Measurement and visual evaluation of fluorescent samples
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- Lester Horton
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1 Workshop on Colorimetry, Graphic Arts and Colour Management 4 July 2013, University of Leeds, UK Measurement and visual evaluation of fluorescent samples R. Hirschler SENAI/CETIQT Colour Institute
2 Non-fluorescent samples Visual evaluation and measurement XYZ, L*a*b* or any derived quantity may be calculated for any light source or illuminant Non-fluorescent samples may be viewed under any light source and the results calculated for any source or illuminant
3 Fluorescent samples absorb UV radiation and emit visible light
4 Measurement Reflectance + fluorescence Emission wavelength (nm) Excitation wavelength (nm) From the Donaldson matrix of the bispectral measurement of a fluorescent specimen the TRF may be calculated for any desired light source or illuminant
5 Visual evaluation and measurement The other possible solution is to measure fluorescent samples under the same light source as that used for visual evaluation
6 Visual evaluation and measurement ISO 3664:2009 compliant ISO 13655:2009 M1 compliant The viable practical solution is to have light sources both in visual systems and in instruments simulate a standard CIE illuminant
7 Evaluation of daylight simulators MI-type evaluation of light sources: colour difference between pairs of metameric samples under the test source which show DE*=0 under the reference illuminant The five standard specimens used in the visual range evaluation of daylight simulators, according to CIE 51.2 / S 012
8 Evaluation of daylight simulators Spectral reflectance factor of the first two (of five) metameric specimens for the evaluation of D65 simulators in the visible range by the CIE 51 method
9 Evaluation of daylight simulators Spectral external radiant efficiency Q(λ ) for the three UV standards in the UV range by the CIE 51 method
10 Evaluation of daylight simulators Total spectral radiance factor β T (λ)) for the three UV standards for illuminant D65 in the CIE 51 method
11 Evaluation of daylight simulators CIE Quality Grade Metamerism Index M v or M u A 0.25 B > 0.25 to 0.50 C > 0.50 to 1.00 D > 1.00 to 2.00 E > 2.00 ISO 3664:2009 and ISO 13655:2009 M1 Shall: 1.0 / Should 0.5 / 1.0 ASTM E0991: BB; ASTM D1729: BC
12 Practical implementation: GTI fluorescent lamps SPD of GTI D50 lamp X-series (3664:2000 compliant) : 0.88 / 2.50
13 Practical implementation: GTI fluorescent lamps SPD of GTI D50 lamp E-series (3664:2009 compliant) : 0.84 / 1.20
14 Practical implementation: JUST lamps SPD of 3664:2009 compliant JUST Normlicht D50 lights CVL (LED): 0.84 / 1.40 ProGraphics: 0.85 / 0.55
15 Practical implementation: different lamps UV standard 1 UV standard 2 Q(λ') Spectral external radiant efficiency / SPD UV standard CIE D GTI E lamp Wavelength (nm) GTI E lamp compared to excitation (Mu = 1.20)
16 Practical implementation: different lamps 3.00 UV standard 1 UV standard 2 Q(λ') Spectral external radiant efficiency / SPD Wavelength (nm) UV standard 3 CIE D50 GTI E lamp JUST ProGraphics GTI E and JUST PG lamps compared to excitation
17 Practical implementation: different lamps Q(λ') Spectral external radiant efficiency / SPD UV standard 1 UV standard 2 UV standard 3 CIE D50 JUST CVL Wavelength (nm) JUST CVL LED lamp (M u = 1.40) compared to excitation
18 Measurement: KM FD-7 X-Rite exact & i1 KM FD-7 with VFS technology and X-Rite exact LED resp. Gas-filled tungsten + UV LED Implementation of ISO 13655:2009 M1
19 State of the art 1. Standards ISO 3664:2009 and ISO 13655:2009 M1 are a good compromise between the desirable and the viable; CIE 51.2 / S 012 (ISO 23603:2005) needs to be updated 2. Visual evaluation Fluorescent lamp and LED technology Compliance to the (ISO) standard may or may not be enough 3. Instrumental measurement Both the VFS (LED) and the Tungsten + UV LED technology are supposed to be ISO M1 conform
20 Acknowledgements Thanks are due to Bob McCurdy (GTI), Michael Gall (JUST Normlicht) and Claas Bickeböller (Konica-Minolta) for kindly having provided data and figures.
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