Table 1. Non-favored and Favored plants. Table 2. Insecticides for control of adult Japanese beetles

Transcription

1

2 Japanese Beetle Management for Homeowners The Japanese Beetle The Japanese beetle (Popilla japonica) is an exotic pest that originated in northern Japan, an area with a climate very similar to Minnesota Grubs live in the soil and feed on grass roots Adult beetles feed on leaves and flowers of more than 300 landscape plants and crops For help in identifying this pest, consult Japanese beetle Management in Minnesota available from the extension service More information can be found on the Minnesota Extension Service website at www extension umn edu/ or MDA web site at www mda state mn us Japanese Beetle Program Telephone Number

3 FOR BEST CONTROL STRATEGIES It is best to use multiple strategies to manage pests For best results, combine several of the Japanese beetle management options listed below Adult Beetle Management Option 1: Cultural Control Hand Picking Hand picking and destroying beetles as soon as they arrive (usually mid-july) eliminates scout beetles that attract additional beetles Hold a jar of soapy water under the beetles and knock them into the jar to drown Use a teaspoon of laundry detergent to 1 quart of water for best results Option 2: Habitat Manipulation Japanese beetles are not fussy eaters but you will notice that they have some preferences (Table 1) To completely protect a favorite plant, cover it with netting when the adults are active from July to August Female beetles prefer to lay eggs in turf growing in moist, high organic soils To discourage egg laying, maintain lawns in a slightly dryer condition than normal during the July - August egg laying period Some native birds and toads will eat the beetles Encourage them to stay in your yard Table 1. Non-favored and Favored plants NON-FAVORED PLANTS FAVORED PLANTS Red Maple Norway Maple Boxwood Apple, Crabapple Hickory Virginia Creeper Dogwood Plum, Apricot, Cherry Burning-bush Pin Oak Forsythia American Mountain-ash Ash Linden Juniper Hollyhock Spruce Soybean Pine Rose Northern Red Oak Grape Lilac Sweet corn Yew American Elm Arborvitae Gray Birch Option 3: Chemical Control Insecticide Spraying Adults can be killed or repelled by spraying them or the plants they feed on with insecticides Spraying is a temporary solution as Japanese beetles are strong fliers and will likely move in as the insecticide breaks down Photo taken from the library of MDA -Tree attacked by adult Japanese beetles Table 2. Insecticides for control of adult Japanese beetles CHEMICAL TRADE CLASS COMMENT AND CAUTIONS NAME NAME azadirachtin various botanical insecticide Apply when below 90 F Do not store diluted solution for later use Do not use with adjuvants bifenthrin Talstar pyrethroid Highly toxic to honeybees, birds, fish Do not use within 100 yards of water carbaryl various carbamate Highly toxic to bees, earthworms; moderately toxic to birds and fish Do not use adjacent to water cyfluthrin Tempo pyrethroid Highly toxic to birds, fish Do not use adjacent to water deltamethrin DeltaGard pyrethroid Highly toxic to birds, fish Do not use adjacent to water malathion Malathion organophosphate Highly toxic to honeybees Odor may be a problem in public places permethrin Astro pyrethroid Highly toxic to fish For home lawns only

4 Grub Management You may or may not notice damage to your lawn from grub feeding Grub populations need to be about 15 grubs per square foot before patches of dead, loose grass appear If there are dead patches of turf AND the turf peels up easily AND white grubs are found under the turf, chemical treatment of the affected areas may be necessary Option 1: Biorational Pesticide The Environmental Protection Agency considers biorational pesticides to have different modes of action than conventional pesticides, with greater selectivity and lower risks to humans, wildlife and the environment Photo taken from the library of MDA -Lawn damage due to Japanese beetle grubs Biorational pesticides are derived from a number of biological sources, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa, as well as chemical analogues of naturally occurring biochemicals such as pheromones and insect growth regulators (IGRs) These products are considered third-generation pesticides that are environmentally sound and closely resemble or are identical to chemicals produced by insects and plants Table 3. Biorational treatments CHEMICAL NAME TRADE NAME CLASS COMMENT AND CAUTIONS Azadirachtin Neem botanical insecticide Apply when below 90 F Do not store diluted material for later use Do not use with adjuvants Beauveria bassia various fungal insecticide Use immediately after mixing, do not mix with fungicides Halofenozide Mach 2, GrubEX diacythydrazine Low toxicity to birds, fish Insect growth regulator Water shortly after application Nematodes various biological control Water lawn before and after application Option 2: Chemical Control Japanese beetle grubs are best controlled when they are small and actively feeding near the soil surface, usually in late July through August The key to good control is to evenly apply the insecticide, then water Table 4. Chemical treatments CHEMICAL NAME TRADE NAME CLASS COMMENT AND CAUTIONS carbaryl various carbamate Highly toxic to bees, earthworms moderately toxic to birds, fish diazinon Diazinon organophosphate Highly toxic to birds, fish lambda-cyhalothrin Scimitar, Battle pyrethroid Highly toxic to fish permethrin Astro pyrethroid Highly toxic to birds, fish trichlorfon Dylox organophosphate Highly toxic to birds, fish imidacloprid Merit chloronicotimyl Low toxicity to birds, fish Do not use after August 15 Water immediately after applying

5 Option 3: Biological Control Entomopathogenic Nematodes Nematodes that parasitize insects have recently become commercially available Preparations containing Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Cruiser) appear to be most effective Timing is important Nematodes need to be applied when the grubs are in the second instar (mid-august to mid-september) 1 Nematodes are best applied in the evening or on a rainy day 2 If it isn t raining, water the lawn before and after applying the nematodes 3 A new spray tank that has never been used for other chemical applications must be used when applying biological control agents For information on nematodes and where to purchase them, see the following website: ianr unl edu/ ianr/plntpath/nematode/wormhome/htm Experimental Biological Control Additional Parasites Although these parasites are not commercially available, efforts are being made to introduce them into the state Tiphia vernalis is a parasitic wasp that attacks the grub Istocheta aldrichi is a fly that attacks the adults Ovavesicula popilliae is a protozoan that infects beetle internal organs Gregarinidae are microsporidean parasites in the body of the grub Management Options Timeline Photo taken from the Turfgrass Insects of the United States and Canada,adapted from Fleming, 1972, Fig 7 -Lifecycle of the Japanese Beetle Other Useful Contacts for More Information For more Nematode information... barc usda gov/psi/nem/what-nem/htm nysaes cornell edu/ent/biocontrol/pathogens/nematodes/html oardc ohio-state edu/nematodes/ For more Nematode information... pueblo gsa gov/cic _ text/housing/japanese-beetle/jbeetle hdb oardc ohio-state edu/biocontrol extension umn edu/distribution/horticulture/dg7664 html Photo taken from the library of MDA -Rose attacked by Japanese beetles The information given in this brochure is for reference only and may not be comprehensive No discrimination is intended and no endorsement by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture is implied for chemicals mentioned Read the pesticide label and follow the instructions as a final authority on pesticide use In accordance with the Americans With Disabilities Act, an alternative form of communication is available upon request, TTY EOE