National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme

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Carmel Lindsey
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1 National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme Introduction Iodine is essential micronutrient with an average daily requirement of micrograms for normal human growth and development. There is an increasing evidence of distribution of environmental Iodine deficiency in various parts of country. On basis of surveys conducted by Directorate General of Health Services, Indian Council of Medical Research Health Institutions and State Health Directorates, it has been found that out of 321 districts surveyed in all 28 States and 7 Uts, 260 districts are endemic ie where prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDDs) is more than 10%. (Annexure-I) It is also estimated that more than 71 million persons are suffering from Iodine Deficiency Disorders. These disorders include abortions, stillbirth, mental retardation, dwarfism, deaf mutism, squint, goitre and neuromotor defects MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM : As per information available more than 1.5 billion population of World are at risk from Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) out of which, it is estimated about 200 Million people are in country. The surveys conducted by Central and State Health Directorates, ICMR and Medical Institutes have clearly 1. demonstrated Surveys to assess that not even magnitude a single of State/UT Iodine is Deficiency free from problem Disorders. of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. 2. Supply of iodated salt in place of common salt. 3. Resurveys to assess iodine deficiency disorders and CONTROL impact PROGRAMME of iodated salt after : every 5 years. 4. Laboratory monitoring of iodated salt and urinary iodine Realizing excretion. magnitude of problem Government of India launched 5. Health a 100 Education per cent centrally and Publicity. assisted National Goitre Control Programme (NGCP) in The important objectives of programme are as In follows: August, 1992 National Goitre Control Programme (NGCP) was renamed as National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (NIDDCP) with a view of wide spectrum of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. POLICY On recommendations of Central Council of Health in 1984, Government took a policy decision to Iodate entire edible salt in country by The programme

On basis of surveys conducted by Directorate General of Health Services, Indian Council of Medical Research Health Institutions and State Health Directorates, it has been found that out of 321

2 The important activities being undertaken by IDD Cell of Directorate General of Health Services are:-.technical guidance to States\UTs. Inter-sectoral co-ordination at Central level and maintenance of close liaison with Ministry of Industry/Information and Broadcasting /Transport etc. Coordination of various facets of National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme in States/Uts. Undertaking independent sample surveys in various States/Uts. Imparting training to State Health personnel involved in National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme Collection, compilation and analysis of relevant data from States /Uts with a view to render more effective and meaningful advice. Monitoring of quality control of iodated salt at production Functions level of Salt Commissioner salt Commissioner and at distribution The Salt and Commissioner s consumer level Office under State Ministry Health Directorates. of Industry is responsible for licensing, production and distribution and monitoring quality of Iodated salt at Monitoring production level procurement supplied to and States\Uts distribution of Iodated (i) salt in States/Uts. The Salt Commissioner s Office is also responsible to assist small-scale manufacturers in To gaining look after access to IEC activities Iodisation at process apex level. for iodated salt produced by m. (ii) The Salt Commissioner in consultation To monitor financial and or physical aspects of with Ministry of Railways arranges for movement State Level IDD Cells. of iodated salt from production center to States\Uts. (iii) To assist Small Scale Iodated Salt Manufacturers as a result of Compulsory Iodisation of Salt is that y are not in a position to install idolization plant because of high cost involved. According to Salt Commissioner 40 Iodisation plants have also been donated to 40 Small Scale

Coordination of various facets of National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme in States/Uts. Undertaking independent sample surveys in various States/Uts.

3 i) (d) Promotion of co-operative Societies in Salt Industry and promotion of labour welfare activities of salt works. ACHIEVEMENTS The achievements made under major components of existing programme from its inception to date are as under:- (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi) (vii) (v) (viii) The policy of iodated salt production has been liberalized to private sectors. Salt Commissioner has so far licensed 930 private manufacturers out of which 552 units have commenced production. They have annual production capacity of more than 130 lakh metric tonnes of iodated salt. The annual production of iodated salt has been raised from 5 lakh metric tonnes to 46 lakh metric tonnes in The Salt Commissioner in consultation with Ministry of Railways arranges for transportation of iodated salt from production centers to consuming States under priority category `B` a priority second to that for defense. Funds are provided to for Salt training Commissioner medical and `s paramedical Office for maintaining personnel and quality monitoring control of iodine iodated content salt at of salt production and urine. level. For One effective IDD monitoring lab, and in proper all implementation States/Uts has of been NIDDCP sanctioned all for States Iodine and content UTs of have salt been and Urinary advised to Iodine establish excretion, IDD which Control are Cell in most effective State Health tools Directorate for proper and implementation Central Government of IDD provides Control cash grants Programme. for this Tentative purpose. Presently allocation 30 of States funds and has Union been Territories provided for have this established purpose to such all type States/UTs of cells. Ministry of Health is providing 100% financial assistance to all States/Uts for establishment of an A IDD National Control Reference Cell, an Laboratory IDD Monitoring monitoring laboratory, of IDD has Health been education set up and at publicity Bio-chemistry and surveys division to assess of National magnitude Institute of IDDs of Communicable Diseases, Delhi Standards of Iodated salt have been laid down under Prevention of Food Adulteration Act. The Standards stipulate that Iodine content of Iodated salt shall not be less than 30 PPM at manufacturing level and not less than 15 PPM at

production has been liberalized to private sectors. Salt Commissioner has so far licensed 930 private manufacturers out of which 552 units have commenced production.

4 A budget provision of Rs crores has been made under National IDD Control Programme, out of Programme regional Kendra of Doordarshan in regional languages. Publicity Song & Drama Division The Song and Drama division has also been associated with IEC activities under NIDDCP. These activities will be carried out in form of folk media street plays, Dance,Drama. Local troupes at village level. They will, perform activities in all districts especially in remote and backward regions in local languages. The emphasis of such activities will be more in States of Bihar, Jharkhand. Uttar Pradesh, Uttranchal, Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh,, Rajasthan, Orissa,. Directorate of Field Publicity The Directorate of Field Publicity have been conducting IEC activities screening of films on IDD, group discussions, Seminars and or special programmes. They will conduct field publicity in remote areas ir network of 268 Field Publicity Units in 22 regions covering entire districts All India Radio The 30 seconds Radio spots on IDD have already been developed in 12 regional languages. It is Health proposed Education to broadcast & Publicity se spots State Govts. various primary channels including local radio stations for wider publicity categories of Film Music and just before In addition Regional to conducting News from IEC activities Local as Akashwani mentioned above kendras at Apex level, State Govts are also provided financial assistance to conduct IEC activities Directorate of Advertisement District level according & Field Publicity to local needs. These activities include special programmes on Global IDD Day, advertisements The DAVP in is newspapers, associated carrying Organization out of IEC Rallies campaigns by School children, Radio publication Talks of messages local appealing channels etc to as per masses requirements for consumption of programme. of Iodated salt in leading national and regional dailies on occasion Ban on Sale of Global of Non IDD Iodated Day. salt The Ministry of Health & FW have imposed restrictions on sale of non Iodated salt for direct human consumption in entire country Budget

These activities will be carried out in form of folk media street plays, Dance,Drama. Local troupes at village level.

5 Annexure-I State/UT Total. Districts Distts.surveyed Endemic Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhatisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Orissa Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tripura Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Uttranchal West Bengal A&N Islands Chandigarh Daman &Diu D&N Haveili NCT Delhi Lakshdweep Pondicherry Total Endemic District- Prevalence of IDD more than 10%

Jammu & Kashmir 15 14 14 Jharkhand 18 9 8 Karnataka 27 20 6 Kerala 14 14 12 Madhya Pradesh 45 14 14 Maharashtra 35 29 21 Manipur 9 8 8 Meghalaya 7 4 4 Mizoram 8 3 3 Nagaland 8 7 7 Orissa

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU *****

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PRESS INFORMATION BUREAU ***** POVERTY ESTIMATES FOR 2004-05 New Delhi, March, 2007 The Planning Commission as the Nodal agency in the Government of India for estimation of poverty