MINISTÉRIO DA DEFESA NACIONAL

Transcription

1 MINISTÉRIO DA DEFESA NACIONAL FORÇA AÉREA CENTRO DE FORMAÇÃO MILITAR E TÉCNICA DA FORÇA AÉREA CONCURSO DE ADMISSÃO AO CFS/QP 2010 / 2011 PROVA DE INGLÊS (Médio) 2010 LEIA ATENTAMENTE AS SEGUINTES INSTRUÇÕES 1. Na sua folha de respostas, preencha a sua identificação somente no destacável. O não cumprimento deste ponto implica a anulação da prova; 2. O tempo total da prova é de 105 minutos, com 15 minutos de tolerância; 3. Leia cuidadosamente o texto e certifique-se de que percebeu a pergunta antes de responder; 4. Se tiver dificuldade em responder a qualquer questão, passe adiante e tente resolvê-la posteriormente; 5. Após a conclusão da sua prova, deixe sobre a carteira este enunciado e as folhas de resposta. Tenha calma e... BOM TRABALHO

2 She Lives Off What We Throw Away They're called freegans eco-extremists who subsist on what we toss in the trash. Are they crazy or are we? By Jan Goodwin Freegans are neither homeless nor destitute. They are committed environmentalists (typically vegan) who reject our wasteful consumer culture by living almost entirely on what others throw away. Freegans rarely go hungry thanks to the colossal amount of food Americans dump every day 38 million tons annually.. Those castoffs are composed, in part, of the less-than-perfect products consumers instinctively reject: bruised apples, wilted lettuce, dented cans. Freegans, like 24-year-old Leia MonDragon, feast on those castoffs. "It's amazing what you can find and the good condition it's in," she exclaims, holding aloft a week's worth of produce, including watermelon, summer squash, tomatoes, onions, and bananas. Though technically past their prime, they look pristine. Aside from the $1600 a month in rent MonDragon pays for her two-bedroom Brooklyn apartment, which she shares with her boyfriend, Tate, their 1-year-old daughter, Uma, and her retired grandfather, just about everything she owns has been salvaged or handmade. MonDragon first embraced freeganism five years ago as a student at a Minnesota community college, where she met Tate. "We were broke, trying to find the money for even a simple meal like rice and beans," she explains. "We saw a freegan flyer and hooked up with some people who showed us how to do it. And just like that, we had a source of free food. It was amazing." The more time the pair spent with entrenched freegans, the more exposure they got to the movement. Since relocating to New York two years ago, they have become ardent practitioners, positioning their lifestyle as a boycott of "corporate greed" and an alternative to capitalism. "It's so wrong when people are losing their jobs, struggling to survive, that stores are throwing out such vast quantities of good food," MonDragon sighs. "Freegans have been living this way for years and are very healthy," says Dr. Ruth Kava, director of nutrition at the American Council on Science and Health. "In fact, a freegan's biggest risk may be falling headfirst into a Dumpster." That, or being slapped with a fine or worse for trespassing on private property to scavenge. It's not uncommon for store owners, mistaking freegans for homeless people or burglars, to call the police. Two years ago, a pair of freegans, were sentenced to six months in jail after jumping a fence and taking a couple of handfuls of fruit and vegetables from a grocery store's trash. For that reason, MonDragon confines her searches to whatever she finds on the street. She and Tate get by on less than $20,000 a year he drives a taxi, and she clerks at a nonprofit during the summer. Though she lives hand to mouth, MonDragon insists she wants for nothing. Her family eats three hearty meals a day; their closets are crammed with wool coats, shoes, shirts with tags still dangling from their sleeves. She's got an active social life, towing Uma to playdates with other freegan moms and fielding invitations to watch DVDs with freegan friends. "We usually never take more than we need," she explains, "We don't need to. There will be more trash out there tomorrow." Página 1 de 5

3 I 1- Go through the text and find evidence for the following statements: a. Although the discarded food that freegans gather has expired, it is still unspoilt. b. MonDragon has become an actual freegan only when she moved to New York. c. The two main harms for freegans are accidents while foraging or problems with the police. 3 x 5p 2- Choose the best explanation for the underlined words as they appear in the text: a. ( ) we were broke ( ) (line 16) 1) had an accident 2) we separated 3) we didn t have money b. ( ) She and Tate get by on less than $20,000 a year( ) (line 33) 1) survive 2) catch 3) find c. ( ) Though she lives hand to mouth ( ) ( line 35) 1) with only enough to survive 2) with more than enough 3) poorly 3 x 5p 3- Find synonyms in the text for the following words or expressions: a. needy b. unspoiled c. well-established d. rejection e. huge 5 x 3p 4- Choose the most suitable way to complete the sentences according to the ideas expressed in the text: 4.1 MonDragon and tate first took to freeganism because a. they were unemployed. b. they lived with some people who did it. c. they didn t have money to eat. d. they were concerned about the environment. Página 2 de 5

4 4.2. The corporate greed mentioned in line 22 refers to a. the selfishness of individuals b. the profit-oriented mentality of big international companies. c. the wasteful behaviour of big corporations. d. the stores that throw away huge amounts of good food Freegans sometimes happen to be arrested because a. people think they are criminals b. they trespass on private property. c. they forage through the store s trash. d. they don t pay the fines. 3 x 10p 1- Complete the following text with the correct word from the ones given below: profit wildlife to global resources who impacts on every further II Freegans are people a. employ alternative strategies for living based b. limited participation in the conventional economy and minimal consumption of c.. Freegans embrace community, generosity, freedom, cooperation, and sharing in opposition d. materialism, moral apathy, competition, conformity, and greed. The word freegan is compounded from free and vegan. Vegans are people who avoid products from animal sources or products tested on animals in an effort to avoid harming animals. Freegans take this a step e. by recognizing that in a complex, industrial, mass-production economy driven by f., abuses of humans, animals, and the earth abound at all levels of production (from acquisition to raw materials to production to transportation) and in just about g. product we buy. Rainforest destruction, h. warming, displacement of indigenous communities, air and water pollution, eradication of i., oil drilling in environmentally sensitive areas, child slavery, are just some of the many j. of the seemingly innocuous consumer products we consume every day x 2p Página 3 de 5

5 2. Choose from the given options the correct verb tense/ form to fill in the blanks : Vegans 2.1 all kinds of plant foods - like fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds, - and fungi, and food made from these. Vegans choose 2.2 any foods derived from living or dead animals - no meat of any kind, no animal milks, no eggs, no honey, nor any other animal products. 2.3 vegan food is easier than it 2.4. You can now buy vegan cheese, vegan chocolate, vegan ice-cream, vegan mayonnaise, vegan sausages, vegan yoghurt, vegan haggis...the choices are endless. Besides, animal-free food 2.5 easier to spot, as more and more companies adopt The Vegan Society's trademark sunflower logo a. enjoys a. to not eat a. find a. has ever been a. is becoming b. enjoy b. not eat b. to find b. ever was b. was becoming c. will enjoy c. not to eat c. finding c. will ever be c. had become 5 x 5p 3- Rewrite the following sentences starting them as suggested and without changing their meaning: a. Americans dump 38 million tons of food annually. 38 million tons of food... b. Freegans have been living this way for years and are very healthy. Dr. Ruth Kava said... c. MonDragon found a freegan flyer; that s how she knew about the movement.. If she... d. A shop owner mistook a pair of freegans for burglars.. A pair of freegans... e. Although they live hand to mouth, they want for nothing. In spite of... 5 x 6p Página 4 de 5

6 Choose ONE of the following topics and write a small text about it (around 150 words): 1- Alternative lifestyles (vegans, freegans, new age travelers, eco-villagers ) are a III radical way of environmental-friendly living. How can we be environmental-friendly in our daily lives? What do you do (or should do) to minimize your environmental footsteps? Use specific examples to develop your essay. 2- There is nothing in which the birds differ more from men than the way in which they can build and yet leave a landscape as it was before. Robert Lynd Make a comment on the previous statement, focusing on the criticism being made of man as compared to other animals (Find examples of human-driven environmental damage to illustrate that criticism) 50p Página 5 de 5