Kurkar ridges off Jaffa Port note pockmarks, and depressions found only north of the headland

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2 Kurkar ridges off Jaffa Port note pockmarks, and depressions found only north of the headland

3 Italian Submarine Scire

4 1 meter deep

5 In a powerful storm that battered Israel in February 2001, with wave heights to 10 m, boxes of ammo washed ashore at Tel Baruch. We were asked to check out an area offshore that was suspected to be the source of the ammo. Apparently a private contractor was hired in the 1960s to dispose of surplus shells, mines, and mortars in more than 2000 m of water. Instead they were dumped in only 30 m. Our brief survey pinpointed to within a meter the locations of the boxes. Hertzliya Marina Tel Aviv Marina

6 In 2003, the Etziona was hired to make high resolution Cesium magnetometer profiles along a proposed gas pipeline route. No bathymetry was requested. Despite this the EM1002 was run, and gas blow-outs(?) or pockmarks were observed which could complicate the laying of pipelines. Details: 100 m of water 140 m across 18 m deep Coast parallel Pockmarks - Faults? Ripples/waves

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9 Tamar 160 sq. km Sara-Myra 1,360 sq. km Yam-Hadera 536 sq. km South Israel 1,560 sq. km

10 South Israel Block 5 m by 6 m bathymetric grid 1,570 sq. km. Note coast-parallel faults, deep channels, and swales, providing many different types of bottom habitat.

11 Sara-Myra Block 12 m by 24 m bathymetric grid totaling 1,360 sq. km. Note the abyssal channels, shoreparallel faults and swales from basin-ward creep of the sediments.

12 Tamar Area 4 m multibeam coverage from AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle). The E/V NAUTILUS investigated the 45 m deep and 400 m wide channel in the southwest.

13 In 1999 the marine survey company OCEANA, now EDT Marine Construction Ltd., made a near-shore survey for planning the installation of gas pipelines. A single beam echo-sounder was used on lines 200 m apart to map between ~7 m and 40-60m depth. The resulting 1 m contours, digitized to produce 1.04 million points, together with the original 386,000 soundings, were used to interpolate (kriging) a 5 m bathymetric grid.

14 Drs. Oded Katz and Amit Mushkin at the Geological Survey of Israel have been studying the retreat of the Mediterranean coastal cliff. They are using Lidar topographic mapping on a 0.5 m grid for most of the coast. The inshore zone from the coastline to ~8 m needs to be surveyed using shallow water bathymetric Lidar, or parametric sonars for making swaths up to 22 times the depth. This is a future habitat study area.

15 ELSEWHERE in the MEDITERRANEAN IFREMER s L Atalante with 12 khz Multibeam

16 French Ifremer work in the eastern Mediterranean. In blue EM12D tracks from the PRISMED II campaign. In red the FANIL campaign. In violet profiles made available by BP-Amoco. In black tracks from the MEDISIS campaign. The stars indicate cores raised during the FANIL campaign. Source: PhD thesis of Ms. Lies Loncke, Curie University.

17 Eastern Mediterranean Situation Background is the 1:5 Million version of the International Bathymetric Chart of the Mediterranean (and Black) Seas (IBCM).

18 The MediMap Group s Mediterranean Multibeam Coverage Posters combined Status of the IHO-IOC IBCM-II 0.1 Bathymetric Grid for the Mediterranean (and Black) Sea Dr. John K. Hall - Geological Survey of Israel (Retired) Vice Chairman, IBCM International Bathymetric Chart of the Mediterranean Editor IBCM-II bathymetric/topographic grid at 0.1 Prof. Carlo Morelli Universita degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy Chairman, IBCM International Bathymetric Chart of the Mediterranean

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20 The E/V NAUTILUS is the 64 m long (211 ft) former East German research vessel Alexander von Humboldt launched in Completely refit by Ballard s Ocean Exploration Trust the Nautilus operated for 4 years in the Black and Mediterranean seas. It has now relocated to the Gulf of Mexico, after three years of working off the coast of Israel. In early July 2012 the NAUTILUS recovered the bodies of the two Turkish pilots shot down by Syria on 22 June.

21 Summary of the 2010 NA009 survey (Coleman, EOS, 92(10), March 8, 2011)

22 Possibly the beginning of the push to make the offshore deep coral patches into protected National Reserves.

23 Nautilus NA009 Shrimps, Crab, and Corals

24 Turning south to the northernmost Red Sea Track Lines of the R/V Etziona, which transited through the Suez Canal especially for this survey. MERC Eilat - Aqaba Sparker/Multibeam/Magnetic Survey Joint Jordanian-Israeli project 26 Oct - 21 Nov 2006 (12 Days)

25 Scale 1:20,000, Size 90 x 65 cm Multibeam coverage is 400%. Land cover SPOT 5 2.5m pixels (Copr. Spot/CNES)

26 The backside of this laminated poster showed perspective views from the south (top), east (Jordan middle), and west (Israel bottom).

27 New insight into bottom morphology of the northern Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba mapped from multi-beam and side scan sonar data V.E. ~ 1:4 G. Tibor 1, T.M. Niemi 2, Z. Ben-Avraham 3, A. Al-Zoubi 4, G. Hartman 3. R. A. Sade 5, J. K. Hall 6, E. Akawi 4, A. Abueladas 4 (1) Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel (2) University of Missouri-Kansas City, U.S.A. (3) Department of Geophysics & Planetary Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel (4) Surveying & Geomatics Department, Al-Balqa' Applied University, Al Salt, Jordan (5) Department of Geo-Marine Sciences, Haifa University, Haifa (6) Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel

28 Shallow water sparker and sidescan sonar surveys - 350~, 263,2006 "

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30 The survey lasted 7 weeks from end May to beginning of July Track length was 1600 km. Some 38 million soundings were recorded. 325 hours of multibeam survey with an ELAC Seabeam 1180 with 126 beams at 180 khz. Depths from 5 to 40 m. Swath width about 5 times the depth under the transducer. Sparker survey around the periphery where gas does not produce an acoustic mirror. Cesium magnetometer towed throughout.

31 The 2008 survey of the freshwater Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret) Over a 7 week period in May and June 2008 a detailed survey was carried out in the Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret). Above the aluminum jet-boat (R/V Lillian).

32 Maariv Since 1962 the Israeli Air Force (IAF) has been searching for the remains of a Fouga Magister training jet which crashed into the Kinneret in May One pilot s body was recovered but the second one is still missing. The survey was to locate the remaining sections of the aircraft and the second ejection seat and parachute.

33 Field Work Carried Out 3 survey days (29 June, 30 June, 1 July 2008) 104 survey lines (17, 57, 30) Kinneret Survey Track Lines SurveyTrack lines in the Search Box

34 Final Target Summary Submitted to the IAF in September Divers pulled up wreckage in 2009

35 The Dead Sea Multibeam/Magnetic Survey Joint Jordanian-Israeli project 9 Jan - 2 Feb 2007 (21 Days) R/V Tuglit at Ein Gedi Built at the Dead Sea in tons, 23 m overall

36 1848 Lynch-USN survey 158 soundings The Dead Sea at -422 m MSL 2,000 soundings 1960s Israeli E/S surveys 1974 E/S, CSP, and magnetic survey 5,148 soundings

37 o The speed of sound in the Dead Sea is over 1,810 m/sec. The profile was measured with an industrial AML Ltd. SV2000 with measurement range of m/sec. The ELAC 1055 firmware was tricked o by indicating 30 instead of 38 degrees between the two transducer blocks. The result worked but no nadir beams were recorded. o

38 The 5 m grid resulting from removal of the original tweaks and a proper adjustment of the refractions, resulted in a surface with many artifacts. A free-ware program for designing golf-courses was adapted to work on grids of 1024 by 1024 nodes, with various tools for smoothing and flattening these artifacts. These artifacts are from deposition of salt on the transducers, mixing of fresh water, and beam interactions, and possibly wobble in the leg.

39 Artifacts in the southeastern gulf area dealt with by the DTM-Edit Program which allowed orientation at any angle, with immediate shading and palette reconstruction after edits.

40 ~30 Million Soundings 5m grid (UTM) North 3D Max Depth -726m South 3D

41 High resolution geophysical survey of Birkat Ram John K. Hall 1, Gideon Tibor 2, Ronnie A. Sade 3, Gal Hartman 2, Gideon Amit 2, Dani Ramot 2 1. Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem 95501, Israel 2. Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa 31080, Israel 3. Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences, Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel Birkat Ram is situated in the northern Golan Heights, Israel. It is maar, a volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption when groundwater came in contact with hot lava or magma. It is a 1000x1200 m basin m lower than its topographic surroundings. This maar acts as a hydro-volcanic window to the underground water system of the Ya'afuri Valley. The water depth reaches about 10 m during rainy seasons, and drops during summers due to water pumping by Mekorot for agricultural irrigation. The margins of the maar are covered by the Birkat-Ram tuff and the basin is filled by about 90 m of layered clay sediment, overlaying a pyroclastic layer several tens of meters thick. A one day detail geophysical survey (Fig. 1) of Birkat Ram was carried out on 14/6/2010 using IOLR boat the Edva (Fig. 2). The bathymetry was mapped with ODOM Echotrack DS-3200 MKII echo sounder, the seafloor morphology with the Klein 3900 sidescan sonar (445/900 khz) and the subbottom strata with Geo-Resources 1.5KJ FW Geo-Spark 200 (fig. 3). Figure 1: Survey lines, 40 m grid Figure 2: The survey boat Edva Figure 3: Towing the FW Geo-Spark 200 Results of the initial data processing and interpretation reveal sedimentation rates and patterns within the maar. Comparison of the new bathymetric map (Fig. 4) to the old map from 1982 reveals that most of the sediment (up to ~ 3 m) accumulates along the south-eastern side of the maar (Fig. 5). The processed sidescan sonar mozaic reveals differing seafloor characteristics; the seafloor along the north-western and the south-eastern shelves returns less backscattered energy suggesting finer grained sediment, and the seafloor of the inner basin generates higher backscatter implying a more coarse grained sediment composition (Fig. 6). Most of the seismic profiles (fig. 7) failed to penetrate the seafloor and recorded several seafloor multiples. Seismic Penetration No Seismic Penetration 0 NW BR035 SE 20 TWT (ms) m Figure 4: Bathymetry 50 cm contours Figure 5: Bathymetric differences between the two surveys (in m) Figure 6: Sidescan sonar mosaic Figure 7: Seismic profile BR035 reveals a pattern of changing seismic penetration along the western side of the maar Seismic penetration was only observed along the north-western and the south-eastern margins (Fig. 8) and can be probably correlated with deposits of finer grained sediment with lower porosity (Figures 9 & 10). Figure 8: Subbottom seismic penetration (red lines) along the profiles Figure 9: Comparison between the seismic penetration area (yellow polygon) and the sidescan sonar mosaic Figure 10: Comparison between the seismic penetration area (black polygon) and the bathymetric differences grid

42 For over 40 years I have collected data for these seas. I plan to generate grids based on available data for the marine areas around the Arabian Plate.

43 Hall Mapping Archive at IOLR, Tel Shikmona

44 Teaching students to use 3-D Seismic Data In Late 2012 we established the Neev Geoinformatics Center at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

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