STUDENT PROJECT PROGRAMME

Transcription

1 STUDENT PROJECT PROGRAMME (ENGINEERING SCIENCES) TECHNICAL RECORD 32 nd Series: Released on the occasion of SEMINAR-CUM-EXHIBITION OF SELECTED PROJECTS at NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA (NITK) SURATHKAL, MANGALORE on 4 TH and 5 TH SEPTEMBER, 2009 Organised jointly by KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, BANGALORE and NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA (NITK) SURATHKAL, MANGALORE 1

2 32 nd Series of Student Project Programme - Technical Record : A book on summery of Students Projects selected for Seminar-cum-exhibition for the year Published by Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Compiled and Edited by: Dr. S. G. Sreekanteswara Swamy, Fellow K. N. Venkatesh, Project Assistant, KSCST. Size : Demy 1/4 Pages : 168 KSCST No. of Copies : 700 Published by: Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Telephone : , , Telefax : office@kscst.iisc.ernet.in, spp@kscst.iisc.ernet.in, office@kscst.org.in Website: Supported by: Department of Science and Technology, Government of India and Department of Science and Technology, Government of Karnataka Printed by: Ravi Graphics, Rajajinagar, Bangalore 2 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

3 CONTENTS FOREWORD 13 ABOUT KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 14 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA, SURATHKAL - A BRIEF OVERVIEW 16 PROGRAMME OF 32 ND SERIES: ON 4 TH AND 5 TH SEPTEMBER SEMINAR PROJECTS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE 1. 32S-044 ODOR RECOGNITION SYSTEM KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM BIOTECHNOLOGY 2. 32S-029 AEROMYCOFLORAL STUDIES OF SOME OCCUPATIONAL SITES IN DAVANGERE CITY BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE 3. 32S-278 SLOW PYROLYSIS OF KIKAR FOR GENERATION OF SOLID, LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE 4. 32S-061 COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF POLYMERIC AND CERAMIC MEMBRANES FOR SOME BIOMOLECULAR SEPARATION APPLICATIONS BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE 5. 32S-618 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS INVOLVED AND USED AS BIO- PESTICIDES NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DEVANAHALLI TQ, BANGALORE 6. 32S-779 AN INVESTIGATION INTO EFFICACY OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES OF BIOMASS NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE 7. 32S-790 A STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MICROFLORA AND ITS APPLICATION IN BIODEGRADATION NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE 8. 32S-356 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ORAL HEALTH CARE PRODUCT P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE 9. 32S-372 PROTOCOL FOR RAPID PROPAGATION OF DIOSCOREA RACEMOSA THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, J. P. NAGAR, BANGALORE S-377 STANDARDIZATION OF PROTOCOL FOR THE ISOLATION OF CHITIN FROM MARINE SHELLS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN DYE REMOVAL FROM TEXTILE INDUSTRY THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, J. P. NAGAR, BANGALORE PAGE NO nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

4 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE PAGE NO S-055 DYNAMIC MODELING AND SIMULATION OF FIXED BED CATALYTIC REACTOR BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-1089 AGGLOMERATION OF IRON ORE DUST FINES USING WASTE CALCIA AND FLY ASH DUST FINES DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE S-483 TREATMENT AND REUTILIZATION OF MEDICAL WASTE KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-738 PRODUCTION OF LACTIC ACID FROM MOLLASSES KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-292 REMOVAL OF Ni IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING AGRICULTURAL WASTE : ADSORPTION ON A FIXED-BED COLUMN RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHALKI, BIDAR S-549 REMOVAL OF COLOUR AND COD BY ELECTROCHEMICAL AND ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS FROM DISTILLERY SPENT WASH SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD CIVIL ENGINEERING S-317 MEASUREMENT OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING LYSIMETER ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR MEN, BHATKAL, U. K S-067 EVALUATION OF MINIMUM SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IN RC BEAMS BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT S-071 GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT S-1019 INFLUENCE OF PASTE ON THE FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RECYCLED AGGREGATES BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE S-648 CREATION OF BASE MAP FOR WATER AND SEWAGE NETWORK FOR RAMANAGARAM TOWN USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RAMANAGARAM S-1032 MIX DESIGN AND STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE GLOBAL ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY, RAJAREJESHWARINAGAR, BANGALORE S-1024 RICE HUSK ASH CONCRETE BLOCKS GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BIDAR S-536 ENHANCING THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE THROUGH THE USE OF SUPPLIMENTARY CEMENTING MATERIALS KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-654 NOVEL MATERIAL FOR WATER TREATMENT NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE S-837 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON AIR ENTRAINED FERRO-CEMENT PANELS WITH HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH AND COMPATIBILITY OF ITS CONNECTIONS PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GULBARGA S-914 ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR GROUND WATER - CASE STUDY : DHARWAD TALUKA SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

5 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE PAGE NO S-761 SUSTAINABLE AND COST EFFECTIVENESS BUILDING MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY THROUGH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY GRANITE CUTTING SLURRY WASTE POWDER AND PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGRETATE BY MANGALORE TILES BATS FOR ARCH LINTELS SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-760 DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF HIGH VOLUME FLYASH CONCRETE FOR RIGID PAVEMENT OVERLAYS SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-567 STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE USING FOUNDRY DUST IN FINE AGGREGATE STJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RANIBENNUR, HAVERI S-820 A STUDY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PUTTUR TOWN - DAKSHINA KANNADA VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING S-1042 SPARE BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION USING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CELL EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, VISHWANEEDAM POST, BANGALORE S-455 RELATIONAL DATA OBFUSCATION GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-444 TCP MODELLING FOR CONGESTION CONTROL GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-665 MULTI-LINGUISTIC PEOPLE SEARCH MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN S-144 OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR NETWORKS USING COGNITIVE APPROACH NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE S-742 AUTOMATIC AND DYNAMIC GENERATION OF RANDOM IMAGES P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE S-102 MANAGE PRISONS (CONTROLLING CRIME) SKSVMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LAXMESHWAR ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING S-630 BIOMETRICS FINGER PRINT AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-1077 RFID FOR SECURING THE IGNITION OF BIKES B. V. BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI S-792 DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF MICROCONTROLLER BASED GOVERNOR CONTROLLED IC ENGINE AND ALTERNATOR SET USED FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY USING BIOGAS CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BENJANAPADAVU, BANTWAL TQ, DAKSHINA KANNADA S-1055 AUTOMATED TEMPERATURE TRACKING SYSTEM CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI, TUMKUR S-060 IMAGE MINING EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, VISHWANEEDAM POST, BANGALORE nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

6 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE PAGE NO S-704 INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED PEOPLE USING RFID GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-1088 REMOTE INTELLIGENT PATIENT ASSISTANCE SYSTEM K. S. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE S-190 ASYNC REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM FOR Z8F64 MCU KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA, D.K S-671 DETECTION OF BRAIN TUMOR USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN S-1074 HUMAN IRIS PATTERN RECOGNITION FOR BIOMETRICS NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE S-1043 GSM BASED SMART SENSOR FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATIC FAULT DIAGNOSER WITH VOICE FACILITY VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUDIMAVU, BANGALORE ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING S-934 EMBEDDED POWER THEFT DETECTION AND CONTROL UNIVERSITY B.D.T COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, DAVANGERE 71 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING S-024 WATERCLARIFICATION USING MORINGA OLEIFERA (DRUMSTICK SEEDS) ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-025 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COLOUR REMOVAL AND TREATMENT OF COFFEE EFFLUENT USING BAGASSE FLY ASH AND LATERITE AS A FILTERING MEDIA ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-058 ELECTROCHEMICAL COAGULATION (ECC) TECHNOLOGY FOR TREATMENT OF HOSPITAL WASTEWATER SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE S-228 EFFECT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER ON SOIL PROPERTIES AROUND TREATMENT PLANT VIDYA VARDAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GOKULAM, MYSORE INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING S-1039 INTRUDER ALARM SYSTEM A.P.S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KANAKAPURA ROAD, BANGALORE 75 INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY S-020 QUALITY AND QUANTITY CONTROL IN DIARY INDUSTRIES DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE 75 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING S-274 IDENTIFYING ENERGY SAVING OPPORTUNITIES IN A SUGAR INDUSTRIES THROUGH ENERGY AUDIT AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT S-733 CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATED PACKING MACHINE GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

7 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE PAGE NO S-125 APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS TO GAS SOLID FLUIDIZED BED USING MATLAB KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-605 VARIABLE FLUSH TANK RAO BAHADDUR Y. MAHABALLESHWARAPPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELLARY (VIJAYANAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE) S-333 DEVELOPMENT OF WEAR RESISTANT HIGH VELOCITY OXY-FUEL COATINGS ON SUPER ALLOYS REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, YALAHANKA, BANGALORE S-890 STUDY OF COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF GRAIN REFINED ALUMINIUM SILICON ALLOY USING TIBAL AND Al-Sr AS GRAIN REFINERS SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, M. S. PALYA, JALAHALLI EAST, BANGALORE S-226 ENERGY GENERATION USING FOOT STEPS SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-876 DEVELOPMENT OF JUTE ROVING REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES AND STUDY OF THEIR EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES SJM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHITRADURGA S-770 A STUDY ON BIO-DEGRADABLE POLYMER COMPOSITES AND EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR MINING ENGINEERING S-802 INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF QUARRY DUST AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA, SURATHKAL, MANGALORE 82 TELE ENGINEERING S-302 SMS BASED FIELD AUTOMATION BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BASAVAKALYAN, BIDAR 83 TEXTILE ENGINEERING S-033 SILK FIBROIN PROTEIN BASED BIOMATERIALS BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-035 STUDY OF DAMPING PROPERTIES OF NON-WOVENS IN PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE EXHIBITION PROJECTS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING S-042 DIGITAL HEARING AID USING DSP KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-045 SKIN COLOR MONITOR KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

8 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-047 PULSE OXIMETER USING PSoC KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING S-318 DEVELOPMENT AND FORMULATION OF EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF DAIRY INDUSTRY EFFLUENT B. V. BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI S-028 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF COMPOSTING AND FIELD EVALUATION STUDIES BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-783 BIOFILTERS : AN EMERGING TECHNIQUE NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE S-369 SCREENING OF ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENCY OF BUTEA SUPERBA - A RARE PLANT GENETIC RESOURCE OF WESTERN GHATS THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, J. P. NAGAR, BANGALORE CIVIL ENGINEERING S 1105 MASTER PLANNING FOR DEVELOPING AN UNDERDEVELOPED AREA AT INDIRANAGAR, MADIKERI KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA, D.K. COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING S-380 TOUCH SCREEN BASED SMS IN REAL TIME ENVIRONMENT DR. AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE S-453 CODE-X FOR SECURE TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT IN A MULTI CLIENT / SERVER TERRA FIRMA GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-445 VIDEO MINING PATTERN RECOVERY VS. PATTERN RECOGNITION GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-451 Q-ROUTING IN DYNAMIC NETWORKS USING MOBILE AGENTS GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-545 DATA GUARD - THE ULTIMATE PROTECTOR JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA S-548 CONTENT AUTHENTICATION OF DIGITAL IMAGES USING FRAGILE AND SEMI-FRAGILE WATERMARKING TECHNIQUES JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA S-938 WEBCAM BASED HUMAN TO MACHINE INTERACTION (WEBCAM MOUSE) JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA S-1078 MECHANISMS FOR TEMPORAL PARTITIONING IN THE SYSTEM OF AN INTEGRATED ARCHITECTURE AND ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, KENGERI-UTTARAHALLI MAIN RD, BANGALORE S-915 GSM BASED WIRELESS DISTRIBUTED ENERGY BILLING SYSTEM KLS'S VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL, U.K S-057 ATM USING FINGER PRINTS KNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HEGDE NAGAR POST, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE PAGE NO nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

9 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-615 SYNCHRONISED TELE MEDICINE USING WAP NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, DEVANAHALLI TQ, BANGALORE S-581 WIRELESS AUDIENCE POLLING SYSTEM STJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RANIBENNUR, HAVERI ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING S-1060 GSM BASED ELECTRICAL BILLING AND CUT-OFF SYSTEM ACHARYA POLYTECHNIC, SOLADEVANAHALLI, BANGALORE S-475 AUTOMISED JACQUARD POWER LOOM KLE SOCEITY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-1048 WIRELESS TILT JOYSTICK RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHANNASANDRA, BANGALORE S-1054 WIRELESS WEATHER STATION MONITORING SYSTEM USING GSM SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, SAI LEO NAGAR, ANEKAL, BANGALORE ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING S-634 MICROCONTROLLER BASED SURVIELLANCE ROBOT FOR A MILITARY APPLICATION ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-233 GSM BASED AUTO DIALING SYSTEM BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-238 AUTO TAPPING SYSTEM USING RF SPECTRUM ANALYZER BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-240 LOCATION BASED WILD ANIMAL INSTRUSION ALARM SYSTEM BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-243 SIXTH SENSE OF POWER VIGILANCE BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-244 GPS BASED NAVIGATOR WITH VOICE ANNOUNCEMENT BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-248 VIDEO SURVEILLANCE FOR SMOKERS AND FIRE DETECTION USING CELL PHONE WITH EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGY BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-249 MULTI FLOOR SMARTCARD BASED AUTOMATED PARKING SYSTEM BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-982 AUTOMATIC BED FOR IMMOVABLE PATIENTS BLDEA S V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR S-988 INFUSION SYSTEM BLDEA S V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR S-995 POWER SAVING USING MICROCONTROLLER AND RF BLDEA S V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR S-650 BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATED ATM COORG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PONNAMPET, SOUTH KODAGU S-626 MYSTIC EYE - AN INSIGHT INTO DEPTH GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RAMANAGARAM PAGE NO nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

10 SL. No. 10 PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-698 CORPORATION WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-710 EYE BALL SENSED AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC WHEEL CHAIR FOR PARALYZED PATIENTS GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-394 IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC NOSE (E-NOSE) GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-1100 POWER SAVING USING AUTOMISATION HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI, BELGAUM S-107 VOICE CONTROLLED WHEELCHAIR FOR THE DISABLED KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-110 AUTOMATION OF PETROLEUM RETAIL OUTLETS KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-111 AUTOMATED TOLL COLLECTION AND ALCOHOL DETECTION KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-112 ELECTRONIC SECURITY SYSTEM FOR RAILWAY COMPARTMENT KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-597 PUBLIC-i-PARTNER KLS'S VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL, U.K S-175 AN IMAGE INPAINTING TECHNIQUE BASED ON THE FAST MARCHING METHOD KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA, D.K S-1050 SMART POWER METER NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE S-955 GSM NETWORK CONTROLLED ROBOT WITH VIDEO AND AUDIO PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET, BELLARY S-1047 ULTRASONIC ANTI-CRASHING SYSTEM RNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHANNASANDRA, BANGALORE S-1099 SMART AMBULANCE RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, HULKOTI, GADAG S-885 MICROCONTROLLER BASED SPY ROBOTIC VEHICLE USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY (SPYBOT) SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, M. S. PALYA, JALAHALLI EAST, BANGALORE S-482 GSM BASED CENTRALIZED ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-040 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-868 ELECTRONIC EMBEDDED DATA VERIFICATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOBILES SJM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHITRADURGA S-1068 CELLPHONE OPERATED LAND ROVER ST. JOSEPH ENGINEERING COLLEGE, VAMANJOOR, MANGALORE S-148 WIRELESS MICROCONTROLLER BASED BLACK BOX FOR CAR TONTADARYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GADAG S-257 ADAPTIVE AUTOMOBILE HEADLIGHTS UNIVERSITY VISVESWARAYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, K.R. CIRCLE, BANGALORE PAGE NO nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

11 ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-662 MICROCONTROLLER BASED REMOTE CONTROL VEHICLE WITH VIDEO FEEDBACK UNIVERSITY B.D.T COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, DAVANGERE PAGE NO. 133 INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION ENGINEERING S-672 HYBRID TWO WHEELER MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN 134 INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING S-1045 FACE DETECTION USING HSV (BY PERFORMING SKIN SEARCH OF INPUT IMAGE) BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE S-013 PATIENT MONITORING SKSVMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LAXMESHWAR INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING S-021 REMOTE CONTROLLED DETECT AND DESTROY VEHICLE BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE S-953 LIFE MADE EASIER FOR BLIND PEOPLE PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET, BELLARY S-954 AUTOMATION OF AGRICULTURE USING MICROCONTROLLERS PROUDHADEVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HOSPET, BELLARY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING S-539 QUICK CHAP - CHAPATHI MAKER ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HESARAGHATTA ROAD, BANGALORE S-082 A DEVICE TO EXTRACT POMEGRANATE SEEDS BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT S-731 CRASH SLIDING SYSTEM GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-899 SEED COATING MACHINE GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-138 PASSIVE INDIRECT TYPE SOLAR - COCONUT DRYER KALPATARU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIPTUR S-158 DOMESTIC SOLAR WATER HEATING BY USING THERMAL FLUID KALPATARU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIPTUR S-598 PROXIMITY SENSOR BASED PROGRAMMABLE TURNING CENTRE KLS'S VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL, U.K S-880 HYBRID NANO CAR SAPTHAGIRI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HESSARGHATA MAIN ROAD, BANGALORE nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

12 TELE ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-902 ECONOMICAL ALCOHOL BREATH ANALYSER P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE S-903 BLIND ASSISTING DEVICE P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE S1104 ROBOTIC ARMY SURVEILLANCE SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR TEXTILE ENGINEERING S-282 SOME STUDIES ON FABRICS PRODUCED BY DYNEEMA FIBRES FOR DEFENCE APPLICATION BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE PAGE NO LIST OF PROJECTS SELECTED FOR PROJECT OF THE YEAR AWARD AND COMMENDATION CERTIFICATE DURING SEMINAR CUM EXHIBITION OF 31 ST SERIES: STUDENT PROJECTS SANCTIONED UNDER 32 ND SERIES: DETAILS OF STUDENT PROJECT PROGRAMME SEMINAR CUM EXHIBITION HELD 164 ABSTRACTS OF TECHNICAL LECTURES nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

13 FOREWORD Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST) was founded in the year 1975 with a view to utilize the scientific and technical expertise of a large number of Scientists, Technologists and Engineers in the State to alleviate prevailing poverty, improve the living standards of people and to reduce differentiation through S & T intervention. Housing, Energy, Environment, Water and Waste Management are some of the sectors that were identified by KSCST for improved and efficient management through S and T intervention. Some of the success stories arising from the activities of the Council include: design of novel biogas plants, solar collectors, solar pond, gasifiers, design of high efficiency cooking stove (ASTRA Ole), setting up of rural energy centres and innovative use of sisal plant. Recent major initiatives of KSCST for societal benefits include Rain Water Harvesting, Karnataka State Spatial Data Infrastructure and Waste Management. Apart from playing a catalytic role in the implementation of sustainable technologies to society-centric problems/ issues, KSCST has also been promoting research, development and innovation in universities. Innovation and technology are needed to transform our nation from reliance on the exploitation of natural resources to technological innovation as basis for sustainable and all inclusive development. Recognising this need, KSCST initiated Student Projects Programme, popularly known as SPP as early as The main purpose of this programme is to bring out hidden talent and innovative spirit burning in the minds of engineers graduating from colleges across the State. Under this programme, KSCST has been providing both technical and financial support to projects undertaken by the final year engineering students of VTU and of other engineering colleges. All these projects were selected and funded by KSCST after peer review by the faculty of Indian Institute of Science. After the completion of projects, they were again evaluated by the experts. In this series the Council has supported projects in various fields right from agricultural sciences to embedded systems to nanotechnology. Thus KSCST has been playing crucial role in building confidence and enhancing capabilities of engineering graduates passing out from colleges in the State. This is the 32 nd SPP Seminar in the series conducted uninterruptedly. We are very pleased that National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Mangalore, an institution with a very good reputation, is hosting this programme. We hope that this Seminar and Exhibition will inspire students to become more innovative and build innovative society. We thank the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India and Government of Karnataka for their continued support in the conduct of this programme. Prof. M. S. Mohan Kumar Secretary, KSCST 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

14 ABOUT KSCST Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST) was established in 1975 to play a catalytic role in promoting the application of Science and Technology in developmental processes of the state in order to benefit a large segment of people. KSCST is the first State Council to be set up in the country to fulfill the long-felt need of bringing together administrators, field level officers in various government departments, scientists and technologists in research laboratories and research institutions. The council has chosen many areas like Energy, Agriculture, Water, Housing, Health and Education for its activities. The Council has completed several projects in these areas such as Mid-day Meals for School Children, Lowcost Housing, Solar Energy Applications, Zoning Atlas, Mapping for use in district administration, Water resources development, Hand pumps for drinking water wells in villages, etc. The objectives of the State Council are: To identify areas for application of Science and Technology to development needs, objectives and goals for Karnataka, and in particular, to the prevailing conditions of backwardness, rural unemployment and poverty; To advise government on the formulation of policies and measures including technical, administrative and legal devices, which will promote such applications to identified needs, objectives and goals; in particular to health, education and manpower utilisation with special emphasis on the development of human skills in the rural areas and in the slums; and which will promote the scientific management of the natural resources of the State; To promote effective coordination and to develop and foster communication and other links between centres of scientific and technological research, Government agencies, farms and industries so that promising Research and Development work is initiated, promoted and effectively deployed in agriculture, in government and elsewhere; To initiate, support and coordinate applied research programmes in universities and other institutions in areas identified to be specially suitable for the application of Science and Technology; To prepare Science and Technology plans relevant to the development needs of the State; To consider, and advise the government on such other matters as relevant to the application of Science and Technology to the problems of Karnataka State. The Council has constantly involved several institutions and governmental agencies to identify research areas of interest in major concerns such as Housing, Energy, Water supply, Ecology and Environment, Industries and Rural employment. The Council has evolved a methodology of conducting workshops with participation by leading scientists and administrators and technocrats to identify problems faced, in the state, in each area and to formulate research projects based on these identified problems. These problems were given to different research labs for study and to evolve solutions and these have also been implemented in the fields wherever found suitable. The Council has undertaken several path breaking programs in the area of Energy. To name a few, it has setup a rotor windmill for pumping water at Ungra, a community biogas nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

15 service unit supplying water and electricity in Pura, Energy Parks in different parts of the state, Solar water heating systems in several places. It has also set up Microhydel station at Elaneer village in Dakshina Kannada district and Vanachalu village near Mercara, which uses a modern technology of cross flow turbines. KSCST has assisted the state in district level planning in 29 districts through setting up of Natural Resources Data Management System (NRDMS) centers in these districts. These centers use modern scientific tools like Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial data support system for use in identifying locations with problems like drinking water supply, location of hospitals, schools, etc. This helps in empowerment of local bodies of governance in optimal use of resources. Rainwater Harvesting is one of the important programme of the Council. KSCST has done lots of experimentation in treatment of municipal solid and liquid wastes and their recycling. KSCST has participated in the identification of research programmes in the area of biodiversity. KSCST is involved in identifying the problems and strategies for S&T inputs in various sectors. One of the major activities of KSCST has been to improve the quality of education in our colleges. In view of this, Student Project Programme (SPP) was started during to sponsor engineering student projects and this innovative project has been playing a very important role for last three decades. Many projects deal with technologies for use in applications very relevant to the State. During the 32 nd series ( ) of this programme which commenced in November 2008, a total of 272 projects from 70 colleges were sponsored by the Council. Since its start in 1978, the Council, under this programme, has supported nearly 6500 projects. The success of these activities are mainly due to excellent co-operation which the Council received from different departments of the Government and the scientific community in different research institutions of Karnataka, particularly Indian Institute of Science. The support and cooperation of many senior functionaries of the State Government like the Chief Minister, Minister for Science and Technology, Finance Minister, Minister for Rural Development and Panchayat Raj as well as the Chief Secretary, Additional Chief Secretary, Development Commissioner, Finance Secretary, Science and Technology Secretariat are extremely important in the success of these activities. The Council has completed 33 years and is looking forward for even more participation from colleges for improving the performance further. * ~ * ~ * 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

16 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA (NITK), SURATHKAL, MANGALORE - A BRIEF OVERVIEW The National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal is located in Mangalore city, Karnataka State, India. Surathkal was earlier a small local town but with rapid growth of the city, it is now included within the city limits of Mangalore. Mangalore is the headquarters of the coastal District of Dakshina Kannada and boasts of being an important centre of business and trade in Karnataka state. The presence of an all-weather major port at Mangalore has seen rapid industrial growth in the hinterland covering large parts of Karnataka and extending upto the state capital, Bangalore. Mangalore has also been ear marked for establishment of Special Economic Zones and Information Technology Parks. Dakshina Kannada Districts boasts of 100% literacy and is well known for its educational institutions. Mangalore is a popular tourist destination and is well known for pristine beaches, temples and unique cuisine. Shri. U. Srinivasa Mallya, a visionary and a philanthropist contributed immensely to the development of the coastal region of Karnataka. Among the many achievements to his credit, his effort towards establishment of the Karnataka Regional Engineering College (now NITK) at Surathkal is probably the most significant one. In recognition of his role as the founder and architect of NITK, the campus is named after him as Srinivasnagar. Vision: To facilitate transformation of students into good human beings, responsible citizens and competent professionals, focusing on assimilitation, generation and dissemination of knowledge. Mission: Impart quality education to meet the needs of profession and society, and achieve excellency in teaching learning and research. Attract and develop talented and committed human resource, and provide an environment conducive to innovation, creativity, team spirit and entrepreneurial leadership. Facilitate effective interactions among faculty and students, and foster networking with alumni, industries, institutions and other stake-holders. Practice and promote high standards of professional ethics, transparency and accountability. Team NITK: An amalgamation of: 14 Departments 11 supporting centers 200 highly qualified and dedicated faculty 300 committed supporting staff 3300 talented and motivated students distinguished alumni and 49 years of experience in producing world class Engineers and Leaders. Goals and Objectives Promote Education meeting international quality standards Develop and sustain an environment to encourage innovation, creativity, team spirit and Entrepreneurial Leadership Enhance research output and integrate with teaching-learning process Create and maintain State-of-the-art infrastructure and facilities Attract and develop talented and committed human resource Facilitate effective interaction among faculty and students nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

17 Establish effective networking with alumni, industries, institutions and other stake-holders, at national and international levels Conform to the highest standards of professional ethics. Governance: NITK is governed by the board of Governors which consists of representatives of the Government of India, Government of Karnataka, Alumni, Industry and other nominees. The Chairman of the board is nominated by Government of India. The Director is administrative Head of the institute. The functioning of NITK is governed by NIT Act 2007 and rules laid down by Government of India. Major Facilities and Centers Campus: Lush green 300 acres campus with a private beach Residential campus, self sufficient in every respect Shopping complex, schools, banks with ATM s, post office, hospitals, cafeterias 1200 seater Auditorium, 1800 capacity Open Air Theater Institute Guest House with VIP suites. Class Rooms and Laboratories: 70 class rooms, many equipped with audio-visual facilities Over 65 Laboratories equipped with State-of-the-art equipment Dedicated and qualified laboratory technicians and staff Specialized laboratories established in several Frontiers Thrust Areas of Research and Development Laboratories certified to carry out testing and calibration Few laboratories established with industrial support and collaboration MICO-BOSCH power tool laboratories state-of-art facility for providing training on power tools Division-wise Computer Aided Design Laboratories Language laboratories. Computing: Central Computer Centre (CCC) fully air conditioned, with over 120 stand-alone desktop PC s, 20 central servers 12 core single-mode Fiber based campus network with 1Gbps/ 10 Gbps Backbone speed 24x7 internet connectivity (34 Mbps lease lines of 1:1) to departments, faculty, student hostels and faculty residences Separate departmental computer centers 64-bit IBM power computing laboratory. Prof. Sandeep Sancheti Director, NITK 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

18 KARNATAKA STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KSCST) BANGALORE and NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA (NITK) SURATHKAL, MANGALORE Seminar-cum-Exhibition of Student Project Programme 32nd Series 4 th and 5 th September 2009 Date : 4th September 2009 Time : Noon Venue : Silver Jubilee Auditorium, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal INAUGURAL FUNCTION AM Noon Registration Noon PM Invocation PM PM Welcome Address Prof. Sandeep Sancheti Director, NITK, Surathkal PM PM Introduction of Dignitaries on the Dias PM PM Introductory Remarks Prof. M. S. Mohan Kumar Secretary, KSCST, Bangalore PM PM Lighting the Lamp and Inauguration H. E. Sri. H. R. Bhardwaj Hon ble Governor of Karnataka PM PM Address by Guest of Honour Prof. K. M. Kaveriappa Vice-Chancellor, Mangalore University PM PM Presidential Remarks Sri. Anand Vasant Asnotikar Hon ble Minister for Science and Technology and Fisheries Government of Karnataka PM PM Inaugural Address and Release of SPP Compendium H. E. Sri. H. R. Bhardwaj Hon ble Governor of Karnataka PM PM Vote of Thanks Sri A. R. Shivakumar Executive Secretary, KSCST PM PM Lunch PM PM Technical Lecture PM PM Students Seminar and Projects Exhibition nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

19 TECHNICAL SESSIONS Friday, 4 th SEPTEMBER, PM 3.00 PM TECHNICAL LECTURE - 1 Prof. H. S. Jamadagni Centre for Electronics Design and Technology (CEDT) Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Venue : Seminar Hall, Main Building, NITK SEMINAR SESSION 1: Friday, September 4, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 1 (Hall No. AM-006, Ground Floor, Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : PM PM CHAIRMAN : Dr. H. N. Chanakya, Principal Research Scientist, Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore BIOTECHNOLOGY Sl. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE 1. 32S-029 AEROMYCOFLORAL STUDIES OF SOME OCCUPATIONAL SITES IN DAVANGERE CITY BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE 2. 32S-278 SLOW PYROLYSIS OF KIKAR FOR GENERATION OF SOLID, LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE 3. 32S-061 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERFORMANCE OF POLYMERIC AND CERAMIC MEMBRANES FOR VEGETABLE OIL INDUSTRY WASTE WATER RECYCLING AND SOME BIOMOLECULAR SEPARATION APPLICATIONS BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE 4. 32S-618 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS INVOLVED AND USED AS BIO-PESTICIDES NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE 5. 32S-779 AN INVESTIGATION INTO EFFICACY OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES OF BIOMASS NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE 6. 32S-790 A STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MICROFLORA AND ITS APPLICATION IN BIODEGRADATION NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

20 Sl. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE 7. 32S-356 BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ORAL HEALTH CARE PRODUCT P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE 8. 32S-372 PROTOCOL FOR RAPID PROPAGATION OF DIOSCOREA RACEMOSA THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, J. P. NAGAR, BANGALORE 9. 32S-377 STANDARDIZATION OF PROTOCOL FOR THE ISOLATION OF CHITIN FROM MARINE SHELLS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN DYE REMOVAL FROM TEXTILE INDUSTRY SESSION 2: Friday, September 4, 2009 THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, J. P. NAGAR, BANGALORE VENUE : HALL NO. 2 (MS Seminar Hall (TEQUIP), Ground Floor, Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : PM PM CHAIRMAN : Prof. K. S. Jagadesh, Former Professor of Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore CIVIL ENGINEERING S-317 MEASUREMENT OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING LYSIMETER ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR MEN, BHATKAL, U. K S-067 EVALUATION OF MINIMUM SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IN RC BEAMS S-071 GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT S-1019 INFLUENCE OF PASTE ON THE FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RECYCLED AGGREGATES BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE S-648 CREATION OF BASE MAP FOR WATER AND SEWAGE NETWORK FOR RAMANAGARAM TOWN USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RAMANAGARAM S-1032 MIX DESIGN AND STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE GLOBAL ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY, RAJAREJESHWARINAGAR, BANGALORE S-1024 RICE HUSK ASH CONCRETE BLOCKS GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BIDAR S-536 ENHANCING THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE THROUGH THE USE OF SUPPLIMENTARY CEMENTING MATERIALS KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-654 NOVEL MATERIAL FOR WATER TREATMENT NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

21 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-837 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON AIR ENTRAINED FERRO-CEMENT PANELS WITH HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH AND COMPATIBILITY OF ITS CONNECTIONS PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GULBARGA S-914 ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR GROUND WATER - CASE STUDY : DHARWAD TALUKA SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD S-761 SUSTAINABLE AND COST EFFECTIVENESS BUILDING MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY THROUGH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY GRANITE CUTTING SLURRY WASTE POWDER AND PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGRETATE BY MANGALORE TILES BATS FOR ARCH LINTELS SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-760 DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF HIGH VOLUME FLYASH CONCRETE FOR RIGID PAVEMENT OVERLAYS SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-567 STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE USING FOUNDRY DUST IN FINE AGGREGATE STJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RANIBENNUR, HAVERI S-820 A STUDY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PUTTUR TOWN DAKSHINA KANNADA VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR SESSION 3: Friday, September 4, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 3 (Hall No. AM-007, Ground Floor,Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : PM PM CHAIRMAN : Dr. S. Ramagopal, Principal Research Scientist, Department of Instrumentation, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING S-1042 SPARE BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION USING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CELL EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, VISHWANEEDAM POST, BANGALORE S-455 RELATIONAL DATA OBFUSCATION GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-444 TCP MODELLING FOR CONGESTION CONTROL GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, UDYAMBAG, BELGAUM S-665 MULTI-LINGUISTIC PEOPLE SEARCH MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN S-144 OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR NETWORKS USING COGNITIVE APPROACH NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

22 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-742 AUTOMATIC AND DYNAMIC GENERATION OF RANDOM IMAGES P.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE S-102 MANAGE PRISONS (CONTROLLING CRIME) SKSVMA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LAXMESHWAR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING S-1039 INTRUDER ALARM SYSTEM A.P.S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KANAKAPURA ROAD, BANGALORE SESSION 4: Friday, September 4, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 4 (Hall No. AM-106, First Floor, Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : PM PM CHAIRMAN : Prof. T. Srinivasan, Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING S-630 BIOMETRICS FINGER PRINT AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-1077 FINGERPRINT SCANNER FOR SCURING THE IGNITION OF BIKES B. V. BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI S-792 DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF MICROCONTROLLER BASED GOVERNOR CONTROLLED IC ENGINE AND ALTERNATOR SET USED FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY USING BIOGAS CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BENJANAPADAVU, BANTWAL TQ, DAKSHINA KANNADA S-1055 AUTOMATED TEMPERATURE TRACKING SYSTEM S-060 IMAGE MINING CHANNABASAVESHWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI, TUMKUR EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, VISHWANEEDAM POST, BANGALORE S-704 INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED PEOPLE USING RFID GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-1088 REMOTE INTELLIGENT PATIENT ASSISTANCE SYSTEM K. S. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE S-190 ASYNC REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM FOR Z8F64 MCU KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA, D.K S-671 DETECTION OF BRAIN TUMOR USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

23 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-1074 HUMAN IRIS PATTERN RECOGNITION FOR BIOMETRICS NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE S-1043 GSM BASED SMART SENSOR FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATIC FAULT DIAGNOSER WITH VOICE FACILITY VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUDIMAVU, KUMBALGODU POST, BANGALORE SESSION 5: Friday, September 4, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 5 (Hall No. AM-107, First Floor, Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : PM PM CHAIRMAN : Dr. J. E. Diwakar, Centre for Product Design and Manufacturing, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore MECHANICAL ENGINEERING S-274 IDENTIFYING ENERGY SAVING OPPORTUNITIES IN A SUGAR INDUSTRIES THROUGH ENERGY AUDIT AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT S-733 CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATED PACKING MACHINE GM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-125 APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS TO GAS SOLID FLUIDIZED BED USING MATLAB S-605 VARIABLE FLUSH TANK KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM RAO BAHADDUR Y. MAHABALLESHWARAPPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELLARY (VIJAYANAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE) S-333 DEVELOPMENT OF WEAR RESISTANT HIGH VELOCITY OXY-FUEL COATINGS ON SUPER ALLOYS REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, YALAHANKA, BANGALORE S-890 STUDIES ON COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF GRAIN REFINED ALUMINIUM SILICON ALLOY USING TIBAL AND Al-Sr AS GRAIN REFINERS SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, M. S. PALYA, JALAHALLI EAST, BANGALORE S-226 ENERGY GENERATION USING FOOT STEPS SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR S-876 DEVELOPMENT OF JUTE ROVING REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES AND STUDY OF THEIR EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES SJM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHITRADURGA S-770 A STUDY ON BIO-DEGRADABLE POLYMER COMPOSITES AND EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

24 MINING ENGINEERING S-802 INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF QUARRY DUST AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA, SURATHKAL, MANGALORE PM PM TECHNICAL LECTURE - 2 Prof. K. J. Vinoy, Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Topic : Microsystems Technologies Venue : Seminar Hall, Main Building, NITK PM PM Cultural Programme by students of NITK NOTE: Projects selected for Exhibition Students need to setup their exhibits / working models well in time and be ready to demonstrate at the Exhibition hall. The panel of judges will evaluate these projects from 3.00 PM. Saturday, 5th September, 2009 TECHNICAL SESSIONS AM AM TECHNICAL LECTURE - 3 Prof. K. S. Rangappa Department of Chemistry, Mysore University, Mysore Topic : Bioactive Heterocycles as Chemotherapeutics Venue : Seminar Hall, Main Building, NITK SESSION 1: Saturday, September 5, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 1 (Hall No. AM-006, Ground Floor, Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : AM Noon CHAIRMAN : Dr. J. R. Mudakavi Principal Research Scientist, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-055 DYNAMIC MODELING AND SIMULATION OF FIXED BED CATALYTIC REACTOR BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

25 SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-1089 AGGLOMERATION OF IRON ORE DUST FINES USING WASTE CALCIA AND FLY ASH DUST FINES DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE S-483 TREATMENT AND REUTILIZATION OF MEDICAL WASTE KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-738 PRODUCTION OF LACTIC ACID FROM MOLLASSES KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM S-292 REMOVAL OF Ni IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING AGRICULTURAL WASTE : ADSORPTION ON A FIXED-BED COLUMN RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHALKI, BIDAR S-549 REMOVAL OF COLOUR AND COD BY ELECTROCHEMICAL AND ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS FROM DISTILLERY SPENT WASH TEXTILE ENGINEERING SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD S-033 SILK FIBROIN PROTEIN BASED BIOMATERIALS BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE S-035 STUDY OF SOUND DAMPING PROPERTIES OF NON-WOVENS IN PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SESSION 2 : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE Saturday, September 5, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 2 (MS Seminar Hall (TEQUIP), Ground Floor, Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : AM Noon CHAIRMAN : Dr. K. S. Nanjunada Rao Principal Research Scientist, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING S-024 WATERCLARIFICATION USING MORINGA OLEIFERA (DRUMSTICK SEEDS) ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-025 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COLOUR REMOVAL AND TREATMENT OF COFFEE EFFLUENT USING BAGASSE FLY ASH AND LATERITE AS A FILTERING MEDIA ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR S-058 ELECTROCHEMICAL COAGULATION (ECC) TECHNOLOGY FOR TREATMENT OF HOSPITAL WASTEWATER SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE S-228 EFFECT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER ON SOIL PROPERTIES AROUND TREATMENT PLANT VIDYA VARDAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GOKULAM, MYSORE 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

26 BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-044 ODOR RECOGNITION SYSTEM KLE SOCEITY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM SESSION 3 : Saturday, September 5, 2009 VENUE : HALL NO. 3 (Hall No. AM-007, Ground Floor,Department of Applied Mechanics, NITK) TIME : AM Noon CHAIRMAN : Dr. V. P. S. Naidu Scientist, Multi Sensor Data Fusion Lab, National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING S-934 EMBEDDED POWER THEFT DETECTION AND CONTROL UNIVERSITY B.D.T COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, DAVANGERE INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY S-020 QUALITY AND QUANTITY CONTROL IN DIARY INDUSTRIES DAYANANDASAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE TELE ENGINEERING SL. No. PROJECT REF. NO. TITLE OF THE PROJECT AND NAME OF THE COLLEGE S-302 SMS BASED FIELD AUTOMATION BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BASAVAKALYAN, BIDAR 12 Noon PM TECHNICAL LECTURE 4 Prof. M. Giridhar Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Topic : Development of Conjugated Polymer Nanocomposites for Photocatalysis Venue : Seminar Hall, Main Building, NITK PM PM Lunch Break PM PM VALEDICTORY FUNCTION nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

27 VALEDICTORY FUNCTION Saturday, the 5th September 2009 Time : 3.00 PM Venue : Silver Jubilee Auditorium, NITK PM PM Invocation PM PM Welcome Address Dr. Shyam Kamath Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences NITK, Surathkal PM PM Introduction of Dignitaries on the Dias PM PM Address by Prof. M. S. Mohan Kumar Secretary, KSCST, Bangalore PM PM Chief Guest Sri B. Nagaraj Shetty Chairman, Coastal Development Authority, Karnataka PM PM Guest of Honour Prof. H. P. Khincha Vice-Chancellor, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum PM PM Presidential Remarks Prof. Sandeep Sancheti, Director, NITK, Surathkal PM PM Presentation of Awards PM PM Response of Principals of participating Colleges PM PM Vote of Thanks * ~ * ~ * 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

28 SEMINAR PROJECTS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 1. ODOR RECOGNITION SYSTEM COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : PROF. R. H. HAVALDAR STUDENTS : FLAVIA FERNANDES NAYANA CHAVAN SHWETA SANSTHANAMATH Objective Smell is used to detect danger, such as a gas leak or food burning on the stove. Industries that develop products to help us either smell good or prevent aromatic offense testify the aesthetic importance of odors, as well as its economic value. The primary goal of our present project is to resolve problems related to detection of different gases, smoke and fire using thin film sensors which operate at a remarkably low temperature [ C]. We expect to realize better sensitivity, stability and selectivity of different gas sensors as well as low consumption of power, response and recovery times in comparison with gas sensors produced today by industry. Methodology Sequence of events taking place in the system during the process of recognition:- Results and conclusion: This project detects and recognizes odors of Industrial toxins and pollutants in Industrial processes. The potential of the project is to detect odors in applications other than those mentioned above like Space station and Space shuttle air quality, Toxicology, Military environments, Food processing and in Medicine. BIOTECHNOLOGY 2. AEROMYCOFLORAL STUDIES OF SOME OCCUPATIONAL SITES OF SOME OCCUPATIONAL IN DAVANGERE CITY COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : DR. B.E. RANGASWAMY STUDENTS : MANASAGOURI J GAYATRI RANI K. C. SMITHA D. P. SOWMYA G. S. Introduction: Allergy and immunological disorder are identified as one of the most important health concerns of modern time. According to an estimate about 22% of the population is suffering from some form of allergic disease. A number of biogenic or a-biogenic particles are identified as a potential source of allergens. Mold/fungal spores, pollen grains, dust mites, other plant and animal borne materials are identified as some common allergens. It is essential to have proper knowledge of allergens, their prevalence and mode of action for therapeutic or clinical management of allergy and immunological disorders. The block diagram gives the idea of circuit connection: Respiratory allergy may be more predominant than other forms of allergy because of smaller spore size of certain species of fungi capable of penetrating deep in to the bronchi. Keeping these facts in mind the present investigation was carried out in three occupational sites at Davangere. Objectives: 1. Identification of predominant fungal spores present in different occupational sites like Poultry, food godown, hospital environment and libraries 2. Study of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the fungal spores nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

29 3. Study of these fungal spores in relation to their allergenisity on people work in these different occupational sites. Methodology: a. Prepared Culture plates (using PDA/SDA medium) exposed at different intervals at selected sites. b. Exposed plates were incubated at room temperature. c. The fungal colonies developed were identified and counted on the basis of their colony, mycelia and reproductive characters. d. Data recorded was compiled with their variations e. Photomicrographs of culture plates and identified different fungal spores were recorded f. Fungal sores were identified maximum up to species level. Results and Conclusions: The morphological characters of predominant fungal have been studied and incorporated. The dominant airborne fungal spore types were Aspergillus, Penicillium which accounted for 40-60% of the total fungal catch followed by Mucor and Dreschlera species. Respiratory/allergic disorders have been correlated with the incidence of potential allergy causing fungal organisms in the library, poultry and godown environment as explained by other workers. Scope for future work: Characterization of fungi and bacteria as allergens responsible for the induction of seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma and identifying the specific IgE/IgG binding protein fractions of different allergens will help in immunotherapeutic procedures. Preparation of bacteria and fungi spore calendar and making available to the clinicians for its use in allergy diagnosis. The calendars indicate the occurrence of most predominant types of airborne bacteria and fungal spores in the atmosphere. An attempt can be made to design a model for the forecast of bacteria and fungi and threshold value of allergenic types which will be useful to allergy patients to take precautionary measures. 3. SLOW PYROLYSIS OF KIKAR FOR GENERATION OF SOLID LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY. DAVANGERE GUIDES : DR. RANGASWAMY.B. E. MR. PRAVEEN KUMAR D. G. STUDENTS : DARSHAN M SOWMYA G. S. MURAIDHARA E. RASHMI D. Introduction: Increasing the share of renewable energy from biomass in the total energy usage in the agricultural, domestic, industrial and transportation sector is of immense importance from environmental point of view, both for developed and developing countries like India. Biomass is available from different sources such as agri- and forestry wastes, agri-industrial wastes and wood available from social forestry sector in India. Biomass can be obtained from the cultivation of short rotation trees- such as eucalyptus, pongamia pinnata, kikar (Acasia nilotica ), poplar (populus) etc., energy crops like sugar cane, agricultural crop residues like wheat straw, rice straw, etc., wastes from commercial/domestic tree plantations like coconut, palm, ground nut, etc. The total biomass availability world-over is ~ 6 Gtoe y -1 (giga tones oil equivalent) with an energy content of ~ 225 x 10 3 QJ y -1. Social forestry scheme in vogue in India is a very lucrative scheme for the marginal farmers as the wood trees and wood obtained from them help in augmenting their annual income and improving their living standards. Objectives: Characterize the kikar wood, study the effect of the final pyrolysis temperature, particle size and nitrogen gas flow rates yields of pyrolysis products such as bio-oil, gas, and char. Characterize the pyrolysis oil (bio-oil), char and gas for their possible use as fuels or chemical feed stocks / intermediates. Methodology: 1. The pyrolysis of Acasia nilotica sub sp. indica (kikar) wood was investigated to produce bio-oil in a fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. 2. The effect of process parameters such as pyrolysis temperature ( C), particle size ( mm) and sweep gas (nitrogen) velocity ( cm 3 min -1 ) on the pyrolysis product yields and their chemical compositions were investigated. 3. The chemical characterization of the products (oil, char and gas) was carried out. The bio-oil was characterized using elemental (CHNO) analysis. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

30 4. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and 1 H NMR analysis. 5. The char was characterized by proximate analysis, elemental composition, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The H/C and O/C ratios of the chars decreased with the rise in the temperature. The gases were identified as CO 2, CO, Hydrogen and C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbons. Results and Conclusions: 30 This study indicates the slow pyrolysis at different pyrolysis temperatures for a particle size range of mm of kikar wood in a fixed-bed experimental reactor. It was found that the yield of liquid tar is higher at 600 C in static atmosphere. Particle size of mm gave a maximum yield of bio-oil as compared to the other particle size fractions. Continuous flow of nitrogen through the bed did not increase the yield of bio-oil much. The bio-oil was found to contain a significant amount of water (20-25%), and complex organic chemicals. The heating value of the bio-oil was found to be low ( MJ m -3 ). The char obtained had a very high heating value ( 34 MJ/kg). The gas heating value was lower ( 6.4 MJ m -3 ). 4. COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF POLYMERIC AND CERAMIC MEMBRANES FOR SOME BIOMOLECULAR SEPARATION APPLICATIONS COLLEGE : BMS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : DR. SHASHIDHAR BHAVIKATTI STUDENTS : AVANI KAMATH ARJUN BAHL Introduction Ultrafiltration and microfiltration are membrane separation processes used for a broad variety of applications ranging from processing of biological macromolecules to wastewater treatment. They have significant advantages over competing separation processes. Food and biotechnological applications account for nearly 40% of the current total usage of ultrafiltration membranes. Protein bioseparation is an important component of this application segment. It is used for protein concentration, desalting, clarification and fractionation (i.e. protein-protein separation). This project was a exploratory work aimed at determining the applicability of ceramic membranes of a specific pore size for some bio molecular separation applications and comparison of the same with commercially available polymeric membranes. It involved the use of TFF Microfiltration Equipment procured by the department from Millipore India Pvt. ltd. Preliminary investigations were carried out and results established thus laying the ground work for further in-depth analysis. Objective This project explores the use of certain ceramic and polymeric membranes as filtration medium for a few biomolecular separation applications. Specifically, polymeric and ceramic membrane performance was compared in the filtration of juices like sugarcane and pineapple as well as in the filtration of proteins like BSA and bacterial medium. Methodology Standard filtration equipment supplied by Millipore was employed for the studies. It consisted of a conical flask, glass base with a side-arm, clamp, sample holder and a Vacuum pump. The experiment was carried out in several stages. The first stage included running samples of E. Coli and BSA to find whether these samples were retained by the membranes or passed through. After having established the size characteristics of the ceramic membranes, fruit juices of pineapple and sugarcane were passed through the membranes. The filtrate and retentate samples were then analysed further. Pineapple juice was specially chosen because its major component is the enzyme bromelain which is fast gaining importance because of its applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. The enzyme was characterized and ph, temperature and substrate studies were carried out. Results and Conclusions The results of filtration experiment with BSA samples showed that the concentration of BSA in the filtrate and retentate was equal. Thus, the sample passed through both ceramic and polymeric membranes thus indicating that the pore size of ceramic membrane was more than the size of BSA molecules (0.014 Microns), indicating the pore size of ceramic membrane synthesized lies between micron and 0.45 microns. Experiments on the pineapple juice samples showed that the protein (bromelain) was retained on both ceramic and polymeric membranes. Thus this ceramic membrane has a potential use in the purification step in the recovery and isolation of bromelain. The advantage of using ceramics is easier sterilisation and savings in membrane replacement costs. The ceramic membrane system offers operations at higher pressure drops, thus reducing the time used for 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

31 processing of the product, increasing the yield and providing a power-saving, cost efficient method of purification and recovery of products. Scope for future work Current studies were exploratory in nature and concerned with the use of membrane separation in the clarification of couple of juices, a broth and a protein sample. The same can further extended to the purification, concentration of other important compounds and solutions on membranes of different pore openings. 5. ISOLATION AND CHARCTERISATION OF TRICHODERMA INVOLVED, AND USED AS A BIOCONTROL AGENT COLLEGE GUIDE : NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE : DR. K. N. GEETHA PROF. SUNIL DESAI V. R. STUDENTS : MD. IRSHAD AMAN OINDRILLA ROY SANJAY KUMAR Introduction Biological control involves the use of beneficial micro-organism to attack and control plant pathogens and the disease they cause. Biological control offers an environmentally approach to the management of plant disease and can be incorporate into cultural and physical control for an effective integrated pest management system. Trichoderma are ubiquitous fungi naturally present in the soil and are among the most common saphrophytic microorganisms that can be isolated. The Trichoderma are especially well known as early colonizers of root systems and directly promote plant growth by increasing the beneficial microbial activity in the rhizosphere, which is the intense zone of stimulated microbial activity around the roots. One of the most important functions of Trichoderma involves the mold s tendency to develop symbiotic relationship with plants. These fungi like to grow on the roots of living plants, and they promote abundant root growth so that they have plenty of roots to grow on. Trichoderma also eliminate other fungi so that they do not have to struggle with competitors, providing a benefit to the plants they colonize. Some farmers and gardeners add Trichoderma to their soil before planting for the benefit of their plants. Objectives Isolation of Trichoderma species Identification of a suitable trait of Trichoderma Characterization and quantitative analysis of the selected trait Extraction and analysis of toxins Study of Antagonistic effects of Trichoderma viride towards different pathogenic fungal species Conducting greenhouse trials and field trails, in which Trichoderma viride formulations can be used for nursery treatment and soil treatment Methodology In this work, isolated Trichoderma viride from air and rhizosphere region of soil. The biochemical characterization of the strain was performed, followed by the extraction and identification of toxin. Identification of toxin was done by comparing with the standard Rf values of antifungal antibiotics. The toxin was found to be gliotoxin. To find out the antagonistic effect of Trichoderma viride, the different pathogenic fungi like Fusarium and Altenaria species were transferred from the agar slant into the petri dishes containing the Czapek-Dox agar media. Filter paper discs dipped into the toxin of Trichoderma viride were placed around the test organisms. It is observed that a zone of inhibition was found around the discs. Conclusion Trichoderma Viride was isolated by preparing the sterile Czapek-Dox and Martin Rose Bengal Agar media supplemented with Streptomycin. The spores were observed under the microscope to confirm the organism by staining with lactophenol cotton blue solution and was compared to know the characteristics through Barnett fungal identification manual. Trichoderma Viride produces a sulphur containing antibiotic known an Gliotoxin. This particular toxin was extracted and identified by the technique called as thin layer chromatography under UV light. The most important use of this species is that it can be used as a biocontrol agent as it is a nature-friendly, ecological approach to overcome the problems caused by standard chemical methods of plant protection. It helps to promote sustainable management practices, cost effective for improving crop productivity through innovative starter solution technology which reduces the chemical pesticidal applications. 6. AN INVESTIGATION INTO EFFICACY OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES OF BIOMASS COLLEGE : NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE GUIDE : DR. C. VAMAN RAO STUDENTS : T. ANJALI K. PAI NEERAJA H. S. R. K. VIKAS PUNEETH C. A. Introduction: The world energy demand is increasing steadily as the human population grows and economic development progresses. The current predominant energy source is the fossil fuel, which is not going to last long. This emphasizes the need to complement fossil-fuel-based energy sources with renewable energy sources, such 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

32 as biomass. One of the alternative fuel that has very good potential as a substitute for fossil fuel is bioethanol, which is comparatively and significantly environmental friendly than fossil fuels because of low emission of carbon dioxide, zero emission of nitrogen oxides and sulfur. Therefore, presently, each and every country is looking for strategies and methods to produce bioethanol as alternative fuel in an economic manner. The economics of the ethanol production is determined by the cost of sugar derived from cellulosic waste. In India, lignocellulosic biomass (crop residues, forestry and fruit and vegetable waste and weeds) is available in plenty, which needs to be exploited for bioethanol production. Objectives: Results and Conclusion: Theoretical alcohol yield in the dry and fresh arecanut fibre, dry and fresh coconut fibre, dry and wet coffee pulp, cashew apple, cashew apple pulp, fermented cashew apple pulp and weed waste was found to be , , , , , , , , , , % respectively. From this study it can be concluded that the agricultural waste and natural weed waste can be a potential source of bioethanol. The most significant aspect of the present investigation is the process adopted does not produce any harmful by-products, whereas all the by-products generated in the process have industrial applications. To produce bioethanol from biological waste. To tap sources for region specified bioethanol production. For example, the calcium sulphate generated in the neutralization step, has application in cement industry and the lignin mass left over after the acid digestion will be of use as bio-adsorption filters. To give a comparative account of amount of bioethanol produced from different sources. Methodology: 10 g of coconut fiber, areca nut fiber, cashew apple pulp, coffee pulp and weed is treated with 300 ml of 2% (w/v) sulphuric acid at 120 o C for 1.5 hrs at 15psi in the autoclave for digestion.the slurry was filtered; neutralized with calcium hydroxide until the ph of the hydrolysate reaches to 6.0. Allow the calcium sulfate to precipitate out by keeping the sample overnight at lab temperature.total sugar in the neutralized hydrolysate was estimated by Phenol sulphuric acid method and the reducing sugar in the hydrolysate was estimated by DNSA method.cellulose, hemilcellulose and lignin content in the raw material digested with dilute acid were estimated by the method of McMillan. Fermentation of the neutralized liquor was carried out using Chung and Lee, Chen et al., method with minor modifications. Measure the total quantity of hydrolysate and divide it into equal proportion and take not more than 300 ml in 500 ml conical flask. Inoculate the hydrolysate with yeast at a concentration of 10 6 cells/ml or commercial bakers yeast at 2.5 g/l. Keep the flask in a shaker incubator maintained at 30 o C for 48 hrs.the fermented liquor was subjected to distillation at 70 0 c to 80 0 c in rotary flash evaporator. Enough amount of the distillate was collected. Estimate the alcohol content in the fermented sample by specific gravity method or pycnometry.for each sample of raw materials used to extract cellulosic sugars after dilute acid pretreatment, the residue left was weighed to find the lignocellulosic mass. 7. A STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MICROFLORA AND ITS APPLICATION IN BIODEGRADATION COLLEGE : NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE GUIDE : MR. CHETAN D. STUDENTS : ANUSHA JAIN KAVITHA PURANIK LOUELLA CONCEPTA GOVEAS VARSHA Introduction: Solid Wastes (SW) are unwanted materials disposed off by man, which can neither flow into streams nor escape immediately into the atmosphere. Micro organisms that dwell in solid wastes are grouped under Solid Waste Microflora (SWM). The most common organisms that are generally found in solid waste are bacteria and fungi. These micro organisms use the components of the waste as the substrate for their growth and hence they have the natural catabolic ability to degrade and transform a variety of compounds. In this present study, SWM were isolated, identified and their ability was utilized for the degradation of propoxur (Baygon), a carbamate insecticide. Propoxur is a broad spectrum insecticide; used in hospitals, factories and houses for control of flies, ants, mosquitoes, cockroaches and millipedes. Its mechanism of action is by reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Objectives: Isolation and identification of solid waste microflora nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

33 Use of their degrading capacity for the degradation of biohazardous compound - propoxur To check and compare the efficiency of the selected microflora in degrading propoxur. Methodology: Samples were collected from kariyakal dump yard of karkala. Isolation of bacteria by spread plate method and fungi by blotter method. Obtaining pure culture of the bacteria by streak plate method and fungi by spread plate method.maintenance of pure culture by periodic subculturing. Bacterial identification was done based on observation of colony morphology and results of staining and biochemical tests, using Bergey s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and Bergey s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.Staining tests performed are Gram staining, Acid fast staining and endospore staining. Biochemical tests performed are Fermentation tests, Hydrolysis tests, IMViC tests, Fungal identification was done based on observation of plate cultures and microscopic view of lactophenol cotton blue stained fungal smears, using Barnett s Manual. Tests performed for fungal identification arelactophenol cotton blue staining Biodegradation of propoxur was carried out by using a Pseudomonas species isolated from soil (Scotch Tape Method). Results and conclusions: Bacteria identified are Neisseria subflava, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium kutscheri, Aeromonas species and Bacillus pasteurii.fungi identified are Aspergillus niger, Talaromyces species, Rhizopus species and Mucor species. Scope for future work: subflava efficiently degrades propoxur into residual phenol without any inhibition in its metabolism, it could be used to degrade propoxur at the site of pollution. 8. BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ORAL HEALTH CARE PRODUCT COLLEGE : P. A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE GUIDE : DR. KRISHNA PRASAD NOORALABETTU STUDENTS : SAHIN SAMAN BHAVANA NULLIPADY SHAHNAWAZ Introduction Natural Oral Health Care Products Are the Recipe for Healthy Teeth and Gums. Plant soaps, essential oils, vitamins, and herbs in natural oral health care products are often more effective in the treatment of gingivitis, in periodontal disease prevention, in dry mouth treatment, and in the everyday care of healthy teeth and gums. Natural oral health care products address the root of the problem, rather than simply the symptoms. Renjeer (Mimusops elengi) plant called Big Bakul in Sanskrit and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) have traditionally been used as an oral health care products in the powdered form. Hydrolytic enzymes will be incorporated in the mix because they not only clean our teeth but also improve digestion. A crude methanol extract of Syzygium aromaticum exhibited preferential growth-inhibitory activity against Gram-negative anaerobic periodontal oral pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. Mimusops elengi bark possesses anti-ulcer activity which decreases gastric acid secretory activity along with strengthening of mucosal defensive mechanisms. Saponins which are natural cleansing agents were also isolated from the seeds of Mimusops elengi, in addition to two known triterpenoid saponins. If the ingredients are safe, we can consume the product without the risk of consuming dangerous substances as no harmful chemicals are used. The main aim of this project is to provide alternate safe oral health care product to consumers by adding value to the oral health care product. Objectives To extract the product of interest from Mimusops elengi and Syzygium aromaticum by extractive distillation and azeotropic distillation. The metabolite that causes inhibition of fungal metabolism can be identified. The mechanism by which the degradation of propoxur can be studied. Since Neisseria To determine the antimicrobial activity of these extracts on the tooth decaying microbes such as Streptococcus spp and food poisoning microbes such as Salmonella spp, Esh. Coli, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

34 To determine the effect of these extracts on the normal probiotic microorganisms of the intestinal tract such as Lactobacillus spp. to 24 hours using round bottomed flask or Soxhlet apparatus and filtered. The extract was stored in refrigerator until further use. To determine the effect solvent extracts on the enzyme activity of the hydrolytic enzymes at normal oral ph. To determine the effect solvent extracts on the enzyme activity of the hydrolytic enzymes at acidic ph of intestinal tract. Methodology and Results Pulvezation o Renjeer Tree Bark and Clove : Renjeer tree bark was collected and transported to the laboratory in an insulated container within two hours and artificially dried at 50 o C for 48 hours, after evenly keeping the barks in metal trays in hot air oven. Outer fissured layer was removed by scraping with scalpel and only inner part of artificial dried Renjeer bark was selected and cut into small chips of approximately one cubic centimeter. These chips were ground using waring blender (Philips, India) at 21,000 rpm for 10 minutes. Similarly sundried cloves procured locally were pulverized into fine powder using waring blender (Philips, India) at 21,000 rpm for 10 minutes. Sterilization of Raw Material : Raw materials like Renjeer powder and clove powder were sterilized before further processing using autoclave, at 121 o C at a pressure of 15 lb in an autoclave (The ILECO, supplied by Durga Lab Pvt Ltd, Mangalore) in moist heat for 15 minutes. Extraction of the Products: The ground clove (C) and Renjeer plant bark (R) product powder was used for extraction of the antimicrobial products by extractive distillation and azeotropic distillation methods using round bottomed flask or Soxhlet apparatus. Resultant extract was analyzed for the antimicrobial activity against the Streptococcus mutans and food poisoning microbes such as Salmonella typhi, Esh. Coli, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas auregenose, as well as its effect on the probiotic microbes of intestinal tract. Renjeer bark and clove were separately mixed with known amount of water and heated for 12 Maintainance of Aseptic Condition : Aseptic conditions were maintained throughout the process. Only sterilized equipments and media were used in order to keep off the contamination. Sample preparations, plating were performed in laminar air flow filter hood. Standard laboratory practices were followed to avoid contamination risk. 9. PROTOCOL FOR RAPID PROPAGATION OF DIOSCOREA RACEMOSA COLLEGE : THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDES : DR. B.K.MANJUNATHA DR. KUSUM PAUL STUDENTS : CHANDHANA T GOWRI KASHYAP Introduction Plant tissue culture offers quick and efficient methods to exploit medicinal plants meaningfully to meet the demands of the pharmaceutical industries and reduce in situ harvesting pressure from natural forest resources. Tissue culture technology can be used to get more medicinal components without destroying the natural plants. Considering the high economical and pharmacological importance of secondary metabolites, industries are deeply interested in utilising plant tissue culture technology for large scale production of these substances. The plant Dioscorea racemosa is known as Varahee (Sanskrit), Poterto yam (English) Heggenasu [Kannada]. The plant is used traditonally as aphrodisiac, rejuvenator, in treating bone facture, cardiac diseases, diarrhoea, desertry, jeaver, Jandies, Piler, Polyvrea, Ulcers urinary caliculli, in expelling worms (Keshawamurthi 1994). The plant is also known for its diaretic, antinflanetory activity. It is one of the major Indian medicinal plant. Used in 3 indegesous systems of medicine (Pullaiah 2002). in treating syphilis, The plant contains poisonous glucoside. (Chopra, et al., 1956). Methodology Healthy vegetative tubers and nodal segments of Dioscorea racemosa was collected from the invivo grown plant. The explants was washed under running tap water for 30min, treated with 0.1% (V/V) aqueous solution of Tween-20 (Hi-media, Mumbai) for 10 min, followed by 5 to 6 washes with distilled water. The explants was surface nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

35 disinfected with an aqueous solution of 0.1% HgCl2 for 10min. The disinfectant was removed by rinsing the material with sterilized cooled distilled water for 3 to 4 times and will be excised aseptically and were inoculated to MS (Murashige and Skoog s, 1962) (Hi-Media) media. MS media containing 30gm/ltr sucrose and 8gm/ltr agar were used in all the experiments. Plant growth regulators and their combinations were added to the medium as specified below. The PH of the medium was adjusted to by 0.1N NaOH or 0.1NHCl prior to autoclaving at 121ºc at 15lbs pressure for 20 minutes. All the cultures were maintained in the culture room at 24±2ºc under 16 hour photoperiod with 15µM/m2/s illumination from cool white fluorescent tubes with 60-65% relative humidity. For shoot bud induction nodal segments were placed on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP/KN (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0µM) alone and in combination with NAA (0.5, 1.0, 1.5µM). The frequency of explants producing shoot buds and number of shoot buds shoot length etc. were recorded. For root induction MS media was supplemented with IBA, NAA separately at different concentrations. Each treatment consisted of 10 replicates. The number and length of shoots per explant was calculated at the end of 45 days of culture. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using Tukey s multiple comparison test. Results and Conclusions: Nodal explants inoculated on M.S. medium supplemented with various concentration of BAP ranging from 0.5 to 10 mg/lt. the study revealed that, the maximum number of multiple shoots were induced in 4 mg/ltr BAP. Within 20 days of incubation (24.5 ± 0.20). Higher and lower concentration of BAP were noticed to inhibit in the formation of multiple shoot and the shoots so formed were short and thick under the influence of higher concentration of BAP. Several workers have also reported such thick rosette type of shoot formation in higher concontration of BAP. Increase in the concontration of BAP resulted in decrease in the rate of shoot regeneration ability, only 2.1±0.16 number of shoots could be recorded. Inhibitory effect of higher concentration of BA on shoot formation has also been reported in Albizia chinensis, Pterocarpus marsopium. Multiple shoot induction is also observed from the nodal explants inoculated on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of Kinetin. Frequency, number of multiple shoots and shoot lengths were higher & medium containing 2mg/ltr Kinetin ( ) within 12 to 15 days. Lower and higher concentration of Kinetin resulted in lesser number of shoot regeneration. Among the two cytokinins tested for the induction of multiple shoots in the present study betters results were recorded from the nodal explants inoculated on M.S. Medium supplemented with 2mg/ltr Kinetin. Maximum number of shoots were recorded within days with considerable elongation of shoots processing 3-4 nodes and leaves. However in case of BAP multiple shoots induced failed to elongate even after 40 days of incubation. 10. STANDARDISATION OF PROTOCOL FOR THE ISOLATION OF CHITIN FROM MARINE SHELLS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN DYE REMOVAL FROM TEXTILE INDUSTRY COLLEGE : THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : DR. B. K. MANJUNATHA MS. K. NANDHINI DR. KUSUM PAUL STUDENTS : MEGHA S. HODLUR SELVI D. Introduction: Polysaccharides of natural origin such as starch and cellulose have enormous importance in our technological word because they are readily available and posses unique features unmatched by polymer of artificial production. (Inmaculada Aranaz et al. 2009) Natural, nontoxic, biopolymer such as Chitin, poly [ß- (1-4) -2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucopyranose] occurs in insects, crustaceans and molluscs as an important constituent of the exoskeleton and in certain fungi as the principal fibrillar polymer in the cell wall. In nature it is second in abundance to cellulose. The most important derivative of chitin is chitosan: poly [ß- (1-4)- 2- amino-2-deoxy- D- glucopyranose] and is chemically or enzymatically produced by deacetylation of chitin. Commercial production of chitin and chitosan takes place from waste shells of shrimps, prawns, crabs, lobsters and crayfish. Objectives: To isolate chitin and Chitosan chemically from Hermite crab shells. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

36 To study the factors affecting its preparation such as sodium hydroxide concentrations, reaction time and temperature. To characterize the resulting product by nitrogen percent and reaction efficiency. To use the resulting chitosan as sorbent for the decontamination of water containing dyestuffs and to vary amount of chitosan for adsorption studies and to develop adsorption isotherms. Methodology: The shells are boiled with sodium hydroxide for 30 minutes. The boiled raw material is allowed to cool and it is washed with water to remove all traces of alkali and dried at 50º C in an oven for 2hours. The product thus obtained is called Chitin. Chitin is heated at 90-95º C for about four hours with 40% caustic soda. Excess alkali is drained off and the mixture is washed with water several times till it is free from alkali. Excess water is removed and the product obtained is wet Chitosan. The above product is dried for 2 hours at 50º C in an oven. Care should be taken not to exceed the drier temperature beyond 60º C. The shells are treated with sodium hydroxide using different concentrations at 80º C and 100º C for 2 hr. Dyeing of chitin is achieved by varying the amount of chitin to 50 ml of dye solution in a flask and stirred until equilibrium is reached. The dye adsorption studies were done at a ph of 6 and the percentage of decolorisation was also studied. The solution was stirred for a period of 4 hrs and optical density of untreated effluent and treated effluent was measured by calorimeter. It is calculated by kjeldahl method or reaction efficiency. The capability of the use of prepared chitin for serving as anion exchange from aqueous solutions was examined. Result and Conclusions: The nitrogen percent of the prepared samples decrease significantly as sodium hydroxide increased within the concentration range of 2-6%. This could be interpreted in terms of greater ability of alkali to eliminate protein which accompanied with chitin chains with different bonds. Therefore, the weight of the product was decreased at concentration 8% and 10% of sodium hydroxide. On increasing the hydroxide concentration more than 4%, the nitrogen percent was not affected but the product obtained was decreased due to partially deacetylation of acetamide group of carbon two in pyranose ring. The results showed that the optimum concentration of Sodium Hydroxide was 6% at 80º C and 100º C for 2 hours. The results signify that the nitrogen percent of the prepared samples decreased with increasing reaction duration and temperature, upto 110º C for 4 hours though there is a tendency for the reaction to level off after 4 hours at 100º C. The results signify also that the Nitrogen percent is not significantly decreased by increasing reaction temperature more than 100º C and reaction time more than 4hours. Scope for future work: Further studies on rheology and determination of molecular weight of chitosan and Degree of acetylation which has a direct relation on the applications in drug delivery studies need to be investigated. The effect of acidic and basic dyes on adsorption of chitosan and its comparison needs to be elaborated. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 11. DYNAMIC MODELING AND SYMULATION OF FIXED BED CATALYTIC REACTOR COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDES : SRI. M.MUDDU SMT. M. MAMATHA STUDENTS : KRUTHI M. N. SUMITHA K. AMSHU V. Introduction: The fixed bed catalytic reactor is defined as the one in which reactant fluid contacts with solid catalysts arranged in fixed bed. It generally experience temperature peaks known as hot spots with exothermic reactions. The magnitude of the hot spot depends on the heat effect of the reaction, Heat transfer coefficient and Area available for the transfer of heat etc. To understand the temperature profile (Hotspot) within the reactor and its sensitivity to other process variables like Inlet feed concentration and coolant flow rate it is essential to develop a Mathematical model. In this direction, to understand nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

37 the characteristics of highly exothermic reactions carried out in fixed bed reactor, a pseudo one dimensional homogenous model is developed for oxidation of O-Xylene to Pthalic Anhydride in the presence of V 2 O 5 catalyst in fixed bed reactor. simulation results are prepared. The steady state temperature profiles are shown in figures (1 and 2). Objectives A One dimensional pseudo homogeneous model is developed for an oxidation of O- Xylene to Pthalic Anhydride in a fixed bed reactor. Steady state simulation is carried out to predict the movement of hotspot with in the reactor. To understand the transient behavior of the reactor the model equations are solved using finite difference method. All the simulation is carried out in MATLAB package Methodology: Mathematical Modeling Of Fixed Bed Catalytic Reactor: This reaction predominantly occurs in the interface between the fluid and the solid. In the fixed bed catalytic reactor, the system considered is the oxidation of O-Xylene to Pthalic anhydride on catalyst. This reaction is highly exothermic [ Hr= kj/kmol]. This strongly exothermic reaction is carried out in multi tubular reactors cooled by molten salt that is circulated around the tube. The reactor consists of 2500 tubes of 3m height and 2.54cm internal diameter. The catalyst pellets have a diameter of 3mm and bulk density of 1300kg/m 3. The porosity of the bed is 0.476; the operating pressure is taken as atmospheric. The fluid taken in the reactor is gaseous mixture of O- Xylene and air. The concentration is kept below 1% in order to stay under explosion limits. In this work a simple one-dimensional pseudo homogeneous equation is used to study the unsteady state characteristics of fixed bed catalytic reactor. Results and conclusions: The present work deals with the dynamic modeling and simulation of fixed bed catalytic reactor. The reaction system chosen for the study is oxidation of O-Xylene to Phthalic Anhydride on v 2 o 5 catalyst reported by G.Fromentt (1967). One dimensional pseudo homogeneous model is used to describe the steady state characteristics of fixed bed reactor. The dynamic and steady state model equations are solved using a IV order Runge-kutta method and Fig 1: Steady state profile of the reactor for different value of inlet feed concentration and fixed value heat transfer coefficient = 0.12 w/m 2 K Figure 2. Dynamic response of reactor for step change in the feed concentration at 20 th sampling instant from to (Variation of Hot spot Temperature) And the dynamic temperature profiles indicate that beyond critical value of inlet feed concentration, the hot-spot temperature values undergoes a large rise in magnitude even for a very small increase in feed concentration. This critical value of the feed concentration depends upon the values of overall heat transfer co-efficient. Larger the overall heat transfer co-efficient; larger is the critical feed concentration. Where the feed concentration crosses this critical limit, the hot-spot temperature will rise to a higher value and the condition is known as runaway condition. Dynamic profile for step changes clearly indicates that its response behave like under damped system. The sharp rise in the hot-spot temperature can be decreased by increasing the overall heat transfer coefficient. SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK The system considered here is one-dimensional, radial gradients can also be considered. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

38 One can also model a heterogeneous system taking into account the presence of catalyst explicitly. The mixture of ore fines, binder and water is blend together manually. After proportionate mixing of the components it s taken for the process of hammering in a hand mould made of mild steel using a jack hammer. 12. AGGLOMERATION OF IRON ORE DUST FINES USING WASTE CALCIA AND FLY ASH DUST FINES COLLEGE : DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : PROF. D. C. SIKDAR STUDENTS : PAVAN REDDY K. P. SYED AAMIR MOHAMMED KETAN V. R. Introduction Haematite and magnetite are the most prominent source of iron ores available in India. About 60% of hematite ores are available in eastern part of India and 80% of magnetite ores are found in Karnataka region. Most important magnetite ores occur in Bababudangiri, Kudremukh, Bellary, etc. In Bellary-Hospet region the production of iron ore fines from private mines in substantial and fines are unwashed. The fines from Bellary Hospet region generally have 63-64% Fe content of 100 mesh fractions. Basically in the process of iron ore extraction, the lumps are utilized and all the dust fines are not utilized. The dust fines causes pollution and clog the furnaces exhaust. So Pelletisation has to be carried out for the recovery of iron present in the fines. For obtaining required strength of the pellets, various combinations of the binders have to be added in different proportions to the iron ore fines. Objective To devise a pelletisation process of iron ore dust fines to facilitate extraction of iron. Methodology A mixture of fines in overflow and underflow of particles of 200 mesh no. is taken in 70:30 ratios. It was found that this mixture contained maximum density among all other ratios. This fine sample of 100g is weighed. Various combinations of the binders like bentonite, calcium carbonate, Fly ash, RHA, Cement are varied according the specific sample prepared. Exact quantity of water was obtained by trial and error method. To these individual mixtures 12 ml of water was added as that was the optimum quantity. Each mixture of a particular combination would have enough samples for three pellets to be made out of it. This is done as a precautionary measure so as to recover any loss of pellets in later stages of the project. All the three pellets are subjected to strength analysis and the average value of the cold crushing strength of the sample is taken. Results and Conclusions Iron ore sample along with 3% bentonite and 15% cement proved to be the best binder. Its exhibited a strength of kgf / pellet. Iron ore sample along with 3% bentonite jproved to be the second best binder. IT exhibited a strength of kgf / pellet. Even when calcia and fly ash was used as a binder, a reasonable amount of strength in the range of kgf/pellet is obtained. This work has given a thrust to use fly ash waste and calcia waste as it is available in abundance in India. Any one of these combinations can be used based on the dead weight of the heap of pellets before they are fed to the blast furnace. Future Scope The pellets can be heat treated to get more strength. The strength can also be increased by varying the sintering time. 13. TREATMENT AND REUTILIZATION OF MEDICAL WASTE COLLEGE : KLE S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : PROF. NANDINI NAIK STUDENTS : VANI DAPTARDAR SAVITA KARAGANVI VINEET KUMAR MIKHIL DANGE Introduction: Medical wastes from not only pose a risk to human lives but also to the environment and animal life. Though treatment and medical waste removal does reduce the risks, indirect health risks may occur through the release of toxic pollutants or through treatment or disposal of waste. Given this scenario, the three R's - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle seems to be a solution for managing medical wastes. And for the nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

39 most part a winning formula too.the needles and plastics are segregated and mixed with mortar according to aspect ratio, thus acting as fiber reinforced concrete compressibility test and water absorption test is carried out and compared with standard blocks which do not contain any fiber. The report gives an overview of medical waste management carried out in hospitals and how reutilization of waste is done. Objectives: Reduction of medical waste. Increase in strength of cement block. Reduction in water absorption of cement block. Reduction in environmental pollution. Methodology: Waste syringes are collected from hospitals and disinfected by soaking in to 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 hour. Metal part of syringe is separated from plastic using cutting pliers. Prepare 1:2 (cement: sand) cement mortars.assume water/ cement= Cement shrinks in the volume when it is mixed with water. Hence the quantity of dry mix of cement and sand will be higher by 50 to 60 %. Mono fiber cubes,bi fiber cubes were moulded. These molded cubes are kept under water for 28 days, then the tests are carried out as follows.water absorption test,compressibility test. The water absorption of cube is determined by measuring increase in weight of oven dry sample when immersed in water for 1 hour. Results and conclusion: For mono fiber cubes: As the aspect ratio increases, water absorption decreases.for bi fiber cubes: Water absorption show the better results compared to mono fiber cubes.optimum results for plastics are obtained at 4 5 % concentration by volume of concrete. It was found that the cement block containing mono fibers and bi fibers as well as plastics, increases the strength of the block and decreases the water absorption of the cement block compared to standard cement blocks. Scope for future work: Coir beds, rubbers, latex etc which are also medical waste generated in large quantity can be also used with mortar to increase the strength. Various other tests such as sorptivity i.e. capillary action on cement block etc. can also be carried out further. 14. PRODUCTION OF LACTIC ACID FROM MOLASSES COLLEGE : K.L.E. SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. S. N. HOSAMANE STUDENTS : KIRTI R. RAJPUT ANKITA GUPTA PRATEEK RAHUL PATIL Introduction There are many problems faced by the industries today, especially the problem of waste disposal. One such problem faced by sugar industry is discarding blackstrap molasses, which is a waste produced after separation of sugar from molasses. This project deals mainly on useful utilization of molasses, which on fermentation gives useful compound lactic acid. This project relates to an improved and an economical process for production of lactic acid from molasses. In this project, we describe the efficient conversion of molasses sugar by Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus caessi for lactic acid production. Objectives: Extraction of lactic acid from molasses by fermentation. A comparative study of amount of lactic acid obtained from molasses collected from three different industries. Methodology: Take three sterilized conical flasks and add 50 ml of molasses to each flask from three different industries.add 50 ml of water in these conical sterlised flask. Add 20% of H2SO4 to the solution. To adjust the ph of the medium upto 6.5, 4.0M of KOH is added. 4 gms of CaCO3 is added. Add 0.5 gms of dry yeast.a pure culture of Lactobacillus delbrueckii is added to the flask containing molasses from satish Sugars and Gokak Sugar industries.a pure culture of lactobacillus cassei is added to the flask containing molasses from Rani Sugar industry. The above prepared samples are kept in laminar air flow for a period of 72 hours for fermentation to take place. After 72 hours, 10 ml of sample is pipetted and titrated against standard 0.1N NaOH using brome thymol blue as indicator. A change from blue colour to yellow is the end point. Now the samples are kept in continuous shaking incubator at 96 rpm and 370C. 10 ml of sample is pipetted at every 3 hours and titrated against standard 0.1N NaOH using brome thymol blue as indicator. The readings are noted down and used to calculate the concentration of lactic acid. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

40 Results and conclusion: In this project, the students have produced lactic acid from molasses taken from three different industries and the production of lactic acid was different in all three molasses solution. This difference was due to differing composition of molasses. To optimize the yield of lactic acid production we carried out the experiment at different ph, temperature and rpm of incubator. Many valuable compounds found in molasses find use as binding agents in manufacturing of citric acid, industrial alcohol, etc. Scope for future work: Since lactic acid can be obtained from various other sources such as whey, soyabean hulls, beet molasses etc. future work may be based by considering one of these raw material for extraction of lactic acid. 2. To find maximum removal of Ni(II) by waste such as rice husk as adsorbent in upflow fixed bed column. 3. To study the reactor performance applying bed depth / service time analysis (BDST) model. Methodology Experimentation involved following steps: Preparation of biomass: Fresh biomass of rice husk was commercially purchased from Bidar (Karnataka). The biomass was sieved and a fraction of average particle size (<0.35 mm) was used for column studies. Preparation of stock solution Estimation of Nickel 15. REMOVAL OF Ni (II) IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING AGRICULTURAL WASTE: ADSORPTION ON A FIXED-BED COLUMN COLLEGE : RURAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHALKI, BIDAR GUIDE : MR. BABURAO S. PATIL MS. ABDUL SAMAD KAMDOD STUDENTS : AMOL MALEWADE JAGADEVI K. SANDEEP P. RAVIKIRAN M. Introduction The agricultural by-product is available in large amount in India and other countries. It is both used as fuel in brick kilns or packing material and available at negligible price. Experiments were conducted using fixed bed columns to carryout adsorption studies. The effect of various processes parameter, namely ph, initial metal ion concentration, bed depth and flow rate on the removal of Ni (II) have been investigated. The data may be used full for environmental engineer in designing of heavy metal containing waste water containing treatment systems. Objectives Aim of the investigation is to carry out adsorption studies on an aqueous solution containing Ni (II) in an upflow fixed bed column with agricultural waste such as rice husk as adsorbent. The objectives of the investigation are as follows: 1. To optimize operating parameters such as initial ph, initial influent concentration, flow rate and bed depth for the effective removal of Ni(II). Preparation of calibration curve for Ni (II) Mathematical model Experimental setup (Fixed bed column): An acrylic tube of 40cm length 1.0mm internal diameter is used as column reactor and is connected to Peristaltic pump which maintains the flow of synthetic samples to the column. The effluent is collected in a beaker from the outlets fitted at a interval of 10cm on the column. Flow diagram is shown. The flow diagram experimental setup of upflow fixed bed column nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

41 Experimental procedure 1. Prepare synthetic sample of Ni (II) in large quantity. 2. Take adsorbent of desire depth and fill the column. 3. Set the require flow rate and allow the solution to pass through the adsorbent. 4. Collect the passed sample from the required outlet. 5. Filter the collected sample and take 50ml of filtered sample. 6. Take the Spectrometer reading at wavelength of 457nm for Ni (II). Results and Discussions Effect of parameters such as ph, initial concentration, bed depth and flow rate affecting the percentage adsorption of a separate aqueous solution of Nickel solution were studied through various experiments. Further these results were analyzed for adsorption using BDST model to find the adsorption capacity of a adsorbent and the rate constant. Throughout the study 100 mg/l of concentration is used. The final concentrations of the aqueous solutions are determined by using the calibration curve drawn. Conclusions This study was mainly focused on the adsorption studies on an aqueous solution containing Ni (II) in an upflow fixed bed column with rice husk as adsorbent. From the present study following conclusion were drawn: 1. The rice husk is an effective and inexpensive adsorbent for the removal of Ni(II) from an aqueous solutions 2. Variables such as ph, initial influent concentration, flow rate and bed depth can effect the percentage adsorption of Ni (II). 3. The optimum ph for Ni (II) was found to be The optimum flow rate, initial concentration and bed depth were found to be 10 ml/min, 100mg/L and 28cm respectively. 5. The maximum removals of Ni (II) were found to be 85.25% when tested together from aqueous solution. 6. BDST model adequately described the adsorption of Ni (II) in upflow column mode. Future Scope These methods can be applied for heavy metals like Cr(VI),Cu(II),, zinc, nickel, lead, etc as well as dyes. These methods can be tried for different industrial waste effluents. This study can be conducted by using cheaper adsorbent like baggase, saw dust, red mud, tamarind seed etc. 16. REMOVAL OF COLOUR AND COD BY ELECTROCHEMICAL AND ELECTRO COAGULATION (EC) PROCESS FROM DISTILLERY SPENT WASH COLLEGE : SDM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD, GUIDE : MR. H. S. ASHOK RAO STUDENTS : B. M. MALLIKARJUNE JAGADEESH SHIRAGUR ANANDU NAIK Introduction: Elimination of pollutants and color from distillery effluent is becoming increasingly important from environmental and aesthetic point of view. Alcohol distilleries are one of the most polluting industries generating an average of 8 15 of effluent ( spent wash ) per liter of alcohol produced In India, which is the second largest producer of ethanol in Asia with an annual production of about 2300 million liters in , alcohol distilleries are rated as one of the 17 most polluting industries. Spent wash is characterized by its dark brown color and low ph ( ), high ash content and contains high percentage of dissolved organic and inorganic matter of which 50 % may be present as reducing sugars. It contains about % water and 7-10 % solids; sugar being 2 20 % and protein % in the dry spent wash. The metals present in spent wash are Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd and Co with electrical conductivity in the range of (ms/cm), BOD (40,000-50,000 mg/l) and COD (1, 00,000-1, 25,000 mg/l). The present study is about removal of colour and reduction of COD from distillery spent wash by electrocoagulation using Aluminium (anode) and Stainless steel (Cathode) electrodes. Objectives: Removal of colour and COD from distillery spent wash by Electro coagulation (EC) process. Removal of colour and COD from distillery spent wash by Electro coagulation (EC) process using alum as coagulant and to assess the optimum conditions. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

42 % Colour reduction % Colour reduction Vs Dilution rate % 50% 75% 100% % Colour Figure: Experimental set up showing 1) DC power supply 2) Electrodes : Cathode : Stainless Steel, Anode : Aluminium 3) Magnetic bar stirrer 4) Water bath 5) Thermometer Methodology: The experiments are carried out in the glass beaker (250ml) using aluminum as anode and stainless steel as cathode. A magnetic stirrer is employed to maintain an unchanged composition and avoid the association of flocs. Stirring rate is maintained nearly the same in all the experiments. Electrodes are connected to a regulated D.C. power supply equipped with an ammeter and a voltmeter. In each run 200 ml of the effluent sample was treated. Since the effluent is having enough conductivity, it is not required to add any electrolyte to the electrolytic cell. The electrode used for the process is (10cm. 5cm. 2mm ) with effective electrode area is kept 25 cm 2 (5cm.X 5 cm). Effect of variation of dilusion rate (0-100%), time of operation (1 to 3mm), current density (2 to 8 Amp.dm 2 ) and ph were studied. Results: The effect of various parameters like dilution, time of operation, current density are shown graphically. % COD reduction % COD reduction Vs Dilution rate 25% 50% 75% 100% % COD % Colour reduction % Colour reduction % COD reduction % Colour reduction Vs Current density % Colour % Colour reduction Vs Time (hr) % Colour % COD reduction Vs Current density % COD nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

43 % Colour reduction % COD reduction Conclusions: % Colour reduction Vs Time (hr) % Colour % COD reduction Vs Time (hr) % CO The efficiency of the EC process to remove colour and COD is strongly influenced by the current density, dilution rates, time and ph. as the current density increases the color and COD reduction is much significant. It has been found from Electrocoagulation using aluminium as anode and Stainless steel as cathode, maximum % of colour and COD for reduction is possible. The optimized parameters for the process are Electrode distance 1cm, initial ph 4, current density 8 Amp/dm 2 for 2 hrs and color and COD reduction observed are 89.01% and 22.80% respectively. Scope for future work: Using other electrode material for the process to check maximum color and COD reduction. Such as a combination of (Al-lead), (Al-lead-SS), (Iron-ss- Al). The combined process of EC process followed by biological treatment for studying different parameter to check color and COD reduction. Adding low cost adsorbent like coconut shell to assess the colour removal and COD reduction. CIVIL ENGINEERING 17. MEASUREMENT OF EVAPO TRANSPIRATION USING LYSIMETER COLLEGE : ANJUMAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE FOR MEN, BHATKAL, UTTARA KANNADA GUIDE : DR. SANDEEP. J. NAYAK STUDENTS : NAVEEN R. M.KABEER ANSAR SUNEESH ADEEB KUNHAMED Introduction: Demand for water is increasing due to increase in population, rapid industrialization and increasing tendency towards growing more crops under irrigation. During summer months the crops are invariably subjected to drought condition and therefore it becomes increasingly important to optimize the irrigation needs of the crop. Since transpiration exceeds the optimum the excess water is lost to the atmosphere by way of water vapor through leaf surface. It is of great importance to know the rate of evapotranspiration so that the farmers can provide the crop with proper amount of water to be added for the growth of paddy crop at critical stages. Objectives: To fabricate simple tank(micro lysimeter)with inlet and outlet arrangements such that water surplus, water deficit and water balance can be obtained during crop growth To plant paddy crop in the Lysimeter and measure evapotranspiration (daily water added and percolated) till the cropping period. To know the water requirement of the crop grown in the field and also to provide required quantity of water for irrigation. Methodology: PET is what would be evaporated from a surface if water was never a limiting factor. PET can be calculated using empirical formulae, from the simple needing only temperature. To complicated ones requiring several obseravations. Alternatively PE may be calculated as the difference between two easily measurable quantities. These quantities are the input and output of water in a system which may be anything from a large water catchment area to a small container. If the soil and vegetation is confined within a 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

44 small tank and measurements are made of the water input (rainfall R and additional water A) and output (percolated water P) collected in the receiver. 18. EVALUATION OF MINIMUM SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IN RC BEAMS COLLEGE : BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT GUIDE : DR. S. S. INJAGANERI STUDENTS : MANJUNATH N. PATTAR RAJASHREE V. CHINTA RAVI B. HOSAMANI Introduction Figure : Lysimeter model used for project Result and Conclusions: The specific gravity of the soil sample obtained from the field was found. Both the bulk density and dry density was found to be kn/m3 and kn/m3 respectively. By sieve analysis, the coefficient of curvature (Cc) and uniformity coefficient (Cu) was found to be 1.62 and 10 respectively. The infiltration observed was 1.58cm per hour using double ring infiltrometer. From the permeability and sieve analysis test conducted on soil is found to be clayey sand. The rate of evapotranspiration obtained using lysimeter is high when compared to the evaporation obtained using Blaney-Criddle method. Thus the crop coefficient (Kc) could not be found out. The major limitations in the use of lysimeter are the reproduction of physical conditions such as temperature, water table, soil texture, density etc. within the lysimeter comparable to those outside in the field.it is due to these limitations that there is a difference in the rate of evapotranspiration between lysimeter method and Blaney-Criddle method Scope for future work: The result can be improved if instead of micro lysimeter (observing input and output outside the field), actual measurement at the field itself will improve the results. However this process is tedious and cumbersome. The use of high strength concrete (HSC) and high performance concrete (HPC) in the recent years has increased drastically. The fact is that, these concretes can be produced reliably by controlling the watercement (w/c) ratios incorporating a suitable admixture. The behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) members is a very complex phenomenon mainly because of its non-homogeneity, presence of cracks and reinforcement, and the nonlinearity in its material response. The reinforced concrete (RC) beams in shear at failure behave distinctly different from that in flexure. The absence of large deformations and inadequate warning before failure makes the shear failures more catastrophic than flexural failures. The shear strength of concrete is directly related to its tensile strength, which is considerably lower than its strength in compression. In analysis and design of RC members the major concern is the prediction of diagonal cracking strength due to the combined action of shear and the flexure. From literature review it has been well understood that when HSC is used, with the increase in strength of concrete the ductility decreases, resulting in brittle failures without adequate warning. Thus, web reinforcement in the form of stirrups is provided for resisting the shear stresses to ensure sufficient ductility before failure. However, the present code provisions for design of RC beams in shear are based on the study of normal strength concrete (NSC) members and with depth of beams approximately less than 400 mm. Such an approach leads to very conservative designs, non-uniform safety margins and inadequate ductility when high strength concrete (HSC) is used. Hence, the design expressions for estimating strength and the minimum shear reinforcement by codes of practice require thorough review and need to be re-established. Objectives 1. To study the behaviour of normal and high strength reinforced concrete beams in shear. 2. To verify the design provisions incorporated by different international and national codes of practice for the design of high strength RC members, as these provisions are based on beams made from NSC nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

45 3. To check the provisions for minimum reinforcement required for RC beams in shear as per code provisions for different concrete strengths. Methodology Total of three reinforced concrete beams with web reinforcement were tested with varying compressive strength of concrete to study their behaviour and also to compare the provisions for estimating the design shear strength and minimum reinforcement by various National Codes of practices. The failure modes of the beams, web strains in concrete, load deflection responses and the shear ductility of RC beams are discussed. RC Beams with web reinforcement: Three beams of size; 2000 mm x 180 mm x 300 mm were tested under three point loading with a constant percentage of longitudinal reinforcement of 2.15%. The shear span-to-depth ratio was kept at 3.5. The measured shear strengths of the RC beams at different stages of loading are compared with that of other code provisions. Figure 1: Crack Profile for NS Beam Figure 2: Crack Profile for MS Beam The ultimate strength with web reinforcement subjected to flexural shear is obtained from V n = V cr + V s Where, V cr = Shear resistance at the stage of initiation of diagonal cracking in a member subjected to flexure and shear, regardless of whether or not shear reinforcement is provided & V s = Ultimate shear resistance of the shear reinforcement. Results and Discussion: Crack Profile and Failure Mechanisms: During testing the crack profile of all the three RC beams were noted at regular load interval and the same are schematically represented in Figures 1 to Figures 3. The numbers of cracks developed are more in number. This clearly indicates that the shear reinforcement converts the failure mechanism of beam from brittle to ductile. Initially, the flexure cracks developed at the midspan prior to the diagonal cracks being developed. Subsequently, the flexure cracks developed in the shear span at higher loads and then converted into diagonal cracks at mid depth. Later, these cracks propagated towards the load point and also towards the support, prior to failure of the beam. However, all the beams failed due to diagonal tension failure with a little crushing of concrete near the load point for NWS beam. Conclusions Figure 3: Crack Profile for HS Beam Based on the objectives set in the present study and the experimental work carried out in the laboratory the following conclusions can be drawn. 1. The minimum reinforcement was provided in accordance with IS 456 for beams made of normal, medium and high strength. The failure mechanism in normal strength, medium and high strength concrete beams shows that the minimum reinforcement provided in high strength concrete beams is inadequate because the failure was sudden and catastrophic. 2. The minimum amount of web reinforcement specified by IS 456 and BS 8110 codes of Practice are independent of compressive strength of concrete. However, the ACI, CSA and AASHTO provisions for minimum shear reinforcement are a function of compressive strength of concrete. 3. The experimental work carried out in the present study show that the current provisions for minimum reinforcement as per IS and BS codes of practice are inadequate for HSC beams. Hence, a modification in the IS code provisions is required. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

46 4. A comparison of strengths is made between experimental values and the ones predicted by different codes i.e., IS: 456, BS: 8110, ACI: 318. The strength predicted by different codes of practices under estimate the strengths in comparison to experimental results. 19. GEO-POLYMER CONCRETE COLLEGE : BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT GUIDE : PROF. S. H. SANNI STUDENTS : SRIGIRI ARUN MOHAMMEDAYUB. SILEDAR SANGMESH SAJJAN HASSANSAB A. SANADI VINEETKUMAR JODALLI GYANESH JANAGOUDAR Introduction Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material; it is usually associated with Portland cement as the main component for making concrete. The demand for concrete as a construction material is on the increase. It is estimated the production of cement will increase from about 1.5 billion tons in 1995 to 2.2 billion tons in 2010 (Malhotra, 1999) On the other hand, the climate change due to global warming, one of the greatest environmental issues has become a major concern during the last decade. The global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, to the atmosphere by human activities. Among the greenhouse gases, CO2 contributes about 65% of global warming (McCaffrey, 2002). The cement industry is responsible for about 6% of all CO2 emissions, because the production of one tone of Portland cement emits approximately one ton of CO2 into the atmosphere (Davidovits, 1994c; McCaffrey, 2002) Several efforts are in progress to reduce the use of Portland cement in concrete in order to address the global warming issues. These include the utilization of supplementary cementing materials such as fly ash, silica fume, granulated blast furnace slag, ricehusk ash and metakaolin, and the development of alternative binders to Portland cement. This project deals with the manufacture of low calcium fly ash based Geopolymer concrete. Objectives: The main object of the project is replacement of cement by using fly ash. To obtain the high strength concrete in less duration of period. To compare the strength of Geopolymer concrete with conventional concrete. To check suitability of Geopolymer concrete for mass concreting. Methodology Mixing, Casting, Compaction and Curing of Geopolymer Concrete: Geopolymer concrete can be manufactured by adopting the conventional techniques used in the manufacture of Portland cement concrete. In the laboratory, the fly ash and the aggregates were first mixed together dry on pan for about three minutes. The liquid component of the mixture is then added to the dry materials and the mixing continued usually for another four minutes. The sodium silicate solution and sodium hydroxide solution were mixed together at least one day prior to use to prepare the alkaline liquid used for the preparation of Geopolymer concrete. The fresh concrete was cast and compacted by the usual methods used in the case of Portland cement concrete. Fresh fly ash-based Geopolymer concrete was usually cohesive. Heat-curing of low-calcium fly ash-based Geopolymer concrete is generally recommended. Heat-curing substantially assists the chemical reaction that occurs in the Geopolymer paste. Both curing time and curing temperature influence the compressive strength of Geopolymer concrete. The test specimens were 100x100X100 mm cubes heat-cured at 50 C in an oven. The curing time varied from 24 hours to 168 hours (7 days). Longer curing time improved the polymerization process resulting in higher compressive strength. Results: The effect of curing time (with different water contents 130 kg/m 3 and 140 kg/m 3 ) on compressive strengths are graphically shown in figures 1 and 2. Compression Strength in N/mm^ Kg/m^3 water content Days Fly ash Cement Figure 1: Compressive strength of Fly ash v/s Cement nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

47 Compression Strength in N/mm^ Kg/m^3 water content Days Fly ash Cement 20. INFLUENCE OF VOLUME OF PASTE ON THE FRESH AND HARDENED PROPERTIES OF SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE USING RECYCLED AGGREGATES COLLEGE : B. M. S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. S. GIRISH STUDENTS : MALLIKARJUNA G. N. ATHAR HUSSAIN ALVI GURUCHARAN H. V. VIKAS SWATHI S. Introduction Figure 2: Compressive strength of Fly ash v/s Cement Conclusions Based on the present study the following conclusions were drawn It is possible to produce Geopolymer concrete of strength ranging from N/mm 2 to N/mm 2 using NaOH and Na2SiO3 solution and low calcium fly ash. Slump of Geopolymer concrete for a given water content with increase in fly ash content. For a given water content, as the fly ash content increases the compressive strength of Geopolymer concrete increases up to certain amount of fly ash beyond which strength decreases. As the age of testing increases, the strength of fly ash based Geopolymer concrete increases. Geopolymer concrete is costly then conventional concrete for small works but Fly ash concrete is economical in case of mass concreting. Scope for future work: The following suggestions can be considered for future work Geopolymer concrete can be designed flexure and split test. Geopolymer concrete can be designed for 4M, 12M and 16M The term SCC refers to a new special type of concrete mixture characterized by high resistance to segregation that can flow through intricate geometrical configuration in the presence of reinforcement under its own mass without vibration and compaction. SCC is one solution for utilization of flyash and recycled aggregates, to conserve the energy, natural aggregates, to overcome the problem of landfill, utilization of flyash in environmental friendly conditions. Above all the most important, SCC is a wonder material which has a lot of advantages compared to normal concrete. Objectives: To develop SCC starting with paste content based on absolute volume using both normal crushed angular aggregates and recycled aggregates. To study the effect of different volume of paste on the fresh properties of SCC mixes. To study the effect of using different paste content on the compressive strength of SCC mixes. To compare the compressive strength of SCC with normal aggregates with that of SCC with recycled aggregates and normal concrete. Methodology The recycled aggregates are obtained from crushing demolished concrete structures, discarded precast elements and unused hardened concrete waste. Recycled aggregates may have a rougher surface texture and more permeable than the crushed natural aggregates. In this study cement (OPC 53 grade), fly ash, commercially available poly carboxylic ether based superplastizer, natural river sand and crushed angular normal aggregates and recycled aggregates of maximum size 12.5 mm were used. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

48 Nine SCC mixtures were fabricated using cement content of 300 kg/m3, 390 kg/m3 and 450 kg/m3 with a constant water content of 190 l/m3. The paste content considered were 0.39, 0.41 and The powder content varied from 517 kg/m3 to 652 kg/m3. The water to powder ratio by volume range from 0.79 to 0.95, by mass from 0.29 to Cubes of 100 mm and 150 mm and cylinders of 100/200 mm were cast and tested for compressive strength at 7, 28 and 60 days. In addition, the split tensile strength was also assessed. Comparable normal concrete for all water to cement ratios were also cast and tested at 28 days. Results and Conclusions The findings of the study indicates that the range of volume of paste for fabricating SCC is 0.39 to 0.43, both for crushed angular aggregates and recycled aggregates. The mixture proportioning method based on absolute volume is simple and reduces the number of trials for developing SCC mixes. The higher paste content makes the mix cohesive and flowability or slump flow (yield stress) increases as the volume of paste increases. This trend is also seen in case of compressive strength wherein the compressive strength increase as volume of paste increases. However, an optimal value (0.41) of volume of paste is noticed for the materials used in this study. There is also substantial increase in long term compressive strength of SCC due to pozzolanic activity of filler material (fly ash). The results however indicate that the compressive strength of SCC with recycled aggregates has a lesser value when compare to normal crushed angular aggregates. In this limited study, the percentage is around 15. The new method of mixing adopted in this study has resulted in good flowability. Scope for future work Further experiments can be carried out for different grading of aggregates and different paste contents. Also experiments can be carried out using recycled aggregates from different sources to characterize and to know its effect on fresh and hardened properties of SCC. Experiments can also be conducted using different types of fillers both reactive and non-reactive with recycled aggregates for fabricating SCC to know the effect of pozzolanicity on compressive strength. 21. CREATION OF BASEMAP FOR WATER AND SEWAGE NETWORK FOR RAMANAGARAM TOWN USING RS AND GIS GUIDE : DR. A. V. GANESHA STUDENTS : JUNAID AHMED KISHOR KUMAR UZAIR AHMED ROSHAN RAFI-ULLA Introduction Remote Sensing, GIS and GPS are emerging as a powerful land related technologies for monitoring and management of land. GIS and Remote Sensing technology have capability to provide necessary physical input and intelligence for preparation of base maps, formulation of planning proposals and act as monitoring tool during implementation phase. With the help of RS, GPS and GIS, one can take an initiative to use these techniques for production of base maps and town planning, locating and planning for services, and identification of vacant land for acquisition and management of infrastructure. As a part of dissertation work, it was proposed to create a "digital database for sewage and water pipe line of Ramnagaram town using GIS software. Objectives: The proposed project aims at digitization of water and sewage network and creation of base map of the Ramanagaram town using RS and GIS. The objectives of the present project are Digitization of Ramanagaram city which include a) Boundary b) Wards c) Important extensions Digitization of networks like a) Water pipelines b) Sewage pipelines. Preparation of base map using toposheet, revenue maps, satellite image and digitized layers stated in objectives. Querying database using GIS for effective administration planning decision making and developmental activities. Methodology: Materials used are Survey of India toposheet No. 57 H/6 having 1:50,000 scale. IKONOS Satellite s downloaded.. Ward / boundary map of Ramnagaram town. Pipeline (water/sewer) network map of Ramnagaram town COLLEGE : GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RAMANAGARAM Secondary data from Local Revenue Officer nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

49 Primary data acquired through field survey using GPS. GPS data collected at important points Scanning of available pipeline network map and ward map of Ramanagaram town Digitization of the above through - Registration operation, Digitize (vectorize) operation, Cleaning, forming polygons, & labeling the polygons operation, Database creation operation through GRAM softward Table-2: Details of water and sewer pipeline of Ramanagaram town Pipeline Total segments Total length (Mts) Main Water Sub water Main UGD Sub UGD The layers chosen are a) Polygon layer Ramanagaram city and ward boundary b) Segment layer Underground Drainage (UGD) both main and sub pipe line c) Water pipe line both main and sub pipe line d) Point layer Ward Nos. main tanks and important locations Following figure shows the boundary and ward details of Ramanagaram town digitized through GRAM software This project describes the GIS system developed for the Ramanagaram pipeline network. The software GRAM stores information on underground water and sewer pipeline network plan, profile, locations, and other features in relation to known landmarks such as roads, buildings, circles and wards. 22. MIX DESIGN AND STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE COLLEGE : GLOBAL ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY, RAJAREJESHWARINAGAR, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. SANTOSH M. MURANAL STUDENTS : KUSHAL PATEL D. KUMAR SOWMYA H. P. DEEPURANI T. MOHAMMED AZEEMULLAH Introduction Results: The following data set have been generated. Table-1: Boundary details of Ramangaram town SID UID NO_OF_SEG PERM_M AREA_SQ_M Note: The total area of 31 wards in total is which is almost equal to total boundary area of the town. RPC is a high strength ductile material formulated from a special combination of constituent materials. The mechanical and elastic properties of RPC depend on curing condition and material selection specially crushed aggregate and steel fibers. This high strength and durable concrete reduces steel and cross section of the member to the great extent. As the behavior of RPC is entirely different from normal concrete the design methodology of the structures with RPC need to be developed. In India development of RPC is in preliminary stage i.e. in selection of material and arriving at mix design. Only a little work has been done on evaluating properties of it. To bring the RPC from laboratory to practice more studies are required in developing the stress-strain curve, developing of the design methodologies for the design of structures. Here an attempt is made in this regard. Objectives: Enhancement of homogeneity by elimination coarse aggregate. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

50 The enhancement of compaction density by optimizing the granular mixture. 50 Improved ductility through the incorporation of steel fibers. To design the RPC mix and find workability. Methodology: In this work the critical parameters of RPC mix design are investigated and the mix design is explored through a program of concrete casting and testing. The materials required for RPC such as cement, quartz powder, silica sand, silica fume and steel fibers are proportioned to get high strength up to 200 Mpa and its mechanical properties are assessed. The cube and cylindrical specimens are prepared of suitable size to assess the compressive and tensile strength of concrete specimens. Results and conclusion: Applications or RPC -use less materials; are lighter in weight; more elegant; easier, faster, and safer to construct; lower in maintenance; and have a longer life than conventional materials. This new technology is consistent with the construction trends and demands for reducing labor, materials, construction time, and environmental impact, while increasing safety, security, durability & service life. 23. RICE HUSK ASH CONCRETE BLOCK COLLEGE : GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BIDAR GUIDE : MR. R. SATHISH KUMAR STUDENTS : PAWAR PRAVEEN MALTESH SURANAGI MD. ASIF NAGARAJA PATIL Introduction Rice husk is an agro-waste material which is produced in about 100 million of tons. Rice husks contain organic substances and 20% of inorganic material. Rice husk ash (RHA) is obtained by the combustion of rice husk. The most important property of RHA that determines pozzolanic activity is the amorphous phase content. RHA is a highly reactive pozzolanic material suitable for use in limepozzolana mixes and for Portland cement replacement. RHA contains a high amount of silicon dioxide, and its reactivity related to lime depends on a combination of two factors, namely the noncrystalline silica content and its specific surface. Objectives: To provide a good quality and eco-friendly concrete by replacing cement with a waste material but super pozzolanic rice husk ash To study the compaction factor, strength and density of rice husk ash concrete, through an experimental investigation. To make cost of construction less. Methodology: The workability, compressive strength and density of RHA concrete of different ratio, different water cement ratios have been investigated by testing blocks casted of 230mm x110mmx 80mm.The samples were made with only one type of Rice Husk Ash processed from N.K.Enterprises Admn. Off.: Mukhya Marg, Jharsuguda, Orissa, INDIA Experimental investigations includes study of various physical properties such as density, workability and compressive strength. Rice Husk Ash concrete blocks of 23cm x 11cm x 8cm size with varying mix proportions of RHA, cement ratio and different water cement ratio were cast in the lab. Results and conclusion: Compressive strength of Rice Husk Ash concrete was found to be nearer to the conventional concrete at lower percentage of replacements as 10%. It is found that the early strength of Rice Husk Ash concrete is found to be less and the strength increases with ageing. From the cost analysis, it is found that with increase in RHA content the cost of RHA concrete decreases. The RHA occupies more volume than cement for the same weight. So the total volume of the RHA concrete increases for a particular weight as compared to conventional concrete which results in economy. When the percentage of RHA is increased, the workability of the mix becomes very poor as compared to the conventional concrete. Scope for future work: Comparison of setting times of conventional concrete and RHA concrete. Study of resistance against acid and chlorine attack. Study of combined properties of RHA and fly ash. 24. ENHANCIHG THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE THROUGH THE USE OF SUPPLIMENTARY CEMENTING MATERIALS COLLEGE : K.L.E. SOCIETY'S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : DR K. B. PRAKASH MR. M. MANJUNATH STUDENTS : NALU A.KHANDEKAR SARVADNYA KUMAR B.PATIL BHARAMANNA H. PATIL SACHIN Y. SAMAJI 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

51 Introduction: The use of recycled aggregates in concrete opens a whole new range of possibilities in the reuse of materials in the building industry. The trend of the utilization of recycled aggregates is the solution to the problem of an excess of waste material, not forgetting the parallel trend of improvement of final product quality. In this project an attempt is made to find out the effect of sustained elevated temperature on the properties of RAC produced by different supplementary cementitious materials. The effect of replacement of cement by fly ash and blast furnace slag in different percentages on the strength characteristics of recycled aggregate concrete when subjected to a temperature of 500 C are studied. Objectives: To find out the effect of replacement of natural aggregates by recycled aggregates in different percentages, on the strength and workability characteristics of concrete. To investigate the effect of replacement of cement by fly ash and silica fume in recycled aggregate concrete. Methodology: To find out the effect addition of supplementary cementitious materials on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete, series of experiments are carried out. Supplementary cementitious materials are primarily used for improved workability, durability and strength. These materials allow the concrete producer to design and modify the concrete mixture to suit the desired application. Concrete mixture with high Portland cement contents is susceptible to cracking and increased heat generation. These effects can be controlled to a certain degree by using supplementary cementitious material. Results and conclusions: It has been observed that even at 100% replacement of natural aggregates by recycled aggregates the compressive strength of concrete can be compared with the compressive strength of designed mix. It is found that the compressive strength of concrete produced with the replacement of natural aggregates by recycled aggregates and 10% cement replaced by silica fume, shows higher strength properties as compared to that produced by 25%replacement of cement by fly ash. 25. NOVEL MATERIAL FOR WATER TREATMENT COLLEGE : N.M.A.M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE GUIDE : DR. P.C.SRINIVASA STUDENTS : AMITA TALEKAR PRANAMYA K. VEERESHA SHETTER SHIVARAJ K. Introduction: Solid waste management has become major concern. So it is necessity to reduce solid waste from food processing industry which is the greatest challenge in front of the world. Sea food industries are major industries in coastal areas. Chitosan is a byproduct material recovered from sea food industry. Chitosan is a natural, nontoxic, antimicrobial biopolymer containing hydroxyl (OH ) and ammonia (NH² ) groups in its molecular chain. Chitosan is used in the clarification of water and waste-water and in treatment of water. Objective: To investigate the suitability of chitosan in removing turbidity and ability of chitosan in reducing other parameters such as hardness, chloride, sulphate and nitrate. Methodology: Samples of water are collected from different source and characterized for physical and chemical parameters. The turbid materials were mixed with distill water. River silt was mixed with different water samples. The conventional jar test was used to establish optimal condition of ph and concentration of chitosan. The turbid water sample (500ml), adjusted to the desirable ph levels, and appropriate concentrations of chitosan were stirred for 2 mins at 100 rpm followed by 5 mins at 30 rpm.the treated samples were allowed to settle for 1hr, after which pernatant aliquots were withdrawn via pipette turbidity was measured as nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Other Tests performed are Hardness Test, Chloride Test, Sulphate Test and Nitrate Test. Results and Conclusions: Chitosan works effectively in neutral and alkaline condition. Chitosan, a sea food industry waste are effective in removing turbidity and other parameters. The removal efficiency of turbidity of chitosan is 100% where as alum showed 50% efficiency at same concentration and ph. Performance of chitosan depends on internal water characteristics. We can conclude that chitosan can be used as a coagulant in 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

52 water treatment. Chitosan is better than alum in reducing turbidity and also effective in reducing hardness, nitrate and chloride in water sample. Thus the value added by product from waste can be used for economical purpose instead of dumping as a waste. 26. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON AIR ENTRAINED FERROCEMENT PANELS WITH HIGH VOLUME FLY ASH AND COMPATIBILITY OF CONNECTIONS COLLEGE : P.D.A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GULBARGA GUIDE : PROF. A. B. HARWALKAR STUDENTS : ASHWINI T. ANUR SYED MUJEEB JYOTI S. PATIL NAGESH Introduction: The concept of industrialization of the construction technology has emerged as well accepted and preferred option in the field of building construction. The development of new construction materials and technology can partly relieve pressures on the existing building material supply and help to arrest the spiraling rise in cost of these materials and also may reduce in situ construction activities. In addition to economic and ecological benefits, the use of fly ash in cement matrix improves its workability, reduces segregation, bleeding, heat evolution and permeability. Objective To experimentally study Air entrained Ferrocement panels with high volume fly ash and compatibility of connections Methodology In this project 8 no. of panels of size 1500 x 600 x 12mm are cast to study the flexural strength, 10 no. of 300mm diameter with 12mm thickness for the study of thermal conductivity and 2 no. of panels of size 1500 x 600 x 12mm for compatibility of connection. For the cementitious matrix it is decided to use fly ash, sand as the siliceous ingredients and Build Plast AEA as the air entraining agent. Results and conclusion The addition of fly ash resulted in decrease of compressive strength of mortar. But the flexural behavior of fly ash added ferrocement panels under uniformly distributed load, is superior when compared with control panels. From the criteria of 52 initial cracking load and thermal conductivity, the optimum percentage of fly ash addition to the ferrocement panels is 50%. 27. ASSESMENT OF WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR GROUND WATER - A CASE STUDY : DHARWAD TALUK COLLEGE : S. D. M. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHARWAD GUIDES : PROF. I.T. SHIRKOL PROF. S. G. JOSHI STUDENTS : BHIMAKKA BELAHAR IRAVVA ANGADI SAHANA BASTI VANI JOSHI Introduction: In the last few decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the demand for fresh water due to rapid growth of population and the accelerated pace of industrialization. Rapid urbanization, especially in developing countries like India, has affected the availability and quality of groundwater due to its overexploitation and improper waste disposal, especially in urban areas. Water quality index is one of the most effective tools to communicate information on the quality of water to the concerned citizens and policy makers. WQI is defined as a rating reflecting the composite influence of different water quality parameters. WQI is calculated from the point of view of the suitability of groundwater for human consumption Objectives: To turn complex water quality data into information that is understandable and usable by the public. Water Quality Index based on some very important parameters can provide a simple indicator of water quality. To determine the suitability of groundwater for human consumption based on computed water quality index values. Methodology: The data containing tested parameters of water samples were collected from Zilla Panchayat Office Dharwad This data is used in this project for the calculation of water quality index. This forms the attribute data. The water samples for various parameters as per ISI standards are analyzed and water quality index that reflects the extent of the ground water pollution is determined. Results and Conclusions: In this study, the computed WQI values ranges from to and therefore, can be categorized 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

53 into four types excellent water to very poor. The table shows the percentage of water samples that falls under different quality. The high value of WQI at these stations has been found to be mainly from the higher values of ph, total dissolved solids, fluorides, and calcium hardness in the groundwater. Scope for future work: WQI may also be calculated for the uncovered villages, which we could not cover due to the shortage of time. It can also be calculated for the lakes, rivers and open wells for the assessment of suitability of water. 28. SUSTAINABLE AND COST EFFECTIVE BUILDING MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY THROUGH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY GRANITE CUTTING SLURRY WASTE POWDER AND PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATES BY MANGALORE TILE BATS FOR ARCH LINTELS COLLEGE : SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR GUIDE : MS. SARASWATHI RANGAPPA TEGGI STUDENTS : MOHAN KUMAR S NAGANITHIN D S Introduction Engineering judgment and judicious use of available materials can reduce the cost of housing. Efforts are needed in this regard to bring about economy in housing cost and also proper utilization of limited resources. Arch lintels are the structural members, which are used in building to bridge across the openings of doors, windows or cupboards etc to support the weight of the superimposed masonry. Brick arch lintels show many cracks and steel sections are wasteful and become loose when exposed to sun due to their high rate of expansion and corrosion problems. Due to some of this reasons arch lintels are constructed using pre-cast concrete blocks as a substitute to above mentioned materials. The proposed study is to use the pre-cast concrete block, which is wedge shaped made of cement concrete with partial replacement of Cement by granite cutting slurry waste powder and coarse Aggregate by Mangalore tile bats and compared with cement concrete brick arch. Objectives: To cast wedge shaped cost effective concrete bricks by partial replacement of cement by Granite cutting slurry waste powder and coarse aggregate by Mangalore tile bats of appropriate proportion so as to preserve the strength of cement concrete (Tilecrete) block and at the same time make it cost effective and eco friendly. To construct the semi circular arch lintels using wedge shaped cost effective concretre bricks with different number of layers of bricks. Methodology: Determination of the basic properties of materials used in concrete and new concrete mix. Determination of the compressive strength of various mixes at 28th days. Casting and curing the cement concrete and Tilecrete Bricks. Construction and curing of Arch lintels. It is chosen that 10% replacement of cement by granite cutting slurry waste powder. This conclusion by casting mortar cubes and calculating compressive strength of this cubes for cement and cement + slurry powder (for various ratios).from the above results, 20% replacement of coarse aggregate has been taken by MANGALORE TILE BATS for construction of arch. Results and conclusion: By using the arch mould concrete and tilecrete bricks (with partial replacement of Cement with 10% Granite Industry Waste (fine slurry powder) and coarse aggregate with 20% Mangalore tile bats) can be produced in mass, cured and handled very easily (precast elements).environmental friendly because Granite fine slurry powder are dumped in and around city limits, once it get dried it mixes with air and causes air pollution which is hazardous for environment. Mangalore tile bats being a waste materials being used as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate, hence the project becomes cost effective. Scope for Further Work: Replacing the fine aggregate by crusher dust and demolished waste etc. Replacement of cement by fly ash and marble polished slurry powder etc. Study of different profile and thickness of arches. Study on effect of haunch height for load carrying capacity of arch. 29. DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF HIGH VOLUME FLYASH CONCRETE FOR RIGID PAVEMENT OVER LAYS COLLEGE : SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR GUIDE : MR. B. H. MANJUNATH STUDENTS : NIKHIL T. R. CHETHAN J. GURUNATH N. R. SUMATHI H. D. Introduction: Cement is the second largest material consumed after 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

54 water Now a day s concrete pavements are gaining popularity for its own good paving properties. As such a consumption of cement is increased drastically. As cement demand increases, production also increases. An admixture is an additional material like flyash, added to concrete in order to improve a particular or desired property of concrete. Fly ash is a finely divided residue obtained from the combustion of powdered coal and transported by the flue gasses and collected by electrostatic precipitator. The important property of fly ash is its spherical form; because of its spherical shape it improves the workability of concrete. When it is substituted for cement at certain percentages. Fly ash contains reactive constituents and unreactive crystalline matter. Reactive constituents reacts with lime and offers hydrated minerals to impart strength and reactive matter gives packing effect to the concrete, filling up of pores and thus by increases the strength Here an attempt is being made to consume this pollution causing material to a utility by using it in concrete. Objectives: Compatibility study of different cements with the super plasticizers using MARSH CONE. Workability measurement in respect of optimum dosage of admixtures as determined by marsh cone. Methodology: Collection of materials. Fabrication of marsh cone equipment. Various tests on the materials are conducted. Based on the test result of materials, mix design is done in accordance to Draft code IS Using the mix design, cubes, cylinder and beams are caste and tested for various properties. Results and conclusion: From the results of marsh cone test, it is concluded that, at saturation point, marsh cone time in seconds for BRAND1, BRAND2, BRAND 3 and BRAND 4 are 11.6, 13.0, 13.3, and 16.0 respectively. From this we can conclude that BRAND1 cement is more compatible with admixture conplast SP 430, because the marsh cone time is lowest than any other cements, when compared. Hence Ultra tech cements are used for further studies. 30. STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE USING FOUNDRY DUST IN FINE AGGREGATE COLLEGE : SRI TARALABALU JAGADGURU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RANEBENNUR GUIDE : MR. G.E.RUDRAPPA STUDENTS : CHANDRASHEKHAR A. S. PRADEEP M. SHASHIDHAR L. T. VIJAYARAJ N. K. Introduction: Evaluation for pavement overlay properties like compressive strength,, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity etc as per available standard methods. Marsh cone equipment line diagram The concrete consists of hard inorganic material called aggregate such as gravel, sand of crushed stone etc., mixed cement and water. A few hours after mixing material undergo chemical reaction and mixtures get solidified and it attains strength with age. The strength of concrete depends upon the components such as aggregate, quality of cement, water-cement ratio, workability, normal consistency of mix, proportion and age of concrete. In new building materials, materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, foundry rand, etc., are tried as partial replacement in concrete in which mixture plays an important role in characteristics of concrete. Objectives: The following are the main objective of study. a. To compare the crushing strength plain cement concrete with foundry dust concrete. b. To evaluate flexural strength of plain cement concrete and foundry dust concrete nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

55 Conclusions: Comprehensive strength of cubes and Flexural strength of beams increases as the curing period increases and followed conventionally. The addition of 15% of foundry dust is optimum as compressive strength and flexural strength are maximum. As the percentage of foundry dust increases both flexural and compression strengths of cubes and beams reduced. The compressive strength of concrete with the partial replacement of both foundry sand is within the allowable limits. There is a 10% reduction in concrete cost by using foundry sand. 31. A STUDY ON MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PUTTUR TOWN, DAKSHINA KANNADA COLLEGE : VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, PUTTUR GUIDES : DR. B. T. SURESH BABU GOVARDHAN SHENOY STUDENTS : RAJATH HEGDE K. PRAMOSH KUMAR RAI SAKETH SHETTY T VIJETH KUMAR B. K. Objectives: To study the efficiency and effectiveness of existing Municipal Solid Waste Management activities. To evaluate the present methodologies used in Collection, Transport and Safe Disposal techniques adopted in Puttur city. Methodology: Collection of information by reviewing various literatures to get an idea on solid waste management. Study on existing population, number of dwellings, type of living standards, etc. through census technique. Estimation of total quantity of solid waste generated in the society/community. Study the components of the municipal solid waste, by collecting various samples of garbage from different extensions/areas/wards. Analysis and classifications of different components of solid waste sample for Moisture content and Density parameters. Study on Transport route and Transport vehicles used for the collection of solid waste. Determination of total cost involved in solid waste collection system and its management. Study on effectiveness of Solid waste Management of the whole town using results of analysis and concluding. Scope for future work: Suggestions are to be made on the available results or project outcome, to improve the existing system of Solid waste management of the town. COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 32. SPARE BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION USING RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CELL COLLEGE : EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. SURESH.M. B. STUDENTS : SUJWALA B. S. VIVEK H. B. VINAY K. R. SRIRANGA DIWAKAR HEGDE Introduction: The RM (Resource Management) cell is used when the ABR (available bit rate) service type has been selected for indicating the source about the state of traffic in the network. The RM cell reports on the network characteristics such as bandwidth availability, congestion state and impending congestion on the network. The process (in which RM cell is used) requires the source to send a resource management cell requesting the desired bandwidth before actually sending the cells. If the switch accepts the request, the RM cell is passed on to next switch until it reaches the next destination. However, if a switch cannot grant the request it simply drops the RM cell. The source waits till timeout and resends the request. ATM is a data transfer technology which supports fixed packet size data transfer. ATM, as a connectionoriented technology, establishes a virtual circuit between the two endpoints before the actual data exchange begins. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

56 Objectives: To utilize the spare bandwidth available in ATM network for the transmission of non-real time data. Advantages: Server allocates andwidth to the clients based on its priority and bandwidth request. Implemented in various client-server platforms where few users need more bandwidth often. Provides good quality of service. Gives more room for high-prioritized clients. Efficient allocation of bandwidth. Bandwidth is given to the server after client utilizes the bandwidth to send the data. Applications: The most obvious application of Spare bandwidth allocation is basic communication mode between client and server. The Spare bandwidth allocation application can be used for controlling various departments of an educational institution or a corporate organization. 33. RELATIONAL DATA OBFUSCATION COLLEGE : KLE S GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. R. H. HAVALDAR MS. PADMA DANDANNAVAR STUDENTS : AIJAZ FATEMAH LADIWALA AKHIL PRABHU WALAVALKAR JANHAVI ACHARYA Introduction Data privacy is a hot topic these days. This is hardly a new subject, but has received an increasing amount of attention, largely due to ecommerce. Protecting credit card numbers, medical data and other sensitive information has become more important than ever before, and on a larger scale. For all this encryption is not necessarily required. Many application domains benefit from data sharing, which can range from passing data to a single party for specific calculations to aggregating data from many entities for data mining purposes. In some cases, however, data sharing is impractical due to privacy concerns. Encryption techniques require that data be processed both before and after dissemination, and are incapable of offering different protection levels for different end users. Data Obfuscation is a mechanism that overcomes these limitations. This techniques work within a data set, lowering individual data item accuracy in a systematic, controlled, and statistically rigorous way. Data obfuscation thus lets users disseminate sensitive data in a degraded form that, for many applications, permits sufficient calculation accuracy, but hides the data s most sensitive aspect. Objectives: To come up with software which shall not completely encrypt the database but shall obfuscate the database; so that the Database would be accessible at the same time would maintain individual privacy. To demonstrate the various Obfuscation techniques we thought of taking the Banking Domain as an example. The idea here is to develop an Information Kiosk which shall provide various functionalities as enlisted below: A login facility for generic and privileged user (Administrator). A statistical view of the data (bar graphs). Viewing the database. Insertion and Updation privileges to the administrator. Methodology: Obfuscation techniques used in our system involves Substitution: This technique consists of randomly replacing the contents of a column of data with information that looks similar but is completely unrelated to the real details. For example, the surnames in a customer database could be sanitized by replacing the real last names with surnames drawn from a largish random list. Shuffling: Shuffling is similar to substitution except that the substitution data is derived from the column itself. Essentially the data in a column is randomly moved between rows. Data Masking: Masking data means replacing certain fields with a Mask character (such as an X). This effectively disguises the data content while preserving the same formatting on front end screens and reports. Randomization: This technique consists of replacing the contents of a numeric value with a randomly generated number. For example the month of a year value (1, 2, etc,) can be replaced by any randomly generated number within the range This is one of the simplest and fastest Obfuscation techniques and also preserves the look and feel of the data nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

57 Number Variance : The Number Variance technique is useful on numeric data. Simply put, the algorithm involves modifying each number value in a column by some random percentage of its real value. System Block Diagram: Module Functionality Users Authenti cation Statistic Updation Data Retriev al Obfusc It authenticates the user into: Generic, Authorized and Administrator, based upon their Username and Password It provides a statistical overview of the various schemes in the form of Bar graphs. This module gives insertion and modification facilities on the DB Retrieves the data (original or obfuscated) based on the outcome of the Authentication module. This module applies the various obfuscation techniques on the data. Generic Authorized Administrator Generic Authorized Administrator Generic Authorized Administrator Generic Authorized Administrator Generic Authorized Administrator Table 1: Modules, their functionalities and users Result and conclusion: The goal behind developing our system was to demonstrate the various obfuscation techniques and how they can be used in a real time application. Thus we came up with an Information Kiosk system for a banking domain which provides various functionalities to its users. The functionalities provided to a guest are: A statistical view of the investments made, viewing information regarding various schemes offered etc. The customers are first authenticated, after which they are not only provided with the functionalities offered to the guest but are also provided with a feature to view their personal and investment information in the original state while viewing the information of other customers in the obfuscated state. The administrator is also authenticated, after which he too is provided with the features provided to the guest and in addition has two more features: First, which allows him to view all the tables in both original as well as obfuscated states. Second, which allows him to Insert/Update the tuples. Thus, using obfuscation, our system is able to maintain the security and privacy of the data while still maintaining the look and feel of the data. 34. TCP MODELLING FOR CONGESTION CONTROL COLLEGE : KLE S GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : PROF. D. M. CHOUDHARI STUDENTS : GANESH HEGDE SHWETA HUNAGUND PRATIBHA UPADHYE VIVEK M. Introduction: Congestion control algorithms are fundamental for distributed systems like the global internet. These algorithms prevent such systems from collapsing by excessive traffic and may save resources by avoiding useless processing. In particular, congestion control mechanisms in the end nodes are appealing as they control the traffic souce directly rather than its effects inside the network. The Transport Control Protocol (TCP) was designed to adaptively fit the network capacity on an end-to-end basis and has become a universal transport protocol. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, requiring connection establishment between sender and receiver for providing a reliable data transfer. A TCP connection is entirely managed in the end nodes. To establish the connection, either end nodes (hosts) may start the procedure by sending a request packet to the opposed side. The full procedure is commonly referred to as three-way handshake because it involves the exchange of three packets in total. The end node starting the connection establishment is called client 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

58 host and the other side is the server host. The three-way handshake makes use of the SYN flag (1 bit) in the TCP header to mark the packet used exclusively for connection setup reasons. Methodology and Results: The client host first sends a special SYN packet to the server host requesting a connection setup. Provided that the server host is able to accept the connection, it allocates the TCP buffers and variables to the connection and sends back an acknowledgement generally called SYN, ACK to the client host. Upon receipt of the acknowledgement of the server host, the client host also allocates buffers and variables to the connection, and transmits another acknowledgement ACK to the server host. After these packet exchanges, the SYN flag is permanently set to zero and the regular data transmission begins. The connection termination takes place in an analogous manner, in which any of the two end nodes may initiate the procedure. Another specific flag in the TCP header is used for closing a connection, the FYN flag (1 bit). After the connection termination, both end nodes have their resources freed. Conclusion: TCP is a transport protocol that guarantees reliable ordered delivery of data packets over wired networks. Although it is well tuned for wired networks, TCP performs poorly in mobile ad hoc networks. This is because TCP s implicit assumption that any packet loss is due to congestion is invalid in mobile ad hoc networks where wireless channel errors, link contention, mobility and multi-path routing may significantly invokes congestion control procedures, it will suffer from performance degradation and unfairness. 35. MULTI-LINGUISTIC PEOPLE SEARCH COLLEGE : MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN GUIDE : DR. K. C. RAVISHANKAR STUDENTS : V. PRABHA MEGHNA K. R. SHILPASHREE D. R. SHRUTHI H. R. Introduction In any search engine search behavior by a potential customer is not clear-cut and distinct. It is an involved and downright complicated process to implement for maximum FINDABILITY and VISIBILITY of the products and services online. And what adds to this difficulty is language. Identifying, assembling and implementing the 58 diverse query techniques of phrases or keywords may be an exhaustive job for common man because of their poor hold on English language. The multilingual people search project provides a platform to common man for using the multi-lingual search engine efficiently. It works by storing information of different persons using different languages in the database, which they retrieve later on the specific request. When the user inputs the keyword for search, the contents of the page is analyzed to determine the index/key word. The interface will provide the user with the choice of selecting a language (English, Hindi, and Kannada).To assist the user with the keyboard help is provided in the help document. User is also provided with the option to add, update or delete the database but only with the administrative privilege. All the above option requires a thorough search of the database and also updates the database. An output screen with suitable result is displayed for the respective operation. Objective To provide common man a search engine where he can choose a language he is comfortable with. It relieves common man from the overload of learning English language and gives an easy and explicable interface for searching details of persons stored in database with the ease of choosing a preferred language. It can also be used as a search engine in a broader perspective. Methodology The project basically uses Unicode as its backbone. The scripting languages used are HTML & PHP and MySQL for the queries. The use of XAMPP makes it possible to run apache in windows. It is a free and open source cross-platform web server package, consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MySQL database, and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming languages mainly used for web developing projects. Results and Conclusion The main objective of this project is achieved by providing a search engine that can understand 2 languages Kannada and Hindi. It provides a highly interactive user friendly GUI based software tool. This project is helpful in providing the common people a platform to use search engines in their local language (specifically Kannada & Hindi). This system is easy to understand and access. It is simple to use with an appealing interface. Scope for Future Work The software can be easily enhanced. The flexibility of the software allows for the enhancement to meet timely changing needs of the user. Other regional 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

59 languages can be added to increase its usage. The search can be made more efficient by providing a translator which can be used in translating the information provided and searching the whole database for the desired output. An additional facility to add photos and thumb impression along with person s detail will make the information more sophisticated. 36. OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR NETWORKS USING COGNITIVE APPROACH COLLEGE : NITTE MEENAKSHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MS. KAVITHA SOODA STUDENTS : PAVITHRA R. RANJINI R. Introduction Figure 1. Cognitive Approach The feedback loop was commonly called as OODA loop as shown in Figure 2, used by military officers for thought process of their opponents. The recent growth in the user demands and the technology transformation in networking have led to a paradigm shift in designing new modalities of operations of network with increased capabilities and ease of use. The need of the hour is that the network adapts its behavior to the changes in networks, learns from its environment and exploits the knowledge to improve its future behavior. Cognition can be compared to the mental process including above mentioned aspects. In this, Perception is to learn from the environment and understand the changes of environment. Acting and planning evolves from what has been understood, Learning is to understand and grow in the environment, Reasoning is to analyze the reasons or the motivations of the changes and Decision making is to decide what to do according to the results of reasoning to achieve a predefined goal. Objectives: To find the optimized path from source to destination by implementing numerical optimization techniques. Methodology: Cognitive network is a network composed of elements that, through learning and reasoning, dynamically adapt to varying network conditions in order to optimize end-to-end performance as shown in Figure 1. This has evolved to meet the requirements of the network as a whole, rather than the individual network components. Figure 2. OODA Loop There are two important components that need to be included in the OODA loop. One is the overarching module, which deals with the input to the loop and guides the orientation and decision components by providing a context in which to make a decision. The second one is the learning module, which prevents mistakes from previous iterations occurring in future iterations. Results and conclusion: It can be concluded that the Davidon- Fletcher-Powell algorithm is the better algorithm of the three for optimization as the time taken by it to compute the best path is lesser and that the method it employs in finding the optimal solution has a property of superlinear rate of convergence on general functions, and quadratic termination using exact line searches on quadratic functions. Scope for future work: Genetic algorithms work with the coding of the parameter set and not the parameter themselves. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

60 37. AUTOMATIC AND DYNAMIC GENERATION OF RANDOM IMAGES COLLEGE : P. A. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MANGALORE GUIDE : DR. WASEEM AHMED STUDENTS : KEERTHI NAYAK MEGHA C. R. RAINY MARIA D SOUZA RAJATHA Introduction: Numerous computer applications utilize images for visualizing objects. An image gives more life and understanding in any field. An image is composed of several objects. Ray tracing is a method of creating visual art in description of an object or scene is mathematically converted into a picture. To create these objects it need to read a text file containing the information describing the objects and lighting a scene and generates a image of that scene from the view point of the camera also described in the text file. A freely available image creation application in the public domain called Persistence of Vision Ray Trace (POV-Ray) provides these features. The POV-Ray creates image using rendering technique called retracing, that is software traces imaginary light rays backwards from where the end point lies (pixels on computer screen) to their initial point (some light source of the screen). This step is repeated pixel by pixel until entire image is created. Objective: To provide an interface which generates the images dynamically. Methodology: Results and Conclusion: Dramatically decreases the memory storage, because a single code runs for the different views. Each time the user gives the input, the code is generated and is overwritten.less man hours are required. Less prone to errors.easy to accomplish. Scope for future work: Code extension can be done by merging different templates. One can explore ways to improve the performance of rendering for visualizing artificial scenes with photo-realism on the screen of a workstation. 38. MANAGE PRISONS (CONTROLLING CRIME) COLLEGE : S.K.S.V.M.A COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, LAXMESHWAR GUIDE : MS. VIJAYLAXMI. B STUDENTS : POORNIMA.H.NAYAK SAVITA.S TAWSIFABANU J. SAYED Introduction Prison systems are organised in vastly varying ways. Some countries have a number of prison systems in operation, independent from one another to varying degrees, e.g. federal system, state prison system, county and district prisons systems. Most, however, have a prison system that is organised nationally, with the central prison administration having full authority over the regional and local administrative departments. Objectives This project is aimed at developing a prison management system that is a collection of registers and reports for the effective management of prisons.besides this police and government officials can see crime/criminals reports for their purpose. Results Step 1: Obtain picture type and corresponding parameters from the user. Step 2: Generates corresponding POV-Ray source code using the user inputs. Step 3: Compiling POV-Ray files to generate the image. Step 4: Display the picture back to the user nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

61 ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING 39. BIOMETRICS FINGER PRINT AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM COLLEGE : ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR GUIDE : MR. GOUTHAM M. A. STUDENTS : ASHWINKARANTH K. S. BRIJESH RAJANNA GONCHIKAR BHASKAR CHOUDHARY DENISH RAJU Introduction: Conclusion Manage prisons is based on JSF.JSF is very new technology. It provide the security to access the prison details. It will reduce the burden for managing prison records. It reduces the complexity. Website should be highly customized and flexible enough to easily deploy without much efforts gives a solution for prison management system that collection of registers. Reports for management of prisons decides this police and government officials can see crimes/criminals reports for the police station. Biometric devices are key security devices considered in the development of a security plan. The Project is to investigate the current techniques for fingerprint recognition. This target can be mainly decomposed into image preprocessing, feature extraction and feature match. For each sub-task, some classical and up-to-date methods in literatures are analyzed. Based on the analysis, an integrated solution for fingerprint recognition is developed for demonstration. The demonstration program is coded by MATLAB. For the program, some optimization at coding level and algorithm level are proposed to improve the performance of the fingerprint recognition system. These performance enhancements are shown by experiments conducted upon a variety of fingerprint images. Also, the experiments illustrate the key issues of fingerprint recognition that are consistent with what the available literatures say. Objectives: To check the identity of the finger specific features that a person enters through comparison with the archived fingerprint features of multiple people. Methodology: A fingerprint recognition system constitutes of fingerprint acquiring device, minutia extractor and minutia matcher [Figure 1]. Scope for future work This application is made online to provide information to management system. Means data will automatically updated by admin instructor. So it is easy to retriew the data from database information. User can get required file by specifying any searching criteria. Figure 1. Block diagram Fingerprint Recognition System. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

62 For fingerprint acquisition, optical or semi-conduct sensors are widely used. They have high efficiency and acceptable accuracy except for some cases that the user s finger is too dirty or dry. However, the testing database for our project is from the available fingerprints provided by FVC2002 (Fingerprint Verification Competition 2002). So no acquisition stage is implemented. Algorithm Level Design To implement a minutia extractor, a three-stage approach is widely used by researchers. They are preprocessing, minutia extraction and postprocessing stage. Introduction Security is the name of the protection of every new invention, in this regard, is bound to have profound implications. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one such invention which breaks new barriers in the field of security. The other mind boggling aspect of RFID is the number of applications it can be used in. It has attempted to secure the ignition of a bike using RFID. The technology though simple has far reaching implications. The basic feature here is that the bike is installed with a RFID reader. This reader is programmed for a unique tag with a unique tag code. When the tag is brought in the vicinity of the reader, it is read by the reader. If the code read by the reader matches with the one stored in the program, a high is given as output else the output goes low. In a world, where security is the name of the game, every new invention, in this regard, is bound Objective To secure the ignition of bike using RFID Methodology Figure 2. Minutia Extractor 1. Block diagram of the system: Results and Conclusion: Some novel changes like segmentation using Morphological operations, minutia marking with special considering the triple branch counting, minutia unification by decomposing a branch into three terminations, and matching in the unified x-y coordinate system after a two-step transformation are used in our project, which are not reported in other literatures we referred to. Also a program coding with MATLAB going through all the stages of the fingerprint recognition is built. It is helpful to understand the procedures of fingerprint recognition. And demonstrate the key issues of fingerprint recognition. For instance the image is processed in terms of matrix though it s time consuming; as a result the image is processed in detail and hence efficient processing. Further about implementation, the project provides the percentage for matching which in turn provides customized option for the user. 40. RFID FOR SECURING THE IGNITION OF BIKES COLLEGE : B.V.BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI GUIDE : PROF. SAROJA V. SIDDAMAL STUDENTS : ABHIJEET AKSHAY DESAI SHIRISHGOUDA PATIL 2. Opto-Coupler: The function of the opto-coupler circuit is to provide isolation between the 8051 and the driver circuit. The signal generated from the 8051 is fed to the opto-coupler through a current limiting resistor. The signal that arrives from the 8051 makes the LED glow and biases the opto-coupler transistor. The transistor conducts getting into saturation region. Now the biasing is provided to the driver transistor through the resistances R2 and R3. The transistor Q1 also conducts and provides a voltage of 9V across the diode, to drive the relay. From the relay contacts the bike is made ON. Results This application is useful for not only fuel filling, but also for loading of road tanker trucks with chemicals, oil or even gasoline at filling terminals and tank farms. The same process described above can be used by a chemical manufacturing company for example to automate its loading and dispatches nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

63 Conclusion Although hurdles remain, it s a technology that holds great promise for the future. The principle hurdle is the high cost of the technology which isn t permitting its entry into every field. Currently it s being used only by the higher end vehicles. But with further dip in prices, this technology will inevitably make its mark in every sphere. An added advantage of this is that it can be used by a layman without depending on a technical person. If efficiently implemented, RFID has the power to make everyday life unfathomably secure. 41. DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF MICROCONTROLLER BASED GOVERNOR CONTROLLED IC ENGINE AND ALTERNATOR SET USED FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY USING BIOGAS Methodology Biogas produced in the tank by anaerobic fermentation is given to the four stroke engine through a gas outlet pipe. The engine is coupled to the alternator which produces power to be delivered to the domestic load. Here to maintain constant speed of Alternator which is coupled to the four stroke IC Engine, to obtain constant power irrespective of load a feedback circuit is used, which is programmed by use of Microcontroller. The speed of the Alternator is compared with preset value. Any difference in the value changes the diameter of IC engine valve. To adjust the amount of fuel injected in to the engine, stepper motor is used for acceleration/deceleration purpose. Speed of the stepper motor is controlled using microcontroller program. COLLEGE : CANARA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BANTWAL TALUK, D.K. GUIDE : MR. RAGHAVENDRA SOODA STUDENTS : PRITHVI KOMARPANT RAO SIMI SOWMYASHRI K Introduction Biomass power, also called bio power, is electricity produced from biomass fuels. Biomass consists of plant materials and products. Biomass fuel include residue from wood, paper product industries, residues from food production and processing, trees and grasses grown specially as energy crops and gaseous fuels produced from solid biomass, animal waste and landfills. Biomass can be converted into electricity in one of the several processes: (a) The majority of biomass electricity is generated today using a steam engine. In this process, biomass is burned in a boiler to make steam. The steam then turns a turbine which is connected to a generator that produces electricity. (b) Solid biomass is converted into fuel gas in a gasifier. Biomass contains methane and carbon dioxide. The biogas can be used for heating or for electricity generation in a modified combustion engine. Objective The objective is to identify technologies that could be used in providing affordable and reliable power supply to rural areas, and effect implementation through distributed generation schemes whenever feasible. System Description Figure 1. Block diagram The above figure shows the schematic diagram of the plant producing power using 4 stroke engine and microcontroller feedback circuit. Biogas plant: Biogas is produced in this plant through anaerobic fermentation which is collected in dome shaped space. The biogas flows through a small hole in the roof of the dome to the IC engine through outlet gas pipe. IC Engine: A four stroke petrol start kerosene engine is used to convert chemical energy in to mechanical energy. IC engine is coupled to the alternator. Alternator: The electrical machine which converts mechanical power into alternating current power is called as an alternator. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

64 Microcontroller unit: To maintain constant speed of Alternator which is coupled to the four strokes IC Engine, to obtain constant power irrespective of load a feedback circuit is used, which is programmed by use of Microcontroller. The feedback circuit controls the valve opening through stepper motor. ULN 2003AG IC is used as a driver for Relay switching operation which is employed in our project to operate the switching nature of the machines. Stepper Motor: A transition of bit pattern causes the rotor to move by a small amount, or a STEP, so named as stepper motor. The size of this step is dependent on the teeth arrangement of the motor. Speed control is achieved by simply varying the frequency of the bit pattern. Results Simulations Different types of simulation can be done using this Matlab/Simulink engine model. Here we simulate the open-loop dynamics of the engine. The first simulation is executed for the engine when the external torque is zero, the throttle angle is constant α =1rad and the engine velocity transient response is obtained. The result presented in Figure 2(a) engine speed (rad/sec) Engine speed response with Alpha=0.32 and torque=10sint time(sec) Figure 2(b): The engine velocity output, α = 0.32rad, external torque =10 sin (t) This last simulation shows that the steady state velocity is about 370rad/s and there are some velocity oscillations according to the extern torque variations. Thus, to reduce the output sensitivity to extern torque variations, it is necessary to implement some type of feedback control scheme. The reference speed signal is shown in figure 2(c). Figure 2(c): The reference speed signal Figure 2(a): The engine velocity output (rad/s) in response to a unit throttle position input The velocity transient response shows some time delay at the beginning of the process and the steady state velocity is about 620rad/s. Another simulation is done for the throttle position α = 0.32rad when the external torque = 10 sin (t). The engine velocity transient response is shown in figure 2(b). Initially the reference speed is 150rad/s and is greater than the idle speed of the engine, which are 100rad/s. If we try to simulate the engine response, when the reference speed is 100rad/s initially, the engine stops due to engine friction torque and insufficient controller output. The External Torque signal in Figure 2(d). This signal has been chosen to verify the system response under rapid external torque variations nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

65 model creation has been explained step-by-step. Some simulations have been executed to demonstrate the open loop and closed-loop dynamics of the engine. The model can be used for closed-loop cruise velocity control and injection/ignition system simulations, too. It is possible to integrate this model into the complete model of the car dynamics [4]. The results presented here can be adapted to the electronics, mechatronics and mechanics curricula to help in development of the skill of complex system simulation. Future Development Figure 2(d): The external torque signal The spark advance signal obtained by simulating the model is shown in Figure 2(e). Spark Advance (% of MBT) The Spark Advance Signal Time (Second) Figure 2(e): The spark advance signal The alternator output is obtained by simulating the model is shown in figure 2(f). Use of four stroke engine that reduces incomplete scavenging of the unwanted gases, but even a small percentage of unwanted gas like carbon dioxide that is liberated during the combustion will reduce the efficiency. So it can reduce it by the addition of alkalis like KOH or NaOH which are good absorbents of carbon dioxide Thus power output can be improved. The required KOH or NaOH is expensive; alternatively it can be synthesized from the residual products of chemistry laboratory with suitable method. 42. AUTOMATED TEMPERATURE TRACKING SYSTEM USING ibutton COLLEGE : CHANNABASAVESWARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUBBI, TUMKUR GUIDE : DR. SURESH KUMAR D. S. STUDENTS : CHAITHRA R. CHANDANA C. KAVYA CHOWDARI K. M. POORNA TEJESWINI M. Introduction Automated Temperature Tracking System using ibutton is a project designed to monitor the temperature of different devices or to track or to record automatically the variation of temperature of the objects. Conclusion Figure 2(f): The alternator output This project has presented the approach to complex system simulation using Matlab/Simulink. As an example, the equations of the four stoke, 6- cylinder, 2.7 liter internal combustion engine has been chosen. The down-up method of hierarchical In the project, Thermochron ibutton is used to track the temperature. The Thermochron is built on two technologies, a computer chip enclosed a stainless steel can and a communications protocol. The ibutton is a standalone instrument with a battery and protective housing. Once it is rogrammed it will run for a long time without attention, and without any external connections. The 1-Wire protocol is used to command the ibutton and to retrieve data that is stored on the computer chip inside. The Renesas R8e/25 are fabricated using a highperformance silicon gate CMOS process, embedding the R8C/Tiny Series CPU core, and are packaged in a 40 pin molded-plastic LQFP. It implements sophisticated instructions for a high level of instruction efficiency. With 1 Mbyte of address space, they are capable of executing instructions at high speed. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

66 The Thermochron is built on two technologies, a computer chip enclosed a stainless steel can (called as ibutton), and a communications protocol (called 1-Wire). The ibutton is a standalone instrument with a battery and protective housing. Once it is programmed it will run for a long time without attention, and without any external connections. The 1-Wire protocol is used to command the ibutton and to retrieve data that is stored on the computer chip inside. A Thermochron is a special ibutton that has a temperature sensor, a clock and a memory. The Thermochron can be programmed to record temperature readings at a desired interval. The temperatures can later be retrieved along with thetime of each reading. Every ibutton device has a unique address stamped on the face of the can. This address is also encoded in the computer chip and accompanies any data read from the device. Communicating with a Thermochron requires a 1- Wire interface to the processor, the hyper terminal in computer and a serial us. Programming the Thermochron is called missioning. Programming and Processing of Thermochron through RENESAS advantages more than the other processor. RENESAS R8C/25 is the controller which is the heart of this project. It is a 8bit controller. This is having two serial ports and inbuilt ADC&DAC are available. The main advantage of this controller is having huge amount of flash. This is very useful in Ethernet applications. The RENESAS R8C is fabricated using a highperformance silicon gate CMOS process, embedding the R8C/Tiny Series CPU core, and are packaged in a 40 pin molded-plastic LQFP or a 64-pin molded-plastic FLGA. It implements sophisticated instructions for a high level of instruction efficiency. With 1 Mbyte of address space, they are capable of executing instructions at high speed. Conclusion: Automated Temperature Tracking System using ibutton can be used for many applications where time and temperature must be documented. This is used around the world everywhere as temperature data logger to improve temperature management ensures delivery of high quality product, in railway wheels to maintain the lubricant level etc. RENESAS Controller with very large feature offering simple addressing mode with fixed length instruction field to easily decode the instruction. Overall it provides good behave of high performance, small size, low power consumption etc. ibutton is portable enough to any place required compared to others, so as to access controlling and various data logging term. It has several built in features and unique in operation. Applications: In railway wheels -to maintain a lubricant temperature level. The high resolution is suitable for scientific research and development. In laboratory to maintain temperature of chemical. To improve temperature management ensures delivery of high quality products. The read/write NV memory can store information such as shipping manifests, dates of manufacture, or other relevant data written as ASCII or encrypted files. For monitoring the body temperature of humans and animals. Advantages: The DS1921H/Z Thermochron ibuttons are rugged, self-sufficient systems that measure temperature and record the result in a protected memory section. The recording is done at a user-defined rate, both as a direct storage of temperature values as well as in the form of a histogram. Upto 2048 temperature values taken at equidistant intervals ranging from 1 to 255 minutes can be stored. 43. IMAGE MINING COLLEGE : EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. M. ANAND STUDENTS : NETHRA A. S. SINDHU S. Introduction Advances in Image Acquisition and storage technology have led to tremendous growth in very large and detailed image databases. These images, if analyzed, can reveal useful information to the human users. Image Mining deals with the extraction of explicit knowledge, image data relationship or other patterns not explicitly stored in images. Image mining is more than just an extension of data mining to image domain. It is an interdisciplinary endeavor that draws an expertise in computer vision, image processing, image nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

67 retrieval, data mining, machine learning, database and artificial intelligence. Objectives To deal with the extraction of knowledge, image data relationship, which are not explicitly stored in the images. Methodology A set of images which were affected with different stages of infection were collected and separated into different grades. On these sets of images statistics like Mean, Median, Standard-Deviation, Covariance, Moment, Skewness, Kurtosis, Variance were calculated separately on Red, Green and Blue planes of the JPEG Image lying in that grade. Test Image is given as an input to the program and all the above mentioned features are calculated for that image. Each of these features is compared with the values stored for the standard images, present in the database. The maximum percentage hit occurs, if the maximum features of the test image lie in the range of values of Grade1, Grade2 or Grade3. Depending on the maximum percentage of hits for a particular grade, appropriate information can be suggested to the doctor. Results and Conclusion This technique (CAIR) can be used for reducing and enlarging images as well as removing items from the image which are not wanted (by manually painting 'negative weight' over an area of the image). This operator can be used for a variety of image manipulations including: aspect ratio change, image retargeting and object removal. The operator can be easily integrated with various saliency measures, as well as user input, to guide the resizing process. The decision support system designed by using the concepts of image mining in this project offers a robust and precise tool for medical image processing problem. Image mining do simplify image classification problem which is highlighted in the case study discussed. So it can be concluded that image mining brings down the complexity in high level image processing. Future Work in the factor called intelligence in to the system there by improving the adaptability. 44. INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED PEOPLE USING RFID COLLEGE : G. M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MS. SAVITA S. PATIL STUDENTS : PAVAN R. JAMMIHAL PAVAN S. PRATHIK G. M. SHREE HARSHA S. Introduction Radio Frequency Identifier is an identification method relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using frequency matching method. An example will illustrate its usefulness. An RFID trans-receiver is placed in the bus stop and inside the bus. A visually impaired people are provided with the RFID receiver with voice processor. When bus enters near the bus stand the receiver which is provided to the visually impaired people catches the radio-frequency of the bus and it is decoded by decoder and corresponding voice data is outputted through the speaker with the help of voice processor. For the visually impaired people sitting inside the bus will get the information of the next bus stop with the help of trans-receiver present in the bus stop. Common people will also get the information of the next bus stop in advance with the help of LCD which is provided in the bus. Objective To serve as a navigation and location determination system for the person with visual impairment using RFID tags. Methodology Two block diagrams show arrangements at (a) bust stop and (b) inside the bus. Arrangement at bus stop: To make the system more precise, neural networks may be used as a decision support system to give greater accuracy to our results. Also using fuzzy logic, a deeper analysis about the image features can be made and unique factors can be found out using which we can clearly distinguish between the different grades of images with ease. Future classifier could be enhanced by using neural network and fuzzy logic which brings 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

68 45. REMOTE INTELLIGENT PATIENT ASSISTANCE SYSTEM COLLEGE GUIDES : K. S. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE : MR. J. R. MAHESH PRASATH MR. SUNIL KUMAR G. R. STUDENTS : RITESH UDUPA K. SHARATH A. P. VINOD D. VINOD KUMAR B. Introduction Arrangement inside the bus: Aim of this project is to design an automated system that can hold the medical history of the patients and medical advisory. This device automatically intimates the patients for their medical prescription from time to time. This device also intimates the patient about the pharmaceutical inventory detail. The project realizes the design of Remote intelligent patient assistance system. This is mainly accomplished by the use of a microcontroller and a GSM. Objectives To get medical history stored in the device by sending the request SMS to the device. To remind the patient when his next appointment is due. Methodology: Results and conclusion RFID Technology are being used and applied to provide information to visually impaired people to travel in bus independently from one place to other place especially in Metropolitan cities. For common people and also for the people who are new to the city, LCD is provided in bus to identify the next bus stop, the information provided in LCD can be in any language. The voice processor system is rerecordable. Scope for future work The whole project can be implemented in railway system, libraries and shopping malls. The basic block diagram of the system The microcontroller synchronizes all the activities of the system. It calculates the timings to send the reminder SMS. GSM modem is used for the communication part, i.e., to send and receive SMS. Now as a receiver the modem receives all the SMS sent by the patients and sends it in an order to the microcontroller and it also sends SMS in an order to the corresponding destination. I2C memory stores the details of each patient in a particular location, the medical prescription for a particular reading of any parameter. RTC also acts as a reminder. The timings are calculated by the systems and the remainders are sent based on the RTC. But for the internal working of the microcontroller, it uses the internal crystal oscillator output as clock pulses. The 4x4 keypad is used to feed nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

69 in all the information required. The doctor uses the system directly to control the system. The doctor can view the SMS sent received by the device or the details stored in the memory using the LCD screen. Results and conclusions The system designed thus ensures the proper medical assistance by intimating the patient of the appointments with the doctor and also the medical prescription from time to time. It intimates the doctor about the patient s abnormal condition and thus provides the patient with appropriate medical advice or the next appointment given by the doctor. It also helps the patients in getting their medical history at any time by requesting for it. Scope for future work: Interfacing the microcontroller to an external memory of higher capacity. The code can be translated into any other mobile phone compatible software and the whole system can be implemented on a single mobile phone. The system can be added with the IVRS (interactive voice response system) and more features can be added to the system. 46. ASYNC REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM FOR Z8F64 MCU COLLEGE : KVG COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA GUIDE : PROF. KEDILAYA B. S. STUDENTS : CHAITHRA MANDANNA K. JISHA JOHN PRASAD A. P. AKSHATHA K. S. Introduction: Real time response describes the software that produces the correct response to external and internal events at the proper time. A real-time operating system is an operating system with timing constraints, i.e. each task has to be completed before a deadline. An RTOS is usually used for time critical applications such as onboard spacecraft control, GPS receiver, and robotics. The Async RTOS is a multi-tasking kernel designed for time critical embedded applications. It is developed for ez8 Encore family of microprocessors. A major portion of the Async RTOS source code is written in ANSI C language. Time sharing when used in general purpose operating system provides good response time to the users. However response times vary with load conditions in the system and this behavior is not acceptable for a class of applications called real time applications. A real time application is an application which requires a timely response from the computer system to prevent failure. Thus real time operating systems are used to meet the response requirements of time critical applications. A Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is a multitasking operating system intended for real time applications. Real-time response describes the software that produces the correct response to external and internal events at the proper time. RTOS is an operating system with timing contraints i.e. each task has to be completed before a deadline. The Async RTOS is a multi-tasking kernel designed for time-critical embedded applications. Async refers to events occurring without central control or in unpredictable time interval between successive events. Objective To develop a real time operating system for Zilog- Z8F64 Micro Controller Unit. Conclusion: Real time operating system i.e. micro-os is developed for Zilog-Z8F64 processor which can be used for real time applications. His project lies in the area of realtime systems. Since timing aspect is so critical, it appears everywhere in the application program. Context switching on priority basis has been demonstrated successfully. Interrupt processing in real time is successfully demonstrated. The code can be modified to suit the needs of users. Applications: Motion detection and control. Home appliances. Intelligent home control. Onboard spacecraft control, GPS receiver and Robotics. Weapon systems. Automobile Engine fuel injection systems. Industrial control systems. Medical imaging systems. Scope: Event groups. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

70 Semaphores. Memory management can be implemented. Result: In this project a simple application of real time interrupt has been demonstrated. Also the context switch can be seen in the watch window screen. In the main program two threads are created. First is an application thread of priority 4 and then in that application thread an interrupt thread of higher priority i.e. priority 2 is created. 47. DETECTION OF BRAIN TUMOR COLLEGE : MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN GUIDE : MS. B. R. SUJATHA STUDENTS : MARYAM JAMEELA POORNIMA PATIL POORNIMA SANIL RAGHVENDRA M. Introduction In the evolution of healthcare services, there is an increasing need for greater effective use of imaging data in medical diagnosis and individual risk assessment, treatment selection, and disease prevention. The aim of this project is to detect the presence and shape of brain tumors using imageprocessing techniques. Segmentation of anatomical regions of the brain is the fundamental problem in medical image analysis. Iterative watershed segmentation, which is fast, efficient and reproducible, is used. In this project, a novel semi automatic segmentation method for detection of brain tumor and its shape from MRI (Magnetic Resonance Image) of the patient is presented. Methodology First, preprocessing of the image is done which removes any noise if present and does contrast enhancement. Here, a simple knowledge model for the image, which provides high-level information, is used. Finally, a marker-based iterative watershed algorithm to detect brain tumor and its shape is used. Results and conclusions The code used, removes the air and water particles and also bone fragments correctly. Brain tumour is easily detected when the internal and external markers are defined in the specified manner. Accuracy of result is introduced in the detection of brain tumour when this code is used, which can t be obtained on just a visual examination. Scope for future work 1. Image pre- processing using techniques of anisotropic diffusions or wavelets analyses. 2. To introduce more sophisticated knowledge models in order to better segment tumors and all the other risk areas in head and neck radiotherapy. 48. HUMAN IRIS PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR BIOMETRIC COLLEGE : NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE GUIDE : MR. RAMPRASAD P. STUDENTS : JENISON S. SEQUEIRA PUNEETH KUMAR K. JNANESHA SURAJ S. SHETTY Introduction Iris recognition is an overview of the new emerging biometric technology. A biometric system provides automatic identification of an individual based on the unique feature or characteristic possessed by an individual. The focus will be on image processing and security aspects. This new technology overcomes previous shortcomings and provides recognition of an individual without contact or invasion at extremely high confidence levels. In this project there is a real time iris pattern recognition system and personal details database using CCD (charge coupled device) camera and suitable lighting conditions successfully implemented. Objective To solve the security problem by checking the validity of persons nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

71 Methodology Firstly, image preprocessing is performed followed by extracting the iris portion of the eye image. The extracted iris part is then normalized; the Iris Code is constructed using 1D Gabon filters. Finally two Iris Codes are compared to find the Hamming Distance, which is a fractional measure of dissimilarity. Canny Edge Detection is performed on the preprocessed image. The Hough transform is a technique, which can be used to isolate features of a particular shape within an image. Eyelashes can be masked by using thresholding where a certain level is set. Specular reflections along the eye image are detected using thresholding. MATLAB Implementation is done. To test the system, two data sets of eye images will be used as inputs. But, this model senses the faults itself and alerts concerned person in time; this system tells which parameters have failed audibly in control room and also SMSes about the faulty parameter to maintenance engineer s mobile which reduces the time requirement of whole fault detection process. Objective To make the fault recognition in large scale production industries easier and time efficient without being in contact with the machine. Methodology Results and Conclusion Testing the uniqueness of iris patterns is important, since recognition relies on iris patterns from different eyes being entirely independent, with failure of a test of statistical independence resulting in a match. The mean Hamming distance for comparisons between inter-class iri templates was found to be It can be stated that segmentation is the critical stage of iris recognition, since areas that are wrongly identified as iris regions will corrupt biometric templates resulting in very poor recognition. The results presented have also shown that segmentation can be the most difficult stage of iris recognition because its success is dependent on the imaging quality of eye images. Scope for future work A more elaborate eyelid and eyelash detection system could be implemented. There is scope for improvement in the speed of the system. 49. GSM BASED SMART SENSOR FOR INDUSTRIAL FAULT DIAGNOSER WITH VOICE FACILITY COLLEGE : VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MS. BHAGYALAKSHMI N. STUDENTS : NAGASHRI K. M. KAVERI M. J. SUMITHRA S. Introduction There are number of machines installed in large scale industries which compose of several parameters such as voltage, current, armature winding etc. If any one of these parameters falls out of their working conditions, the machine does not operate. Then, the service engineer will have to check every parameter to find out the exact faulty area which is time consuming and hence inefficient. The parameter sensed by the sensors is passed on to the signal conditioning circuit which is processed and further transmitted to the PIC microcontroller to set the ports for functioning. Results and conclusion The various conditions for range of voltage, temperature and security required are obtained. Scope for future work Defense establishment and irrigational purposes. For irrigation system it operates via SMS, irrigation control with SMS text message by delivering alarm information on uncertain conditions, reservoir levels, pipe leaks or flows with further appropriate working instructions. ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING 50. EMBEDDED POWER THEFT DETECTION AND CONTROL COLLEGE : U.B.D.T. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, DAVANGERE GUIDE : S. A. PUSHPALATHA STUDENTS : ASHWINI S. OMKAR J. POOJA H. B. SUMAN U. Introduction Present day energy meters are electromechanical 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

72 devices used for measurement of electric energy consumption in domestic and commercial establishments. Some consumers try to manipulate the meter reading by making it to under register or even run backwards and various tampering technique are employed such as physically breaking the meter housing, jamming the mechanism, and bypass the meter with effectively using the power and not paying for it. These facts amount to theft which is a heavy loss to the power supplying company. Considering this, it is intended to design a power theft detector using MICROCONTROLLER. This is going to deliver the power to the load only during no-theft condition and cuts off power supply when theft occurs. Objectives To reduce the power theft by designing embedded power theft detector and controller using pic microcontroller for single phase. Methodology When the software is executed ADC takes place and compares the values of current transformer 1 and current transformer 2. When both the values are equal it indicates No-theft conditions whereas as unequal condition indicates the theft condition, and if theft condition occurs relay is used to cut off the load and another relay out put is given to transmitter to indicate the theft condition. Block diagram software and entered into the chip by using programmer. Scope for future work The performance of this project can be improved by using an internet service instead of connecting. This can also be implemented for three phase.over load, underload, over voltage protection can be implemented. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 51. WATER CLARIFICATION USING MORINGA OLIFERA (DRUMSTICK SEEDS) COLLEGE : ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR GUIDE : MR. MAHIMA T. STUDENTS : MONICA CHAKRAVARTHY MANASA H. N. POORNIMA DEVARAJ Objectives To use Moringa oleifera seeds as a natural coagulant. To remove turbidity, bacteria, toxic chemicals like arsenic fluoride, suspended solids and colloidal solids. To make comparative study with conventional coagulants and low cost treatment. Methodology Results and conclusion The system is working satisfactorily for all test conditions. The software can be modified easily for the updated version. This can be implemented in practical applications with small modifications in hardware and software. The software of the project is written in assembly language by using MPLAB Matured seeds are removed from the pods & shelled. Seed kernels are crushed & sieved. The seed powder is mixed with a small amount of clean water to form a paste. The paste is then diluted to the required strength before using it. Insoluble material is filtered out using either a fine mesh screen or muslin cloth. The milky white suspension is added to the turbid water & stirred fast at least for half a minute. Then the water must be slowly & regularly stirred for about 5 minutes. After stirring the treated water should be covered & left to settle for at least 1 hour. If moved or shaken before then, clarification will take much longer time or failed to reach completion. Results and conclusion The removal efficiencies of various parameters by Drumstick seed powder are tabulated. For constant dosage the efficiency of turbidity removal by Moringa Oleifera is more compared to alum to treat same sample of water. The efficiency of turbidity removal is nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

73 high in filtered solution than in unfiltered solution. Coagulant feeding done by wet process is more efficient compared to that of dry process. The amount of sludge produced from drumstick seed solution is less compared to that of alum. Moringa seed solution has the ability to reduce iron to very high extent and will reduce hardness. Water clarification using Moringa Oleifera is a low cost water treatment and can be effectively used at household levels. 52. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COLOUR REMOVAL AND TREATMENT OF COFFEE EFFLUENT USING BAGASSE FLY ASH AND LATERITE AS A FILTERING MEDIA COLLEGE : ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR GUIDE : MR. D. L. LAKSHMI NARASIMHA STUDENTS : ANUSHA RAMESH DEEPIKA B. V. DEEPTHI VINOD JAFFER KHAN PATHAN Objectives To study the characteristics of the coffee effluent. To remove maximum color and to treat the coffee effluent effectively. To compare the performance efficiencies of bagasse fly ash and laterite as the filtering substrate separately as well as in combination. To suggest the best media for the filtration process in the treatment of coffee wastewater. Methodology Coffee processing is carried out by wet method and dry method. Wet method comprises of pulping, fermentation and washing. The extensive pulping operation produces a colored, odorous effluent containing biodegradable dissolved and suspended organic solids which demand proper treatment. A comparative study for treating the coffee effluent by filtration was carried out from January to March mid-week. Samples were collected, preserved and analyzed in the laboratory as per the procedure laid down in the standard methods. Filtration studies were done using fly ash and laterite as filtering media separately as well as in combination. Based on the study it was found that Bagasse Fly Ash is excellent in treating the coffee effluent. Results and Conclusions 1) Out of the different filter media used in the study, it was found that Bagasse Fly Ash proves to be an excellent filtering media in treating the coffee effluent. 2) It is found that when Bagasse Fly Ash was used as a filtering media has excellent removal efficiency 3) When Laterite was used as a filtering media, it was found that the removal efficiency is low and in addition to it, it imparts colour to the treated effluent. 53. ELECTROCHEMICAL COAGULA-TION TECHNOLOGY FOR TREAT-MENT OF HOSPITAL WASTEWATER COLLEGE : SRI JAYACHAMARAJENDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, MYSORE GUIDE : DR. MAHESH S. STUDENTS : RAMYA S. CHAYA K. NITISH MOHITE DEEPAK CHOUKANPALLY MAHESH S. Introduction Electrochemical treatment (ECT) technology has been shown considerable interest during recent years as a very effective treatment method for wastewaters containing refractory and non-biodegradable materials. It uses sacrificial electrodes in an electric field, which can directly or indirectly degrade the pollutants/contaminants at ambient temperatures. Hospitals use a variety of chemical substances such as pharmaceuticals, radio-nuclides, solvents, and disinfectants for medical purposes as diagnostics, disinfections and research. These effluents are loaded with pathogenic microorganisms, partially metabolized pharmaceutical substances, radioactive elements, and other toxic substances. Such effluents if not treated properly could be dangerous to the ecological balance and public health. Objectives To electrochemically treat the real hospital wastewater (HWW) stream generated from the operation theatre (OT) (diluted blood water with solids-tissue) as also combined sewage. To study the effect of number of electrode plates, cell voltage, electrolysis time, and the concentration of additives viz, coagulant aid and 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

74 74 sodium chloride (NaCl) on the removal of COD and solids. To study the settleability of the solid residue and the filterability characteristics of the treated effluent from the batch ECR. Methodology Hospital wastewater was obtained from the operation theatre as also the combined sewage. Both these wastewaters had a very low transparency with OT-HWW having blood red color. This wastewater was directly subjected to electrolysis using iron plate electrodes. The ECC in batch mode were conducted in a 1.5L ECR of cubical shape using iron plates as electrodes. The electrodes were arranged in parallel and connected to the respective terminals of the DC rectifier. In each batch experimental run, 1.5L of wastewater was fed into the electrochemical reactor and stirred continuously to maintain good mixing in the reactor. The ECC in batch mode was carried out by varying the cell voltage and by varying the number of plates. Results and conclusion The optimal results were obtained at 4V and 4 plate configuration. Use of NaCl as an additive at optimal operating conditions to improve COD degradation was a total failure, as the chloride content in the wastewater increased thus increasing the applied current. Al electrodes showed no sludge formation nor showed good filterability. SEM micrographs showed the changes in the anode plate structure with dents formed after repeated ECC cycles. Prolonged use of iron electrodes as anodes produced large number of dents on their surface. Scope for future work The results from the present study suggest a novel electro-coagulation scheme for the treatment of the segregated waste stream from hospitals, except for the fact that at higher applied voltages the electrochemical reactor overflows with treated wastewater, while at lower voltages it displays long electrolyze times. 54. EFFECT OF DOMESTIC WASTEWATER ON SOIL PROPERTIES AROUND TREATMENT PLANT COLLEGE : VIDYA VARDAKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GOKULAM, MYSORE GUIDES : MS. BHAVYASHREE H. N. MR. GIRISH P. STUDENTS : KRITHIKA S. SRIRASHMI S. SOWJANYA B. S. APPACHU P. C. Introduction Irrigation with wastewater is a form of recycling that is practiced in many developing countries. In this study, an attempt is made to assess the effect of wastewater on soil properties and soil fertility. In developing country like India, where agriculture is the main source of economy, the disposal of wastewater on land for irrigation is of great importance. The fast paced growth of population has led to an increase in industrialization & urbanization leading to increase in demand for water. This results in water scarcity from the naturally occurring sources. Increase in demand of water also leads to increase in generation of wastewater. The disposal of wastewater without any treatment may have deleterious effect on the soil. The effects depend on nature of soil and also the quality of wastewater used for irrigation. Objectives To assess the effect of wastewater on soil properties. To examine the suitability of wastewater for irrigation purpose. To analyze the various soil characteristics To trace out the heavy metals present in soil fed with wastewater. Methodology Standard sampling procedures were followed for collecting wastewater and soil. Four samples of Wastewater were collected near the treatment plant at different locations. Seven soil samples were selected from wastewater irrigated agricultural lands around treatment plant from a radius of about 3 km. Then the samples were air dried, pounded and passed through a 2mm sieve and preserved in clean plastic bags for analysis. The soil and water samples are analysed for various parameters such as ph, Electrical Conductivity, Alkalinity, Turbidity, Phosphates, Nitrate, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Copper, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Magnesium), Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, BOD, COD, Chlorides. The Wastewater samples were characterized for various physico-chemical properties, nutrient and heavy metal contents. The results are tabulated and the required parameters are determined. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

75 Results and conclusions Architectural Design The ph of the soil samples irrigated with wastewater was found to be in the neutral range. The treated wastewater from treatment plants are finding their disposal to water bodies, which is later, used for irrigation. Scope for future work: The intake rates of heavy metals like cadmium in plants and its further effects on the health of human beings through food chain needs to be studied and Study on microbiological effect of wastewater disposal on the land and on health of farmers. INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 55. INTRUDER ALARAM SYSTEM COLLEGE : A.P.S. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. SURESH H. STUDENTS : SUHAS R. PAVAN KUMAR K. V. Introduction Intrusions and anomalies are two different kinds of abnormal traffic events in an open network environment. An intrusion takes place when an unauthorized access of a host computer system is attempted. The intrusion detection system (IDS) offers intelligent protection of networked computers or distributed resources much better than using fixed-rule firewalls. The newly proposed HIDS is designed to solve these problems with much enhanced performance. This project presents a new hybrid intrusion detection system (HIDS). This system combines the positive features of both intrusion detection models to achieve higher detection accuracy, lower false alarms.the episode rules are used to build the HIDS, which detects not only known intrusive attacks but also anomalous connection sequences. the intrusion detection system (IDS) offers intelligent protection of networked computers or distributed resources much better than using fixed-rule firewalls. Objectives To detect unknown attacks. To provide information about the attacks to the administrator. Results and conclusion A base-support data mining scheme is proposed to facilitate episode rule generation. Combining SNORT and our ADS, the HIDS outperforms the SNORT and Bro systems by 100 percent and 173 percent, respectively. The HIDS advantages come from using dynamic data mining threshold and automated signature generation. INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY 56. QUALITY AND QUANTITY CONTROL IN DIARY INDUSTRIES COLLLEGE : DAYANANDA SAGAR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. SANTHOSH K. V. STUDENTS : AMEENA JABEEN BALA MURALI A. B. SHRUTHI K. V. Introduction There is a need in the diary industry for instrumentation capable of providing on-line information about the moisture content of cheese during manufacture. Present measurement techniques are usually performed off line and can be susceptible to human error. This project deals with the measure of moisture contents of the diary products which is monitored during manufacturing by the use of humidity sensors. Objectives To maintain a ripening process, humidity monitor & temperature control. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

76 Methodology If the cheese is manufactured with high moisture content, the humidity in the storage area can be a little lower, than if the cheese is made with lower moisture content. For moist cheese, which goes to storage, air humidity of 86-90% should be sufficient; for a more dry cheese it will be necessary to keep air humidity at 90-92%. Air circulation units should come on only 1-2 minutes every hour. especially fossil fuel, have focussed attention on the need to cut down wasteful energy consumption. As energy audit helps in identifying the areas where energy can be conserved, it becomes an important tool in making crucial management decisions. It is a positive approach to energy cost reduction through preventive maintenance and quality control programme. The present work is about electrical energy audit of motors/pumps and thermal energy audit of boiler unit of cogeneration plant in sugar industry. Objective To identify energy saving opportunities in a sugar industry, through energy audit and energy management Methodology The moisture sensed is then converted into the electrical parameter. Then it is linearized. Then the signal is compared with standard signal and to actuate necessary signal. Further, processes during which monitoring of moisture is required are surface treatment, turning, ripening, cooling and storing. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 57. IDENTIFYING ENERGY SAVING OPPORTUNITIES IN A SUGAR INDUSTRIES THROUGH ENERGY AUDIT AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT COLLEGE : BASAVESHWAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BAGALKOT GUIDES : PROF. PATIL G. K. DR. PURANIK V. S. STUDENTS : MAHANTESH R. GUDAGUNTI BASAVARAJ M. FAKIRAPUR HARSHA B. KAMATAGI SANTOSH S. SHEBANNAVAR Introduction Energy audit is an important tool in transforming the fortunes of the organisation. This is highly relevant in sugar industry as it deals with renewable energy source which is looked upon as rural power house. The scope for conservation is immense and, if properly harnessed, it can take the organisation to the path of prosperity. Increasing industrial competition and ever increasing of energy, 76 In this project, energy audit was carried out at M/s Prabhulingeshwara Sugars and Chemicals Ltd, Siddapur, Bagalkot District, Karnataka. Energy audit was conducted on both electrical energy and thermal efficiency of boilers which involved following steps: Collecting data of all motors and pumps such as capacity, rated load etc, used in the industry Grouping according to capacity, energy consumption and usage hours and setting priority based on effective usage (by generating priority rating, using the data) Studying possible alternatives such as usage of variable frequency drives, planetary gear box, energy efficient motors Studying and calculation of boiler efficiency, which include combustion efficiency, thermal efficiency, boiler efficiency, fuel-to-steam efficiency and component efficiency. Component efficiency includes fuel specification, effect of flue gas temperature, excess air, ambient temperature, radiation and convection losses etc. Results and conclusions Based on the audit, the following conclusions were drawn: Use of Energy Efficient Motors is cost effective in saving electrical energy. With replacement by energy efficient motors, saving can be as much as Rs. 40 lakhs per season. It is found that boiler efficiency is directly linked to moisture content. Reduction of moisture will help in improving efficiency. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

77 Ceramic wool insulation reduces the radiation loss considerably. Scope for future work Similar audit can be performed at other sugar industries and a bench mark can be set up so that performance can be evaluated. An indirect bagasse dryer can be developed to reduce moisture from 50% to 45%. With this boiler efficiency can be improved up to 72%. 58. CONSTRUCTION OF AUTOMATED FOOD PACKING MACHINE COLLEGE : G. M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MR. HARSHA H. M. STUDENTS : KARTHIK P. KEERTI NARAYAN N. S. DEEPAK U. S. Introduction Aesthetics and hygiene play a very vital role in deciding the product life management of FMCG products in global consumer market. These two factors can be enhanced by implementing various new food handling packaging techniques before releasing the product for sale in the market. Though the technology is well known to many food product manufacturers, the problem in adapting these techniques in their plant is the cost parameter. Packing machines in today s market conditions are quite expensive. This makes packing machines affordable only to medium and large scale enterprises, while small home and cottage industries will still rely on the very same manual methods of packaging, thus hinders the production rate, in spite of good demand for their product. This explains the need for a low cost, yet economical and affordable, packing machine. Objective The objective of the project is to fabricate an ultra low cost food packaging machine that can pack both liquid and solid foods which is affordable by cottage and home industries. Methodology Packing of bread loaves, using plastic films, was considered in this project. Steps involved are as follows: Designs and problems associated with Horizontal Bed Machine and Vertical Form Fill Machine were studied and redesigned. Based on the study, Form Fill Machine (FFM) was fabricated. This involved procurement of frames, welding of frames, design and fabrication of suitable wooden rollers (for smooth movement of plastic films), coupling with high torque motors, fabrication of filler unit (which provides vertical platforms for pressing operation while heat-sealing and cutting), providing heater unit and protection cover. Results and conclusions The entire assembly can be done with much lower cost which makes this quite affordable by cottage and home industries. The machine does not include any complex parts and this makes it very user-friendly. As there are no pneumatic or hydraulic parts, it requires much lesser floor space. No heavy duty electrical units are included in this machine. The machine will run on single phase power supply. The size and quantities of packets formed can easily be varied by adjusting the size of rollers. Based on packing requirement, the speed of machine (packets per unit time is controlled by the operator (by varying the speed of the motor). 59. APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORKS TO GAS - SOLID FLUIDIZED BED USING MATLAB COLLEGE : K.L.E.SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : DR. G. RAVINDRANATH STUDENTS : KARNI SANDEEP SHIROL SUDHAKAR PATIL KUSHAL RANA Introduction Gas-solid fluidized bed, generally of aggregative nature, is marked by the non-uniform heat transfer coefficient phenomenon. A body immersed in a fluidized bed at a different temperature than itself will experience a rate of heat transfer many times greater than it would experience with the air alone. Fluidized bed provide nearly isothermal environment with high rate of heat transfer to submerged objects due to thorough mixing and large contact area between air and particles. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) also called Simulated Neural Network (SNN) or more commonly called Neural Network (NN) is an interconnected group 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

78 of neurons that uses a mathematical or computational model for information processing based on a connectionist approach to computation. It is a functional imitation of simplified model of the biological neurons and their goal is to construct useful computers for real-world problems and reproduce intelligent data evaluation techniques like pattern recognition, classification and generalization by using simple, distributed and robust processing units called artificial neurons. Objectives To predict the heat transfer analysis with experimental values of single horizontal bare tube and bare tube bundles using artificial neural network with feed forward architecture and back propagation algorithm in MATLAB environment. Methodology MATLAB has a built-in function to perform this posttraining analysis. The network output and the corresponding targets are processed through posttraining. The resulting correlation coefficient (Rvalue) between the ANN outputs and the targets presents the measure of how well the ANN predicts the results. If the resulting R-value is one, then there is a perfect correlation between targets and outputs. The procedure for predicting heat transfer parameters of experimental values obtained in gassolid fluidized bed by artificial neural network in MATLAB environment is discussed. Results and conclusion The results of the data obtained from experiments for Single Horizontal, In-line, Staggered for small and large particles is being used for Training and Testing in ANN work are detailed. The TRAINLM method is adopted for comparison of the set performance limits. Scope for future work Genetic algorithm method can be used for optimizing the data in ANN under MATLAB environment. 60. VARIABLE FLUSH TANK COLLEGE : RAO BAHADDUR Y. MAHABALLESHWARAPPA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BELLARY GUIDE : MR. KORI NAGARAJ STUDENTS : RAGHAVEDRAPRASAD K. K. HARSHA B. T. SRINIVAS S. G. RUSHYANTH T. KODUR Introduction With prevailing increase in population of the world, by 2020, the average water supply per person is 78 expected to be one third lesser than the present supply. It is necessary to take all possible steps to conserve water. The general flushing Cisterns used in India is of capacity ranging from 8-12 liters. If we look at its functioning, It is observed that these cisterns deliver same quantity of water during each flush, irrespective of requirement. It may be necessary to deliver lesser quantity of water when requirement is less. This project is taken to design a cistern to deliver variable supply of water. Objectives To design a cistern with variable supply of water, thereby saving water Methodology The presently used flash tank has a single level controller value and a gravity drop value. When the button is pressed, the gravity drop flow valve is raised and water flows. Once flushing is over, the valve drops due to gravity, thereby, cutting out the tank once it is full, it also shuts off. Take a tank with a dimension 46*22*14. Then take other steel sheet of dimension 3*22*14. At a distance of 20cm from left plane place the sheet. Using M-SEAL, seal the gap and make it leak proof. Now at center of the 2- side of bifurcation, place a gravity drop valve. Now at the height of 22 cm place a control valve on right side. Next at the 14 cm height on the bifurcation plate, place a float valve facing left. Connect the 2 pipes coming out of each in outlet. Trial run is done to detect any leakage Results and conclusion The aim of the project has to been achieved satisfactory level. If this is implemented for e.g. place JINDAL VIDHYA NAGAR. Each house has a flush tank & there are houses. Water saved per day is calculated to be liters/day. 61. DEVELOPMENT OF WEAR RESISTANT HIGH VELOCITY OXY- FUEL COATINGS ON SUPER-ALLOYS COLLEGE : REVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, BANGALORE GUIDES : DR. RAMESH M. R. MR. JEGADEESWARAN N. STUDENTS : GAURAV DIKSHIT SHAHEER BINEESH V. D. Introduction Degradation of materials due to wear at room temperature or at elevated temperature is encountered in large variety of engineering industries. Wastage due to wear of components in heat exchanger tubes, gas- 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

79 turbines and other structural materials in coal-fired boilers are recognized as being the main cause of downtime at power generation plants. This has increased interest in wear and friction properties of alloys and the development of wear protection systems in industrial applications. High velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) thermal spray process, using oxygen and liquid petroleum gas as the fuel gas, has been used successfully to deposit Ni-Cr-Al alloy on Nickel based super alloy Nimonic-75. Under the given spray parameters seemingly layer structured coating has been achieved. The coatings are characterized regarding their microstructure, porosity and micro hardness. The unique micro structure containing flat un-melted particle improves the wear resistance of the coating. The wear performance of the HVOF sprayed coatings was found to be further improved by furnace heat treatment to grow stable α-al 2 O 3 oxide layer. Methodology The present work is focused on - a. The development of wear resistant Ni-Cr-Al coatings using HVOF process, applicable at high temperature environment to protect heat exchanger tubes from fireside corrosion in fossil fuel power plants. b. The micro structural and several properties have been characterized to evaluate its potential as high temperature wear resistant coatings c. Ni-Cr-Al coatings have been furnace heat treated so as to develop α-al 2 O 3 stable oxide layer. d. The dry sliding wear and abrasive wear behaviour of uncoated and Ni-Cr-Al coated super alloys in as prepared and heat treated conditions has been determined and compared using pin-on-disc tribometer at room temperature. Results and Conclusion a. High velocity oxy-fuel thermal spray process using oxygen and liquid petroleum gas as the fuel gas have been used successfully to deposit Ni-Cr-Al alloy on Nickel based super alloy Nimonic-75 b. Under the given spray parameters seemingly layer structured coating with desired thickness range of m and lower porosity content, less than 0.95% has been achieved. c. Microhardness of the coating found to be vary with the distance from the coating substrate interface and is in the range of Hv.This variation in micro hardness value might be due to presence of porosity, oxide, melted and semi melted particles in the microstructure of coating d. XRD result of heat treated coatings conform the presence of α-al 2 O 3, stable oxide phase. e. The frictional coefficients for as coated and heat treated coatings are in the range of f. The frictional coefficient appears to be some what dependent on porosity, micro structural homogeneity and composition of the oxide. It is found to be independent of the hardness. g. Un-coated super alloy shows the higher average specific wear rate when compared to Ni-Cr-Al coatings. The unique micro structure containing flat un-melted particle is expected to improve the wear resistance of the coating. h. The wear resistance of the heat treated coatings is higher than that of as-coated samples as consequences of increase in the homogeneity of the coatings and formation of stable α-al 2 O 3 oxide. i. The specific wear rate and volume loss observed during dry sliding wear test found to be very less in comparison to abrasive wear with SiC paper. 62. STUDY OF COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION OF GRAIN REFINED AL-SI ALLOY USING ALSR AND TIBAL AS GRAIN REFINERS COLLEGE : SAMBHRAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : DR. M. M. BENAL STUDENTS : ANURADHA B. SAURABH ARJUN S. KUMAR SRIJIL M. K. Introduction Aluminium is the earth s most abundant metallic element, making up approximately eight per cent of the planet s crust. Aluminium is three times lighter than steel, but when alloyed, can attain steel s high-strength characteristics. It is corrosion-resistant, making it hygienic and long-lasting. Grain refiner leads the world in the development and production of highly effective grain refining agents for the aluminium industry. Grain refiners are considered to provide benefits in a number of ways including improved feeding during solidification, reduced and more evenly distributed 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

80 porosity, and reduced hot tearing. There are a number of refiners for the foundry industry used industrially. Many potential grain refiners, such as ALSR and TIBAL, are suggested for Al-Si casting alloys. Objectives To reduce coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) value of Al alloys making it suitable for use in in high temperature applications. Methodology 3 Kgs of LM 6 is heated in the range of 700 to 730 C, cover flux is added to it to remove the slag present on the surface area. According to the weight % the powdered grain refiners are added to this and stirred for uniform distribution. 2 to 3 degasser tablets was added to reduce blowholes and minimize porosity in the casting. The two die halves were held firmly together with C-clamps. Then the molten metal is poured into the dies. After solidification the cooled castings in the form of cylindrical bars of diameter 25 mm and length 150 mm were removed from the dies by loosening the clamps. A similar approach was adopted for all the other compositions and corresponding castings were obtained. Throughout the investigation, the castings were prepared by heating the 3 kgs of LM6 and adding the corresponding weight % of grain refiners. Two specimens were prepared one for CTE testing and other for microstructure study. Results and conclusions From the obtained graphs, it was concluded that at 6% of ALSR expansion is minimum in the temperature range of C and at 4% minimum expansion is at temperature range of C. Optical microstructure examination has been carried out to check the homogeneity of grain refiners. Aluminium alloys can prove to be very good substitution for heavy metals in high temperature areas. With the decreased cost and high efficiency these alloys can hence prove to be very economically used in all the above mentioned fields. 63. ENERGY GENERATION USING FOOT STEPS COLLEGE : SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR GUIDE : MR. GOVINDARAJU H. K. STUDENTS : RANGANATH N. MANU D. R. PRADEEP K. S. CHETHAN K. R. Introduction The equipment which maneuvers Energy Generating using Footsteps is basically designed 80 to generate a particular amount of energy using the resource which is available easily, that is our own body weight, in a simple way by reciprocating the cam which in turn runs a dc generator by a rack and pinion transmission system. Adding to it the energy developed is used to glow a LED and it shows that the current or the voltage induced can be utilized in some other way also, it means it can also charge a battery or of any such kind which falls in its context. Objective To design an energy generating unit using foot steps (thereby, helping to solve the present energy crisis). Methodology Dynamo: The DC Generator used here is a Permanent magnet DC Generator which means it has a permanent magnet inside, which creates magnetic lines of force. And the winding are coupled to the Generator s shaft and in turn it is connected to the pinion which receives the primary rotation from the rack. When the winding are rotated the magnetic lines of force are cut, then a small amount of electric current is generated.again the electric current generated is directly proportional to the reciprocating height. Electronic circuit: After receiving the voltage induced by the DYNAMO it is made to pass through an OPAMP circuit which configured to give a gain of 100. This amplification is sufficient enough to for the purpose of our plan. In this circuit an attempt is made to actual control the current and voltages generated and bring it to an almost continuous supply mode by using capacitor at place where it is in need. And an IC 741 is used as the main amplifying device which has a maximum gain of 2*10 5 that s too more for us and the resistors used plays a major role in the amplification.so once the voltage is amplified to a sufficient count then the output voltage from the electronic circuit is given to the display. Display (LED): This is a LED which when glows gives a indication that the current is flowing across it. This will illustrate that the project designed is accomplished because the end result expected is glowing of the LED and a final voltage reading and current reading is taken and the power generated is calculated by using the formula, P=V*I Scope for future work The generation could be simply increased by increasing the windings which increases the amount of 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

81 interaction with the magnetic field and also by simply amplifying the produced one. 64. DEVELOPMENT OF JUTE ROVING REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITES AND STUDY OF THEIR EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES COLLEGE : S.J.M INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHITRADURGA GUIDE : MR. P. S. SHASHIDHAR STUDENTS : AJIT P. BHARADWAJ D. J. MANUNATH E. NAVEEN KUMAR G. Introduction A judicious combination of two or more materials that produces a synergistic effect is called a composite material. It is a material system composed of two or more physically distinct phases whose combination produces aggregate properties that are different from those of its constituents. In order to obtain reliable composite materials in structural applications and to utilize fully the potential of reinforcing fibers, both perfect impregnation and strong interfacial bond formation have to be guaranteed. In the present study, the mechanical properties of jute roving reinforced epoxy composites were investigated as a function of fiber loading and fiber surface wettability. Objectives To prepare Jute roving reinforced epoxy composites by using hand lay-up technique. To study the Mechanical properties of prepared laminates on Universal Testing Machine. Methodology Glass reinforcing fabric is positioned manually in the open mold, and resin is brushed, over and into the glass plies. Entrapped air is removed manually with squeegee and rollers to complete the laminated structure. A hardener initiates curing in the resin system, which hardens the fiber reinforced resin composite without external heat. Figure below shows the basic process of hand lay-up. Laminates are fabricated by hand lay-up technique and cured under light pressure at room temperature for 24 hr. One group of E-glass epoxy composite laminate is also fabricated for comparison purpose. The best combinations of the constituents which exhibit good mechanical properties are chosen as the optimum. The result of various tests is recorded & graphs are plotted. The preparation of Jute roving reinforced epoxy composite laminates is done by hand lay up technique. Results and conclusion It is noticed that the specimen-1 is a brittle material but specimen-2 and specimen-3 are ductile materials. Among the three compositions, specimen-2 stands first in withstanding high compressive and also bending loads.the specimen-1 which is made of Jute roving is an organic material and eco-friendly. Also it is found that the bending strength of specimen-1 and specimen-2 is almost equal. Scope for future work This work can be extended with Organic Grass, Coir pith and Bamboo fibers as the reinforcement. The Jute roving and Glass fiber can be combined together to form the reinforcing phase of the composite laminate to get a higher strength which results in Hybrid composites. 65. A STUDY ON BIODEGRADABILITY OF POLYMER COMPOSITES AND ITS EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL COLLEGE : SRI SIDDHARTHA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TUMKUR GUIDES : DR. SANJEEVA MURTHY MR. RAJENDRA PRASAD P. STUDENTS : JAYAPOORNA B. MANJUNATH B. KUNDGOL PRAVEEN KASHYAP N. SAGAR D. Introduction Composites materials are those, which are created artificially by combining two or more materials, which usually have dissimilar characteristics. The constituents of a composite material can be identified macroscopically. This is in contrast to the usual metallic alloys whose constituents i.e., phases can be identified only under a higher microscopic examination and not macroscopically. Composites are materials that are comprised of strong load-carrying materials (known as reinforcement) imbedded in a weaker 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

82 material (known as matrix). Reinforcement provides strength and rigidity, helping to support structural load. The matrix, or binder, maintains the position and orientation of the reinforcement, balance loads between the reinforcements, protect the reinforcement from environment degradation, and provide shape and form to the structure. The matrix phase surrounds the reinforcement. Objectives To create an awareness on the various environmental pollution aspects and issues. To collate, interpret, analyse and disseminate recent international research knowledge and development of polymer composite materials in construction to encourage uptake. Methodology The following tests were performed on the specimen: 1. Continuous soaking test 2. Boiling test 3. Weathering test Results and conclusion The results obtained should reflect the ideal design parameters for the use of plastics in various outdoor applications such as in the building industries, manufacture of fishing rods and in various plastic equipments regularly exposed to u-v radiations, fogs, mists, heavy rainfalls, expansion and contraction stresses due to heat waves and several other environmental hazards. Scope for future work With the same type of specimens other types of environmental stresses and their effects can be studied. Various other degradation effects and chemical weathering should be studied closely. MINING ENGINEERING 66. INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF QUARRY DUST AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL COLLEGE : NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA (NITK), SURATHKAL GUIDES : DR. HARSHA VARDHAN DR. M ARUNA STUDENTS : RITESH KUMAR MISHRA NEELKANTH B PRABHU Introduction Quarrying of granite and limestone has been extensively done in Karnataka mainly for construction of roadways & structures. Waste material produced from quarry/mines, if not disposed in a proper manner, may create environmental nuisance in near by areas. These materials can be economically used for various purposes, sometimes with proper treatment. So, keeping this in view, a case study was done to investigate the possible use of quarry dust and waste from limestone mines in manufacture of construction bricks. Objectives To investigate the use of quarry (granite) dust and limestone dust in manufacture of construction bricks. To evaluate the best possible mixture/aggregate by varying the proportions of dust in cement & sand mixture. To make an attempt to study the economics related to the use of waste in construction engineering. Methodology Dust samples were collected from mines and quarries, and were tested for specific gravity and fineness modulus. Similar tests were also conducted for sand and baby jelly. Specified Chemical analysis was done for all the mix ingredients. Standard mix Mix Code Cement : sand : baby jelly Mix Code Modified mix with granite dust Cement : granite dust : sand : baby jelly Modified mix with granite and limestone dust Mix Code Cement : limestone dust : granite dust : baby jelly S1 1:1.5:3 S1g 1:0.75:0.75:3 S1gl 1:0.75:0.75:3 S2 1:2:4 S2g 1:1:1:4 S2gl 1:1:1:4 S3 1:3:6 S3g 1:1.5:1.5:6 S3gl 1:1.5:1.5:6 S4 1:4:8 S4g 1:2:2:8 S4gl 1:2:2:8 S5 1:5:10 S5g 1:2.5:2.5:10 S5gl 1:2.5:2.5:10 Table: Ratio of composition of various mixes Results and Conclusions From the test results it is revealed that the mix 1:1.5:3 (cement : sand : baby jelly) of standard mix and its corresponding modified mix using granite dust and lime stone dust have the highest compressive strength in its class. The use of quarry dust with cementitious properties can result in major savings of conventional nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

83 raw material. The economic value of the dust can be further increased by sieving the dust for standard sizes as required by the consumer. Waste from quarries/mines can be effectively used to improve the strength of concrete in certain applications. Scope for future Work Similar tests can be done with different mix ratios and by varying curing time. The strength can be compared for a known range of particle size, thus the influence of particle size on strength properties would be evaluated. Tests can be done with other waste materials like fly ash, mill tailings etc. to study the possible use of these materials in construction industry. level is increased. The motor will not turn on after sending the command on if the wet level is high due to rains. Methodology The circuit is connected to the mobile through the data cable. The signals send from the mobile are in RS 232 format, so these are converted in TTL using the MAX232 IC. The TTL signals are given to the microcontroller to the serial input. The signals send from the microcontroller are in serial format. The micro controller takes the serial signal and converts it and send a decimal signal to switch on the device. The signal sent from the microcontroller is amplified and a relay is turned on. The relay turns on the motor. The dryness checking section verifies for the dryness, when the soil becomes wet the motor is automatically switched off. TELE ENGINEERING 67. SMS BASED FIELD AUTOMATION COLLEGE : BASAVAKALYAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BASAVAKALYAN, BIDAR GUIDE : PROF. S. S. SWAMY STUDENTS : RENUKPRASAD MATH PRASHANT KALALABANDI MANJUNATH GOUDA P Introduction SMS operated motor control circuit which enables switching on and off of motor through SMS of mobile telephone. It can be used to switch on the appliances from any distance, overcoming the limited range of infra-red and radio remote control. It can be used to automate the agriculture field with help of a mobile phone. The microcontroller is used at the receiving end to decode the AT command set of the mobile phone into binary data, which can be further used to operated the device in a desired logic. This project helps to run the motor in the field, and also monitor the dryness of the field. The circuit verifies the wet condition of the soil and stops the motor and it works in vis a versa. Features Control the motor from any part. The motor will automatic switch off after the wet Applications Block Diagram of System The circuit can be used in the agricultural activity for automatically switching on and off the motor. House appliances also can be operated, sitting in the office. Used in industries for remote operation of devices. TEXTILE ENGINEERING 68. SILK FIBROIN PROTEIN BASED BIOMATERIALS COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : DR. K. MURUGESH BABU STUDENTS : JNAANAANANDSWAMY HULASOGI VIJAYA KUMAR B. M APPA RAJESHWARI D. AVINA REKHA SIDRAMAPPA Introduction Silk, popularly known in the textile industry for its luster and mechanical properties, is produced by cultured silkworms. Silks represent a unique family of structural 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

84 proteins that are biocompatible, degradable, and mechanically superior, offer a wide range of properties, are amenable to aqueous or organic solvent processing and can be chemically modified to suit a wide range of biomedical applications. They are a unique group of fibrous proteins with unusually high mechanical strength in fiber form. The clinical success of silk sutures and availability of silkworm silk have encouraged a recent expansion of new biomaterials generated from the original suture-based protein harvested and processed from silkworms. Silks from silkworms and orb-weaving spiders have impressive mechanical properties in addition to environmental stability, biocompatibility, controlled proteolytic biodegradability, morphologic flexibility and the ability for amino acid side change modification to immobilize growth factors. This project explores the possibility of using silk fibres including waste silk fibres as useful biomaterials with suitable applications in biomedical field. For this purpose, silk fibres from waste cocoons, reeling industry and spun silk industry will be utilized and suitably modified to convert into useful biomaterials. Objectives: To investigate the possibility and efficiency of Silk degumming using natural materials and Enzymes. To understand the dissolution behaviour of Silk Fibroin in Metallic salts. To analyse the properties and possibility of application of various biomaterials for biomedical industry. Methodology: Degumming of Silk using enzymes (Trypsin or Alacalase or others). Dissolution of degummed Silk fibroin in Metallic Salts. Regeneration of Silk Protein using Dialysis Method. Concentrating the protein by air drying and acidification. Conversion of fibroin protein into Biomaterials such as Films, Powder, Gels Etc, Analysis of regenerated Protein and study of properties of various biomaterials. Results and conclusions: Fibroin is the principal water insoluble protein (i.e. 78% of the weight of raw silk) with a highly oriented and crystalline structure. Fibroin has a low proportion of amino acids residues with large side chains in silk. It is a macromolecular protein of kDa. The reeling waste (grade A) contains a vast amount of silk fibers which has fibroin protein. This waste silk is used to recover the fibroin protein for the production of bio materials. Results suggest that the fibroin is a valuable protein in production of biomaterials. Silk reeling waste can be suitably modified to convert into useful biomaterials such as film, gel, powder and scaffold etc. Scope for future work: Different varieties of silks like Muga, Eri, Tussar and their wastes may be used for making biomaterials. Advanced techniques such as X-Ray diffraction, FTIR, Thermal Studies etc., may be used to examine the behaviours of these biomaterials. 69. STUDY OF DAMPING PROPERTIES OF NONWOVENS IN PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MR. S. N. RAMESH STUDENTS : KAVYA L MAMATHA M. K. POONAM S. R. SYEDA SAKEENA Introduction: Sound damping is an important aspect to keep the hearing capacity for long time and also to prevent the usage of hearing aids in the early stage of life. Objective: To reduce the decibel capacity of people using textile material in protective equipment. Methodology: In this project the Textile materials i.e. nonwovens are used for sound damping in place of foams. Different fibres such as polypropylene, nomex and other fibres are used for making nonwovens as sound damping material. The nonwovens produced is used as one of the layer in the hearing aid system and the studies are conducted against the norms and conclusion is drawn accordingly. Results and Conclusion: After the experimental work, it is concluded that the textile material is found to be more ideal in place of foam. The nonwovens made from textiles is found to be optimum both technically and economically in hearing aid. Scope for Future work: Further studies can be carried out to study the environmental factors and also the knitted material may be used and tested for hearing aid nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

85 BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 70. DIGITAL HEARING AID USING DSP COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. S. B. KULKARNI STUDENTS : ABHINAV B. NAGUR Z. S. KHAN RASHMI NAIK EXHIBITION PROJECTS Objectives: This project is a digital hearing aid which uses frequency shifting technique. It will first ascertain the maximum and minimum frequency that the individual is capable of hearing. Once these values are known, the DSP chip will compress and shift all the frequencies, a typical human can hear into the impaired range of the patient. Methodology: The block diagram gives the idea of circuit connection. The components required are microphone, DSP chip, ADC, operational amplifier. 71. SKIN COLOR MONITOR COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. RAVIRAJ HAVALDAR STUDENTS : AMIT KURHADE YASEEN MAKANDAR POONAM RAIKAR ASHRAF BASARIKATTI Block Diagram of Skin color monitor 72. PULSE OXIMETRY USING PSOC MODULE COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. ALOK PRASAD STUDENTS : SWEETY N GUPTA KAVITA KAGWAD AKHILA BALWALLI Objectives: This project is named as PULSE OXIMETER. This device will measure oxygen saturation in arterial blood (SpO 2 ) and also the measure heart rate of an individual. If monitored continuously, it can help to determine any sleep or respiratory disorders. Methodology: The block diagram gives the idea of circuit connection. Objectives: To develop an instrument that will accurately monitor the skin color. Components required : Depth sensor, Keypad, light guide, fiber optic, spectrometer, data logger, hard disk, graphics display and speaker. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

86 BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING 73. DEVELOPMENT AND FORMULATION OF EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF DAIRY INDUSTRY EFFLUENT COLLEGE : B.V.BHOOMARADDI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, HUBLI GUIDES : DR. V. S. SANGAM MRS. SAVITA S DESAI STUDENTS : ASMAPARVIN NAMAZI LAXMI S JOSHI SMITA A KADAM SWETA GARGATTE Introduction: Industrial wastes are of great concern to the society as they cause environmental pollution by adding toxic compounds and bad odor to the environment. Chemical treatment to overcome such problems are temporary and add to the pollution over space and time. Hence a Biological intervention causing effective microbe (EM) technology appears to be a sustainable, environmentally friendly technology benefiting the society. Lactobacillus: produces lactic acid which acts as strong sterilizing agent and helps to degrade cellulose, pectin and other organic matters. Yeast: produces some of the antibiotics and other useful substances. Photosynthetic bacteria: The photosynthetic or phototropic bacteria are a group of independent, self supporting microbes. The wastewater from the winery contained a number of winemaking chemicals and sediment and residues from cleaning out ferment tanks and barrels. The process for treating this acidic waste water, was through a biological multi-tank system with aeration in the process. Caustic soda was added to raise the ph. Objectives: Survey of odor and collection of sample from Dairy Industry. Isolation of microorganisms from Effluent. Identification of microbes which degrade VFAs from literature survey. Formulation of compatible EM mixture and Treatment tank stability. Selection of organic substrate for EM consortia. Testing of EM mixture for minimizing the odor and. Pot studies to reuse the effluent water for gardening. Materials and Methods Micro-organisms used: Rhodobacter sphaeriodes (MTCC 8172), Bacillus clausii (Enterogermina), Methylobacterium extorquens (MTCC 298), Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCIM 2903), Mucor Hiemalis (NCIM 873), Aspergillus oryzae, Yeast, Streptomyces griesus (NCIM 2020), Pseudomonas, Bifidobacterium longum (Prowel- Alkem), B. bifidum (Prowel- Alkem), B.infantis (Prowel- Alkem).Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Eubioz, Lupin), Saccharomyces boulardii (Eubioz, Lupin), Streptococcus thermophilus (Eubioz, Lupin), Streptococcus faecalis JPC, Clostridium butyricum (Bifilac, TIL Pharma), Bacillus mesentericus JPC, Lactobacillus sporogenes (Bifilac, TIL Pharma). The determination of fat in dairy effluent by Werner Schmid method: A portion of the sample is digested with hydrochloric acid, and after cooling, the fat is extracted using a mixture of diethyl ether and light petroleum or alcohol. The solvent is then removed by evaporation, and the amount of fat remaining is determined by weighing. Protein estimation by Lowry s Method: The phenolic group of tyrosine and trytophan residues ( amino acid) in a protein will produce a blue purple color complex, with maximum absorption in the region of 660 nm wavelength, with Folin- Ciocalteau reagent which consists of sodium tungstate molybdate and phosphate. Thus the intensity of color depends on the amount of these aromatic amino acids present and will thus vary for different proteins Determination of BOD level of waste water : The biochemical O 2 demand (BOD) is the amount of O 2 required by bacteria which stabilizing decomposable organic matter under aerobic conditions. Determination of COD levels: COD test is widely used for measuring the pollutional strength of wastewaters. All organic compounds with few exceptions can be oxidized to CO 2 and water by the action of strong oxidizing agents regardless of biological assimilability of the substances. Thin Layer Chromatography 1. Developing mixtures. Chloroform: Methanol: Water (65:25:4) for separation of phosophlipids and galactolipids from polar lipids. Hexane: Di ethyl ether: acetic acid (80:20:1) for separation of neutral lipids. 2. Spraying Reagents for locations of spots on TLC plates. Sulphuric acidferric chloride spary Ninhydrin sprayanthrone spray Molybdate spray nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

87 Growth media used: Nutrient Broth, Potato Dextrose Agar,MGYP medium,skimmed Milk Agar,Cetrimide agar, Brilliant Green Agar, Endo Agar, Methanol Salts Agar, Methanol Salts Medium, Micronutrient Solution, Glucose Yeast Extract Peptone Agar with 2% glucose, Wort Sucrose Agar, Glycerol enriched medium, Brain heart Infusion Media:, Pseudomonas Agar, Hypoxanthine Agar. Results and Discussion: Dairy Industries produce lot of effluent waste per day. This wastewater has high intense odour which may cause health hazards. EM technology has been proven to be safe, lowcost, effective and easily utilized in environmental protection. Dairy industry effluent was analysed for microbial content and five different microbes have isolated and coded as N, NA, C, K, S based on there colony characteristics. All the organisms were Gram negative, rod shaped, and motile, and N, NA produced green colour pigment. Biochemical analysis for reducing sugar, protein, lipids and BOD, COD were done. Quantitative analysis of Reducing sugars by Anthrone s test gave a result of carbohydrate content of 500 µg/ml Quantitative analysis of proteins by Lowry s method gave protein content of 100 µg/ml. Qualitative analysis of Lipids was done by TLC using different sprays of ninhydrin solution, molybdic acid which gave the presence of cholesterol, phospholipids. Organisms used for treatment include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Chromatium Species, Mucor heimalis, Streptomyces greiceus, Aspergillus Oryzae, Yeast and Pseudomonas isolated from effluent tank. All the organisms were grown in different media and treated directly on 100 ml of effluent and checked for effects on odour, ph and clearance. From the results, except Chromatium sp., others were selected and for better results Jaggary solution was used to ferment all the organisms and then treated on 400 ml of effluent sample. There was odour reduction after 15 days of treatment. For cost optimization sugarcane juice was used as substrate for fermentation. Odour reduction was observed within lesser period with the addition of few more micro organisms like lactic acid producing bacteria, rhodopseudomonas sps and methnotroph in the EM mixture.sugarcane juice was fermented with different combinations of these organisms and treated on 250 ml of effluent sample. Totally 52 combinations of EM mixture were tried, out of which 4 effective EM combinations were identified based on three parameters namely ph range 3-4, odour reduction to 1 in the scale of 1-5 [ 1- least/no odour, 5 foul odour] and clearance. When these 4 EM mixtures were studied in scaled up effluent treatment (1litre), EM1 and EM2 were found to be effective in forming higher clearance in effluent turbidity with reduction in foul odour and ph, there by rendering the effluent fit for safer disposal. EM treated Ragi crop seeds were studied for germination and growth of seedlings. It is observed that the EM treated seeds were first to emerge and establish as compared to the untreated control and also the vegetative growth of the seedling was fast among EM treated ones. This indicates EM mixtures stimulate germination and growth related hormones of the crop. These EM1 and EM2 mixtures are maintained as stock cultures in 2.5litres of sugarcane juice as organic substrate for microbial growth in glass jars. These two EM mixtures are recommended for field application with proper active formulation. Future Prospects: The combinations EM1 and EM2 are effective on Dairy Effluent which are basic in ph,its effect on other industry effluent need to be done. The Combinations are in liquid state, solid organic substrates can be used to maintain organisms stock. The combinations need to be formulated to make it Marketable. EM mixtures stimulate germination and growth related hormones of the crop. Effects of EM mixture on growth and germination of crops and other parameters like stem length, number of leaf need to be studied at field level. 74. BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF COMPOSTING AND FILED EVALUATION STUDIES COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDES : DR. RANGASWAMY MR. GANGARAJU S. A. DR. RAVISHANKAR B. V. STUDENTS : BHAVANA H. M. DARSHAN M. PRAVEEN KUMAR M. Introduction: Vermicomposting has intrinsic benifits. Soil gets good nutrients through an organic means of agriculture. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

88 Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product. Vermicomposting differs from composting in several ways. It is a mesophilic process, utilizing microorganisms and earthworms which are active at C. The process is faster than composting; because the material is passes through the gut of the earthworm and a significant transformation takes place, whereby the resulting earthworm castings (worm manure) are rich in microbial activity and plant growth regulators. In short, earthworms, through a type of biological alchemy, are capable of transforming garbage into usable product. Objectives: Laboratory analysis of the compost to assess the micronutrients. Application of compost on field and performance evaluation of crop. Methodology: Study plots were prepared. Construction of Vermicompost unit. Collection of waste from the Hostel and campus, Releasing earthworms to the vermipits. Sowing tomato seeds in the filed. Applying vermicompost and chemical fertilizer in the study plats. Soil Chemical Analysis is carried out to determine the required parameters. Results and Conclusions: Compare to plot with chemical fertilizers, plot vermicompost has yielded more in terms of product and biomass. Before the application of the vermicompost, organic carbon in the soil measured was 9.38% and after the addition it was increased to 12.3%. Vermicompost contain nutrients in forms that are taken up by the plants readily, such as nitrates, exchangeable phosphorus and soluble potassium. Vermicomposts promote favorable soil properties such as efficient aeration, easy root penetration and improved water holding capacity. Scope for future work: Provision of a sustainable environment in the soil by amending with good quality organic soil additives enhances the water holding capacity and nutrients supplying capacity of soil and also the development of resistance in plants to pests and diseases. By reducing the time of humification process and by evolving the methods to minimize the loss of nutrients during the course of decomposition, the fantasy becomes fact. 75. BIOFILTERS: AN EMERGING TECHNIQUE COLLEGE : NMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NITTE GUIDE : MR. ANIL KUMAR H.S. STUDENTS : KALANDER KRISHNA S. K. MANU SUVARNA NABEEL EBRAHIM SAHEB Introduction: Biofiltration is a simple low cost pollution control technology used for the treatment of industrial effluent using living materials to capture and biologically degrade the process pollutants. A biofilter is a batch depth filter comprising of simple bed of organic matter or living systems arranged in a series of layers. Biofilters are easy to construct and operate. Biofiltration units can be designed to physically fit into any industrial setting. They can also be designed with stacked beds to minimize the space requirements and multiple units can be run in parallel, different media, microbes and operating conditions can be used to design a biofilter system depending on the mode of operation. Objective: To obtain industrial effluent which could be used to understand its properties and the challenges its poses to the environment. Methodology: Screening of biological material having filtering or degradation potential. Selection of sand, coconut fibers, water hyacinth roots and Pseudomonas aeruginosa immobilized in sodium alginate as filter beds to be used in construction of the main filter unit.. Pre-processing of Sand was done by acid-base treatment followed by wash with water. Coconut fibers were pre-processed by cutting the fibers into small fragments and washing with water and drying it. Pre-processing of Water Hyacinth Roots was done by selecting fresh fibrous roots and cleaning with water to remove dirt particles. Initially, filtration analysis was done in 50ml. Analytical test: Turbidity test, total dissolved substance (TDS), microbial count, and dye reduction are then carried out. Results and conclusions: In the purification of the industrial effluent, significant drop in color as well as in odor was seen when biofilter was used to filter the industrial effluent. The solids that are dissolved in water are termed as total dissolved solids. The considerable reduction in the concentration of dye by biofilter shows its potent application in many microbiology labs and various other life science related labs. Colorless, odorless water was obtained when the dye was filtered using biofilter. n the first place this technology can be used up by industries to meet up their effluent challenges nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

89 by tailoring an appropriate unit. Biofilters are very well useful to reduce contaminants from the effluent without causing any pollution. This technology can be used even in rural areas; where the agricultural lands are constantly exposed to industrial effluent. Scope and future work: More attention can also be given on the constitution of the filter unit on a larger scale which would enable better filtering capacity, filtering larger volumes of effluent at a stretch and easy maintenance Recycling and stability and the filter beds hold a key for successful application of any biofilter and these parameters must be standardized accordingly. 76. SCREENING OF ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENCY OF BUTEA SUPERBA - A RARE PLANT GENETIC RESOURCE OF WESTERN GHAT S COLLEGE : THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE GUIDE : DR. B. K. MANJUNATHA STUDENTS : SURESH S. THOUSIF Introduction: Liver disease is still a worldwide health problem. In the view of severe undesirable side effects of synthetic agents, there is growing focus to follow systematic research methodology and to evaluate scientific basis for the traditional herbal medicines that are claimed to possess hepatoprotective activity. Recent research revealed that treatment with multiple antioxidants for people with chronic HCV was well tolerated and has a therapeutic benefit for hepatic inflammation and liver cell death. Therefore, antioxidant therapy can reduce liver inflammation and cell death. The study indicates that antioxidant therapy may have a role in slowing disease progression to cirrhosis. Objective: To identify a cost effective safe plant based drug for hepatitis. Methodology: The bark of Butea superba was collected from the Western Ghats range of shimoga. About 250 gram of powdered material was defatted by subjecting to soxhlation using Petroleum ether as the solvent for about 48 hours. The marc was re-extracted with Ethanol which gave a reddish residue. The crude drugs obtained were filtered and were subjected to distillation process for removing the solvents and later concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure using rotary flash evaporator and dried in the dessiccators. The prilimanary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of flavonoid. The crude extract and flavonoid fraction was subjected to antioxidant studies using DPPH Assay, Scavenging of ABTS Radical and Estimation of Total Phenol Content. The hepatoprotective activity was screened using CCl 4 Induced Hepatic Injury Model. Results and conclusion: The extent of hepatic damage is assessed by the elevated level of biochemical parameters which is attributed to the generation of trichloromethyl free radical during metabolism by hepatic microsomes which in turn cause peroxidation of lipids of cellular membrane. Histological profile of control animals showed normal hepatocytes, the section of the liver of the toxic control group of animals exhibited severe intense centrilobular necrosis (N), vascuolisation and macrovesicular changes. The present study reveals that the crude extract of the plant Butea superb may serve as an effective agent in the treatment and prevention of CCl 4 induced hepatic cytotoxicity. CIVIL ENGINEERING 77. MASTER PLANNING FOR DEVELOPING AN UNDER- DEVELOPED AREA AT INDIRANAGAR, MERCARA, COORG COLLEGE GUIDE : MR. CHANDRASHEKHAR A. STUDENTS : KISHOR KUMAR B. R. NARESH KUMAR P. INTHIAS P. JAGATH SHRIDHAR : K. V. G. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SULLIA Introduction In India, efforts are on for improvement of villages, habitant and residential settlements, by the governments ruled ever since the independence. This project intended to do the extensive study on pilot basis. Later this can be extended to similar such areas. A number of sites in Dakshina Kannada and Coorg districts were visited and finally, one of such area called Indiranagar which is about 2 KM from Madikeri town was selected for our study. During the study it is proposed to carry out the demographic survey to identify the habitation, living standards, education scenario of the population. Then the land survey is conducted to locate houses, ground profiles and sources of water followed by preparation of existing layout plan. Suitable modification depends on requirement is to be suggested. Proper design for houses, roadway and water supply scheme is to be proposed. Finally, it is proposed to prepare the Master Plan with necessary cost estimation for the overall development of that area. Objectives: To conduct the case study on highly underdeveloped area. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

90 To implement the CIVIL Engineering techniques and to utilize the funds released by the Government sufficiently and effectively for the specified region. Methodology: 1) Selection of suitable site. 2) Preliminary Survey including social and economical status. 3) Detailed Survey using TOTALSTATION. 4) Upgrading of existing water supply system. 5) Study of low cost materials. 6) Preparation of Layout plan. 7) Estimation for Layout plan. Results and conclusion: With such implementation of civil engineering ideas, it gives good architectural touch or the modernization sign in the society. More over that the funds which are going to be released by government for the development of poor, unhealthy and unhygienic colonies can be utilized sufficiently and it may reach the doorstep of an ordinary man in most economical and useful manner. COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 78. TOUCH SCREEN BASED SMS IN REAL TIME ENVIRONMENT COLLEGE : DR. AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MS. ASHA STUDENTS : CHETHANA.B. M. DHANAREKHA.S POORNIMA.P Introduction Cellular is one of the fastest growing and most demanding telecommunication applications. There are various types of services offered by GSM among which SMS is fast growing and widely spreading. The keypad based user interface of mobiles makes typing messages inconvenient and also undesirable during emergency situations. Even though mobiles are often built with durability in mind, many are not resistant to contaminants such as water, dirt, oil and grease. Hence, a new system based on Touch Screen is used to send SMS. The proposed system is user friendly, time efficient and in particular affordable than any other high end mobiles. Objective: To design and implement a touch screen based user interface reduces the size of the system at the same time increases the display screen size. Since it is using a list of predefined messages, the user need not type them thereby making the system is efficient. Methodology: Block diagram of the system The system includes four basic components: A 4- wire resistive touch screen (TS), touch screen controller which is a PSoC device CY8C27443, PIC18F458 microcontroller and GSM modem with a SIM card. Remaining components are MAX232, RS232 cable and LCD. The CY8C27443 TS controller is programmed using Embedded C in PsoC IDE. Whenever the touch screen is pressed, the X and Y co-ordinates are sent to the CY8C27443 which processes them and determines the option selected. A 16x2 LCD is connected to the microcontroller, on which the names and the messages selected by the user will get displayed. Finally, to send the message the user should select the Send option on the touch screen. Results and Conclusions The Touch Screen based system that was developed can be used to send SMS to the concerned person in real time environment. It is cost effective and time efficient in its operation during emergency. Scope for future work User Interface is more appealing and could include large number of options. To design a system which can both send and receive the messages. The various components of this system can be compacted to build an embedded system which reduces the overall size, minimizes the cost and makes it portable. 79. CODE-X FOR SECURE TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN A MULTI CLIENT/SERVER TERRA FIRMA COLLEGE : KLS S GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. P. S. DANDANNAVAR STUDENTS : DINESH V. ANGOLKAR MISBA-UL-ZAMA T. SHAIKH VARUN S. PATIL MATEENKHAN M. JAHAGIRDAR nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

91 Introduction Looking at the thriving mobile phone market led to the idea of combining it with various needs of the common man as a whole. One is used to paying for stuff at the actual outlets, then the internet and now m-commerce has taken us to a new level of ease. It s so much easier to use that little device to talk, text and at the same time pay for all the facilities you use without the need to actually go to that particular place. Hence a system that includes all of these and makes life a charm with technology being an indispensable coin of trade is introduced. Objective: The consideration of security that plays a major role in the networking terra firma. Methodology: Block Diagram of the Model. Results and conclusion: This concept is widely used in developed countries like the US, UK, Australia since both application and services are outsourced to professional IT companies to maintain transaction and data securities. This concept is employed to avoid hacking on wireless technology precisely mobile technology as mobile phones are widely used for personal applications. Scope for future work: Further enhancement provides a feasible registration process via the internet similar to an registration. For a larger application this could further be enhanced by employing a stronger DBMS like Oracle, MySql, etc. 80. VIDEO MINING: PATTERN RECOVERY VS PATTERN RECOGNITION COLLEGE : KLS S GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : PROF. D. M. CHOUDHARI STUDENTS : NISHANT BEJROI PARIMAL PARAG UPADHYAY MD. GULZAR SABA SYED MD. TAUSEEF AHMAD Introduction: Movies constitute a large portion of the entertainment industry. Currently several websites host videos and provide users with the facility to browse and watch online. Therefore, automatic genre classification of movies is an important task and with the trends in technology, likely to become far more relevant in near future. Due to commercial nature of movie productions, movies are always preceded by previews and promotional videos. From an information point of view, previews contain adequate context for genre classification. As mentioned movie directors often follow general rules pertaining to the film genre. Since previws are made from actual movies, these rules are reflected in them as well. More and more home videos are being generated with the ever growing popularity of digital camers and comcorders. For many home videos, a photo rendering, whether capturing a moment or a scene within the video, provides a complementary representation to the video. Video mining can be defined as unsupervised discovery of patterns in audio visual content. It is based on detection of known patterns in audio-visual content such as speaker-changes or high motion followed by audience reaction etc. Video mining is needed when the events we are looking for in a segment of video content are not known. This is often the case in the furvelance video in which most of the videos consist of long stretches of repetitive or uninteresting parts occasionally interrupted by unusual or interesting parts, which are too diverse to be anticipated in advance. Video mining is useful for all kinds of genres that spam the gamut from highly produced, such as news video, to spontaneous but constrained such as sports video and further to completely spontaneous, such as surveillance video. Methodology: The whole project is devided into three modules namely : 1. Authentication module 2. Histogram module 3. Audio analysis module. Conclusions: Domain knowledge and film grammer for video segmentation Distinguish between the shots of action and non action by analyzing the different frames and their pixel values Studied the cinematic principles used by the movie directors and mapped low level features. Provided an automatic method of video content annotation. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

92 81. Q-ROUTING IN DYNAMIC NETWORKS USING MOBILE AGENTS COLLEGE : KLS S GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : MR. S. A. KULKARNI STUDENTS : AKASH NARVEKAR HARISH P. G. SIDDESH SAVANT DARSHAN PAWAR Introduction In today s fast growing Internet, traffic conditions changes and failures occur at some parts of the network from time-to time, in unpredictable manner. Therefore, there is a need for an algorithm to manage traffic flows and deliver packets from sources to the destination in a reasonable time. The process of transmitting packets from its source nodes to its destination node d in a network is called routing. Q-Routing was able to route packets more efficiently at higher network loads than the static Shortest Path algorithm. It is also found that Q- Routing is more stable than a straightforward implementation of the distributed Bellman-Ford algorithm, using queue length as metric. A Q-Routing algorithm allows a network to continuously adapt to congestion node failure, or link failure by choosing routes that require the least delivery time or shortest distance. When a route becomes congested or fails, Q-routing learns to avoid that route and uses an alternate optimal path. Objectives: Algorithm which have a control over congestion. Algorithm which provides better packet deliver ratio. Methodology: Figure 1 : Block diagram of the system The Routing Manager and Dispatcher are present at each node. The Routing manager is responsible for routing table calculations. The Dispatcher takes care of dispatching of aglets for supporting the routing operation and packet generation. Packet Generator generates the packet at some fixed rate. Result and Conclusion From the graphs it is seen that the delivery time required to reach the destination for 5 packets, 20 packets and 300 packets are studied. Q-routing also takes care of the failed node or congestion after every packet transfer hence the number of drop packets are less in case of Q-routing. Which leads to have better Packet delivery ratio in case of Q-routing compare to Bellman Ford algorithm. Scope for future work: Extending Q-Routing in mobile Ad-hoc networks. The quantity of exploration in Q-Routing by making use of the backward direction of exploration. 82. DATAGUARD - THE ULTIMATE PROTECTOR COLLEGE : JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA GUIDE : MR. JALESH KUMAR STUDENTS : RANGANATH S. N. SANDEEP S. VIJETH D. K. VINOD KUMAR K. S. Introduction In these days, the universal electronic connectivity, of viruses and hackers, of electronic eavesdropping and electronic fraud, there is indeed no time at which security does not matter. First, the explosive growth in computer systems and their interconnections via networks has increased the dependence of both organizations and individuals on the information stored and communicated using these systems. This, in turn, has led to a heightened awareness of the need to protect data and resources from disclosure, to guarantee the authenticity of data and messages, and to protect systems from network-based attacks. Second, the disciplines of cryptography and network security have matured, leading to the development of practical, readily available applications to enforce network security. Objectives: To design and develop a secure key stream generator To design and implement an algorithm for encryption and decryption for images To develop authentication technique based on the concept of genetic algorithm nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

93 Methodology: The encryption of the given file takes place in many steps such as key generation, message authentication, first crossover, mutation and second crossover which are implemented as different modules. The working of Dataguard is diagrammatically represented. The original file which may contain confidential information has to be sent from sender to the recipient. In Dataguard, initial keys must be provided by the sender for the key generation process. The keys generated are used in authentication, crossing-over and mutation processes. The crossing-over and mutation processes, used with keys, are used to scramble the input file. After the second cross-over process, the file will be completely encrypted. The encrypted file is transmitted across the network to the recipient. In the recipient s side, the initial keys have to be provided which must be same as that provided by the sender for the successful decryption. The same processes are performed at the receiver side in the reverse order to get the decrypted file which will be same as that of the original file. Sender Recipient Results and conclusion: The user interface of Dataguard is allows user to select the type (Text/Image) of the file and accepts the filename. The use of genetic algorithm for the encryption is an efficient technique in the field of cryptography. The key generation technique used in Dataguard tries to achieve one-time padding since a large number of keys are generated. Hence it is difficult for the cryptanalyst to get back the original message. Scope for Future work: Dataguard can be made to work also for audio and video files with further enhancement. The complexity of the algorithm can be increased by increasing the number of iterations of crossover and mutations. Using dynamic approach for crossover and mutation, the limitation of file size can be removed. 83. CONTENT AUTHENTICATION OF DIGITAL IMAGES USING FRAGILE AND SEMI-FRAGILE WATERMARKING COLLEGE : JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA GUIDE : MR. CHETAN K. R. STUDENTS : AKHILA M. ANUPAMA M. S. NIKITHA V. SHRUTHI S. V. Introduction The digital image is easy to edit, modify and exploit and at the same time, image editing programs are becoming more powerful so that even an amateur can maliciously modify digital images and create perfect forgeries without leaving any trace on the original image. So there is a need of authenticity. Authentication is said to be Exact if the system detects the slightest changes. Some applications do not need exact authentication and only require some selective places in the work to be authenticated, which is known as Selective authentication. Previous systems were using spatial domain and some used messages digest for fragile watermarking. Wavelet coefficient technique and signature based techniques were used in semi-fragile watermarking. Objectives: To authenticate and protect the integrity of digital images. To identify the incidental and intentional attacks on digital images. Methodology: There are two types of Content Authentication System. Exact Authentication is achieved through fragile watermarking. In this scheme, the security requirement is to reject any message that has been altered to the slightest degree. A signature is 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

94 extracted from each block of the image and is inserted in that block. Extraction of this signature and appropriate parameters for computation are analyzed in this project. The system comprises of Embedder and Authenticator modules. Selective Authentication - is achieved through Semifragile watermarking. The proposed technique is based on eigen values and eigen vectors of real symmetric matrix generated by the pair of four pixels. A signature bit for detecting malicious tampering of an image is generated using domainant eigen vector. The dominant eigen value can reduce the sensitivity of quantization based watermarking. Because of the orthogonality property of real symmetric matrix, its possible to combine both superiority of watermarkbased and signature-based semi-fragile watermarking technology for image authentication in this method to improve the robustness against malicious tampering and also resist high quality JPEG compression processing. Results and conclusions: The extraction function (Authenticator) recovers the fragile watermark information from the received watermarked data. The fragile watermarking algorithm shows a very high data payload to fidelity trade-off when compared to existing watermarking algorithms. It is a logical consequence since at most two bits are flipped when embedding number of bits equal to log (blocksize). It provides very high level of security. In order to improve the detection of malicious tampering of images, it is necessary to decrease the fragility of hidden watermarks, even for digital images which have been distorted incidentally. Semi-fragile watermarking designed is fragile to intentional attacks and robust to incidental attacks. The future work should focus on recovery and a design of invertible watermarking. Semi-fragile system based on EVRSM should be enhanced to be robust against geometrical attacks and distortions. 84. WEBCAM BASED HUMAN TO MACHINE INTERACTION (WEBCAM- MOUSE) COLLEGE : JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SHIMOGA GUIDE : MS. SREEDEVI.S STUDENTS : SUDHA R. SOWMYA B. J. KAVYASHRI A. S. SUSHEELAMMA K. H. Introduction: The area of computer vision provides an interesting field called human to machine interaction. The user to computer system interaction can be provided using keyboard and mouse as using in nowadays everywhere. Webcam-mouse is a webcam based 94 system that emulates the common functionalities of the computer mouse using webcam and a torch battery like mouse move and mouse click operation. It is wireless,button less and capable to disappear when not in use and hence reduces the desk space. Webcam-mouse uses mathematical framework of novel image processing techniques like canny edge detection and Hough transformation of circle detection. Objective: To provide a different means of interacting with the personal computer for the user. Methodology: Webcam-mouse is a webcam based system that performs the basic functionalities of the computer mouse device. The block diagram below represents the various stages involved in the project where image captured from the web camera is subjected for image processing techniques like Thresholding, Edge detection, Circle detection and finally mapping object s location in the space to the cursor location on the screen. Frame capture Grey and threshold Canny edge detector Hough Transform Centroid estimation mapping Webcam mouse Block diagram representing stages involved Results and Conclusion: During the project work, a torch with two colours of LEDs is prepared to provide additional functionalities of the computer mouse. Using the concept of image processing and implementing in java, the webcammouse is slower compared to our normal mouse. Thus it requires, high end personal computer to work best as normal mouse. Scope for Future work: Webcam-Mouse can be developed for other operations of computer mouse device such as left click, right click,drag operations also using different colour of LED s in the torch. Using the concept of image processing, webcam can even be used for developing the virtual keyboard. That is a keyboard diagram drawn on a sheet of 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

95 paper kept in front of the web camera, such that tracking the human finger on any of key, correlates the pressing of that key. Webcam-Mouse can even be developed for tracking human finger, eyes or nose which would be helpful for people with disabilities. temporal partitioning can also support a competitive temporal performance. 85. MECHANISMS FOR TEMPORAL PARTITIONING OF SYSTEM OF AN INTEGRATED ARCHITECTURE AND ASSESMENT OF PERFORMANCE COLLEGE : JSS ACADEMY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. SHARANA BASAVANA GOWDA STUDENTS : DAULAT SINGH BHADAURIA PRADEEP KUMAR N. SUNAYANA S. Introduction: Integrated architectures in the automotive and avionic domain promise improved resource utilization and enable a better coordination of application subsystems compared to federated systems. In order to support a seamless system integration without unintended side effects in such an integrated architecture, it is important to ensure that the software components do not interfere through the use of these shared resources. For this reason, the DECOS integrated architecture encapsulates application subsystems and their constituting software components. Due to encapsulation, the temporal properties of messages sent by a software component are independent from the behavior of other software components, in particular from those within other application subsystems Objective nodule: Development of Inner-Node Partitioning module Encapsulation module Mediation of Data Flow module Virtual networks module Message Timing module Methodology: The invariance of the temporal properties of a communication system comprising multiple VNs is subject to comprehensive tests. It provides experimental evidence for the guaranteed temporal properties of the message exchanges. Two experimental campaigns systematically explore different scenarios for the behavior of software components at the communication system. It also assess the effects of faulty software components. By comparing the observed performance with the bandwidth and latency requirements of present-day and upcoming automotive applications, it demonstrate that a communication system with rigid System Architecture Results and conclusion: This project has shown that a time-triggered physical network is an effective foundation for establishing multiple VNs, each tailored to a respective application subsystem via its control paradigm (event message versus state messages) and its temporal properties (for example, bandwidth). The experimental assessment has yielded evidence that the realized VNs exhibit predefined temporal properties for the messages transmitted by a job, independent of the transmission behavior of other jobs and other application subsystems. In particular, rigid temporal partitioning is achievable while at the same time meeting the performance requirements imposed by present-day automotive applications and those envisioned for the future (for example, X-bywire). These results are particularly important in the context of the increasing complexity of embedded systems. System architects become forced to follow divide-and-conquer strategies that permit a reduction of the mental effort for developing and understanding a large system by partitioning the system into smaller subsystems that can be developed and analyzed in isolation. Scope for future work: To design and implement the required inter partition communication schemes that will provide a reliable channel between partitions and allow for both one-toone and broadcast type of communication. 86. GSM BASED WIRELESS DISTRIBUTING ENERGY BILLING SYSTEM COLLEGE : KLS S VISHWANATHRAO DESHPANDE RURAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, HALIYAL, U. K. : MS. POORNIMA RAIKAR GUIDE STUDENTS : NIKHIL VIRUPAKSHI VAIBHAV PADAKI 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

96 Introduction: The Power Sector in the country sustains a loss of over 25-30% because of pilferage of electricity, which is a major cause of concern to all of us. The weakest cog in the wheel is the human element involved in the reading of the meters and also the easy accessibility of the meters to the customers, a large number of whom tamper with it. A solution to this ever burgeoning problem would be to eliminate the human element involved on the part of meter reading. This can be done with a set of technologies called AMR (Automated Meter Reading) or RMR (Remote Meter Reading). AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) is a technology gives utilities the ability to obtain meter-reading values remotely without having to physically visit and manually read the customer's electric meter. AMR allows us to collect an actual meter reading without entering your property to read your meter, giving customers better control of their use of electric energy, gas usage, or water consumption. The reading on your meter is transmitted through various transmission rmats and protocols like GPRS, RF, RS 485, PLC (Power Line Carrier). Objectives: To monitor the energy meter reading by digitally, wherein the energy meter is connected to our microcontroller via interfacing circuit. Methodology: Meter reading to accounting units through GSM modem. Reading, billing at corresponding accounting units. Reading and billing data transferred to Remote station (PC) as well. Monitoring at Central Control Room. Billing Application at Remote station (PC). Results and conclusion: The system is developed using an object oriented approach class testing is done at unit level and functional testing at system level. The use of GSM in this particular system provides numerous advantages over methods that have been previously used data transmission is charged at standard sms rates, thus the charges are not based on the duration of data transmission. The cost efficient transmission of reading ensures that power consumption values can be transmitted more frequently to remote station ATM USING FINGER PRINTS COLLEGE : KNS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. S. C. LINGAREDDY STUDENTS : PAVITHRA R. JYOTHI H. M. SHREE NANDINI ANAND T. S. Introduction The main aim of this project is to make the ATM machine accessible by everyone with enhanced security. ATM is an acronym for Automated Teller Machine, a machine at a bank branch or other location which enables a customer to perform basic banking activities even when the bank is closed. ATM provides self-service banking machine that connects to a host computer through a network. The major requirement is to develop a tool that helps the user to access the ATM more securely. The solution to the problem is to use biometric technology as security. Biometrics consists of automated methods of recognizing a person based on unique physical characteristic. Among many biometric technologies such as person's fingerprint, iris, voice pattern or even facial pattern, person s finger print is most effective due to low cost and high accuracy. So in this ATM system fingerprint technique is used instead of CARD and PIN. Objectives: To provide most effective and low cost ATM machine. To provide high accuracy. To enable uneducated people to access ATM without any difficulty of remembering passwords. Methodology: Technology Used: Touch screen and finger print reader technology used. Components Used: Power Supply 5v DC-7805, Micro controller-at89s52-atmel, PC, Serial Communication-MAX 232, Finger Print reader, Touch screen, Note dispenser. Softwares Used: Embedded C, Visual Basics. Results and conclusion: This application provides the accessing of ATM in all time at any ATM centre more securely with accuracy and consistency. The application is basically built using Visual Basic 6 with MS-Access. The developed application works on a Windows environment with the application installed on a Windows machine. A team of organized criminals is installing equipment on legitimate bank ATMs in at least 2 regions to steal both the ATM card number and the PIN. The team sits nearby in a car receiving the information transmitted wirelessly over weekends and evenings from equipment they install on the front of the ATM 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

97 The equipment used to capture your ATM card number and PIN is cleverly disguised to look like normal ATM equipment. A "skimmer" is mounted to the front of the normal ATM card slot that reads the ATM card number and transmits it to the criminals sitting in a nearby car. At the same time, a wireless camera is disguised to look like a leaflet holder and is mounted in a position to view ATM PIN entries. The thieves copy the cards and use the PIN numbers to withdraw thousands from many accounts in a very short time directly from the bank ATM. The solution to the problem is to use biometric technology as security. Scope for future work: This project can be upgraded from finger print sensors to face recognition sensor. The user will also have a privilege of uploading his money at the ATM centre. 88. SYNCHRONISED TELE MEDICINE USING WAP COLLEGE : NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : PROF. GURURAJ M. STUDENTS : CHITRALAKSHMI ASHRITHA B. P. Introduction Telemedicine employs information technology, through the judicious use of computers, related softwares (WML), and telecommunications systems comprising of compatible telephone lines,contrained devices (mobiles), fibre-optic cables, WAP etc., to provide premium quality health care. Distance is no barrier to better diagnosis and management of a patient with this technology. In other terms, it is remote telemetric health care. Telemedicine is still largely experimental though this situation is expected to change very soon with the technology moving out of the desktops of the researchers / developers on to the desktops of the doctors and his patients and other potential users. Objective To demonstrate the feasibility of the different formulations and services that may be offered by telemedicine to the mobile clients. Further the aim is to automate the contacts between doctors and patients and between doctors and medical marketing personnel. Methodology The proposed telemedicine system aims at providing medical telemonitoring facilities for patients that suffer from chronic illness etc. It will operate using the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) for transmission and reception of data needed between the virtual hospital and the patient's house. Patients with chronic illnesses that require constant tracking by doctors will be able to submit measurement results (such as blood pressure, body weight, etc.) using electronic forms. Facilities will also be provided for the preliminary diagnosis of patients. Patients will be able to submit queries to doctors using their mobile phone. This will be able to arrange visits with doctors. The medical personnel will be able to look after their patients without the need of arranging visits to the hospital. This software also provides an information resource to the medical marketing personnel, to get information about the medicines and about the hospitals and doctors details, through their mobile. This Telemedicine application is developed with WML (Wireless Markup Language) and WAP (Wireless Application protocol). Since the usage of the constrained devices like mobiles are increasing, this project aims to cater to the mobile users of this application. The following block diagram depicts the architecture design and the interaction between a mobile client and web server via a WAP gateway. Conclusion Telemedicine is a high-tech solution to the universal problem of access to health care. Telemedicine network, refers to a set of functional relationships among telemedicine facilities, which in turn refers to locations where telemedicine services are provided and / or received. 89. WIRELESS AUDIENCE POLLING SYSTEM COLLEGE : SRI TARALABALU JAGADGURU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, RANEBENNUR GUIDE : MR. GURURAJ K. S. STUDENTS : ANUSHA ANIL KUMAR LATA KUSAGUR SAMRA FATHIMA Introduction and Methodology Audience Pollig Systems (APS) are technologies that show promise in helping large groups be more 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

98 effective. The phenomenon of large-group process interactivity in interpersonal computer-mediated communication in the specific case of large classrooms. This system includes a plurality of wireless transmitters each transmitter capable of transmitting a pulse of electromagnetic energy on a selected one of a group of predetermined frequencies. Each frequency selected on which to transmit corresponds to one of a group of suggested responses to a given stimulus. The polling system includes a receiver for receiving the transmitted pulses and electronic counters for tallying the number of pulses received on each of the selected frequencies. An electronic display presents the results of the tallying for observation by the audience or others. It is a combination of hardware and software designed to add interactivity to meetings, classrooms or other group interactions. The hardware and software package comprises the audience polling system (APS). In the typical audience response system setup, a facilitator or a nearby APS technician advances through a presentation that has been projected onto a large screen. Participants, which could range in large number to interact with the presentation via wireless handheld keypads. The facilitator poses a response the aggregate data is graphically displayed. Audience polling allows for either anonymous or trackable interaction. In polling environments- such as delegate voting or executive decision making respondents can remain anonymous. Scope of the Project Improves attentiveness. Increases retention of information. Offers anonymous polling. Provides tracking features to gather individual responses. Tallies and displays data immediately Speeds up decision making. Emphasizes participant ownership of group decisions. Creates an interactive and fun learning environment Gathers data for reporting and analysis. Confirms participant understanding of key points immediately. Conclusion Audience response software enables the presenter to collect participant data, display graphical polling results, and export the data to be used in reporting and analysis. Usually the presenter can create and deliver her entire presentation with the ARS software, either as a stand-alone presentation platform or as a plug in to Power Point or Keynote. 98 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING 90. GSM BASED AUTOMATIC ELECTRICITY BILLING AND CUT-OFF SYSTEM COLLEGE : ACHARYA POLYTECHNIC, SOLDEVANAHALLI, BANGALORE GUIDE : MS. SUNITA.V.M STUDENTS : GURUMURTH B. A. MOUMITA MANDAL PUNEETH PATIL S. VINAY B. Introduction: In this project microcontroller in the consumer premises will calculate the number of units that have been consumed by the consumer, and it will send the consumption of units to the ground station. Here it is another microcontroller, which has to calculate the amount according to the consumer tariff, and has to send back one more message to the consumer GSM number about the bill payment including last date of payment, which will be displayed on the LCD. CONSUMER Objective: To monitor the usage of the electrical energy, to send the amount for the electrical energy used by the consumer and to disconnect the power line of the consumer automatically who has not paid electricity bill within given time. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

99 Results and conclusion: Electrical energy drawn by the load will be calculated and sent to the Electricity distribution station. It will receive the number of units consumed by the consumer, bill amount is calculated according to the consumer tariff and sent to the consumer s meter and to the consumer s personal mobile number along with the last date of the bill to be paid. After he pays the bill then the lines will be connected automatically. No one is required to take the reading. The billing system is accurate. This system can also be used for the measurement of three phase energy consumption. 91. AUTOMISED JACQUARD POWER LOOM COLLEGE : KLE SOCIETY S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BELGAUM GUIDE : PROF. V. A. HAGARGI STUDENTS : ASHWINI R. CHARANTIMATH DEEPA S. SHETTY GEETA ARI SHRUTI S. TELI Introduction This project is about the semi-automisation of the fabric design mechanism is one type of these machines. It forms a pure mechatronic system with the involvement of the computer techniques to control the mechanical system to electronic interfaces. It is a mechatronic solution to a need in textile industry. Objectives: To eliminate the punched cards. As an alternative idea of achieving the lifting of threads with the help of electro-magnetic actuators is proposed. Methodology: Block Diagram Common system to obtain binary file from design Dedicated system to control the threads using the binary file. As shown in the block diagram the system is divided into two parts. The first figure signifies the first part of the system. This part consists of a general purpose computer and an EPROM programmer, this unit accepts the image file containing fabric design. A simple code written in c converts or maps this design file onto a binary file. Then this binary file is down loaded into an EPROM memory. Results and conclusion: The computerization eliminates the cost involved in changing the designs every time. it saves minimum thousand rupees, every time the design has to be changed. Frequency of changing the design can be increased which in turn helps the manufacturers to come up with more variety in lesser duration. Since there are no cards, the handling problems of cards are eliminated. Scope for future work: The punched card system can be eliminated. Unit record machines and Data storage can be done. 92. WIRELESS TILT JOYSTICK COLLEGE : R.N.S INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE GUIDE : MR. AKSHAY D. R. STUDENTS : SOUMYA R. MITA ASHOK Introduction: A robot is a virtual or mechanical artificial agent. Robots tend to do some or all of the following: move around, operate a mechanical limb, sense and manipulate their environment, and exhibit intelligent behaviour, especially behaviour which mimics humans or other animals. They are widely used for various scientific purposes and they also form an integral part of many industries. The project attempts to control the movements of a robot using concepts of embedded systems. objective: To design a joystick which can control robots movements using wireless technology just by tilting it. Methodology: 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

100 Initially the joystick is tilted to control the movement of the robot. SPI interface is enabled and is made master. The X, Y, Z axes are enabled in the accelerometer and their values are available to the external world through SPI interface. These values are compared with predetermined threshold values and based on that commands for forward, reverse, right, left and stop are sent to the modulator. In the modulator the frequency is changed to carrier frequency by HT12E encoder and transmitted using RF 433MHz transmitter and PCB antenna. On the robot microcontroller, Port A, Port C are initialised as output ports and Port D as input port. The decoder checks its address thrice for valid transmission and then data is sent to Port D of the ATmega32. If valid transmission takes place then, LED on the robot goes high. This data from Port D is sent to Port C through registers which is given to the motor drivers and hence the robot moves accordingly. Results and conclusions: An attempt has been made in this project to study and comprehend aspects of embedded systems. The joystick is able to control the movements of a robot without having any physical connection with it using wireless technology. The robot is given directions regarding its movements just by tilting the joystick. This is to a large extent simplifies control of the robot. Scope for future work: Utilizing the z axis too. Develop a display unit on the joystick which shows the movements. Increase range using helical antennas. Addition of gyroscope for angular measurements. and implement a sensor network which can be deployed to monitor vital properties like temperature, relative humidity and then report them through a routing tree to a base station for further analysis. As with all other sensor networks, the pressing issue would be to minimize communication between the nodes. Module has an embedded processor, a flash memory, a radio and one or more sensors. Traditional efforts at monitoring environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature and humidity have seen remote sensing and personnel using hand-held instrumentation as the main methods of data collecting. Objectives: To set up a reactive sensor network to monitor spatial variation in environmental parameters like temperature and relative humidity over time. Methodology: 93. WIRELESS WEATHER STATION MONITORING SYSTEM USING GSM COLLEGE : SHIRDI SAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BANGALORE GUIDES : MS. PRADEEP. B. JYOTI MS. NIBEDITA P. STUDENTS : BHAVYA S. SHWETHA P. SHRUTHI H. M. SUSHMA J. Introduction: Environmental monitoring has the potential to reveal fine grained, dynamic changes in monitored variables of an outdoor landscape. A network of sensor nodes spread across a field has the capacity to provide temporal and spatial data regarding the properties of the environment. The aim of this project is to design 100 The Block-Diagram consists of GSM Module, PIC microcontroller temperature sensor, Humidity Sensor, keypad, LCD Display module. Via the SMS provided by the GSM network, the location temperature, humidity and the status of the GSM Module are sent to the control center. The GSM module sends the information stored in flash memory to the PC via an RS-232 interface. PIC16F877 is one of the most commonly used microcontrollers especially in automotive, industrial, appliances and consumer applications. Results and conclusion: The PIC based weather monitoring station is a design having few circuits and also employing GSM Technology. This can be used in monitoring environmental parameters such as Humidity, Temperature and soil moisture. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

101 ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING 94. MICROCONTROLLER BASED SURVEILLANCE ROBOT FOR A MILITARY APPLICATION COLLEGE : ADICHUNCHANAGIRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHIKMAGALUR GUIDE : MR. GOWTHAM M. A. STUDENTS : ANIL KUMAR S. ANIRUDH K. B. CHENGAPPA M. M. NANDITA CHANDA Introduction: The project presented is an advanced Robotic system which can be controlled through RF signals and the robot s geographical position can be continuously monitored by GPS. The proposed prototype has a wide application such as, military ground surveillance in naxal threatened area, no man s land between international borders, hijacked buildings. It can also be used to study animals, Stand alone security systems, Safety monitoring in industries, Continuous monitoring of epidemic patients who are kept isolated. Objective and Methodology To design a robot using microcontroller for an application. The module can be used to be composed of many components like the microcontroller Atmel89c52, the LCD controller, motor controller L293D, encoder and decoder; a voltage supply and temperature sensor LM35, wireless camera, GPS receiver. The block diagram of the robot is given below. no man s land between international borders, hijacked buildings Scope for future work: Long range RF transmitter-receiver pair. High resolution night vision camera SONAR can be used to detect the target range. Light, gas and fire sensors can also be employed. 95. GSM BASED AUTO DIALING SYSTEM COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MR. D. S. BABU STUDENTS : PRIYADARSHINI T. R. SAVITA B. PARBAT TANZIA KHAN SOOR Introduction Auto dialing system is designed to acknowledge a particular person about the accidents taking place at home by giving call to that person. Here we have used GSM service to acknowledge a particular person. The user activates the system just by switching ON the power supply. Once the auto dialer unit is activated and when the fire, Gas leakage, theft, unauthorized opening of door takes place it is detected by the sensor and this control signal is given to the control unit. The microcontroller unit is activating the GSM mobile. The auto-dialer unit gives the warning information to the particular person mobile. Methodology: Results and conclusions: The prototype can be employed in military ground surveillance in the places like- naxal threatened area, Once the auto dialer is activated IR transmitter transmits IR rays continuously and IR receiver senses the IR rays and converts it into electrical signal until and unless there is no interruption. On receiving the signal, microcontroller executes the program and drives the mobile to dial. A switch is used to illustrate the opening of door. To drive any output device to provide the required output voltage for their working. When the control signal comes from 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

102 a particular circuit corresponding button is pressed and call goes to particular number assigned to it. Results and conclusions: In this project three problems concerned with safety and security are considered-fire occurrence, theft and unauthorized opening of doors. For each of these cases when mishap occurs information goes to the person/office whose numbers are stored in the mobile phone kept in the house via GSM to the individual care taking persons. Scope for future work: The GSM modems make use of several applications of mobile phones, like SMS also the status of the devices can be known and also controlled from any place. 96. AUTO TAPPING SYSTEM USING RF SPECTRUM ANALYZER COLLEGE 102 : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MS. NIRMALA S. O. STUDENTS : MANJUNATH REDDY B. V. SHIVARAJA CHARI G. R. KIRAN KUMAR A. P. PRAVEEN KUMAR K. Introduction: Auto Tapping System using RF Spectrum Analyzer is a perfect tool for easing the job of such security agencies. Basically this project is an automatic system, which is designed to monitor the chosen area for an unauthorized RF Spectrum utilization. So typically, the project will be set to scan mode round the clock, and when it intercepts an unauthorized RF activity in that area, it stops scanning and alerts the operator to keep track of the communication it has detected. Further the project also starts recording the communication with the aid of a tape recorder so that one can decode that communication and retrieve a meaningful information about the anti-social organizations. Objective: A step towards easing out the job for the RF monitoring authority involved in such RF scanning & monitoring projects. Methodology: The circuit consists of 2 antennae for picking up RF signals. Each antenna is connected to a RF receiver. Here the signals picked up by the antenna are amplified and detected. Outputs of the RF receiver are fed to respective Band Pass Filters for filtering out the unwanted signals. Filtered output from each band pass filter is multiplexed into a single stream signal using an encoder. Analog output of the encoder is converted to digital data using an A/D converter. Digitized data is passed on to the I/O interfacing card of the PC via a Signal Data Converter. Buffer is used for isolation of the PC from the rest of the circuit. Strength of the RF signals present in the surroundings is displayed on the monitor of the PC. In addition to displaying the signal strength on the PC screen this system will also drive the rotors of the antennae so as to adjust their position to maximum signal strength. Output of the buffer is applied to the driver stage which is responsible for driving additional device drivers. Additional device drivers will drive the rotors of the antennae. RF RECEIVER : 1) RF RECEIVER UNIT 2) DIGITAIZER UNIT The VHF receiver used for demonstrating the functioning of the project. As seen there in the above block diagram, the output of the VHF / RF receiver unit is connected to the digitizer system thorough an opto-coupler circuit. This is a safe end noise free method of coupling of VHF receiver to the digitizer. Job of the opto-coupler is to convert the output from the RF / VHF receiver to light, and then transfer them to the digitizer unit. The significance of this optocoupler is that, all electrical & other RF noise possible present in the RF / vhf receiver are filtered out. There by generating only variable dc output. As the strength of the vhf / RF Receiver depends upon various factors like strength of the RF source, amplitude of the data present in that and also other factors like type of the antenna used etc., and can approximate the signal to suitable scale, so that that received signal can be represented on a display device like PC / CRO. In real time application, the project is configured to take the inputs from a wide band commercial receiver, but as the commercial wide band receivers cost in terms of lakhs. Instrumentation amplifer block : The output of opto-coupler will be very feeble to drive any further sections. So some kind of amplification is needed before utilizing that sensed signals. This amplification 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

103 is done using reliable amplifier circuit called Instrumentation Amplifier. This Amplifier, as name implies, is specially used in Instrumentation field to amplifies the weak sensed field signals from various sensors spread all over the area. A.D.C : The conversion of Analogue signals received from Instrumentation Amplifier Block is done using this A.D.C block. The Analogue-To-Digital Converter block converts any inputted signals, which are in analogue form, into digital form. This is necessary as computer understands digital form data and processes them very quickly. The output of A.D.C is given to I/O Interface block, through Buffer stage, to pass the signals from A.D.C to Computer. Micro-Controller Unit: The project employs 89C51 microcontroller for the data conversion purpose. This chip is from ATMEL Corporation, and follows 8051 architecture of Intel Corporation. The advantage of this IC is that, it has onboard user accessible 4 K EEPROM, so that one can burn the program on this chip directly. This eliminates the usage of an external EEPROM memory chip. Here the job of the Microcontroller is to provide connectivity between the ADC and PC. This is essential to convert the parallel data generated by the ADC 0809 to PC / Serial Compatible data. With the aid of this microcontroller, this objective is achieved. Advantages: Fully automatic system to detect, intercept & alert the operator about the potential illegal radio frequency communication. Cost effective as it is based on conventional PC, there by eliminating the special hardware. Gives the graphical representation of the user interface, thus making simpler to use. Flexible and can easily customize the project. Conclusion: The main aim of this project is to prevent anti- social activities through walky-talkies, Basically this project is an automatic system, which is designed to monitor the chosen area for an unauthorized RF Spectrum utilization. The further developments on the project may make it further compact. Scope for future work: By using universal receivers we can cover all frequency range. A speaking voice alarm could be used instead of the normal buzzer. By using various advanced decryption algorithms, easily decrypt the message sent by unauthorized person. 97. LOCATION BASED WILD ANIMAL INTRUSION ALARM SYSTEM COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MS. G. H. LEELA STUDENTS : BASAVARAJA M. MOHAMED MUJAHID K. RAGHAVENDRA PRASAD N. O. RANJITH BIDRI Introduction Habitat loss and fragmentation is threatening the survival of species across the world. Combine this with unsustainable illegal poaching, and much of India's wildlife, including elephants, is under threat. The replacement of forest habitat with agriculture has led to the emergence of conflict between elephants and humans. As their habitat becomes fragmented and degraded, elephants come into more frequent contact with both domestic and commercial plantations and farms. Annually elephants have been reported to damage millions of rupees worth of agricultural crops and hundreds of people are killed. This can then also lead to the killing of hundreds of elephants in retaliation to this conflict. Adding to this, domestic crop can also be more palatable to elephants than their wild forage, leading them to raid crops, even when they have other alternatives.damaging crops, and sometimes injuring people, many elephants have been killed in retaliation. Objective: To design an effective Elephant Intrusion Alarm System that can help both the farmers and the elephants as well. The proposed project will have the following features. Low power consumption. An alarm system to ward off intruding elephants An alarm system to warn villagers about intrusions Sensors to detect intrusion A PC based alarm system to warn local forest officers about intrusions and location of the intrusion. Methodology: This is a brief description of our project entitled Location Based Wild Animal Intrusion Alarm System. This contains the following three units: Field set up Farmer s home setup Forest office setup. Field Setup : The Field is equipped with the microcontroller along with the IR sensors to detect the wild life intrusions along with RF ASK transmitter 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

104 to send the detected data to the farmer s home and as well to the nearest forest office. Figure 1. Intrusion alarm system in fields Farmer s Home Setup: The microcontroller in the farmer s home will be continuously monitoring its ports data to which RF receiver is connected. Upon receiving the valid data it turns on the buzzer system to alarm the farmer about the intrusion of wild animal in his field. transmitted the alarm signal to forest office as well as to the corresponding farmer s home through RF transmitter. In farmer s home upon receiving its alarm signal, microcontroller successfully turned ON the buzzer. In forest office after receiving alarm signal from field, the PC is highlighted to show the intruded region and meanwhile it turns ON buzzer to alert forest officers. Conclusion: Currently the people who have suffered from the wild life intrusions have gone for electric fencing which has resulted in the threat for intruded wild life. Our project clearly overcomes this disadvantage and with certain modifications can be implemented in wild life intrusion affected regions. Scope for future work: More accurate sensors like PIR sensors and LASER can be used. For long distance communication, GSM module has to be implemented in which alarm signal can be sent to farmer s mobile in the form of SMS. 98. SIXTH SENSE OF POWER VIGILANCE Figure 2. Alarm system in farmer s home Forest Office Setup: The microcontroller in the forest office will be continuously monitoring its ports data to which RF receiver is connected. Upon receiving any data it does the following two tasks. 1. Turns on the buzzer 2. It sends the received data to the PC which shows the point of intrusion Figure 3. Location based Alarm system in forest office Results When there was an intrusion in the field by wild animal (Elephant), the field set up successfully detected the intrusion, turned ON the siren and 104 COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE. GUIDE : MR. KIRAN KUMAR G. H. STUDENTS : SANGEETA SWATHI J. VIDYA MAHANTESH SHETTAR SAVITHA D. Introduction Proper Utilization of electrical power is where the terminals of the energy meters are connected to the respective terminals of the supply wires and the loads. The pilferage of power is done by the consumers where the terminals of load are left open; the loads are directly tapped to the supply terminal. This type of pilferage will benefit the consumers since they will escape from paying the electricity bill. About 15-20% energy losses during transmission and distribution. Even some of the consumers are contributing for this energy crisis by power theft, which is affecting the economy of our country. Objectives: To detect the energy meters where the pilferage of power. to detect the power theft All Electricity Boards using -One 3-phase Energy Meter, which is placed at the Distribution Transformer, and another Energy Meter is placed at the Load side. Methodology: Design of the electronic circuits and verification. Identification of suitable components. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

105 Circuit assembly and interconnections. Circuit testing. Programming and debugging. Construction of the casing for the model. Final verification. Block Diagram Results and conclusion: An attempt is made to show a prototype model of Power Theft detecting circuit, which can be implemented practically and may reduce the percentage of pilferage of power. Thus by using PIC, one can easily recognize the theft occurring in any Energy Meter even for a short duration without manual inspection. This system provides most economic and wireless theft detection method. Scope for future work: This prototype of wireless power theft alert circuit can be implemented in real applications by using the SIM cards for each energy meter which is programmed to detect the pilferage and transmit the signals to nearest tower. The tower will amplify and transmit the same signal to control room. In place of voice recorders voice processors can be used while practically applying. 99. GPS BASED NAVIGATOR WITH VOICE ANNOUNCEMENT. COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MS. SUPRIYA SULLAD STUDENTS : PARVEEN K SHRUTI C K SHWETHA B. R. SHASHIKALA G. L. Introduction Of all the applications of GPS, vehicle tracking and navigational systems have brought this technology to the day-to-day life of the common man. Today GPS can be fitted in cars; ambulances, fleets and police vehicles, which can be known by many names such as Automatic Vehicle Locating System (AVLS), Vehicle Tracking and Information System (VTIS), these systems will offer an effective tool for improving the operational efficiency and utilization of vehicles. A GPS receiver determines just four variables: longitude, latitude, height and time in NMEA format. Objectives: To display the specified place name along with the voice message informing the name of the place for the passenger traveling by the vehicle or by train, which in itself shows the dual functioning of name display along with the voice announcement. Methodology: Design of the electronic circuits and verification. Identification of suitable components. Circuit assembly and interconnections. Circuit testing. Programming and debugging. Construction of the casing for the model. Final verification. Block diagram: Results and conclusion: GPS being the technology used to determine the position at any point in the globe has taken over amongst the advanced technologies of the recent times. The implementation of this technology in the field of vehicle navigation, place tracking, surveying and commerce industries. All these fields serve the civilians in a wide range. Mobile phones are nowadays secured because of GPS tracking devices. Scope for future work: APR Voice Chip can be replaced by the media player to store more number of sound tracks. LCD Display can be replaced by the Digital maps, which facilitates in displaying a larger number of names of geographical areas. Advanced Microcontroller can be replaced. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

106 100. VIDEO SURVEILLANCE FOR SMOKERS & FIRE DETECTION USING CELL PHONE WITH EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGY COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MR. VIJAY H. M. STUDENTS : PRISOOMIT P. NAYAK ROSHAN SHAH Introduction With the SMOKING ban in public places, it s time that can keep track of the defaulters so that we can impose fine and this will assist in curbing smoking in public places. This system also detects fire with the increase of room temperature beyond a threshold point so as to provide quick reaction capabilities. In this project, the smoke & fire detector was enhanced by connecting it with a personal computer for monitoring and controlling purposes and using the GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) to receive an SMS(Short Messaging Service) from the place of the detector to the concerned person and can view the location using GPRS enabled Cell Phone. Objectives: To Send the SMS to the concerned in charge after the smoke or fire are detected. View live pictures through a GPRS enabled mobile. To display the time with the image when it was captured in the GPRS enabled Mobiles. Methodology: As soon as smoke or fire is detected through the smoke sensor and temperature sensor, the signal is amplified through the respective amplifiers-ca 3140 & LM 324 and sent to PIC 16F873 microcontroller. 106 The ADC in PIC µc converts the analog signal to digital data and the output is indicated through the continuous or intermittent beep sound produced by the buzzers. Finally, the data is sent to the PC using the serial port interface circuit consisting of MAX 232 IC and RS-232 cable which can be monitored by the PC continuously. Then, SMS will be send to the corresponding person. Results and conclusions: The project is an attempt to fulfill a much desired and now a legitimate social objective of effecting smoking ban in public places and also alerting in case of a fire to take quick actions to save precious lives and valuable property. Scope for further work: Radio Frequency (RF) can be used to connect the sensors to the PC Nicotine Sensor can be used in place of Smoke Sensor. Improvements in Data Transfer Rates at the Server End using High-end PCs with Intel Quad Processors with at least 3GB RAM and high speed Broadband Net. Improvements in Data Transfer Rates at the Client End can be achieved using Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), 3rd Generation Mobile Technology (3G) or 4th Generation Mobile Technology (4G) MULTIFLOOR SMARTCARD BASED AUTOMATED CAR PARKING SYSTEM COLLEGE : BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MS. SAVITHRI G. R. STUDENTS : SHASHIBHUSHAN T. R. SOMANATH V. SUNIL SHEELAVANT Introduction: Finding parking spaces in urban areas is becoming more and more difficult as the number of vehicles significantly increases every year. The scarcity of parking space also limits the opportunity to expand existing residential and office buildings, hotels, private and public parking facilities. The project aim is to build a system for parking as many cars in the same amount of space or uses much less space for the same amount of cars. Hence parking solutions will facilitate the reduction of operating costs. Objective: To develop a system that, with which the parking place can be efficiently used. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

107 Methodology: Functional block diagram: Initially the system will check the parking area, if there are any free slots, then according to the prority it will display the free space number on the LCD, so that the next user, who wants to park the vehicle, has to insert the smart card and he has to park his vehicle at the displayed space number, then the system will check again and displays the free space number to be parked next or else it indicates if the there is no space by displaying the space is full on the LCD display, so that the user can go to other parking area. In this smart card based auto parking system we have used two stepper motors. These motors are controlled by the micro controller through the stepper motor driver circuit. Hence two stepper motor are driven by two stepper motor drivers. First motor is used to lift the trolley up and down through successive floors. Second motor is used to park the car to the particular place where the free place is available in a perticular floor. The microcontroller will read the card, and it assigns the prestored code to the present free space area. In this manner it will keep the data base. Results and conclusion: This can be implement in small areas with high reliability. This model works by using low power compare all other models. Parking time can be saved by fast parking and exiting. More security, in terms of Smart Card. Less initial investment AUTOMATIC BED FOR IMMOVABLE PATIENTS COLLEGE : V. P. DR. P.G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR GUIDE : MR. AMBANNA JAMADAR STUDENTS : SAJJAN KUMAR WASHIM AHMED MRITUNJAY KUMAR SAIKAT DAS Introduction µc Based Patient Care Monitoring System has been specifically developed for purpose of Patients Heart beats Monitoring also to monitor body temperature of the patient and sending all details to the concerned person at times when heart beat is abnormal / body temperature rises or falls as a SMS to specified user number stored in micro-controllers memory. It is very much useful keeping into considerations of comfort & privacy of their own home. Sometimes patient is kept in home to provide better service and also to take care of the patient, but if the patients health suddenly fails then his / her breathing / heart beats changes rapidly. So, to give proper medicine at that time, this gadget directly sends all details to doctor s number for reference purpose. One more facility of the project is that as per users requirement this project changes the bed elevation with the help of DC motor based mechanism and also switches ON / OFF AC loads like fan tube etc. based on soft keys provided in project. Objective: To help the patients who can t move because of injury in spinal chords, paralytic patient and other certain severe conditions. Block Diagram Scope for future work: New technologies could be used for better security. Parking system can also be implemented for light motor vehicles and heavy motor vehicles. Speed of parking can be increased by using high end motors. Methodology: Different sensors like heartbeat monitoring, temperature monitoring are used to keep continuous watch on heartbeats. It sends ON pulse when it is activated and at times when it gets heartbeats or breathing. sensors output will be in analog form so this unit is require to convert sensors output into digital form and then it is given to micro-controller. he 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

108 output of sensor is given to the preamplifier for adding extra strength to the signals because the output of sensor cannot drive any circuit directly. µc Unit controls the working according to the program.trans-receiver sends data to & from the µ- controller unit. ontrol unit is used to change the bed elevation through motorized mechanism and also to control different loads like fan, tube etc. as per patients requirement..s.u. (power supply unit) provides appropriate voltages to all the sections. Results and conclusion: This gadget is useful for private hospital to take care of patients. It also useful to the house-hold persons who suffer continuous illness for long days. By little modifications this gadget is useful for any hospital even to check glucose flow, blood flow etc INFUSION PUMP COLLEGE : V. P. DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY BIJAPUR GUIDE : MR. P. S. PATIL STUDENTS : UM-E-HABIBA KAVITA.KALYAN SWETHA.M.PATIL SAVITA NANDAIGOL Introduction: The infusion pump is developed to study the precise solution injection such as Insulin pump for diabetes, saline dropper, or chemical solution mixer. In case of Thalassaemia or Diabetes, the digital calendar and alarm can be added to the circuit, to remind the users when it is time to receive the infusion. Furthermore, to help the user reduce the cost due to single-use battery consumption, built-in battery charger circuit is possible. The proposed system is based on ATMEL 89S52 µcontroller. Mentor Graphics software is used for designing the circuit diagram for this project. Mentor Graphics software is used for designing the PCB for this project. Objective: To provide Thalassemia patients continuous infusion of iron chelator with high accuracy. Methodology: The device consists of 4 main parts: CPU, motor & drive, alarm & display, and input switches. Each part connects directly to microcontroller and operates together with few external components. Start the motor till the opto switch encounters the opaque slot and raise the buzzer. Motor is driven once there is a pulse sent from port 2.0 of microcontroller to the driver. When the black slot on the strip returns to the optical slot, port pin goes high and motor stops. Every one stroke of the motor injects 0.2ml. After 5th stroke if it does not encounter an opaque surface reaches the voltage of the opto switch is not found to be '0' i.e ground. The circuit stops automatically. 108 Then piezo beeps, LCD shows Err.Infusion rate can be adjusted by changing the high-interval of these pulses. Users can select any required rate using 4 buttons:increment,decrement,enter and send data. Results and Conclusion: The idea can be applied to any use that needs a precise Solution injection such as Insulin pump for diabetes, saline dropper, or chemical Solution mixer. In case of Thalassaemia or Diabetes, the digital calendar and alarm can be added to the circuit, to remind the users when it is time to receive the infusion. Furthermore, to help the user reduce the cost due to single-use battery consumption, built-in battery charger circuit is possible. Scope for future work: Insulin pump for diabetes Saline dropper Chemical solution mixer Use in cardiac prosthetic devices regardless of the length of time involved Use as critical component in medical devices that support or Sistine human life POWER SAVING USING MICROCONTROLLER AND RF COLLEGE : BLDEA S VACHANA PITAMAHA DR. P. G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BIJAPUR GUIDE : MR. M. M. BANNUR STUDENTS : SHWETA.YANDIGERI RAJESHWARI.LINGARADDI SAVITA MASALI Introduction The project provides a system for saving power of a home or shopping mall where the crowd movement is high and provides the security for a particular room. The hall of the home/mall is provided with entry and exit ways. Both the entry and exit ways has there sensors (IR) to detect the entering or leaving crowd of the hall/mall at particular time there by calculating the total number of people with in the hall. Objectives: To provide automatic control of devices (lights, fans, or AC s) throughout home or in a shopping mall. To detect occupancy of specific locations within the rooms, and house status sensors to detect the status of certain parameters of the home. Methodology: The central embedded controller controls the controlled objects in response to the entry/exit sensors. This control is accomplished by assigning each room to one of a plurality of room occupancy 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

109 states, which dictate how the controlled objects are controlled by the central controller. The controlled objects also have controlled object states, which are used by the central controller to control the controlled objects. Results and conclusion: This type of power saver will make the air conditioner run in the optimal working status through the control of microcomputer intelligent power saver under the precondition of not affecting temperature and comfortable sensation, simultaneously avoid the man-made improper operation which may cause the lose of electric energy. inserting a plastic ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a plastic smartcard with a chip, that contains a unique card number and some security information, such as an expiration date etc. Security is provided by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN).In this project we have replaced the ATM card with the finger print scanner. The server end contains a SQL back end holding the data base of the costumer and the front end is designed using the visual studio the code for the server end software is written in VB.NET. All the hardware coding is written in assembly level language. Objective: The main objective of the project is to have a highly secure ATM machine. To use a finger print as the authentication tool. Minimize the risk of the ATM user by avoiding the Smart card. To avoid the misuse of smart cards. Methodology: This project is mainly designed using the 89s52 microcontroller. A CRT monitor is used for the user interface with a AVR Atmega 8 display controller. A key pad is used for user interface. Serial communication is done between the server and the ATM by using RS BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATED ATM (AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE) COLLEGE : COORG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PONNEMPET, SOUTH KODAGU GUIDE : MR. SATISHA STUDENTS : AVINASH R. KEERTHI V. URS RAGHAVENDRA K. M. B. SHRYNIK JAIN Introduction This paper studies the ATM based on fingerprint encryption/authentication scheme for banking systems. In this scheme, the system authenticates each user by authenticating biometrics (fingerprint). The proposed scheme is fast and secure. A Bio metric Authenticated Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is a computerized device that provides the customers of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public space without the need for a human clerk or bank teller. On most modern ATMs, the customer is identified by ATM: All the communication between the ATM and the server is done by the main microcontroller. The main microcontroller connects to the server using the RX and TX pins. The main microcontroller also controllers all the on board devices of the ATM machine directly or indirectly. The direct device that is controlled by the microcontroller is the key pad (4x4). The indirect devices controlled by the ATM are the display, fingerprint scanner, money tending machine, dot matrix printer. The indirectly controlled devices are controlled through serial and parallel communication through microcontrollers. The display is controlled through 2 ports and finger print scanner 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

110 is controlled through 1 port. The money tending machine and the receipt printer is controlled serially. The display controller is also a 89s52 microcontroller it receives commands from the master controller and send the data s to be displayed on the CRT serially to the AVR Atmega 8 display controller. The display controller holds all the data s that has to be displayed on the CRT. The finger print scanner SM630 is used to scan the used finger for authentication the finger print receiver the command from the master regarding its nature of operation. The commands given to the FPS are hex command the FPS controller stores all the hex commands necessary to activate the FPS. The FPS communicates serially so the hex commands are sent serially to the FPS by the FPS controller. The out put of the FPS is directly sent to the server for verification. The receipt printer and the money tending machine are controller by there respective controllers. The dot matrix printer works when we feed it with serial data by the microcontroller. The money tending machine is determined by the number of notes to be tended. The command to tend money is given by the receipt printing microcontroller. Server: The server communicates to the ATM by the means of serial communication it provides all the commands to the ATM machine for each process. All the user data is stored and verified on the server. Conclusion: Through this independent study, we have come to develop a greater appreciation for real-world engineering. By going through the initial stages of the product development cycle-from initial design concept to a working prototype-we have come to realize that engineering is more about cost/benefit analysis. This project has also allowed us to use what we have learned in the classroom and to apply it to a practical application. Security to the data/information is the need of the hour. In Biometric authenticated ATM, we are providing an advanced, reliable and a very secure technology to provide security to the ATM. For this we are using fingerprint of the user as the pass code to access any information required for him/her. A user will be allowed to access the required information and perform the required operation only after his fingerprint is authenticated by the server. Fingerprint of a person being very unique identity, it prevents any unauthorized access to users data. With this, the purpose of providing security to the system by restricting any unauthorized access to the system is achieved to a great extent. Thus the technology we are using here provides a high degree of security to the system thus fulfilling the whole intention of the project with great reliability MYSTIC EYE AN INSIGHT INTO DEPTH COLLEGE : GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RAMANAGARAM : MR. ANIL KUMAR M.N. GUIDE STUDENTS : PRADEEP R. RANGANATH D. G. SANJAY R. MEHTA Introduction: Complex bio-chemical reactions take place within a living being s cell consisting of cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleons etc. From quantum theory of Physics energy radiations are emitted from an atom when an electron gets excited from lower energy level to higher energy level and then jumps back to lower energy level due to un-stability.this excitation of electron happens during chemical reaction. Same thing happens within a living being s cell emitting radiations. Hence each cell is considered as miniature radiator. The amount of energy liberated from the radiations is dependent on parameters like temperature, pressure, Ph value, humidity etc within a cell. These parameters in-turn depend on mental status and emotions of living beings. The bio-electric field is exploited to make out the changes in the complex functioning in living beings nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

111 body. This is used as basis to build the Mystic eye device. Objectives: To build a device to detect: Mental and emotional status of a living being. Malfunctioning of any organ in the body long before the physical symptoms appear. Ripening, deficiency and reaction of crops to fertilizers. Toxic level of water in rivers and lakes. The Finger prints of badly damaged finger, not possible using present technology. Metal properties. Methodology: The device consists of the following components: Wavelength or frequency detector. Microcontroller. Transformer. LCD display Transducer (ADC). Transparent glass discharge plate (Tin oxide glass + silver epoxy + single sided copper clad board). Tungsten and day light film. High voltage wires. Basic block diagram of the Mystic eye device: capacitance effect to intensify the radiations emitted from object under the discharge plate. 2. Wave length detection: Wave length detector is used to detect the wave length of the radiation emitted from the object (living or non-living being). 3. Analog to digital conversion: A transducer that is analog to digital converter is used to convert analog wave length into digital output with specific magnitude corresponding to each wavelength (color) distinctly, which is fed to micro-controller as an input. 4. Analysis in micro-controller: The digital output from the transducer, that is magnitude corresponding to a specific wave length is used to find wave length (color) using look up table technique. Based on color detected the details of the object are addressed using another look up table. 5. Displaying details: Details addressed in the micro-controller are displayed on the LCD module. 6. Verification with physical interruption: Color films are exposed in total darkness, which gives striking color transparencies. This physical interpretation is verified with the Mystic eye analysis. Results: The concept of this project can be practically accomplished but due to some following technical reasons it has not developed completely. 1. Inconsistency of devices. 2. Non-Compatibility of high voltage with device of specified rating. 3. Variance in a sheet resistance on tin oxide coated glass. Radiation emission can be predicated by vibration of metal under high voltage. Basic discharge plate set up: Steps involved: 1. Applying high voltage to transparent discharge plate: High voltage is applied to the discharge plate to create a very high electric field by Conclusion: The mystic device built can be used to explore the hidden forces in the living beings. This device cannot be solely considered as a tool in analyzing the object under consideration. It can be considered as one of the devices for analysis along with the other tools available. The device should not be used for pregnant women and heart patients having pace makers as it involves high voltage. The output of the device can be taken valid if it tallies with the output of other related techniques. This model can be considered as an attempt to build a device which can detect a especially human emotions which can be considered as a much accurate device. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :

112 107. CORPORATION WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM COLLEGE : G. M. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DAVANGERE GUIDE : MS. SAVITA S. PATIL STUDENTS : PAVAN G. PUNEETH B. R. CHANDRASHEKARASWAMY HIREMATH S. BADARI JOSHI Introduction Water is one of the most important natural resource in our environment and use it effectively and efficiently in our day to day life. The water management system now a day is a very important parameter to prevent wastage of water. The system developed is a microcontroller based solenoid operated valve system which can effectively control the water supply system. The microcontroller is programmed to operate the solenoids at particular time intervals at particular areas. As per the requirement the main pump operates and microcontroller turns ON the particular area solenoid. The water now flows through solenoid and supplies the water to particular area. After the required timed operation, the next area solenoid IS triggered by microcontroller and the whole system operates at same concept through microcontroller. The modifications to timed operation and day requirement operations can be modified through PC and through a serial communication link. Methodology and Conclusion: In manual operation the mechanical valves are operated at different time intervals at different areas. But this existing system has got some draw backs like improper speed regulation, improper timings etc. Because of these drawbacks the wastage of water increases which decreases the efficiency of water supply department. To improve the present system, the group developed a electronic controlled operation, which uses microcontroller-89s52 as a controlling device and solenoids as mechanical valves. For main pump all the sub pipe lines of different areas are connected through solenoid valves. Microcontroller will send the controlling signal at particular time operate solenoid valves. The microcontroller is programmed and modified through computer using manual and totally mechanical system for the supply of water in the city. Leakages in the pipe lines can be detected using metallic mesh structures over the pipe lines. As the leakages take place in any of the pipe line, this makes a closed loop control for the mesh and it provides a signal to control room. The water in the main tank can be monitored with level indication circuit. 112 CONTROL ROOM STATUS INDICATION SOLENOID VAL VE FOR AREA A STATUS INDICATION FAULT INDICATION ALARM MICROCONTROLLER MAIN PUMP SOLENOID VAL VE FOR AREA B STATUS INDICATION PC PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUE SOLENOID VAL VE FOR AREA C STATUS INDICATION Fig 1. Block diagram of Corporation water supply management system Block Diagram Description The system shown here is a microcontroller based solenoid operated valves system which can effectively control the water supply system. The microcontroller is programmed to operate the solenoids at particular time interval at particular areas. As per the requirement the main pump operates and a microcontroller even turns on the particular area solenoid also. The water now flows through solenoid and supplies the water to particular area. The solenoid will be triggered by microcontroller and the whole system operates at same concept through microcontroller. The modifications to timed operation and day requirement operations can be modified through PC. The new programme has been entered to microcontroller. As per the new programme system operates at that schedule. For safety point of view status indications are provided in each area to indicate the working condition of particular solenoid. The particular solenoid working has been displayed, the workings of solenoids with programmed output are scanned and the same solenoid should be operated, failure to this gives an alarm indication. This system provides lots of accuracy and efficiency and avoids wastage of water also. 32 nd Series : SPP : KSCST :