Identifying Pennsylvania Trees. Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program
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1 Identifying Pennsylvania Trees Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program
2 Tree Identification In this presentation you will learn to identify trees using the Summer Key to Pennsylvania Trees. Trees can be identified using many factors including leaves, bark, twigs, buds, flowers, and fruits.
3 Leaf Types
4 Scale-like
5 Broad and flat
6 Needles
7 Leaf-type Comparison
8 Leaf Arrangement
9 Alternate
10 Opposite
11 Whorled
12 Leaf Arrangement Comparison
13 Leaf Structure
14 A simple leaf Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud
15 A Compound Leaf Leaflet Pinnately compound Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud
16 A Compound Leaf Leaflet Petiole (leaf stalk) Palmately compound Bud
17 Leaf Structure Comparison
18 Leaf margins Serrate Dentate Double serrate Lobed Entire
19 Identification Section
20 Red Maple ID Slide Hint: opposite
21 Red Maple Acer rubrum
22 Red Maple
23 Sugar Maple ID Slide Hint: opposite
24 Sugar Maple Acer saccharum
25 Sugar Maple
26 Flowering Dogwood ID Slide Hint: opposite
27 Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida
28 Flowering Dogwood
29 Northern Red Oak ID Slide Hint: alternate
30 Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra
31 Northern Red Oak
32 White Oak ID Slide Hint: alternate
33 White Oak Quercus alba
34 White Oak
35 White Oak versus Red Oak Comparison White Oak Red Oak
36 American Beech ID Slide Hint: alternate
37 American Beech Fagus grandifolia
38 American Beech
39 Yellow Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate / hairy
40 Yellow Birch Betula alleghaniensis
41 Yellow Birch
42 Sweet (Black) Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate/hairy
43 Sweet (Black) Birch Betula lenta
44 Sweet (Black) Birch
45 Paper Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate; hairy
46 Paper Birch Betula papyrifera
47 Paper Birch
48 Eastern Hemlock ID Slide
49 Eastern Hemlock Tsuga canadensis
50 Eastern Hemlock
51 Eastern Redcedar ID Slide
52 Eastern Redcedar Juniperus virginiana
53 Eastern Redcedar
54 Balsam Fir ID Slide Hint: leaves do not have stalks
55 Balsam Fir Abies balsamea
56 Balsam Fir
57 Norway Spruce ID Slide
58 Norway Spruce Picea abies
59 Norway Spruce
60 Fir versus Spruce Balsam Fir Norway Spruce
61 (one bundle) Eastern White Pine ID Slide
62 Eastern White Pine Pinus strobus
63 Eastern White Pine
64 Horse Chestnut ID Slide Hint: opposite
65 Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum
66 Horse Chestnut
67 Hint: needles more than 3 inches long Red Pine ID Slide
68 Red Pine Pinus resinosa
69 Red Pine
70 Hint: leaves rough American Elm ID Slide
71 American Elm Ulmus americana
72 American Elm
73 Bitternut Hickory ID Slide Clue: alternate, sap not milky
74 Bitternut Hickory Carya cordiformis
75 Bitternut Hickory
76 Pitch Pine ID Slide
77 Pitch Pine Pinus rigida
78 Pitch Pine
79 Black Cherry ID Slide Hint: leaf not compound and not hairy, margins have fine teeth; leaf stalks have glands.
80 Black Cherry Prunus serotina
81 Black Cherry
82 Black Walnut ID Slide Hint: sap not milky; leaves hairy
83 Black Walnut Juglans nigra
84 Black Walnut
85 American Larch ID Slide
86 American Larch Larix laricina
87 American Larch
88 Wild Grape Not found in the key
89 Wild Grape Vitis spp.
90 Wild Grape
91 White Ash ID Slide
92 White Ash Fraxinus americana
93 White Ash
94 Sycamore Not found in the key
95 Sycamore Platanus occidentalis
96 Sycamore
97 Sassafras ID Slide
98 Sassafras Sassafras albidum
99 Sassafras
100 Cucumber-tree Magnolia ID Slide Hint: leaves usually greater than 5 inches long
101 Cucumber-tree Magnolia Magnolia acuminata
102 Cucumber-tree Magnolia
103 Sweetgum ID Slide
104 Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua
105 Sweetgum
106 Norway Maple ID Slide
107 Norway Maple Acer platanoides
108 Norway Maple
109 Black Locust ID Slide Hint: sap not milky
110 Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia
111 Black Locust
112 Striped Maple ID Slide
113 Striped Maple Acer pensylvanicum
114 Striped Maple
115 Hint: milky sap Smooth Sumac ID Slide
116 Smooth Sumac Rhus glabra
117 Smooth Sumac
118 Yellow-poplar ID Slide
119 Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera
120 Yellow-poplar
121 The Summer Key To Pennsylvania Trees is a small part of the Pennsylvania 4-H forestry curriculum. Contact your Penn State Cooperative Extension Office to request additional information about 4-H and other educational programs.
122 Prepared by Paul Roth, Research Assistant, and Rance Harmon, Extension Associate, The Pennsylvania State University, School of Forest Resources & Cooperative Extension Acknowledgements Idea development and review: Jason Hall, Sandra Insalaco, and Cecile Stelter Service Foresters Pennslyvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry Review: James Finley & Sanford Smith, The Pennsylvania State University School of Forest Resources & Cooperative Extension Images provided courtesy of Virginia Tech & The University of Wisconsin. Line art courtesy of The Pennsylvania State University College of Agricultural Sciences and the Pennsylvania 4-H Program References Common Trees of Pennsylvania, Department of Conservation & Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees Eastern Region, Knolph, Alfred A. Inc Virginia Tech Dendrological Web Page, University of Wisconsin, botanical images, Penn State is committed to affirmative action, equal opportunity, and the diversity of its workforce. The Pennsylvania State University, 2002
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