Cisco Content Services Switch Content Load-Balancing Configuration Guide

Transcription

1 Cisco Content Services Switch Content Load-Balancing Configuration Guide Software Version 8.10 November 2005 Corporate Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA Tel: NETS (6387) Fax: Text Part Number:

2 THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY. The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB s public domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright 1981, Regents of the University of California. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED AS IS WITH ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE. IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. CCSP, CCVP, the Cisco Square Bridge logo, Follow Me Browsing, and StackWise are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn, and iquick Study are service marks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Access Registrar, Aironet, ASIST, BPX, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCIP, CCNA, CCNP, Cisco, the Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity, Empowering the Internet Generation, Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, FormShare, GigaDrive, GigaStack, HomeLink, Internet Quotient, IOS, IP/TV, iq Expertise, the iq logo, iq Net Readiness Scorecard, LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, the Networkers logo, Networking Academy, Network Registrar, Packet, PIX, Post-Routing, Pre-Routing, ProConnect, RateMUX, ScriptShare, SlideCast, SMARTnet, StrataView Plus, TeleRouter, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient, and TransPath are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (0502R) Copyright 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

3 CONTENTS Preface xxiii Audience xxiv How to Use This Guide xxiv Related Documentation xxvi Symbols and Conventions xxix Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines xxx CHAPTER 1 Content Load-Balancing Overview 1-1 Service, Owner, and Content Rule Overview 1-1 Overview of CSS Flow 1-4 CHAPTER 2 Configuring Flow and Port Mapping Parameters 2-1 Configuring Flow Parameters 2-1 Configuring Permanent Connections for TCP or UDP Ports 2-2 Configuring TCP Maximum Segment Size 2-3 Enabling the Reordering of Persistent Spanned Packets 2-4 Passing Traffic that Use TCP or UDP Source or Destination Port Configuring TCP Acknowledgements for Layer 5 Spanning Packets 2-5 Showing Flow Statistics 2-5 Configuring Flow Inactivity Timeouts on Content Rules and Source Groups 2-7 Timeout Value Precedence 2-7 Configuring Flow Timeouts 2-8 Displaying Flow Timeout Statistics 2-9 Displaying Content Rule and Source Group Information 2-10 Configuring Flow Processing for Fragmented IP Packets 2-10 iii

4 Contents What Is IP Packet Fragmentation? 2-12 Configuration Restrictions 2-12 Enabling Flow Processing for Fragmented IP Packets 2-13 Configuring the Maximum Assembled Size 2-13 Configuring the Minimum Fragment Size 2-14 Displaying IP Fragment Statistics 2-16 Resetting IP Fragment Statistics 2-18 Configuring a CSS to Send a TCP Reset if a VIP Is Unavailable 2-19 Configuring the Flow-State Table 2-20 Configuring the Flow State of a Port 2-23 Resetting the Flow-State Table Hit Counters 2-25 Displaying the Flow-State Table 2-25 Configuring CSS Port Mapping 2-26 Overview of Global Port Mapping 2-26 Configuring Global Port Mapping 2-27 Displaying Global Port Mapping Statistics 2-29 Configuring No-Flow Port Mapping 2-31 Displaying No-Flow Port Mapping Statistics 2-32 CHAPTER 3 Configuring Services 3-1 Service Configuration Quick Start 3-2 Creating a Service 3-4 Assigning an IP Address to the Service 3-4 Specifying a Port 3-6 Specifying a Protocol 3-6 Specifying a Domain Name 3-7 Specifying an HTTP Redirect String 3-8 Setting TCP FIN or RST Flags for HTTP 302 Redirect Messages 3-9 Prepending to a Redirect String or a Domain 3-10 iv

5 Contents Configuring an Advanced Load-Balancing String 3-10 Configuring a Service HTTP Cookie 3-10 Configuring Weight and Graceful Shutdown 3-11 Specifying a Service Type 3-13 How the CSS Accesses Server Types 3-15 Configuring Service Access 3-16 Bypassing Content Rules on Caches 3-16 Configuring Network Address Translation for Transparent Caches 3-17 Configuring a Service to Bypass a Cache Farm 3-17 Configuring Maximum TCP Connections 3-18 Configuring Keepalives for a Service 3-19 Activating a Service 3-19 Suspending a Service 3-20 Showing Service Configurations 3-20 Clearing Service Statistics Counters 3-27 Where to Go Next 3-27 CHAPTER 4 Configuring Service, Global, and Script Keepalives 4-1 CSS Keepalive Overview 4-2 Configuring Service Keepalives 4-4 Configuring Global Keepalives 4-5 Creating and Naming a Global Keepalive 4-7 Configuring a Global Keepalive IP Address 4-7 Configuring a Global Keepalive Description 4-8 Activating the Global Keepalive 4-8 Suspending a Global Keepalive 4-8 Associating a Service with a Global Keepalive 4-8 Configuring Service and Global Keepalive Attributes 4-9 v

6 Contents Configuring a Keepalive Frequency 4-9 Configuring a Keepalive Retry Period 4-10 Configuring the Maximum Number of Failures for a Keepalive 4-11 Configuring a Keepalive Type 4-12 Configuring a TCP Keepalive with Graceful Socket Close (FIN) 4-16 Configuring a Keepalive Port Number 4-16 Configuring the HTTP Keepalive Method 4-17 Configuring a Keepalive HTTP Response Code 4-18 Configuring a Keepalive URI 4-19 Configuring a Keepalive Hash Value 4-20 Showing Keepalive Configurations 4-23 Using Script Keepalives with Services 4-25 Script Keepalive Considerations 4-26 Configuring Script Keepalives 4-28 Viewing a Script Keepalive in a Service 4-29 Script Keepalive Status Codes 4-30 Script Keepalives and Upgrading WebNS Software 4-31 CHAPTER 5 Configuring Source Groups for Services 5-1 Overview of Source Groups and Port Mapping 5-2 Source Group Configuration Quick Start 5-5 Creating a Source Group 5-8 Configuring the Source Group 5-8 Configuring a VIP Address for a Source Group 5-9 Configuring a Service on a Source Group 5-10 Adding a Destination Service to the Source Group 5-11 Activating and Suspending a Source Group 5-12 Configuring Source Group Port Mapping 5-12 Configuring the Starting Port Number 5-12 vi

7 Contents Configuring the Total Number of Ports in a Port-Map Range 5-13 Configuring a VIP Address Range for Port Mapping 5-13 Disabling Port Mapping 5-16 Configuring Source Groups and ACLs 5-17 Configuring a Source Group for FTP Connections 5-19 Configuring Source Groups to Allow Servers to Resolve Domain Names Using the Internet 5-20 Showing Source Groups 5-21 Clearing Source Group Counters 5-25 CHAPTER 6 Configuring Loads for Services 6-1 Configuring Relative Load for Services 6-1 Relative Load Overview 6-2 Configuring Relative Load 6-4 Relative Load Configuration Quick Start 6-5 Configuring Global Load Reporting 6-6 Configuring the Relative Load Step 6-6 Configuring the Global Load Threshold 6-7 Configuring the Load Teardown Timer 6-8 Configuring the Load Ageout Timer 6-8 Showing Global Service Loads 6-9 Configuring the Absolute Load Calculation Method 6-11 Overview of Calculating Absolute Load 6-12 Configuration Requirements and Restrictions 6-13 Absolute Load Configuration Quick Start 6-13 Configuring Load Calculation 6-15 Using the load absolute-sensitivity Command 6-16 Configuring load absolute-sensitivity 6-16 Optimizing the Absolute Load Number Scale 6-17 vii

8 Contents Configuring Load Variance 6-18 Displaying Relative Load Statistics 6-19 Displaying Absolute Load Calculation Ranges 6-20 Using ArrowPoint Content Awareness Based on Server Load and Weight 6-26 Using ACA Based on Server Load 6-26 Using ACA Based on Server Weight and Load 6-26 Configuring the Load Command for Use with ACA 6-27 CHAPTER 7 Configuring Server/Application State Protocol for Server Load Balancing 7-1 SASP Overview 7-2 SASP Messages 7-3 Weight Precedence and Range 7-4 Configuring SASP 7-5 Configuring an SASP Agent 7-5 Configuring an SASP Agent on a Content Rule 7-7 Enabling and Disabling SASP on the CSS 7-8 Changing the Maximum Accepted SASP Weight 7-10 Displaying SASP Information 7-11 Displaying the SASP Manager Configuration on the CSS 7-12 Displaying SASP Agent Configuration and States 7-13 Displaying Service Information and Reports 7-15 CHAPTER 8 Configuring Dynamic Feedback Protocol for Server Load Balancing 8-1 DFP Overview 8-2 Functions of a DFP Agent 8-3 Types of DFP Messages 8-3 DFP System Flow 8-4 Configuring a DFP Agent 8-5 viii

9 Contents Maintaining a Consistent Weight Range Among Services 8-8 Displaying Configured DFP Agents 8-9 Displaying Services Supported by Configured DFP Agents 8-10 Displaying DFP Information 8-11 Using the show service Command 8-11 Using the show rule services Command 8-12 CHAPTER 9 Configuring Owners 9-1 Owner Configuration Quick Start 9-2 Creating an Owner 9-3 Configuring an Owner DNS Balance Type 9-3 Specifying Owner Address 9-4 Specifying Owner Billing Information 9-4 Specifying Case 9-5 Specifying Owner DNS Type 9-5 Specifying Owner Address 9-6 Removing an Owner 9-6 Showing Owner Information 9-7 Showing Owner Summary 9-10 Where to Go Next 9-11 CHAPTER 10 Configuring Content Rules 10-1 Content Rule Overview 10-2 Content Rule Hierarchy 10-3 Matching Precedence for Layer 5 Rules 10-3 Content Rule Configuration Quick Start 10-5 Naming and Assigning a Content Rule to an Owner 10-7 Configuring a Virtual IP Address 10-8 ix

10 Contents Configuring a Domain Name Content Rule Matching Content Rules to Multiple Domain Names Configuring a Content Rule Using a Domain Name and a VIP Address Using Wildcards in Domain Name Content Rules General Guidelines for Domain Name Wildcards in Content Rules Configuring Domain Qualifier Lists Creating a DQL Describing a DQL Adding a Domain to a DQL Adding a DQL to a Content Rule Removing a DQL from a Content Rule Showing DQL Configurations Configuring Virtual Web Hosting Adding Services to a Content Rule Adding a Service to a Content Rule Specifying a Service Weight Adding a Primary Sorry Server to a Content Rule Adding a Secondary Sorry Server to a Content Rule Adding a DNS Name to a Content Rule Disabling DNS in a Content Rule Activating a Content Rule Suspending a Content Rule Removing a Content Rule Removing a Service from a Content Rule Configuring a Protocol Configuring a Port Configuring Load Balancing Configuring a DNS Balance Type Configuring Hot Lists x

11 Contents Configuring a Domain Hotlist Configuring HTTP Method Parsing Configuring RFC-2518 Extension Methods Parsing Configuring User-Defined Methods Showing the HTTP Method Parsing Configuration and Status Configuring Extension Qualifier Lists Specifying an EQL in a Uniform Resource Locator Showing EQL Extensions and Descriptions Configuring URL Qualifier Lists URQL Quick Start Creating a URQL Configuring a URL in a URQL Specifying the URL Entry Defining the URL Describing the URL Designating the Domain Name of URLs in a URQL Adding a URQL to a Content Rule Describing the URQL Activating a URQL Suspending a URQL URQL Configuration in a Startup-Config File Showing URQLs Specifying a Uniform Resource Locator Specifying an Extension Qualifier List in a URL Specifying the Number of Spanned Packets Specifying a Load Threshold Including Services in a CSS Ping Response Decision Enabling TCP Flow Reset Reject Configuring Persistence, Remapping, and Redirection Configuring Content Rule Persistence xi

12 Contents Configuring Bypass Persistence Configuring HTTP Redirection and Service Remapping Redirecting Requests for Content Setting TCP FIN or RST Flags for HTTP 302 Redirect Messages Displaying the Persistence Settings Defining Failover Specifying an Application Type Configuring a Content Rule for FTP Connections Configuring the Teardown Timeout Period for the FTP Control Channel Configuring the Wait Time to Initiate the FTP Data Channel Configuring the CSS to Handle Non-Standard FTP Ports Enabling Content Requests to Bypass Transparent Caches Showing Content Showing Content Rules Clearing Counters in a Content Rule Clearing Counters for Content Rules Clearing Service Statistics Counters in a Content Rule Where to Go Next CHAPTER 11 Configuring Sticky Parameters for Content Rules 11-1 Sticky Overview 11-2 Why Use Stickiness? 11-3 Using Layer 3 Sticky 11-4 Using Layer 4 Sticky 11-4 Using Layer 5 Sticky 11-5 Configuring Sticky on the CSS 11-5 Specifying an Advanced Load-Balancing Method for Sticky Content 11-9 Configuring SSL-Layer 4 Fallback xii

13 Contents Configuring Sticky Serverdown Failover Configuring Sticky Mask Configuring Sticky Inactive Timeout Configuring Sticky Content for SSL Configuring String Range Specifying a String Operation Comparing Hash Method with Match Method Enabling or Disabling String ASCII Conversion Configuring the Handling of Multiple String Matches Specifying End-of-String Characters Specifying a String Prefix Specifying a String Process Length Specifying a String Skip Length Configuring Sticky-No-Cookie-Found-Action Configuring Sticky Parameters for E-Commerce and Other Internet Applications Configuring an advanced-balance arrowpoint-cookie Configuring an Arrowpoint Cookie Configuring an Arrowpoint Cookie Name Configuring an Arrowpoint Cookie Path Configuring an Arrowpoint-Cookie Expiration Time Configuring Arrowpoint-Cookie Browser Expire Configuring Arrowpoint-Cookie Expire Services Configuring an Arrowpoint Cookie Domain Reinserting an Arrowpoint Cookie in an HTTP Server Response Configuring a Location Cookie Overview Location Cookie Quick Start Configuring the location-cookie Command xiii

14 Contents Configuring a Domain Name for the Location Cookie Configuring Location Services Examples of Location Cookie Flow Displaying Location Cookie Information Configuring Wireless Users for E-Commerce Applications Configuring Session Initiation Protocol Load Balancing Configuration Requirements and Restrictions SIP Load Balancing Configuration Quick Start Showing Sticky Attributes Showing Sticky Table Configurations Showing Layer 3 Sticky Table Information Showing Layer 4 Sticky Table Information Showing SIP Call-ID Sticky Table Information Showing SSL Sticky Table Information Showing WAP Sticky Table Information Showing Sticky Connection Statistics CHAPTER 12 Configuring HTTP Header Load Balancing 12-1 HTTP Header Load-Balancing Overview 12-2 Using HTTP Header Load Balancing in a Content Rule 12-2 HTTP Header Load Balancing Configuration Quick Start 12-3 Creating a Header Field Group 12-4 Describing the Header Field Group 12-5 Configuring a Header-Field Entry 12-6 Associating a Header Field Group with a Content Rule Showing a Content Rule Header Field Group Configuration Showing Header Field Groups Header Field Group Configuration Examples xiv

15 Contents CHAPTER 13 Configuring Caching 13-1 Caching Overview 13-1 Content Caching 13-2 Using Proxy Caching 13-3 Using Reverse Proxy Caching 13-4 Using Transparent Caching 13-5 Using Cache Clustering 13-7 Caching Configuration Quick Start 13-8 Configuring Caching Content Rules Specifying a Service Type Specifying a Failover Type Configuring Load Balancing Configuring a Double-Wildcard Caching Content Rule Enabling Content Requests to Bypass Caches Using the param-bypass Command Using the cache-bypass Command Using the bypass-hosttag Command Configuring Network Address Translation for Transparent Caches Configuring Network Address Translation Peering Configuring NAT Peering CHAPTER 14 Configuring Content Replication 14-1 Configuring Demand-Based Content Replication 14-2 Demand-Based Content Replication Quick Start 14-3 Configuring Hot Lists 14-5 Specifying Service Type for Replication 14-6 Configuring Max Age 14-7 Configuring Max Content 14-8 Configuring Max Usage 14-8 Configuring FTP Access for Content Replication 14-8 xv

16 Contents Creating an FTP Record 14-9 Configuring Content Staging and Replication Content Staging and Replication Quick Start Configuring FTP Access for Publishing and Subscribing Configuring a Publishing Service Displaying Publisher Configurations Configuring a Subscriber Service Displaying Subscriber Configurations Configuring a Content Rule for Content Staging and Replication Configuring Publisher Content Replication Configuring File-Error Handling for Content Replication Displaying Content I NDEX xvi

17 FIGURES Figure 1-1 Services, Owners, and Content Rules 1-3 Figure 1-2 Example of a TCP Flow 1-4 Figure 1-3 Example of a UDP Flow 1-5 Figure 1-4 Example of a TCP Flow with Front-End and Back-End Connections 1-6 Figure 1-5 Setting Up the Front-End TCP Connection - Delayed Binding 1-6 Figure 1-6 Setting Up the Back-End TCP Connection - Delayed Binding 1-7 Figure 1-7 Example of HTTP Redirection 1-8 Figure 1-8 Example of Remapping the Back-end Connection 1-9 Figure 6-1 Load Calculation Example with Three Servers 6-3 Figure 7-1 Example of SASP Functional Overview 7-2 Figure 8-1 Example of DFP Manager to DFP Agents System Flow 8-5 Figure 10-1 Example of Configuring a Virtual IP Address Figure 10-2 ServerB Configured for Failover Next Figure 10-3 ServerC Configured for Failover Next Figure 10-4 Suspended or Failed Service Configured for Failover Linear Figure 10-5 Removing a Service Configured for Failover Linear Figure 13-1 Proxy Cache Configuration Example 13-4 Figure 13-2 Reverse Proxy Cache Configuration Example 13-5 Figure 13-3 Transparent Cache Configuration Example 13-6 Figure 13-4 Cache Cluster Configuration Example 13-7 Figure 13-5 Cache Services Configured for Failover Next Example Figure 13-6 Cache Services Configured for Failover Next Example xvii

18 Figures Figure 13-7 Suspended or Failed Cache Service Configured for Failover Linear Figure 13-8 Removing a Cache Service Configured for Failover Linear Figure 13-9 NAT Peering Configuration Example xviii

19 TABLES Table 2-1 Field Descriptions for the flow statistics Command 2-6 Table 2-2 Field Descriptions for show flow-timeout default Command 2-9 Table 2-3 Field Descriptions for the show flow-timeout configured Command 2-10 Table 2-4 Field Descriptions for the show ip-fragment-stats Command 2-16 Table 2-5 Default CSS Flow-Disabled Ports 2-20 Table 2-6 Flow-State Table Default Values 2-21 Table 2-7 Field Descriptions for the show flow-state-table Command 2-25 Table 2-8 Field Descriptions for show global-portmap Command 2-30 Table 2-9 Field Descriptions for show noflow-portmap Command 2-33 Table 3-1 Service Configuration Quick Start 3-3 Table 3-2 Field Descriptions for the show service Command Output 3-21 Table 4-1 Keepalive Class, Types, and Limitations 4-3 Table 4-2 Global Keepalive Configuration Quick Start 4-5 Table 4-3 Field Descriptions for the show keepalive Command Output 4-24 Table 5-1 Adding Modules (SPs) to a CSS Decreases the Number of Eligible Source Ports While Adding VIP Addresses for Port Mapping Increases the Number of Eligible Source Ports 5-4 Table 5-2 Adding Destination Ports or Configuring a VIP Address Range for Port Mapping Increases the Number of Eligible Source Ports 5-5 Table 5-3 Source Group Configuration Quick Start 5-6 Table 5-4 Field Descriptions for the show group Command Output 5-22 Table 6-1 Relative Load Configuration Quick Start 6-5 xix

20 Tables Table 6-2 Field Descriptions for the show load Command Output 6-10 Table 6-3 Absolute Load Configuration Quick Start 6-13 Table 6-4 Service-Specific Field Descriptions for the show load Command Output 6-19 Table 6-5 Output for the show load absolute Command (load absolute-sensitivity = 21) 6-21 Table 6-6 Field Descriptions for the show load absolute Command Output 6-22 Table 6-7 Output for the show load absolute Command (load absolute-sensitivity = 22) 6-23 Table 6-8 Output for the show load absolute Command (load absolute-sensitivity = 1) 6-24 Table 6-9 Output for the show load absolute Command (load absolute-sensitivity = 2) 6-25 Table 7-1 Field Descriptions for the show sasp Command Output 7-12 Table 7-2 Field Descriptions for the show sasp-agent-summary Command Output 7-13 Table 7-3 Field Descriptions for the show sasp-agent label Command Output 7-17 Table 8-1 Field Descriptions for the show dfp Command Output 8-9 Table 8-2 Field Descriptions for the show dfp-reports Command Output 8-11 Table 9-1 Owner Configuration Quick Start 9-2 Table 9-2 Field Descriptions for the show owner name Command Output 9-7 Table 9-3 Field Descriptions for the show owner name statistics Command Output 9-9 Table 9-4 Field Descriptions for the show summary Command Output 9-11 Table 10-1 Content Rule Configuration Quick Start 10-5 Table 10-2 Field Descriptions for the show dql Command Output Table 10-3 Virtual Web Hosting Configuration Quick Start Table 10-4 Field Descriptions for the show domain hotlist Command Output Table 10-5 Field Descriptions for the show http-methods Command Output Table 10-6 Field Descriptions for the show eql Command Output Table 10-7 URQL Configuration Quick Start Table 10-8 Field Descriptions for the show urql Command Output xx

21 Tables Table 10-9 Field Descriptions for a Specified URQL Table Field Descriptions for the show remap Command Output Table Field Descriptions for the show content Command Output Table Field Descriptions for the show rule Command Output Table 11-1 Applying Sticky Rules to Content Rules 11-8 Table 11-2 Location Cookie Configuration Quick Start for Site Table 11-3 Location Cookie Configuration Quick Start for Site Table 11-4 Location Cookie Configuration Quick Start for Site Table 11-5 SIP Configuration Quick Start Table 11-6 Field Descriptions for the show rule sticky Command Output Table 11-7 Field Descriptions for the show sticky-table all-sticky Command Output Table 11-8 Field Descriptions for the show sticky-stats Command Output Table 12-1 HTTP Load Balancing Configuration Quick Start 12-3 Table 12-2 Field Descriptions for the show header-field-group Command Output Table 13-1 Caching Configuration Quick Start 13-8 Table 13-2 NAT Configuration Quick Start Table 14-1 Demand-Based Content Replication Configuration Quick Start 14-3 Table 14-2 Content Staging and Replication Configuration Quick Start Table 14-3 Field Descriptions for the show publisher Command Table 14-4 Field Descriptions for the show subscriber Command Table 14-5 Field Descriptions for the show content Command xxi

22 Tables xxii

23 Preface This guide provides instructions for the content load-balancing configuration of the Cisco Series Content Services Switch (CSS). Information in this guide applies to all CSS models except where noted. The CSS software is available in a Standard or optional Enhanced feature set. The Enhanced feature set contains all of the Standard feature set and also includes Network Address Translation (NAT) Peering, Domain Name Service (DNS), Demand-Based Content Replication (Dynamic Hot Content Overflow), Content Staging and Replication, and Network Proximity DNS. Proximity Database and Secure Management, which includes Secure Shell Host and SSL strong encryption, are optional features. This preface contains the following major sections: Audience How to Use This Guide Related Documentation Symbols and Conventions Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines xxiii

24 Audience Preface Audience This guide is intended for the following trained and qualified service personnel who are responsible for configuring the CSS: Web master System administrator System operator How to Use This Guide This guide is organized as follows: Chapter Chapter 1, Content Load-Balancing Overview Chapter 2, Configuring Flow and Port Mapping Parameters Chapter 3, Configuring Services Chapter 4, Configuring Service, Global, and Script Keepalives Chapter 5, Configuring Source Groups for Services Chapter 6, Configuring Loads for Services Description Assist you in understanding load balancing on the CSS by providing information about the relationship of service, owner, and content rules, and describes how the CSS handles TCP and UDP traffic. Configure flow and port mapping parameters for the CSS. Create and configure services. This chapter also provides information on activating and suspending a service and displaying service information. Configure service, global, and script keepalives. This chapter also provides information on how to display keepalive information. Configure source groups for services. This chapter also provides information on source group port mapping and displaying source group information. Configure the relative and absolute load for services. This chapter also provides information on how to display global load information. xxiv

25 Preface How to Use This Guide Chapter Chapter 7, Configuring Server/Application State Protocol for Server Load Balancing Chapter 8, Configuring Dynamic Feedback Protocol for Server Load Balancing Chapter 9, Configuring Owners Chapter 10, Configuring Content Rules Chapter 11, Configuring Sticky Parameters for Content Rules Chapter 12, Configuring HTTP Header Load Balancing Chapter 13, Configuring Caching Chapter 14, Configuring Content Replication Description ConfigureServer/Application State Protocol (SASP). SASP allows global workload managers (GWM) to monitor backend servers and their applications. The GWM uses SASP to send updated service weights to the CSS for load balancing decisions. Configure Dynamic Feedback Protocol (DFP). DFP allows load-balanced servers (both local and remote) to dynamically report changes in their status and their ability to provide services to a CSS. Create and configure owners. This chapter also describes how to configure owner attributes such as a DNS balance type, address, billing information, case sensitivity, and DNS type. Create and configure content rules. This chapter also describes how to assign a content rule to an owner, configure a virtual IP address, add a service to a content rule, and activate, suspend, and remove a content rule. Configure sticky parameters for content rules such as subnet mask, inactive timeout, string range, string operation, string prefix and string skip length. Configure HTTP header load balancing including creating a header field group, configuring a header field entry, associating a header field group to a content rule, and showing header field groups. Configure content caching for proxy, reverse proxy, and transparent caching configurations. Configure demand-based content replication and content synchronization using publisher and subscriber services on a CSS. xxv

26 Related Documentation Preface Related Documentation In addition to this document, the Content Services Switch documentation set includes the following: Document Title Release Note for the Cisco Series Content Services Switch Cisco Series Content Services Switch Hardware Installation Guide Cisco Content Services Switch Getting Started Guide Description This release note provides information on operating considerations, caveats, and command-line interface (CLI) commands for the Cisco series CSS. This guide provides information for installing, cabling, and powering the Cisco series CSS. In addition, this guide provides information about CSS specifications, cable pinouts, and hardware troubleshooting. This guide describes how to perform initial administration and configuration tasks on the CSS, including: Booting the CSS for the first time and a routine basis, and logging in to the CSS Configuring the username and password, Ethernet management port, static IP routes, and the date and time Configuring DNS server for hostname resolution Configuring sticky cookies with a sticky overview and advanced load-balancing method using cookies Installing the CSS Cisco View Device Manager (CVDM) browser-based user interface used to configure the CSS Finding information in the CSS documentation with a task list Troubleshooting the boot process xxvi