Sustainable biomass production in agroforestry systems
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1 Sustainable biomass production in agroforestry systems W.R. Schroeder, H. de Gooijer, J. Kort and C. Stefner AAFC-AESB Agroforestry Development Centre Guelph, Ontario March, 2011 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
2 Project Team AAFC - AESB Bill Schroeder, Henry de Gooijer, John Kort, Chris Stefner, Jaconette Mirck, Ian Pickering (Saskatchewan) Salim Silim (Ottawa) Chris Pharo, Brian Murray (PEI) AAFC - Research Branch Philippe Savoie (Quebec) PEI Soil and Crop Improvement Assoc. Tyler Wright (PEI) University of Regina Joe Piwowar Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
3 ecoeti Agriculture s contribution to bio-based energy (with P. Savoie) Objectives Improve agricultural land management and enhance the availability of woody feedstock for bio-energy. Quantification of biomass production in riparian buffers
4 ecoeti - Biomass production in riparian buffers Research questions What is the potential biomass production from willow riparian buffers? How effective are willow riparian buffers in nutrient management? Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
5 Harvested Plot December m 0.75m 6666 stems/ha Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
6 Annual biomass yield at two riparian sites (6666 stems/ha) Yield (tdm ha -1 yr -1 ) NO 3 -N 38.1 NO 3 -N 48.6 NO 3 -N 46.7 NO 3 -N Waugh Hovingh 2 Hovingh 3 Waugh Hovingh 2 Hovingh NO 3 -N NO 3 -N Dasyclados 'SV1' Clone and Site Viminalis '5027' Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
7 Annual Biomass Yield (tdm ha -1 yr -1 ) Waugh Site (6666 stems/ha) Dasyclados 'SV1' Viminalis '5027' Coppiced Not Coppiced Coppiced Not Coppiced Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
8 Annual above and below-ground N & P Accumulation Annual Total Nitrogen Accumulated Total N kg/ha/yr Not Coppiced Coppiced Annual Total Phosphorous Accumulated Total P (kg/ha/yr) Not Coppiced Coppiced Viminalis '5027' Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
9 Buffer Recommendation Agricultural land 75cm 200cm 600cm 50cm River/Wetland 8000 stems/ha (4 double rows) Plastic mulch for weed control Coppice after year 1 Harvest on three year cycle Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
10 ecoeti Conclusions High biomass productivity in riparian areas Nutrient supply rate is important factor Substantial quantities of nutrients can be accumulated in willow riparian buffers Overall, clone viminalis 5027 superior to dasyclados SV1 in PEI Coppicing increased productivity which leads to increased nutrient accumulation Need better understanding of below ground role Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
11 PERD Harvest, storage, handling and energy conversion at the farm and community level of woody crops and corn stover (with P. Savoie) Harvest and storage of biomass from natural willow rings Chipping and combustion of naturally dried bales Sustainability guidelines for natural willow ring harvest
12 PERD Activities Harvest and storage of biomass from natural willow rings No harvest in 2010 (excessive moisture) Chipping and combustion of naturally dried bales 40 dt willow bales harvested in 2009 (Covered vs Uncovered storage) Sustainability guidelines for natural willow ring harvest Base line avian surveys conducted Harvested willow regeneration
13 Willow Ring Biomass Production Cost Activity Plant material Planting and maintenance Harvest (tractor, Bio-Baler, twine, fuel, labour)* Transport - willow ring to bale yard (20 km) Total Cost Cost per dry tonne $50 * Based on Custom and Rental rate Guide Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture
14 PERD Activities Sustainability guidelines for natural willow ring harvest Avian surveys conducted Willow regeneration 1st year growth 3.5 t DM/ha
15 PERD Activities Harvest and storage of biomass from natural willow rings Planned harvest of 80 dt willow biomass
16 PERD Activities Chipping and combustion of naturally dried bales Install and commission of 300kw KOB biomass burner at Indian Head Agroforestry Development Centre Data collection on system performance
17 CEF Sub-Project Objectives Quantify the opportunity for systematic biomass harvest from willow and poplar riparian buffers for conversion to bio-energy Determine environmental consequences of biomass harvest Assess the barriers for the adoption of agroforestry riparian buffer practices Determine the potential magnitude of the adoption of this practice
18 CEF Sub-Project Activities Biomass harvest from 5-yr-old poplar riparian buffer Yield 22.3dt/km
19 CEF Sub-Project Activities Output 1 Selection of case study sites based on geographic location and farming system. Assemble required land use, land management, physical data Review and refinement of ALCES agroforestry land use model for selected study areas.
20 CEF Sub-Project Activities Output 2 Biomass production, nutrient removal and carbon sequestration data collected from harvested and not harvested plots Publication of management guidelines for sustainable biomass harvest form agroforestry systems Report prepared and paper submitted for publication
21 Thank You Questions??? Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada
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