Open Spaces Inventory and Analysis for Planning of Earthquake Emergencies for Safe Evacuation Sites in Kathmandu Valley

Transcription

1 USMCA2015 The 14 th International Symposium on New Technologies for Urban Safety of Mega Cities in Asia Open Spaces Inventory and Analysis for Planning of Earthquake Emergencies for Safe Evacuation Sites in Kathmandu Valley October 29-31, 2015 Radisson Hotel, Kathmandu, Nepal Gopi Krishna BASYAL Suresh CHAUDHARY Surya Narayan SHRESTHA National Society for earthquake Technology Nepal (NSET) 1

2 Outline Background Previous studies Survey of open spaces Analysis of open spaces Recommendations What next!! 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 2

3 Background Earthquake Scenario of Kathmandu Valley prepared by Kathmandu Valley Earthquake Risk Management Project (KVERMP) of NSET (1997) Study on Earthquake Disaster Mitigation (SEDM) for the Kathmandu Valley in 2002 by JICA Study on Seismic Vulnerability of Drinking Water Supply System in Kathmandu Valley (2003) Disaster Preparedness and Response Plan Framework in Lalitpur sub-metropolitan City (DPRP, 2006) Potential Internally Displaced Persons Camp Site Selection in Kathmandu Valley (IOM, 2008) 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 3

4 Kathmandu Valley: Rapid Urbanisation Annual 9-12 % new building construction in urban areas of the country With rapid urbanisaion agriculture area, river bank, cultural/heritage areas are encroached, In Kathmandu Valley demand of open spaces is increasing with rapid and haphazard urbanization, on the other side due to different development constructions, rapid decrease in open spaces.

5 Area in sq.km Rapid change in Land Use in KV 100 1% 0% 0% 35% 47% 10 17% 1 s[iflif]q agif]q v'nfif]q lgld{t If]q cgoif]q hnif]q year s[iflif]q lgld{t If]q agif]q cgoif]q v'nfif]q hnif]q Source: Joshi et. al 2013

6 Need of Open Spaces in Cities Demand of emergency food, water, sanitation/ WASH services as well as emergency evacuation sites Pre-identification of sites for temporary meeting point, treatment, foreign assistance management is essential for any emergency management at local level Reduce environmental degradation in cities, preserving greenery

7 Identification of open spaces: preliminary stage Estimation of loss in big earthquake about 1.5 million displacement and 3.5 lakh building damage This initiation was carried out under Global Risk Identification Programme GRIP/UNDP, Shelter Cluster 2011

8 Methodology Survey of Open Public Spaces in all VDCs and Municipalities of KV. Preparatory Steps: Map Analysis (first cadastral then Google Map) Field Data gathering Meeting with ward office officials Ground-truthing 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 8

9 Summary of Survey About 62 percent of the total Area can be used 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 9

10 Open spaces: district wise area and usable areas District wise Open spaces # of open spaces Total area in sq meter Usable area in sq meter Kathmandu ,576,269 5,938,820 Lalitpur 346 3,486,077 2,092,636 Bhaktapur 53 1,473, ,819 Total ,535,804 9,030,275 About 58 percent of the total Area can be used

11 Summary: Type, use and ownership of open spaces Type of open space Courtyard Settlements (Bahaa, Bahaal) Key characteristics Mainly community courtyard located amongst Newar communities. The major significance of this type of open spaces can be taken as a primary collection point. Playgrounds Institutional Areas Playgrounds can be found in many places in Kathmandu varying in size and ownership. Institutional areas are mainly owned by Government offices, educational institutions etc. These are found as major areas can be used to establish emergency shelters. The size varies.

12 Open Spaces Mapping : District Wise Distribution

13 Publication of Data by KVDA: Open Spaces Atlas of Kathmandu Valley

14 Limitation Information was based on local informants Mapping accuracy no cadastral information Not all public open spaces were covered 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 14

15 Current legal status of open spaces : 83 open spaces

16 Planning for post-disaster situation Appropriate planning of post-disaster shelter sites can protect the health, safety, and dignity of displaced persons. Inadequate access to health services, drainage, sanitation, water supply, or protection from the elements can greatly increase the risk of disease within a camp. 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 16

17 What Next! (1) Identification of open spaces in more detail at local level with municipalities/ VDCs/ Wards community level, Awareness in usability of open spaces in emergencies and risk planning purpose (LDRMP), RSLUP Identification, Protection, and development of open spaces using government archieves Update and publication of such documents for protection and develop local open spaces for emergencies with local communities

18 What Next! (2) Update of Open spaces Cadastral maps overlay and make more accurate to make ground for legal initiatives for protecting open spaces Working with local authorities/ communities for inventory and protection Use government records, and publication of records archieves.

19 Thank you. 11/23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 19

20 Land Cover Area ( in sq.km) Year /12 Agricultural Built-up Forest Others Open Space Water body Grand Total /23/2015 Type your presentation theme - edit to put title on Insert/header & footer 20