Production of ferrite nanopowders in radiofrequency thermal plasma
|
|
- Naomi Skinner
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Production of ferrite nanopowders in radiofrequency thermal plasma PhD Theses Loránd Gál Budapest, 2008 HAS Chemical Research Center Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Department of Plasma Chemistry University of Pannonia Doctoral School in Molecular- and Nanotechnology Supervisor: Prof. Dr. János Szépvölgyi
2 Introduction, aims Large-scale production of ferrites started in the middle of the last century in semiconductor industry. As a result of the extensive research and development work in this area large variety of ferrites of various chemical compositions have been produced. Main goals of the developments of ferrite powders and production methods are to explore new scopes, to improve the production in terms of economy and efficiency and to decrease the environmental impact of ferrite production. The main trends of the development are as follows: - considerable decreasing the time duration of technological processes, - preparation of metastable inverse spinels in single technological step, - production of ultrafine ferrite powders for ceramics with special features, - development of clean technology for reducing environmental impact. Radiofrequency inductively coupled thermal plasma systems are getting more popular in the material science and technology. The high operation temperature prevailing, the robust working process, the attainable material purity can be very useful in technological point of view. The PhD Thesis aims at studying the synthesis of nanosized ferrite powders in a radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor. As reference I also studied the production of ferrites from oxide mixtures by sintering. The reaction products have been characterised in a complex way for morphology, chemical composition, phase and magnetic properties.
3 Major results 1. Production of zinc ferrite and nickel-zinc ferrites by high temperature annealing Zinc ferrite and nickel-zinc ferrites have prepared from oxide mixtures in air, at 900 C, by annealing for 6 hours. Formation of spinel ferrites was observed in all cases. The products were paramagnetic zinc ferrites with normal spinel structure and ferrimagnetic nickel-zinc ferrites, respectively. In particular conditions the spinel content of the product depended on the grain size of precursors. Results refer to the important role of diffusion processes in spinel formation. 2. Production of zinc ferrite from oxide mixture in radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor Zinc ferrite has prepared from the mixtures of ZnO and Fe 2 O 3 in RF thermal plasma. Composition of zinc ferrites corresponded to the starting Zn:Fe ratio. Their mean particle size varied from 72 to 349 nm, while the zinc ferrite content changed from 59 to 94%. In addition to zinc ferrite spinels magnetite also formed. The total spinel content was in the range of 76-97%. Magnetic properties of zinc ferrite referred to formation of inverse spinel structure. 3. Production of zinc ferrite from metal nitrates in radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor Zinc ferrite has prepared from ethanol solutions of Zn(NO 3 ) 2 6H 2 O and Fe(NO 3 ) 3 9H 2 O in RF thermal plasma. Composition of zinc ferrites corresponded to the starting Zn:Fe ratio. Their mean particle size varied from 119 to 1000 nm, while the zinc ferrite content changed from 50 to 94%. In addition to zinc ferrite, magnetite, ZnO and -Fe 2 O 3 also formed. The total spinel content of ferrite powders varied in the range of 92-99%. In the nitrate case, the products contained more magnetite and less zinc ferrite as compared to the oxide case. It is explained by lower zinc- and iron content in the gas phase for the nitrate case. It favours formation of thermodynamically more stable magnetite on the one hand, and increases the probability of inverse-to-normal transformation of zinc ferrite spinels on the other. Decrease of the concentrations of precursor solutions resulted in smaller particle size and even smaller crystallite size of zinc ferrite, too. The same effect was observed with increased residence in the plasma reactor. In addition, the zinc ferrite content of the product also increased with the residence time. It refers to the incorporation of zinc oxide into spinel structure formed previously. In the oxide case, the reaction products had smaller mean particle sizes, and they exhibited higher saturation magnetisation and thus, they were more ferrimagnetic than products in the nitrate case. However, the conversion of precursors to ferrites was more complete in the nitrate case.
4 4. Production of nickel-zinc ferrites from oxide mixture in radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor Nickel-zinc ferrites with different compositions were prepared from mixtures of NiO, ZnO and Fe 2 O 3 in RF thermal plasma. Composition of zinc ferrites corresponded to the starting Zn:Fe ratio. Their mean particle size varied from 76 to 998 nm. The main reaction product was nickel-zinc ferrite with minor amounts of ZnO and -Fe 2 O 3. The nickel-zinc ferrite spinel content varied between 95 and 99%. Measurements of magnetic properties confirmed formation of ferrimagnetic spinels. 5. Production of nickel-zinc ferrite from metal nitrates in radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor Nickel-zinc ferrites with different compositions were prepared from solutions of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 6H 2 O, Zn(NO 3 ) 2 6H 2 O and Fe(NO 3 ) 3 9H 2 O in RF thermal plasma. Composition of zinc ferrites corresponded to the starting Ni:Zn:Fe ratio. Their mean particle size varied from 96 to 281 nm. The main reaction product was nickel-zinc ferrite with minor amount of -Fe 2 O 3. The nickel-zinc ferrite spinel content varied between 99 and 100%, i.e. actually pure spinels have been formed. The saturation magnetisation of the products increased with the nickel content. Increase of the specific energy of ferrite synthesis led to ferrites of smaller particle size and of higher the saturation magnetisation. This finding is explained by the changes in heat- and mass transfer phenomena and to more intensive homogenous nucleation, as well. Correlations were found amongst the feed rate of precursors, the product yield and the morphology: the yield and the particle size increased with the feed rate. The magnetic properties of nickel-zinc ferrites produced in RF thermal plasma changed on annealing. When the reaction products were annealed in air, at 1000 C, for 1 hour, their saturation magnetisation increased by 30% referring to increased ferrimagnetic character. On further annealing, the saturation magnetisation did not change. Particle size of the products formed from oxide mixtures was smaller than that of products prepared from nitrate solutions. However, conversion of precursors to ferrites was more complete in the nitrate case. 6. Correlation between morphology and composition of ferrites Correlations were found between iron content and particle size of ferrites produced in RF thermal plasma. Particles having diameter smaller than 60 nm, contains less than stoichiometric iron, whereas the larger ones contains more than stoichiometric iron. It is explained by thermodynamic and technological reasons (heat transfer, mean residence time), as well.
5 7. Synthesis of nanosized zinc ferrite in thermal plasma A procedure have been developed to produce nanosized zinc ferrite powders with both normal and inverse spinel content in a single technological step in RF thermal plasma reactor. The mean particle size of reaction product was 26 nm, while its surface area was 40 m 2 g Results of experiments on synthesis of a novel material It has demonstrated that zinc ferrite with purity of 76%, -Fe 2 O 3 with purity of 95% and NiFe 2 O 4 with purity of 99% could be alike produced in RF thermal plasma in a single technological step.
6 Publications Papers: Gál L., Mohai I., Szépvölgyi J.: Cinkferritek elállítása rádiófrekvenciás termikus plazmában. Építanyag 58 (3) (2006) Mohai, L. Gál, J. Szépvölgyi, J. Gubicza, Zs. Farkas: Synthesis of nanosized zinc ferrites from liquid precursors in RF thermal plasma reactor. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 27 (2007) J. Szépvölgyi, I. Mohai, Z. Károly, L. Gál: Synthesis of nanosized ceramic powders in a radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 28 (2008) T. Feczkó, A. Muskotál, L. Gál, J. Szépvölgyi, A. Sebestyén, F. Vonderviszt: Synthesis of Ni Zn ferrite nanoparticles in radiofrequency thermal plasma reactor and their use for purification of histidine-tagged proteins. Journal of Nanoparticle Research DOI /s Conference proceedings: L. Gál, I. Mohai, Z. Károly, J. Szépvölgyi: Synthesis of Nanosized Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma reactor. 17 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Toronto, Canada, 7-12 August, 2005 ID J. Szépvölgyi, I. Mohai, L. Gál, I. Mészáros, J. Gubicza: Synthesis of Nickel-Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma Reactor. 10th International Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society June 17-21, 2007, Berlin L. Gál, I. Mohai, I. Mészáros, J. Gubicza, J. Szépvölgyi: Synthesis of Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma Reactor. 10th International Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society June 17-21, 2007, Berlin J. Szépvölgyi, L. Gál, I. Mohai, I. Mészáros, J. Gubicza: Synthesis of Spinel Ferrites in Radiofrequency Thermal Plasma Reactor. 18 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Kyoto, Japan, August, 2007.
7 Presentations: J. Szépvölgyi, L. Gál, I. Mohai, Z. Károly, J. Gubicza: Synthesis of Nanosized Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma Reactor. HUNS-2005 (MANS-2005) is a national Mobilization Workshop organized within the framework of EU FP6 NENAMAT project (EU FP6 INCO-CT ) March, Budapest, Hungary Gál L., Mohai I., Károly Z., Szépvölgyi J., Gubicza J.: Nanoszemcsés cinkferrit plazmakémiai szintézisének optimalizálása. V. Országos Anyagtudományi, Anyagvizsgálati és Anyaginformatikai Konferencia és Kiállítás, Balatonfüred, október J. Szépvölgyi, I. Mohai, L. Gál, I. Mészáros, J. Gubicza: Synthesis of Nickel-Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma Reactor. 10th International Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society June 17-21, 2007, Berlin L. Gál, I. Mohai, J. Szépvölgyi: Synthesis of Ferrites in Radiofrequency Thermal Plasma Reactor. "The Seventh Students' Meeting", SM-2007 PROCESSING AND APPLICATION OF CERAMICS December 6-8, 2007, Novi Sad, Serbia Poster presentations: L. Gál, I. Mohai, J. Szépvölgyi, J. Gubicza, Zs. Farkas: Synthesis of Nanosized Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma reactor. IX Conference & Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society, June, 2005, Portorož, Slovenia L. Gál, I. Mohai, Z. Károly, J. Gubicza, J. Szépvölgyi: Synthesis of Nanosized Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma reactor. 17 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Toronto, Canada, 7-12 August, 2005 L. Gál, I. Mohai, I. Mészáros, J. Gubicza, J. Szépvölgyi: Synthesis of Zinc Ferrites in RF Thermal Plasma Reactor. 10th International Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society June 17-21, 2007, Berlin Muskotál, A., Gál, L., Feczkó, T., Szépvölgyi, J., Vonderviszt, F.: Application of magnetic particles synthesized by thermal plasma for protein purification. Regional Biophysics Conference, Balatonfüred, August 2007 J. Szépvölgyi, L. Gál, I. Mohai, I. Mészáros, J. Gubicza: Synthesis of Spinel Ferrites in Radiofrequency Thermal Plasma Reactor. 18 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Kyoto, Japan, August, 2007.
8 Other papers: B. Todorovic-Markovic, Z. Markovic, I. Mohai, Z. Karoly, L. Gál, K. Fglein, P.T. Szabó and J. Szépvölgyi: Efficient synthesis of fullerenes in RF thermal plasma reactor. Chem. Phys. Letters 378 (2003) imp.f. (2003) 2,438 Z. Markovic, B. Todorovic-Markovic, M. Kuzmanovic, I. Mohai, Z. Károly, L. Gál, A.K. Fglein, P.T. Szabó, J. Szépvölgyi: Efikasna sinteza fulerena u RF termalnom plazma reakturu. Novi Materijali 12 (3) (2003) M. Bystrzejewski, A. Huczko, H. Lange, Z. Karoly, L. Gal: RF plasma synthesis of carbon encapsulates. Polish Journal of Applied Chemistry XLIX, no. 1 2, (2005) Other conference proceedings: Z. Károly, J. Szépvölgyi, L. Gál, I. Mohai: Processing of silica nanopowders in RF thermal plasma reactor. 16 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Taormina, Italy, June, I. Mohai, J. Szépvölgyi, Z. Károly, L. Gál, M. Tóth, I. Sáray: Thermal plasma vitrification of metallurgical wastes. 16 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Taormina, Italy, June, Todorovic-Markovic B., Markovic Z., Mohai I., Károly Z., Gál L., Szépvölgyi J.: Optical Emission Spectroscopy of Induction RF Plasma in Fullerene. Processing 22-nd Summer School and International Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG), ed. Hadzievski, L., Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade (2004) pp Z. Károly, L. Gál, J. Szépvölgyi: Effect of Synthesis Conditions on the Morphology of ZnO Powder Produced in RF Thermal Plasma. 17 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Toronto, Canada, 7-12 August, 2005 ID Other presentation: Szépvölgyi J., Mohai I., Károly Z., Gál L.: RF Thermal Plasma Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Zirconia. Nanotech Northern Europe Helsinki, Finland, 2007.
9 Other poster presentations: Z. Károly, J. Szépvölgyi, L. Gál, I. Mohai: Processing of silica nanopowders in RF thermal plasma reactor. 16 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Taormina, Italy, June, 2003 I. Mohai, J. Szépvölgyi, Z. Károly, L. Gál, M. Tóth, I. Sáray: Thermal plasma vitrification of metallurgical wastes. 16 th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Taormina, Italy, June, 2003 Z. Károly, L. Gál, J. Szépvölgyi: Effect of Synthesis Conditions on the Morphology of ZnO Powder Produced in RF Thermal Plasma. HUNS-2005 (MANS-2005) is a national Mobilization Workshop organized within the framework of EU FP6 NENAMAT project (EU FP6 INCO-CT ) March, 2005., Budapest, Hungary Z. Károly, L. Gál, J. Szépvölgyi: Effect of Synthesis Conditions on the Morphology of ZnO Powder Produced in RF Thermal Plasma. IX Conference & Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society, June, 2005, Portorož, Slovenia Z. Károly, L. Gál, J. Szépvölgyi: Effect of Synthesis Conditions on the Morphology of ZnO Powder Produced in RF Thermal Plasma. V. Országos Anyagtudományi, Anyagvizsgálati és Anyaginformatikai Konferencia és Kiállítás, Balatonfüred, október 9-11.
Lecture 35: Atmosphere in Furnaces
Lecture 35: Atmosphere in Furnaces Contents: Selection of atmosphere: Gases and their behavior: Prepared atmospheres Protective atmospheres applications Atmosphere volume requirements Atmosphere sensors
More informationLimiting Reagent Worksheet #1
Limiting Reagent Worksheet #1 1. Given the following reaction: (Balance the equation first!) C 3 H 8 + O 2 -------> CO 2 + H 2 O a) If you start with 14.8 g of C 3 H 8 and 3.44 g of O 2, determine the
More informationDR. MALINI K A. malinijayaram@gmail.com PHONE NO 9495220673. TEACHING INTERESTS Solid state Physics, Spectroscopy, Mechanics, Electrodynamics
NAME DESIGNATION QUALIFICATION EMAIL ID DR. MALINI K A ASST. PROFESSOR M Sc, M Phl, Ph D malinijayaram@gmail.com PHONE NO 9495220673 TEACHING INTERESTS Solid state Physics, Spectroscopy, Mechanics, Electrodynamics
More informationMagnetic Data Storage and Nanoparticles Ernie Chang
Magnetic Data Storage and Nanoparticles Ernie Chang Introduction Magnetic storage, specifically in hard drives has advanced significantly since the first disk drive built in 1956 [1]. Interestingly enough,
More informationIUCLID 5 COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT: IRON ORES, AGGLOMERATES [EINECS NUMBER 265 996 3, CAS NUMBER 65996 65 8] IRON ORE PELLETS
IUCLID 5 COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT: IRON ORES, AGGLOMERATES [EINECS NUMBER 265 996 3, CAS NUMBER 65996 65 8] IRON ORE PELLETS INTRODUCTION Each REACH registrant is required to file its
More informationInvestigation on Enhancement of Heat Transfer Using Different Type of Nanofluids Review
Review Paper Investigation on Enhancement of Heat Transfer Using Different Type of Nanofluids Review Authors 1 Ramesh Bhoi *, 2 Dinesh Dabhi, 3 Chetan Jaiswal Address for Correspondence: 1, 2 Mechanical
More informationBARIS AVAR. February 2006 July 2006: Visiting Researcher - Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Physics, Poznan, Poland
BARIS AVAR Bulent Ecevit University, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 67100 Incivez - Zonguldak/ Turkey Phone: +90 372 291 1139 Fax: +90 372 257 4023 E-Mail: barisavar@beun.edu.tr
More informationChemical Synthesis. Overview. Chemical Synthesis of Nanocrystals. Self-Assembly of Nanocrystals. Example: Cu 146 Se 73 (PPh 3 ) 30
Chemical Synthesis Spontaneous organization of molecules into stable, structurally well-defined aggregates at the nanometer length scale. Overview The 1-100 nm nanoscale length is in between traditional
More informationAsian Journal on Energy and Environment
As. J. Energy Env. 2005, 6(04), 193-201 Asian Journal on Energy and Environment ISSN 1513-4121 Available online at www.asian-energy-journal.info Synthesis,Characterization and Application of Single and
More informationDiscovery of Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production
Discovery of Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production 2003 DOE Hydrogen Review May 20th, 2003 Berkeley, CA Theodore Mill, Albert Hirschon, Michael Coggiola and Brent MacQueen (PI), Menlo Park, CA Nobi Kambe,
More informationConcepts in Syngas Manufacture
CATALYTIC SCIENCE SERIES VOL. 10 Series Editor: Graham J. Hutchings Concepts in Syngas Manufacture Jens Rostrup-Nielsen Lars J. Christiansen Haldor Topsoe A/S, Denmark Imperial College Press Contents Preface
More informationDIFFUSION IN SOLIDS. Materials often heat treated to improve properties. Atomic diffusion occurs during heat treatment
DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS WHY STUDY DIFFUSION? Materials often heat treated to improve properties Atomic diffusion occurs during heat treatment Depending on situation higher or lower diffusion rates desired
More informationHANDBOOK OF MODERN FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS
HANDBOOK OF MODERN FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS Alex Goldman, B.S., A.M., Ph.D. Ferrite Technology Worldwide w Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston/Dordrecht/London TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword by Takeshi Takei
More informationTiO 2. : Manufacture of Titanium Dioxide. www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry Registered charity number 207890
TiO 2 : Manufacture of Titanium Dioxide www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry Registered charity number 207890 5: Manufacture of titanium dioxide Titanium dioxide has many uses. It is now the common white pigment
More informationCONSOLIDATION AND HIGH STRAIN RATE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF NANOCRYSTALLINE TANTALUM POWDER
CONSOLIDATION AND HIGH STRAIN RATE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF NANOCRYSTALLINE TANTALUM POWDER Sang H. Yoo, T.S. Sudarshan, Krupa Sethuram Materials Modification Inc, 2929-P1 Eskridge Rd, Fairfax, VA, 22031
More informationMaster's Programs. Applied Chemisty. Subject
Master's Programs Applied Chemisty Optional Advanced Seminar in Materials Science and Engineering I Advanced Seminar in Materials Science and Engineering II Special Project in Materials Science and Engineering
More informationChemical Equations & Stoichiometry
Chemical Equations & Stoichiometry Chapter Goals Balance equations for simple chemical reactions. Perform stoichiometry calculations using balanced chemical equations. Understand the meaning of the term
More informationChem 1101. Highlights of last lecture. This lecture. Australian Mining Sites. A/Prof Sébastien Perrier. Metallurgy: (Extracting metal from ore)
Chem 111 A/Prof Sébastien Perrier Room: 351 Phone: 9351-3366 Email: s.perrier@chem.usyd.edu.au Unless otherwise stated, all images in this file have been reproduced from: Blackman, Bottle, Schmid, Mocerino
More informationCURRICULUM VITAE. Donghyun Shin EDUCATION: RESEARCH INTERESTS: PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
CURRICULUM VITAE EDUCATION: Donghyun Shin Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 Tel: (817) 272-9336; Email: shin@uta.edu; Fax: (817)
More informationCIRICULUM VITAE 1. PERSONAL. Date of Birth-Place : March 2 nd 1984- Balikesir, Turkey
CIRICULUM VITAE 1. PERSONAL Name, Title : Derya ATAÇ, M.Sc. Date of Birth-Place : March 2 nd 1984- Balikesir, Turkey Address Phone E-mail : NanoElectronics Group (NE), MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
More informationUSING OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY TO IMPROVE EQUIPMENT UPTIME FOR AN AL2O3 ALD PROCESS *
USING OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY TO IMPROVE EQUIPMENT UPTIME FOR AN AL2O3 ALD PROCESS * JOHN LOO Samsung Austin Semiconductor 12100 Samsung Blvd. Austin, Texas 78754 * Presented at the AVS 5 th International
More informationCHEMICAL REACTIONS AND REACTING MASSES AND VOLUMES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND REACTING MASSES AND VOLUMES The meaning of stoichiometric coefficients: 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2 H 2 O(l) number of reacting particles 2 molecules of hydrogen react with 1 molecule
More informationChem 1A Exam 2 Review Problems
Chem 1A Exam 2 Review Problems 1. At 0.967 atm, the height of mercury in a barometer is 0.735 m. If the mercury were replaced with water, what height of water (in meters) would be supported at this pressure?
More informationBalancing chemical reaction equations (stoichiometry)
Balancing chemical reaction equations (stoichiometry) This worksheet and all related files are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, version 1.0. To view a copy of this license, visit
More informationPhase Characterization of TiO 2 Powder by XRD and TEM
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 42 : 357-361 (28) Phase Characterization of TiO 2 Powder by XRD and TEM Kheamrutai Thamaphat 1 *, Pichet Limsuwan 1 and Boonlaer Ngotawornchai 2 ABSTRACT In this study, the commercial
More informationIndiana's Academic Standards 2010 ICP Indiana's Academic Standards 2016 ICP. map) that describe the relationship acceleration, velocity and distance.
.1.1 Measure the motion of objects to understand.1.1 Develop graphical, the relationships among distance, velocity and mathematical, and pictorial acceleration. Develop deeper understanding through representations
More informationCHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING
CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING Essential Standard: STUDENTS WILL UNDERSTAND THAT THE PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ARE A CONSEQUENCE OF THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER,
More informationNovel inkjettable copper ink utilizing processing temperatures under 100 degrees C without the need of inert atmosphere
Novel inkjettable copper ink utilizing processing temperatures under 100 degrees C without the need of inert atmosphere Printed Electronics Europe April 7-8, 2009 Dresden, Germany Dr. Zvi Yaniv Applied
More informationTHREE MAIN SOLIDIFICATION REACTIONS OF VANADIUM MODIFIED T1 TUNGSTEN HIGH SPEED TOOL STEEL. Hossam Halfa
THREE MAIN SOLIDIFICATION REACTIONS OF VANADIUM MODIFIED T1 TUNGSTEN HIGH SPEED TOOL STEEL Hossam Halfa Steel Technology Department, Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI), Helwan, Egypt, hossamhalfa@cmrdi.sci.eg;
More informationFEATURES AND BENEFITS OF DIFFERENT PLATINUM ALLOYS. Kris Vaithinathan and Richard Lanam Engelhard Corporation
FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF DIFFERENT PLATINUM ALLOYS Kris Vaithinathan and Richard Lanam Engelhard Corporation Introduction There has been a significant increase in the world wide use of platinum for jewelry
More informationLecture 19: Eutectoid Transformation in Steels: a typical case of Cellular
Lecture 19: Eutectoid Transformation in Steels: a typical case of Cellular Precipitation Today s topics Understanding of Cellular transformation (or precipitation): when applied to phase transformation
More informationPhD. Thesis. New types of heterogeneous palladium loaded catalysts (Synthesis and application) Attila Papp. Supervisor: Dr.
PhD. Thesis New types of heterogeneous palladium loaded catalysts (Synthesis and application) Attila Papp Supervisor: Dr. Árpád Molnár University of Szeged Department of Organic Chemistry Szeged 2010.
More informationBIOACTIVE COATINGS ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL IMPLANTS
Trends Biomater. Artif. Organs. Vol. 17(2) pp 43-47 (2004) http//www.sbaoi.org BIOACTIVE COATINGS ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL IMPLANTS N. Ramesh Babu*,+, Sushant Manwatkar*, K. Prasada Rao* and T. S. Sampath
More informationHeat-stable pigments. For surface coatings
Heat-stable pigments For surface coatings 2 Iron oxide pigments with improved temperature resistance for surface coating applications The pigments of the Colortherm and Bayferrox T ranges have been specially
More informationSolidification, Crystallization & Glass Transition
Solidification, Crystallization & Glass Transition Cooling the Melt solidification Crystallization versus Formation of Glass Parameters related to the formaton of glass Effect of cooling rate Glass transition
More informationControlling Gold Nanoparticles with Atomic Precision: Synthesis and Structure Determination
Controlling Gold Nanoparticles with Atomic Precision: Synthesis and Structure Determination Huifeng Qian Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, USA Advisor: Prof. Rongchao Jin Background
More informationNanoparticle Deposition on Packaging Materials by the Liquid Flame Spray
Nanoparticle Deposition on Packaging Materials by the Liquid Flame Spray Hannu Teisala a, Mikko Tuominen a, Mikko Aromaa b, Jyrki M. Mäkelä b, Milena Stepien c, Jarkko J. Saarinen c, Martti Toivakka c
More informationRAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED COPPER ALLOYS RIBBONS
Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia AMES Scientific paper UDC:669.35-153.881-412.2=20 RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED COPPER ALLOYS RIBBONS M. ŠULER 1, L. KOSEC 1, A. C. KNEISSL 2, M. BIZJAK 1, K. RAIĆ
More informationElectrophoretic Gold Nanoparticles Depostion On Carbon Nanotubes For NO 2 Sensors
European Network on New Sensing Technologies for Air Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability - EuNetAir COST Action TD1105 2 nd International Workshop EuNetAir on New Sensing Technologies for
More informationIntroduction to Chemistry. Course Description
CHM 1025 & CHM 1025L Introduction to Chemistry Course Description CHM 1025 Introduction to Chemistry (3) P CHM 1025L Introduction to Chemistry Laboratory (1) P This introductory course is intended to introduce
More informationWEEKLY COURSE SCHEDULE : PRIMARY EDUCATION
WEEKLY COURSE SCHEDULE : PRIMARY EDUCATION Semester 1 Week 1 ( 19.09.2011-23.09.2011 ) Introduction to sol-gel processes Properties of X-Rays General Explanations on Process Planning Introduction Semester
More informationSurface Parameters of Stannic Oxide in Powder, Ceramic and Gel Forms by Nitrogen Adsorption Techniques l
PHYSICAL SCIENCES 137 Surface Parameters of Stannic Oxide in Powder, Ceramic and Gel Forms by Nitrogen Adsorption Techniques l JAMES L. RUTLEDGE, Department of Physics OIdahoma State University, StlUwater
More informationCHAPTER 2 EXPERIMENTAL. g/mol, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. 2.1.2 Magnesium acetate tetrahydrate (C 4 H 6 MgO. 4 4H 2 O), assay 99.0%,
CHAPTER 2 EXPERIMENTAL 2.1 Chemicals and Equipments 2.1.1 Zinc naphthenate (2(C 11 H 7 O 2 ). Zn), assay
More informationSTATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY CANTON, NEW YORK COURSE OUTLINE CHEM 150 - COLLEGE CHEMISTRY I
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY CANTON, NEW YORK COURSE OUTLINE CHEM 150 - COLLEGE CHEMISTRY I PREPARED BY: NICOLE HELDT SCHOOL OF SCIENCE, HEALTH, AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIES SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
More informationThermodynamic database of the phase diagrams in copper base alloy systems
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 66 (2005) 256 260 www.elsevier.com/locate/jpcs Thermodynamic database of the phase diagrams in copper base alloy systems C.P. Wang a, X.J. Liu b, M. Jiang b,
More informationHonors Chemistry: Unit 6 Test Stoichiometry PRACTICE TEST ANSWER KEY Page 1. A chemical equation. (C-4.4)
Honors Chemistry: Unit 6 Test Stoichiometry PRACTICE TEST ANSWER KEY Page 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Question What is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction? What 3 things (values) is a mole of a chemical
More informationPotassium Aluminium Silicate (Mica) Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA) Prepared by Daniel E. Folmer, Ph.D., and reviewed by Madduri V. Rao, Ph.D.
Potassium Aluminium Silicate (Mica) Chemical and Technical Assessment (CTA) Prepared by Daniel E. Folmer, Ph.D., and reviewed by Madduri V. Rao, Ph.D. 1. Summary Potassium aluminium silicate (PAS) was
More informationALD Atomic Layer Deposition
Research - Services ALD Atomic Layer Deposition Atomic Layer Deposition is a deposition process for assembling of thin films on the nanometer scale. The self-limiting deposition of atomic monolayers occurs
More informationexperiment5 Understanding and applying the concept of limiting reagents. Learning how to perform a vacuum filtration.
81 experiment5 LECTURE AND LAB SKILLS EMPHASIZED Synthesizing an organic substance. Understanding and applying the concept of limiting reagents. Determining percent yield. Learning how to perform a vacuum
More informationConcept 1. The meaning and usefulness of the mole. The mole (or mol) represents a certain number of objects.
Chapter 3. Stoichiometry: Mole-Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions Concept 1. The meaning and usefulness of the mole The mole (or mol) represents a certain number of objects. SI def.: the amount of
More informationChapter 1: Moles and equations. Learning outcomes. you should be able to:
Chapter 1: Moles and equations 1 Learning outcomes you should be able to: define and use the terms: relative atomic mass, isotopic mass and formula mass based on the 12 C scale perform calculations, including
More informationDevelopment of large-scale H 2 storage and transportation technology with Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC)
Development of large-scale storage and transportation technology with Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) Yoshimi Okada 1, Mitsunori Shimura 2 Principal researcher, Technology Development Unit, Chiyoda
More informationForensic Science Standards and Benchmarks
Forensic Science Standards and Standard 1: Understands and applies principles of scientific inquiry Power : Identifies questions and concepts that guide science investigations Uses technology and mathematics
More informationFrom solid fuels to substitute natural gas (SNG) using TREMP
From solid fuels to substitute natural gas (SNG) using TREMP Topsøe Recycle Energy-efficient Methanation Process Introduction Natural gas is a clean, environmentally friendly energy source and is expected
More informationPhysical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials
Physical Properties and Functionalization of Low-Dimensional Materials Physics Department, University of Trieste Graduate School of Physics, XXVI cycle Supervisor: Co-supervisor: Prof. Alessandro BARALDI
More informationChem 1100 Chapter Three Study Guide Answers Outline I. Molar Mass and Moles A. Calculations of Molar Masses
Chem 1100 Chapter Three Study Guide Answers Outline I. Molar Mass and Moles A. Calculations of Molar Masses B. Calculations of moles C. Calculations of number of atoms from moles/molar masses 1. Avagadro
More informationMetal Ion + EDTA Metal EDTA Complex
Simplified Removal of Chelated Metals Sultan I. Amer, AQUACHEM INC. Metal Finishing, April 2004, Vol. 102 No. 4 Chelating agents are used in large quantities in industrial applications involving dissolved
More informationBET Surface Area Analysis of Nanoparticles
OpenStax-CNX module: m38278 1 BET Surface Area Analysis of Nanoparticles Nina Hwang Andrew R. Barron This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0
More informationBRIEF BIO-DATA. Degree University Year Remarks PhD (Physics) Indian Institute of 2008 First Technology Delhi to
BRIEF BIO-DATA Dr. RINA SINGH Scientist, Environmental Science Division CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi Mobile: +91-9999768407 Email: rinasingh.crri@nic.in, rina_it@rediffmail.com Qualifications : Degree University
More informationSynthesis and Structural Characterization of Poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)-l-polyisobutylene Amphiphilic Conetworks and Nanohybrids Therefrom
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)-l-polyisobutylene Amphiphilic Conetworks and Nanohybrids Therefrom Ph.D. Theses Péter Mezey Eötvös Loránd Science University Faculty
More informationSCH 4C1 Unit 2 Problem Set Questions taken from Frank Mustoe et all, "Chemistry 11", McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2001
SCH 4C1 Unit 2 Problem Set Questions taken from Frank Mustoe et all, "Chemistry 11", McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2001 1. A small pin contains 0.0178 mol of iron. How many atoms of iron are in the pin? 2. A sample
More informationChapter Test B. Chapter: Measurements and Calculations
Assessment Chapter Test B Chapter: Measurements and Calculations PART I In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. 1.
More informationThe mechanical properties of metal affected by heat treatment are:
Training Objective After watching this video and reviewing the printed material, the student/trainee will learn the basic concepts of the heat treating processes as they pertain to carbon and alloy steels.
More informationMoles. Moles. Moles. Moles. Balancing Eqns. Balancing. Balancing Eqns. Symbols Yields or Produces. Like a recipe:
Like a recipe: Balancing Eqns Reactants Products 2H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2H 2 O(l) coefficients subscripts Balancing Eqns Balancing Symbols (s) (l) (aq) (g) or Yields or Produces solid liquid (pure liquid)
More informationEnrolling Yourself on a Course (Self Enrolment)
Enrolling Yourself on a Course (Self Enrolment) Search for Courses in the Course Catalogue and Enrol Yourself on it/them Log in to Blackboard Learn at: http://bb.imperial.ac.uk TIP: If you forget the URL,
More informationChemistry. The student will be able to identify and apply basic safety procedures and identify basic equipment.
Chemistry UNIT I: Introduction to Chemistry The student will be able to describe what chemistry is and its scope. a. Define chemistry. b. Explain that chemistry overlaps many other areas of science. The
More informationNuclear Engineering Doctorate Programme Prospectus
Nuclear Engineering Doctorate Programme Prospectus Enhance your career opportunities through postgraduate training - undertaken in close collaboration with companies - equipping you to take up leading
More informationChapter 1 The Atomic Nature of Matter
Chapter 1 The Atomic Nature of Matter 6. Substances that cannot be decomposed into two or more simpler substances by chemical means are called a. pure substances. b. compounds. c. molecules. d. elements.
More informationCHEMISTRY. Real. Amazing. Program Goals and Learning Outcomes. Preparation for Graduate School. Requirements for the Chemistry Major (71-72 credits)
CHEMISTRY UW-PARKSIDE 2015-17 CATALOG Greenquist 344 262-595-2326 College: Natural and Health Sciences Degree and Programs Offered: Bachelor of Science Major - Chemistry Minor - Chemistry Certificate -
More informationChemical vapor deposition of novel carbon materials
Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 193±197 www.elsevier.com/locate/tsf Chemical vapor deposition of novel carbon materials L. Chow a, b, *, D. Zhou b, c, A. Hussain b, c, S. Kleckley a, K. Zollinger a, A. Schulte
More informationResearch on the Transport and Chemistry of Fission Products in Primary Circuit and Containment Conditions at VTT
Research on the Transport and Chemistry of Fission Products in Primary Circuit and Containment Conditions at VTT Nuclear 2012, Pitesti, Romania, 17.5.2012 Teemu Kärkelä 1, Jarmo Kalilainen 1, P. Rantanen
More informationPrentice Hall. Chemistry (Wilbraham) 2008, National Student Edition - South Carolina Teacher s Edition. High School. High School
Prentice Hall Chemistry (Wilbraham) 2008, National Student Edition - South Carolina Teacher s Edition High School C O R R E L A T E D T O High School C-1.1 Apply established rules for significant digits,
More informationTo measure the solubility of a salt in water over a range of temperatures and to construct a graph representing the salt solubility.
THE SOLUBILITY OF A SALT IN WATER AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES 2007, 1995, 1991 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved. Permission for academic use provided the original copyright is included. OBJECTIVE To measure
More informationWŝŽŶĞĞƌŝŶŐ > ĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞ ƐŝŶĐĞ ϭϵϳϰ WŝĐŽƐƵŶ ^he > Ρ ZͲƐĞƌŝĞƐ > ƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ ƌŝěőŝŷő ƚśğ ŐĂƉ ďğƚǁğğŷ ƌğɛğăƌđś ĂŶĚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ d, &hdhz K& d,/e &/>D /^, Z
The ALD Powerhouse Picosun Defining the future of ALD Picosun s history and background date back to the very beginning of the field of atomic layer deposition. ALD was invented in Finland in 1974 by Dr.
More informationPicosun World Forum, Espoo 9.6.2009. 35 years of ALD. Tuomo Suntola, Picosun Oy. Tuomo Suntola, Picosun Oy
35 years of ALD Conventional methods for compound film deposition Heat treatment Final crystallization Nucleation Vacuum evaporation Sputtering CVD Buildup of thin film in source controlled deposition
More informationCVD SILICON CARBIDE. CVD SILICON CARBIDE s attributes include:
CVD SILICON CARBIDE CVD SILICON CARBIDE is the ideal performance material for design engineers. It outperforms conventional forms of silicon carbide, as well as other ceramics, quartz, and metals in chemical
More informationPOLLUTED EMISSION TREATMENTS FROM INCINERATOR GASES
POLLUTED EMISSION TREATMENTS FROM INCINERATOR GASES Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie Avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu 35700 Rennes, France Tel 33 (0)2 23 23 80 02 Fax 33 (0)2 23 23 81
More informationUNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR FACULTY OF CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING INFORMATION PACKAGE / INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE STUDENTS' GUIDE 2016/2017.
UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR FACULTY OF CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING INFORMATION PACKAGE / INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE STUDENTS' GUIDE 2016/2017 Part II Information on study programmes A) General description
More informationComparison of Recent Trends in Sustainable Energy Development in Japan, U.K., Germany and France
Comparison of Recent Trends in Sustainable Energy Development in Japan, U.K., Germany and France Japan - U.S. Workshop on Sustainable Energy Future June 26, 2012 Naoya Kaneko, Fellow Center for Research
More informationGREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY. Geoffrey. Energy in the Built Environment. Solutions for Sustainability and. B. Smith Claes G. Granqvist.
GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY Solutions for Sustainability and Energy in the Built Environment Geoffrey B. Smith Claes G. Granqvist CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London NewYork CRC Press is an imprint
More informationHow do single crystals differ from polycrystalline samples? Why would one go to the effort of growing a single crystal?
Crystal Growth How do single crystals differ from polycrystalline samples? Single crystal specimens maintain translational symmetry over macroscopic distances (crystal dimensions are typically 0.1 mm 10
More informationAMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION
AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION Urea (NH 2 CONH 2 ) is of great importance to the agriculture industry as a nitrogen-rich fertiliser. In Kapuni, Petrochem manufacture ammonia and then convert the majority
More informationFaculty of Engineering and Architecture MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IKCU- MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Materials Science and Engineering Department established in 2012 and ve the program has started taking its first students at the
More informationCHAPTER 5: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
CHAPTER 5: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES and Magnetic Materials ISSUES TO ADDRESS... Why do we study magnetic properties? What is magnetism? How do we measure magnetic properties? What are the atomic reasons for
More informationOLIVÉR BÁNHIDI 1. Introduction
Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 39, No. 1 (2014), pp. 5 13. DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIMONY- AND STRONTIUM- CONTENT OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOM EMISSION SPECTROMETRY
More informationFACTORS AFFECTING THE REDUCIBILITY OF SINTERED CHROMITE PELLETS AND CHROMITE LUMPY ORE
FACTORS AFFECTING THE REDUCIBILITY OF SINTERED CHROMITE PELLETS AND CHROMITE LUMPY ORE T. Lintumaa, H. Krogerus and P. Jokinen 1 Outokumpu Technology, Research Center, Pori, Outokumpu Research Oy Kuparitie
More informationEtudes in situ et ex situ de multicouches C/FePt
Etudes in situ et ex situ de multicouches C/FePt : influence de la température sur la structure et les propriétés s magnétiques D. Babonneau, G. Abadias, F. Pailloux Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux
More informationAdvanced Metallurgical Modelling of Ni-Cu Smelting at Xstrata Nickel Sudbury Smelter
Advanced Metallurgical Modelling of Ni-Cu Smelting at Xstrata Nickel Sudbury Smelter N. Tripathi, P. Coursol and P. Mackey Xstrata Process Support M. Kreuhand and D. Tisdale M. Kreuh and D. Tisdale Xstrata
More informationTHE OPTIMISATION OF BIOMASS COMBUSTION IN SMALL BOILERS
The optimisation of biomass INFRASTRUKTURA I EKOLOGIA TERENÓW WIEJSKICH INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOLOGY OF RURAL AREAS Nr 6/28, POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK, Oddział w Krakowie, s. 63 69 Komisja Technicznej Infrastruktury
More informationNANOCOMPOSIX'S GUIDE TO ICP-MS MEASUREMENT
NANOCOMPOSIX'S GUIDE TO ICP-MS MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS SEPTEMBER 2012, V 1.1 4878 RONSON CT STE K SAN DIEGO, CA 92111 858-565 - 4227 NANOCOMPOSIX.COM Note to the Reader: We at nanocomposix have published
More informationIdentity, grouping and characterisation of silver based biocidal active substances including nano-silver
Identity, grouping and characterisation of silver based biocidal active substances including nano-silver Ulrike Frank Swedish Chemical Agency February 2012 Identity, grouping and characterisation of silver
More informationKS3 Science: Chemistry Contents
summary KS3 Science MyWorks Guide Chemistry KS3 Science: Chemistry Mini zes: 40 Super zes: 5 Extension zes: 4 Skills zes: 6 TOTAL 54 What are MyWorks zes? MyWorks zes are short individual learning tasks
More informationMODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENERGY AND MATERIAL RECOVERY FROM WASTE. Tomáš Rohal, Business Development CEEI 10-Oct-2013
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENERGY AND MATERIAL RECOVERY FROM WASTE Tomáš Rohal, Business Development CEEI 10-Oct-2013 1 Who We Are Central Europe Engineering & Investment (CEEI) offers the state-of-the-art
More informationMk- Ckh vkj vecksmdj jk"vªh; izks ksfxdh lalfkku] tkyu/kj &144011 Dr B R AMBEDKAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, JALANDHAR - 144011
Mk- Ckh vkj vecksmdj jk"vªh; izks ksfxdh lalfkku] tkyu/kj &144011 Dr B R AMBEDKAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, JALANDHAR - 144011 Admission to Ph D Programmes 2013-2014 (Starting from January-2014)
More informationCoating Technology: Evaporation Vs Sputtering
Satisloh Italy S.r.l. Coating Technology: Evaporation Vs Sputtering Gianni Monaco, PhD R&D project manager, Satisloh Italy 04.04.2016 V1 The aim of this document is to provide basic technical information
More informationNano-Titanium Dioxide in Sunscreens. Gerald Renner, Colipa
Nano-Titanium Dioxide in Sunscreens Gerald Renner, Colipa Cosmetic Use of Nanomaterials In 2008, a survey of nanomaterials sold in EU cosmetic products amongst member companies of Colipa and national trade
More informationNumerical analysis of size reduction of municipal solid waste particles on the traveling grate of a waste-to-energy combustion chamber
Numerical analysis of size reduction of municipal solid waste particles on the traveling grate of a waste-to-energy combustion chamber Masato Nakamura, Marco J. Castaldi, and Nickolas J. Themelis Earth
More informationCOURSE TITLE COURSE DESCRIPTION
COURSE TITLE COURSE DESCRIPTION CH-00X CHEMISTRY EXIT INTERVIEW All graduating students are required to meet with their department chairperson/program director to finalize requirements for degree completion.
More informationShort Communication Energy Recovery from Waste of Printed Circuit Boards in Plasmatron Plasma Reactor
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 23, No. 1 (2014), 277-281 Short Communication Energy Recovery from Waste of Printed Circuit Boards in Plasmatron Plasma Reactor Jakub Szałatkiewicz* Industrial Research Institute
More informationThesises of the PhD dissertation. György János Kovács. Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest Faculty of Science Physics doctoral school
Structure and Properties of CN x -Ni nanocomposite thin films Thesises of the PhD dissertation György János Kovács Doctoral school: Head of doctoral school: Doctoral program: Doktori program vezetıje:
More information