Workmanship & Material

The Alberta New Home Warranty Program September 2011 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program Workmanship & Material Reference Guide THE HOME SMART ADVANTAGE 1

Introduction For most homebuyers a new home represents a significant investment. A new home is built from thousands of components, involves hundreds of design details, any number of construction people and takes months to build. With all those variables, it is not surprising that occasionally a disparity exists between the expectations of the homeowner and what the builder delivers. Purpose of the Guide The Alberta New Home Warranty Program (the Program) has created this Guide to identify specific criteria and measurement principles and to assure consistency is achieved when evaluating the issues. It also identifies the repair or replace resolutions as well as the criteria when the issue does not require further builder action. This Guide is a public document. Builders and homeowners are encouraged to use this resource when discussing material and workmanship concerns. If the builder and the homeowner are unable to resolve the issue(s), the Program can be requested to assist. We offer knowledgeable and experienced inspectors, who provide mediation and conciliation services, and we provide an arbitration process as well. Program Inspectors/Conciliators Program inspectors have been well trained regarding technical construction issues and the use of this Guide, and are experienced in identifying and resolving the issues that impact a home. Their skills include technical knowledge, professional accreditation, dispute resolution management and they also have extensive experience in the home building industry. A Program inspector is a qualified and neutral third-party. This Guide is intended for use by Program inspectors to complete investigations and to prepare a Conciliation Report. Homeowners can request the services of Program inspectors by providing the Program with a written Request for Assistance pursuant to the provisions of the Warranty Certificate applicable to the home. 2 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Introduction Program inspectors will exercise their judgment and discretion after reasonable consideration of the particulars of this Guide as well as any other relevant circumstances that impact the issue(s) under investigation. Guide Limitations Conventional, low rise, wood frame construction is the primary focus of this Guide, and it may not be applicable to other types of construction. Certain issues are beyond the control of the builder including issues which are the responsibility of the homeowner as part of regular maintenance of the home. There may also be a distinction between the warranty provided by the builder and the warranty provided by the Program which is subject to the terms, conditions and limits described in the Warranty Certificate issued by the Program for the home. Not all defects are warrantable defects. Industry standards and reasonable expectations of quality and finish are recognized in this Guide, and it is designed to be supplemented by applicable building codes and other guidelines or standards produced by industry associations. In the absence of a written specification, the builder s show home may be referenced to establish the level of workmanship applicable to the issue under investigation. This Guide is intended to assist with the identification of minimum acceptable standards for builders and homeowners. It is posted on the Program website www.anhwp.com and forms a part of the Warranty Certificate. Note; Please see the Program website, www.anhwp.com, for the most current edition of the Guide. Resources for Guide This comprehensive Guide was initiated and organized by the Program and updated in September 2011. It could not have been written without the substantial contributions of representatives of Builder Members, industry experts, independent inspectors, sub-trades and suppliers. All of these outside resources were a credible source of information to establish references and industry standards. At the end of this publication there is a list of all of the Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 3

Introduction Resources for Guide continued people, associations and corporations who contributed time and resources to its preparation. We sincerely thank all contributors for their efforts. Care and Maintenance Guide A companion document to the Workmanship and Material Guide is the Guide to Care and Maintenance of your New Home. This guide provides additional information on the materials contained inside and outside your home. The Guide to Care and Maintenance of your New Home can be found on-line at www.anhwp.com on the main page as a featured resource. Disclaimer While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and veracity of the information in the Guide, the Program is not responsible in any way for damages arising out of the use of the Guide. Although the Program relies on reputable sources and believes the information in the Guide is correct, and attempts to keep the Guide current, the Program does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information. The Program reserves the right to discontinue, change or modify the Guide at any time without notice. 4 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Definitions The following acronyms, definitions or descriptions are used throughout this Workmanship & Material Reference Guide as defined terms. They may be capitalized and/or used in the context of the sentence (i.e. tense, plural) without altering the intent of the defined term. ABC The Alberta Building Code in effect at the date the building permit was issued for the home. Abuse To use something improperly to the extent that damage or excessive wear becomes apparent. Abuse can be unintentional, occasional or attributed to a seemingly innocent action. Act of Nature An act which occurs exclusively by the forces of nature, uncontrolled and uninfluenced by human intervention and which is of such a character that it could not have been prevented or escaped from by any amount of foresight or prudence. For example: a snowstorm or tornado. Builder The Builder named on the Certificate of Possession. Building Envelope The external components of a building, (wall, floor, and ceiling assemblies), which afford protection to the interior from weather and exterior elements. Assemblies include components such as air barrier, insulation, cladding, roofing, windows and doors. CEC Canadian Electrical Code Conciliation Report A written report issued by the Program that provides a binding decision regarding warranty issues in dispute with respect to defects in the home. Consequential Damage Damage to the building materials or components of the home resulting from failure of a related or adjacent component. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 5

Definitions Contiguous Areas Areas that are touching. Contract / Contractual An agreement between two or more parties that is enforceable by law. Certificate of Possession (COP) The Certificate of Possession refers to a form completed by the homeowner and the builder at the time of possession. The COP identifies the acceptability of specific components, systems and condition of the home at the time of possession. The COP and attached list (if required) of defects/deficiencies is used to confirm in writing what parts of the home were complete and accepted as such and what parts were incomplete, missing, damaged, out of adjustment or inoperative, at the time of the possession. The COP is the document used by the Program in evaluating a warranty issue during the first year workmanship and material period. A sample of the COP form provided by the Program to Builder Members can be found on our website www.anhwp.com. Homeowners should refer to the Program s publication From Purchase to Possession & Beyond, which elaborates on the COP and possession process. A copy of this publication can be downloaded from the website. Cosmetic Serving (primarily) an aesthetic or appearance function. CSA Canadian Standards Association. Crazing The development of a network of random cracks or fissures on the surface of concrete, mortar or solid surfaces caused by shrinkage of the surface layer or by hot water expansion and contraction. 6 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Definitions Date of Possession/Possession The earliest date the homeowner occupies the home or the Date of Possession described in the COP. The homeowner must sign a COP prior to taking possession of the home. If the COP is not signed or provided to the Program, the Program shall, in its sole discretion, determine the Date of Possession and such date shall be binding upon the builder and the homeowner. Defect(s) As defined in your Warranty Certificate. The following may apply: a) workmanship or material not in compliance with this Guide; b) specific defects in workmanship or material noted in the COP; c) workmanship or material is not in compliance with the ABC in effect at the date the building permit was issued for the home. Non-compliance with the ABC is only considered a defect covered by the Program Warranty Certificate if the noncompliance constitutes an unreasonable health or safety risk, or has resulted in, or is likely to result in, material damage to the home. Deficiency Items in the contract that have not been completed prior to completion of the COP. Seasonal deficiencies are the most common type, where weather and climate factors make it impractical to complete certain kinds of exterior work. The builder and the homeowner should document all outstanding deficiencies at the time of possession. Developer One who prepares raw land for construction and then sells serviced lots to a builder. Dimensional wood/lumber Wood milled with varying width, thickness and length. Finish (as a noun) The exposed, relatively thin (usually) cosmetic or protective layer; as opposed to the supporting substrate material. Finish grade The imaginary line formed between the bottom of a shoe and the sod, gravel or top soil supporting it. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 7

Definitions Gratuitous Repair Should the Builder undertake remedial action on an issue identified as No Action or Contractual/Design in the Conciliation Report, the gratuitous repair is beyond the scope of the Program s warranty protection, and therefore is not accompanied by the Warranty on Warranty. Guide The Alberta New Home Warranty Program s Workmanship & Material Reference Guide. Home The residential dwelling constructed by the builder at the address recorded on the Warranty Certificate and described in the COP. Homeowner The registered legal owner of the home. Homeowner Maintenance Work which is done regularly to keep a home and its equipment in good condition and working order. New homes require maintenance; Homeowners need to familiarize themselves with mechanical systems, utilities, and routines from changing filters to replacing downspout extensions after cutting the lawn. Damages caused by improper homeowner maintenance are not considered a Warrantable Defect. Homeowner Responsibility An action required of the homeowner. Humidity (relative) The amount of water vapour within the air expressed as a percentage of the amount of water the air can hold at one atmosphere pressure and at a given temperature. Refer to: Home Humidity Levels in the Guide to the Care and Maintenance of Your New Home. Latent Defect A product imperfection not discoverable by reasonable inspection at time of possession and becomes readily apparent at a later date. 8 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Definitions Load Bearing Component The support system of the home capable of transmitting live and dead loads to the supporting ground as determined by the Program from the plans and specifications of the home, and includes only the footings, piles, foundation walls, grade beams, teleposts, load bearing walls, beams, floor systems and roof trusses. Manufacturer s Warranty The manufacturer typically performs fabrication or assembly of the final product as defined by the specifications and is responsible for its performance, quality, and reliability. The manufacturer s warranty may run independently of the warranty provided by the Program or the builder. Measurement and Dimensions In many entries a value has been attached to quantify the magnitude of the defect in an attempt to reduce subjective assessment. The imperial number is the value that should be used in all instances. The metric number (in parenthesis) is an approximation only for the convenience of those who may be more familiar with that measuring system. Tape measures are commonly available in either system but micrometers or vernier calipers for smaller measurements are usually not found around the home. For the purposes cited in this Guide, smaller measurements may be approximated by considering the thickness of a typical business card: 1 business card 0.25 mm 2 business cards 0.5 mm 3 business cards 0.75 mm 4 business cards 1.0 mm Mitigation of Damages The responsibility of a homeowner to stop or reduce damages affecting the home by acting both responsibly and in a timely manner (especially those involving water or utilities). Municipality An incorporated city, county, metropolitan authority, town, village, township, district or rural municipality or other incorporated municipal body having corporate status and powers of self-government. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 9

Definitions Naturally As would be expected through inherent nature. Normal Something exhibiting typical, usual or conventional construction, design or operation. Normal Lighting Normal lighting is light sourced from the sun or by the fixtures as installed by the Builder. The use of additional light sources; flood lights, flash lights and flashes to enhance an irregularity is not considered normal. Normal lighting is not associated with a particular time of day. Normal Lighting and Normal Viewing Position are closely associated when inspecting an issue. Normal Viewing Position Typical or usual viewing conditions, that is: Flooring is viewed from a standing position; Interior finishes are viewed from 5 feet (1.5 m) at 90 or such other parameter as specified in this Guide. Exterior finishes are viewed from 20 feet (6 m) or such other parameters as specified in this Guide. Normal Wear and Tear Physical deterioration arising from age and Normal use. One-Time Repair Remedial action completed by the Builder on an issue identified as a onetime repair in the Conciliation Report is not accompanied by the Warranty on Warranty. One-time repairs are typically associated with the normal settlement and shrinkage processes in the Home, and thereafter deemed by the Program to be regular Homeowner Maintenance. Examples of one-time repairs are such items as; caulking, drywall repairs, and paint touch-ups. Patina The change in an object s surface appearance resulting from natural aging due to normal wear and tear and oxidation. 10 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Definitions Possession/Date of Possession See Date of Possession. Program The Alberta New Home Warranty Program. Properly painted surface A Properly painted surface is one that is uniform in appearance, color and sheen. It is one that is free of foreign material, lumps, skins, runs, sags, misses, strike-through, or insufficient coverage. It is a surface which is free of drips, splatters, spills or overspray which were caused by the contractor s workforce. Compliance to meeting the criteria of a Properly painted surface shall be determined when viewed without magnification at a distance of five feet or more under normal lighting conditions and from a normal viewing position, (no less than a 45 degree angle to the wall surface). Readily Apparent To display a certain condition without repositioning, adjusting, or tuning the senses of the observer; from a Normal Lighting and Normal Viewing Position. Readily Audible To hear a sound clearly in a Normal use condition. Readily Visible To see a detail clearly from a Normal Lighting and Normal Viewing Position. Repair(ed) (s) To recondition, mend or put back in working order. The chosen repair method will bring the variance to within the acceptable performance condition as specified in the Guide. Replace(ed) To substitute or put in the place of another with an equivalent item. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 11

Definitions Specified Plane An invisible, straight, line between two points on the surface of a wall, ceiling or floor which defines the intended flat surface. Bloc Reference Plane Block Specified Actual Figure 1. Measuring actual surface variation from a specified plane using a reference plane Structural Defect Is a defect in material or workmanship that results in damage due to the failure of a load bearing part to provide stable and adequate support in the home or is not in compliance with the ABC in effect as of the date the building permit was issued for the home. Excluded are driveways, decks, basement and garage floors, patios, sidewalks, retaining walls and all other concrete work which is not a load bearing part. Non-compliance with the ABC is considered a structural defect covered by the Warranty Certificate only if the non-compliance constitutes an unreasonable health or safety risk, or has resulted in, or is likely to result in, material damage to the home. Substrate The surface, or medium, that serves as a base for the next layer of finish (protective or cosmetic surface). Surface Water Management A process of establishing and maintaining grades and systems for the control of surface water. See the Program s brochure detailing the management of surface water available on the Program s website at www.anhwp.com Uniform Having similar form, colour, texture or attributes throughout a defined area. Warrantable Defect A defect which is defined and covered by the Warranty Certificate. 12 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Definitions Warranty A commitment that workmanship and material comprising the construction of the home will meet a specified condition or level of performance over a specified period of time. Warranty Certificate The certificate describing warranty coverage, issued by the Program for the home identified in the COP. Warranty on Warranty Any action required by the Program in a Conciliation Report, with respect to repair. The builder must provide a limited One Year warranty, which commences on the date that the work is completed. Excluded are repairs identified in the report as gratuitous repair or one time repair. Water Test The test preformed to confirm water leaks, both above and below grade. Above grade the intent is to simulate an average, wind driven rainfall but should never be done using full pressure in a single-stream or pressure altering device such as a pressure washer. This can force water through building assemblies and flashings not intended for high volume or high-pressure water saturation. Below grade the intent is to simulate natural water flow around a foundation caused by rain or snow melting where the water may inadvertently be directed towards the foundation wall. Unintended water penetration is considered to be bulk water coming into the basement or accumulating near the point of entry, or dampness on the wall appearing as a result of the test, but excludes dampness caused by condensation or other causes. Above Grade Use standard garden hose and sprayer attachment. The sprayer attachment should be set on shower or other similar dispersal pattern. Spray the area to be tested for not more than 10 minutes from a minimum distance of 6-6 (2 m). Have another person checking inside for the point of origin and the length of time it takes for water to appear. Areas to be investigated should be kept dry prior to the test. Below Grade Use a standard garden hose with no attachments. The hose bib should be set at about half flow to simulate melting snow or rainfall. The water from Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 13

Definitions Below Grade continued the hose is to be directed along the face of the foundation to allow the water to run parallel to the wall, at grade, finding its own way down the exterior of the wall. Run the water for not more than 20 minutes checking periodically for water penetration. Have another person checking inside for the point of origin and the length of time it takes for water to appear. Areas to be investigated should be kept dry prior to the test. Workmanship and Materials Warranty See warranty certificate. Note; the Program considers the Homeowner to be responsible for maintaining grades established by the Builder please see the Programs brochure on surface water management on our website at www.anhwp.com. www.anhwp.com The Program s comprehensive website. 14 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Itemized Workmanship & Material Reference Conditions Introduction... 2-4 Definitions... 5-14 Chapter 1 Exterior Elements Site Work Chapter 1.1 Exterior deck is springy or shaky... 35 1.2 Exterior deck elevation has changed... 36 1.3 Exterior wood handrails and/or guards have slivers... 37 1.4 Deck board spacing is not uniform... 38 1.5 Movement is noticeable on exterior deck railing... 39 1.6 Floor decking boards are split, warped or cupped... 40 1.7 Fasteners stick up on deck surfaces... 41 1.8 Stain colour varies on wood deck... 42 1.9 Stains exist on exterior decking from fasteners... 43 1.10 Water is ponding on solid surface of deck... 44 1.11 Water is ponding on the surface of the site... 45 1.12 Water is ponding at or near the foundation... 46 1.13 Window well not at the correct height... 47 1.14 Lawn, trees, shrubs or plants have died... 48 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 15

Table of Contents Chapter 2 Concrete General and Basements 2.1 Efflorescence is present on concrete surfaces... 51 2.2 Interior concrete surfaces are powdery... 52 2.3 Foundation wall leaks... 53 2.4 Cast-in-place concrete foundation wall is cracked... 54 2.5 Water is leaking in through the basement floor slab... 55 2.6 Concrete basement floor is cracked... 56 2.7 Concrete basement floor (without builder-applied finished flooring) deviates from the specified plane of the floor... 57 2.8 The plane of the concrete basement floor has settled or heaved... 58 2.9 Basement floor feels damp... 59 Garages 2.10 Concrete garage floor has heaved or settled... 60 2.11 Garage concrete floor is cracked... 61 2.12 Water is accumulating on the garage floor... 62 Exterior Concrete 2.13 Exterior concrete surface is deteriorating... 63 2.14 Crazing of concrete surfaces... 64 2.15 Exterior flatwork such as a concrete driveway, parking pad, sidewalk or patio is cracked... 65 16 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Exterior Concrete continued 2.16 Concrete driveway has heaved or settled...66 2.17 Exterior stairs (landings) have settled...67 2.18 Water is ponding on concrete stairs or landings...68 2.19 Water is ponding on the sidewalk...69 2.20 A void exists under a driveway or sidewalk...70 2.21 Concrete flatwork has subsided...71 2.22 At possession an area with a readily apparent colour variation exists within a large area of concrete flatwork (such as a sidewalk or driveway)... 72 Chapter 3 Masonry and Manufactured Stone (Interior and Exterior) 3.1 Efflorescence is present on masonry surfaces... 74 3.2 Masonry is deteriorating... 75 3.3 Above-grade brick veneer cladding (including mortar) is cracked... 76 3.4 Horizontal masonry joint alignment is not uniform... 77 3.5 Cut bricks are of different thicknesses in relation to one another... 78 3.6 Bricks or manufactured stone are different colours... 79 3.7 Splatters and stains exist on exterior masonry or manufactured stones... 80 3.8 Horizontal manufactured stone joint alignment is not uniform...81 3.9 The mortar (grout) joint between stones is an uneven width... 82 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 17

Table of Contents Masonry and Manufactured Stone continued 3.10 Manufactured stones are falling off the wall... 83 3.11 A crack is readily apparent on the face of a manufactured stone... 84 3.12 A mortar/grout joint between manufactured stones or bricks is cracked...85 Chapter 4 Carpentry Framing 4.1 Finished floor above grade is not level... 87 4.2 Finished floor above grade is uneven... 88 4.3 Floor squeaks... 89 4.4 Floor exhibits springiness or bounce... 90 4.5 Sub-floor is loose... 91 4.6 Wall is not plumb... 92 4.7 Wall is bowed... 93 4.8 Exterior wall is leaking... 94 4.9 Window unit leaks during rainfall... 95 4.10 Window perimeter detailing is causing water intrusion into interior living space... 96 4.11 Wood beam or post is split... 97 4.12 Open end of beam is twisted... 98 4.13 Adjustable steel column is not plumb...99 4.14 Truss uplift resulting in drywall cracks and nail pops...100 18 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Carpentry Framing continued 4.15 Thermal bowing, creating gaps or cracks at finishes against an outside wall on a seasonal basis...101 Chapter 5 Carpentry Finish Carpentry Preface...104 Countertops and Cabinets 5.1 Laminated countertop has developed a bubble...105 5.2 Seal between sink and countertop has allowed water to come in contact with the substrate resulting in swelling under the laminate.106 5.3 Laminated countertop seam has swelled due to water penetration.107 5.4 Laminated countertop edge has delaminated...108 5.5 Laminated countertop seam is excessively wide...109 5.6 Cracks exist in countertop surface...110 5.7 Scratches or chips exist on laminate or solid surface countertops...111 5.8 A gap or height variation exists between granite countertop sections...112 5.9 A cabinet door panel has contracted leaving a noticeable strip of unfinished wood along a perimeter edge...113 5.10 Cabinet doors do not line up with each other...114 5.11 Cabinet doors or drawer faces are warped...115 5.12 Cabinet drawer binds or rubs...116 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 19

Table of Contents Countertops and Cabinets continued 5.13 A gap exists between cabinets and ceilings or walls...117 Interior Stairs and Railings 5.14 Stair assembly is squeaking...118 5.15 A gap exists between stair trim or moulding and wall...119 5.16 A gap exists between wood railing parts...120 5.17 Stair railings and guards lack rigidity...121 5.18 Colour variation, knots or different grain patterns exist between adjacent natural wood trim or railings...122 5.19 Interior metal stair spindles are loose...123 Trim and Mouldings 5.20 Hammer marks are visible on trim...124 5.21 Interior trim or mouldings are split...125 5.22 Visible joints exist in interior trim, casing and baseboards...126 5.23 Finished wood surface is rough...127 5.24 Interior wood surfaces are scratched or scuffed...128 5.25 A gap exists between the wall and the baseboard...129 5.26 A gap exists between the underside of the baseboard and a hard, uniform surface floor...130 5.27 Resin is bleeding through painted finish... 131 20 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents General Items 5.28 Fasteners are not properly set or filled... 132 Chapter 6 Doors and Windows Doors 6.1 Sliding pocket door will not stay on track or door does not roll smoothly... 135 6.2 Pocket door rubs... 136 6.3 Sliding screen door will not stay on track or slide smoothly... 137 6.4 Bi-fold and sliding doors come off tracks... 138 6.5 Interior passage door is warped... 139 6.6 Interior door rubs on the door jamb... 140 6.7 Veneer wood door panel has split... 141 6.8 Colour variation, knots and different grain patterns exist between adjacent natural wood door panels... 142 6.9 Shrinkage of inserted panels shows raw wood edges on exterior wood doors... 143 6.10 a) Door handset fails to latch properly... 144 b) Door drags on the floor c) Door swings open or closed on its own d) Door binds from improperly installed hinges 6.11 Exterior door assembly is not providing a seal against exterior elements... 145 6.12 Exterior door rubs on the door jamb... 146 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 21

Table of Contents Doors continued 6.13 Exterior door is dented or damaged... 147 6.14 Metal skin exterior door has not been painted to manufacturer s specifications... 148 6.15 Plastic moulding on exterior door is deformed or discoloured... 149 6.16 Exterior door hardware or decorative metal trim has discoloured.. 150 6.17 Filler plugs are not in place in the plastic moulding (over screw locations)... 151 6.18 Overhead garage doors do not operate properly... 152 6.19 Overhead garage doors allow entrance of snow or water around their perimeters... 153 Windows 6.20 Window glass exhibits scratches... 154 6.21 The interior or exterior of a window or door frame exhibits chips, cracks, scratches or gouges... 155 6.22 Window is exhibiting condensation on the interior glass surface... 156 6.23 Condensation is forming between factory sealed window panes... 157 Chapter 7 Finishes Exterior 7.1 Wood, hardboard or panel-type siding is bowed or wavy... 160 7.2 Wood, hardboard or panel-type siding joints are not tight... 161 22 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Finishes Exterior continued 7.3 Hardboard or panel-type siding fasteners are excessively countersunk... 162 7.4 Plywood or veneer siding has delaminated... 163 7.5 Fastener has stained the wood siding... 164 7.6 Lap siding (wood, hardboard, vinyl, etc.) is not installed in a straight line... 165 7.7 Exposed edges of engineered wood battens or trim pieces are unfinished... 166 7.8 Colour of vinyl or aluminum siding trim and accessories do not match that of the siding colour... 167 7.9 Vinyl or aluminum siding colour has faded unevenly... 168 7.10 Aluminum or vinyl siding, trim or accessory is loose... 169 7.11 Vinyl or aluminum siding is bowed or wavy... 170 7.12 Exterior wood trim is split... 171 7.13 Exterior wood trim is bowed, twisted or cupped... 172 7.14 Resins have bled through paint or stain applied on cedar shakes or shingles... 173 7.15 Unsealed gaps exist between dissimilar cladding materials and at penetrations through the cladding... 174 7.16 Cracks appear in exterior stucco... 175 7.17 Stucco colour or texture is inconsistent across the wall... 176 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 23

Table of Contents 7.18 Stucco is separating or falling off the substrate... 177 24 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Finishes Exterior continued 7.19 Efflorescence (a whitish crystalline powder) is present on exterior surfaces... 178 7.20 Parging is exhibiting hairline cracks or falling away... 179 7.21 Exterior paint, stain or clear finish blisters and peels on vertical surfaces... 180 7.22 Exterior paint surface finish is inconsistent... 181 7.23 Paint or stain on repaired exterior areas does not match... 182 7.24 Exterior paint or stain has faded... 183 7.25 Paint is splattered on exterior surfaces not intended to be painted 184 7.26 Siding exhibits surface residue... 185 Chapter 8 Finishes Interior 8.1 Interior paint surface finish is inconsistent... 187 8.2 Paint or stain on repaired interior areas does not match... 189 8.3 Clear interior finishes have deteriorated... 190 8.4 Paint is splattered on surfaces not intended to be painted... 191 8.5 Wall covering is peeling... 192 8.6 Patterns in wall coverings are mismatched at the edges... 193 8.7 Caulking has separated from the substrate allowing water to penetrate behind the sealant... 194 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 25

Table of Contents Finishes Interior continued 8.8 Water has penetrated behind ceramic tile, bathtub or shower enclosures... 195 8.9 A grout joint between tiles is cracked, separated or is missing pieces... 196 8.10 Grout is not uniform in colour... 197 8.11 Grout lines are not uniform in width... 198 8.12 Adjacent stone or ceramic tile surfaces are installed at different elevations... 199 8.13 Ceramic tile or natural stone surfaces show distinctive groupings that cosmetically detract from a defined area... 200 Chapter 9 Gypsum Wallboard 9.1 Gypsum wallboard surface is damaged or blemished... 202 9.2 Gypsum wallboard corners are uneven... 203 9.3 Gypsum wallboard finishes for short walls... 204 9.4 Texture of painted gypsum wallboard varies (levels 0-5)... 205-207 9.5 Ceiling is uneven... 208 9.6 Ceiling finish exhibits variation in texture or pattern... 209 9.7 Interior wall or ceiling surfaces show a crack or nail pop due to normal shrinkage and settlement... 210 9.8 Water from melting frost in unheated attic spaces has appeared on finished surfaces in the interior of the home... 211 26 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Gypsum Wallboard continued 9.9 Frost is accumulating on the underside of roof sheathing or trusses 212 Chapter 10 Flooring Resilient 10.1 Resilient sheet flooring joints do not appear tight... 214 10.2 Resilient sheet flooring is loose along an internal seam... 215 10.3 Resilient sheet flooring has not been sealed against usual sources of water entry... 216 10.4 Patterns on vinyl flooring are not aligned across the seams... 217 10.5 Patterns in flooring (all types) vary in relation to the adjacent wall. 218 10.6 Resilient (flexible) floor is loose... 219 10.7 Ridges or depressions appear on the surface of the resilient flooring without breaking through... 220 10.8 Bubbles appear from beneath the surface of the resilient sheet flooring... 221 10.9 Topical discolouration or yellowing appears on the surface of the resilient flooring... 222 10.10 Discolouration appears over time, on resilient flooring... 223 10.11 Dye lot variation exists in the resilient flooring... 224 10.12 Repaired resilient flooring looks different... 225 Chapter 11 Flooring Hardwood Hardwood Flooring Preface... 227 26 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Flooring Hardwood continued 11.1 Cracks are developing between strips of hardwood... 228 11.2 Strip hardwood flooring is cupped (high edges) or crowned (high center)... 229 11.3 The surface of one strip of hardwood flooring is higher than another (i.e. overwood or underwood condition)... 230 11.4 Hardwood flooring colour, sheen or finish is not uniform... 231 11.5 Colour variation, knots and different grain patterns exist within the finished floor... 232 11.6 Finish on hardwood flooring has failed or is exhibiting premature wear and anomalies... 233 11.7 Hardwood flooring contains too many short boards and not enough long boards... 234 11.8 Splinters are occurring in hardwood flooring... 235 11.9 Hardwood flooring appears dented in spots... 236 11.10 Hardwood flooring squeaks... 237 11.11 Hardwood flooring bevel is uncomfortable underfoot... 238 11.12 Hardwood floor finish (sheen) seems dull from cleaners... 239 11.13 Repaired hardwood flooring looks different... 240 CHAPTER 12 Flooring Carpet 12.1 Carpet seam is visible... 242 12.2 Carpet is loose or stretching has occurred... 243 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 27

Table of Contents Flooring Carpet continued 12.3 Carpet colour has changed... 244 12.4 Carpet is not uniform in colour, texture, or pattern... 245 12.5 Carpet has dark stains around perimeter of rooms and at heating registers... 246 12.5 Hollow areas in under pad below carpet surface... 247 12.7 Carpet is exhibiting excessive fibre loss... 248 Chapter 13 Flooring Laminate Laminate Introduction... 250 13.1 Laminate flooring sections are swelled... 251 13.2 Laminate flooring is separating... 252 13.3 Laminate floor is chipped... 253 13.4 A uniform gap has developed between the edge of the laminate floor and the edge of the baseboard or between the edge of the laminate and the edge of a trim strip... 254 Chapter 14 Tile and General Flooring Issues 14.1 Ceramic, porcelain, or stone flooring is cracked or loose... 256 14.2 A grout joint between floor tiles is cracked or has separated from the tile... 257 14.3 Grout lines between floor tiles are not uniform in width... 258 14.4 Floor tile grout is not uniform in colour... 259 28 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Tile and General Flooring Issues continued 14.5 Adjacent floor tile surfaces are installed at different elevations... 260 14.6 Cut edge of a floor tile is too rough or sharp... 261 14.7 The surface of a ceramic or stone tile is damaged by a chip or a gouge... 262 14.8 Transition between different types of flooring is not flush... 263 14.9 Finished flooring is uneven... 264 Chapter 15 Roofing 15.1 Roof shingles have blown off... 266 15.2 Asphalt shingle edges are curled or cupped... 267 15.3 Shingle pattern is irregular... 268 15.4 Asphalt shingles are not sealed... 269 15.5 Asphalt shingles do not overhang the roof sheathing the proper amount... 270 15.6 Shading, stair pattern is visible on asphalt shingle roof... 271 15.7 Irregularities are visible in the roof surface... 272 15.8 Roofing nails are exposed on asphalt roofs... 273 15.9 Colour variation exists on roof after repairs... 274 15.10 Roll membrane roofing is blistered... 275 15.11 Water is trapped under roofing membrane... 276 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 29

Table of Contents Roofing continued 15.12 Water is standing on a flat roof... 277 15.13 Roof or flashing leaks... 278 15.14 Eavestroughs or downspouts leak... 279 15.15 Eavestroughs overflow during normal rain... 280 15.16 Ice damming on the roof... 281 15.17 Temporary hardware has been left on the roof... 282 15.18 Leaks due to snow or rain driven into the attic through louvers or vents... 283 Chapter 16 Fireplaces Plumbing Electrical Fireplaces 16.1 Chimney serving solid-fuel burning (wood, manufactured logs, pellets, etc.) appliance does not draw properly... 286 16.2 Fireplace and/or glass finish has changed in appearance... 287 Plumbing 16.3 Water pipes are leaking... 288 16.4 Faucet or plumbing fixture is leaking... 289 16.5 Bathtub or shower enclosure doors leak... 290 16.6 Tap water supply is inadequate... 291 16.7 Supply and drain pipes are noisy... 292 30 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Plumbing continued 16.8 Plumbing pipes are frozen or have burst... 293 Fireplaces Plumbing Electrical 16.9 Condensation appears on water supply pipes and toilets... 294 16.10 Plumbing fixtures, trim and/or fittings are defective... 295 16.11 Toilet takes more than one flush to empty... 296 16.12 Sewers, drains or fixtures are blocked... 297 16.13 Cracks, chips or scratches exist in porcelain, enamel, acrylic, solid composite or fibreglass surfaces... 298 16.14 Solid surface (i.e. manufactured marble) with integrated wash basin has cracked at the drain... 299 Electrical 16.15 Electrical outlets or switches do not work... 300 16.16 Electrical fixture does not work... 301 16.17 Electric circuit breakers trip repeatedly... 302 16.18 Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI) trips frequently... 303 16.19 Ceiling mounted fan vibrates and is noisy... 304 16.20 Receptacle or switch cover is not flush and plumb with the wall... 305 16.21 Light fixtures are discoloured... 306 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 31

Table of Contents Chapter 17 Interior Climate Control 17.1 Air is leaking through windows and/or exterior doors... 309 17.2 Draft is felt at exterior wall electrical outlet or wall switch... 310 17.3 Kitchen or bath fans allow cold air infiltration (drafts)... 311 17.4 Moisture is dripping from exhaust fans... 312 17.5 Condensation or frost appears on windows... 313 17.6 Condensation on interior ductwork and air handling equipment... 314 17.7 Insulation is insufficient... 315 17.8 Difference in heat from one living area to the next during the heating season... 316 17.9 Heating system is inadequate... 317 17.10 Furnace is running excessively... 318 17.11 Furnace makes unusual noises or is too noisy... 319 17.12 Cooling system is inadequate... 320 17.13 Ductwork is noisy... 321 17.14 Ductwork makes noise when floor is walked upon, commonly referred to as oil-canning... 322 17.15 Ductwork comes apart... 323 17.16 Condensate line is blocked...324 17.17 Air conditioning coolant line leaks...325 32 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Table of Contents Interior Climate Control continued 17.18 Gaps exist between heat registers, cold air return grills, ventilation grills and the adjacent surfaces...326 17.19 There are temperature variations (or hot & cold spots) in the floor of an electric in-floor warming system...327 17.20 There are temperature variations (or hot & cold spots) in the floor of a hydronic in-floor warming system...328 17.21 Sounds inside or outside of the suite or home are too loud...329 Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 33

Exterior Elements 1.0 Chapter 1 Exterior Elements Site Work Chapter 1.1 Exterior deck is springy or shaky... 35 1.2 Exterior deck elevation has changed... 36 1.3 Exterior wood handrails and/or guards have slivers... 37 1.4 Deck board spacing is not uniform... 38 1.5 Movement is noticeable on exterior deck railing... 39 1.6 Floor decking boards are split, warped or cupped... 40 1.7 Fasteners stick up on deck surfaces... 41 1.8 Stain colour varies on wood deck... 42 1.9 Stains exist on exterior decking from fasteners... 43 1.10 Water is ponding on solid surface of deck... 44 1.11 Water is ponding on the surface of the site... 45 1.12 Water is ponding at or near the foundation... 46 1.13 Window well not at the correct height... 47 1.14 Lawn, trees, shrubs or plants have died... 48 34 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Exterior Elements 1.35 Exterior deck is springy or shaky. Acceptable Performance Minor deck movement is acceptable when all structural members including beams and joists are sized, installed and fastened in accordance with the ABC. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. Decks built by the builder that do not meet the acceptable performance conditions shall be repaired. Even when installed in accordance with the ABC, decks are typically unrestrained on one, two or even three sides. Slight movement may occur under normal use and is acceptable. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 35

Exterior Elements 1.2 Exterior deck elevation has changed. Acceptable Performance Sealed deck surfaces are designed to have a positive slope away from the home. Slope is not of consequence for decks using conventionally spaced deck boards that allow for drainage. Typical sealed deck slope is 2 inches (50 mm) over 12 feet (3.65 m). Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. The builder shall repair a sealed deck which has developed a negative slope that could direct water towards the home. In multi-family construction where stacked decks exist, lumber shrinkage or settlement may affect the slope of the deck. Frost heave or excessive settlement of deck supports caused by improper surface water management by the homeowner is not considered a Warrantable Defect. Refer to Section 1.10: Water ponding on solid surface decks. 2 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Exterior Elements 1.3 Exterior wood handrails and/or guards have slivers. Acceptable Performance At possession, handrail surfaces intended to be grasped shall not have slivers. Workmanship and Materials Warranty when identified on COP. See Warranty certificate for details. The builder shall repair handrail slivers identified on COP. This condition is warranted only where the defect is identified on COP in regard to work or material supplied by the builder. Bare wood will produce slivers from normal wear and tear over time. Small slivers can develop from weathering and can be removed by sanding as part of Homeowner Maintenance. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 3

Exterior Elements 1.4 Deck board spacing is not uniform. Acceptable Performance At possession, deck boards forming the walking surface shall be spaced to provide a generally uniform appearance. Workmanship and Materials Warranty when identified on COP. See Warranty certificate for details. Deck boards not meeting the acceptable performance conditions on COP shall be repaired. Dimensional wood deck boards are exposed to constant wetting and drying which will induce natural swelling and shrinkage of the wood. This may result in deck board spacing that is not uniform. This is normal and acceptable. 4 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Exterior Elements 1.5 Movement is noticeable on exterior deck railing. Acceptable Performance Minor movement of exterior deck guards and railings is acceptable when designed and installed in accordance with the ABC. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. Deck guards and railings that do not meet the acceptable performance condition shall be repaired. Even when installed in accordance with the ABC, slight movement in railings and guards may occur under normal use and is acceptable. Railings should return to their original position when subjected to the adjacent forces to which they were designed. The selected design of a railing or guard can affect rigidity. Railings that are laterally supported or pinned will inherently exhibit more rigidity than railings that are not. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 5

Exterior Elements 1.6 Floor decking boards are split, warped or cupped. Acceptable Performance Deck floor boards may split, warp or cup with exposure to the natural environment; however, the condition of the deck floor shall be generally uniform. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. Deck floor boards not meeting the acceptable performance condition shall be repaired or replaced. Deck floor boards shall be fastened securely to minimize warping and cupping. Dimensional wood deck flooring boards are more susceptible to cracking, warping and cupping than manmade composite decking materials. With dimensional wood exposed to the elements, the condition cannot reasonably be prevented. The finish on flat woodwork is not a Warrantable Defect. When replacement boards are necessary, the builder should attempt to match the existing deck boards closely but replaced boards will look new. This is acceptable. 6 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Exterior Elements 1.7 Fasteners stick up on deck surfaces. Acceptable Performance Fasteners shall be set generally flush or slightly recessed. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. Fasteners which protrude above decking and do not meet the acceptable performance condition shall be repaired. In order to minimize the volume of water that each hole potentially holds, fasteners are not deeply recessed. Typically, it is not the fastener that rises but rather the lumber dries and shrinks away from the fasteners. The occasional fastener that protrudes can easily be reset as part of routine homeowner maintenance. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 7

Exterior Elements 1.42 Stain colour varies on wood deck. Acceptable Performance The stain on a wood deck shall appear generally uniform in colour at possession. Colour variations are acceptable when changing from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane (i.e. from a vertical guard or fence to a horizontal deck). Workmanship and Materials Warranty when identified on COP. See Warranty certificate for details. The builder shall repair stain not meeting the acceptable performance conditions on COP. Localized repairs are acceptable. Exterior wood stain offers a general colour but the final effect of colour is dependent upon the grain structure of the wood, whether it is rough sawn or sanded, whether the wood has been prepped with a primer or sealer, and especially the natural variations in the wood itself. The same colour, applied to the same substrate, will exhibit a difference in shade from vertical to horizontal. Stain which is exposed to direct sunlight will tend to fade faster than those areas protected by shade. When a stain is exposed to direct sunlight, the amount and type of pigment in the stain will determine how quickly it will react to sunlight. Generally, solid stains and darker coloured stains will tend to fade or oxidize faster than transparent stains in lighter colours. Horizontal deck surfaces are considered normal wear surfaces and are not Warrantable Defects. 42 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Exterior Elements 1.4 Stains exist on exterior decking from fasteners. Acceptable Performance Builders shall use deck fasteners that are compatible with the deck material being used. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. Deck fasteners not meeting the acceptable performance condition shall be replaced. Galvanized, coated and stainless steel connectors will all lose their initial lustre over time; this is normal and acceptable. A watermark can result from repeated exposure to wetting and mineral deposition. This should not be interpreted as the fastener corroding. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 43

Exterior Elements 1.44 Water is ponding on solid surface of deck. Acceptable Performance Solid surface decks (including vinyl sheet) provided by the builder shall be designed and installed to avoid excessive water ponding. Some incidental ponding after a rain is to be expected on solid surface decks. An area of water that exceeds 4 square feet (0.37 square meters), a depth of 1/8 inch (3 mm), and remains standing in excess of 30 minutes after a rainfall is considered excessive. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. Solid surface decks that do not meet the acceptable performance condition shall be repaired. Edge flashing and seams will accumulate minor ponding along their length and this is acceptable. 44 The Alberta New Home Warranty Program

Exterior Elements 1.4 Water is ponding on the surface of the site. Acceptable Performance The lot shall not exhibit areas of significant settlement, such as those over a utility trench. Standing water that may affect the home shall drain away within 24 hours after rainfall. Workmanship and Materials Warranty. See Warranty certificate for details. If an area of settlement exceeds 6 inches (150 mm), the builder shall provide clay fill material within the first year. Placement is the responsibility of the homeowner. After the first year, the homeowner is responsible for maintaining the finished site grading as per municipal requirements (if applicable) to ensure ponding water does not affect the premises or the neighbouring properties. Ponding may occur because final grading may not always be finished at possession. The builder should be contacted immediately, in writing, if soil subsidence produces a negative slope towards the home. Landscaping elements installed by the homeowner should reflect the surface water management patterns established by the builder. These elements are the homeowner s responsibility to remove and replace in order to facilitate repairs. Homeowners should practice Surface Water Management when considering their overall landscape plan. Workmanship & Material Reference Guide 45