Using EMME/2 in environmental studies in the Czech Republic

Transcription

1 Using EMME/2 in environmental studies in the Czech Republic Mgr. Jiří Dufek, Mgr. Ivo Dostál Centrum dopravního výzkumu (Transport Research Centre)

2 Introduction - only one licence in the Czech Republic - one year experience in urban transport modeling of Brno city and Zlin town will be presented - pioneer approach: no EMME/2 in Czechia before - distributors are from Hungary (completely different language) - we learn ourselves (no courses in Europe)

3 Brno city model Description of city: - 2nd largest city in the Czech republic - approximately inhabitants - relatively well developed public transport system (run by local government owned company DPmB)

4 Transportation modes: Brno city model -modes

5 Brno city model public transport Transit vehicles (normal and joint)

6 Used functions: Brno city model - functions - the only 1 volume delay (BPR function) - 2 transit time functions: ft2 in centre core - 2 simple turn penalty functions only penalization without the dependence on turn volumes t functions init a fd1 =(length * 60 / el1 / 100) * (1 + ((volau + volad) / (lanes * el2 )) ^ 5) a ft1 =length * 60 / (speed * 100) a ft2 =length * 60 * 1.8 / (speed * 100) a fp1 =.1 a fp2 =.2 e1=ul1= free flow link speed e2 = estimation of a link capacity (depending on link type)

7 Network: Brno city model - network centroids, 1814 regular nodes, more 6000 links, 113 intersections and 57 transit lines, - centroids = specific zones created by an overlapping of the zones of traffic research and urban zones -ui1, ui2, ui3 = numbers of individual urbanistic zones are described in each centroid, -only 1 scenario is done up to now, -Xi and Yi are in the S-JTSK projection (used in Central Europe), -Xi and Yi are in meters = ling length in meters (or 10-meters, 100-meters...) recalculation with 2.41 module

8 Auto network: Brno city model auto network Red links = main roads Green links = local roads

9 Network: Brno city model - network - The links are classified with the help of link type. The link type corresponds approximately to free flow speed, which is input as user link data 1 (ul1) as in Table 1. Road type motorways D1 (Brno - Prague) and D2 (Brno - Bratislava, Slovak Republic) express roads (R52) 1st class roads outside the city Big City Circle (outer) Small City Circle (inner) linear roads from/to center - main linear roads from/to center - minor local main roads local adjoining roads pedestrian links (in parks, public green space...) Link type ul 1 (speed in km/h)

10 Brno city model transit network Transit network: - 13 tram 11 trolleybus and 33 bus lines - trams in centre delayed due to high density and sharing the road with cars: ttf = 2 tram lines with background transit network

11 Brno city model transit network Transit network: - trolleybuses and buses used for the connection of the centre and housing zones - node labels are used for transit stops names lines in centre with node labels - transit stop names

12 Brno city model matrices Auto demand matrix: mf1 - has been created from traffic research and modified - modification in order to have the batch input format - updating: new centroids = new shopping centers, data from population census (2001) Transit demand matrix: mf2 - calculated from mf 1 (resp. mo1 and md1) according to modal split (no modal split model used) - averaged modal split in Brno : 45 % auto, 55 % public transit - vary from 30:70 (centre) to about 80:20 (suburb) - created by matrix balancing, with the help of mo, md and unit matrix (default=1) or exponential function of travel time (examples in the EMME/2 manual)

13 Brno city model matrices Auto and transit travel time matrices - obtained from the fixed demand auto and transit assignment all mf matrices

14 Brno city model auto assignment Auto assignment: - standard equilibrium auto assignment - assigned volumes are stored in an extra attribute (@int).

15 Brno city model NOx emissions Emission calculation (using the module 2.41) - NOx emission factors per a vehicle (g/km) in extra depends on the delayed speed: ul2: (ul2=length*60/timau) - NOx emission (ul3) Delayed speed (ul2) [km/h] < > 110 NOx (@efnox) [g/km] NOx emission factors of passenger cars (from database of Czech vehicles mainly Skoda)

16 Brno city model NOx emissions Results of NOx emissions calculation The NOx emissions in Brno model network (grams per meter) A screenshot of auto links with NOx emissions

17 Brno city model transit assignment Fixed demand transit assignment - done for the future modeling of the planned actions in Brno: Park and Ride, shift of Central Railway station, etc.. - fixed demand transit assignment = transit volumes of individual lines and segments, wait time factor = weights for perceived individual component of travel time are estimated = 1, except pedestrian - auxiliary transit time weight= 1.3 better results

18 Brno city model transit assignment Fixed demand transit assignment results - the most of people travel in western part of the inner ring more 130 thousands per a day - the Central Railway Station is a stop with most of people boarding and alighting more than 65 thousands per a day () All transit lines and nodes with daily boarding > There is a plan to shift the Central Railway Station on the south (?)

19 Brno city model transit assignment Auxiliary transit assignment results - pedestrian traffic in northern part of city centre initial boarding (violet) transfer boarding (yellow)

20 Brno city model transit assignment Auxiliary transit assignment results - pedestrian traffic in southern part of city centre initial boarding (violet) transfer boarding (yellow)

21 Brno city model verification Verification of the results - very long process (first assigments were totally wrong ) - results of National Traffic Census are available in Brno city but only for the motorways and 1st class roads - approaching to the observed volumes = repeating the process many times (modification of inputs, repeated asignments) - public transport: some data about boarding and alighting in Central Railway Station and in surrounding were available. - which inputs had to be modified? Almost all: VDF, TPF, TTF, speed (ul1), estimation of capacity (@lacap) - fixed inputs: network data, auto demand matrix mf1

22 Introduction Zlin town model - Zlin is home town of shoemaker Tomas Bata - the goal of the modeling = evaluation of an impact of planned roads - predict the changes in traffic, which should come with the construction of new roads - the model does not involve public transport until now, even though the public transport is well developed in this town - 2 scenarios are dome: present state anf the future state, after supposed 2 new planned roads: Right Shore road and - 42 centroids, 175 regular nodes, 592 links and 4 intersections - nodes and centroids are in the S-JTSK coordinate system (like in Brno city

23 Zlin town model present situation Scenario 1 - the town shape is very extended in east - west direction - one big avenue with heavy traffic burden and a lot of congestions is the horizontal hub of the town - many houses are situated close to this noisy and dusty road. Assigned volumes in Scenario 1 - present state

24 Zlin town model present situation Scenario 1 - the detail of the central part

25 Zlin town model present situation Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) - traffic volumes in both scenarios were used for the calculation of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from transport - share of light and heavy duty vehicles and buses is 5-7 % on main road and only about 1-2 % in local road - share of buses has been estimated according to public transport timetables Transport mode passenger cars light duty vehicles heavy duty vehicles buses t o t a l Daily emission of CO2 [tonnes]

26 Zlin town model traffic prediction Scenario 2 -Assignment of the same matrix on the network with planned roads - efficiency of 2 planned roads: express road "Right Shore" and connection "Prstenska". Right Road Shore Prstenska connection

27 Zlin town model traffic prediction Scenario 2 - the detail of the predicted traffic in central part

28 Brno city Conclusions -transport modeling should be an important part of environmental impact assessment especially in Brno city, -planned actions in Brno are: planned shift of Central Railway Station, finalization of the Big City Circle, building of parking houses and its best location, Park and Ride system, -the model should help to evaluate all possible scenarios and optimal strategy, - more scenarios for Brno model are planned, - more advanced modeling techiques (modal split, generalised costs, multiclass and variable demand assignment, etc..

29 Zlin town Conclusions planned work -The public transit will be add to the databank Other models (national, regional) -The national model is in the beginning (network) -Regional models with a help of coding of national model subnetwork -Intercity matrix = help of population census 2001

30 Contact Centrum dopravního výzkumu (Transport Research Centre) Líšenská 33a, Brno Czech Republic Section of Environment Křižíkova 70, Brno Czech Republic Telephone: (+420) Fax: (+420)