Work. Reading 1. C Reading part 1. babysitting badly paid earn gain experience mowing lawns / cutting grass stacking shelves

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1 Work Reading 1 babysitting badly paid earn gain experience mowing lawns / cutting grass stacking shelves Look at the pictures. Which of these jobs would you like / not like to do part-time? What other part-time jobs do teenagers sometimes do? A The article you are going to read mentions several different jobs. Look through the article quickly to find all the different jobs mentioned and circle them. B Match a word or phrase from the headings in Exercise with these words and phrases. 1 choose 6 write to or talk to 2 consider the good things 7 without earning money 3 do 8 easy 4 money you get 9 need 5 richer or more successful Reading part 1 You are going to read an article giving advice to teenagers about part-time jobs. hoose the most suitable heading from the list A-I for each part (1-7) of the article. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). A arry out some research B Better off working together? They could do with you D Think positively! E Who to contact F Not always straightforward G Working for free H Pick a service to provide I Income and other benefits How should you do Reading part 1? a Don t bother checking that the heading you have not chosen is the extra heading. b Before moving on to Reading part 2, quickly check that the heading you have not chosen is definitely not one of the answers. 0 I As a teenager, you are likely to have both a fair amount of spare time and a desire to earn some money. By working to earn money yourself, you can learn a lot about the value of things as well as the world of business. Typical and obvious jobs for teenagers include working at a fast-food restaurant, working as a shop assistant or stacking shelves at a supermarket. 1 What you get out of a job like this depends on your attitude. If your attitude is I hate this job then obviously you won t benefit much from it; if, on the other hand, you look at it as an opportunity to learn how a business works from the inside out, then the benefits can be great. Many of the new generation of millionaires, for example, are owners of franchise and private restaurants. Owning a restaurant is not easy, however, and it requires knowledge and skill to be successful, so start gathering this as a teenager. Try as many positions as possible and ask lots of questions about cash flow, staffing, etc. Applying this attitude to any job you have will really pay off; you ll learn a huge amount. 2 For many teenagers, there are a variety of problems associated with getting a job. You may not be old enough or you may lack reliable transportation. You may not have enough total time available or a regular enough schedule for someone to be willing to hire you. You might not even be able to find a 116

2 Part-time Jobs for Teenagers Work case of an activity like car washing, you could also call garages in your area and ask what they charge. job in an area that you enjoy. If any of these problems holds true for you, then working for yourself on a part-time basis may be the best way to go. 3 Baby-sitting, for example, is a tried and tested way for responsible teenagers who like being with kids to make money. There are several things you can do to make your services more valuable. Think about taking a first- aid course so that you know how to handle emergencies. Secondly, you might want to consider teaming up with some like-minded friends. That way your group will be able to say yes more often, increasing the amount of work you re offered. 4 If baby-sitting doesn t appeal to you, then you might want to consider garden care. During the summer you mow lawns, trim hedges and so on, in the autumn D Find a word or phrase in the article that has a similar meaning to each of these words or phrases. 1 gaining, getting (paragraph 1) 2 not have (paragraph 2) 3 deal with (paragraph 3) 4 with the same interests (paragraph 3) 5 starting to do (paragraph 4) 6 possible (in the future) (paragraph 5) you rake leaves and in the winter you shovel snow! Indoor house painting is another option. Before undertaking this, you need to make sure you know what you are doing by working with someone with experience and practising at home (but get your parents permission first!). Other activities include providing in-home pet care when owners are on holiday; errand-running for busy people; washing cars for neighbours or teaching people how to use computers or the Internet. 5 One question you will have as soon as you choose an activity is How much should I charge? This is a question which is best answered by doing a market survey. You ll need to call around and ask potential customers what they are used to paying and/or willing to pay, or ask your friends what they charge for similar activities. In the What other advice would you give to a teenager thinking of getting a part-time job? 6 Another way of gaining experience is to offer your services to a small business. Although it may not be obvious to you, every community has thousands of small firms which do all sorts of things: printing, plumbing, computer programming, advertising and so on. Many of these could really benefit from a part-time helper who is reliable and mature. In return, you can learn an amazing amount about the business. You will be surprised at how quickly you become a valued part of the team. 7 Volunteer positions are another option. You can volunteer your services at many hospitals, old people s homes, and most charitable organisations or political groups. You won't earn any money, but you can gain valuable experience and colleges and universities will be impressed by any voluntary work you have done. Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. an you work out what they mean from the context? typical holds true tried and tested mature old people s homes Is the advice in the article useful for you and your friends? 117

3 Work Grammar 1 Relative clauses In which of these situations is there more than one woman? In which sentence can we replace who with that? a The woman who was offered the job had very good qualifications. b The woman, who was offered the job, had very good qualifications. Defining relative clauses: essential information do not use commas The job which I turned down was very badly paid. that can usually replace the relative pronoun The job that I turned down was very badly paid. we can leave out the relative pronoun completely when it is the object of the clause The job I turned down was very badly paid. B hoose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. 1 My boss is the Sales Manager, who / which actually spends most of his time abroad. 2 The position of Sales Director, who / which is very well paid, has been vacant for several months. 3 I ll have another interview next week, on which / when they ll tell me if I ve got the job or not. 4 There are several reasons why / which we decided not to offer you the position. 5 This is the desk where / which I work. 6 My new boss, who s / whose name is Alan, seems very nice. the office in which I work the office which I work in the office where I work the office where I work in Write one word in each gap to complete the text. Do not write that and do not leave any gaps blank. Non-defining relative clauses: extra information use commas I ve worked here for twenty years, which is a very long time. that cannot replace the relative pronoun we cannot leave out the relative pronoun Which relative pronoun to use ( who, which, where, etc) depends on what is being referred to. See Grammar Database 26 on page 188 for more information. 118 A These phrases appeared in the article on page 116. Without looking back, write in all the possible relative pronouns. Put a dash ( ) if the relative pronoun can be left out. Then check your answers by looking back at the article. 1 a tried and tested way for responsible teenagers... like being with kids 2 There are several things... you can do 3 increasing the amount of work... you re offered 4 This is a question... is best answered by 5 these could really benefit from a part-time helper... is reliable 6 will be impressed by any voluntary work... you have done My first paid job, 1... I got when I was fourteen, was on a hristmas tree farm 2... was run by Mr and Mrs Greenhow, 3... were friends of my parents. People 4... wanted to buy a hristmas tree would come to the field 5... I was working and would tell me 6... tree they wanted, 7... I would then dig up for them and carry down to the farmhouse, 8... Mrs Greenhow would sort out payment. The job, 9... sounded easy when they offered it to me, was actually extremely hard work as the trees I had to dig up were always the really big ones no-one wants a real hristmas tree wants a small hristmas tree! That was the time I realised I was better suited to working in an office. Doing that holiday job was the main reason I decided to work hard at school so I wouldn t have to work on a farm for the rest of my life!

4 Vocabulary Employment A Make notes and discuss. What s the difference between 1 being unemployed and self-employed? 2 a permanent job and a temporary job? 3 a salary and a wage? 4 a part-time job and a full-time job? 5 being on commission and getting royalties? 6 getting the sack or being fired and being made redundant? 7 commuting and going on a business trip? 8 doing overtime and being on strike? Word formation omplete each sentence using a form of the word in brackets. 1 This company prides itself in the way it treats its.... (EMPLOY) 2 I m Mr Taggart s personal.... (ASSIST) 3 I ve spoken to the... director and she d like to discuss the idea with you further. (MANAGE) 4 I was a factory... for over thirty years. (WORK) 5 If you ve got a problem, talk to your.... (SUPERVISE) 6 Dawn s a... accountant at the moment. She won t qualify for another two years. (TRAIN) 7 We interviewed over a hundred... for the position. (APPLY) Work Phrasal verbs: employment B hoose the correct word to complete the phrasal verbs. 1 Is there an application form to fill in / up or should I just send you a V? 2 The company took up / on over a hundred new members of staff last year. 3 I think I ve taken off / on more work than I can actually manage. 4 Interviewing job applicants takes over / up a lot of my time. 5 Why don t you put in / up for promotion? You deserve it. 6 Their family firm was taken up / over by a huge multinational corporation. Have / take / make / do D Put each phrase into the correct category: have, take, make and do. Some phrases can go in more than one category. an appointment an arrangement a break care certain a complaint a day off a decision a difference an effect an effort an experience an experiment a fortune a holiday an idea a job a mistake money part in something a plan research sense some work someone a favour a suggestion sure the best of something the chance to do the housework turns up your mind your best your duty your homework 119

5 Work Listening double-yellow lines forbidden parking ticket traffic warden B Listening part 2 You will hear an interview in a radio programme about careers. For questions 1-10, complete the notes by writing a word or short phrase in each box. Jobwatch Elaine s Occupation: 1 She s employed by: 2 Others are employed by: 3 Responsibilities: help with: 4 issue: 5 Most work: 6 Average number of hours per week: 7 How should you do Listening part 2? Remember that the questions are... in the same order as the information is presented in the recording. a not always b always What s happening in the photograph? Qualifications required (GSEs): 8 Must attend: 9 Must wear: 10 A Look at the gaps in Exercise B. What kind of information will you have to write in each gap? Look at the words in italics in Exercise D. Think of another way of expressing each word. D Listening part 4 You will hear a conversation between a traffic warden and a motorist. For questions 1-7, decide which of the statements are true and which are false. Write T for true or F for false in the box provided. The motorist knew that he had parked illegally. 1 The traffic warden suggests an alternative place to park. 2 How should you do Listening part 4? a Listen to people s tone of voice and attitude as well as the words they use. It might help get the answer right. b Only listen to the words people use. Their tone of voice won t help you get the answer right. The motorist says he is prepared to pay to park his van. 3 The traffic warden apologises for what she had previously said. 4 The motorist criticises the traffic warden s profession. 5 The traffic warden increases the fine because of the motorist s attitude. 6 The traffic warden makes the motorist leave before he collects his friend. 7 Do you think traffic wardens serve a useful purpose? Would you like to be a traffic warden? 120

6 Speaking Work Think of as many places as you can where people work. ompare your list with a partner s. A Listen to a candidate talking about two photos in Speaking part 2. How successful or unsuccessful is the candidate s answer? Give the candidate a score out of 5 for this part and explain your reasons. B Look at the photos in Exercise and complete the tables in note form. Photo This is a picture of compare / contrast Which job do you prefer? Why? A B Photo This is a picture of compare / contrast How would you feel working here? D Speaking part 2 andidate A, here are two photographs of different jobs. I d like you to compare and contrast them and say which job you would prefer and why. You only have one minute for this. A B andidate B, do either of these jobs appeal to you? andidate B, here are two photographs of different workplaces. I d like you to compare and contrast them and say how you would feel about working in these places. You only have one minute for this. andidate A, which place would you prefer to work in? D How should you do Speaking part 2? a When the other candidate is given two photos, don t look at them because they are not for you. b When the other candidate is given two photos, look at them because you will have to talk briefly about them too. 121