millefolium Flower Extract extracted by macerating the flower, leaves and aerial parts. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use A creeping perennial, growing to 3 feet with white flower heads and finely divided leaves. Leaves, Flower, Aerial Parts Native to Europe and western Asia, Yarrow can be found growing wild in temperate regions throughout the world, in meadows and along roadsides. Volatile oil (Linalool, Camphor, Sabinene, Chamazulene) Sesquiterpene Lactones, Flavonoids, Alkaloids (Achilleine), Polyacetylenes, Triterpenes, Salicylic acid, Coumarins, Tannins Astringent, Antiseptic, Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing, Healing, Varicose Veins, Circulation Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Yarrow is known as the herb in which Achilles stopped bleeding from his wounds in the Trojan wars. Native American healers used Yarrow to treat fevers, and they also applied the stalks (pounded into a pulp) topically to bruises and swellings. The herb is used as a circulatory aid and it's disinfecting and soothing qualities reduce rashes and skin irritations. When used externally, Yarrow makes an excellent tonic lotion for oily skin, inflamed eyes, ulcers and wounds, and is a fine addition to a relaxing bath and steam facial.

326 YERBA MATÉ EXTRACT Ilex Paraguariensis Leaf Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Yerba is an evergreen tree that can grow to 20 meters high. Yerba is in the Holly family and bears Holly like leaves that are stiff and leathery. It has white flowers that produce small red, black, or yellow berries. Leaves Indigenous to Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, and now cultivated in many tropical regions worldwide. Xanthine Alkaloids (Caffeine, Theobromine, and Theophulline), Saponins, Chloragenic acid, Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids Anti-Oxidant/Anti-Aging, Antiinflammatory, Increases Circulation, Healing, Stimulant,Tonic Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Yerba Mate is known as the national drink of Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina, and is consumed by millions of South Americans as a healthful alternative to coffee. The tea contains higher levels of polyphenols than green tea, saponins that stimulate the immune system and practically all of the vitamins necessary to sustain life. Introduced to the world by the Guarani Indians of South America, Mate contains ingredients that help keep its drinkers healthy and energetic.

327 YOGURT FILTRATE Product Yogurt Filtrate Yogurt is a cultured dairy product, that converts milk sugar (lactose) into lactic acid. Traditionally it was made from milk that was fermented by the bacterium Lactobacillus bulgaricus. The consistency is a semi-solid, the flavor and aroma may vary from one region to another, but the basic ingredients and manufacturing are essentially consistent. Yogurt originated in the Balkans and the Middle East. Protein, Vitamins, Lactose, Lactase, Minerals, Calcium, Zinc Astringent, Cleansing, Healing, Moisturizing, Nourishing, Sunburn Relief Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Yogurt contains a number of nutrients that mildly stimulate collagen production. It is nutritive for the hair as it is an excellent source of protein, calcium, riboflavin, and vitamin B12. Yogurt soothes, softens, and rejuvenates the scalp. It also contains lactic acid, an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA). AHA s moisturize the scalp as they relieve dryness and flakiness. They help cleanse the hair by removing oily deposits. AHA s also enhance shine by removing and washing away flakes and dead skin. Yogurt is a natural healer, for sunburn, natural yogurt will help cool and hydrate the skin.

328 YOHIMBE EXTRACT Corynanthe Yohimbe Bark Extract extracted by macerating the bark. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. This evergreen tree grows up to 100 feet with reddish brown bark, oblong leaves and clusters of small yellow flowers. Bark Native to the forests of western Africa, especially Cameroon, Zaire, and Gabon. Indole Alkaloids (including yohimbine), Tannins Skin Whitening Skin Care Yohimbe is most well known as an aphrodisiac. Topically applied in creams and lotions, it has been found to inhibit the formation of melanin in the skin.

329 YUCCA EXTRACT Yucca Schidilgera Extract extracted by macerating the leaves of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Yucca is an evergreen plant with long strap-shaped leaves. It grows to 8 feet high and bears large white flowers. Leaves and roots Drier regions of North and Central America Saponins, Sarsapogenin, Smilagenin, Tigogenin, Samogenin, Minerals, Protein, Tannin Anti-inflammatory, Cleansing, Foaming agent in dandruff shampoo, Body and Volume, Stimulates scalp, Reduces oil, Helps hair hold a set Shampoo, Styling Products Yucca and Soapweed (Yucca glauca) contain the astringent saponin used in cosmetics, soap and a shampoo used in the cleansing ceremony of Hopi tribal weddings. Bremness, Lesley. Eyewitness Handbooks Herbs. New York: DK Publishing. 1994

330 YUMBERRY EXTRACT Myrica (Yumberry) Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. The Yumberry tree is an evergreen that grows to 60 feet and bears a round fruit up to 1 inch in diameter. Fruit Native to eastern China, Japan and Southeast Asia, where it has been grown for at least 2000 years. Proanthocyanins (cyaniding-3- glucoside, gallic Acid, ellagic Acid, quercetin), Vitamins Anti-aging, Astringent, Antioxidant, Antiinflammatory, Healing, Nutritive Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin Care Yumberry is the new name for yang-mei fruit, a tasty and nutritious berry that has been enjoyed in China for thousands of years. Rich in antioxidants (Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins) the most powerful class of antioxidants, Yumberry was introduced to the US as a new superfruit powerhouse. OPC s defend against degenerative diseases and premature aging. They have been shown to boost the immune system, increase strength and elasticity of blood vessels while slowing down the collapse of collagen, and help keep skin firm, smooth and wrinkle free.

331 YUZU EXTRACT Citrus Junos Fruit Extract extracted by macerating the fruit of the plant. This gentle, traditional European method doesn t damage plant constituents, resulting in an ideal extract for cosmetic use. An upright shrub, with large thorns, heavily scented leaves and white flowers. The aromatic (green or yellow) fruit looks like a small grapefruit. Peel/Fruit Native to China, it also grows in Tibet, Japan and Korea. Flavonoids, Hesperidin, Apigenin, Naringenin, Limonene, Vitamins A & C Antiseptic, Astringent, Antiinflammatory, Antiviral, Cleansing, Boosts Circulation, Sedative, Toning Shampoo, Conditioner, Skin care The Yuzu has a 1200 old history. Originally from the Yangtze River region in China, the Yuzu was brought to Japan by way of the Korean peninsula. It is believed to be a hybrid of sour mandarin and Ichang papeda. When the Yuzu was introduced to Japan, during the Nara Period (year 710), it was used for culinary, hot bathing and medicinal purposes. Traditionally in Japan, a hot Yuzu bath taken on the winter solstice day is believed to ward off winter colds, and heal chapped skin. The hot water helps to release an aroma from the fruit, with its oil component Nomilin giving a sedative affect. It also boosts circulation to smooth and soften skin. Japanese also believe that taking a Yuzu bath brings wealth and assurance of good health. Yuzu seed was used as a natural medicine to treat skin irritations and itchiness. Today, it is used in natural cosmetics for skin toning.

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