PROCEEDINGS OF THE CIPA WG 6 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SCANNING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE RECORDING SEPTEMBER, 1-2, 2002 CORFU, GREECE

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1 The ICOMOS /ISPRS Committee for Documentation of Cultural Heritage Le comité ICOMOS /ISPRS pour la documentation du patrimoine culturel INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING INTERNATIONALE GESELLSCHAFT FÜR PHOTOGRAMMETRIE UND FERNERKUNDUNG SOCIÉTÉ INTERNATIONALE DE PHOTOGRAMMÉTRIE ET DE TÉLÉDÉTECTION PROCEEDINGS OF THE CIPA WG 6 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SCANNING FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE RECORDING SEPTEMBER, 1-2, 2002 CORFU, GREECE Co-Organized by CIPA Working Group 6 (Chair: Wolfgang Boehler) ISPRS Commission V (President: Petros Patias) Edited by Wolfgang Boehler, Chairman CIPA Working Group 6 The publication of the Proceedings is sponsored by The Ministry of Macedonia and Thrace The Technical Chamber of Greece, Charter of Central Macedonia The Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Surveying Engineering

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3 PREFACE Scanning instruments, recording hundreds or even thousands of 3D points per second, have added a new perspective to metric surveying. Besides topographic laser scanners operating from airplanes, various instruments are available for close range applications. Although all of those instruments produce 3D coordinates in real time, they rely on different principles. Ranging instruments can be eplained as high speed surveying instruments whereas triangulation type instruments, including one or two digital cameras, could be regarded as photogrammetric devices. From a user s point of view, a discussion whether scanners belong to geodesy or photogrammetry is of no relevance, however. So far, scanners were widely used for the as-built-documentation in industry. The rapid measurement of huge numbers of 3D points on object surfaces is also very suitable for the documentation of cultural heritage objects, such as buildings, ruins, sculptures and artifacts. The CIPA Symposium in September 2001 at Potsdam, Germany, showed that scanner producers are interested to enter this market and some users have already gained first eperiences with this new metric recording technique. Preservation authorities in several countries have asked for guidelines concerning the use of scanning techno-logy, especially in comparison with close range photogrammetry. This was the motivation for CIPA Working Group 6, "Surveying Methods for Heritage Recorders", to offer this two day workshop "Scanning for Cultural Heritage Recording Complementing or Replacing Photogrammetry" immediately prior to the ISPRS Commission V Symposium at Corfu, Greece. The great response from authors and participants confirms the acute interest in this subject. The papers in this volume prove that in many cases both, scanning and photogrammetry can be used advantageously within one documentation project. Which method should be used to what etent under given prerequisites cannot be answered definitely yet. May the presentations and the discussions of this workshop lead to a clearer view of this question, thus serving the documentation of our cultural heritage. I would like to epress my deepest gratitude to Petros Patias, President of ISPRS Commission V, from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, and his team who took over all the organizing tasks for this workshop from the announcement in the WEB to the printing of the proceedings. This made it easy for myself and my assistant, Mirko Siebold, to organize the scientific program and to edit this volume at the Institute for Spatial Information and Surveying Technology (i3mainz) at FH Mainz, University of Applied Sciences, Germany. I sincerely hope that all participants will appreciate the program, have the opportunity to meet old and new friends and find some time to enjoy beautiful Corfu Island. Welcome to the Workshop! Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Boehler Chairman CIPA WG 6 3

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5 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Instruments and Methods 3D Scanning Instruments W. Boehler, A. Marbs 9 Multiscale Archaeological Survey Based on the Integration of 3D Scanning and Photogrammetry G. Guidi, G. Tucci, J-A. Beraldin, S. Ciofi, V. Damato, D. Ostuni, F. Costantino, S. F. El Hakim 13 3D-Reconstruction & Re-Production in Archaeology M. Ioannides, A. Wehr Laser Scanner Behaviour and Accuracy CYRAX TM 2500 Laser Scanner and G.P.S. Operational Fleibility: From Detailed Close Range Surveying, to Urban Scale Surveying M. Balzani, A. Pellegrinelli, N. Perfetti, P. Russo, F. Uccelli, S. Tralli 27 Eplorations into the Behaviour of Three Different High-Resolution Ground-Based Laser Scanners in the Built Environment M. Johansson 33 Comparison of Digital Photogrammetry and Laser Scanning D. D. Lichti, S. J. Gordon, M. P. Stewart, J. Franke, M. Tsakiri Software 3D Scanning Software: An Introduction W. Boehler, G. Heinz, A. Marbs, M. Siebold 47 A New Software for the Automatic Registration of 3D Digital Models Acquired Using Laser Scanner Devices L. Bornaz, A. Lingua, F. Rinaudo 52 Detailed 3D Reconstruction of Monuments Using Multiple Techniques S. El-Hakim, J.-A. Beraldin, M. Picard 58 Eploring a Byzantine Crypt through a High-Resolution Teture Mapped 3D Model: Combining Range Data and Photogrammetry J.-A. Beraldin, M. Picard, S. El-Hakim, G. Godin, C. Latouche, V. Valzano, A. Bandiera Documentation of Artifacts Using of Laser and Digital Camera Based Systems for 3D Object Documentation K. Pavelka 73 Volume Based Reconstruction of Archaeological Artifacts M. Kampel, R. Sablatnig, S. Tosovic 76 Surface Model Generation by the Relics from Slice Images, and the Trial to the Automatic Restoration Y. Watanabe, K. Tanaka, N. Abe, H. Taki, Y. Kinoshita Projects and Eperiences Thealasermetry: A Hybrid Approach to Documentation of Sites and Artefacts C. E. Borg, J. A. Cannataci 93 Laser Scanning and Traditional Survey Integration to Build a Complete 3D Digital Model of "Sagrestia dell'archivio di Stato a Mantova" R. Cantoni, G. Vassena, C. Lanzi 105 Eperiences with Laser Scanning at i3mainz A. Marbs 110 Digital Photogrammetry and Laser Scanning in Surveying the Nymphaea in Pompeii G. Bitelli, A. Capra, A. Zanutta 115 Eperiences of Laser Scanning for Close Range Structural Recording D. Barber, J. Mills, P. Bryan 121 Pharaoh Pepi I.: Documentation of the Oldest Known Life-Size Metal Sculpture Using Laser Scanning and Photogrammetry G. Heinz 127 5

6 6. Various Subjects From Digital Photogrammetry to 3D Digitalization for Art Objects Measurement O. Feihl, E. Renaudin 135 The Osiris Project (Optical Systems for Interferometric-Photogrammetric Relief Investigation and Scanning). Development of a Device for 3D Numerical Recording of Archaeological and Epigraphic Documents by Optoelectronic Processes D. Laboury, Y. Renotte, B. Tilkens, M. Dominique, R. Billen, Y. Cornet 139 Survey of Available 3D Visualization Techniques W. Schuhr, E. Kanngieser 143 Accurate Teture-Mapped 3D Models for Documentation, Surveying and Presentation Purposes M. Sgrenzaroli, E. Wolfart 148 Author inde 157 6

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12 AUTHOR INDEX Abe, N. 84 Balzani, M. 27 Bandiera, A. 65 Barber, D. M. 121 Beraldin, J.-A. 13, 58, 65 Billen, R. 139 Bitelli, G. 115 Boehler, W. 9, 47 Borg, C. E. 93 Bornaz, L. 52 Bryan, P. G. 121 Cannataci, J. A. 93 Cantoni, R. 105 Capra, A. 115 Ciofi, S. 13 Cornet, Y. 139 Costantino, F. 13 Damato, V. 13 Dominique, M. 139 El-Hakim, S. F. 13, 58, 65 Feihl, O. 135 Franke, J. 39 Godin, G. 65 Gordon, S. J. 39 Guidi, G. 13 Heinz, G. 47, 127 Ioannides, M. 19 Johansson, M. 33 Kampel, M. 76 Kanngieser, E. 143 Kinoshita, Y. 84 Laboury, D. 139 Lanzi, C. 105 Latouche, C. 65 Lichti, D. D. 39 Lingua, A. 52 Marbs, A. 9, 47, 110 Mills, J. P. 121 Ostuni, D. 13 Pavelka, K. 73 Pellegrinelli, A. 27 Perfetti, N. 27 Picard, M. 58, 65 Renaudin, E. 135 Renotte, Y. 139 Rinaudo, F. 52 Russo, P. 27 Sablatnig, R. 76 Schuhr, W. 143 Sgrenzaroli, M. 148 Siebold, M. 47 Stewart, M. P. 39 Taki, H. 84 Tanaka, K. 84 Tilkens, B. 139 Tosovic, S. 76 Tralli, S. 27 Tsakiri, M. 39 Tucci, G. 13 Uccelli, F. 27 Valzano, V. 65 Vassena, G. 105 Watanabe, Y. 84 Wehr, A. 19 Wolfart, E. 148 Zanutta, A

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