Optimization Design of the Multi-stage Inventory Management for Supply Chain

Transcription

1 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25, pp hp://x.o.org/.4257/uness Opmzaon Desgn of he ul-sage Invenory anagemen for Supply Chan Hongxng Deng*, ng Yuan an Chunl Yan ransporaon College, orheas Foresry nversy, Harbn 54, P. R. Chna Absrac Amng a he problem of mul echelon nvenory managemen logscs nework base on he concep, he auomoble spare pars warehousng logscs as he breakhrough pon, he supply chan nvenory oal prof as he obecve funcon, he auomoble spare pars supply chan nvenory moel s opmze, he mul echelon nvenory managemen sraegy, he sraegy makes he enerprse nvenory cos s reuce, he proucon effcency s ncrease. Keywors: supply chan, nvenory managemen, herarchcal esgn opmzaon, managemen sraegy. Inroucon he curren globalzaon of economy an nernaonalzaon of marke make he compeons among proucon enerprses urn o he supply chan []. Supply chan refers o he logscs nework sysem from he purchase of raw maerals o sales of he fnal prouc, conacng wh supplers, manufacurers, srbuors, realers an oher relae nusres, conanng he processes of processng, assembly, srbuon of proucs, ec. In he whole lnk, process, processng, sales, each enerprse chan nees suffcen nvenory o manan he enerprse's proucon an operang acves whn supply, an he nvenory s operaon an managemen wll ncrease he proucon cos of enerprses [2, 3]. herefore, o eermne he opmal orerng sraegy an reuce he supply chan nvenory an acheve he purpose of maxmzng profs s an mporan par of enerprse managemen ecsons, helpful o he enerprse's marke compeveness. A presen, supply chan managemen has become he key research conen a home an abroa [4-7]. Especally he progress an evelopmen of Chna's auomoble nusry prove he maeral guaranee for he research of supply chan. In 24, oal marke eman wll be more han 2 mllon cars n our counry. Face wh such a huge auomoble marke, wll necessarly brng a huge auo spare pars marke. Accorng o sascs, auo marke value afer sale n Chna n 2 s abou 4 bllon RB, an wll reach 7 bllon RB expece n 25. Obvously he auomoble spare pars nvenory n he supply chan plays a very mporan role. Auomoble afer-sale spare pars supply chan, from supplers, manufacurers, srbuors o realers, each lnk has nvenory, hus a chan of nvenory s forme, nvenory chan of each noe n he nvenory no only affecs he cos of a noe enerprses, bu also resrcs beween upsream an ownsream enerprses, an even he comprehensve cos, he overall performance an compeve avanage of he enre supply chan. In each crculaon, seng auo spare pars nvenory can sasfy he uncerany of cusomer emans [8]. he lnk n he supply chan nvenory managemen nvolves mulple proucs an he rae ISS: IJESS Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

2 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 of orer [9], n aon, also nvolves he relaonshp beween he upsream an ownsream enerprses, namely he mulsage sock managemen []. If he conrol of he spare pars nvenory s no reasonable, whch wll resul n a grea ncrease n he auomoble spare pars supply chan nvenory an make he whole supply chan oal nvenory cos ncrease by 2% ~ 4%. hs paper s for supply chan nvenory problem hen sysemacally o analyze an esgn, expecng o ge he bes nvenory opmzaon, reuce he nvenory cos, mprove marke compeveness. 2. Auo Spare Pars Logscs oe an he Analyss of Invenory anagemen he auomoble supply chan sysem s manly compose of raw maerals, spare pars supply chan, he whole car manufacurers, srbuors, servce saon, he hr pary logscs enerprse an auomoble users []. Spare pars logscs as he boy of he afer-sales servce marke, wh he eclne of prof n new car sales an graually become an mporan source of corporae profs [2]. Wh he connuous evelopmen an mprovemen of auo spare pars marke, he consuon of auomoble spare pars supply chan presens he ren of nework an complcaon [3]. For now, auomoble spare pars supply chan can be ve no hree componens, auo spare pars manufacurng enerprse, auomoble spare pars srbuon enerprse, spare pars servce saon. Our counry's auomoble spare pars logscs moe manly nclues he followng: Frs, he vehcle manufacurng enerprses prove he proucs o cusomers hrough he repar saon an 4S shops [4]. Secon, he vehcle manufacurng enerprses prove pars of he prouc o he cusomer, he oher pars o small reparng an spare pars ealers hrough he auomoble rae company. hr, manufacurng enerprses prove he proucs o regonal srbuors, he laer srbues hem o he ownsream srbuors an cusomers. Fourh, spare pars manufacurng enerprses have her self-managemen moel, some pars manufacurers are also recly nvolve n auo spare pars marke, an se up her own logscs sysem o run. Conserng he reasons, auo spare pars logscs mulsage sock nvenory of our counry can be classfe accorng o he specfc way of logscs n Chna. 2. Problems Exsng n he Spare Pars Invenory Accorng o he survey: A Harbn auomoble spare pars wholesaler ownng more han 6 fferen kns of spare pars nvenory s name as A company, who purchases recly from componens manufacurng company n Hangzhou, an hen srbue o varous spare pars ealers. As a resul of so many ypes of auo spare pars, such as he uncerany of cusomer eman, cusomer eman for servce qualy, brngng much ffculy n auomove spare pars nvenory managemen. he exsng problems by nvesgang are as follows: he capal an safey sock of spare pars ake an mporan role, A company usually make a purchase from he suppler n 5 ays, an auomoble spare pars procuremen wll be serve n 8 ays, bu he safey sock can be sore for a monh, whch akes up a lo of nvenory cos an a large number of eprecaon cos vrually. he occupancy rae for he warehouse s hgh, A company warehouse occupancy rae s as hgh as 8%, whle mananng hgh sock levels can reuce he loss cause by ou of sock, also brngs a b of ffculy n he nvenory check an coun, whch s no conucve o he managemen. 352 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

3 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Obvously he classfcaon managemen of A company s no reasonable an scenfc for s auomoble spare pars. For example: A spare pars company, n he spare pars purchasng an sorage s eermne by he marke experence wh s all kns of spare pars purchasng n bulk, alhough s base on he praccal experence as a very goo reference value, bu no a sysem of classfe managemen mehos o help mprove he managemen benef of he enerprse an reuce he nvenory cos. Wha s more, A company supply chan has he lack of co-ornaon n spare pars nvenory. For example: A company smply pays aenon o he benef beween company an s cusomers, herefore nformaon wh each oher s no ransparen n many aspecs, whch causes grea nfluence n proecon an ugmen for A company, who can only rely on s experence o prec cusomer eman, hus ncreasng s nvenory. 2.2 Auo Spare Pars Company ABC Invenory Classfcaon anagemen ABC classfcaon, also calle prmary an seconary facors analyss, s accorng o he aspec n he man characerscs of he economc or echnology o classfy queue, sngush he key an general, an make a fference n he managemen way of a analyss meho [5]. akng an mplemenaon of ABC axonomy accorng o A company's nvenory managemen problem, on he bases of reasonable classfcaon, workng ou a corresponng nvenory conrol sraegy accorng o fferen auomoble spare pars. here was a classfcaon research rawn from A company s ozens of spare pars n s warehouse an go some spare pars sales whn a monh base on a fel survey of A company, he specfc aa are shown n able. able. Pars of he Spare Pars Sales of A Company O. AE un n prceyuan Quany me gnon col PCS monh 2 S- ol barrel monh 3 Ar fler elemen- B2 PCS monh 4 mng bel PCS monh 5 Gasolne fler elemen PCS 72 5 monh 6 Rve PCS monh 7 Former brake block PCS monh 8 re PCS monh 9 Sarer PCS 9 32 monh generaor PCS 8 33 monh ooh-shape bel PCS monh 2 Asern mrror PCS 4 5 monh 3 Gear ol barrel 29 6 monh 4 Hgh brakng lamp PCS 5 5 monh 5 al lgh PCS 4 monh 6 anfreeze barrel monh 7 Brake peal PCS monh 8 Brake sc PCS 4 24 monh 9 Fuel ub PCS 8 48 monh 2 Back ol seal of Crankshaf PCS monh 2 Rear shock Absorb PCS 5 5 monh 22 Fore-balance ball hea PCS 65 8 monh 23 seerng lnkage PCS 6 32 monh 24 Combnaon PCS 35 3 monh Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 353

4 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 swch 25 hermosa PCS 3 2 monh 26 Waer emperaure plug PCS 35 9 monh 27 Fron hub PCS 3 monh 28 fuse PCS 2 48 monh 29 u skn PCS 5 5 monh 3 Back brakng pa- B2 PCS 7 35 monh 3 Fron brakng pa- B2 PCS 55 4 monh 32 Spark plug-b2 PCS 25 8 monh 33 yre nu-b2 PCS 8 22 monh 34 Lcense plae PCS 3 58 monh 35 Horn PCS 4 3 monh 36 Inpu axs ol seal PCS 22 5 monh 37 Fron fog-lgh swch PCS monh 38 Fron brake hose PCS 6 5 monh 39 Dynamc seerng bel PCS 25 2 monh 4 Fuel cap PCS 5 5 monh o ake he ABC classfcaon exracon n 4 kns spare pars from A company's spare pars ls, hese spare pars sell for RB n a monh, o classfy each spare pars monh sales as a sanar, spare pars sales accoune for 75% of he oal amoun s ve no class A, 2% of he oal s ve no class B, 5% of he oal s ve no class C. Afer ABC classfcaon vson, here are 6 kns of class A spare pars, 2 kns of class B spare pars, 22 kns of class C spare pars n he 4 kns of spare pars. he spare pars classfcaon suaons are shown n able 2. no. able 2. ABC Classfcaon n he Spare Pars of A Company name n prce quany sales Sales oally Cumulave percenage of sales he classfcaon resuls gnon col % A 2 S- ol % A 3 Ar fler elemen-b % A 4 mng bel % A 5 Gasolne fler elemen % A 6 Rve % A 7 Former brake block % B 8 re % B 9 Sarer % B generaor % B ooh-shape bel % B 2 Asern mrror % B 3 Gear ol % B 4 Hgh brakng lamp % B 5 al lgh % B 6 anfreeze % B 7 Brake peal % B 354 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

5 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o Brake sc % B 9 Fuel ub % C 2 Back ol seal of Crankshaf % C 2 Rear shock Absorb % C 22 Fore-balance ball hea % C 23 seerng lnkage % C 24 Combnaon swch % C 25 hermosa % C 26 Waer emperaure % C plug 27 Fron hub % C 28 fuse % C 29 u skn % C 3 Back brakng pa-b % C 3 Fron brakng pa-b % C 32 Spark plug- B % C 33 yre nu-b % C 34 Lcense plae % C 35 Horn % C 36 Inpu axs ol seal % C 37 Fron fog-lgh swch % C 38 Fron brake hose % C 39 Dynamc seerng bel % C 4 Fuel cap % C Afer he classfcaon of spare pars, A company can ake fferen nvenory conrol sraeges, n orer o save nvenory coss, reuce nvenory an mprove he marke compeveness n he suaon of meeng eman of he cusomers. Accorng o fferen caegores of spare pars, nvenory conrol sraeges aken are shown n able 3. able 3. hree ypes of Invenory Conrol Sraegy an eho Proec/level A class of nvenory B class of C class of nvenory nvenory he egree of conrol Src General Smple Invenory calculaon Calculaon n eal base on he nvenory moel General Smple he recor of In- ou Recor n eal Recor generally Recor smply Invenory check frequency Inensve General Lower Safey sock General Bgger Bgger Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 355

6 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o Auomoble Spare Pars ullevel Invenory Sysem oel Analyss Obvously, nvolvng A company spare pars nvenory chan sysem nclung componens manufacurng enerprses, auomoble spare pars wholesale, auo spare pars ealers hree levels, auomoble spare pars wholesaler an auo spare pars ealers orer lea me an cusomer eman s auo spare pars ealers are ranom varables. hrough he sysem consrans eermne orer quany of nvenory sysem a all levels, he maxmum nvenory, orer quany, ec., Bulng mahemacal moel of mul-level nvenory sysems an mulsage nvenory sysem for sysem smulaon, oban he opmal soluon of mul-sage nvenory sysem moel hrough opmzaon algorhm. In eermnng he auo spare pars ealers, auo spare pars wholesaler nvenory noe orerng sraegy, nclung a all levels he nvenory cycle nvenory noe, reorer pon an orer quany an oher consrans, o solve he mul-sage nvenory sysem opmzaon goal. he mul-sage supply chan nvenory opmzaon can be ve no cos opmzaon an me opmzaon, ec., base on he oal supply chan prof maxmum as auo spare pars mulsage nvenory opmzaon goal. Invenory manenance cos of auomoble spare pars wholesaler As long as he car spare pars wholesaler has proucs, namely, nvenory manenance cos wll be prouce. he nvenory manenance cos of auo pars wholesaler n he plannng pero s enoe as: H h h ax, 2 Shorage cos of auomoble spare pars wholesaler When he auomoble spare pars wholesaler canno mee he nees of ownsream of auo spare pars ealers, namely, generae shorage cos wll be prouce, so he shorage cos of he auomove spare pars wholesaler n he plannng pero s enoe as: B b b ax, 2 3 he orerng cos of auomoble spare pars wholesaler Each me he auomoble spare pars wholesaler places an orer wh upsream manufacurers of auo pars, he corresponng orerng cos wll be prouce, orerng cos consue by wo elemens, nclung fxe orerng cos G an varable orerng cos G 2, so he oal orerng coss of he auomove spare pars wholesaler n he plannng pero s enoe as: D k G G R 3 2 Invenory coss, holng cos, orerng cos an shorage cos of auomoble spare pars ealers an auomoble spare pars wholesaler have he same composon. s he heorecal nvenory of auomoble spare pars ealer for he momen, ecrease wh he ownsream cusomer orers. When he auomoble spare pars ealer places an orer wh s upsream auomoble pares pars wholesaler, when he nvenory level rops o he reorer pon R. For s he acual nvenory of auo spare pars ealers for me, =ax,; 2 s he acual nvenory of auo spare pars ealers for me, 2 =ax-,; Auomoble spare pars ealer also ake,r,q nvenory conrol sraegy, namely,r,q sraegy. Smlar wh he auomoble spare pars wholesaler, nvenory cos of auomoble spare pars ealer are as follows: Invenory manenance cos of auomoble spare pars ealers as follows: H h h 2he shorage cos of auo spare pars ealers s: ax, Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

7 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 357 b b B 2, ax 5 3he oal orerng cos of auo spare pars ealers s: 2 R G G k D 6 3. oal Cos of Auomoble Spare Pars ullevel Invenory Sysem he oal ne margn whn he planne pero of auomoble spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem s oal sellng prof of supply chan eucng nvenory coss of all levels of nvenory noe. oal sellng prof of supply chan, oal nvenory manenance cos, oal shorage cos, oal orerng cos, oal ne margn as follows: oal sellng prof of supply chan he oal sellng prof of auomove spare pars supply chan has relae o un prof of prouc an oal sales of auomove spare pars ealers, oal sellng prof s: cx S S 7 2oal nvenory manenance cos of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem can be euce from equaon an 5, he oal nvenory manenance cos of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem s: ax h ax h h h H H H,, 8 3oal shorage cos of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem can be euce from equaon 2 an 6, he oal shorage cos of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem s: ax b ax b b B B B 2 2,, b 9 4 oal orerng cos of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem can be euce from equaon 3 an 7, he oal orerng cos of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem s: 2 2 R G G k R G G k D D D 5 oal ne margn of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem he oal ne margn of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem s oal sellng prof subracng oal nvenory manenance cos, oal shorage cos an oal orerng cos. Can be obane by equaon 7 -.oal ne margn of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem s:

8 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Z S H B D b c X h ax, h S k G G ax, H R b B B ax, D H 2 ax, k G D G 2 R here are global varables: : Plannng cycle, namely me overall lengh of sysem smulaon run, s a ceran me pon whn plannng cycles, whch ; : he number of auomoble spare pars wholesaler, s noe ID of auomoble spare pars wholesaler, whch ; : he number of auomoble spare pars ealers, s noe ID of auomoble spare pars ealers, whch ; Z: he oal profs whch mullevel nvenory sysem prouce whn plannng cycle ; H: he oal nvenory manenance cos of mullevel nvenory sysem whn plannng cycle ; B: he oal shorage cos whch mullevel nvenory sysem prouce whn plannng cycle ; D: he orerng cos whch mullevel nvenory sysem prouce whn plannng cycle ; c: arke prof of one-pece prouc, sa he fference value beween sale prce of auomoble spare pars ealer an purchase prce of auomoble spare pars wholesaler. Varables of auomoble spare pars wholesaler: : heory nvenory level of auomoble spare pars wholesaler ; : Physcal nvenory level of auomoble spare pars wholesaler, =ax,; 2 : Shorage of nvenory of auomoble spare pars wholesaler ; 2 =ax-,; h : n nvenory manenance cos of auomoble spare pars wholesaler ; H : oal nvenory manenance cos whn he plannng cycle of auomoble pars wholesaler ; b : n shorage cos of auomoble pars wholesaler ; B : oal shorage coss whn he plannng cycle of auomoble pars wholesaler, k : he orerng me whn he plannng cycle of auomoble spare pars wholesaler o he auomoble pars manufacurng enerprse G : Fxe orerng cos of auomoble pars wholesaler ; G 2 : Varable orerng cos of auomoble pars wholesaler ; D : oal cos of auomoble spare pars wholesaler whn he plannng cycle o orer goos from auomoble pars manufacurng enerprse; R : Orer bach of auomoble pars wholesaler each me; Varables of auomoble spare pars ealer: : heory nvenory level of auomoble spare pars ealer ; : Physcal nvenory level of auomoble spare pars ealer, =ax,; 2 : Shorage of nvenory of auomoble spare pars ealer ; 2 =ax-,, h : n nvenory manenance cos of auomoble spare pars ealer ; 358 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

9 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 H : oal nvenory manenance cos whn he plannng cycle of auomoble pars ealer ; b : n shorage cos of auomoble pars ealer ; B : oal shorage coss whn he plannng cycle of auomoble pars ealer ; k : he orerng me whn he plannng cycle of auomoble spare pars ealer o he auomoble pars manufacurng enerprse; G : Fxe orerng cos of auomoble pars ealer ; G 2 : Varable orerng cos of auomoble pars ealer ; D : oal cos of auomoble spare pars ealer whn he plannng cycle o orer goos from auomoble pars manufacurng enerprse; R : Orer bach of auomoble pars ealer each me; X : Ranom eman of cusomer of auomoble spare pars ealer ; S : Sellng prof of auo pars ealer whn he plannng cycle o analyze an suy he obecve funcon an consran conon of overall profs of mullevel nvenory sysem, layng he heorecal founaon for furher analyss of orerng sraegy of each sock noe. 4. ul-sage Invenory Sysem Opmzaon an Smulaon se he logscs smulaon sofware Exensm evelopmen by SA company Imagne ha, opmze an smulae mullevel nvenory supply chan of A company. 4. Exensm oel Consrucon hrough he logscs smulaon sofware Exensm bul overall srucure of he auomoble spare pars mullevel nvenory smulaon sysem, an esablsh he aabase, name he Invenory aabase n hs paper, shown n able 4: able 4. Daa able of Invenory Daabase able name Daa ypes Daa Descrpon Inpu All levels of nvenory noe Each noe cos Deman of each noe he oal coss assocae Fxely seng Fxely seng, ynamc change Dynamc change Dynamc change Dynamc change o save fxe an varable orerng coeffcen, un nvenory manenance cos, un shorage cos, un prouc prof o save reorer pon of each nvenory noe, orer quany, nvenory level a presen o save reorer pon of each nvenory noe, nvenory manenance cos, shorage cos, sellng prof o save eman of each nvenory noe o save oal orerng cos, oal nvenory manenance cos, oal shorage cos, oal sellng prof Overall srucure of he Invenory aabase shown n Fgure : Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 359

10 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Fgure. Invenory Daabase Srucure hen, save some fxe parameer values n he aa able whch assocae wh calculaon of nvenory cos, nclung fxe orerng cos, varable orer cos, un nvenory manenance cos, un shorage cos, un prouc prof an so on. For example: aa able srucure of each noe cos shown n Fgure 2. Fgure 2. Daa able Srucure of Each oe Cos Auomoble spare pars ealer nvenory noe nvenory smulaon moel s compose by four pars, nclung eman processng secon, check an orer processng secon, aa processng secon an aa sascs secon. Deman processng moule generaes he eny of cusomer eman n accorance wh he me nerval, hen se he properes of eman on he eny, an hen upae nvenory level n he nvenory noe a presen accorng o eman. Frs, use he Creae moule generaes eny of cusomer eman, hen generaes cusomer eman wh Ranom umber moule, an use he Se moule o creae DemanSze propery of eny of cusomer eman an assgne eman o DemanSze propery, hen he eman mae by Ge moules. For example: cusomer eman processng moule of auomove spare pars ealers shown n Fgure Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

11 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Fgure 3. Cusomer Deman Processng oule of Auomove Spare Pars Dealers Smlarly, check lbrary an orer processng moule of auomoble spare pars ealer shown n Fgure 4. Fgure 4. Check Lbrary an Orer Processng oule of Auomoble Spare Pars Dealer he aa processng secon shown n Fgure 5, ue o he sellng prof an orerng cos of ealer nvenory noes are calculae n eman processng moule an check an orer processng moule separaely, hen wren no he corresponng aa able, he aa processng secon use o solve he nvenory manenance cos an shorage cos of nvenory noe n he smulaon run cycle. Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 36

12 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Fgure 5. Daa Processng Secon of Auomoble Spare Pars Dealer hrough moelng auomoble spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem, frs escrbe he logcal flow an overall srucure an hen bul he overall aabase, bul smulaon moule of auomove spare pars wholesaler an ealers respecvely, nclung eman processng, check lbrary an orer processng, aa processng an sascs secon. 4.2 Deermnsc Inpu Parameers hs paper se up he operaon cycle of smulaon sysem as 365 ays a year. hs paper sues mullevel nvenory of a sngle spare pars, have a research on A spare par whch s sales of more selece n caegory of auomoble spare pars wholesalers A, he purchase prce of hs spare pars from pars manufacurng enerprses s 2 RB, he real prce of each auomoble spare pars ealer s 4 RB, herefore sellng prof of one spare pars n he whole supply chan s 2 RB. Auomoble spare pars ealers an wholesaler use he way o check he lbrary perocally, check he nvenory regularly, every me orer quany s a fxe value, namely use, R, Q orerng polcy. he orerng polcy of auomoble spare pars ealers an wholesaler s, 5,, namely check nvenory every ay, orer proucs from he auomove spare pars wholesaler when socks below 5; he orerng polcy of auomoble spare pars wholesaler s 5, 55, 55, namely ever 5 ays, auomove spare pars wholesaler checks he nvenory one me, orer 55 proucs from he auomove componens manufacurers when socks below 55. he un nvenory manenance cos of auomoble spare pars ealers s.5 RB per pece one ay, he un shorage cos s 9.5 RB per pece one ay; he un nvenory manenance cos of auomoble spare pars wholesaler s.2 RB per pece one ay, he un shorage cos s 3.8 RB per pece one ay. 4.3 Ranom Inpu Parameers se he exponenal srbuon show cusomer eman me of each auomoble spare pars ealer, unform srbuon every me eman. he orer me, from auomoble spare pars ealer orers from he auomove spare pars wholesalers o proucs arrve, an he orer me, ha auomoble spare pars wholesaler orers from auo pars manufacurers, obey Posson srbuon. 362 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

13 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 able 5. he Ranom Inpu Parameers of Each Invenory oe Invenory noe ean of orer lea me ays ean of cusomer arrval me nerval ays Cusomer eman A.4.9 ~4 A2.5.2 ~3 A3.6.2 ~4 A4.7.8 ~3 A5.7.9 ~3 A6.6 ~4 A7.7.9 ~4 A8.8 ~3 A9.8.2 ~4 A.7 ~4 A 8 5. he Smulaon Resuls Se he corresponng parameer values of each moule an Invenory aabase, hen clck he Run Smulaon buon o run he smulaon. Because he nfluence of ranom npu parameers, every resul s no he same, So we nee o o smulaon expermen for many mes o smulaon moel, so ha coun he oupu resuls, he smulaon was ran 2 mes. heory nvenory level changes of auomoble spare pars wholesaler A an ealer A n once smulaon expermen of he smulaon operaon cycle are shown n Fgure 6 an 7 separaely: Fgure 6. heory Invenory Level of Auomoble Spare Pars Wholesaler A Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 363

14 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Fgure 7. heory Invenory Level of Auomoble Spare Pars Dealers A Because here are a lo of ranom varables of auomove spare pars mulsage nvenory sysem whch hs arcle sues, nclung he nvenory noe cusomer eman, orer lea me ec. he resuls of smulaon opmzaon wll be fferen. I s necessary o selec several opmzaon resuls o compare an analyze. Obane smulaon opmzaon resuls wh he Opmzer moule. wo of hese smulaon resuls shown n Fgure 8 an Fgure 9. Fgure 8.he Opmzaon Resuls 364 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC

15 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 Fgure 9.he Opmzaon Resuls 2 o exrac he opmal resul of each opmzaon resuls, as an npu parameer o reener mulsage nvenory smulaon moel runnng 2 mes, ge mean of each oupu resuls are normalze, wren n he able, as shown n able 6: able 6. he Sasc Opmzaon Resuls R,Q oal orerng oal nvenory manan oal shorage e prof cos RB cos RB coarb RB 53, , , , , , , , , , Accorng o able 6, he overall ne prof of auomove spare pars mullevel nvenory sysem uner he orgnal orerng polcy s RB, afer smulaon opmzaon we can ge he nvenory sraegy, ncrease overall ne prof of auomoble spare pars supply chan, an reuce he nvenory cos. 6. Concluson hs paper akes he auomoble spare pars supply chan nvenory o sales managemen as he sarng pon, sysemacally suy he mullevel nvenory managemen moe an s opmzaon meho. Opmze nvenory sraegy make he oal ne prof of auomoble spare pars of mullevel nvenory sysem mprove compare wh he orgnal orerng sraegy mulsage nvenory sysem, he oal ne ncome has mprove. References []. K. Salameh an R. E. Ghaas, Opmal us-n-me buffer nvenory for regular prevenve manenance, In. J. Pro. Econ., vol. 74, no., 2, pp Copyrgh c 25 SERSC 365

16 Inernaonal Journal of u- an e- Servce, Scence an echnology Vol.8, o. 25 [2] R. J. Feng, Suy on Spare Pars Invenory anagemen of A Company, Beng Jaoong nversy, 29. [3] H, S. Lau an A. H. L. Lau, Supply Chan nvenory managemen an he value of share nformaon, anagemen Scence, vol. 46, no. 8, 2. [4] C. Zhang, A revew of he research of supply chan managemen n Chna, Journal of Eas Chna Jaoong nversy, vol. 3, 2, pp [5] Y. Pang, Z. W. Wang an H. Wang, Suy on green supply chan managemen moel n ron an seel manufacurng nusry low carbon economy envronmen, Enerprse Economc, vol. 2, 2, pp [6] J. Chen an Y. B. Xao, ew evelopmens an research prospecs n supply chan managemen, Journal of nversy of Shangha for Scence an echnology, vol. 6, 2, pp [7] S. H. Zhang, Revew an Oulook of Researches on Green Supply Chna anagemen, Logscs echnology, vol. Z, 2, pp [8] F. Y. Chen, Y. Feng an D. Smch-Lev, Exae evaluaon of orer fulfllmen n mul-em or assembly posponemen nvenory sysems wh bach orerng polces, aonal nversy of Sngapore, 25. [9] R. unson, A sock raonng polcy n a s,s Conrolle sochasc proucon sysem wh 2-phase coxan processng mes an los sales, Inernaonal Journal of Proucon Economcs, vol. 46, no. 8, 26. [] A. J. Clark an H. Scarf, Opmal polces for a mul-echelon nvenory problem, anagemen scence, vol. 6, no. 4, 96, pp [] X. L. Song, Auo spare pars logscs an supply chan managemen, Logscs echnology an Applcaon, vol. 4, no. 2, 29, pp [2] J. S. Peng, Cusomer Servce Pars anagemen Sysems n he Auomoble Inusry: nng Value an Prof n he Spare Pars Supply Chan, Publshng House of Elecroncs Inusry, 27. [3] C.. Dng, Logscs anagemen oe of Spare Par for Auomove Afermarke, Chongqng nversy, 26. [4] G. W. Dou an. W. Xue, Suy on Deman Forecas of Auomoble Spare-par for Afer Servce, Logscs echnology, vol. 28, no,, 25, pp [5] X. Y. Zou an Y. Q. Xu, he Comprehensve Applcaon of ABC ehos o he 4S Auomoble Spare Pars Sock he anagemen, Logscs echnology, vol. 3, no. 9, 28, pp Auhors Hongxng Deng, receve he Ph.D. egrees n physcs, auomoble applcaon engneerng, auomoble applcaon engneerng respecvely, from orheas Foresry nversy, Harbn, Chna, n 29.He s currenly a Professor of ransporaon College of orheas Foresry nversy. Hs man research neress nclue auomoble brakng, logscs echnology. ng Yuan, receve he B.S egree n vehcle engneerng from orheas Foresry nversy, Harbn, Chna, n 23.She s currenly a grauae of ransporaon College, orheas Foresry nversy, Harbn, Chna.Her research focuses on logscs echnology. Chunl Yan, receve he Ph.D. egrees n physcs, auomoble applcaon engneerng, auomoble applcaon engneerng respecvely, from orheas Foresry nversy, Harbn, Chna, n 2.She s currenly an Assocae Professor of ransporaon College of orheas Foresry nversy. Her research neress are focuse on auomoble heory. 366 Copyrgh c 25 SERSC