CUSTOMER SAP Cloud for Analytics User Guide User Guide

Transcription

1 SAP Cloud for Analytics CUSTOMER User Guide

2 Content 1 Welcome to SAP Cloud for Analytics! User Assistance Additional Help Resources Home Creating a Note Working with Tiles and Notes Changing Tile Settings Modeler Explore Models Analyzing Account Data Planning Models and Analytics Models Business Organization Currency Tables Explore Hierarchies Design Options: Model Preferences Explore Dimensions Explore Formulas Creating Models Creating Models Using the Planning Wizard Data Access Creating Dimensions Editing Dimensions Editing Dimension Attributes Clearing Model Data Deleting a Model Data Import Connecting to Google Drive About Importing a Model from a File About Importing Data from Files About Importing Data from Other Systems Creating a Model from HANA Creating a Model from a Remote System Data Export Creating Points of Interest Creating Point of Interest Data from an Esri Shapefile SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Content

3 Creating Point of Interest Data from a Model Reports Reports Management Editing or Deleting Reports Searching for Reports The Designer Panel Formatting in the Designer Panel Choosing a Layout Getting Started with Reports Creating a Simple Report View Point of View Report Sheets Adding Attributes to a Report Sheet About Filters in Report Sheets Filtering Dimension Members in a Report Sheet Setting a Top N Filter Report Preferences Menu Summaries Views...72 About View Preferences About Ask for Input Converting a View to a Summary The Create Input Task Feature Creating an Input Task Accepting an Input Task Completing an Input Task (Assignee) Completing an Input Task (Approver) Explore Version Management Creating Versions Publishing Versions Sharing Versions The Grid Formula Bar Advanced Formulas Report Formulas Explore Linking Models Linking Models Collaboration for Reports Visualize Explore Visualizations Visualizations and Stories Explore Gallery Content 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 3

4 4.14 Details Panel Explore KPIs...97 Defining the KPI Threshold Workflow The KPI Visualizer Changing the KPI Scope Editing Options for KPIs KPI Preview Allocations Allocation Models Allocations Role and Permissions Spreading and Distribution Spreading a Value Example: Spreading a Value Distributing a Value Example: Distributing a Value to Unbooked Cells Structured Allocations Creating Pools for Structured Allocation Allocation Processes, Steps, and Rules Executing an Allocation Process Stories Story Management Listing Stories Select a Story to Manage Create a New Story Edit a Story Copy a Story Share a Story Working with a Story Story Preferences Explore Your Data Add Tiles to a Canvas Linked Dimensions Story and Page Filters Designer Panel Create a Chart Dynamic Table (Beta) Analyzing Geographical Data Collaboration for Stories Exporting to PDF Files SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Content

5 7.1 Uploading and Publishing Files Sharing a File Assigning Permissions Managing Files Collaboration Explore the Collaboration Process What's in a Discussion Events Creating Events Creating Tasks Monitoring Plans Explore Reminders Collaboration for Events and Tasks Exporting and Importing Calendar Events Exporting Events Importing Events Users About Authorizations Dependencies between Roles, Users, and Authorizations User Administration Tools Standard Application Roles Authorization Levels Authorizations on Activity Level Authorizations on Data Authorizations on Resources Creating Business Users Importing Users Exporting Users Creating Roles Requesting Roles About the User Profile Creating a New Password Explore Auditing Data Audit Activity Auditing Deployment Explore Export Creating an Export Export Unit Details Content 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 5

6 Units Management Explore Import Creating an Import Import Unit Details Connections Creating a BPC Connection Creating an SFDC Connection Scheduling an Import Remote System Connectivity Remote Connectivity via External Reverse Proxy System Usage Dashboard What Is This Icon? FAQ Glossary SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Content

7 1 Welcome to SAP Cloud for Analytics! SAP Cloud for Analytics is a completely new analytics experience that provides all capabilities for all users in one product. Benefits With SAP Cloud for Analytics you can: Simplify your job with the ability to discover, visualize, plan, and predict all your business data all in one product. Experience seamless workflows to find insights and take actions at the point of decision in your application. Collaborate directly on your data and visualizations with colleagues to respond to new business challenges and opportunities without delay. Trust it will work how and when you expect because it s built natively on the SAP HANA Cloud Platform. User Interface and Assistance SAP Cloud for Analytics is designed for ease-of-use with an interface that is intuitive and easy to work with. Familiar recognizable icons are used and on-screen text and messages provide helpful information to guide you through the application. Detailed user assistance is available directly in the application. Page Tips provide explanatory descriptions to help you familiarize yourself with the application and discover features. Help provides more detailed information topics and step-by-step instructions on how to accomplish your tasks. For more information, see User Assistance [page 8]. Preview To give a quick preview of this integrated and dynamic working environment, the following figure shows a typical scenario working on a profit and loss report. The visualizations, the collaboration features, and the data sheet are all embedded in a single screen. Welcome to SAP Cloud for Analytics! 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 7

8 1.1 User Assistance User assistance is an integral part of the SAP Cloud for Analytics application. Two forms of context-sensitive assistance are available by choosing (Help) from the main toolbar: Page Tips and Help. Page Tips When you use the application for the first time, you may find it helpful to turn on Page Tips. When Page Tips are active, popup balloons with short explanations are displayed when you point at certain features in the application. Example Turn on Page Tips by choosing Page Tips from the main toolbar. Now hover over items on the Main menu. As you move down the list of menu items, a short explanation is displayed. Turn off this feature by selecting Page Tips again SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Welcome to SAP Cloud for Analytics!

9 Help More detailed help information is available by opening the Help window. In the Help window, you can find specific help topics by: Searching for terms using the search field. Using the Help breadcrumb trail at the top of the Help window to browse all topics. Activating the context-sensitive help mode choosing (Smart Help). When this mode is active, the Help window updates automatically and displays the topic for the feature you point at with your mouse. Example Open the Help window by choosing Help from the main toolbar and then choose (Smart Help) this icon changes color to blue to show that it is active. Now hover over items on the Main menu. As you move down the list of menu items, the content of the Help window changes. Turn off context-sensitive mode by selecting (Smart Help) again. 1.2 Additional Help Resources In addition to this User Guide, further support information is available. Table 1: Resource Release Notes Instructional Videos Description Information on new features and other changes introduced in past updates. Training videos to help you get started with SAP Cloud for Analytics. Welcome to SAP Cloud for Analytics! 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 9

10 2 Home Your Home screen is the place where you can pin reports, stories, and visualizations, as tiles. You can also add personal notes and upcoming events there. When you first start SAP Cloud for Analytics, the Home screen displays quick-launch shortcuts that can help you get started working on your analytics tasks right away. For example, you can: Drag an Excel file onto the Home screen to import the data. Launch the Financial Planning Wizard to create plans on the fly. Start the Explorer, where you can begin analyzing data and creating visualizations. When you drag an Excel file onto the Home screen, you can choose between I'm Feeling Lucky, and Prepare Dataset. Choosing I'm Feeling Lucky creates a new story and displays your data in the Explorer. Here, you see your data and create visualizations through faceted interaction. Choosing Prepare Dataset creates a new story and displays your data in a grid. Here, you can perform data integration and preparation. Your Home screen is private and you cannot share it with other users or add it to discussions. This also applies to the notes and tiles you pin there. For more information on tasks you can perform on the Home screen, see the table below. Table 2: Task More Information Explore your data Explore Your Data [page 123] Create a note Creating a Note [page 10] Edit or delete notes and tiles Working with Tiles and Notes [page 11] Apply a Point of View Use Point of View [page 67] to view and alter the filters applied to tiles. 2.1 Creating a Note You can create a text-based visual object, known as a note, to add to your Home screen.. 1. Select the wrench icon, and then choose the New Note option. 2. Enter a title for the note and the text for the note. 3. Save your settings SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Home

11 2.2 Working with Tiles and Notes You use the Tile Settings options to manage tiles and notes. You can use the tile settings to do the following: Table 3: Task More Information Edit a tile Changing Tile Settings [page 11] Delete a tile View the tile in Full Screen mode Choose the Delete option to remove a tile from the Home screen. Choose the Full Screen icon to enter presentation mode. In this mode, choose the Gallery Mode icon in the bottom right corner to move between full screen versions of all the tiles and notes on your Home screen. Choose the Exit Full Screen icon to return. If a tile contains a chart, it will also include a filter option, which allows you to apply filters to the underlying data. Choose the icon to access the Set Filters dialog, in which you can adapt the applied filters. The chart in the tile will adapt depending on the filter changes, for example paging through different versions or accounts may become available. You can also view and set filters using the Point of View option on the Home settings menu. Related Information Adding Reference Lines [page 93] Point of View [page 67] Changing Tile Settings Use the Tile Settings options (accessed from the wrench icon) to make changes to the contents of a tile and change visualizations. You can alter the title and the subtitle of a tile. If the tile is a note, you can also edit the note text. If the tile is based on a report or visualization, you can open the report by selecting the Go to option. If the tile contains a visualization of the appropriate type, you can add a reference line to the visualization using the Add Reference Line option. For more information, see Adding Reference Lines [page 93]. Home 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 11

12 3 Modeler A model is a representation of the business data of an organization or business segment. Models are required in SAP Cloud for Analytics as the basis for reports. Use Modeler to create, maintain, and to load data to models. A model is based on a single account but also includes one or more dimensions that are then used in reports to analyze the account data these might include, for example, a breakdown of the data by time, products, regions, or other categories. You should plan the requirements for a model and the reports that are generated from it carefully in advance. When the model design is complete and you save the model for the first time an initial report is automatically generated. Some of the basic features of the model are permanently fixed at this time and cannot be modified later. Data is maintained in a hierarchical structure so that in reports, high-level views of the data can be examined in more detail using drill-down features. Data is not visible in the model but the data is imported and refreshed using the Data Integration features of modeling. Several options are available to support this, ranging from manual data entry to scheduled updates from external systems such as SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC). The data integration features can also be used to import a complete model from other systems, and an additional option for creating a model on-the-fly is to use the Planning Wizard which is available on the Home screen when the product is first launched and also as part of the Dynamic Tables feature within Stories. This Modeler section starts by describing the key features of models and then goes on to give details of the tasks involved in model design and data integration. The following illustration of the Modeler list screen gives an overview of some of the main functional areas numbered Models Existing models are listed here. You can open a model by clicking the link text or by selecting one or more models using the checkboxes. 2. Dimensions The individual dimensions that are used in models are saved independently and listed on a separate tab page. 3. Currency Conversion For reports where multiple currencies are used, exchange rates are maintained in tables. These are saved independently of any model and are listed on a separate tab page. 4. Points of Interest Data for locations which are displayed and used in your data analysis is maintained here in Modeler. 5. Toolbar Common operations for managing reports are available from the toolbar, this includes options to Delete a model and to Clear (remove all data) from a model SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

13 6. Import / export data The list of data import options that are supported is available from a menu beneath the Data import icon on the toolbar. 7. Data Resources You can set up permanent scheduled links to the model from external data sources so that data can be refreshed on a scheduled basis. These features and other modeler functionality are described in detail in the subsections that follow. In Modeler, you can perform the following tasks: Table 4: Task More Information Create new models See Creating Models [page 34]. Add dimensions Maintain currency conversion tables Set the model preferences Populate models with actual data Delete and clear data from models When designing your model, add dimensions either by selecting an existing dimension or creating a new one. See Creating Dimensions [page 37]. To handle multiple currencies, you must set up currency conversion tables to define the exchange rates for any currencies used in the reports. See Business Organization [page 15]. Configure the security, data auditing, and currency conversion settings for a model. See Design Options: Model Preferences [page 18]. You can load data to models by copying and pasting from spreadsheets or importing data from files or other systems. See Data Import [page 40]. See Clearing Model Data [page 39] and Deleting a Model [page 39]. 3.1 Explore Models Key features of Models include the account and the dimensions which are used in reporting to analyze the account data, hierarchies, currencies, and formulas. In the following set of topics we give an introduction to the main features of models and show the effect of these features on the reports, charts, documents, and stories which are generated from the model Analyzing Account Data A model is based on a single account that may contain financial or any other business data. With the reports that are created from the model, you can analyze the account data on the basis of the dimensions defined in the model. Example Profit and Loss Report The following example shows a model that is used to generate a Profit and Loss report; it has dimensions for time periods, geographical region, and product. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 13

14 In the initial report that is generated from the model, the account members are listed in the first column of the report. The dimensions defined in the model are available in the Designer panel on the left, and you can drag these in and out of the report grid to show different views of the data all within the same report. Data in the model is organized by hierarchical parent-child relationships so that, in reports, users can see highlevel accumulations and optionally drill down to more detailed levels of data. In the example Profit and Loss report, the members of the account are shown rolled up, but they can be expanded by clicking the arrow on each line. You can display the complete hierarchy for any dimension in Modeler by using the Preview feature, which shows the position of all members or lines in the dimension Planning Models and Analytics Models SAP Cloud for Analytics offers two types of model: fully featured planning models or simpler more flexible analytics models. In order to support and streamline the planning process, models in SAP Cloud for Analytics are prepared with many off-the-shelf features to give you a quick start in the planning process. A planning model, for example, is preconfigured with: Categories for budgets, plans, and forecasts Default time periods that you can quickly adjust to suit your data Auditing features for traceability Security features that make it possible for you to restrict access to specific values in the report to named individuals A simpler type of general-purpose model is also available that offers fewer preconfigured features but more flexibility; this is the Analytics model SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

15 The model type is determined in the first step of creating a model, using the Enable Planning checkbox. Some essential differences between the planning model (1) and the analytics model (2) are shown in the following illustration. Analytics models are not preconfigured with categories (for budget and forecast data) and, although by default a Time dimension is available, it is not required and you can remove this from the model during the design stage. Related Information Explore Version Management [page 81] About Ask for Input [page 75] About Importing Data from BPC [page 53] About Importing a Model from a File [page 42] Creating Models [page 34] Explore Dimensions [page 20] Business Organization The organizational structure that applies to the account can be defined as a special (organizational) dimension in the model. For more complex and international business models currency conversion features are also available in this dimension as well as a geolocation ID. Organization Dimension Each planning model may include a single organizational dimension that describes the structure of the business and offers extra features for currencies and determining geographic locations. You can use this, for example, to Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 15

16 give a regional breakdown of sales activity for each product. Only one organizational dimension is allowed in each model but additional hierarchies can be added to any model dimension, if needed, as shown in the following example: Currencies If members of the organization dimension use different currencies, enter the currency code for each member in the currency column. In this case, you must also specify the conversion table to use in the preference settings for the model. Currency conversion tables are defined independently of models; they are listed on a separate Modeler tab page when you first select Modeler from the main menu. In reports, you can select a reporting currency. Monetary values are then converted and displayed according to the currently effective rate for the currency you selected. Geolocation (Area ID) In the organizational hierarchy any place names in the data are automatically matched to known place names in the database and the value is entered in the AreaID column. If a location name is not recognized automatically you can do manual searching and matching of the imported data using the Search feature which is available on all cells in this column (magnifying glass icon). Using this feature you can identify, for example, countries, states or sales regions, locations are maintained in Modeler in the Points of Interest modeler tab page. To use this feature, enable the Use Area ID checkbox on the Create New Dimension dialog SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

17 Input Form (Ask for Input) The organization dimension can also be used as the basis for Input Forms in Reporting. The responsible persons for each region or department can be assigned to the Ask for Input task which is integrated into the Collaboration functionality with notifications and other social media features Currency Tables Currency conversion tables are defined independently of models, you can then apply a selected table to any model you create. When you launch Modeler, currency tables are listed on a separate Currency Conversion tab page; standard maintenance features are available to add, copy, and delete tables as required. Exchange Rates A currency conversion table defines exchange rates for all currencies which are in use. The currency conversion is calculated as a source currency multiplied by an exchange rate to determine the equivalent value in a target currency. In Modeler the currency code is entered with the regions and countries defined on the model's organization perspective. Each rate has a Valid From value which is the start date from which the rate becomes effective, but additionally exchange rates can be defined for a single Category (actuals, budgets, planning etc.) and for a selected currency Rate Type (either 'Closing' or 'Average'). This makes it possible to maintain several variations of a currency exchange calculation which can be used, for example, to track differences between budgets, plans, and actuals and to compare different types of exchange rate calculations. Rate Types and Categories The category and rate type are optional attributes of a currency and are blank by default. If the attributes are not set then the exchange rate value is generic, but you can add additional lines and rates to the table with categories and rate types applied for each exchange rate you wish to use. To use the rate types for an account you must turn this feature on in dimension preferences for the account member. An additional Rate Type column is then added to the account dimension. If you are using an older model which was created before Rate Types were introduced in Modeler, you must first migrate the model before you add the Rate Type column to the account dimension. In this case an additional Migrate option is available on the Model Preferences menu. Select this option to start the automatic migration procedure. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 17

18 Enabling Currency Conversion In Modeler, you must decide during the design phase if currency conversion is required; you cannot apply this feature later once you have saved the model and created the initial report. If the reports based on the model require currency conversion, you must specify the conversion table to use in the preference settings for the model. In Reports, you can select a reporting currency. Monetary values are then converted and displayed according to the currently effective rate for the currency you selected. Related Information Design Options: Model Preferences [page 18] Attributes of an Account Dimension [page 21] Explore Hierarchies The Hierarchy column is a standard feature of all dimension types so that you can structure your data. In Reports the nodes of the hierarchy can be expanded or collapsed. The hierarchy is defined as an interconnected set of parent-child relationships for each line in the dimension. The Hierarchy column is used to store the parent ID value. The Account dimension has only a single hierarchy but you can add additional hierarchies to all other dimension types by selecting Add Hierarchy from the Add menu (+ symbol) on the toolbar. When you choose this option, a new column is inserted in the grid, and you must enter the name of the new hierarchy in the column header row. If more than one hierarchy is defined users in Reports can use the Manage Hierarchies feature or apply filter settings to select which hierarchy to apply and to switch between hierarchies. The Hierarchy is visualized in the Preview panel. You don't need to enter or edit the data in the data grid to make a hierarchy, you can use drag and drop in the Preview panel to arrange the members and build the relationships visually. If more than one hierarchy has been defined you can select which one to show in the Preview from the drop-down list Design Options: Model Preferences For every model, you can configure individual preferences. The settings you apply when the model is created determine many permanent characteristics of the model and the reports generated from it. When designing a new planning-type model, you must set the preferences that affect security, auditing, and currency conversion; not all of these preferences are relevant for analytics-type models. Settings for the model as a whole are available from the drop-down Preferences menu (wrench icon) on the blue toolbar. An additional set of preferences at the level of each dimension is also available from the functional toolbar when the dimension is displayed SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

19 Currency The basic settings for the model include the default currency that applies to the reports generated from the model. If you need to show monetary values in different currencies in your reports, activate the Currency Conversion switch and then select a currency conversion table. The drop-down list shows all tables that have already been created on the modeler Currency Conversion tab. Data Auditing Auditing within SAP Cloud for Analytics is available at either of two levels: high-level auditing or transactional-level Data Changes auditing. If Data Audit is switched on in Preferences, all changes for this model will be logged. The audit logs are available from the Users menu ( Users Data Changes ). Privacy The Privacy setting determines if the model is visible to users other than the owner. Note that this setting can also be changed later after the model has been saved. If you activate the Privacy switch, only the owner of the model can see the related report. Disable this switch if you want other users to see reports based on the model. Data Access Restrictions You can apply data access restrictions to each individual row of every dimension in the model. When applied, additional Read and Write columns are automatically added to the dimension and a selection dialog is available to select users and grant editing rights to this data. This option is not available for analytics-type models. If you are going to use data access restrictions in your reports, you need to activate this feature for the individual dimensions where the restrictions will apply, using the Dimension Preferences dialog on the functional toolbar. This graphic illustrates this feature, showing Model Preferences (#1), Dimension Preferences (#2), and also the additional Read and Write columns. The Data Access option of the model preferences menu shows an overview of which dimensions have been secured in this way but the setting cannot be changed there. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 19

20 Dimension Preferences The configuration options available for dimensions depend on the dimension type which is currently selected and these are described in detail in relevant topics of the documentation. The setting for Enable Data Access Control is available on all dimensions. Related Information Business Organization [page 15] Creating Models [page 34] Reports [page 62] Explore Dimensions The dimensions you use in your models are saved independently of any model; when you create a new model, you can either choose an existing dimension or create a new dimension. Modeling uses several dedicated dimension types. This section gives an overview of the types of dimension available and explains the specific purposes they are used for. Apart from the built-in dimensions for Time and Category, all dimensions have three basic columns (attributes): ID, Description, and Hierarchy. These cannot be deleted, but additional columns can be added as required. The Hierarchy column is a free-format text attribute where you can enter the ID value of the parent member. By maintaining parent-child relationships in this way, you can build up a data hierarchy that is used in reporting to accumulate high-level values that can be analyzed at lower levels of detail. The following types of dimension are available: Time is a built-in dimension that defines the start and end date of the plan's timeline and the smallest time units that will be used in the plan. Categories is a built-in dimension that defines the data versions available in the report: Actual, Budget, Planning, Forecast, Rolling Forecast. The Account dimension is for the account the model and reports are generated for. Models can have only one account dimension. The Organization dimension type is optional in a model but offers an organizational analysis of the account data, based, for example, on operating units, geographic entities, or cost centers. A model can have only one organization dimension. The Generic type is a free-format dimension to which data can be added or imported as required. This could be based, for example on products, channels, or sales representatives. A model may have any number of generic dimensions. The Pool dimension type is specifically for use with Allocation. See Models for Allocation. A more detailed description of each dimension type is given in the sections that follow, beginning with the built-in dimensions for Time and Category SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

21 Time Dimension The time dimension is created automatically when you create a model. It specifies the overall timeframe for the model and also the granularity the smallest time period down to which the data in reports will be analyzed (yearly, quarterly, monthly, or daily values). Categories The data categories for financial planning (Actual, Budget, Planning) are predefined and, when you are designing a model, you need only to modify the frequency settings. Forecasting is based on a range period (quarterly or yearly). The range for the rolling forecast is defined in relation to the current date as a number of periods in the past (Look Back) and a number of periods in the future (Look Ahead). Related Information Models for Allocation: Pool Dimension [page 25] Attributes of an Account Dimension The Account Dimension defines the set of account members and the format of the account data. This is the main dimension of the model. In addition to the three basic columns of ID, Description, and Hierarchy, a set of technical properties is automatically created when the dimension is first set up. You can hide these columns, using the Technical Properties button on the toolbar, but they cannot be deleted. List boxes are available for most of the attributes of the account dimension to help you enter data. Your selections and entries are validated as you work so that any invalid or incompatible values are immediately visible. Account Types The Account dimension uses an Account Type attribute to automatically handle positive and negative values. From an accounting perspective account members belonging to the Profit and Loss report and the Balance Sheet have to be correctly stored in the database with either a positive or negative value so that the accounts balance correctly. In the application you can enter all values as positive numbers and the switching of signs from positive to negative is handled automatically on the basis of the Account Type setting. There are four financial account types: Income (INC) and Expense (EXP) items are included in the Profit and Loss account and Assets (AST) and Liabilities (LEQ) are all Balance sheet items. Automatic switching is applied to the account types INC and LEQ. Note that all formulas work on the displayed value not the value saved in the database. When importing data from an external system, a mapping feature is available to ensure that imported data also fits into this schema. This is Convert signed data symbol by account type. When this checkbox is activated imported data will also be identified by account type and stored and handled correctly. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 21

22 Currency Rate Types If you are using currencies with this account and you have added specific exchange rates based on rate types to the currency table you can add the Rate Type column to the account grid by turning this feature on in Dimension Preferences. Table 5: Attribute Account Type Details Select the account type for this type of data: INC (Income - uses automatic sign-switching) EXP (Expense) AST (Asset) LEQ (Liabilities and Equity - uses automatic sign-switching) NFIN (Non-Financial) The asset and liability types are aggregated over time and must be linked to an aggregation dimension in the model (such as the built-in Time dimension). Rate Type Unit This attribute is not visible by default but you can turn it on in Dimension Preferences. The attribute is blank by default so that a generic exchange rate from the currency table will be applied for the account member. If you select a rate type ('Average' or 'Closing') then the exchange rate in the currency table which has also been flagged by this same type will be used. You can use the Unit attribute to set the value type. Two predefined unit values are available: %: All values for this member are percentages. In this case, the Scale attribute is also automatically set to percent. Amount: All values for this member are numerical values. In this case, the Decimal Places attribute is automatically set to a default of 2, but this can be changed. Other values can be entered here such as a 3-digit currency code. The attribute can also be left blank for use with the Scale attribute (see below). Aggregation Type The aggregation type determines how values are accumulated in reports. For types Average and Last you must also enter the aggregation dimension the value relates to (Time is automatically entered as a default), an aggregation dimension is not relevant for Sum and None. AVERAGE: This type can be selected to calculate the average of all aggregated values. LAST: This type shows the last (most recent) value in the selected time period; it could be used, for example, to show the number of employees on the last day of a month. SUM: This is the default aggregation type for income and expense values; this simply adds all values together. NONE: Set the aggregation type to None for any dummy nodes on the hierarchy where you want a text label to appear on the report without any calculation of values. In this case, the Description Text for the member is displayed as a label on the report, and a simple dash character is used where otherwise an aggregated value would normally be displayed. If None is selected for a leaf node member of the hierarchy, the leaf member is not available for posting and cannot be edited. You can see an example text label in the Profit and Loss report shown at the start of this Modeling section: the text label Key Performance Indicators (with four child KPI values) has been defined as type None SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

23 Attribute Aggregation Dimension Scale Details If an Aggregation Dimension is required for the member (depending on the account type or aggregation type), enter it here. The list box available for this attribute shows all dimensions in the model and the built-in Time dimension. To improve the presentation of numbers in the reports and hide numbers which are not significant, you can set this attribute to show just integers plus the specified number of decimal places. The unit value is then shown by the appropriate word or by an abbreviation. You can select one of the following options: Thousand (3 numerical places abbreviation k) Million (6 numerical places abbreviation M) Billion (9 numerical places abbreviation G. Note that G is the international standard abbreviation for billion) Percent (% 2) This feature is related to the setting of the Unit attribute that determines if the Scale word or just the abbreviated Scale letter is used (see also the example following this table): If Unit is set to Amount, the word selected as the Scale value is used in the report. If Unit is undefined (blank), the abbreviated Scale letter is used. Decimal Places Formula This setting defines the number of digits displayed after the decimal point; select a value from 0 7. Calculations and predefined formula can be used for any value of the Account dimension. Refer to the Formulas section for full details. Calculate on If you have defined a formula you may need to set this attribute to determine the sequence in which the steps of the calculation are carried out. If the formula is applied to cells with aggregated values the default calculation method is to aggregate values before calculating the formula. You can reverse this to calculate the base details before aggregation by setting Calculate on to 'Details'. Refer to the examples in the Formulas section to see an example and illustration of how this impacts the result of a calculation. Example This example illustrates the effect of the Scale and Unit settings. For a member where the Scale has been defined as Million, Unit is blank, and Decimal Places is set to 2, the number will be displayed in reports with an abbreviation as 92.62M. If, on the other hand, Unit is set to Amount, the value will be the full word: 92.62Million. If no Scale value is selected, the full number is shown formatted by appropriate separators; for example: 92,624, Related Information Explore Formulas [page 25] Currency Tables [page 17] Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 23

24 Attributes of an Organizational Dimension The organizational structure that applies to the account can be defined as a special organizational dimension in the model. For international business models, currency conversion features are also available. To create a new organizational dimension, you must select the Type called organization. If the hierarchy refers to geographical locations such as offices or sales areas, you can also switch on the geolocation feature of SAP Cloud for Analytics while creating a new organization dimension. To use this feature, enable the Use Area ID checkbox on the Create New Dimension dialog. Attributes In addition to the three basic columns of ID, Description, and Hierarchy, the attributes listed in the following table are available. Table 6: Field Currency Responsible Area ID More information Enter the 3-character code for the currency that each member will use. Select the responsible person for the organization member. A lookup feature is available for this attribute to select the ID. This attribute is only visible on the grid if you selected the Use Area ID indicator while creating the dimension; it is used to identify the geolocation information for the members of the organization, and the information is used in charts to display the data in a geomap. This attribute includes a lookup feature that autocompletes the value if the Description text is recognized as a valid Area ID. Alternatively, you can use the Area ID search feature (active when a cell in this column is highlighted) to look for the correct Area ID value for each row of the hierarchy Attributes of a Generic Dimension One or more generic dimensions can be added to a model as required. This is a simple free-format dimension that supports hierarchies and Data Access control. For a generic dimension, the three basic columns of ID, Description, and Hierarchy are created by default. Use the add icon (+ symbol) on the functional toolbar to add whatever additional columns you require or to add additional hierarchies SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

25 Models for Allocation: Pool Dimension The Pool dimension type is for use with Allocation. Allocation Scenario A Business Planning model has been created for Allocation. In addition to the Account dimension, it includes a CostPool dimension (type Pool) that contains the members Logistics, General, and Sales. For Allocation, other dimensions in the model can be mapped to the Pool dimension so that in reports the costs of each dimension can be allocated to the cost centers defined in the Pool in this case to Logistics, General, and Sales Explore Formulas This section gives an overview of how formulas are used and gives details of the formulas available in Modeler. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 25

26 Formulas for Modeler and Reports Formulas perform calculations on either constant values or members of the account dimension. References to members must be enclosed in square brackets (see following illustrations). Some formulas are designed for use in Models and others are designed for use in Reports. In Modeler, when you create a new account dimension, the Formula column is automatically added. You can enter a formula in the formula bar or use the Edit Formula dialog. In Modeler, formulas apply to individual account members (rows). This example shows formulas using basic arithmetic syntax to perform calculations referring to other members of the account dimension: In Reports, when you use formulas, additional columns are generated on the report, and calculated values are inserted for all rows. This example shows the predefined delta() formula being added to column H to calculate the difference between actual and forecast values for quarters 1 and 2: Entering Formulas in Modeler When you select a cell in the Formula column where the formula will be entered, the text entry bar changes automatically from text mode (T) to formula mode (fx). Two features are available to help you to enter formula in both Modeler and Reports: Hint Lists and the Formula Editing dialog. A hint list is immediately displayed as soon as you begin to type in the formula bar. The list shows all available options (including formula and account members) that match with the text you have typed. Account member SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

27 descriptions are also displayed in the list to help you identify the member you are searching for. The filtering process also searches this description text to find any values that match the text you have typed. You can use the Edit Formula dialog to help you to enter, format, and also validate your formula. This dialog lists all the available functions (functions, conditions, operators) that can be used to build up a formula. You can select the functions you require from the lists and also type additional values in the editor Aggregation in Formula You can use either the Details() syntax with a formula or the Calculate on details attribute on the account dimension to determine that a formula calculates all the base details first before calculating an aggregated result. Brackets are used to determine which part of a calculation should be done first. It is also important with formulas to say if any aggregation of values should be done before or after the formula is calculated. The scenario shown here illustrates this problem and shows how to use the Advanced Formula Editor and the Details() syntax to resolve it. Refer to the account dimension for details of using the Calculate on details attribute as an alternative method of doing this. In the following example, the value for Total Income is calculated from [PRICE] * [UNITS]. Both Price and Total Income are defined to show aggregated (summed) values: This illustration shows the difference in the result depending on the sequence of the calculation. In this situation, it is important to determine in the report that is generated from the model if the values are aggregated before the formula is calculated (see the green result in the next illustration) or if the formula in each column is calculated first and then the values are aggregated (see the blue result in the next illustration). Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 27

28 Calculate After Aggregation By default, the formula as entered in the illustration above ( [PRICE] * [UNITS] ) aggregates first and then does the calculation. In this example, this is calculated as: ([TOTAL INCOME], [2014.Q1]) = ([PRICE], [2014.Q1]) * ([UNITS], [2014.Q1]) = 1020 Million $ Calculate Before Aggregation To determine that a formula calculates all the base details first before calculating the result, you must use the Details() syntax. For this, use the Advanced Formula Editor. Enter your calculation and then select the Details button. This adds the Details formula to the existing calculation. In this case, this is calculated as: ([TOTAL INCOME], [2014.Q1]) = ([TOTAL INCOME], [2014.Jan]) + ([TOTAL INCOME], [2014.Feb]) + ([TOTAL INCOME], [2014.Mar]) = 310 Million $ Note Details cannot be used with any of the built-in formulas such as lookup(), cagr(), yoy(), and so on. Details calculations can be applied only to leaf nodes in the hierarchy. If your calculation makes references to members that are not valid, a warning message is displayed identifying the invalid members. Related Information Attributes of an Account Dimension [page 21] Variables for Formulas You can define variables and their default values and then enter the variable name as part of the formula definition. In reporting, the value of the variable is calculated and displayed. To make formulas and reports more flexible, you can include variables in formula. These are entered in Modeler as placeholders that are defined with a default value. In the report that is generated from the model, you can then select the variable values so that the formula can be used to operate with different numbers or different sets of data. The following illustration shows firstly the variable definition process in a demo model containing four dimensions, and then how these variables can be used in the formula column of the account SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

29 In Reports, the variable values can be modified from the settings of the Point of View display: Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 29

30 Defining Variables To define one or more variables for the model, follow the steps given here. Procedure 1. Choose the Variables option of the Modeler preferences icon. 2. Choose the Add (+) icon on the toolbar and enter a Name for the new variable. 3. Select a Value Domain from the drop-down list box. There are three types of option available for the Value domain: The Number type represents a constant digit that you enter manually; initially, as the default value. To define variables related to the Time dimension, one or more time options (for Year, Quarter, Month, etc.) are available depending on the granularity settings defined. This type can be used for example with the predefined CAGR formula. The list box also includes a reference to each added dimension in the model (based on the ID attribute). This type can be used, for example, with the predefined Lookup formula. 4. Set a default value. If the variable relates to an existing dimension, you can choose Edit (pen icon) to open a list box so that you can browse through the members of the dimension the variable relates to. 5. To use the variable in a formula, simply enter the formula in the normal way. The variables you have defined will be included in the drop-down list boxes Formula Functions, Conditions, and Operators The Edit Formula dialog helps you to enter, format, and also validate your formula; it lists all the available functions (functions, conditions, operators) that can be used to build up a formula. Operators The four arithmetic operators are available for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. These can be used either with constants or when referring to members, for example [A1000]/3 is the value of account member A1000 divided by 3. Brackets can be used to change the order of evaluation: bracketed parts of the formula are calculated first, for example, [A1000]*([A2000]+2) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

31 Conditions The list of supported conditions that can be used in formula is given in the following table: Table 7: Condition Operators Meaning Example AND Logical expression and: result is true or false [A1 000]>[B1000] AND [A2000]>[B2000] OR Logical expression or: result is true or false [A1000]>[B1000] = Equal to [A1 000] = [B1000] > Greater than [A1 000]>[B1000] < Less than [A1 000]<[B1000] >= Greater than or equal to [A1 000]> = [B1000] <= Less than or equal to [A1 000]< = [B1000]!= Not equal to [A1 000]! = 0 Functions The list of functions available is given in the following table; these can be used with either constants or account members: Table 8: Function ABS(number) IF(expression,val1,val2) Meaning Returns the absolute value of a number (the number without its sign) The IF function returns the first value if the specified condition is TRUE, and the second value if the condition is FALSE IF([SALES)>100, [SALES], [SALES]+10) Returns [SALES] if [SALES] is greater than 100 Returns [SALES]+10 if [SALES] is less than or equal to 100 LOG(number) LOG10(number) INT(number) FLOAT(arg) DOUBLE(arg) POWER(number, power) Returns the natural logarithm Returns the base 10 common logarithm Rounds a number down to the nearest integer Converts arg to a floating point number Converts arg to a high precision floating point number Returns the result of a number raised to a power Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 31

32 Formulas Available in Modeler Predefined formulas can be used in Modeler to perform complex, frequently required calculations. This section gives syntax details and examples of the formulas that you can use in Modeler. The Details() formula, which you can use to determine the sequence of calculations (calculate before/after aggregation), cannot be used in combination with the formula listed here. Lookup() The Lookup formula provides a cross-dimension feature that can be used to link to another account member in the current model. Optionally, a Point of View can be specified to further restrict data in the current account member. The Lookup formula cannot be used with other formulas. The name of this formula was originally Restrict(), both names are valid. Syntax: Lookup(<model account member>; [<dimension name>=<account member1>, <account member2>]) Table 9: Parameter <account member> [<Point of View>] Usage Specifies an account member in the model. Optional. This is a list containing selected dimensions and their members and is used to further restrict data in the account member (see example 1). For this parameter, the all keyword is available to select all members in the dimension: [<dimension name>(all)] (see example 2). Additionally, you can use time navigation syntax to identify specific periods (see example 3 and following examples). Example 1. Lookup([400000];[sap.epm:Employee=e1, e2]) 2. Lookup([400000];[sap.epm:Region(all)]) 3. Lookup([400000];[sap.epm:Time.Year(previous, 1).Day(next, 5)]) An extensive set of keywords is available for time navigation. The following examples show how these are used: Lookup([400000];[sap.epm:ProfitAndLoss_Time.Year(Next,1).Month(Current)] Lookup([400000];[sap.epm:ProfitAndLoss_Time.Year(Next,1).Quarter(Last,1).Month(Last,1)]) Lookup([400000];[sap.epm:ProfitAndLoss_Time.Year(Next,1).Month(LastPeriods,2)]) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

33 Link() Model linking (blending) can be used to display data from more than one model in a single report. The Link formula cannot be used with other formulas. Syntax: LINK(<model name>; <target model account member>; [<dimension name>=<account member1>, <account member2>]) Table 10: Parameter <model name> <account member> [<Point of View>] Usage Specifies the target model name. Specifies the target model account member. Optionally, a point of view can be specified. This is a list containing selected dimensions and their members and is used to further restrict data in the target account member. For this parameter, the all keyword is available to select all members in the dimension: [<dimension name>(all)]. Example LINK(sap.epm:ProfitAndLoss;INCOME_STMT;[sap.epm:Region(all)], [sap.epm:product=hprd0001,hprd0002]) Compound Average Growth Rate() Compound Average Growth Rate (CAGR) is the mean annual growth rate over a specified period of time longer than one year. To calculate compound annual growth rate, divide the value of a member at the end of the period in question by its value at the beginning of that period, raise the result to the power of one divided by the period length, and subtract one from the subsequent result. Syntax: CAGR(<account member>; <start date>; <end date>]) Example newcagr = CAGR([400000],[2013],[2014]) Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 33

34 Simple Moving Average() The simple moving average (SMA) is calculated by adding the value of a member for a number of time periods and then dividing this total by the number of time periods. Syntax: SMA(<account member>; <time period>; <number>]) Example newsma = SMA([400000];[Month];[3]) Year Over Year() Year over Year returns a percentage showing the difference between the value of a member in the current year compared with the previous year. Syntax: YoY(<account member>) Example Revenue_YoY = YoY([Revenue]) This is calculated as: [REVENUE_CURRENT]/[REVENUE_PREVIOUS_YEAR]-1,0 A check is made to ensure that the neither the current year not the previous year are blank. 3.2 Creating Models The Models page lists all existing models that have been created and is the starting point for designing new models. Alternatively, models can also be created on-the-fly in Data Integration. Context An overview of the steps to manually create a planning model is given here. Some changes can be made only during this design phase that is, up to the point where you save the model for the first time and an initial report is generated. Once the design is complete you can populate the model with data SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

35 Procedure 1. Create the basic model by choosing New Models (the + icon) from the toolbar on the Models page. 2. In the Create Model dialog, enter a name and description for the model. For a planning model, select the checkbox Planning Enabled, and then choose Create. 3. The Time and Categories dimensions are built into planning models. You can modify the default settings as required: a. Set the Lowest Granularity time period for the model that is, the time period on which your data will be based: year, quarter, month, or day. b. Choose a start and end date for the timeline for the data. c. Basic categories are predefined: actual, budget, planning, forecast, or rolling forecast. Choose the frequency (year, quarter, month) that will be used as the basis for these categories. d. For the Forecast category, choose the forecast range period (quarterly or yearly). The range for the rolling forecast is defined in relation to the current date as a number of periods in the past (Look Back) and a number of periods in the future (Look Ahead). 4. Set up the account dimension for the model by either selecting an account from the list of existing dimensions or creating a new one from scratch. Optionally, you can add an organizational dimension to your model and also other generic dimensions. See Explore Dimensions for details of all dimension types. 5. Set the model preferences: from the menu of the wrench icon, choose Preferences, and enable all of the specific features you need, such as data auditing. Note that only the Privacy setting can be changed later once you have saved the model. 6. Set the Data Access restrictions for each dimension as described in the following subsection. Related Information Modeler [page 12] Planning Models and Analytics Models [page 14] Design Options: Model Preferences [page 18] Data Access [page 36] Explore Dimensions [page 20] Creating Models Using the Planning Wizard An additional method for creating models is the Planning Wizard, this is available on the Home screen for first time users and is permanently available in Stories as an option when adding a Dynamic Table to a grid. The Model Planning Wizard provides a template to create one of three types of plan, when you create the plan the model behind the wizard is also created on the fly at the same time. You can enter data for the new model directly in the grid of the dynamic table. The three types of plan are: Basic Financial Plan Headcount Plan Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 35

36 Custom Plan A plan in a dynamic table has a simple grid structure of columns and rows and the template prompts you to enter text values which are added to each column. The Basic Financial Plan, for example, offers predefined columns for Accounts, Regions and Products. When you have entered all the plan details and selected OK to continue, the plan and the model are created. The model that is created is added to the Modeler list page and contains the dimensions (columns of the plan) and the line details (dimension members) which you entered in the template. A dimension type is automatically assigned to each dimension that is created and the new dimensions are named automatically as <ModelName>_<DimensionType>. Additional information from the wizard is saved in the dimension Description value. The wizard also requires you to enter information about the frequency of data updates. This information is used to automatically create a time dimension for the model Data Access You can restrict access to the data of reports by setting read and write permissions for individual values. This feature is optional and can be activated for any dimension in the model. Context You can enable Data Access restrictions by selecting the Enable Data Access Control checkbox in the Edit Dimension Preferences dialog. Once this has been activated, two additional columns (Read and Write) are added to the grid of the dimension so that individual settings can be applied to each row. You can select one or more users (or simply all users) who will have access to the data from a list box. Procedure 1. Select the dimension that you want to modify and choose Preferences from the toolbar. 2. In the Edit Dimension Preferences dialog, select the Enable Data Access Control checkbox and choose OK. 3. You can now use the two new columns Read and Write to control access to all rows of the grid by selecting one or more users in either or both of the columns. You can see a summary of all dimensions in the model and the data access settings from the model Preferences menu (Wrench icon). Select the Data Access option that displays a list of dimensions. This information is read only; the data access setting can be changed only in the Dimension Preferences dialog SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

37 3.3 Creating Dimensions Every model must have one account-type dimension. You can add more dimensions of other types as required: Organizational (only one), Generic, or Pool. Context You are creating a new model or adding dimensions to an existing model. Initially, if no account dimension has been set up, the account dimension has the name 'Account'. The model cannot be saved until the account dimension has been added. Procedure 1. For the account dimension, choose Account and then Create New Dimension from the drop-down list. For other dimension types, choose Add (plus icon) and then Create New Dimension from the drop-down list. 2. In the Create New Dimension dialog, select the dimension Type. Enter a Name and, optionally, a Description. Depending on your security requirements, select Enable Data Access Control. For an organization dimension, the additional option Use Area ID is available to automatically identify geolocation information for each member of the organization. For a pool dimension, a list of Mapped Dimensions is also maintained. The account dimension is selected as a mapped dimension by default. You can select any other dimensions that are available, as needed. 3. Choose Create to add the new dimension to the model. An initial # member is added to each dimension (but not the account dimension). You cannot delete this member manually, but you can paste data into the dimension grid and overwrite this initial row. The Options menu gives access to the Dimension Preferences dialog where you can update some of the basic details of the dimension. During the design stage of the model, you can delete dimensions or use the Replace Dimension feature on the Options menu to select a new dimension from the list of existing ones. Once you have saved the model, dimensions can no longer be removed or replaced. It is also possible to completely delete dimensions that are no longer in use. To do this, go to the Modeler Dimensions tab page and select the dimension from the list. Choose Delete to remove the dimension. Results After creating a dimension, a new tab with the name of your dimension is added to the model. You can now add or load data to the dimension. The new dimension is also added to the dimension list tab page in Modeler. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 37

38 3.3.1 Editing Dimensions Once a model has been created, you can continue to maintain the content. You can add more dimensions to a model and also add more columns and rows to a dimension. Choose Options Preferences to access the Dimension Preferences dialog. Here you can modify the Description of the dimension and in some cases it is also possible to change the dimension Type (you can change a Generic type to an Organization type). To enable security for the dimension, check Enable Data Access Control. Choose Add to add rows, columns, or additional hierarchies to your dimension. Related Information Explore Hierarchies [page 18] Design Options: Model Preferences [page 18] Editing Dimension Attributes Several options are available for maintaining the content in the dimension grid. You can change dimension attributes in the grid as follows: For all properties, you can copy and paste values from an external data source. The Account dimension includes a set of technical properties. List boxes are available to help you enter data in each cell of these properties. To insert a new attribute (column), choose Add (plus icon on the toolbar) and select Add Column. This inserts a column to the left of the currently selected cell. To insert a new hierarchy, choose Add and select Add Hierarchy. This appends a new column to the existing ones. To insert a new row, choose Add and select Add Row. This inserts a row above the currently selected cell. To copy a row, choose Copy Row on the toolbar. This duplicates the current row and marks it red to indicate that the content must be further edited. To delete a row or column, choose the Paperbin icon and select the required option SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

39 3.4 Clearing Model Data Using the eraser icon on the toolbar, you can clear a selected model of all data. You can do this for the model as a whole, for individual dimensions, or for selected dimension members. Context This feature is restricted to user roles with privileges to delete models. Procedure 1. Select a model in the Modeler list screen by marking its checkbox. 2. Select Clear Selected Model (the eraser icon) on the toolbar. This opens the Clean Modeler dialog. 3. The complete hierarchy of members for each dimension in the model is displayed in a dialog. You can navigate through the collapsible list of available members to select individual account members, or you can select all members of a branch at the top level of the hierarchy. 4. After making your selection, select OK to continue. This displays a verification prompt that you must confirm to complete the operation. 3.5 Deleting a Model You can delete a model and all related data by selecting the Delete icon (trashcan) on the Modeler toolbar. Context This feature is restricted to user roles with privileges to delete models. When you delete a model, the built-in dimensions of Time and Category are automatically deleted but other dimensions are kept. These are still available in the Dimensions list and can be reused in other models. Procedure 1. On the Models list screen, select the model you want to delete by selecting its checkbox. 2. Choose Delete from the toolbar. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 39

40 3. To delete the model and all related data, confirm the warning message. 4. If you want to also delete the dimensions from this model that are no longer in use, go to the Modeler Dimensions tab page and select the dimension from the list. Choose Delete to remove the dimension. 3.6 Data Import You can populate models with data by importing data from files or other systems. It is also possible to directly create a model by importing from an appropriate data source. The table below lists the available options for importing data. To import data from a flat text file, the data must be delimited (such as comma-separated values). Data in Microsoft Excel can be imported. If the data is saved on separate sheets in the Excel workbook, you can choose which sheet to import. Data files can be stored locally on your file system or network; direct import from Google Drive is also supported. Integration of SAP Cloud for Analytics with a number of other systems is also possible. In the current release, direct connections to SAP HANA database views are supported, as is import of data from SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC). Import Option More Information Import Model from File About Importing a Model from a File [page 42] Importing a Model from a File [page 45] Import Data from File About Importing Data from Files [page 47] Importing Data from Files [page 49] Import Model from BPC About Importing Data from Other Systems [page 50] About Importing a Model from BPC [page 51] Importing a Model from BPC [page 52] Import Data from BPC Importing Data from BPC [page 55] About Importing Data from BPC [page 53] Import from Google Drive Connecting to Google Drive [page 41] Create Model from HANA Creating a Model from HANA [page 56] Create Model from Remote System Creating a Model from a Remote System [page 58] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

41 3.6.1 Connecting to Google Drive If your data files are stored on Google Drive, you can connect directly to Google and select a file from there. Context When you connect to Google Drive, you can import any of the following file formats: Google Sheets, commadelimited text files (csv), and Microsoft Excel files (xlsx). On the Modeler Import menu, two options are available to connect to Google Drive, but in both cases the connection procedure to retrieve either a data file or model data is the same: you use the Import Data option to add data to an existing model and the Import Model option to create a new model. After selecting the source file, the import action is the same as described for other similar import procedures. This same option to import files from Google Drive is also available in Stories when adding data to a new story. Note You must have your Google Drive ID and password ready. The login prompt for Google Drive is displayed in a popup dialog, and it is therefore essential to disable the popup blocker in your browser before trying to connect. Procedure 1. Select the option you require from the menu. This opens the Import from Google Drive dialog. 2. Select the Choose File button to open the Select Google Drive File dialog. 3. For your first access to Google Drive, select the Sign in link to open the login popup. Enter your ID and password and select the account you want to use. If you are already signed in and have already got the address of the target file on the clipboard, you can paste it directly into the dialog. 4. The content of the drive you selected is now displayed in the My Drive section of the dialog. Navigate to the file you want to import and choose the Select button. 5. Complete the other details in the Import from Google Drive dialog; that is, select the existing model or enter the name of the new model that will be created. 6. Choose the Import button to begin the import procedure. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 41

42 3.6.2 About Importing a Model from a File You can import a model from a file of external data such as an Excel spreadsheet. The data columns in the source file are used to create dimensions in a new model. The import process analyzes the source data and creates an initial data view with proposed dimensions for the new model. You must review this proposal and refine it by specifying the attribute type for each dimension and mapping the columns to appropriate dimensions in the new model. The workflow to import a model from a file is: 1. Select a source file and enter a name for the model that will be created 2. Start the import and automatic initial mapping process that creates the initial data view 3. Map the data in the data view to align the source data with the model 4. Start the automatic creation of the model and the initial report. Source Data The source data can be an Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx) or delimited text file (.csv or.txt). The source data must include columns which can be used to create dimensions in a new model and it must also include transactional data (referred to in Modeler as KeyFigure / SignedData). The transactional data is not visible in Modeler but it will be displayed in the report which is generated. The data will typically include details for the main account for the model. You can identify which dimension is the main account during the import process but if no account data is found then an account dimension will be generated automatically for the model. In addition to the main dimensions and transactional data the source can also include properties for dimensions, that is, text information such as descriptions, hierarchy information, or other details. Properties are linked to a specific parent dimension during the mapping process. Import and Initial Mapping The data is analyzed as it is imported to identify the unique records in each column and to determine the data types: in the initial analysis a basic distinction between numeric and text data is made. Columns containing text are typically identified as dimensions and numeric data is identified as either transactional data or time values. Data View The result of the initial import process is the DataView. In the following illustration we can see that some columns have already been identified as potential dimensions - they have been given a default name such as Account_5540 (a numeric suffix is added where necessary to make the name unique in the database). The original column headings from the source data are shown beneath the new proposed names together with a symbol to show the data type which has been recognized (numeric, time and date, or text strings). You can edit the column headers but for some dimension types (such as Description type) the header is automatically updated SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

43 The content of the data view and the success of the initial analysis and mapping is dependent on the quality of the source data, such as the column headings and the consistency of the data in each column. In this example, four columns have been provisionally identified as dimensions, one column has been recognized as transactional data and three columns (Currency, Time, Version) have been initially flagged as properties. Mapping Process The objective of the manual mapping process is to improve the quality of data and to align it with the requirements of Modeler so that the complete new model and initial report can be generated. The screen display in the DataView is highly dynamic and proactive. Many features are built into this view to support the mapping process, these include: Suggested actions: depending on the currently selected element in the display a choice of editing options may be offered Highlighting of cells (red background) to indicate anomalous data which may be incorrect Automatic selecting of cells with matching values and automatic counting of values. Additionally, many context-sensitive editing features are available: firstly from the context menu in the data area to correct or replace cell values, and also from the drop-down menu available in the column heading area. This menu provides features to manage the columns in the grid, sort and filter the data, convert the data type, or add additional columns of geolocation information for the model. A history of all changes you make in the data view is maintained and displayed in the collapsible History panel. If necessary, you can roll back the changes you make either by clicking on entries in the history or using the Undo / Redo buttons on the toolbar. Details Panels The collapsible blue Details panel on the right of the screen is available to apply settings to each selected column. This panel has two views: Data Level - shows general information about the import Column - shows information for the currently selected column and lists the attribute and dimension types which you can apply. The Column panel is shown here with the content of the drop-down menus visible. The three main data types are shown color coded and the commentary that follows explains how these are handled. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 43

44 1) Dimensions: Any column which must appear as a separate dimension in the model requires the attribute type ID plus a dimension type. The example shows the column / dimension 'Product' which has been assigned the dimension type 'Generic'. Note The date / time data column must also be set to attribute type ID with dimension type 'Time' to create a time dimension. This is required for planning-type models. When you have set up this column you can also set the Time Format by selecting a template from the drop down list. This will ensure that the data is correctly parsed as it is imported. 2) Properties: Columns containing descriptions, hierarchy information and other properties can be imported and added as additional columns on any selected dimension. In this case, you must also select the parent dimension where the column will appear (click the arrow symbol in the attribute type menu to open a new selection dialog). If you set a column to attribute type Description then the column heading is immediately updated with the word "Description". 3) Signed Data (transactional data): This data type requires the attribute type Key Figure and is automatically assigned to the dimension type SignedData (this data is not visible in Modeler and SignedData is not listed as a dimension type) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

45 Importing a Model from a File To import a model from a file, you select the file, give the new model a name, and then specify how incoming data should be mapped to model dimensions. Prerequisites You have a delimited text file (.csv, or.txt) or a Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) file that contains the transactional data and the master data that can be matched to the dimensions of the target model. Procedure 1. In the main menu, choose Modeler. 2. On the Models page, choose the Import Data icon and select Import Model from File from the menu. 3. In the Import Model from File dialog, choose Select Source File. 4. Browse to the file you wish to import and choose Open. The name of the file you selected is now displayed. If you need to select a different file you can remove the file by using the X icon and then select another. 5. If you are importing from an Excel workbook containing multiple sheets, select the Sheet you want to import. 6. In the Target Model section, enter a Model Name and a description (optional). 7. Select Import to begin the initial import of the source data. After the import completes the Data View is displayed. 8. In the Data Level panel, specify whether the model is Planning Enabled by selecting or deselecting the check box and indicate whether to use the first row of the data as headers by selecting the Use first row as header checkbox. 9. Continue with the data mapping for the new model: use the Column panel to apply settings for each column in the Data View. 10. When the mapping is complete choose Create Model. A confirmation prompt is displayed before the creation process begins. Results The data is successfully imported and the new model is listed on the Models page. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 45

46 Enriching Coordinate Data for Geospatial Analysis Before you perform geospatial analysis in stories, you must first import coordinate data and enrich it in the Modeler. This process creates a new column in the data view with an enriched format of latitude and longitude coordinates. Prerequisites You must have an Excel file (.xlsx) or CSV file with a location ID column that contains unique data, as well as latitude and longitude columns. Context These steps describe how to enrich coordinate data while creating a model from a file. You can also enrich coordinate data while uploading data to an existing model. For more information, see About Importing Data from Files [page 47]. Procedure 1. From the main menu, select Modeler. 2. In the Models page, select Import Model from File and choose a file to import. 3. Type the Model Name and Description, and select Import. The data from the file appears in the Data Integration page. 4. Ensure that at least one numeric column has Key Figure as its attribute type. 5. Select the arrow next to a column containing latitude or longitude data and choose Geo Enrich By Coordinate. 6. In the Geo Enrich Data dialog, specify the following information: Geo Dimension: Type a name for the dimension that you will create using the geo enrich process. Tooltip Text: Select the column that will provide the tooltip text for dimension members displayed in a geo map. Parent Dimension: Select the dimension with unique location ID data that you want to map the new geo dimension to. Latitude: Select the column that contains the latitude coordinate. Longitude: Select the column that contains the longitude coordinate. 7. Select Create. The Geo Code Results dialog appears, showing the coordinates that were successfully created in the Solved tab, and the rows that did not match coordinates in the No Geo matches tab SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

47 8. To solve unmatched entries, select No Geo matches, and type new values for unmatched entries. To provide more information, you can choose any columns that may contain geographical data from the Select supplementary information list. 9. Select OK. A new column with the attribute type ST-Point is created. 10. Finish the data integration and mapping process and in the Details panel, select Create Model. Results The model is created. When working with stories, the geo dimension will be available to add to geo maps. Related Information Analyzing Geographical Data [page 146] About Importing a Model from a File [page 42] About Importing Data from Files You can import data in a delimited (column) format to existing models. During the import process you can finalize the mapping of the source data to the dimensions in the model. The import data process and the import model process are very similar. In both cases the data is imported, analyzed and mapped to the dimensions of a model. A special feature of importing data to an existing model is the option to align new data with existing version categories or to create new version categories during the import. For example, if the existing model contains actual values you can now import planning data by selecting the Planning category and entering a label for the new version data. Then, in the report that is generated from the model both the actual and the new planning columns will be visible. The workflow to import data from a file into a model is: 1. Select a source file and select the name of the model that will be updated 2. Start the import and automatic initial mapping process that creates the data view 3. Map the data in the data view to align the source data with the model 4. Start the automatic update process. Source Data The source data can be an Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx) or delimited text file (.csv or.txt). The source data must include columns which can be matched to the existing dimensions in the selected model. It must also include transactional data (referred to in Modeler as KeyFigure / SignedData). Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 47

48 Import and Initial Mapping After the initial import the data is displayed in the DataView grid. The status and success of the initial mapping is shown in each column header of the grid as a color-coded status bar indicating if the source column was mapped and what percentage of the imported data was accepted. If the status is not 100 percent green you can click the status bar to see details of which values have not been matched. As with the Import Model from File procedure, the screen display in the DataView is highly dynamic, many editing features to support the mapping process are available from context menus and the drop-down menus in the column header area. A history of all changes you make in the data view is maintained and displayed in the collapsible History panel. If necessary, you can roll back the changes you make either by clicking on entries in the history or using the Undo / Redo buttons on the toolbar. Details Panel: Data Level The Data Level panel shows general details of the import process and is used to apply general settings to the import process as a whole. An important setting here is the import method to determine how existing data is handled. A choice of three import methods is available: Clean & Replace Replace Append Deletes the existing data and adds new entries to the target model. Updates the existing data and adds new entries to the target model. Keeps the existing data as is and adds new entries to the target model. You can also choose how accounting data is handled in this import. Special data types for accounting data are available which automatically apply negative signs to values in the database as necessary although the data shown on screen is shown as a positive value (this applies to the types INC and LEQ - refer to the Account dimension type for more information). A checkbox is available on this panel to apply this feature to the transactional (signed) data as it is imported. Details Panel: Column The Column panel shows details for the currently selected data column. It shows the mapping status and also the mapping quality as well as frequency counts and summaries of all the data in the column. For any column containing version information you can set which category of data (such as Actual or Planning) you are going to update in the model SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

49 Importing Data from Files You can import data saved in spreadsheets or text files to update existing models. Prerequisites To import data to an existing model you must have a delimited text file (.csv, or.txt) or a worksheet in a Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) file that contains the transactional data and the master data that can be matched to the dimensions of the target model. Procedure Import Data 1. In the main menu, choose Modeler. 2. On the Models page, choose the Import Data icon and select Import Data from File from the menu. 3. In the Import Data File dialog, choose Select Source File. 4. Browse to the file you wish to import and choose Open. The name of the file you selected is now displayed. If you need to select a different file you can remove the file by using the X icon and then select another. 5. If you are importing from an Excel workbook containing multiple sheets, select the Sheet you want to import. 6. In the Target Model section, enter a Model Name and a description (optional). 7. Select Import to begin the initial import of the source data. After the import completes the Data View is displayed. Data Mapping: Data Level Details Panel You can begin the data mapping process in thedata Level panel. 8. Carry out the following checks and apply the settings you require: Check the source Data file and Mapped to values, you can change these if necessary. Set the Import Method to determine if the new data should replace, clean and replace, or be appended to existing data. Check for onscreen notifications about the overall status of Mapped Dimensions. If the initial import was not able to map all dimensions, unmapped dimensions in the target model are listed here (warning triangle symbol). You can select an unmapped dimension here and also apply a filter at this point. If the target model uses automatic sign switching for accounting data types you can apply this switching feature to the imported data by selecting the Reverse the sign of the data checkbox. (See Attributes of an Account Dimension for details) If the source data contains a row of header labels select the Use first row as header checkbox. After completing the general data settings you can look at the mapping of individual columns in the DataView and the Column details panel. Data Mapping: Column Details Panel Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 49

50 As you select each column in the DataView grid the Column details panel updates to show summaries of the data in the selected column, or, if the column is already mapped, to show the mapping quality status. Note that the final import cannot be started until all dimensions in the model have been mapped to a data column. 9. Manually map any remaining unmapped columns. Check each column. Use the context menu Replace feature in the DataView to revise and improve the data quality. Use the column management features (drop-down menu in the header of each column) to apply more general changes to the data. These features include sorting, converting data to number or date format and filtering. The filter offers two methods which can be used alone or together: firstly to import only selected members of the account and secondly to set a data range filter based on a comparison value (for example, only import data where the value is greater than or equal to 100). Signed Data: if you select a mapped signed data column a Filter icon is available in the Column panel so that you can restrict the transaction data you import. You can use this to select data for just one single member of the account. Version information: If you select a column which is mapped to a dimension containing version information then an additional Version Mapping feature is available in the Column panel. In this case, select the Map Versions button to open an additional dialog where you can map a dimension category (such as Actuals or Forecast) to the version of the data being imported. After doing this a message is displayed to confirm that the data has been mapped to a specific version. Geolocation data: select the Geo Enrich option of the drop-down menu to add an additional Geo dimension to your model. (See Enriching Coordinate Data for Geospatial Analysis for details). 10. When the mapping process is complete select the Finish Mapping button. Results A confirmation prompt is displayed once the data has been successfully imported. Error messages may be displayed if the data is not complete for some reason. Related Information Attributes of an Account Dimension [page 21] Enriching Coordinate Data for Geospatial Analysis [page 46] About Importing Data from Other Systems You can populate models by importing data from other systems. Imports from versions 10.0 and 10.1 of SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC) are supported: SAP Business Planning and Consolidation, version for Microsoft Platform (BPC for Microsoft) SAP Business Planning and Consolidation, version for SAP NetWeaver (BPC for NW) To import from a BPC system, the on-premise BPC system must be specifically set up to connect with the application. For further information, please contact your SAP consultant SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

51 Before you can proceed with the import from BPC, you must have set up connections to the BPC system. You do this in the Connections window. For more information, see Explore Connections. You can import an analytics model from a HANA instance. Related Information Connections [page 186] About Importing a Model from BPC You can import a model from SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC). The workflow to import a model from BPC is: 1. Specify source model information. 2. Provide target model information. 3. Map source data to the new model. Specifying Source Model Information You first need to select the connection to the BPC system. This can be an existing connection or one that you create on the fly during the import. For more information on creating connections, see the Connections section of the user help. Next, you must specify the environment, which is a set of models, and from this set, select the model to be imported. (In BPC terms, a model is a cube and the cube is the object of the import.) Providing Target Model Information You need to provide a name for the target model and a description (optional). The model name cannot start with a numeral or any other non-alphabetical symbol, such as a space. You must also specify whether the model is to be read-only. If you set a model to read-only, you cannot edit in the application, so it is still owned by BPC. Mapping Source Data You create mappings between the source data and the target model in the mapping dialog. The mapping matrix is set out in the following columns: Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 51

52 Column from Source: This column lists the columns in the source model. Filter Value: You can set a filter for each column to control how much data is imported. Because model data from BPC data can be very large, you must set filters for time and version data. Dimension Name: This column contains the names of the dimensions for the new model, to which the source columns are mapped. Dimension Type: This column contains the type for each dimension. The system automatically suggests a type for some dimensions, but you can change or set the type by choosing one of the following options from the list: Account: This dimension represents the accounts structure of your organization. You can have only one dimension of this type per model. Generic: Any kind of business dimension that is not an organizational one. This can include products, channels, or sales representatives. You can add multiple dimensions of this type to a model. Organization: This dimension represents the business units that drive your business. Depending on your organization, these could be operating units, geographic entities, cost centers, and so on. You can have only one dimension of this type per model. Time: Specifies the smallest time period to be applied to the model. You can use year, quarter, month, or day. It is created automatically when you create a model. Version: This is for the Category dimension. Once the mapping is complete, you can start the import. When the import is complete, you can open the model to check the model structure. At this point, you can add more dimensions to the model. If you add more dimensions, you should set a default member for data import. Related Information Connections [page 186] Creating a BPC Connection [page 186] Importing a Model from BPC To import a model from SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC), you specify the source model and then map the imported data to the new model structure. Prerequisites A connection to a BPC system is in place. The SAP HANA Cloud Connector is available SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

53 Procedure 1. In the main menu, choose Modeler. 2. In the Import Data menu, choose Import Model from BPC. 3. In the Import Model from BPC dialog, choose a BPC System from the list of connections. You can create a new connection on the fly by selecting New Connection and following the instructions in Creating a Connection. 4. If required, enter a user name and password in the Credentials dialog, and choose OK. 5. Select an Environment and then select a Model. 6. Enter a name for the new model and a description (optional). 7. If the model is to be read only, choose Read only (SAP Business Planning and Consolidation owned). 8. To map source data to the new model structure, choose Edit Mapping. 9. In the Mapping dialog, complete the mapping matrix as follows: a. To set a filter, choose the filter icon for a source column to open the filtering dialog, select members to filter, and choose OK. Note You must set filters for version and time data to reduce the amount of data to import. b. In the Dimension Name column, edit the system-generated name of the new dimension, if required. c. Select a type for the dimension from the Dimension Type list. d. When you have completed the mapping, choose Map Data. 10. In the Import Model from BPC dialog, choose Import. The new model opens in the Modeler interface. 11. Save your model About Importing Data from BPC You can populate models by importing data from SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC). The workflow to import a model from BPC is: 1. Specify source model information. 2. Provide target model information. 3. Map source data to the existing model structure. Specifying Source Model Information You first need to select the connection to the BPC system. This can be an existing connection or one that you create on the fly during the import. For more information on creating connections, see the Connections section of the user help. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 53

54 Next, you must specify the environment, which is a set of models, and from this set, select the model to be imported. (In BPC terms, a model is a cube and the cube is the object of the import.) Providing Target Model Information You select the target model from a list of existing models. You must specify whether the model is Planning Enabled. For a planning model, you can use the version management functionality and create versions such as Actuals or Forecast versions. Planning models must also have a Time dimension. Models that are not planning enabled (analytics models), do not require a Time dimension, and the version management functionality is not available to them. You must also specify whether the model is to be read-only. If you set a model to read-only, you cannot edit it in the application, so it is still owned by BPC. Mapping Source Data You have to specify how any existing data in the model is to be treated by choosing from the following import options: Clean & Replace Replace Append Deletes the existing data and adds new entries to the target model. Updates the existing data and adds new entries to the target model. Keeps the existing data as is and adds new entries to the target model. You create mappings between the source data and the existing model dimensions in the mapping matrix, which is set out in the following columns: Column from Source: This column lists the columns in the source model. Filter Value: You can set a filter for each column to control how much data is imported. Because model data from BPC data can be very large, you must set filters for time and version data. Dimension Name: This column contains the names of the dimensions for the new model that the source columns are mapped to. Dimension Type: This column contains the type for each dimension. The system automatically suggests a type for some dimensions, but you can change or set the type by choosing one of the following options from the list: Account: This dimension represents the accounts structure of your organization. You can have only one dimension of this type per model. Generic: Any kind of business dimension that is not an organizational one. This can include products, channels, or sales representatives. You can add multiple dimensions of this type to a model. Organization: This dimension represents the business units that drive your business. Depending on your organization, these could be operating units, geographic entities, cost centers, and so on. You can have only one dimension of this type per model. Time: Specifies the smallest time period to be applied to the model. You can use year, quarter, month, or day. It is created automatically when you create a model. Version: This is for the Category dimension SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

55 Once the mapping is complete, you can start the import. When the import is complete, you can open the model to check the model structure. At this point, you can add more dimensions to the model. If you add more dimensions, you should set a default member for data import Importing Data from BPC To populate models by uploading data from SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC), you have to map the import data to the corresponding dimensions in the model and decide how existing data should be treated. Prerequisites A connection to an SAP Business Planning and Consolidation system is in place. SAP HANA Cloud connector is available. Procedure 1. In the main menu, select Modeler. 2. In the Import data menu, select Import Model from BPC. 3. In the Import Model from BPC dialog, select a BPC System from the list of connections. You can create a new connection on the fly by selecting New Connection and following the instructions in New BPC Connection. 4. If required, enter a user name and password in the Credential dialog, and choose OK. 5. Select an Environment and then select a Model. 6. Enter a name for the new model and a description (optional). 7. If the model is to be read only, select Read only (SAP Business Planning and Consolidation owned). 8. To map source data to the new model structure, choose Maintain Mapping. 9. In the Mapping dialog, complete the mapping matrix as follows: a. Select an Import Method. b. To set a filter, choose the filter icon for a source column to open the filtering dialog, select members to filter, and choose OK. Note You must set filters for version and time data to reduce the amount of data to import. c. In the Dimension Name column, edit the system-generated name of the new dimension, if required. d. Select a type for the dimension from the Dimension Type list. e. When you have completed the mapping, choose Map Data. 10. In the Import Model from BPC dialog, choose Import. 11. Save your model. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 55

56 Related Information Data Import [page 40] Creating a Model from HANA This Data Import option allows you to connect to the underlying HANA database to import database views and create a new model. Using this option, you can select a view in the HANA database (an analytic or a calculation-type view) and create a new analytic-type model. A new model is created for each view selected, and an initial report is created for each model at the same time. A view can only be imported once to re-import the view, delete the existing model from the list page and then start the import process. The analytics-type model that is created has only a single Accounts dimension, which accumulates values into a high-level total. Other dimensions in the view are not immediately visible in Modeler, but they are visible in the initial report. For this kind of model, Version Management functionality is available; you can use this to map any of the imported dimensions and values to selected versions (categories: Actual, Planning, Forecast, and so on). The mapped values are displayed in the report. When you select the Import Model From HANA option (Import menu on toolbar), the views that are available for import in HANA are listed in the Select Views dialog. They are arranged in a hierarchical structure; navigate to the view (or branch) you want and then select OK to continue. A message is displayed to confirm that the Model was created. You can immediately open the initial report for the model, or you can modify the model, by for example, adding formulas. Version Management Select the Version Management icon (signposts) on the toolbar. The dimensions in the HANA data source are listed in two drop-down lists. The fields for the selected dimension are listed beneath so that you can select a category to apply to each value. The following example shows the account measure in Modeler and the Version Information mapping dialog. In this example, showing a hardware usage model, all values from the Item dimension (Memory, Disk, CPU not visible in Modeler) have been set to Planning SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

57 In the report that is generated from the model, the Version Category Planning is appended in brackets to each label (column B): Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 57

58 3.6.6 Creating a Model from a Remote System Use this option of the Modeler Import Data menu to automatically create a new analytic-type model from a data source in a connected remote system. Prerequisites For this option a connection to a remote system is required. The system administrator will create remote connections using the System Administration menu option of SAP Cloud for Analytics. Access to remote systems is usually secured by user id and password. Procedure 1. Choose Create Model from Remote System from the Import Data menu. 2. In the dialog which is displayed, select the System you want to connect to from the drop-down list. You will be prompted to enter the user id and password to access the selected system. 3. Select the Data Source. The list of views may be very long and a Search feature is available to help you locate the source you are looking for. 4. Enter the Name and Description for the new model and click OK to start creating the new model. Results A confirmation message is displayed that the model has been created. The new model is immediately available in the model list and the initial report for the model is also automatically created at the same time. Related Information Remote System Connectivity [page 188] 3.7 Data Export You can update a model in the application and then export it to a target model in a SAP Business Planning and Consolidation (BPC) system. The application supports export to a BPC system for the following: SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

59 SAP Business Planning and Consolidation 10.0, version for Microsoft Platform (BPC for Microsoft) SAP Business Planning and Consolidation 10.1, version for Microsoft Platform SAP Business Planning and Consolidation 10.0, version for SAP NetWeaver (BPC for NW) SAP Business Planning and Consolidation 10.1, version for SAP NetWeaver This means, for example, that you could import a model from BPC, perform planning activities and updates on the model, and then export the planning data back to the original model in BPC. As for import, in order to export to BPC, the system must be set up correctly to connect to BPC, and you must create connections using the Connections functionality. For more information, see Explore Connections. The workflow for an export is also very similar to that of an import: 1. Specify source model information. 2. Provide target model information. 3. Map source data to the target model structure. Specifying Source Model Information You select the source model from a list of existing models. Providing Target Model Information You first need to select the connection to the BPC system. This can be an existing connection or one that you create on the fly during the export. For more information on creating connections, see the Connections section of the user help. You must specify the environment and then select the model to be imported. In the case of an export, this information is pre-selected based on the environment and model used when the source model was imported. Mapping Data You map the source model data to the target model data in the mapping dialog. The mapping matrix is set out in the following columns: Source Dimension: This column lists the dimensions in the source model. Filter: You can set a filter for each column to control how much data is exported. Filters for time and version data are mandatory. Target Dimension: In this column, you can select the target BPC dimensions to map to the source dimensions. Matches are automatically suggested by the system, but you can change them. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 59

60 Related Information Connections [page 186] 3.8 Creating Points of Interest Points of interest are sets of geographical data that can be added to a geo map and analyzed with reference to business data from a model. You add them in the Modeler. Points of interest can show the following: Locations, such as store locations or event sites. Lines, such as rivers, highways, or pipelines. Shapes, such as sales regions or electoral districts. You can use this data in a geo map by adding it as a point of interest layer in the map, or by creating a Map Filter to filter locations within a certain distance of one of the points of interest. Point of interest data can be added from an Esri shapefile or from an SAP HANA analytic model with a geographical dimension. You can view and maintain point of interest data in the Modeler page. Select the Point of Interest tab to view them. From this page, you can add or search points of interest, enable or disable point of interest data for use in stories using the Data Enabled switch, or select points of interest to delete. Related Information Analyzing Geographical Data [page 146] Creating Point of Interest Data from an Esri Shapefile Follow these steps to create point of interest data by uploading an Esri shapefile. Procedure 1. From the main menu, choose Modeler and then select the Point of Interest tab. 2. Select the + icon to add a new point of interest. 3. Select From File. 4. Select the files to upload SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Modeler

61 You must select the SHP and DBF files from the shapefile. As well, both files must have the same name, for example, sales_regions.shp and sales_regions.dbf. 5. In the Name of data field, type a name to identify the point of interest data. 6. Choose the spatial reference system that the data in the shapefile uses. For more information on spatial reference systems, see the SAP HANA Spatial Reference available on the SAP Help Portal at help.sap.com. 7. From the Tooltip list, select a field to provide the tooltip text for each point of interest. 8. Set the Enable on creation switch on or off. The data can be used in geo charts when this setting is turned on. You can change the setting in the main Point of Interest page. 9. Select Create Creating Point of Interest Data from a Model Follow these steps to create point of interest data from an SAP HANA analytic or planning model. Prerequisites You must have access to an SAP HANA analytic or planning model with a dimension that has been geographically enriched. Procedure 1. From the main menu, choose Modeler and then select the Point of Interest tab. 2. Select the + icon to add a new point of interest. 3. Select From Model. 4. In the Name of data field, type a name to identify the point of interest data. 5. Select the source model in the From model list. 6. From the Geo Dimension list, select the dimension that contains the point of interest data. 7. From the Tooltip list, select a field to provide the tooltip text for each point of interest. 8. Set the Enable on creation switch on or off. The data can be used in geo charts when this setting is turned on. You can change the setting in the main Point of Interest page. 9. Select Create. Modeler 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 61

62 4 Reports A report is an organized presentation of data, comprising multidimensional data views of different types such as charts, grids, and text-based summaries, for the purpose of analysis, reporting, and planning. You create reports from model data in the Reports area. In Reports, you can do the following: Task More Information Manage reports Reports Management [page 62] Create report components Report Sheets [page 68] Set the display currency Currencies in Reports [page 73] Manage versions Explore Version Management [page 81] Ask for input About Ask for Input [page 75] Create charts Explore Visualizations [page 92] Define Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Explore KPIs [page 97] Manage KPIs Details Panel [page 97] Add reports to discussions Collaboration [page 154] You can control who sees your reports by using the following privacy settings: Private: Private reports can be viewed only by their creators. Public: A public report can be viewed by any user. Note Although these two settings are the most important access settings for reports, other settings also influence who can access a report. For more information, see the Files [page 150] and Users [page 165] sections. 4.1 Reports Management You can manage reports in the first page of the Reports area. Here you can open, create, edit, and delete reports. The page can display your reports, all reports, or those reports shared with you. Toggle the display by choosing the appropriate option in the tab bar. To create a report, choose (Add). Then provide a name and an optional description and choose Create. Tip For every new model, an initial report is created with the same name as the model. To create a report based on that model, open the initial report and then save it under another name SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

63 4.1.1 Editing or Deleting Reports Select the checkbox for a report and then choose (Edit) or (Delete) to change or remove the report. If you cannot select the checkbox, you may not have the necessary update or delete permissions Searching for Reports To locate a report, start typing in the Search field. As you type, the system proposes matches from the list of reports. Select a match to open the report. To delete the search term and start over, choose (X) (Cancel). 4.2 The Designer Panel Use the Designer panel to build views and summaries. If the report sheet is a view, the Designer panel has a Dimensions tab and a Layouts tab. If the report sheet is a summary, the Designer panel has Format and Filter tabs. To build a view, start in Dimensions. Place dimensions on the axes of the grid by dragging items from the Dimension list to either the Row or Column lists. You can then expand and collapse hierarchies in the grid to adjust the view. You can also apply filters and display attributes. In addition, you can change cell values and edit the formulas for calculated accounts. To choose a predefined layout for your report, use the Layout tab. Layout choices include Forecast and Rolling Forecast. Related Information Formatting in the Designer Panel [page 64] Choosing a Layout [page 64] Creating a Simple Report View [page 66] Adding Attributes to a Report Sheet [page 68] Filtering Dimension Members in a Report Sheet [page 69] The Grid Formula Bar [page 83] Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 63

64 4.2.1 Formatting in the Designer Panel When the current report sheet is a summary, the Format tab of the Designer panel offers a number of options that allow you to format cells and cell text, to create styles, and to enable cells for input. The options in the Format tab are as follows: Font: Use to set font size, type, and color. You can specify a format such as bold or underline, and you can set the horizontal alignment for text. Cell: Use to merge and split cells, select a fill color for a cell, or delete or add rows and columns to a summary grid. Style: Use the Style option to define a custom style to apply to cells. Input: Switch this option on or off to enable data input for a cell Choosing a Layout Use the Layout tab to choose a predefined layout for a report, or for a dynamic table in a story. You can choose from the following layouts: Classic Forecast Rolling Forecast Allocation Processes Pool Mapping Forecast or Rolling Forecast To use the Forecast or Rolling Forecast layouts, follow these steps: 1. Choose your layout type. 2. Filter for the required version. Once you set the filter, the report layout will change to the chosen format. The layout reflects the time granularity of the model. So if the granularity is months, the layout has 12 columns for the months of the year. If the granularity is quarters, the layout has columns for each quarter. 3. Set the cut over date for the report in the view preferences. You set a cut over date to distinguish between Actuals and Forecast data in the report. The current date is used by default. For more information, see Setting the Cut Over Date [page 74]. The forecast or rolling forecast report will now reflect the cut over date. Example Suppose you choose a Forecast layout for the year 2015 and the current date is March If you choose the current date as the cut over date, the forecast layout shows January to March as Actuals data, and April to December as Forecast data SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

65 When you return to the Dimensions tab, you will see that the Time dimension is on Columns, and that you can no longer filter on the Time and Category (Version) dimensions. Allocation Processes The Allocation Processes layout shows the source and target dimensions for the allocation step that you select. To show this layout, the model must meet the requirements for allocations. For more information, see Allocation Models [page 102]. To set this layout, select Allocation Processes. You can change the allocation step using Select Allocation Step, which appears when you hover over Allocation Processes. Select the name of the allocation process to choose a new process, and then select one of the steps listed below the name of the process. Pool Mapping The Pool Mapping layout helps you map accounts and dimensions to pools. For this layout, the model must include a pool dimension. For more information, see Creating Pools for Structured Allocation [page 112]. 4.3 Getting Started with Reports Once you have opened a report, you can start to build it by adding sheets either views or summaries. To get started, from the tab bar choose + (Add), and select either Add Summary or Add View. Alternatively, open the (Preferences) menu and use the Maintain options to create views and summaries. Remember If this is an initial report, it shares the name of a model for which it was created. You must save it under a new name to keep any changes. The Reports window contains many features that allow you to perform various tasks related to reports and charts, such as the following: Table 11: Report Task More Information Create reports consisting of views and summaries Report Sheets [page 68] The Designer Panel [page 63] Views [page 72] Summaries [page 71] Create and edit versions of data for reports Explore Version Management [page 81] Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 65

66 Report Task More Information Collaborate on reports with colleagues Collaboration for Reports [page 91] Create visualizations of reports Visualize [page 91] Define KPIs for reports Explore KPIs [page 97] Creating a Simple Report View Create a simple view in a report to add model dimensions to the axes of a data grid. Context You have created a model and populated it with data. You can now add a report that includes model dimensions. When you create a new model, an initial report is created that has the same name as the model. Procedure 1. To access the Reports page, open the Main Menu and choose Reports. The initial Reports page lists the available reports. 2. Locate and open the initial report for the model. You can use the Search feature to find a report. You can also refresh the list using the Refresh icon. The report opens to display the Designer panel on the left and the data grid on the right. By default, the first view of the report has the same name as the model, and it is displayed above the Designer panel. In the initial view, the Account dimension is on the first row axis of the grid, and the Time dimension and Measures are in the column axes. You can change this as you build your own report. Tip You can toggle the Designer panel on and off with the Designer icon on the top right above the grid. 3. You must rename the report before you can save it, so choose Save As. 4. In the Save Report dialog, specify whether the report will be Public or Private, enter a new name and (optional) description for your report, and then choose OK. 5. To create your first view, you can rename the initial view: a. Open the (Preferences) menu and choose Maintain Views. b. Select the default view name and type over the highlighted text to rename the view, and then choose Save. To add another view other than the default, choose + (Add), and then rename the view. The new name is now displayed above the Designer panel SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

67 6. To create the report view, in the Dimensions tab of the Designer panel, drag and drop dimensions from the Dimension list to either the Row or Column lists. 7. If required, apply filters or display attributes for your chosen dimensions. You can also edit formulas defined to calculate accounts from other accounts, or define Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). 8. Save the report. Related Information Filtering Dimension Members in a Report Sheet [page 69] Adding Attributes to a Report Sheet [page 68] Explore KPIs [page 97] 4.4 Point of View In Reports, the Point of View feature lets you see at the glance all the filters set up on a view and apply additional filters of your own. If you have the necessary permissions to create and edit reports, you can set up filters for dimensions in the Designer panel or in Point of View. Point of View is useful because once you choose Point of View, all the current selections of dimensions and members for a report are displayed above the grid. for example: Time: 2015, Version: Actuals, Account: Operating Income, Products: All Products. If a dimension member is a highlighted in a different color (blue), you can choose it to open a dialog that provides more details. To set up a filter, you choose the filter icon alongside the dimension and continue as for setting up filters in the Designer panel. Once you set a filter, the filter icon changes color. If you do not have permissions to create or modify a report, the Designer panel is not available when you open the report. Choosing Point of View displays the filters that the report designer has set up on a view. You cannot alter the filters set by the report designer. However, you can set additional filters for those dimensions that are not yet filtered. A filter icon is displayed for those dimensions that you can filter. Choose the icon to access the filtering set up. Unlike the report designer, you cannot save your filter settings if you do not have the necessary permissions. Related Information Filtering Dimension Members in a Report Sheet [page 69] About Filters in Report Sheets [page 69] Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 67

68 4.5 Report Sheets Reports are made up of sheets. A report sheet can be a view or a summary. View: A view is a data grid in which you work with the model data. Model dimensions are placed on the grid axes and the values for the model measures and account members are displayed in the grid cells. In a view, you can do the following: View and edit formulas for calculated accounts Filter dimension members Display member attributes Apply the Copy function Define Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Create charts Note In an initial report the report created by the system when a model is first created the first view is created by default. It has the same name as the initial report and the model it is based on. Summaries: A summary is a report component that contains text with numerous formatting options, including the following: Font size and color Typeface options such as bold, underline, and strikethrough Merged and split cells Cell fill color A summary can also include cell references. You could use a summary, for example, to present the insights and findings gathered from the report sheets Adding Attributes to a Report Sheet The Designer panel allows you to include the attributes of dimension members in report sheets. Context An attribute is a predefined characteristic or property of a member of a dimension, such as a ParentID, an account type, an owner, or a product category. It can be useful to display these attributes in grids. Procedure 1. In the Designer panel, locate the dimension for which you want to display attributes and choose the Manage Attributes icon (the label icon) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

69 2. In the Set Visible Attributes dialog, select the attributes to be displayed and choose OK. If you want to remove attributes from the grid, deselect the attributes and choose OK. Members of the relevant dimensions display the values of the selected attributes. 4.6 About Filters in Report Sheets A filter is set of criteria which, when applied to a report sheet, restricts the information displayed to a subset of the data in a model. In the Reports page, you set up filters in the Designer panel. You can set the following filters: Member filters: You can filter for single or multiple members of a dimension. Booked data only: Choose Booked data only to display only those cells that contain data. For example, if you add a new time period to a model and you do not assign any data to it, these cells do not display if the Booked data only filter is ON. Dynamic Time Filter: This is available for the Time dimension only. If you turn the Dynamic Time Filter filter ON in the filter dialog, all selected members of the Time period are displayed with their time scope compared to the current system time. For example, 2014 (last year) or January (6 months ago). Top N: You can choose to filter on the topmost or bottommost ranked members of an account. For example, you can filter for the three highest-earning sales departments in your organizations. Related Information Filtering Dimension Members in a Report Sheet [page 69] Setting a Top N Filter [page 70] Filtering Dimension Members in a Report Sheet In the Designer panel, you can control which dimension members are displayed in a grid by applying a filter. Procedure 1. In the Designer panel, locate the dimension to which you want to apply the filter and choose (Filter). 2. From the drop-down menu, select By Member. The Set Filter dialog lists the available members on the left and the members currently displayed in the grid on the right. 3. If required, set the Unbooked filter to OFF. This ensures that only cells that contain data are displayed in the report grid. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 69

70 4. For a Time dimension, set the Dynamic Time Filter filter to ON. Any Time members you select will be compared to the current time and they will be labeled accordingly in the Selected Members list. 5. To set up a member filter, select or deselect members in the Available Members list and click OK. You can display members in their hierarchies (ParentID) or in a non-hierarchical list (Flat View). You can also view both the IDs and descriptions for members or just their IDs or descriptions on their own. 6. To remove a filter, choose (Delete); this will delete the specific member from the Selected Members list. To remove the entire filter, choose Delete All. 7. Choose OK. The filter is applied to the grid Setting a Top N Filter You can filter a dimension for a specified number of the lowest or highest ranked members of an account. Procedure 1. In the view grid, select the column to which you want to apply the Top N filter. 2. In the toolbar, choose (Top N filter). 3. In the Create Top N dialog, select one of the following for the Mode option: Top Bottom 4. Select an account from the list, and enter a value to specify the number of top or bottom account members to filter for. 5. Choose Create to apply the filter. The filter is applied to the grid. When you select the triangle icon in the column heading, a dialog displays the details of the Top N filter. Hovering over the filter details also displays the (Edit) and (Delete) options for that filter SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

71 4.7 Report Preferences Menu Use the options in the report Preferences menu to maintain views and summaries. Related Information Summaries [page 71] Views [page 72] Summaries A summary is a report sheet that includes numbers referenced from cells on a view, and text or numbers that can be directly added to the summary sheet. All cells in a summary can be formatted for font type, style and size, font color, background color, and horizontal text alignment. You manage summaries in the Maintain Summaries dialog. In this dialog, you can do the following: Create and delete summaries. Show and hide summaries. Related Information Creating a New Summary [page 71] Report Sheets [page 68] Formatting in the Designer Panel [page 64] Creating a New Summary You can add a new summary to a report in a short series of steps. You can create a new summary in two ways: Via the New (the plus sign) icon in the bar on the top left: 1. Choose Add Summary. 2. In the dialog, enter a name for the new summary. 3. Confirm your settings. Via the Maintain Summaries option in the Preferences menu: 1. Access the Create and Manage Summaries dialog. 2. Choose the option to create a new summary. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 71

72 3. Replace the default name with a more meaningful one, if required. 4. Indicate whether to show or hide the summary. 5. Confirm your settings. Note The name of the new sheet appears in the bar above the grid. Summaries are always added to the left of the dividing line and views are added to the right. Once you have created the summary, you can adjust the formatting of cells and cell text in the Format tab of the Designer panel. You can also create a summary from a view by using the Create Summary from View feature. This copies the grid layout and cell references from a view to a new summary Views A view is report sheet that contains a view of model data. You manage views in the Maintain Views dialog. In this dialog, you can do the following: Create and delete views. Show and hide views. Creating a new view in Maintain Views dialog 1. Choose (Add). 2. Replace the default name with a more meaningful one. 3. Choose the model on which to base the view. 4. Indicate whether to show or hide the view. 5. Save your settings. Related Information Creating a New View [page 73] Report Sheets [page 68] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

73 Creating a New View You can add a new view to a report in a short series of steps. Context Note The name of the new sheet appears in the bar above the grid. Summaries are always added to the left of the dividing line and views are added to the right. Procedure 1. From the (New) option, choose Add View. 2. Enter a name for the new view. 3. Select a model on which to base the view. 4. Confirm your settings About View Preferences In View Preferences, you can set the currency or variables for a report. You can also specify the cut over date for a Forecast or Rolling Forecast layout. Related Information Currencies in Reports [page 73] Setting the Cut Over Date [page 74] Currencies in Reports You can set the display currency for a report in a few short steps. 1. Access the Set Display Currency dialog window: 1. Open the Maintain Views dialog. 2. Open the View Preferences menu. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 73

74 3. Select Set Currency. 2. Choose a currency for example, U.S dollars. 3. Choose the date from which your settings are effective. 4. Confirm your settings. Once you set the currency, data stored in the model in various currencies will be translated on-the-fly to the chosen target currency. The system will look up the currency rates for the specified date. Note All models are currency enabled. See the section on modeling for more information. A currency-enabled model also has a default currency defined that is used as a target currency if the user of the report view does not select a different target currency. When a user creates a private version, this version will hold the data in the current target currency. Currency translation is not applied to private versions. When a private version is published, the data is calculated back to the storage currency of each organization Setting the Cut Over Date You set the cut over date for a Forecast or Rolling Forecast layout to distinguish between actual and forecast data in your report. Context After you have selected a Forecast or Rolling Forecast layout and filtered for the appropriate version, you want to set a cut over date for your layout. Procedure 1. Open the Preferences menu (the wrench icon) in the Reports tab bar, and select Maintain Views. 2. In the Maintain Views dialog, open the Preferences menu (the wrench icon) and select Set Cut Over Date. 3. In the Set Cut Over Date dialog, choose from the following: Specific Date: Enter a date in the format MMM D(D), YYYY for example, Apr 25, 2015 or May 4, 2016 or select a date from the calendar. Current Date: This is the default choice. Last Booked Actuals: This means the latest date of data entered for the Actuals versions. Generally, you cannot enter a cut over date later than the current date. However, if you have selected the Last Booked Actuals option and the data in your model is for a later date than the current date, an exception is made and the cut over date is set for future. 4. Choose Set SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

75 Setting Variables If a model is created from HANA view, you may need to set variables for a report to make the view return data. Context In HANA, a variable defines a filter on an attribute of the view. It is an instruction to the consumer of the view in this case, the planning or analytic application to filter certain columns. A variable can be, for example, a filter, a factor, or a calculation. Some variables have default values, which means the HANA view returns values even if the variable is not set. Other variables do not, so you will need to set the variable before the view returns data. The application detects whether variables must be set when you create a view, and displays the Set Variables dialog, but you can also set variables via the View Preferences menu. Procedure 1. Choose the Preferences icon (the wrench icon) in the Reports tab bar. 2. Select Maintain Views in the menu. 3. In the Maintain Views dialog, choose the Preferences icon, and select Set Variables in the menu. 4. In the Set Variables dialog, enter values for the variables, and choose Set. 4.8 About Ask for Input Using reports, you can create an Input task, in which you create an input form in which colleagues are requested, via the Task functionality, to provide data. Prerequisites: The model must have a dimension of type Organization, which is set up with regions/departments and the person responsible for them. You must create a private version of the report data for which you create the input task. In the private version, you must build a view from which you will create summary. This summary is converted to an input form when you create the Input task. The numbered steps in the following illustration show the workflow in the Ask for Input procedure. Click the hotspots (or the corresponding link beneath the graphic) to jump to the relevant document section. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 75

76 Explore Version Management [page 81] Converting a View to a Summary [page 76] Formatting in the Designer Panel [page 64] The Create Input Task Feature [page 77] Creating an Input Task [page 78] Accepting an Input Task [page 79] Completing an Input Task (Assignee) [page 80] Completing an Input Task (Approver) [page 80] Completing an Input Task (Approver) [page 80] Converting a View to a Summary Use the Create Summary from View command to convert a view into a summary. The summaries can be converted to input forms to gather data from colleagues in an Input task if they meet the required criteria. Prerequisites You have created a view in Reports. If you want to use the summary to create an input task, ensure the following: The model has a dimension of type Organization SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

77 The Organization dimension is free that is, not assigned to any axis. The view contains only one version: a private version that you created for this purpose. Procedure 1. In the view, choose Create Summary from View. 2. In the Create Summary from View dialog, enter a summary name, and choose OK. Results The new summary opens The Create Input Task Feature In Reports, you can use the Create Input Task feature to create a task for which the assignees must enter data in an input form created from the current summary. When you open a summary and choose Create Input Task, the following occurs: The current summary is converted to an input form; the name remains the same. Once the form is created, the summary is no longer available in the report. The input form is available in Files, indicated by the input form icon, and is linked to the input task that you created. The task functionality is launched, and you are prompted to create an input task. You can assign the task to the persons responsible for the various organizational regions or departments, as set up in the organizational dimension. The new input form is linked to the task and approvers and assignees can access it via the Task panel. You can link additional content to the input task and can set up task reminders as you would for any other task. Note Because of a restriction in the current release of SAP Cloud for Analytics the person who creates the Input Task cannot also be included as an assignee. If you do assign the creator as an assignee, no warning message is displayed but the process will fail. This restriction will be addressed in future releases. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 77

78 4.8.3 Creating an Input Task Create an input task to gather data from colleagues, using a report summary as the template for the input form. Context You have created a summary from a view in Reports. Now you want to create an input task and convert the summary to an input form. Procedure 1. In the summary window, choose Create Input Task. The Create Input Task dialog opens. The Links section of the dialog already includes a link to an input form with the same name as the summary. 2. In the dialog, enter a name for the task and a description (optional). 3. Choose the calendar icon to select a due date. 4. To assign the task, choose Select Assignees. The Select Assignees from Organization dialog lists the available organizational areas, along with the persons responsible for them. 5. In the selection dialog, select the areas for which you want to gather data. The information task will be assigned to the users listed as Responsible for the areas you select. Note that the person who creates the Input Task cannot also be included as an assignee. 6. Choose Create to make the assignments and return to the task dialog. 7. In the Links section, if you want to add links to additional business content: a. Choose the Add Link icon (the plus sign). b. Enter a search term in the search box and select content from the suggested matches. 8. To create a reminder for the task: a. Choose Add Reminder (the plus sign). b. In the Set Reminder dialog, specify how many days before the due date the reminder is to be sent. c. Indicate whether to include the assignee's manager in the reminder. d. Specify whether to send an reminder in addition to a notification in the application. e. Choose Set to confirm the reminder settings. 9. Choose Create to create the input task. Results The newly created input form opens. The panel on the left contains the task details. You can see you are set as the Approver for the task, and you can expand Assignees & Status to view the status of the task SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

79 4.8.4 Accepting an Input Task When you are assigned an input task, you need to accept it before you can enter data in the input form. Context You have been assigned an input task. You've received a notification and can see the task in your event calendar. Procedure 1. To access the task panel, you can: Open Notifications and choose the task. Choose Main Events and select the task in your Events calendar. The panel for the input task appears on the right of the Events window. You can open the input form via the link in the Links section, but at this point you cannot enter any data. 2. In the task panel, choose Accept. Results You can now enter data in the input form. You can also see a Source Data section in the task in which you can show or hide the original source data. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 79

80 4.8.5 Completing an Input Task (Assignee) When you have completed an input form assigned to you, choose Done in the task panel to complete the task and submit your input for approval Completing an Input Task (Approver) Once assignees have completed their input forms, you must review and approve their input to complete the task. Context An assignee has completed an input task. You receive a notification that you need to approve the input. Procedure 1. To access the input task panel, you can: Open Notifications and choose the notification that approval is requested for. Open the task panel from the Events calendar and check Assignees & Status to see which input needs approval. 2. In the task panel, open the input form from the Links section. 3. To view the input from an assignee: a. Expand Assignees & Status and locate the assignee. b. Ensure Show Data is selected. c. Choose the Assignee or Creator options to toggle between the assignee's input and your original data. 4. You can see the status for the assignee changes to Complete. 5. Once you have approved the input for all assignees, choose Complete to finalize the task. Results You are returned to the Reports window, where the completed input form is now available as a summary SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

81 4.9 Explore Version Management The Version Management feature in Reports allows you to create and copy different versions of data and control who sees them. In Reports, a category is a type of data relating to a specific reporting process. The delivered categories are as follows: Actual Budget Plan Forecast Rolling Forecast A version is a set of data implied by one or more assumptions within a category. A category can contain multiple versions, based on different assumptions. For example, category Budget can contain an Optimistic version and a Baseline version, and so on. Using Version Management, you can create versions within the given categories. Note The Actual category can contain only one version, named Actuals. To control who can access a version, you make them private, public, or shared: Public versions are stored in the cube (the raw model data in the database). Access to this data is controlled by cube and data privileges, but other than that, the data is visible to all users. Private versions are only visible to the creator or owner of the model. You use these versions to change or simulate plan values without making this visible to anyone else. When you publish a private version, it gets promoted to a public version and the private version is dropped. You can decide to share such a version with peers. Shared versions are private versions of the owner who explicitly shares the version with one or more peers. Public, private, and shared versions are combined in one data view on a model. You can filter on a subset of these versions for display. Related Information Creating Versions [page 82] Publishing Versions [page 82] Sharing Versions [page 83] Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 81

82 4.9.1 Creating Versions To create a new version, you copy an existing version to a private version. You can then make any required changes to the private version and publish it to make public. Procedure 1. Choose Version Management. The menu lists the categories and the versions available within the categories for this report. 2. Locate the version you want to copy, for example Actuals, and choose Copy. 3. In the Copy to a Private Version dialog, enter a name for the version and choose OK. The new version is added to the grid. It is also available under the Private option in the Version Management menu. You can now adjust the version as required. To publish the version, follow the steps in Publishing Versions. Tip To control which versions are displayed in the grid, filter the Category option in the Designer panel. If you choose to view versions by ID and Description in the filter dialog, you can easily distinguish between public and private versions, and identify their categories. Related Information Publishing Versions [page 82] Sharing Versions [page 83] Publishing Versions You can publish private versions to make them public, or publish edits to a public version. Procedure 1. Choose Version Management. 2. In the menu, locate the version that you want to publish and choose Publish. You can either publish a private version, or publish changes that you have made to a public version. 3. In the Publish Version dialog, you have two choices: Choose Publish as a New Version to create a new public version. Select a category, for example Forecast, enter a name for the new version, and choose OK SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

83 Choose Update an Existing Version to publish your work as an update to a public version. If you are publishing changes to a public version, you can only choose the same version that you edited. Choose the version, and select OK. If you chose to publish a new version, the version is now available under its specified category in the Version Management menu. If you chose to update a version, the version is updated. If you published a private version, it is no longer available in the Version Management menu Sharing Versions You can share a private version of report data by adding it to a discussion on a report. You can choose to make the version read-only, or allow participants to edit it. Context In the Collaboration panel, you open a discussion on the current report. You want to add a version to the discussion. Procedure 1. Choose the New icon (the plus sign) next to the text box at the bottom of the panel, and select Share Report Version. If no private versions are available, the system displays the message: No versions to share. 2. In the Share Versions dialog, select the checkbox for the version that you want to share, and then select either Read Only or Edit in accompanying list. 3. Choose OK. The version is added to the discussion The Grid Formula Bar You can use formulas to calculate values for members of the account dimension. Choose the account and then choose the icon in the formula bar ( or ) to toggle between displaying the text value in a cell and any formula applied to the cell. Note This same functionality is also available in Modeler and you are recommended to maintain existing formulas in Modeler rather than in Reports. Any change made in Reports will directly affect all users of the underlying model. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 83

84 To enter a formula in the selected cell start to type the text of the formula in the formula bar, the system suggests matches from the grid, which you can select to complete the formula. You can use references to other accounts for your calculation and the following arithmetic functions are also available for use with formula: Abs() returns the absolute value of a number (the number without its sign). Average() returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments. Ceil() rounds a number up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Floor() rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Max() returns the biggest number in a set of values. Min() returns the smallest number in a set of values. Rnd() returns an evenly distributed random real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. Round() rounds a number to a specified number of digits. Sum() adds all named arguments. Note that if you divide by an account, it may have a value of zero, which can cause an error. You may want to use an advanced feature, such as conditional calculation, to prevent problems like this; open the Advanced Formula Editor dialog in which you can add more complex operators, functions, and conditions to the formula Advanced Formulas The Advanced Formula dialog contains a number of operators, functions, and conditions that you can use to build complex formulas. You are recommended to maintain existing formulas in Modeler rather than in Reports. Related Information Explore Formulas [page 25] Report Formulas Simple calculations including a range of standard arithmetic functions can be used generally in Modeler and Reports. Additionally, a number of predefined formulas are available in Reports to carry out frequently required complex calculations. This section gives details of the formulas available in Reports and gives a detailed example (based on the timevariance formula) of how the formula are entered. The following formulas are available for use in grids in report views SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

85 Delta Use the delta formula to calculate the difference between two sets of values for an account; for example, the difference between goods sold via online or phone channels, or the difference between actual and forecast costs. Syntax: delta([account member 1], [account member 2]) The parameters can be dimensions, members, or versions. Example delta([net_revenue], 100) Evaluates the result as: [Net_Revenue] delta([2014], [2015]) Calculates the absolute difference between year 2014 and year Variance The variance formula calculates the difference between two account members returning the result of member1 - member2. Syntax: variance([member1], [Member2]) Example variance([public.actual],[public.forecast]) If you enter this formula in an empty column (D) of the report next to the relevant actual and forecast columns (B and C), values will be entered in each row of D calculating the difference between the adjacent values in B and C. Timevariance The timevariance formula calculates the difference between the same accounts for different time periods; for example, the difference in profit for last year and the current year. Syntax: timevariance([time Dimension.Member1], [Time Dimension.Member2]) Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 85

86 This formula cannot be visualized; the visualization and KPI features are not available to a view once you implement the formula. Example timevariance([2014]) If the second parameter is omitted, as in this example, the current year is assumed; this example (in the year 2015) is equivalent to timevariance(2014, 2015). Year-to-date Use YTD to calculate a running total over successive time periods; for example, calculating cumulative costs from month to month over a year. The time period starts from the beginning of the current year (either the calendar year or fiscal year) up to the present day. Syntax: ytd([account member]) To use the ytd formula in a grid, make sure that the Time dimension is on one of the axes, and expand it so that successive time periods are displayed. Position the cursor in the next empty column where the new data will be inserted. Enter the formula and press Enter. The system adds another column with the year-to-date values for each row. Example ytd([2014]) Annualize Use annualize to calculate a projection of a YTD value to a whole year on a monthly or quarterly basis. This formula answers the question, for example: What will my Net Revenue look like, if for the rest of the year the business performs the same way as it did from January to September? Syntax: annualize([dateto], [version]) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

87 Table 12: Parameter dateto Usage The end date of the time frame to be projected to a whole year (to be annualized). Note that this value is a member of the time dimension and should therefore be enclosed in square brackets. The value for this parameter can be up to 6 digits; these are interpreted as follows: The first four digits of this value must be a valid year. The fifth digit represents a quarter: [20132] represents 2013, quarter 2. If 6 digits are present, digits 5 and 6 represent a month of the year: [201502] is February 2015, and [201411] is November version The version the annualization is executed for. Example annualize([201409],[public.actual]) Calculates an annualization based on the values of months January to September of 2014 from version Actual. annualize([20143],[public.forecast]) Calculates an annualization based on the values of quarters 1, 2, and 3 of 2014 from version Forecast. Note If you are working in a summary, you can also use the rounding formula (round). Use rounding to round off a value to a precision that you specify. The syntax is = round (value, precision), where <value> can be text or a cell reference, and <precision> indicates the number of decimal places you want the value to be rounded off to Working With Formula: Timevariance In Reports, you use the timevariance formula in a grid to calculate the difference between data for the same account for different time periods. For example, you can use timevariance to determine how last year's profit compares to this year's. The syntax for the formula is: timevariance([time Dimension.Member1],[Time Dimension.Member2]) To use timevariance in a grid, make sure you place the Time dimension in the first column of the grid. Then expand the Time dimension until you display the time periods that you want to compare. You must expand the dimension until these time periods are displayed because this determines what parameters you can select for the formula. For example, consider a grid in which the general and administrative expenses for are displayed. To find the variance between expenses in 2013 and 2014, you must expand the Time dimension until all the years are displayed. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 87

88 Next, you highlight the next empty cell in the Time dimension row. Ensure that the grid formula bar is active; the formula icon ( ) must be visible. In the formula bar, start typing the name of the formula (timevariance); the system will automatically suggest matches, and you can select timevariance from the list: After you select timevariance, enter an opening parenthesis, and then start entering your parameters, which will be members of the Time dimension. As happened when you entered the formula name, the system will suggest matches and you select the time periods you need from the list of suggestions: In this case, the Time dimension is expanded to the level of years, so only years are available to select as parameters for the formula. In the parameter list, years are represented simply by the 4-digit standard format, for example Depending on the granularity of your model, you may want to calculate the variance between quarters, months, or even days. In the parameter list, these time periods are also represented in a numeric format: the first four digits always represent the relevant year, with further digits representing time periods as follows: 5 digits: The fifth digit represents a quarter, so [20132] represents 2013, Quarter 2. 6 digits: In this case, digits 5 and 6 represent a month of the year, so [201502] is 2015, February, and [201411] is 2014, November SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

89 7 digits represent a week in a year. 8 digits represents a day in a year. Note If you do not choose a second parameter, the system always assumes that the second parameter will be the time period of the same granularity immediately previous to the first parameter. So if you choose 2015, for example, the system calculates the variance between 2015 and In the example, we want to calculate the variance in expenses between the years 2013 and 2014, so those are the years you select. The complete formula is: timevariance([2013],[2014]): When the formula is complete, press Enter to get the results. The system adds a new column to the grid with the calculated results. The new column is always named Variance (Time Dimension Member 1, Time Dimension Member 2)Time Dimension Member1/Time Dimension Member 2, so in the example, the column with the timevariance values is called Variance(2013, 2014) 2013/2014: To remove the formula and its results, place your cursor in any cell for which Variance is displayed in the formula bar, then delete Variance. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 89

90 4.11 Explore Linking Models You can blend models in a report by referencing values from one model in another model. A model link is a single, potentially aggregated, account in the linked model with optional filter conditions on other dimensions. It is specified as a calculated account in the linking model Linking Models Link models in Reports by choosing a matching model and matching the dimensions. Procedure 1. In a report view, choose the Link Matching Dimensions of Different Models icon (the paperclip) on the toolbar. 2. In the linking dialog, choose the Matching Model from the list. You can add more than one matching model by choosing the plus sign (+). Once you choose the model, the system automatically matches the Time, Account, and Category dimensions and displays them under Matching Dimensions. The as yet unmatched dimensions for the Basic and Matching models are listed under the respective model names. 3. To match further dimensions, hold and drag the matching dimensions from each model to the appropriate Mapping column under Matching Dimensions. If you want to remove your manual matches, choose the Clear My Matches option. 4. Choose Link. Results The blended data is displayed in the view grid. In the Designer panel, blended dimensions are indicated by the paperclip icon. Move your mouse over the icon to display a dialog that lists the dimensions from each of the linked models. To edit the model linking, choose the Link Matching Dimensions of Different Models icon again and make your changes in the linking dialog SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

91 4.12 Collaboration for Reports You can add reports and versions to discussions and you can use the Pin to icon to pin a report to the home screen. You can add a report to a discussion by opening the report and choosing the + (plus sign) icon in the Collaboration panel. This creates a new discussion with the title and description set to the name of the report. Select participants and choose OK to save the discussion. If a discussion on a report already exists, you can add a private version to a discussion. For more information, see Sharing Versions. Related Information Sharing Versions [page 83] 4.13 Visualize Use Visualize to create charts from model data. To visualize your data, select the cells of interest and choose Visualize. This opens a visualization pane below the grid, where a chart is rendered. Depending on the data selection, a specific chart type is used. The chart will have a title and subtitle based on the selected account and dimension members and the units and magnitude of the account members. You can edit the title and the subtitle. For variance and variance (non-time) charts, you can also edit the baseline and the reference. For more information, see Editing Visualizations [page 93]. To change the chart type, you can click Change Visualization in the visualization pane to access a list of chart types. Depending on the data selection, specific chart types are available. For more information on chart types, see Explore Visualizations [page 92]. For some chart types, you can page through different values (versions or account members) by choosing the arrows that appear when you move the mouse over the upper/lower or left/right part of the chart. Some chart types require Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to be defined on the underlying cells. This is indicated by requires KPIs after the chart type name in the list. If you select such a chart for cells without KPIs, an error message is displayed that provides a link to create a KPI for your data selection. You can pin a chart to the Home screen or to the Gallery, or copy the chart to an existing story, or one that you create on the fly. Note As long as you do not pin (and thus, persist) the chart, the edited title can change depending on changes in the report. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 91

92 Related Information Explore Visualizations [page 92] Editing Visualizations [page 93] Visualizations and Stories [page 95] Explore Gallery [page 96] Stories [page 119] Explore Visualizations The Visualize feature allows you to create a number of chart types from report data. The specific chart type used as the initial visualization depends on the data selection you make. If your selection includes none or one time dimension member and exactly one version dimension member, a (drill) bar chart is selected. The following also applies: If you selected no other dimensions, you get a (drill) bar chart with multiple bars for the different account members. If you selected exactly one other dimension member, you get a (drill) bar chart in which you can page over the different account members. If you selected exactly two other dimension members, you get a stacked (drill) bar chart. Note Selecting more than two other dimension members is currently not supported. If your selection still includes none or one time dimension member but multiple version dimension members, you get a variance (non-time) chart. Note Selecting more than one other dimension members is currently not supported. If your selection contains multiple time dimension members as well as multiple version members, you get a variance chart. Note Selecting any other dimension member is currently not supported. If your selection contains multiple time dimension members but only one version dimension member, the initial visualization is the following: A (drill) column chart, if you selected no other dimension and only a single account member. A line chart, if you selected no other dimension and multiple account members. A stacked (drill) column chart, if you selected exactly one other dimension member SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

93 Note Selecting more than one other dimension member is currently not supported. Some chart types require Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to be defined on the underlying cells. This is indicated by requires KPIs after the chart type name in the list. If you select such a chart for cells without KPIs, an error message is displayed that provides a link to create a KPI for your data selection. Related Information Editing Visualizations [page 93] Adding Reference Lines [page 93] Table Visualizations [page 95] Editing Visualizations Depending on the chart type, you can change the title and subtitle of a chart, and also the variance type, baseline, and reference (for variance type charts). Procedure 1. To edit a chart, in the visualization pane, choose (Edit Visualization), and then choose Toggle Variance. The Edit Visualization dialog appears. 2. Choose a version for the Baseline or Reference. 3. Choose OK Adding Reference Lines Add meaning and context to a chart by adding a fixed-value reference line, with the option to fill the area above or below the line with color. Prerequisites You can add reference lines only to the following charts: Line Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 93

94 Bar/Column Stacked bar/column Drill bar/column Bullet Context You have created a visualization of the required type, and you want to add a reference line for a fixed value. Procedure 1. In the visualization pane, choose the Edit Visualization icon (the pencil ) and select Add Reference Line in the menu. 2. In the Reference Line dialog, enter a value for Set Fixed Value at. 3. If you want to color the area above or below the reference line, select Fill in Area with Color. 4. Choose either Above or Below, and then select a color in the drop-down menu. 5. Choose OK. Results A dotted line is added to the visualization at the value you entered. If you chose to color the chart, your fill color fills in the chosen area. Removing Reference Lines Procedure 1. To remove all the reference line from a visualization, choose the Edit Visualization icon (the pencil ) and select Delete All Reference Lines in the menu. 2. In the confirmation dialog, choose OK. Results All reference line are removed from the visualization SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

95 Table Visualizations You can create a table visualization from data selected in a report grid. When you select rows and columns in a grid, or even a single grid, you can choose to display the visualization of the selected data in a table format: From the Change Visualization list, choose Table. The data is displayed with row headers at the left and column headers at the top. Some cell contents may not be displayed in the table, or may not be displayed as expected. Cell contents Table behavior Cells that contain an unexpanded hierarchy. Expanded hierarchy that includes an aggregation; this hierarchy is displayed top-down in the grid. Cells that contain a formula. Applying filters using either the Design panel or Point of View. The hierarchy is not expanded in the table. The hierarchy order is inverted; the parent member that contains the aggregation is displayed at the bottom. The formula is not included in the table. If the Automatic Synchronization option is selected, the table is updated the same as any other visualization. You can pin table visualizations to the Gallery, and you can add them to stories just as you do for any other visualization Visualizations and Stories Use the Pin to icon on the visualization pane to copy visualizations to stories. You can copy a visualization to: An existing story. A new story that you create on the fly. Related Information Explore Gallery [page 96] Stories [page 119] Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 95

96 Explore Gallery In Reports, you can bookmark visualizations such as charts and tables by pinning them to a gallery that is specific for each model. You bookmark a visualization using the Pin to Gallery option in the Pin To menu in the Visualize pane. Once you do this, the visualization is added to the gallery of the model on which the current view is based. The bookmarked visualization will now be available wherever you open the gallery for that model, even if it is in a different report or view. To access the gallery, choose the Gallery icon in the Reports tab bar. Doing this opens the sliding Gallery panel, which displays all the bookmarked visualizations for a model, not just those for the current report or view. To work with a visualization in the Gallery pane, select it. A green checkmark indicates the visualization is selected, and then you can: Edit it Pin it Delete it Editing in the Gallery Choose the Edit icon (the pencil) to open the bookmarked visualization in a new view, where you can edit it. The first new view is named Chart1 by default. Successive editing views opened in the same report are named Chart2, Chart3, and so on. If you alter the data values or data selection for the visualization in the new view, the bookmarked visualization is updated when you choose the Synchronize Visualization icon. If you change the visualization type for example, you change a bar chart to a line graph the visualization in the gallery is not updated when you refresh. You must bookmark the new visualization type if you want it in the gallery. Pinning in the Gallery Just as in the Visualize pane, you can use the Pin To options in the Gallery pane to pin bookmarked visualizations to the Home screen. Deleting in the Gallery To delete a bookmarked visualization, choose the Delete icon (the trashcan) in the Gallery pane. The visualization will be removed from the gallery, but not from the view it is in SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

97 Note When you delete the view on which a visualization is based, or even the report to which the view belonged, the visualization is not removed from the gallery for that model. You can still edit and pin the visualization Details Panel Use the Details icon to toggle the Details panel in which you can view and manage the existing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for a report or view the VARIABLES that have been set for the report. The KPIs are listed by name. Choose a KPI to expand it and to view the relevant measure and the management options. Related Information KPI Preview [page 100] 4.15 Explore KPIs A Key Performance Indicator is a type of success measurement. Certain threshold values are defined for measures, specifically, members of the Accounts dimension such as Net Revenue in a Profit and Loss model. You can define Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for accounts in the Reports window. To get started, select a measure in the grid and then choose Configure KPIs. The KPIs you create are evaluated regularly. For each cell whose status worsens, you receive an alert in the Notifications center; you can click the alert to open the respective report view. In addition, for report views the relevant cell is highlighted. Note The cell highlighting only works if all the dimensions used for the KPI definition are still in the view. You can view and manage all the KPIs in the current view of a report in the KPI Preview panel, which you access by choosing KPI Preview. Related Information Defining the KPI Threshold Workflow [page 98] Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 97

98 Editing Options for KPIs [page 100] Changing the KPI Scope [page 99] KPI Preview [page 100] Defining the KPI Threshold Workflow Select a measure in the grid of a view and define a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) in the Edit KPI dialog. Context Once you have accessed the dialog, follow these steps to define KPI intervals and thresholds. Note KPIs over multiple account members and different hierarchy levels are currently not supported. Procedure 1. In the grid, select the measure for which you want to define a KPI. 2. Choose Configure KPIs. The Edit KPI dialog appears. 3. Create the first KPI interval: a. Choose a level: OK, Warning, or Critical. b. Enter the threshold values. You can enter upper and lower threshold values or just one threshold value. c. Choose an appropriate operator: less than (<), or less than or equal to ( ) Use the arrow keys on your keyboard to switch between the two operators. d. (Optional) Enter a name. 4. Repeat step 3 to create the required KPI intervals. 5. Apply Changes The KPI Visualizer The KPI Visualizer provides an interactive visualization that allows you to change the driver accounts for Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and see the corresponding changes in accounts with dependent or related KPIs. Generally, planners maintain a number of KPIs for business accounts. These accounts are often defined as complex hierarchies and formulas. So it can be a time-consuming and complex task to comprehend how changes SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

99 in values in one account affect other accounts and their corresponding KPIs. However, if you use the KPI Visualizer, you can see the impact right away. To access the KPI Visualizer: 1. In a grid, select a cell on which a KPI has been defined. 2. Choose Visualize in the tab bar. 3. In the visualization pane, open the Change Visualization menu, and select KPI Driver. In the resulting visualization, the left-aligned gray nodes represent the drivers that affect the selected KPI cell. The colored nodes distributed on the right represent KPIs. In addition to the KPI of the selected cell, other KPIs that are affected by changes to the drivers of the selected cell are also shown. The following screenshot is a typical KPI Driver visualization: If you move your mouse over the KPI nodes, paths to the KPIs that are driven by this node are highlighted. This helps to prevent any unnecessary or potentially disruptive changes to values of other accounts because changes to drivers of the selected KPI are reflected in all other relevant KPIs. To persist a path, click the relevant node. This is useful when the visualization is large and you need to scroll to follow a highlighted path. If the selected cell is editable, you can change the values for drivers by selecting the driver node and entering a new value, or by using the up/down arrows in the node. To save updated driver values, you can choose the Save KPI State icon in the visualization pane Changing the KPI Scope You can change the scope of a KPI by making a selection that overlaps with that of an existing KPI. Procedure 1. In a view grid, make your selection for the new scope of the KPI. Make sure that it includes the cell used to define the existing KPI. Reports 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 99

100 2. Choose Configure KPIs. The Overlapping Selection dialog appears. It warns you that your selection overlaps with an existing KPI. 3. You can choose to edit the existing KPI or to change the scope of the KPI: To edit the KPI, choose Edit existing KPI and then choose OK. Choose Change scope of existing KPI, and choose OK. Confirm your choice. If you have chosen to change the scope, the new scope is applied to the KPI. The Edit KPI dialog appears. 4. Make any further changes you require and close the dialog Editing Options for KPIs You edit a KPI in the Edit KPI dialog, which you can launch in a number of ways. Table 13: To access Edit KPI In the KPI Preview panel, locate the KPI, choose the Edit (wrench) icon. In a grid, select a cell on which a KPI is defined, choose Configure KPIs. In a grid, make a selection that overlaps with an existing KPI, choose Configure KPIs. More Information Details Panel [page 97] Defining the KPI Threshold Workflow [page 98] Changing the KPI Scope [page 99] KPI Preview Use the Details icon to toggle the Details panel in which you can view and manage the existing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for a report on the KPIs tab. The KPIs are listed by name. Choose a KPI to expand it and to view the relevant measure and the management options. Choosing a KPI also causes the relevant KPI thresholds to be displayed at the bottom of the panel. The management options for a KPI are as follows: Management Option Edit KPI (wrench icon) Delete KPI (trashcan icon) More Information Opens the Edit KPI dialog. Follow the workflow to define KPI thresholds to edit the KPI. Deletes the KPI SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Reports

101 5 Allocations Allocation is the process of splitting values derived from source data into multiple values and storing the values in target data. You can use allocation calculations in planning and in data analysis to gain insights such as the following: Simulated costs, revenue, and profitability. Information for economic decisions, for example product mix, make or buy, or selling price decisions. Motivation for managers and employees, such as encouraging simple manufacturing processes and the sale of products with high profit margins. Justification for costs, such as determining a fair price for a product. Calculation of reimbursement amounts. Measurement of income and assets, such as cost inventories. In the application, you can create allocation processes for planning models and then perform structured allocations. You can also perform ad hoc allocations using the spreading and distribute features. Values are then distributed from the source dimension, which holds the value to be allocated, to one or multiple target dimensions, which receive a portion of the distributed value. Depending on the allocation method you use, you can refine an allocation calculation by adding overwrites, filters on target dimension members, and weightings of various granularities. Once you have applied the allocation and displayed the results in a report view, you can visualize the results using a suitable chart type, such as: Stacked bar Stacked column Icicle Line, bar, or column charts You can perform the following tasks related to allocations: Table 14: Task Create a model that meets the requirements for allocation features. More Information See Allocation Models [page 102]. Assign roles for allocations tasks. See Allocations Role and Permissions [page 102]. Create a pool dimension and map dimensions that you want to allocate. Create a structured allocation process. Pools can help you group costs together. You can then create processes that allocate values from the cost pool to other dimensions. See Mapping Pools and Dimensions [page 113]. Create an allocation process and define steps and rules that determine how values are spread from source dimensions to target dimensions. See Creating an Allocation Step [page 115] and Creating Allocation Rules [page 117]. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 101

102 Task Execute an allocation process on data in a report or dynamic table. Perform ad hoc allocations on reports or dynamic tables. More Information See Executing an Allocation Process [page 118]. To allocate values without using an allocation process, you can spread or distribute a value from a source cell to one or more target cells. See Spreading a Value [page 106] and Distributing a Value [page 109]. 5.1 Allocation Models An allocation model is a planning-enabled model that meets certain criteria. To create an allocation model, you must create a planning-enabled model with the following: An Account dimension. A Category dimension. A Time dimension Allocation does not require a Time dimension, but because allocation models are based on planning models, which require a Time dimension, you must include this in your model. Allocation models can also include a pool dimension, the members of which are pools. In allocations, a pool is a group of accounts serving to express the cost of goods and services allocatable within a business or manufacturing organization. Costs are grouped typically by department or service center. For example, the cost of the maintenance department is accumulated in a cost pool and then allocated to those departments that use its services. For more information on creating planning models and pool dimensions, see the related topics. Related Information Creating Pools for Structured Allocation [page 112] Planning Models and Analytics Models [page 14] Creating Models [page 34] Creating Dimensions [page 37] 5.2 Allocations Role and Permissions Roles in the application that include allocation permissions are the Modeler and Viewer roles. The permissions required for allocations are as follows: Create: To create allocation steps SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

103 Read: The pre-condition to work with allocations, including to see the allocation rules in the user interface. Update: To create, change, and delete allocation rules. Delete: To delete an allocation step. Execute: To execute an allocation step. The permissions required for pool mappings are as follows: Create: To create a pool dimension. Read: The pre-condition to perform the pool mappings, including access to the Pool Mapping layout in Reports and Stories. Update: To change mappings in the Pool Mapping layout. Unlike for models, the permissions for allocations are bound to roles, not individual models. This means that the permissions apply to all allocation steps. To create allocation steps and rules and perform pool mappings, you must have the Modeler role. The relevant permissions in this role are as follows: Table 15: Allocations Permissions for Modeler Permission Create Read Update Delete Execute Share Assign Allocation Step Pool Mapping N/A N/A N/A N/A If you have the Viewer role, you can view and execute allocation steps, but you cannot create steps or perform pool mappings. Table 16: Allocations Permissions for Viewer Permission Create Read Update Share Assign Allocation Step Pool Mapping No No N/A N/A No No No N/A N/A 5.3 Spreading and Distribution Spreading and distribution are ways of allocating values from a single source cell in a report or dynamic table to one or more target cells. These features can help you quickly book new values and adjust existing values in a plan. In spreading operations, the value of the source cell is spread across leaf members that aggregate up to the source cell. You can perform spreading automatically or manually. Distribution is another type of allocation that changes values within a hierarchy by distributing amounts from a source member to leaf members of its siblings. These operations are available when the following conditions are met: The report is based on a planning-enabled model. The source cell is not calculated by a formula. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 103

104 The source cell belongs to a private version. For automatic spreading, the source cell must be an aggregation of at least one dimension, not including account or version. For manual spreading, it must also be a visible dimension. Automatic Spreading Automatic spreading takes place when you enter a value in a blank source cell in a view, and the value is automatically distributed to leaf items for that cell. For each dimension with leaf members, the source value is spread according to the aggregation type that was set up for its account when the model was created. The aggregation type can be one of the following: SUM: The source value is divided equally among the leaf members. For example, if you enter one million in a cell with two leaf members, the leaf members receive 500, 000 each. AVERAGE: Each leaf member receives the same value as the source cell. In this case, the leaf members receive one million each. LAST: The last leaf member receives the same value as the source cell. The second leaf member would receive one million, and the first leaf member would remain unbooked. Note Automatic spreading does not occur for a dimension when the source cell is configured with NONE as the aggregation type. If you spread an account member to its child accounts, the targets may include different account types such as Income and Asset accounts as well as Expense and Liabilities and Equity accounts. In this case, accounts with different aggregation behavior from the source account do not receive values from spreading. For more information on the aggregation types and sign switching, see the Attributes of an Account Dimension section. Note When you change a booked value, its leaf members are adjusted proportionally, based on the existing values. This type of operation is not considered automatic spreading. Manual Spreading If you want to specify values for child members of a booked cell, you can spread the cell s value manually. For the selected source cell, you can set spreading weights for a perspective and level that you choose. Those values are adjusted accordingly. For children at a lower level of the target dimension, or leaf members of a different dimension in the view, automatic spreading is applied SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

105 Distribution While manual spreading allows you to allocate a value to its leaf members, you may also need to change values in a hierarchy by distributing amounts from a source member to its siblings. Distributing values can help you adjust your plan in response to new information such as a change in sales forecasts. Unlike spreading, distribution subtracts value from the source cell to add it to the target cells. Leaf members that aggregate up to the source cell are decreased proportionally, and leaf members of the target cells are increased proportionally. Distribution may also trigger an automatic spreading operation. That is, if you distribute a value to an unbooked sibling member, the value will then be spread to the leaf members of that target cell. Filtering dimension members for spreading When you perform a spreading or distribution operation, you may want to control the number of facts created by automatic spreading. In particular, if your report contains many dimensions or dimensions with many members, you may not want to spread data to all leaf members for each dimension. During spreading or distribution, the source cell determines the members that receive values for the dimensions in the grid other than the target dimension. For dimensions that are not added to the grid, you can apply filters from the Confirm Data Input dialog. The following options are available: Use Point of View: The value is spread to the members that are selected in the filters applied to the view. For example, if you have set a filter for Q4 of 2016 to plan sales revenue for that quarter, values are not spread to members of the Time dimension that are outside that range. Refine Filters: For dimensions that are not added to the grid, you can choose members that will receive values. By default, the current point of view is applied, but you can select dimensions from the list in the Selected filters dialog to refine the members of each dimension that will receive values. For example, you might choose the Time dimension, deselect Q4 2016, and select December 2016 only. Refining the filters already applied by the point of view can change booked values for members that you filter out, because you are spreading the aggregated value of all the dimension s members in the point of view to a smaller subsection of those members. For example, if you refine the filter for time to only December 2016, all of the target members values for Q will be spread to that month only. With sum aggregation, any booked values for the target members in October and November 2016 are reduced to zero. Note For a distribution operation that does not have any unbooked target members, the dialog does not appear because no automatic spreading takes place. Note If too many items are affected by the spreading, a message appears when you select Continue. In this case, you can refine the point of view, or filter out more dimension members in the Selected filters dialog. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 105

106 Related Information Attributes of an Account Dimension [page 21] Example: Spreading a Value [page 107] Spreading a Value Prerequisites To manually spread values, you must have access to a report view based on a planning-enabled model, or a dynamic table based on a planning-enabled model. Procedure 1. In the grid, select a source value that meets the following conditions: The cell is booked. The cell is not calculated by a formula. The cell is an aggregation of at least one visible dimension, not including account or version. 2. Select Allocate values Spreading to manually specify weights for members of a specific dimension and level. The Spreading dialog appears. 3. From the Target Dimension list, select the dimension that you want to specify weights for. Values will be spread automatically to other dimensions, depending on the filters that you apply. The available dimensions include visible dimensions in the grid that aggregate up to the source cell using SUM aggregation. You can t spread along Account or Version dimensions. 4. Set the level where you want to specify weights using the (roll up), (drill down), and (set to leaf level) buttons. When there are multiple target members with the same name, for example, Q1 in a Time dimension, the members are grouped by their parents to distinguish them. Unless you specify weights at the leaf level, values will be assigned to leaf members using automatic spreading. 5. Set the spreading weights for target members. If the target cells have values, those values are listed in the Weights column. You can overwrite the values by typing in new weights, or by selecting (Use values of the selected cells) and picking values from the view. To spread to unbooked cells, switch Show unbooked members on. Note that weights represent proportions, and not the actual value that will be assigned to members. The Preview column shows the final value and percentages for members based on the weights you have entered SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

107 6. Select Apply Spreading. 7. In the Confirm Data Input dialog, choose how to filter the dimension members that will receive values from automatic spreading. For more information on filtering the spreading operation, see Filtering values for spreading and distribution in the Explore spreading and distribution section. 8. If you selected Refine Filters, select one of the dimensions not added to the grid from the Dimension list, and choose the members that will receive values during spreading. Repeat this step for other dimensions as necessary, and then select OK. The source value is spread to the target cells using the weights that you specified. For leaf members of the target cells, and for other dimension members included in the spreading operation, values are spread automatically Example: Spreading a Value The following section is a simple example of how to use automatic and manual spreading. Prerequisites In a report, you have set a filter on the Category dimension so that only the version that you want to work with is visible in the report view. Also, set filters so that only the Unassigned member is included in the point of view for dimensions that are not added to the grid. Context Your company is launching a new product, soccer shoes. You are composing a report on the projected sales of the shoes and want to spread the projected Units Sold figure across the two cost centers in the North America region. You want to weight the distribution of values based on existing figures for the sales of running shoes. You set up a report view, the grid for which is represented by the following table: Table 17: A B C D E F 1 Measures 2 Category 3 Version 4 Cost Center North America > United States Canada Europe > Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 107

108 5 6 Accounts Units Sold Products Footwear 24,200 12,800 11, ,600 7 Tennis Shoes 8,600 4,800 3,800 63,500 8 Running Shoes 15,600 8,000 7, ,300 9 Soccer Shoes ,800 Procedure 1. To enter the projected Units Sold figure, select the appropriate cell for the Soccer Shoes product (C9 in the table) and enter a value. In this case, 29,000. The Confirm Data Input dialog appears. 2. Since you have already filtered out the dimension members that you are not using for this sales projection, choose Use Point of View. Turn the Don't show this dialog again setting on and select Continue. The cell in which you enter the value is highlighted in yellow. The value 29,000 is equally distributed between United States and Canada cost centers. The cells for the cost centers (D9 and E9) are highlighted in yellow and each contain a value of 14,500. The Units Sold total for Footwear, United States, and Canada are also updated and the relevant cells are highlighted too (C6, D6, and E6). 3. You need to adjust the spreading of the Unit Sold value for soccer shoes based on the Unit Sold values for running shoes. To do this, select the Units Sold value (29,000 in cell C9) and choose Allocate values Spreading. The Spreading dialog opens. The suggested spreading destination is the two cost centers, United States and Canada. 4. You want to weight the spreading of the Units Sold value according to the Units Sold values for running shoes. To do this, select the weight for the first United States member, then select cells) and choose cells D8 and E8 in the table. (Use values of the selected The values in the cells are copied to the Weights column. The Preview column shows the adjusted Units Sold values and the percentage they make up of the total 29,000 figure. 5. To apply the new spreading, choose Apply spreading. The spreading is applied to the current point of view. The new Units Sold values, 14, 872 and 14, 128, are displayed in the cells for United States and Canada (D9 and E9) SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

109 5.3.3 Distributing a Value Prerequisites To distribute values, you must have access to a report view based on a planning-enabled model, or a dynamic table based on a planning-enabled model in a story. Procedure 1. In the grid, select a source value that meets the following conditions: The cell is booked. The cell is not calculated by a formula. The cell has sibling members on the same hierarchy level of at least one visible dimension, not including account or version. 2. Select Allocate values Distribute. 3. In the Distribute dialog, pick the dimension along which you want to redistribute from the Target Dimension list. 4. To distribute to members that don't have a value yet, select Show unbooked members. 5. If necessary, change the level using the (roll up), (drill down), and (set to leaf level) buttons. You can distribute values to the siblings of the source member, or the children of those siblings. When there are multiple target members with the same name, for example, Q1 in a Time dimension, the members are grouped by their parents to distinguish them. 6. For each target member, type the amount that you want to distribute from the source member. The dialog shows the percentage of the total amount to distribute for each member, and a preview of the target member values after the distribution. 7. Select Distribute. If you distributed values to unbooked cells, the Confirm Data Input dialog appears. 8. Choose how to filter the dimension members that will receive values automatically spread from the unbooked cells. For more information on filtering the operation, see Filtering values for spreading and distribution in the Spreading and Distribution section. 9. If you selected Refine Filters, select one of the dimensions not added to the grid from the Dimension list, and choose the members that will receive values. Repeat this step for other dimensions as necessary, and then select OK. The target cells are increased by the amounts that you specified, and the value of the source cell is reduced. Cells that aggregate up to the source cell or a booked target cell are adjusted proportionately. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 109

110 5.3.4 Example: Distributing a Value to Unbooked Cells The following section is an example of how to use the distribute feature with unbooked cells as the target. In this example, using SUM aggregation for Units sold, you want to adjust your plan by distributing data from the existing number of units sold for North America to Latin America, which is currently unbooked. Table 18: A B C D E 1 Account Units sold 2 Product Footwear > Tennis shoes Running shoes Soccer shoes 3 Responsibility Centre 4 All Companies > 350,900 81, , ,300 5 HQ North America 48,800 17,600 31,200-7 Latin America > Mexico EMEA > 302,100 63, , , Germany 170,100 38,100 63,500 68, Italy 132,000 25,400 50,800 55,800 You select the value for Footwear in North America (cell B6), and select Allocate values Distribute. In the Distribute dialog, you select ResponsibilityCenter as the Target Dimension. On the same level as North America, you have the option of selecting HQ, Latin America, or EMEA as target members. If you drill down one level to Country, you can distribute to HQ (since it has no children at the Country level), Mexico, Germany, and Italy. Type 6,000 for Latin America and select Distribute. Since you distributed to an unbooked cell, the Confirm Data Input dialog appears. You can use the point of view that you established, or refine it your choices will only affect dimensions that aren t visible in the view. After the distribution, the grid shows the following data, with the changed values shown in bold: Table 19: A B C D E 1 Account Units sold 2 Product Footwear > Tennis shoes Running shoes Soccer shoes SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

111 3 Responsibility Centre 4 All Companies > 350,900 80, , ,300 5 HQ North America 42,800 15,436 27,364-7 Latin America > 6,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 8 Mexico 6,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 9 EMEA > 302,100 63, , , Germany 170,100 38,100 63,500 68, Italy 132,000 25,400 50,800 55,800 As a result, 6,000 units sold are subtracted from North America and added to Latin America. The value is evenly spread to the unbooked cells for different types of footwear for Latin America and Mexico, and reduced proportionally based on the existing values for Tennis shoes and Running shoes in North America. The overall number of units sold stays the same; only the distribution is changed. If you wanted to limit the spreading to only Tennis shoes and Running shoes, it is possible to do so by removing the Product dimension from the grid and refining the filter for that dimension in the Confirm Data Input dialog. If you selected only Tennis Shoes and Running shoes, both members would receive 3,000 units, and Soccer shoes would remain unbooked. 5.4 Structured Allocations In structured allocations, you create allocation processes that use steps and rules to distribute values from source dimensions to target dimensions, using drivers or direct assignments. The workflow for structured allocations is as follows: Table 20: Task Where do I do this? How do I do it? Create an allocation model with an optional pool dimension Modeler Allocation Models [page 102] Creating Dimensions [page 37] (Optional) Perform pool mapping Reports Creating Pools for Structured Allocation [page 112] Mapping Pools and Dimensions [page 113] Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 111

112 Task Where do I do this? How do I do it? Create an allocation process for the model Allocations Allocation Processes, Steps, and Rules [page 114] Create allocation steps, define rules for the steps, and add them to the process Allocations Creating an Allocation Step [page 115] Creating Allocation Rules [page 117] Execute the allocation process Reports Executing an Allocation Process [page 118] Creating Pools for Structured Allocation In an allocation model, you can optionally create pools in order to group costs. The pools are members of a pool dimension, so they become the source dimensions that contain the values to be allocated to the target dimensions. Once you create a pool dimension, you create members of the dimension to represent the groups of costs or values that you want to allocate, for example Services, Human Resources, or Logistics. You can create more than one pool dimension per model, but you cannot share pool dimensions between models. Pools are specific to their models. In order to group the costs into a pool, you must map dimensions and dimension members related to the cost to that particular pool. For example, if you created a pool for the cost of IT Services, you would map to it the dimensions that represented IT staff wages, or the cost of replacement equipment. You specify the dimensions to be mapped to the pools when you create the pool dimension. The Account dimension is always a mapped dimension by default. You map dimensions to pools in the Reports area or when working with a dynamic table in the Stories area, using a special layout called Pool Mapping. The pool mapping layout automatically includes all the dimensions you chose as mapped dimensions on the row axes, along with the pool dimension, so that you can expand dimensions and map costs to pools at a granularity that suits you. For example, suppose you selected the Cost Center and Product dimensions as mapped dimensions when you created your pool dimension. This means that the Pool Mapping layout will have the dimensions Account (by default), Cost Center, and Product on the row axes of the grid. You could choose to map the Cost of Good Sold account for all cost centers for all products to a single pool, or you could do more fine-grained mapping, such as mapping the cost of goods sold for a single product for a single warehouse to a cost pool. Not all dimension members need to be mapped to a pool. You can assign the default pool dimension member UNASSIGNED to members you do not want to map to pools. The Pool Mapping layout also allows you to create new pools on the fly. Remember Pools are optional in an allocations model. You can create allocation steps with source dimensions that are not pool dimensions SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

113 Related Information Mapping Pools and Dimensions [page 113] Mapping Pools and Dimensions You perform pool mapping in the Reports page or from a dynamic table in the Stories page, using a special layout called Pool Mapping. Context You have created a model with a pool dimension that has a number of members. When you created the pool dimension, you selected mapped dimensions in addition to the default, the Account dimension. You now want to map accounts and dimensions to the different pools. Procedure 1. In Reports, open a view based on the model for which you want to map pools. Alternatively, in Stories, open a dynamic table based on the model. 2. In the Designer panel, choose the Layouts tab. 3. In the Layouts tab, select Pool Mapping. 4. If the model has more than one pool dimension, select the dimension for mapping in the Select Pool Dimension dialog, and choose OK. The layout changes to have Account first on the row axis, followed by the other mapped dimensions, and then the pool dimension. Only the Category dimension is visible on the column axis. 5. If necessary, expand the hierarchies of the mapped accounts and dimension to locate the item that you want to map to a pool. Then, double-click in the pool cell for that item. A drop-down menu with pool names is displayed. 6. To select a pool from the menu, start typing the pool name and select the pool from the auto-suggested matches. Alternatively, delete the current pool name to display all the pools in the menu and select from there. 7. To create a new pool, double-click in the pool cell, type the name of the new pool, and press Enter. A dialog asks you to confirm that you want to create a new pool with the name you entered. 8. Choose Create to create the new pool. 9. Repeat steps 5 and 6, and if necessary, 6 8, until you have completed the pool mapping, and then save your changes. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 113

114 5.4.2 Allocation Processes, Steps, and Rules For each planning-enabled model, you can create multiple allocation processes in the Allocations window, and define each process by adding allocation steps and rules. Allocation processes can consist of a single step, or a sequence of steps. You execute the process in a report to perform its allocation steps on the data in that report. An allocation step as a whole determines how values from one source dimension, say a pool of costs, is distributed among members of target dimensions. (It's possible to have multiple target dimensions.) The allocations for a step are governed by allocation rules. An allocation rule specifies that values in source dimension members are to be allocated to target dimension members using a driver. A driver is a variable, such as the level of activity or volume, that causally affects costs over a given time span. That is, there is a cause-andeffect relationship between a change in the level of activity or volume and a change in the level of total costs. For example, changes in the driver headcount affect salaries, or changes in square meters of floorspace affect rent. You can also choose the Direct Assignment option, which assigns all of the source member's value to a single target member. Working with allocation steps You can create an allocation step as part of a process, or create the step on its own and add it to a process later. To create an allocation step, you must specify a source dimension, which holds the values that you want to distribute. Then you specify a target dimension to receive the distributed values. You can also specify an overwrite dimension, which will allow you to create overrides for allocation rules. An override is a more specific allocation rule that takes preference over a more general one. For example, you could create an allocation rule that the travel costs for all cost centers is allocated to all products using the driver Revenue, except for the exception (the override) that for the United States cost center, the travel costs are directly assigned to the single product, Laptop. Note Allocation rules are executed in the order of the more specific first, not in the order in which you create them. It is possible to use the same dimension as the source and target for an allocation step. In this case, values will be reallocated from a source member to one or more members of the same dimension hierarchy. For example, you can use reallocations to take costs that have already been assigned to a software support department, and reassign them to all of the departments in your organization based on the number of support hours that they used. You can choose to perform multiple repetitions of the step, since some of the original value may be allocated back to the source member. You can also specify a reference dimension for an allocation step. Reference dimensions enable you to use more fine-grained weights for the allocation because only weights matching a fact to be allocated in all reference dimensions will be used for its allocation. Consider the Time dimension, which by default is treated as a reference dimension. Therefore the allocations will use reference values broken down by time. For example, assume all Salaries are allocated to all Cost Centers, using the driver, Headcount, and that Time is maintained with month granularity. This means the Salaries costs will be further broken down to month level based on the Headcount specified per month SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

115 Finally, you may want to exclude some accounts from the allocation step. For example, you want to allocate values for all financial accounts, but leave driver accounts unchanged. In this case, you can use the Filter by Accounts feature to select only the financial accounts. Adding rules to a step Once you have created an allocation step, you can begin to add allocation rules to the new step. To create an allocation rule, you select a member of the source dimension, choose a driver (or direct assignment), and choose a member or members of the target dimension. If you have added an overwrite dimension, you can add an override. Existing allocation rules can be deleted, copied, and edited using the standard icons in the step window page. Working with processes As you create steps, you can visualize the entire allocation process in the Steps Overview pane, which can be displayed or hidden by selecting Details. To rearrange the step order, select and drag steps on the tab bar of the allocation process page. You can also load existing steps based on the same model into your process. Creating a sequence of multiple steps allows you to perform complex allocations, for example, allocating costs from pools to different projects and products, and then further allocating costs from those dimensions to different geographical responsibility centers. Once the allocation process is complete and saved, you can open a report to execute the process. Related Information Creating an Allocation Step [page 115] Creating Allocation Rules [page 117] Creating an Allocation Step Create an allocation step to distribute values from a source dimension to one or more target dimensions. Context You have created a planning-enabled model and want to create allocation steps for a corresponding allocation process. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 115

116 Procedure 1. In the navigation menu, choose Allocation. All the allocation processes for planning-enabled models are listed in the Allocation Processes window. Each model can have multiple processes. The Allocation Steps tab also shows all of the steps that have been created. 2. Open a new step. To create a step in an allocation process, open the appropriate process and select the Create Step icon (the plus sign), either on the tab bar or in the Steps Overview tab. If you want to create a step without adding it to an allocation process yet, select the Allocation Steps tab and choose Create New Step (the plus sign). In this case, you must specify the corresponding model in the Create Step dialog. You can add the step to an allocation process when you are finished working with it. 3. In the Create Step dialog, enter a name and optional description for the step. If necessary, specify the model for the step. 4. In the Source section, select a Source Dimension from the list. 5. If you want to add an overwrite dimension, choose the Add icon (the plus sign), and then select a dimension from the Overwrite Dimension list. 6. In the Target section, select a Target Dimension from the list. 7. If you want to add multiple target dimensions, choose the Add icon (the plus sign), and then select a dimension from the additional Target Dimension list. Repeat this step until you have added the required number of targets. 8. If you selected the same dimension as a source or overwrite and as a target, specify the number of Repetitions for the step. This allows you to run the step multiple times in the allocation process, which can be useful when allocating values across members of the same dimension. 9. To add a reference dimension, select Show Options and choose a dimension from the Reference Dimension list. Select the Add a new reference dimension icon (the plus sign) next to the list to add another reference dimension. 10. If necessary, filter the accounts that the step applies to by selecting Show Options and choosing Set Filter. Then, select the members of the account dimension that you want to include in the allocation step. 11. Choose Create. If you created the step in an allocation process, the new step opens on its own tab in the window for the allocation process. The tab is arranged in columns that display the source, overwrite, driver, and targets for the rules. If you created the step from the Allocation Steps page, you can open an allocation process to load the step and then configure rules for it SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

117 Creating Allocation Rules You create allocation rules by specifying source dimension members, drivers, and target dimension members. Context You have created an allocation step and now want to create allocation rules for that step. In Allocations, you have opened the allocation process for a model. Procedure 1. In the allocation process window, choose the allocation step for which you want to create allocation rules in the tab bar. You can also select Load Steps to add existing steps based on the same model to the tab bar. 2. In the allocation step tab, choose the Create New Allocation Rule icon (the plus sign) in the top right corner of the tab. 3. In the Create Allocation Rule dialog, select a Source member, a Driver, and one or more Target members. If you select Direct Assignment as the driver, select only one target member. All of the source member's value will be assigned to that target member. Your selections are listed in the Selected Allocation Rules section. 4. If you want to create an override, and you selected an Overwrite Dimension for the step, expand Overwrite in the Source column, and select a member for the overwrite dimension. The rule will apply only to that member of the overwrite dimension. For example, if your step assigns costs from account to a product dimension, you may have added cost center as an overwrite dimension. In this case, you can create one rule with travel costs as the source member, revenue as the driver, and all products as the target. A second rule could use travel costs as the source member and the North American cost center as the overwrite member, and directly assign the costs to the laptop member. In this case, the first rule would not affect travel costs for North America. Instead, they would all be assigned to the laptop product. 5. Choose Create. The new rule is now listed in the tab for the allocation step. 6. Select Save Allocation rules. Results The allocation step now includes your new rule. You can continue to add rules to the step, or select an existing rule to copy, edit, or delete it. Allocations 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 117

118 5.4.3 Executing an Allocation Process You execute allocation steps in a view in Reports or in a dynamic table in Stories. Context You have created an allocation process for a model and you now want to execute it. Procedure 1. In Reports, open a view based on the model for which you want to perform allocations, or in Stories, add a dynamic table based on the model. 2. Select Allocate values Execute Allocation. 3. In the Execute Allocation dialog, select the Allocation Process that you want to execute, and choose a version from the Version list. The selected process will be performed on this version. You can also type a version name to create a new private version. 4. If you created a new private version in the Allocation Process dialog, the Select Public Version dialog appears. Choose the public version that your private version is based on. 5. In the Confirm Scope Of Allocation dialog, choose how to filter the members that are affected by the allocation: Use Point of View: The scope of the allocation step will be restricted using the filters that are currently applied to the view. Refine Filters: For dimension that are not added to the grid, you can choose members that will be included in the allocation. By default, the current point of view is applied, but you can select dimensions from the list in the Selected filters dialog to choose members to filter. No Filters: The allocation is performed on all members in the report. You can choose Don t show this dialog again to apply the same choice each time you execute an allocation process in the current report view. The layout is refreshed with the results of the allocation SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Allocations

119 6 Stories A story is a presentation-style document that uses charts, visualizations, text, images, and pictograms to describe data. A story can include multiple pages. Related Information Story Management [page 119] Working with a Story [page 122] 6.1 Story Management You can manage stories in the first page of the Stories area. Here you can open, create, edit, and delete stories. Task More Information Create a new story. Create a New Story [page 120] Edit an existing story. Edit a Story [page 121] Delete a story. In the management screen, select the checkbox for the story and choose the Delete icon (the trashcan). Copy a story. Copy a Story [page 121] Share a story. Share a Story [page 122] Related Information Listing Stories [page 119] Select a Story to Manage [page 120] Listing Stories Use this list to select which stories to display. You can select to list all stories, stories that you created, or those that are shared with you. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 119

120 6.1.2 Select a Story to Manage If you want to change a story's name or description, copy its contents, delete it, or share it, first select its checkbox in the management window and then choose the appropriate icon in the top right of the window. If you want to open a story, click its name Create a New Story You can create a new story in a series of short steps in the Create New Story window. Context The window also lists your other stories. You can indicate which are your favorites by selecting the relevant Add to Favorites icon (the star). Procedure 1. Select New. The Create New Story window appears. 2. Specify the story's path you can select public, private, or teams. Note A public story is visible to all users. A private story is visible to its creator and the users they have chosen to share it with. You can also make the story visible to all members of a team. 3. Provide a unique name for your story. Note Valid characters are alphanumeric characters and underscores. Spaces can be included but not at the start or end of a name. 4. Provide an optional description. 5. Select Create. Your story has been created. You can now start working on your story by importing data and adding pages. 6. Import data to use in your story. You can bring in data from a CSV or Excel file. Note You can add data at a later stage from the Data View tab SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

121 7. Add one or more pages to your story. A story page can be a blank canvas or a grid. Add a blank canvas to lay out tables and charts, or add a grid to work with numbers and formulas on a sheet Edit a Story Context You can change the name or description of a story in the Edit Story dialog. Procedure 1. Do one of the following: In the story management window, select the checkbox for the story and access the editing window. From within a story, choose Edit in the Preferences menu. 2. Enter the changes to the name or description or both. 3. Confirm your changes Copy a Story Context You can use the Copy to Story command to copy an entire story (all of its contents) to a new story. Procedure 1. In the story management window, select the checkbox for the story you want to copy and choose the Copy selected stories icon. 2. In the Copy to Story dialog, specify whether the new story is Public or Private. 3. Enter a unique name for the story. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 121

122 Note Valid characters are alphanumeric characters and underscores. Spaces can be included but not at the start or end of a name. 4. Enter an optional description. 5. Save your settings Share a Story Context Access the Change Sharing Settings dialog to specify which users can share your story. Procedure 1. Do one of the following: In the story management window, select the checkbox for the story that you want to share and choose the Share selected stories icon. From within a story, choose the Share option in the top navigation panel. 2. In the dialog, select or deselect options to indicate that you want to share with all users, or access the list of users to select or deselect specific individuals. 3. Once you have made your selections, save your settings. 6.2 Working with a Story Once you open a story, you can edit pages, sections, and elements as you like. A story can contain multiple pages. The tasks you can perform include the following: Task More Information Add a chart, text, image, or pictogram. Add Tiles to a Canvas [page 125] Apply a story filter. Applying a Story or Page Filter [page 129] Format a story. Formatting a Story [page 133] Sort measures and dimensions in a chart. Sorting Measures and Dimensions [page 140] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

123 Task More Information Filter or exclude data points in a chart. Chart Filters [page 141] Drill through hierarchical data in a chart. Drilling through Hierarchical Data [page 143] Add a story to a discussion. Collaboration for Stories [page 149] Story Preferences You can use the Preferences menu to perform the following tasks: Table 21: Preference option Maintain Pages Edit Share New Discussion Delete Description Create, delete, and rename pages in your story. Edit your story's title or description. Change your sharing settings for the story. Add a new discussion for the story. Delete the story Explore Your Data You can start creating a story for your data, by experimenting with filters and charts in the Explorer. In the Explorer, you see a faceted view of your data, which you can manipulate to generate charts for your story pages. When you select measures and dimensions in the upper pane, the visualization in the lower pane updates in real time. You can filter dimensions by selecting individual members, and the visualization changes immediately to show you the filtered result. In addition to this Data Exploration mode, you can also use the Data Manipulation mode, which lets you perform simple data wrangling, such as specifying which column is a measure and which is a dimension. Note The Data Manipulation mode is available only when you acquire data by dragging an Excel file onto the Home screen, or by selecting Add New Data from the Data View menu, and then selecting Import File. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 123

124 Accessing the Explorer You can access the Explorer to begin creating a story for your data. Procedure 1. From the Home screen of SAP Cloud for Analytics, select Explore Your Data. Note If you've pinned any objects, for example a chart, to the Home screen, the Explore Your Data shortcut doesn't appear. Access the Explorer using one of the alternative methods described in step In the Add Data dialog, select Existing Data to add data from an existing model, or Import File to import data from a source file, or Connect to Google Drive to import data from a file stored on your Google Drive. A new story is created, with your data shown in the Explorer (the tab to the left of the Page 1 tab). The Explorer displays your data in a faceted view, with a visualization area below it. Alternative methods for accessing the Explorer: From the main menu, select Stories, and then either open an existing story or create a new one. At any time when you're working on a story, you can select the Explorer (the tab to the left of your page tabs). Drag an Excel file to the Home screen, and choose the I'm Feeling Lucky option. Your data is displayed in the Explorer in a new story. Drag an Excel file to the Home screen, and choose the Prepare Dataset option. Your data is displayed in the Explorer in Data Manipulation mode. After you prepare your data, you can switch to Data Exploration mode. 3. Select measures and dimensions to add them to the visualization, or select individual members to filter a dimension. To help you find dimension members, you can search for them. Hover over the dimension name in the facet panel, and then select the Search icon to display the search bar. Note: searching in the facet panel is not supported for date type dimensions. You can also display additional information about the members in the facet panel. Hover over the dimension name in the facet panel, select Access Other Interactions (the ellipsis icon), and then select Show Measure. For analytic view datasets, you can select Occurrences to display the number of times that member occurs in the dimension. Or you can select a measure from the list, to display the sum of that measure for each dimension member. For planning models, select Accounts to display the sum of a selected measure (account) for each dimension member. If you display the occurrences or sums, you can also sort the dimension by that information. Hover over the dimension name in the facet panel, select Access Other Interactions, and then select Sort Highest to Lowest or Sort Lowest to Highest SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

125 Note Only flat dimensions can be sorted. Sorting dimension values for hierarchical dimensions (for example, dimensions belonging to planning models, or a hierarchical dimension defined in an analytic view dataset) is not supported. You can choose whether selecting members includes them in your visualization or excludes them. Selected members are included in your visualization by default, but to exclude them, hover over the dimension name in the facet panel, select Access Other Interactions, and then select Exclude. Some models contain many dimensions. You can specify which dimensions you want to operate on in the Explorer by selecting the Show or Hide Dimensions icon. 4. If the suggested visualization type isn't suitable, you can change it to any of the types supported for your data. When you're happy with your visualization, you can copy it to a page in your story. If you want to clear your visualization settings and start again, select the ellipsis icon in the visualization area, and select Clear Chart. All measures, dimensions, and members are deselected, the sort order is reset to Sort Ascending, and filter selection mode is reset to Include. However, all hidden dimensions remain hidden. 5. Switch to Data Manipulation mode if you want to perform any data preparation or wrangling. When you make changes in the Data Manipulation mode, previous selections made in the Data Exploration mode are cleared. The Data Manipulation mode is available only for datasets acquired by dragging a data file onto the Home screen (using the I'm Feeling Lucky or Prepare Dataset workflows), or when choosing Import File in the Add Data dialog Add Tiles to a Canvas From the Add menu, you can add tiles to the canvas pages of your story. Tiles are charts, visualizations, text, images, pictograms and so on. They can be resized and moved around the canvas to help you better tell your story. Table 22: Element Description Use Charts Charts created in Reports or in Stories You can create a new chart from a model, choose a chart saved to the story, or add a chart from the gallery to the story. Visualizations Pinned visualizations created in Reports You can add a pinned visualization to the story. Dynamic Table (Beta) An organized presentation of data from a selected model in a table view You can add a Dynamic Table to the story. Geo Map A geographical map overlaid with your business data You can add a Geo Map to the story to perform geospatial analysis. For more details, see Analyzing Geographical Data. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 125

126 Element Description Use Images Images that describe or complement a chart You can select an image that is available or upload a new image from your computer. To add.jpg,.jpeg,.png, or.gif files, choose Add Local Image. Pictograms Icons that represent real-world objects (for example, people, electronic devices, animals and plants, transport vehicles, and more) You can select icons and symbols from the theme categories or upload a new pictogram from your computer. Text Text that describes or complements a chart You can add a block of text to your story to write your comments or other relevant information Uploading Custom Pictograms Before you can add your own vector graphics to stories, you must upload the graphics. Procedure 1. Select Pictograms from the top navigation panel. 2. Select the Upload Pictograms icon. 3. Choose the vector graphics file to add, and select Open. The file must be an SVG file with valid XML encoding Linked Dimensions You can link dimensions between multiple models. Linking dimensions between models allows you to simultaneously filter all charts that use the linked data. You can also create blended charts using data in linked models SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

127 Creating Linked Dimensions You can create links between dimensions in multiple models. Procedure 1. Select the Link Dimensions icon. The Link Dimensions dialog appears. Note If linked dimensions have previously been added to the story, they will appear in the dialog. Select Start a New Model Link to create a new link. 2. Select a model from the list of models included in your story, or select Add Model to search through the models you have access to. The first model you choose is treated as the primary model. Primary models are useful for chart blending. 3. Choose a dimension. Note When you hover over a dimension you can preview the dimension values. 4. Choose a second model and choose a dimension to link to. 5. Select Set. Results Linked dimensions appear in the dialog. If you create a filter that use a linked dimension, all charts that include the data will update simultaneously. You can also create blended charts that display data from both linked models. Related Information Applying a Story or Page Filter [page 129] Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 127

128 Editing Linked Dimensions You can edit linked dimensions. Procedure 1. Select the Link Dimensions icon. The Link Dimensions dialog appears. All linked dimensions added to the story will be listed. 2. Choose a linked dimension and select the Edit Link icon beside it. 3. Change the models or dimensions used, then select Set. Results All charts that include the edited dimension link will update simultaneously. Related Information Applying a Story or Page Filter [page 129] Creating Linked Dimensions [page 127] Story and Page Filters Use story and page filters to narrow the scope of your analysis. The Story Filter allows you to apply filters for all charts in a Story that are based on the same model. The Page Filter is the same as a Story Filter, but applies to just one page in a story. Note The Story Filter is only enabled after you have added at least one chart to your story. You can also apply a filter to a single chart. See the related links. Related Information Chart Filters [page 141] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

129 Applying a Story or Page Filter Prerequisites The Story Filter is only enabled after you have added at least one chart to your Story. Procedure 1. Apply a filter in one of these ways: For a story filter, select Story Filter on the top navigation panel. In the resultant navigation panel, select the Add Story Filter icon. For a page filter, select Add Input Control on the top navigation panel. 2. Select the dimension you want to filter from the list. To create a filter based on a dimension from another dataset, select the name of the current dataset to see the list of available datasets and then select the name of the dataset you want. Note Certain dimensions, for example date dimensions, can be filtered either by choosing members from a list or by selecting a range. To filter by choosing members, choose the option Filter by Member. To filter by selecting a range, skip to step In the Available Members area of the Set filters dialog, select the checkbox beside the members you want to filter. You can use the Search function to find the members you want. 4. Ensure that the members in the Selected Members area are correct 5. To filter certain dimensions by selecting a range, choose the option Filter by Range instead of Filter by Member. 6. Choose whether you want viewers of the story to be allowed to specify the effective filter values from a list of filter values that you define. You can choose to allow a single filter value or multiple filter values. If you allow viewers to specify filter values, they can either toggle on and off each filter value (if you chose the Multiple Selections option), or select a single filter value (if you chose the Single Selection option). 7. Select OK to create the filter. Related Information Chart Filters [page 141] Changing Story and Page Filter Values [page 131] Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 129

130 Converting a Story Filter to a Page Filter Convert a story filter to a page filter if you want the filter to apply only to the charts on one story page. Context After creating a story filter, the filter appears in the filter bar below the toolbar. You can convert a story filter to a page filter on a canvas page. Procedure 1. With a canvas page open, select a story filter from the filter bar. 2. Select Add Control to Page. The new filter appears as an object on the canvas page. You can resize the filter object by selecting it and dragging its sizing handles. If you enlarge the filter object, it becomes an input control that you can use to select filter values. For example, if the filter is set to allow viewers to change the filter values, and to allow multiple filter values, you can enlarge the filter object on the page so that the filter values appear in a list, with check boxes. Then you can change filter values by selecting and deselecting the check boxes Converting a Page Filter to a Story Filter You can convert a page filter to a story filter if you want the filter to apply to all pages in the story. Procedure Hover over the page filter and select Add Control to Filter Bar SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

131 Changing Story and Page Filter Values When viewing a story that contains a filter, you may be able to change the filter values. Context A story's creator can specify whether viewers of the story will be allowed to change the filter values. Procedure 1. With a story open, select an existing story filter from the filter bar below the toolbar, or select a page filter on a canvas page. The filter values are shown. Note: If the page filter hasn't been enlarged to become an input control, select the page filter twice to see the filter values. If the page filter has been enlarged to become an input control, the filter values are shown in the input control. 2. If the story's creator has allowed multiple filter value selection, you can toggle on and off the filter values. If the story's creator has allowed only single filter value selection, you can choose which filter value you want to apply to the story. You can also search for member names by selecting the Search icon (magnifying glass) above the list of values. Related Information Applying a Story or Page Filter [page 129] Designer Panel The Designer panel allows you to format pages, sections, and elements. Table 23: Page Settings panel Formatting element Options Size Select Standard (4:3), Wide Screen (16:9), or Continuous Scrolling. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 131

132 Formatting element Options Background Color Show Grid Select a background color for the page. Select ON to display grid lines on the page, or OFF to hide grid lines. Table 24: Section Color panel Formatting element Options Background color Select a background color for this section of the page. Table 25: Element Properties panel Page element Text Formatting element Text Properties Font: Select the font style, size, and color for text. Alignment: Select the paragraph justification for text. Lists: Add bulleted or numbered lists to text. Images Image Properties Display Mode: Select how to handle image scaling. Contain: The entire image is contained in the frame, maintaining the image's aspect ratio. Cover: The image is scaled to cover or fill the entire frame, maintaining the image's aspect ratio. Some parts of the image may be cropped. Stretched: The entire image is stretched to fit in the entire frame. Pan: The image is scaled to fill the horizontal dimension of the frame. The bottom of the image may be cropped. Background Color: Select a background color for the picture. Image Actions: Add, edit, or remove a hyperlink. Pictograms Pictogram Properties Fill Color: Select the fill color for the pictogram. Line Color: Select the line color for the pictogram. Pictogram Actions: Add, edit, or remove a hyperlink SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

133 Formatting a Story A story includes one or more pages, and each page can include one or more sections. Context You can format the general appearance of each page, section, and element used on the page. Procedure 1. Open the page of the story to format and select the Designer panel on the top navigation panel. The Designer panel displays the options available. 2. Select page formatting options as needed. 3. Select an element on the page. The Designer panel displays options available for this section and element. 4. Select section and element formatting options as needed. 5. Save the story Linking to an External URL You can add a hyperlink to an external URL from an image, chart, or pictogram. Procedure 1. Select the image or pictogram to link from, and select the Add or Edit Hyperlink icon. 2. In the URL box, enter the URL of the external web page. 3. If you want the link to open in a new window, select the Open in new window checkbox. 4. Select OK. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 133

134 Scaling Charts If multiple charts in a story contain the same measure, the measure values may be scaled differently in different charts, which can make comparisons difficult. You can scale the charts so that measures have the same scale across multiple charts. Context Note Chart scaling is applied to all of the pages in a story, but the scaling may be different for the same measure on different pages, because the scaling factor is calculated separately for each page. You can exclude charts from the scaling, for example if a chart contains data that is much larger than the data in other charts, making the other charts look small. Procedure 1. Open the story that contains the charts you want to scale, and select the Designer panel. 2. From the drop-down list, select Chart Scaling. 3. Select the measures that you want to scale. The affected charts in the story are rescaled automatically. Note Once a measure is included in an axis scaling rule, that measure can't be included in another axis scaling rule. 4. After scaling charts, you might want to set the bar widths in the scaled charts to a consistent size. To do so, hover over the axis scaling rule you just created under Chart Scaling on the Designer panel, and select Scaled Measure Fix Bar Width. Type the number of pixels you'd like to set the bar width to. To revert back to the default widths, delete the number you typed. When conflicting bar widths are defined, the width rule of the first measure on the axis is applied to the overall chart. When an axis scaling rule is deleted, any associated bar width setting is also deleted, and the bar widths revert to the default sizes. 5. To exclude a chart from the scaling, select the chart, then select Formatting from the drop-down list, and set Break Scale to On. 6. To change which measures are scaled, hover over a measure in the Scaled Measures list, and select Edit Scaled Measure. Edit SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

135 7. To remove scaling for a measure, hover over the measure in the Scaled Measures list, and select Remove Scaled Measure Create a Chart You use the Builder tab in the Designer panel to create charts in a canvas page. The data in your chart is based on the model you selected when creating the chart. From the Builder tab, you can select a chart type and then pick the measures and dimensions to show in your chart. Once you have defined the structure of your chart, you can add reference lines or filters to it Select a Chart Type You can select a chart type from the drop-down menu in the structure section of the Builder tab. Depending on the chart type select, you may have to add a specific number of measures or dimensions into areas of your chart. For example, a table chart requires at least one measure in the values area and in addition you can add dimensions to to be represented in the rows, columns, or by colors. Some types of data are especially suited to a particular chart type. Table 26: Charts for different types of analysis Type of analysis Description Suggested chart types Comparison Compares differences between values or shows a simple comparison of categorical divisions of measures. Heat Map Tree Map Bar/column For example, use a bar chart to compare the differ Bullet ences in sales revenue between countries. Percentage Shows the percentage of parts in a whole or values as ratios to a whole. The legend shows the percentage and the total values. Pie Chart Donut Chart Stacked bar/column For example, use a pie chart to see who had the highest sales as part of a total sales value directly: Total sales = $200, Paul had 10% ($20), David had 65% ($130), and Susan had 25% ($50). Correlation Shows the relationship between values or compares multiple measure values. Numeric Point For example, you can view the correlation of two measures and understand the impact of the first measure on the second measure. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 135

136 Type of analysis Description Suggested chart types Trend Shows a trend in the data values (especially for dimensions that are time-based, such as Year) or the progression of your data and possible patterns. Combined Column Line Chart Line For example, you can use a line chart to view sales revenue trends of a product throughout a range of years. Dual-axis line Trend Time Series Select Measures and Dimensions After you select a chart type, select the measures and dimensions to display in each area of your chart. The measures and dimensions that you select are based on the data in the model you selected when creating the chart. You can add multiple measures and multiple dimensions for your chart. You can also apply filters to your measures and dimensions.the chart is updated as you make your choices in the Builder tab Calculation Editor The Calculation Editor allows you to create calculated measures and restricted measures. Calculated measures allow you to chart data based on formula functions. You can also create input controls to supply preset parameters for use in a formula. For example, you can create radio buttons that affect the values in a chart. Restricted measures allow you to remove selected dimension members from a chart Creating Calculated Measures You can use formulas to create calculated measures to use in a chart. Prerequisites A chart that requires measures must be added to the story and selected SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

137 Procedure 1. Open the Calculation Editor. There are two ways to access the editor: In the Builder tab, choose Select measure Click to Create a New Calculation. In the Builder tab beside Structure, select the Add Data icon, then select Click to Create a New Calculation. Note The option to create a new calculation may not appear if calculations are not possible for the chart type or model. The Calculation Editor appears. 2. Select Calculated Measure from the list. 3. Enter a formula name. 4. Enter a formula in the Edit Formula area. You can add preset functions, conditions, and operators, by selecting options in the Formula Functions list. 5. Select Format to check if your formula is valid. 6. Select OK. Results A measure is created based on the formula you entered. The chart is updated to reflect the formula results. Related Information Select Measures and Dimensions [page 136] Creating Restricted Measures You can restrict the members used by a measure. Procedure 1. Open the Calculation Editor. There are two ways to access the editor: In the Builder tab, choose Select measure Click to Create a New Calculation. In the Builder tab beside Structure, select the Add Data icon, then select Click to Create a New Calculation. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 137

138 Note The option to create a new calculation may not appear if calculations are not possible for the chart type or model. The Calculation Editor appears. 2. Select Restricted Measure from the list. 3. Enter a measure name. 4. In the Properties section, select a measure. Only measures that belong to the current model can be selected. 5. Choose Select a dimension to add one or more dimensions to the restricted measure. 6. Choose Click to select values to choose values to restrict. 7. Select values from the list of available members. You can use the Search function to find the members you want. If you select Exculde selected members, all members except the ones selected will be applied to the restricted measure. You can also select the wrench icon beside Selected Members and select Add Wildcard Members to add members whose names match a text string you enter. Note Wildcard filters don't work on hierarchical dimensions (for example, planning models, and analytic models with a parent-child hierarchy dimension). The Add Wildcard Members option is available only if the dimension is not hierarchical. Wildcard filters are applicable only to string-based dimensions. The Add Wildcard Members option is not available for non-string dimensions (for example, numeric or date dimensions). The members you choose appear in the Selected Members list on the right. 8. Select OK. Results A measure is created that excludes the members you selected. The dimension members you restricted are not included in the chart. Related Information Select Measures and Dimensions [page 136] SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

139 Editing a Formula or Restricted Measure You can edit formulas used by calculated measures or the values used in restricted measures. Prerequisites A calculated measure or restricted measure must exist. Procedure 1. In the Builder tab, hover over a calculated measure and select the Formula icon. The Calculation Editor appears. 2. Make changes to the formula or the dimensions used by a restricted measure. 3. Select OK. Results The chart is updated to reflect the edited results. Related Information Creating Calculated Measures [page 136] Select Measures and Dimensions [page 136] Formatting Calculated Measure Results You can format the results of a calculated measure. Prerequisites A calculated measure must exist. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 139

140 Procedure 1. In the Builder tab, hover over a calculated measure and select the Formatting icon. The Formatting Options dialog appears. 2. Modify the scale, decimal places, or unit used by the formula result. 3. Select OK. Related Information Creating Calculated Measures [page 136] Select Measures and Dimensions [page 136] Sorting Measures and Dimensions You can sort measures and dimensions in charts in ascending or descending order. Procedure 1. Create a sort in one of these ways: On a canvas page, select a chart, then select the Sort Options icon. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Sort. In the Explorer, select the chart's ellipsis icon, and select Sort. 2. Select the measure or dimension you want to sort, and the sort direction. 3. To sort on a measure that isn't included in the chart, select Advanced Sorting, and then choose a measure from the list Reference Lines On some chart types, you can define reference lines to show important values on your chart; for example, the average and maximum prices of your company's products. You can add reference lines to these types of charts: Line Bar/Column Stacked bar/column Drill bar/column SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

141 Bullet Two types of reference lines are available: fixed-value and dynamic-value. Fixed-value reference lines are created with a specific reference value, and don't change when you change the data in your chart; for example if you filter your data. Dynamic-value reference lines are updated when filters, ranking, and sorting are applied to the chart. Reference lines aren't visible on unsupported chart types, but once created, they will appear if you switch to one of the supported chart types listed above. When you add a reference line, you can choose to fill the background area above and below the line with color Adding a Reference Line Procedure 1. Add a reference line in one of these ways: On a canvas page, open the Designer tab, and select Builder from the drop-down list. In the Analytic Objects area, select the plus symbol and select Reference Line. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Reference Lines. 2. Choose whether you want a fixed or dynamic reference line. For a fixed reference line, enter a value and a label for the line. For a dynamic reference line, select the parameters you want to base the reference line on, and enter a label for the line. 3. If you want to color the background areas above and below (or to the left and right of) the reference line, choose colors in the Above and Below color-pickers. If two reference lines try to set the same background area to different colors, the line created first takes precedence Chart Filters You can exclude non-relevant data points or filter data points to focus a chart on a specific set of data. You can filter by selecting members directly on the chart, or by choosing members from a list. Chart filters apply only to the data displayed in that chart. To apply a filter to all charts in a story, use a Story Filter. Procedure 1. To filter by selecting members directly on the chart, select the data points to exclude or filter. You can maximize the chart to help you select points. Tip You can drag a box around a group of data points to select the group. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 141

142 2. In the tooltip that appears, select Filter Selected Data Points or Exclude Selected Data Points. 3. To filter by choosing members from a list, open the Builder tab in the Designer panel. 4. In the Filters area, select the + symbol, select the dimension you'd like to filter, and then choose members. The members you choose appear in the Selected Members list on the right. You can use the Search function to find the members you want. You can also select the wrench icon beside Selected Members and select Add Wildcard Members to add members whose names match a text string you enter. Note Wildcard filters don't work on hierarchical dimensions (for example, planning models, and analytic models with a parent-child hierarchy dimension). The Add Wildcard Members option is available only if the dimension is not hierarchical. Wildcard filters are applicable only to string-based dimensions. The Add Wildcard Members option is not available for non-string dimensions (for example, numeric or date dimensions). If you're filtering certain types of dimensions, for example a date dimension, you can also filter by range: after selecting the date dimension, select the Filter by Range option. You can also filter a date dimension directly from the Categories area on the Builder tab, or by typing the name of the dimension in the Filters area and choosing the entry with the (Range) suffix. 5. Choose whether you want viewers of the chart to be allowed to specify the effective filter values from a list of filter values that you define. You can choose to allow a single filter value or multiple filter values. If you allow viewers to specify filter values, they can either toggle on and off each filter value (if you chose the Multiple Selections option), or select a single filter value (if you chose the Single Selection option). 6. Select OK to create the filter. The filter appears at the top of the chart, and in the Filters area in the Builder tab. Related Information Applying a Story or Page Filter [page 129] Changing Chart Filter Values [page 142] Changing Chart Filter Values When viewing a chart that contains a filter, you may be able to change the filter values. Context A chart's creator can specify whether viewers of the chart will be allowed to change the filter values SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

143 Procedure 1. With a chart displayed, select an existing chart filter from the filter bar at the top of the chart. 2. If the chart's creator has allowed multiple filter value selection, you can toggle on and off the filter values. If the chart's creator has allowed only single filter value selection, you can choose which filter value you want to apply to the chart. Related Information Chart Filters [page 141] Drilling through Hierarchical Data If hierarchical dimensions are included in a chart, you can drill up or down through dimensions to explore the data at different levels. Context If the chart contains more than one hierarchical dimension, you can select which dimension to drill into. Procedure 1. Select the Maximize icon for the chart. 2. Select an area in the chart or a label on the axis. For example, you can select one or more bars in a bar chart. The selected area in the chart is highlighted. 3. In the tooltip that appears, select the Drill down on selected datapoints or Drill up icon. If the area you selected contains more than one hierarchical dimension, you can choose which dimension to drill into. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 143

144 Filtering Data by Rank Filtering data by rank focuses a chart on a specified number of data points with the highest or lowest values. Procedure Create a rank in one of these ways: On a canvas page, select a chart, then select the Choose Top N Options icon. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Top N. In the Explorer, select the chart's ellipsis icon, and select Top N Adding Variance Add variance to your chart to show the difference between versions of a measure; for example, to show the difference between forecast and actual sales figures. Procedure 1. Add variance in one of these ways: On a canvas page, open the Designer tab, and select Builder from the drop-down list. In the Analytic Objects area, select the plus symbol and select Variance. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Variance Add Variance. 2. Choose whether you want to display the variance numerically or as a percentage, or both. 3. Choose the measure and versions you want to calculate the variance on. 4. By default, a positive variance is shown in green, and a negative variance is shown in red. If you want to reverse the color scheme, select Invert Colors. 5. You can adjust the settings of your variance calculation, or delete it: On a canvas page, open the Designer tab, and select Builder from the drop-down list. In the Analytic Objects area, point to the variance calculation and select the pencil icon to change the settings. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Variance Edit Variance SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

145 Hiding Chart Elements You can hide some chart elements; for example, the title or legend. Procedure Open the Show/Hide list in one of these ways: On a canvas page, select a chart, then select the More Actions (ellipsis) icon and select Show/Hide. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Show/Hide Rotating a Chart You can rotate some chart types; for example, bar and column charts. Procedure Change the chart orientation in one of these ways: On a canvas page, open the Designer tab, select Formatting from the drop-down list, and change the Chart Orientation setting. On the Examine panel at the bottom of a grid page, select the ellipsis icon, and select Change Orientation Zooming in on a Chart You can temporarily zoom in to (magnify) a region of a chart. Procedure 1. Drag the pointer to draw a rectangle around a region of a chart. 2. In the pop-up menu that appears, select the Zoom In icon. 3. To zoom back out, select the Zoom Out icon below the chart's title. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 145

146 6.2.8 Dynamic Table (Beta) A dynamic table is an organized presentation of data in a table view. You can use dynamic tables to work with numbers and formulas and create a crosstab view of your data. Like other tiles, you can resize and move dynamic tables in a canvas page or pin them to your home screen. Create dynamic tables based on the data from a selected model or create a blank table where data can be entered manually or pasted from another source. Use the Examine panel to create visualizations of the data you select in a dynamic table. In the Builder, you can select the measures and dimensions to include in the rows and columns of your dynamic table. You can select the Fix option to enable formatting, this will also make the dimensions on rows and columns fixed. Switch back to the dimension mode by selecting the Free option Creating a Dynamic table Like other chart types, you can add a dynamic table in a story canvas. Procedure 1. Select Add Dynamic Table (Beta). 2. Pick the model that the dynamic table will be based on. To create a blank dynamic table where you can manually enter data, select No Model. A new dynamic table is created based on the data from the selected model. 3. Use the Builder tab to select the measures and dimensions to include in the rows and columns. For more information see, Select Measures and Dimensions [page 136] Analyzing Geographical Data Using SAP Cloud for Analytics and SAP HANA Spatial technology, you can overlay business data on geo maps with detailed geographic information such as topography, satellite imagery, and streets and highways. Geo maps can have multiple layers of different types of data that allow you to visualize measures and dimensions from a model, or mark important locations, areas, and routes on the map. Using a combination of these layers, as well as tools for filtering spatial data, you can perform a variety of geographical analyses. For example: Giving a quick visual overview of the performance of sales regions against KPIs that you set. Finding retail store locations that have a type of public attraction or service nearby, such as pharmacies that are close to hospitals. Overlaying a map with custom defined regions, such as sales territories or electoral districts SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

147 Creating a Geo Map Like other chart types, you can add a geo map in a story canvas. Procedure 1. Select Add New Geo Map. 2. Pick the model that the geo map will be based on. To add data from the model, it must have at least one dimension with geographical locations. In this version of the software, geographical dimensions are created by an administrator. 3. From the Basemap list, select a visual style for the map hosted by Esri ArcGIS. For example, the Streets basemap can help you clearly visualize city neighborhoods, while the Light Gray basemap provides a simple, uncluttered look. 4. Add layers to the map. Three layer types are available: Table 27: Layer type Bubble layer: Visualize measures and dimensions from your model on the map. Steps 1. From the Geo Dimension list, select the geographical dimension that you want to visualize. 2. Select a measure from the Color By list to determine values used to color the bubbles. 3. Choose the number of Ranges for the palette. This sets the number of KPI values. 4. Specify values to set the KPI ranges for each color in the palette. Use the switch beside the Steps list to show KPI values as percentages or as absolute values. Use the swap icon to reverse the palette order. 5. If necessary, adjust the Opacity of the bubbles to ensure that the basemap or other layers are visible. 6. To set the bubble sizes, select a measure from the Size By list. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 147

148 Layer type Point of interest layer: Using your point of interest data, mark locations or areas on the map, such as sales regions for your organization, or the location of special events that are important to your analysis. Steps 1. From the Geo Dimension list, select the Point of Interest data that you want to visualize. Point of interest data is added in the Modeler page. 2. Select a color from the Palette list. 3. For geographical locations, select a marker and use the Scale slider to set the size of the markers on your geo map. Note These options aren't available for point of interest data that displays shapes or lines. Select the arrow next to Type to change the curent icon. Select More to view all the available options. You can also create a custom marker; choose the Add (the plus sign) under Custom Markers and enter the correct SVG Path for the icon. 4. If necessary, adjust the Opacity of the layer. Feature layers: Mark locations or areas on the map using a public Esri Arc GIS web service. 1. In the Service URL field, type the URL of a publicly available Esri ArcGIS feature layer. The points or shapes from the feature layer are added to the map. 2. If necessary, adjust the Opacity of the layer. 5. Select the Hide Layer icon next to a layer to toggle the layer visibility. 6. To customize the data that appears as a tooltips for a bubble layer, select Add Popover. Select at least one measure and at least one dimension to display in a bar chart when a data point is selected. 7. By default, the geo map legend shows information about the measures in each bubble layer, and the dimension for each point of interest layer. To configure a legend, select Settings Maintain legend for a bubble layer. You can set each measure or dimension to Show or Hide. 8. If necessary, filter the map data. Polygon filter: Select the polygon filter tool on the left menu of the geo map, or place the cursor over the icon and select the circle or square filter tool. Then, draw a shape on the map around the data points that interest you. Select and drag points to change the filter shape. In the geo map builder, you can select the X icon to remove the filter, or reduce the Opacity of the shape. Map filter: Find data points within a certain distance of a point of interest. Select the + icon for Add Filter in the geo map builder, and choose a geographical dimension to filter. In the Select Distance dialog, type a distance in kilometers, and select a type of point of interest. Story filters: Any filters that you apply to the page or story will also filter data in the geo map. You can also apply story filters from the geo map: in the Formatting tab of the Designer pane, turn on the Apply Filters to Story setting in the Geo Map Properties section. 9. Use the tools at the left side of the map to adjust the pan and zoom. Select the Home icon to automatically adjust the view based on current data points SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Stories

149 Collaboration for Stories You can collaborate on a story by creating a discussion for the story. Create a discussion for a story by selecting Share New Discussion on the navigation panel. The title and description for the discussion are automatically generated using the name of the story. Select your participants and choose Create to create the discussion. Select the Pin to Home screen icon on the navigation panel to pin your story to your Home screen. When a story is pinned to your Home screen, only the first visualization is shown on the story tile. Select Tile Settings, then Go to <Story Name> to edit the story. Note You can pin stories to your Home screen, but you cannot share your Home screen with others Exporting to PDF You can export a story to a PDF file. Procedure 1. With a story open, select Save As File from the toolbar. 2. Choose PDF from the File Type list. 3. Choose which pages you'd like to export. You can also include an appendix containing the story's filter settings. 4. If your story contains any grid pages, choose whether you'd like to split the grid into pages. 5. Select OK, and then specify a file name and location. Results Note The sizes of the pages in the PDF file are determined by the visible content on the story pages in the application. If you want to print the PDF file to paper, you may need to use scaling options in your PDF viewing software. The PDF file shows exactly what appears on your story pages at the moment when you export them. Therefore, if any charts in your story are scrollable, only the visible parts of those charts are included in the PDF file. Stories 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 149

150 7 Files All items created as part of a plan reports, stories, input forms, and so on are stored in a file repository. Any item created within SAP Cloud for Analytics is automatically added to the plan repository, but additionally, external files such as graphics and office documents can be manually uploaded. You publish files in the repository by granting access rights to colleagues who are working on the same plan. File management operations that are available include: organizing files in folders, moving, copying, deleting and renaming files. You will find these features on the toolbar in Files and on the drop-down menu Manage. Your ability to manage and share files depends upon your own security profile and the privileges that have been granted for each item. If you are authorized, you can share items with selected teams, with a specific group of named people, or you can publish them generally (make them public) so that they are available to all colleagues collaborating on the plan. At a more detailed level, you can set specific permissions for a file in the repository (full access, read, update, delete) and apply these rights to selected individuals or teams. Files in the repository are displayed as lists in one of the following view categories: Public, Shared, Teams, Private, Favorites (items selected as Favorites appear in the Favorites list in addition to the source list). To help you to recognize each type of file (report, story, and so on), the appropriate icon is shown in the file list next to each file. Separate view categories are also available for the following special file types: Initial Reports Input Forms Samples 7.1 Uploading and Publishing Files You can upload files from your own computer to SAP Cloud for Analytics and set the access rights. Context To upload a file, you must select either the Public view of the file screen or the Private view. Use the Upload File icon on the toolbar to upload a file. Procedure 1. Choose Upload File on the toolbar. 2. Use the Select Source File button to browse through your file system to locate the file, and then select Upload File SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Files

151 A confirmation message is displayed when the file is successfully uploaded; the new file will then be visible in the list Sharing a File Files can be uploaded as public or private items. You can share them with specific individuals or with teams, using the Share option of the Manage menu. Procedure 1. To share a file, locate the file in the list and select it, using the checkbox at the left-hand side of the line. 2. Select Share from the drop-down Manage menu. 3. Choose whom you wish to share the file with: either all users, or a selection of specific users and teams you select by using the Select Users feature. The item will then be visible in the Shared list Assigning Permissions You can set specific permissions for a file in the repository (full access, read, update, delete) and apply these rights to selected individuals or teams. Context Public access to a file is initially read-only access; only the owner can make changes to a file until the access rights have been changed. Procedure 1. To change the access rights of a file, locate the file in the list and select it using the checkbox at the left-hand side of the line. 2. Select Assign Permissions from the drop-down Manage menu. 3. In the Assign Permissions dialog, set the access rights that you wish to grant for this file either for all users or, by using the Select Users button, for selected users and teams. Files 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 151

152 7.2 Managing Files During the course of a planning project, many files may be uploaded to the plan workspace, and a number of options are available to manage these files. File Management features (available from the toolbar or from the Manage menu) include: Creating folders to organize files Moving, copying, deleting, and renaming files Maintaining a list of favorites Use Folders to Organize Your Files You can make folders in either the Public or Private areas by selecting the New Folder icon on the toolbar. You can assign permissions to folders in the same way as for files. In the case of folders, you can also determine if the selected users can make new documents in the folder and can make new sub-folders in the folder. A checkbox is also available to apply the settings to the contents of the folder (Apply to Subfolders and Documents). Move or Copy Files to Folders You can add files to folders either by copying (toolbar icon) or moving (option on the Manage menu). The process is the same when copying or moving files: the Copy To/Move To dialog shows all available folders in a hierarchy. Navigate through the hierarchy, select the target folder, and then select Copy. The difference between copying and moving is that Copy creates an additional copy of the source file and Move removes the source file from the original location. Note that a warning is displayed if a file with the same name already exists in the target location. In this case, you can choose to overwrite the target file or cancel and rename one of the files, using the Rename option of the Manage menu. Favorites You can add a file directly to the favorites list (or remove it from the list) simply by selecting the star in the Favorite column. If the star next to a file is selected (black), it will also appear in the Favorites list. Alternatively, you can do the same thing by selecting a file, using the checkbox and selecting Add To/Remove From Favorites from the drop-down Manage menu SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Files

153 Deleting Files Depending on the access rights that have been defined for a file, the Delete option of the toolbar may be active when you select one or more files in the file list. To delete a file or folder, simply select one or more items in the list and click the Delete icon on the toolbar. After selecting Delete, a warning prompt is displayed requiring you to confirm your action. Files 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 153

154 8 Collaboration To optimize group decision-making processes and ensure future accountability, you can use context-based social collaboration capabilities. For example, you can discuss a specific report version with your colleagues. Discuss a report or event in the application All collaboration features are fully embedded into the application. To display discussions, comments, and actions in the right side panel, choose the collaboration icon in the right upper corner of the window. As a discussion usually is related to business content (for example, to a report), all comments can be displayed together easily with the topic of the discussion. Not only all comments, but also other actions such as creating new tasks are recorded in the discussion thread as posts. A hyperlink in the corresponding post leads you directly to the related content. Working on the content itself is just one click away. Create discussions that refer to business content If you create an event, a discussion is automatically created. The event name is used by default as the discussion name. From the discussion thread, you can easily open the related event. If you display a report and want to start a discussion about that topic, your report is automatically related to the new discussion. Note You can also create a discussion that is not related to any business content. You can always pin a report to a discussion later if necessary, or attach the file you want to discuss. Example If the report MyReport_01 is displayed and you create a new discussion, your report is pinned automatically to the new discussion. The report name is used by default as the discussion name, and the description will be Discussion for report MyReport_01. Discuss with specific people The content of a discussion is visible only to its participants. When creating a new discussion, you can invite as many participants as you like. If you want to discuss a confidential topic with only one colleague, you can start a one-to-one discussion that is not visible to any other users SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Collaboration

155 Once you have invited a user to a discussion, an notification is automatically sent to the user. Note In case you are not the right person to be involved in a certain discussion, you can leave the discussion. You are removed from the participant list and no longer have access to the discussion. Manage your work with tasks instead of sending mails Once you create a discussion, you can easily create related tasks, assign users, and set reminders. All tasks created from the discussion menu are automatically added to the discussion thread and can be opened directly from there. Follow the discussion and stay informed Notifications are a very convenient way of staying up to date with the content of a discussion. Notifications are color-coded by type and can be easily identified. The system posts the following color-coded actions in the discussion thread: light blue: text posted blue: report pinned to discussion, attachment added, task created gray: invitation sent, report removed from discussion peach: discuss report cell Add attachments to a discussion and provide more information You can attach any file that is already stored in the file repository (such as an Excel sheet) to a discussion. In addition, you can also upload a file from your computer. Close a discussion and block new posts Once an issue you discussed has been resolved, there may come a time when you would like to prevent participants from making further posts or replies, but still be able to read the posts that have been made. When this is the case, you can close your discussion. The discussion is kept in place, but the participants have read-only permission. Closing a discussion means that you cannot post messages, add resources, invite participants, or create tasks. When a discussion has been closed, all collaboration functions for the discussion are deactivated. In the discussion list, you can identify a closed discussion easily by the greyed-out icon. Collaboration 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 155

156 Note You can filter discussions according to their status. By default, only active discussions are displayed in the discussion list. Delete a discussion including all of its posts Once you do not need a discussion anymore, you can delete it. The discussion and all of its content are technically deleted and longer visible to any users. Related Information Explore the Collaboration Process [page 156] Reports [page 62] Events [page 159] 8.1 Explore the Collaboration Process This is an example how you can discuss a report. 1. Create discussion 2. Invite participants 3. Participant that was invited by accident leaves the discussion 4. Pin report to discussion or share private report version 5. Post comment 6. Read automatically posted information about all actions on the discussion (for example, new post from user SYSTEM 1 hour ago) 7. Discuss report cell 8. Add attachment 9. Create task 1. Assign task to participants 2. Relate content to task 3. Set reminder 4. Carry out task 5. Review task 6. Change task status from open to complete 10. Close discussion 11. Delete discussion SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Collaboration

157 Related Information Collaboration [page 154] 8.2 What's in a Discussion No matter if you discuss an event or a report, in the discussion thread, you can find much more information than only the current comments posted. All actions a user made in a discussion are automatically recorded and any business content is linked. That makes it easy for you to follow up on other users' actions. In addition, you can jump to any business content added to a discussion with one click, just by following the link that is posted in the thread. Every action comes with a time stamp so you can also see when something happened. Table 28: Actions documented in a discussion thread Action Color Symbol Description Example Post Comment light blue Bubble Shows the text a user posted. Share Report blue Roll of paper Shows the report name that is linked to a discussion and the user name of the user who added it. Invite Participant grey Rectangle Shows the user name that is invited to a discussion and the user name of the user who invited him. Add Attachment blue Paper clip Shows the file name that is linked to an attachment and the user name of the user who added it. Create Task blue Clipboard Shows the task name that is linked to an attachment and the user name of the user who added it. Create Event blue Clipboard Shows the event name that is linked to the discussion and the user name of the user who created it. Hi Carol, Could you please check my assumptions? Thanks! Report: Budget Q Added by SYSTEM SYSTEM has invited Betty Blue. File: Reporter.png Added by SYSTEM A new task has been created for Matt Hooper. Added by SYSTEM This discussion is based on the event Review. Added by SYSTEM Collaboration 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 157

158 Action Color Symbol Description Example Discuss Cell peach Bubble with pencil and paper Shows a link to the highlighted cells to discuss and the comment posted. Discuss cell(s): Please check these values. Close Discussion grey Rectangle Shows the user name of the user who closed the discussion. SYSTEM has closed this discussion SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Collaboration

159 9 Events To manage your planning projects, you will need to create events and tasks in the planning calendar. You must then assign the people who will do the work for each task and, optionally, people to review the completed task. Planning typically includes the following activities: Creating events based on processes and event categories Creating tasks, assigning them to users and setting due dates Discussing events and tasks with your colleagues using the Collaboration features Monitoring the progress of the plan using the Timeline view If required, you can also synchronize your planning data with other applications by exporting a plan or importing from SAP Business Planning and Consolidation application (BPC). Organizing Using Categories and Processes At a high level, you can organize events on the basis of user-defined processes and use color-coded categories to organize, manage, and display your plans in a visually appealing way. Events are displayed on the Calendar and Timeline organized on the basis of their process and category. Once the plan is in progress, you can give key events, such as project milestones, high visibility by pinning them to the home screen. Creating Events For the detailed planning process, start by analyzing the project and by breaking it down into a sequence of events. You must then select people for each event, create the individual detailed tasks, and assign people to each task. Due Dates and Reminders You must define a due date for each event and task and (optionally) set up a review cycle to ensure that all stages of the plan follow a verification process. If you set up reminders for the tasks and events of the plan, people assigned to the tasks will receive on-screen notifications or messages to inform them when a due date is approaching. Events 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 159

160 9.1 Creating Events Create events in the planning calendar and select the users who will work on the related activities. Context Note You can define additional color-coded categories and processes for events from the Events Actions menu. Within each category any number of user-defined processes can be created. Procedure 1. Choose the New toolbar button (+ symbol) and select New Event. 2. Select the Category and optionally a Process for the event. 3. Select all Assignees who will be required for the whole event using the Select Users feature. You can then assign people from this group of users to individual tasks as you create the tasks. By default, the Owner of the event is the user who creates it. You can change this later to ensure that notifications are addressed to the right person to the real task owner, not the creator. 4. You can add Links from the event to any existing object (such as a report or a file) in the application. 5. You can set up Reminders for the event (in relation to the specified due date) to trigger notification messages to all users who are assigned to tasks that are not yet complete. 9.2 Creating Tasks Create tasks for each event and assign users to the task. Context You can add a task directly to an event by choosing the Related Tasks + symbol or by choosing the New toolbar button (+ symbol) and selecting New Task SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Events

161 Procedure 1. Assign one or more users to the task. The people you assign to a task are firstly, the assignees (with responsibility for completing the task) and secondly, if required, the reviewers and final reviewers. 2. As with Events, you can add Links to existing objects and you can also set up Reminders for the task. 9.3 Monitoring Plans Once the plan has been set up, the automated workflow of the plan keeps the status updated. You can monitor progress of the plan in the calendar or view the plan as a timeline showing all events for a single selected process. Workflow The workflow functionality is interactive: 1. The task owner assigns a task to the assignee who then receives a notification. 2. The assignee must accept (or decline) the task. 3. When the work is complete the assignee clicks Done. This updates the status of the task and triggers further notifications, either to the users who are assigned as reviewers or to the event owner, as appropriate. Monitoring You can choose to display the plan in either of two formats: Calendar view (tabular) Linear preview (timeline) for all events and tasks which belong to a single process You can identify the task status easily: Tasks that are in progress are displayed on screen as an empty circle Completed tasks appear as a filled circle Using Filters You can use the Filter feature to reduce the amount of information shown. Filters are available for: Events Tasks Roles (Creator, Assignee, Reviewer, Approver) Events 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 161

162 Categories and Processes The filter applies to both the calendar and timeline views. Configuring the Timeline You can configure how much information is displayed on the timeline as follows: 1. Select Timeline to make the timeline visible and then choose Edit Timeline. 2. Set the number of days to show and select the categories you want to see. 9.4 Explore Reminders You can create reminder notifications to be automatically sent to people who are assigned to tasks. The reminder is sent either as a message within the application or as an sent to the user's address. Types of reminder: Event Reminder Task Reminder On-the-fly reminder Reminder messages are sent the specified number of days before the due date and can be sent as either (or both) on-screen notification messages or s (the user mail address must be defined in User Management). 9.5 Collaboration for Events and Tasks There are many options for collaborating on the plan with colleagues: you can discuss the plan within the group of contributors, chat with colleagues, and upload resources to share with the group. Discussion You can use the collaboration features in Events, firstly, by choosing the Discuss With Group button in the event, or by contributing to an existing discussion by choosing the Collaboration button, which either displays the Collaboration panel or hides it if it is already visible SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Events

163 Chat When the Collaboration panel is open, you can drill down into one of the open discussions and contribute to the discussion using chat. The history of chat contributions is maintained with the event. Sharing Attachments In addition to chat contributions, you can use the options available from the New menu to attach files to the discussion (files that have either already been uploaded or files that are saved locally) or to focus the discussion on specific details of an existing report (options to Share Report Version and Discuss Cell). Manage Collaboration Within Collaboration, you can also use the options of the Manage Collaboration menu. From this menu, you can directly communicate (using chat) with individual participants in the discussion; the menu also gives you access to any related content that has been added to the discussion. 9.6 Exporting and Importing Calendar Events You can exchange planning data with other applications. You can export events in calendar exchange format (icalendar) and you can import Business Process Flow data from SAP Planning and Consolidation for Microsoft Exporting Events Follow these steps to export events. Context You can export events in calendar exchange format (icalendar). Events 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 163

164 Procedure Select the event and click the Export button on the toolbar. Results This downloads the event and saves it as a file in your local Downloads directory. It is saved in icalendar (*.ics) format which can then be sent by mail, for example, to other colleagues and reused in other calendar applications Importing Events You can import Business Process Flow events (steps) from the SAP Business Planning and Consolidation application (BPC). Prerequisites To do this, you need to have access rights to the source BPC system, and you will be required to log in to this application at the beginning of the import process. Procedure 1. Choose the Import BPF button on the toolbar, select the BPC system, and log in to the application. 2. Select the Environment, Model, and BPF information you require and choose Import to begin the import process SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Events

165 10 Users To manage users, roles, and passwords in the application, SAP Cloud for Analytics provides its own user interface. The user management of SAP Cloud for Analytics is connected to the user management and authentication mechanisms provided with SAP HANA platform. For example, user types and password policies are reused from SAP HANA. Note A user created in SAP Cloud for Analytics is actually a standard SAP HANA user, but not the other way around. Therefore, the security recommendations and guidelines for user administration and authentication as described in the SAP HANA Security Guide also apply to SAP Cloud for Analytics. In addition to these guidelines, you can find information about user administration and authentication that specifically applies to SAP Cloud for Analytics in this chapter. Related Information About Authorizations [page 165] Creating Business Users [page 171] Creating Roles [page 174] Requesting Roles [page 175] About the User Profile [page 177] Creating a New Password [page 178] 10.1 About Authorizations If you are a system administrator, the following information helps you to understand how the authorization concept of SAP Cloud for Analytics is related to the backend SAP HANA system. SAP Cloud for Analytics uses its own authorization concept and tool to define and manage the authorizations in the application, but as all the backend SAP HANA access is performed under the current end user, some required SAP HANA authorization and roles need to be assigned to the user accordingly. This is automatically handled during role assignment in SAP Cloud for Analytics. Therefore, the guidelines for authorization as described in the SAP HANA Security Guide also partially apply to SAP Cloud for Analytics. Users 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 165

166 Dependencies between Roles, Users, and Authorizations The following information explains how roles, users, and authorizations in SAP Cloud for Analytics and in SAP HANA are related. The following diagram illustrates the connection between roles and authorizations: The application role contains the authorizations and can be assigned to an end user in the user management of SAP Cloud for Analytics. When the system administrator creates a new application role, a SAP HANA role is generated accordingly that includes the required SAP HANA privileges to perform all tasks that are defined in the application role. When an application role is assigned to the end user, the corresponding SAP HANA role will automatically be assigned to that user, too. Note In SAP Cloud for Analytics, users can also request the application role with a self-service feature. All levels of authorization that are granted directly or indirectly through roles to a user are combined: Whenever a user accesses an object, the system performs an authorization check on the user, the user's roles, and the directly granted authorizations. Note As the owner of an object or a resource, you always have all privileges on that object or resource User Administration Tools Find a list of all tools a system administrator uses to manage users of SAP Cloud for Analytics. Table 29: Tool SAP Cloud for Analytics Web Client User editor of SAP HANA Studio SAP HANA HDBSQL Purpose Manages the end user in SAP Cloud for Analytics. Sets up the database service user for SAP Cloud for Analytics and manages the password policy in the system SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. Users