NASA STI Program... in Profile

NASA STI Program... in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the advancement of aeronautics and space science. The NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain this important role. The NASA STI Program provides access to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database, the largest collection of aeronautical and space science in the world. The STI Program is also NASA s institutional mechanism for disseminating the results of its research and development activities. These results are published by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following report types: TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or major significant phases of research that present the results of NASA programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed of continuing reference value. NASA counterpart of peer-reviewed formal professional papers, but has less stringent limitations on manuscript length and extent of graphic presentations. TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientific and technical findings that are of preliminary or specialized interest, e.g., quick release reports, working papers, and bibliographies that contain minimal annotation. Does not contain extensive analysis. CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific and technical findings by NASA-sponsored contractors and grantees. CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected papers from scientific and technical conferences, symposia, seminars, or other meetings sponsored or co-sponsored by NASA. SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, technical, or historical information from NASA programs, projects, and missions, often concerned with subjects having substantial public interest. TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. Englishlanguage translations of foreign scientific and technical material pertinent to NASA s mission. Specialized services that help round out the STI Program s diverse offerings include creating custom thesauri, building customized databases, organizing and publishing research results... even providing videos. The NASA STI Program is managed by the NASA STI Program Office (STIPO). STIPO is the administrative office at Langley Research Center for the NASA STI Program. For more information about the NASA STI Program, you can: Access the NASA STI Program Home Page at http://www.sti.nasa.gov E-mail your question via the Internet to help@sti.nasa.gov Fax your question to the NASA STI Help Desk at (301) 621-0134 Telephone the NASA STI Help Desk at (301) 621-0390 Write to: NASA STI Help Desk NASA Center for AeroSpace Information 7121 Standard Drive Hanover, MD 21076-1320

Introduction Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) is an online information resource listing citations and abstracts of NASA and world wide aerospace-related STI. Updated biweekly, STAR highlights the most recent additions to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. Through this resource, the NASA STI Program provides timely access to the most current aerospace-related Research & Development (R&D) results. STAR subject coverage includes all aspects of aeronautics and space research and development, supporting basic and applied research, and application, as well as aerospace aspects of Earth resources, energy development, conservation, oceanography, environmental protection, urban transportation and other topics of high national priority. The listing is arranged first by 11 broad subject divisions, then within these divisions by 76 subject categories and includes two indexes: subject and author. STAR includes citations to Research & Development (R&D) results reported in: NASA, NASA contractor, and NASA grantee reports Reports issued by other U.S. Government agencies, domestic and foreign institution, universities, and private firms Translations NASA-owned patents and patent applications Other U.S. Government agency and foreign patents and patent applications Domestic and foreign dissertations and theses The NASA STI Program The NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program was established to support the objectives of NASA s missions and research to advance aeronautics and space science. By sharing information, the NASA STI Program ensures that the U.S. maintains its preeminence in aerospace-related industries and education, minimizes duplication of research, and increases research productivity. Through the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI), the NASA STI Program acquires, processes, archives, announces and disseminates both NASA s internal STI and worldwide STI. The results of 20th and 21st century aeronautics and aerospace research and development, a worldwide investment totaling billions of dollars, have been captured, organized, and stored in the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. New information is continually announced and made available as it is acquired, making this a dynamic and historical collection of value to business, industry, academia, federal institutions, and the general public. The STI Program offers products and tools that allow efficient access to the wealth of information derived from global R&D efforts. In addition, customized services are available to help tailor this valuable resource to meet your specific needs. For more information on the most up to date NASA STI, visit the STI Program s website at http://www.sti.nasa.gov.

NASA STI Availability Information NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI) Through NASA CASI, the NASA STI Program offers many information products and services to the aerospace community and to the public, including access to a selection of full text of the NASA STI. Free registration with the program is available to NASA, U.S. Government agencies and contractors. To register, contact CASI at help@sti.nasa.gov. Others should visit the program at www.sti.nasa.gov. The search selected databases button provides access to the NASA Technical Reports Server (TRS) the publicly available contents of the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. Each citation in STAR indicates a Source of Availability. When CASI is indicated, the user can order this information directly from CASI using the STI Online Order Form or contact help@sti.nasa.gov or telephone the CASI Help Desk at 301-621-0390. Before ordering you may access price code tables for STI documents and videos. When information is not available from CASI, the source of the information is indicated when known. NASA STI is also available to the public through Federal information organizations. NASA CASI disseminates publicly available NASA STI to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) and to the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) through the Government Printing Office (GPO). In addition, NASA patents are available online from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The National Technical Information Service serves the American public as a central resource for unlimited, unclassified U.S. Government scientific, technical, engineering, and business related information. For more than 50 years NTIS has provided businesses, universities, and the public timely access to well over 2 million publications covering over 350 subject areas. Visit NTIS at http://www.ntis.gov. The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) The U.S. Congress established the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) to ensure access by the American public to U.S. Government information. The program acquires and disseminates information products from all three branches of the U.S. Government to nearly 1,300 Federal depository libraries nationwide. The libraries maintain these information products as part of their existing collections and are responsible for assuring that the public has free access to the information. Locate the Federal Depository Libraries http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office provides online access to full text patents and patent applications. The database includes patents back to 1976 plus some pre-1975 patents. Visit the USPTO at http://www.uspto.gov/patft/.

Table of Contents Subject Divisions/Categories Document citations are grouped by division and then by category, according to the NASA Scope and Coverage Category Guide. Aeronautics 01 Aeronautics (General)... 1 02 Aerodynamics... 1 03 Air Transportation and Safety... 4 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation... 8 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance... 9 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power... 15 08 Aircraft Stability and Control... 16 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air)... 17 Astronautics 12 Astronautics (General)... 18 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space)... 19 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations... 19 16 Space Transportation and Safety... 20 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking... 20 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance... 21 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power... 24 Chemistry and Materials 23 Chemistry and Materials (General)... 29 24 Composite Materials... 32 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry... 34 26 Metals and Metallic Materials... 37 27 Nonmetallic Materials... 38 28 Propellants and Fuels... 40 29 Space Processing... 40 Engineering 31 Engineering (General)... 41 32 Communications and Radar... 43 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering... 50 34 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics... 52 35 Instrumentation and Photography... 54 36 Lasers and Masers... 57 37 Mechanical Engineering... 58 39 Structural Mechanics... 60

Geosciences 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing... 61 44 Energy Production and Conversion... 62 45 Environment Pollution... 62 46 Geophysics... 70 47 Meteorology and Climatology... 71 Life Sciences 51 Life Sciences (General)... 74 52 Aerospace Medicine... 107 53 Behavioral Sciences... 108 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support... 108 55 Exobiology... 110 Mathematical and Computer Sciences 59 Mathematical and Computer Sciences (General)... 111 60 Computer Operations and Hardware... 118 61 Computer Programming and Software... 121 62 Computer Systems... 145 63 Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics... 170 64 Numerical Analysis... 173 65 Statistics and Probability... 178 66 Systems Analysis and Operations Research... 179 67 Theoretical Mathematics... 182 Physics 70 Physics (General)... 183 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics... 185 74 Optics... 186 75 Plasma Physics... 187 76 Solid-State Physics... 188 77 Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields... 188 Social and Information Sciences 80 Social and Information Sciences (General)... 189 81 Administration and Management... 190 82 Documentation and Information Science... 196 84 Law, Political Science and Space Policy... 205 Space Sciences 89 Astronomy... 206 90 Astrophysics... 210 91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration... 213 93 Space Radiation... 215

General 99 General... 215 Indexes Two indexes are available. You may use the find command under the tools menu while viewing the PDF file for direct match searching on any text string. You may also select either of the two indexes provided for linking to the corresponding document citation from NASA Thesaurus terms and personal author names. Subject Term Index Personal Index

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AEROSPACE REPORTS A Biweekly Publication of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration VOLUME 43, JANUARY 14, 2005 01 AERONAUTICS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to manned and unmanned aircraft and the problems of flight within the Earth s atmosphere. Also includes manufacturing, maintenance, and repair of aircraft. For specific topics in aeronautics, see categories 02 through 09. For information related to space vehicles see 12 Astronautics. 20050010186 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area Woodward, Richard P.; Hughes, Christopher E.; November 2004; 24 pp.; In English; 43rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 10-13 Jan. 2005, Reno, NV, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-781-30-08 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213396; AIAA Paper 2005-1201; E-14899; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy An advanced model turbofan (typical of current engine technology) was tested in the NASA Glenn 9 by 15 Foot Low Speed Wind Tunnel (9-by 15-Foot LSWT) to explore far field acoustic effects of increased bypass nozzle area. This fan stage test was part of the NASA Glenn Fan Broadband Source Diagnostic Test, second entry (SDT2) which acquired aeroacoustic results over a range of test conditions. The baseline nozzle was sized to produce maximum stage performance for the engine at a high altitude, cruise point condition. However, the wind tunnel testing is conducted near sea level conditions. Therefore, in order to simulate and obtain performance at other aircraft operating conditions, two additional nozzles were designed and tested-one with a +5 percent increase in weight flow (+5.4 percent increase in nozzle area compared with the baseline nozzle), sized to simulate the performance at the stage design point conditions, and the other with a +7.5 percent increase in weight flow (+10.9 percent increase in nozzle area), sized for maximum weight flow with a fixed nozzle at sea level conditions. Measured acoustic benefits with increased nozzle area were very encouraging, showing overall sound power level (OAPWL) reductions of 2 or more db while the stage thrust actually increased by several percentage points except fro the most open nozzle at takeoff rotor speed where stage performance decreased. These noise reduction benefits were seen to primarily affect broadband noise, and were evident throughout the range of measured sideline angles. Aeroacoustics; Aircraft Noise; Noise Reduction; Broadband 02 AERODYNAMICS Includes aerodynamics of flight vehicles, test bodies, airframe components and combinations, wings, and control surfaces. Also includes aerodynamics of rotors, stators, fans, and other elements of turbomachinery. For related information see also 34 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics. 20050009924 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator Acree, C. W., Jr.; Hoffman, Krishna; [2004]; 11 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society 4th Decennial Specialist s Conference on Aeromechanics, 21-23 Jan. 2004, San Francisco, CA, USA; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources A proposed new class of aircraft - the Advanced Theater Transport (ATT) will combine strategic range and high payload with Super-STOL (short take-off and landing) capability. It is also proposed to modify a YC-15 into a technology demonstrator with a 20-deg tilt wing; four, eight-bladed propellers; cross-shafted gearboxes and V-22 engines. These constitute a unique combination of design features that potentially affect performance, loads and whirl-mode stability (whirl flutter). NASA Ames Research Center is working with Boeing and Hamilton Sundstrand on technology challenges presented by the concept; the purpose of NASA involvement is to establish requirements for the demonstrator and for early design guidance, 1

with emphasis on whirl flutter. CAMRAD II is being used to study the effects of various design features on whirl flutter, with special attention to areas where such features differ from existing aircraft, notably tiltrotors. Although the stability margins appear to be more than adequate, the concept requires significantly different analytical methods, principally including far more blade modes, than typically used for tiltrotors. Flutter; Rotor Aerodynamics; Tilt Wing Aircraft; Tilt Rotor Aircraft 20050009941 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Historical Overview of Research on Lift-Generated Vortex Wakes Rossow, Vernon J.; June 15, 2001; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 727-01-22; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only A historical overview is presented of research conducted on the structure and modification of the vortices generated by the lifting surfaces of subsonic transport aircraft. Although primarily presented from an experimental point of view, the use of relatively compact theoretical formulations and concepts are used to indicate the progress made. It is pointed out that the first objective of the research is to reduce the magnitude of the hazard potential posed by the wakes of aircraft by modifying the aerodynamics of the wake-generating aircraft. A secondary objective is to develop the technology that will make it possible to safely avoid vortex wakes in the airport environment for increased capacity. If either or both objectives are achieved, the hazard posed by vortex wakes should have a greatly reduced impact on the operational capacity of airports for landings and takeoffs. Since a satisfactory solution to either of these two goals have not yet been achieved, the last part of the presentation will be devoted to a discussion of some requirements that have been placed on any prospective solution to either goal, if is to be acceptable. The material to be used in the presentation is published in the open literature. Vortices; Transport Aircraft; Subsonic Speed; Aerodynamics; Takeoff 20050009948 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Historical Overview of Research on Lift-Generated Vortex Wakes Rossow, Vernon J.; June 15, 2001; 1 pp.; In English; Colloquium on the Dynamics of Trailing Vortices, 21-22 Mar. 2002, Aachen, Germany Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 727-01-22; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only A historical overview is presented of research conducted on the structure and modification of the vortices generated by the lifting surfaces of subsonic transport aircraft. Although primarily presented from an experimental point of view, the use of relatively compact theoretical formulations and concepts are used to indicate the progress made. It is pointed out that the first objective of the research is to reduce the magnitude of the hazard potential posed by the wakes of aircraft by modifying the aerodynamics of the wake-generating aircraft. A secondary objective is to develop the technology that will make it possible to safely avoid vortex wakes in the airport environment for increased capacity. If either or both objectives are achieved, the hazard posed by vortex wakes should have a greatly reduced impact on the operational capacity of airports for landings and takeoffs. Since a satisfactory solution to either of these two goals have not yet been achieved, the last part of the presentation will be devoted to a discussion of some requirements that have been placed on any prospective solution to either goal, if is to be acceptable. The material to be used in the presentation is published in the open literature. Vortices; Transport Aircraft; Subsonic Speed; Aerodynamics; Takeoff 20050010091 National Transportation Safety Board, Washington, DC Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year 2000 Jun. 17, 2004; 76 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2004-106609; NTSB/ARC-04/01; NOTATION-7502A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy The National Transportation Safety Board s Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations is a statistical review of U.S. commercial aviation accidents that occurred in calendar year 2000. In addition to accident statistics, the review provides general economic and aviation industry indicators that may have influenced aircraft activity during the year. Accident data for the 9 years proceeding calendar year 2000 provide an historical context. NTIS Aircraft Accidents; Air Transportation; Airline Operations 2

20050010242 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA The Influence of Fin Rigidity on the Force Production in the Bird-Wrasse: A Computational Study Ramamurti, Ravi, ; Sandberg, William C., ; Nov. 2004; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427783; NRL/MR/6410-04-8840; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The three-dimensional unsteady computations of fish swimming with oscillating and deforming fins of varying rigidity were carried out. The objective of these variable rigidity computations was to investigate the importance of fin deformation of the fluid dynamics of force production. An unstructured grid-based unsteady Navier-Stokes solver with automatic adaptive remeshing was used to compute the flow about the wrasse through several complete cycles of pectoral fin oscillation for each of the fins studied. The computations show that when the fin is made rigid by specifying the motion with just the leading edge of the fin tip, the thrust produced during the upstroke is less than half of the peak thrust produced by the flexible cases. During the downstroke, the rigid fin and the fin with the motion prescribed with only the leading and trailing edges produced no positive thrust, while all the flexible cases considered reproduced the thrust production of the fully deformable fin. In the case of the rigid fin, there is a substantial penalty in lift during the upstroke. Fins; Fishes 20050010352 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia DSPFRC - Force and Moment Data Display and Monitoring Program for the Low Speed Wind Tunnel at DSTO Lam, Stephen, ; Blandford, Adam, ; Jun. 2004; 25 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428042; DSTO-GD-0396; DODA-AR-013-134; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy DSTO operates a low speed wind tunnel within the Air Vehicles Division of the Platforms Sciences Laboratory. Airspeeds up to approximately 100 m/s can be produced in the empty test section which is 2.7 m wide by 2.1 m high. Realtime display of acquired test data from the wind tunnel is important for providing feedback to the project manager and test engineer. A software package called DSPFRC was developed for this purpose, giving a graphical display of the force and moment coefficients. This document provides details of the software and its operation. It also provides information on programming and development considerations of the software. Low Speed Wind Tunnels; Rates (Per Time); Wind Tunnels 20050019224 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation Scott, James R.; December 2004; 20 pp.; In English; 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and RD/D Exposition, 13-19 Nov. 2004, Anaheim, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-781-30-09 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213386; IMECE2004-59865; E-14894; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy NASA has conducted a series of Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Workshops on Benchmark Problems to develop a set of realistic CAA problems that can be used for code validation. In the Third (1999) and Fourth (2003) Workshops, the single airfoil gust response problem, with real geometry effects, was included as one of the benchmark problems. Respondents were asked to calculate the airfoil RMS pressure and far-field acoustic intensity for different airfoil geometries and a wide range of gust frequencies. This paper presents the validated that have been obtained to the benchmark problem, and in addition, compares them with classical flat plate results. It is seen that airfoil geometry has a strong effect on the airfoil unsteady pressure, and a significant effect on the far-field acoustic intensity. Those parts of the benchmark problem that have not yet been adequately solved are identified and presented as a challenge to the CAA research community. Aeroacoustics; Gusts; Aircraft Noise; Airfoils; Dynamic Response; Airfoil Profiles 3

03 AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; airport ground operations; flight safety and hazards; and aircraft accidents. Systems and hardware specific to ground operations of aircraft and to airport construction are covered in 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air). Air traffic control is covered in 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation. 20050000118 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Noise Mitigation Controller Tools Tobias, Leonard; [2001]; 1 pp.; In English; Air Traffic Control Association 2001 International Technical Conference and Exhibits, 19 Jul. 2001, Dublin, Ireland, UK; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only During the past decade, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been developing and evaluating a suite of decision support tools (DSTs) to aid the air traffic controller in the management of traffic. These tools are known collectively as the Center/TRACON Automation System (CTAS). The primary focus of CTAS is increased capacity. As part of a new NASA program called Quiet Aircraft Technology (QAT), the following question is being addressed: Can CTAS technology also support the noise mitigation requirements imposed by the community? Controllers currently support a variety of low noise procedures in low traffic densities but, as traffic increases, these must be abandoned due to excessive spacing requirements for vectoring or inter-arrival spacing requirements needed to handle a spectrum of low noise procedures. NASA is currently investigating how to provide controllers with noise-mitigation-based advisories which address these issues without negatively impacting capacity. These issues are of global concern which must be addressed as the demand for air travel continues to increase. Air Traffıc Controllers (Personnel); Decision Support Systems; Low Noise; NASA Programs 20050009875 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment Lee, Katharine K.; Davis, Thomas J.; Levin, Kerry M.; Rowe, Dennis W.; [2001]; 1 pp.; In English; 4th International USA/Europe ATM R and D Seminar, 2001; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) is a decision-support tool for traffic managers and air traffic controllers that provides traffic flow visualization and other flow management tools. TMA creates an efficiently sequenced and safely spaced schedule for arrival traffic that meets but does not exceed specified airspace system constraints. TMA is being deployed at selected facilities throughout the National Airspace System in the US as part of the FAA s Free Flight Phase 1 program. TMA development and testing, and its current deployment, focuses on managing the arrival capacity for single major airports within single terminal areas and single en route centers. The next phase of development for this technology is the expansion of the TMA capability to complex facilities in which a terminal area or airport is fed by multiple en route centers, thus creating a multicenter TMA functionality. The focus of the multi-center TMA (McTMA) development is on the busy facilities in the Northeast comdor of the US. This paper describes the planning and development of McTMA and the challenges associated with adapting a successful traffic flow management tool for a very complex airspace. Free Flight; Traffıc Control; National Airspace System; Air Transportation 20050009942 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance Green, Steven; Vivona, Robert; Coppenbarger, Richard; [2005]; 1 pp.; In English; AIAA GNC Conference, August 2001, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 727-01-25; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The En-route Descent Advisor (EDA) is a suite of decision support tool (DST) capabilities for en route sector subject to metering restrictions such as those generated by the Center TRACON Automation System (CTAS) Traffic Management Advisor. EDA assists controllers with high-density arrival metering by providing fuel-efficient metering-conformance advisories, integrated with conflict detection and resolution (CD&R) capabilities, to minimize deviations from the user s preferred trajectory. These DST capabilities will enable controllers to change their procedures from ones that are oriented towards sector management to procedures oriented towards trajectory management. Although adaptable to current procedures and airspace structure, EDA is intended as a tool for transitioning traffic from a Free Flight environment to an efficiently 4

organized flow into terminal airspace. This paper describes the transition airspace problem and EDA concept, defines the key benefit mechanisms that will be enabled by EDA capabilities, and presents a traffic scenario to illustrate the use of the tool. Automatic Control; Decision Support Systems; Descent; Arrivals; Routes; Airspace 20050009944 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator Sallant, Ghislain; DeGennaro, Robert A.; March 19, 2001; 1 pp.; In English; AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference, 6-9 Aug. 2001, Montreal, Canada; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The NASA Ames Research Center CAE Boeing 747300 flight simulator is used primarily for the study of human factors in aviation safety. The simulator is constantly upgraded to maintain a configuration match to a specific United Airlines aircraft and maintains the highest level of FAA certification to ensure credibility to the results of research programs. United s 747-400 fleet and hence the simulator are transitioning from the older Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) to the state-of-the-art Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System (EGPWS). GPWS was an early attempt to reduce or eliminate Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT). Basic GPWS alerting modes include: excessive descent rate, excessive terrain closure rate, altitude loss after takeoff, unsafe terrain clearance, excessive deviation below glideslope, advisory callouts and windshear alerting. However, since GPWS uses the radar altimeter which looks straight down, ample warning is not always provided. EGPWS retains all of the basic functions of GPWS but adds the ability to look ahead by comparing the aircraft position to an internal database and provide additional alerting and display capabilities. This paper evaluates three methods of incorporating EGPWS in the simulator and describes the implementation and architecture of the preferred option. Flight Simulators; Aircraft Safety; Flight Control; Flight Safety; Warning Systems 20050009945 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System Erzberger, Heinz; [2000]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The air transportation system is on the verge of gridlock, with delays and cancelled flights this summer reaching all time highs. As demand for air transportation continues to increase, the capacity needed to accommodate the growth in traffic is falling farther and farther behind. Moreover, it has become increasingly apparent that the present system cannot be scaled up to provide the capacity increases needed to meet demand over the next 25 years. NASA, working with the Federal Aviation Administration and industry, is pursuing a major research program to develop air traffic management technologies that have the ultimate goal of doubling capacity while increasing safety and efficiency. This seminar will describe how the current system operates, what its limitations are and why a revolutionary shift in paradigm is needed to overcome fundamental limitations in capacity and safety. For the near term, NASA has developed a portfolio of software tools for air traffic controllers, called the Center-TRACON Automation System (CTAS), that provides modest gains in capacity and efficiency while staying within the current paradigm. The outline of a concept for the long term, with a deployment date of 2015 at the earliest, has recently been formulated and presented by NASA to a select group of industry and government stakeholders. Automated decision making software, combined with an Internet in the sky that enables sharing of information and distributes control between the cockpit and the ground, is key to this concept. However, its most revolutionary feature is a fundamental change in the roles and responsibilities assigned to air traffic controllers. Air Traffıc Control; Air Traffıc Controllers (Personnel); Automatic Control; Decision Making; Safety 20050010076 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools for Noise Mitigation Tobias, Leonard; [2001]; 1 pp.; In English; Airport Noise Symposium 2001, 26-28 Feb. 2001, San Diego, CA, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only NASA has initiated a new five year program this year, the Quiet Aircraft Technology (QAT) Program, a program which will investigate airframe and engine system noise reduction. QAT will also address community noise impact. As part of this community noise impact component, NASA will investigate air traffic management (ATM) challenges in reducing noise. In particular, controller advisory automation aids will be developed to aid the air traffic controller in addressing noise concerns as he/she manages traffic in busy terminal areas. NASA has developed controller automation tools to address capacity concerns and the QAT strategy for ATM Low Noise Operations is to build upon this tool set to create added advisories for noise 5

mitigation. The tools developed for capacity will be briefly reviewed, followed by the QAT plans to address ATM noise concerns. A major NASA goal in global civil aviation is to triple the aviation system throughput in all-weather conditions while maintaining safety. A centerpiece of this activity is the Center/TRACON Automation System (CTAS), an evolving suite of air traffic controller decision support tools (DSTs) to enhance capacity of arrivals and departures in both the enroute center and the TRACON. Two of these DSTs, the Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) and the passive Final approach Spacing Tool (pfast), are in daily use at the Fort Worth Center and the Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) TRACON, respectively, where capacity gains of 5-13% have been reported in recent NASA evaluations. Under the Federal Aviation Administration s (FAA) Free Flight Phase One Program, TMA and pfast are each being implemented at six to eight additional sites. In addition, other DSTs are being developed by NASA under the umbrella of CTAS. This means that new software will be built upon CTAS, and the paradigm of real-time simulation evaluation followed by field site development and evaluation will be the pathway for the new tools. Additional information is included in the original extended abstract. Air Traffıc Control; Decision Support Systems; Noise Reduction; Aircraft Noise 20050010123 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research Lee, Katharine K.; Kerns, Karol; Bone, Randall; [2001]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The measurement of operational acceptability is important for the development, implementation, and evolution of air traffic management decision support tools. The Controller Acceptance Rating Scale was developed at NASA Ames Research Center for the development and evaluation of the Passive Final Approach Spacing Tool. CARS was modeled after a well-known pilot evaluation rating instrument, the Cooper-Harper Scale, and has since been used in the evaluation of the User Request Evaluation Tool, developed by MITRE s Center for Advanced Aviation System Development. In this paper, we provide a discussion of the development of CARS and an analysis of the empirical data collected with CARS to examine construct validity. Results of intraclass correlations indicated statistically significant reliability for the CARS. From the subjective workload data that were collected in conjunction with the CARS, it appears that the expected set of workload attributes was correlated with the CARS. As expected, the analysis also showed that CARS was a sensitive indicator of the impact of decision support tools on controller operations. Suggestions for future CARS development and its improvement are also provided. Air Traffıc Control; Decision Support Systems; Pilot Ratings; Cooper-Harper Ratings; Systems Engineering 20050010171 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Next Generation CTAS Tools Erzberger, Heinz; [2000]; 1 pp.; In English; Technical Interchange Meeting, 23-26 May 2000, Amsterdam, Netherlands Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 727-01-24; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The FAA s Free Flight Phase 1 Office is in the process of deploying the current generation of CTAS tools, which are the Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) and the passive Final Approach Spacing Tool (pfast), at selected centers and airports. Research at NASA is now focussed on extending the CTAS software and computer human interfaces to provide more advanced capabilities. The Multi-center TMA (McTMA) is designed to operate at airports where arrival flows originate from two or more centers whose boundaries are in close proximity to the TRACON boundary. McTMA will also include techniques for routing arrival flows away from congested airspace and around airspace reserved for arrivals into other hub airports. NASA is working with FAA and MITRE to build a prototype McTMA for the Philadelphia airport. The active Final Approach Spacing Tool (afast) provides speed and heading advisories to help controllers achieve accurate spacing between aircraft on final approach. These advisories will be integrated with those in the existing pfast to provide a set of comprehensive advisories for controlling arrival traffic from the TRACON boundary to touchdown at complex, high-capacity airports. A research prototype of afast, designed for the Dallas-Fort Worth is in an advanced stage of development. The Expedite Departure Path (EDP) and Direct-To tools are designed to help controllers guide departing aircraft out of the TRACON airspace and to climb to cruise altitude along the most efficient routes. Software Development Tools; Air Traffıc Control; Free Flight; Airports 20050010226 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA Air-to-Ground Battle for Italy McCarthy, Michael C., ; Aug. 2004; 112 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427734; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy 6

The story of a young fighter pilot from basic training through the end of the war in Europe, this short memoir is a welcome addition to the literature of World War II aviation. It is noteworthy for a number of reasons. It illuminates the world of tactical aviation, which has taken a backseat to stories of strategic bombing and air superiority combat. It takes place in a theater of war often considered a backwater when compared to the events in Western Europe or the Central Pacific. Perhaps most importantly, it combines the immediacy of contemporary impressions with the reflections possible after a long and distinguished Air Force career. Italy; Military Operations 20050010363 Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards AFB, CA USA The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation Adelgren, Russell, ; Minor, John, ; Warner, David, ; Doster, Jason, ; Nov. 2004; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428090; AFFTC-PA-04211; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The USA Air Force (USAF) Test Pilot School, the Engineering Directorate, and the 452nd Flight Test Squadron all within the 412th Test Wing of the Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards Air Force Base, have teamed together to develop an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flight test training course. This paper briefly describes the development of the course and presents the major elements of the course. Evaluation; Flight Tests; Flight Training; Pilotless Aircraft; Remotely Piloted Vehicles; System Effectiveness 20050010381 Logistics Management Inst., McLean, VA USA Reducing Aircraft Down for Lack of Parts with Sporadic Demand Bachman, Tovey C., ; Jun. 2004; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): 0979-15-01-01 Report No.(s): AD-A428159; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In the military aerospace environment, certain repair parts are infrequently demanded, but stocked because they are essential to maintaining a weapon system critical to the war-fighter. Because of their sporadic demand, it is difficult to decide when to buy these items and in what quantities. As systems become more reliable and failure rates decrease, the number of these infrequently demanded parts is likely to grow. Earlier studies found the Peak ordering policy the author invented significantly reduced wholesale wait-time and backorders. Rigorous new experiments confirm the benefits of the Peak policy, and show it can reduce retail wait-time and backorders as well. By considering the distribution of retail backorders over an aircraft squadron, we estimate the resulting reduction in the number of aircraft down for lack of parts. We also analyze the policy s near-term effect on inventory value and procurement workload after 5 years of development and review, the Peak policy is mature enough for implementation. Downtime; Policies; Spare Parts 20050010394 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft Dreyfuss, David, ; Shipbaugh, Calvin, ; Hagen, Jeff, ; Buenneke, Richard, ; Jan. 1995; 74 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA903-91-C-0006 Report No.(s): AD-A428204; RAND/DB-138-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Declining budgets are reducing the number of new military acquisition starts. The Army needs to consider new ways of doing business that will permit it to get the most from the acquisition dollars available. One possibility is to exploit dual-use technology programs. The Arroyo Center investigated the feasibility of the notion that the commercial aircraft industry could develop a rotorcraft for the civilian market that would also have application to the military, primarily as a replacement for the CH-47 helicopter. The authors identified and analyzed three likely markets: commuter passenger service in conjunction with same-day cargo deliveries; servicing of offshore oil rigs; and emergency medical services (EMS). The commercial passenger-cargo market is not likely to be viable because the rotorcraft s costs exceed by a wide margin those of the competing fixed-wing aircraft, even if the cost analysis counts the potential savings accruing from the convenience of vertiport locations in or near downtown areas. The offshore oil rig market and the EMS market both prefer a vehicle size of about 7-15 passengers, smaller than the Army s most pressing replacement needs. Further, neither of these markets looks feasible from 7

the standpoint of rate of return on invested capital, if the total investment costs had to be recovered (no subsidies). The authors cannot recommend dual-use as a clear remedy for the Army s need for a near-term medium-heavy rotorcraft, but do suggest the examination of several cost-reducing technologies. Cargo; Market Research; Passengers; Rotary Wing Aircraft 20050019270 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA NASA Ames ATM Research Denery, Dallas G.; [2000]; 1 pp.; In English; ATCA 2000 International Technical Conference, Vancouver, Canada Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 576-01-24; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The NASA Ames research Center, in cooperation with the FAA and the industry, has a series of major research efforts underway that are aimed at : 1) improving the flow of traffic in the national airspace system; and 2) helping to define the future air traffic management system. The purpose of this presentation will be to provide a brief summary of some of these activities. Air Traffıc Control; NASA Programs; Air Transportation; Research and Development 20050019443 Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA General Aviation Security: Increased Federal Oversight Is Needed, but Continued Partnership with the Private Sector Is Critical to Long-Term Success Nov. 2004; 70 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101858; GAO-05-144; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Federal intelligence agencies have reported that in the past, terrorists have considered using general aviation aircraft (all aviation other than commercial and military) for terrorist acts, and that the September 11th terrorists learned to fly at general aviation flight schools. The questions GAO answered regarding the status of general aviation security included (1) What actions has the federal government taken to identify and assess threats to, and vulnerabilities of, general aviation; and communicate that information to stakeholders. (2) What steps has the federal government taken to strengthen general aviation security, and what, if any, challenges does the government face; and (3) What steps have nonfederal stakeholders taken to enhance the security of general aviation. GAO recommends, among other things, that the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) develop a plan for implementing a risk management approach to strengthen general aviation security, and that the Federal Aviation Administration establish a documented process to review and revalidate flight restrictions. TSA and FAA generally concurred with GAOs recommendations. NTIS General Aviation Aircraft; Terrorism; Airport Security 04 AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION Includes all modes of communication with and between aircraft; air navigation systems (satellite and ground based); and air traffic control. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation, 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking, and 32 Communications and Radar. 20050009926 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA A Simple Two Aircraft Conflict Resolution Algorithm Chatterji, Gano B.; December 20, 1999; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 576-01-25; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Conflict detection and resolution methods are crucial for distributed air-ground traffic management in which the crew in the cockpit, dispatchers in operation control centers and air traffic controllers in the ground-based air traffic management facilities share information and participate in the traffic flow and traffic control imctions.this paper describes a conflict detection and a conflict resolution method. The conflict detection method predicts the minimum separation and the time-to-go to the closest point of approach by assuming that both the aircraft will continue to fly at their current speeds along their current headings. The conflict resolution method described here is motivated by the proportional navigation algorithm. It generates speed and heading commands to rotate the line-of-sight either clockwise or counter-clockwise for conflict resolution. Once the aircraft achieve a positive range-rate and no further conflict is predicted, the algorithm generates heading commands to turn back the aircraft to their nominal trajectories. The speed commands are set to the optimal pre-resolution speeds. Six numerical 8

examples are presented to demonstrate the conflict detection and resolution method. Algorithms; Air Traffıc Control; Aircraft Control; Proportional Navigation 20050010185 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches Moralex, Ernesto, III; Tucker, George E.; Hindson, William S.; Frost, Chad R.; Hardy, Gordon H.; April 07, 2004; 13 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society 60th Annual Forum, 8-10 Jun. 2004, Baltimore, MD, USA; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In-flight evaluations of a pursuit guidance display system for manually flown precision instrument approaches were performed. The guidance system was integrated into the RASCAL JUH-60A Black Hawk helicopter. The applicability of the pursuit guidance disp1afs to the operation of Runway Independent Aircraft (RIA) is made evident because the displays allow the pilot to fly a complex, multi-segment, descending, decelerating approach trajectory. The complex trajectory chosen for this in-flight assessment began from a downwind abeam position at 110 knots and was hand-flown to a 50 ft decision altitude at 40 knots using a rate-command/attitude-hold plus turn-coordination control system. The elements of the pursuit guidance format displayed on a 10-inch liquid crystal display (LCD) flat panel consisted of a flightpath vector and a leader aircraft as the pursuit guidance element. Approach guidance was based primarily on carrier-phase differential Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation, and secondarily on both medium accuracy inertial navigation unit states and air data computer states. Required Navigation Performance (RNP) concepts were applied to the construction of display elements such as lateral/vertical deviation indicators and a tunnel that indicated to the pilot, in real-time, the performance with respect to RNP error bounds. The results of the flight evaluations of the guidance display show that precise path control for operating within tight RNP boundaries (RNP 0.007NM/24ft for initial approach, RNP 0.008NM/19ft for intermediate approach, and RNP 0.002NM/9ft for final approach) is attainable with minimal to moderate pilot workload. UH-60A Helicopter; Instrument Approach; Global Positioning System; Attitude (Inclination); Flight Paths; Airborne/ Spaceborne Computers; Display Devices 05 AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE Includes all stages of design of aircraft and aircraft structures and systems. Also includes aircraft testing, performance, and evaluation, and aircraft and flight simulation technology. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 39 Structural Mechanics. For land transportation vehicles see 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation. 20050009876 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk Sweeney, Christopher; Bunnell, John; Chung, William; Giovannetti, Dean; Mikula, Julie; Nicholson, Bob; Roscoe, Mike; February 22, 2001; 1 pp.; In English; I/ITSEC Conference, 26-29 Nov. 2001, Orlando, FL, USA; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Joint Shipboard Helicopter Integration Process (JSHIP) is a Joint Test and Evaluation (JT&E) program sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). Under the JSHDP program is a simulation effort referred to as the Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation System (DIMSS). The purpose of DIMSS is to develop and test the processes and mechanisms that facilitate ship-helicopter interface testing via man-in-the-loop ground-based flight simulators. Specifically, the DIMSS charter is to develop an accredited process for using a flight simulator to determine the wind-over-the-deck (WOD) launch and recovery flight envelope for the UH-60A ship/helicopter combination. DIMSS is a collaborative effort between the NASA Ames Research Center and OSD. OSD determines the T&E and warfighter training requirements, provides the programmatics and dynamic interface T&E experience, and conducts ship/aircraft interface tests for validating the simulation. NASA provides the research and development element, simulation facility, and simulation technical experience. This paper will highlight the benefits of the NASA/JSHIP collaboration and detail achievements of the project in terms of modeling and simulation. The Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS) at NASA Ames Research Center offers the capability to simulate a wide range of simulation cueing configurations, which include visual, aural, and body-force cueing devices. The system flexibility enables switching configurations io allow back-to-back evaluation and comparison of different levels of cueing fidelity in determining minimum training requirements. The investigation required development and integration of several major simulation system at the VMS. 9

A new UH-60A BlackHawk interchangeable cab that provides an out-the-window (OTW) field-of-view (FOV) of 220 degrees in azimuth and 70 degrees in elevation was built. Modeling efforts involved integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) generated data of an LHA ship airwake and integrating a real-time ship motion model developed based on a batch model from Naval Surface Warfare Center. Engineering development and integration of a three degrees-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic seat to simulate high frequency rotor-dynamics dependent motion cues for use in conjunction with the large motion system was accomplished. The development of an LHA visual model in several different levels of resolution and an aural cueing system in which three separate fidelity levels could be selected were developed. VMS also integrated a PC-based E&S simfusion system to investigate cost effective IG alternatives. The DIMSS project consists of three phases that follow an approved Validation, Verification and accreditation (VV&A) process. The first phase will support the accreditation of the individual subsystems and models. The second will follow the verification and validation of the integrated subsystems and models, and will address fidelity requirements of the integrated models and subsystems. The third and final phase will allow the verification and validation of the full system integration. This VV&A process will address the utility of the simulated WOD launch and recovery envelope. Simulations supporting the first two stages have been completed and the data is currently being reviewed and analyzed. Dynamic Models; Flight Simulation; UH-60A Helicopter; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Launching 20050009943 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV Martin, Preston; Tung, Chee; [2004]; 20 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A ducted fan VTOL UAV with a 10-inch diameter rotor was tested in the US Army 7-by 10-Foot Wind Tunnel. The test conditions covered a range of angle of attack from 0 to 110 degrees to the freestream. The tunnel velocity was varied from 0 (simulating a hover condition) to 128 ft/sec in propeller mode. A six-component internal balance measured the aerodynamic loads for a range of model configurations. including the isolated rotor, the isolated duct, and the full configuration of the duct and rotor. For some conditions, hotwire velocity surveys were conducted along the inner and outer surface of the duct and across the downstream wake. In addition, fluorescent oil flow visualization allowed the flow separation patterns inside and outside of the duct to be mapped for a few test conditions. Two different duct shapes were tested to determine the performance effects of leading edge radius. For each duct, a range of rotor tip gap from 1%R to 4.5%R was tested to determine the performance penalty in hover and axial flight. Measured results are presented in terms of hover performance, hover performance in a crosswind, and high angle of attack performance in propeller mode. In each case, the effects of both tip gap and duct leading edge radius are illustrated using measurements. Some of the hover performance issues were also studied using a simple analytical method, and the results agreed with the measurements. Vertical Takeoff Aircraft; Aerodynamic Loads; Angle of Attack; Flow Distribution 20050009954 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors Yeo, Hyeonsoo; Johnson, Wayne; [2004]; 26 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society 60th Annual Forum, 7-10 Jun. 2004, Baltimore, MD, USA; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Blade flap bending moments are investigated for six rotors operating at transition and high speeds: H-34 in flight and wind tunnel, SA 330 (research Puma), SA 349/2, UH-60A full-scale, and BO-105 model (HART-I). The measured data from flight and wind tunnel tests are compared with calculations obtained using the comprehensive analysis CAMRAD II. The calculations mere made using two free wake models: rolled-up and multiple-trailer with consolidation models. At transition speed, there is fair to good agreement for the flap bending moment between the test data and analysis for the H-34, research Puma, and SA 349/2 with the rolled-up wake. The calculated flap bending moments differ significantly from measurements for the UH-60A and BO-105. Better correlation is obtained for the UH-60A by using the multiple-trailer with consolidation wake model. Although the multiple-trailer with consolidation wake model shows good correlation on the normal force for the BO-105, the same analysis shows poor correlation on the flap bending moment. In the high speed condition, the analysis shows generally good agreement with the research Puma flight data in both magnitude and phase. However, poor agreement is obtained for the other rotors examined. Although the analysis significantly underpredicts the vibratory normal force on the advancing side for the H-34, the vibratory bending moment correlation is fair to good on both magnitude and phase. Bending Moments; BO-105 Helicopter; Flapping; Flight Tests; Rotors 10

20050010170 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA USA Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System (Auto-ACAS) Skoog, Mark A.; Sep. 2003; 11 pp.; In English; UAV 2002 Conference and Exhibition, 11-14 Jun. 2002, Paris, France; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427453; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Briefing charts from presentation on the Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System(Auto-ACAS). Collision Avoidance; Drone Vehicles 20050010193 Dornier-Werke G.m.b.H., Friedrichshafen, Germany Reconnaissance System UAV CL 289 Status and Programme Upgrade Sep. 2003; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427556; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Briefing charts of presentation on the history, past performance and upgrades of the reconnaissance UAV CL 289. Drone Vehicles; Reconnaissance; Retrofitting; Surveillance; Targets 20050010194 Elbit Systems Ltd., Israel HERMES 180 UAV Development Program Keren, Yair, ; Sep. 2003; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427559; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Briefing charts from presentation on the development of the HERMES 180 UAV. Drone Vehicles; Systems Engineering 20050010196 Sinovia, France SINOVIA: An Open Approach for Heterogeneous ISR Systems Inter-Operability Moreno, Carlos, ; Belot, S., ; Sep. 2003; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427564; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Briefing charts from presentation by Sinovia; offering an open system approach for heterogeneous ISR(Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance) systems interoperability with their Plug and Net(R) technology. Drone Vehicles; Heterogeneity 20050010197 BAI Aerosystems, Inc., Easton, MD USA Dragon Drone UAV System Sep. 2003; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427572; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Technical publication containing information on the development and application of the Dragon Drone UAV system. Drone Aircraft; Drone Vehicles; Systems Engineering 20050010198 METEOR Costruzioni Aeronautiche ed Elettroniche S.p.A., Ronchi dei Legionari, Italy A Modular, Reconfigurable Surveillance UAV Architecture Valentinis, Francis, ; Cistriani, Luca, ; Trentadue, Luciano, ; Sep. 2003; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427573; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Briefing charts from presentation on a modular, reconfigurable surveillance UAV architecture. Drone Vehicles; Surveillance 11

20050010199 Black Art Composites Ltd, UK RAVEN-2: Around-The-World UAV Project Burleigh, Chris, ; Sep. 2003; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427574; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The Raven around-the-world UAV project is part of an on-going effort to build up a significant European capability in the design, construction and operation of large UAVs and manned reconnaissance aircraft. The goal of the project is to fly a large high-altitude jet UAV non-stop and un-refueled around the world using the trans-polar route. The project will demonstrate the technology of long-range reconnaissance UAVs. It will develop the procedures and capability of operating large UAVs from conventional air bases in the conventional air traffic environment. It will establish an industrial grouping of companies capable of becoming prime-contractors for future military UAV procurements. Drone Vehicles; Reconnaissance Aircraft 20050010219 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations Raffetto, Mark, ; Sep. 2004; 100 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427707; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This study analyzes the impact of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capabilities on intelligence gathering missions for a Marine Expeditionary Brigade (MEB) commander in 2015. The Marine Corps Warfighting Lab (MCWL) is developing requirements for an intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) UAV that supports rapid planning and decision making for multiple concurrent operations and facilitates maneuver and precision engagement. The acquisition of a 2008 Pioneer replacement also is underway at Marine Corps Systems Command (MARCORSYSCOM). However, the importance of various capabilities for this replacement UAV presently lacks quantitative analysis. Through modeling, agent-based simulation, and data mining, this study explores the validity of current requirements and provides insights into the importance of various UAV characteristics, such as airspeed, endurance, sweep width, and sensor capability. Each year, the Navy/Marine Corps conducts Fleet Battle Experiment Sea Viking in Southern California. The primary objective is Command and Control and ISR development. This study looks at UAV operations in the Sea Viking scenario provided by MCWL in the MANA agent-based modeling environment utilizing robust design, Latin hypercubes, data farming techniques, the Maui High Performance Computing Center, and the JMP Statistical Discovery Software package. The Sea Viking Experiment, the Marine Corps largest annual experiment, provides a credible scenario for model development. The advantages of tactical routing, a 7 hour (or greater) on-station time, a minimum 4,500 meter sweep width, and a probability of classification of at least 0.4 are verified for the Sea Viking scenario. This analysis indicates that a UAV in this scenario does not need to travel in excess of 200 knots. The results have design consequences for MCWL s Sea Viking 20XX and provide key parameters for physics-based simulations such as COMBAT XXI. A 15-item bibliography is included. (26 figures, 26 refs7 Airspeed; Classifications; Computerized Simulation; Detection; Drone Vehicles; Intelligence; Pilotless Aircraft; Reconnaissance; Surveillance; Target Acquisition; Targets 20050010233 Air Force Occupational Measurement Center, Randolph AFB, TX USA Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance Smalley, Joshua, ; Jun. 2004; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427757; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Briefing charts from presentation on findings of the Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 for Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance. Aerospace Systems; Armed Forces (United States); Maintenance; Military Personnel; Missile Systems; Personnel; Surveys; Tasks 20050010235 Air Force Occupational Measurement Center, Randolph AFB, TX USA Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance Pickett, Bryan, ; Jun. 2004; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427761; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () 12

Briefing charts from presentation of findings from Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance. Armed Forces (United States); Maintenance; Military Personnel; Personnel; Surveys; Tasks 20050010237 Illinois Inst. of Tech., Chicago, IL USA First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction Nagib, Hassan M., ; Kiedaisch, John W., ; Wygnanski, Israel J., ; Stalker, Aaron D., ; Wood, Tom, ; Oct. 2004; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0012 Report No.(s): AD-A427772; RMAC/CD/NC-45829.1-EG; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () No abstract available Tilt Rotor Aircraft; XV-15 Aircraft 20050010262 Braim Image Tech, Inc., Coral Gables, FL USA Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super-Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs Negahdaripour, Shahriar, ; Oct. 2004; 115 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W31P4Q-04-C-R105; ARPA ORDER-P372-43 Report No.(s): AD-A427823; BTI-0002; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy Application of a camera array as a flexible, reconfigurable, inexpensive high-resolution panoramic motion-imagery sensor for low-altitude reconnaissance aircrafts is investigated. Assuming multiple-view noisy image position measurements of terrain features and known camera projection matrices by calibration, terrain feature localization and UAV positioning are analyzed by computer simulations, with/without supplementary gyro and GPS. How various system parameters impact the achievable precision of panoramic system in 3-D terrain feature localization and UAV motion estimation is determined for the A=0.5-2 KM) FLIGHT ALTITUDE RANGE. Enhancement of estimation accuracy from GPS and gyro is explored. Estimation error variance plots are given as a function of camera resolutions, viewing angles, flight altitudes, GPS and altitude measurement errors, number of views, etc. Selected results, from point correspondences in 4Kpixx4Kpix images and utilizing GPS readings with one-meter error variance at 0.5-2 KM) ALTITUDES, COMPRISE: Estimating 3-D coordinates of ground features tracked in 1-2 dozen images with A/10 baselines at sub-meter accuracy; Determining UAV pose with 0.1-0.3 DEG variance by matching 2-3 dozens of features in two views. The results provide valuable guidelines for the integration of camera-array images into one super resolution panorama, registering multiple panoramas to construct a single composite view, integration of visual survo with onboard sensors, map-based navigation and AUV positioning. Computed performance charts enable the design of optimal high-resolution imaging system based on the UAV size and capability constraints. Airborne Equipment; Cameras; Drone Vehicles; High Resolution; Imaging Techniques; Video Equipment 20050010299 Air War Coll., Maxwell AFB, AL USA Tanker Force Structure: Recapitalization of the KC-135 Narvid, Juan C., ; Aug. 2004; 40 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427890; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The USA Air Force KC-135 fleet is nearly 50 years old; recent studies show that it is time for the recapitalization of this tanker fleet. The present inventory of aircraft went through many upgrades and modifications, but all are still the basic A-model aircraft initially purchased by the Air Force in the late 1950s. The Air Force needs to replace this aged aircraft by designing a new tanker from the ground up, capable of responding to the threat environment of today and the future. The KC-135 aircraft has been an outstanding platform for aerial refueling, and through some enhancements it has been able to leverage some of its capabilities in airlift and communication. However, the Air Force has the opportunity with its next class of tankers to field a new tanker with capabilities that can serve all the services in the more demanding joint and coalition warfare of the future. In this paper, the author challenges air mobility warriors to develop a tanker force structure that overcomes the thinking of old to launch new concepts and capabilities for the future tanker. He argues that the future of warfare will require a tanker that is able to operate as a force enabler across the full spectrum of operations. This research is timely in that the Boeing 767 is being looked at as a replacement for some of the older KC-135s. In contrast to some of the 767 s capabilities, he outlines a conceptual tanker that combines airlift and aerial-refueling capabilities and is able to survive 13

in a combat environment, and he leverages its ability to act as a platform to enhance network-centric warfare. He points out that while the Cadillac of all tankers may only be conceived in the minds of Airmen, the tanker of the future cannot resemble the single-role tanker of the past. A 33-item bibliography is included. (2 figures, 44 refs.) C-135 Aircraft; Tanker Aircraft 20050010307 Naval Air Warfare Center, China Lake, CA USA TWA Flight 800 Missile Impact Analysis Bott, Richard, ; Dec. 1997; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427917; NAWC-WPNS-TM-8126; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The military services routinely conduct destructive testing of aircraft by subjecting them to missile and projectile damage under conditions likely to be encountered in combat. This live-fire testing has built considerable expertise in identifying warhead damage on aircraft structure and systems. The Federal Bureau of Investigation and the National Transportation Safety Board requested assistance from the military community in identifying possible missile impact damage on the wreckage of TWA Flight 800. Visits to Calverton. N.Y.. were made to examine the wreckage from TWA Flight 800. These inspections were documented and combined with other data to analyze the possibility that a shoulder-launched missile was responsible for the destruction of the aircraft. This report presents the results of the TWA Flight 800 analysis. This report is intended as a quick-look engineering summary. not a detailed scientific analyses. Commercial Aircraft; Damage Assessment; Missiles; Shoulders 20050010314 Test Wing (0412th), Edwards AFB, CA USA C-17 Test Data Archive Effort Fuqua, Dwight, ; Greer, James, ; Oct. 2004; 47 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427927; 412/TW-PA-04199; XC-412/TW; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In fiscal year (FY) 2003, the Test Director initiated comprehensive planning for management of the C-17 data elements. Including the bulk instrumentation data collected, this plan also addressed the management of programmatic information and correlation from the test definition program phase through the archiving of test reporting Information. The envisioned end-state of the C-17 test data archive effort, also referred to as the C-17 Enterprise Test Data Management System (ETDMS), seeks to provide the C-17 Test Team with cradle-to-grave data management at a level unprecedented in the flight test community and is described herein. Five modest objectives were set for the effort at initiation; these were: Objective 1: Establish C-17 Technical Library; Complete Deployment of LiveLink Distribution System, Objective 2: Improve Data Analysis (Telemetry) Toolset and Products; Train Users, Objective 3: Modernize Legacy Databases/Applications (Measurands, Calibrations, Generation of the Test Parameter Requirements TPR document), Objective 4: Fix the Test Planning and Test Point Tracking User Interface, Objective 5: Implement the Approved ETDMS framework. Collaterally, the C-17 ETDMS will support the efforts of our co-located NASA-Dryden colleagues seeking to improve the abilities of our National Airspace System (NAS) to support industry initiatives such as aircraft health monitoring and call-ahead maintenance planning. Data Bases; Data Management; Transport Aircraft 20050010315 McDonnell-Douglas Corp., Saint Louis, MO USA Robust Adaptive Control of UCAVs Ikeda, Yutaka, ; Ramsey, James, ; Lavretsky, Eugene, ; McCormick, Patrick, ; Sep. 2004; 96 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-C-0027 Report No.(s): AD-A427938; STL2004P0037; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0544; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy This report describes work performed to investigate adaptive nonlinear control for UCAVs. Specifc control techniques investigated were Internal Model Principle Nonliear Output Regulation for UCAV flight control desing and aero-servo-elastic filter deisgn; and Adaptive Inverse Control for electromagnetic actuator control design for UAVs and advaced missiles. Simulation results show good command following (or reference tracking) characteristic of the Internal Model Priciple Output Regulation technique for designs of flight control and actuator control. The simulation results also show good disturbance allenuation charnctenstic of the Intemal Model Principle Output Regulation technique for aero-serve-elastic filter design. Neural Networks Adaptive Control was also evaluated in the UCAV flight control application, and similar results to those with 14

the Internal Model Priciple Output Regulation control were observed. The Adaptive Inverrse Control technique showed some potential for comtrolling the electromagnetic actuators which contain nonilear elemets such as dead-zone, backlash, friction, and quantization errors. However, it introduced chaflering and sensitivity to the initial estimation error of the unknow parameters. The Internal Model Priciple Output Regualtion technique was also applied to the eletromagnetic actuator model and resolved the chattering and sensitivity to the parameter estimation errors. Adaptive Control 20050019301 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA USA Interim Strategies for Flying UAVs in the U.S. National Airspace System Sep. 2003; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427350; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Briefing charts from presentation on interim strategies for flying UAVs in the U.S. national airspace system. Airspace; Drone Vehicles; National Airspace System; United States 20050019440 Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Changes in Global Hawk s Acquisition Strategy are Needed to Reduce Program Risks Nov. 2004; 50 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101853; GAO-05-6; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Global Hawk offers significant military capabilities to capture and quickly transmit high-quality images of targets and terrain, day or night, and in adverse weather- without risk to an onboard pilot. Global Hawk first flew in the late 1990s as a demonstrator and supported recent combat operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. In 2001, the Air Force began an acquisition program to develop and produce improved Global Hawks. In 2002, the Department of Defense (DOD) restructured and accelerated the program to include a new, larger and more capable air vehicle. GAO was asked to review the program and discuss (1) the restructuring s effect on the Air Force s ability to deliver new capabilities to the warfighter and (2) whether its current business case and management approach is knowledge-based and can help forestall future risks. NTIS Government Procurement; Project Management; Strategy; Pilotless Aircraft 07 AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER Includes primary propulsion systems and related systems and components, e.g., gas turbine engines, compressors, and fuel systems; and onboard auxiliary power plants for aircraft. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; 28 Propellants and Fuels; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion. 20050019219 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Reid, Concha M.; Manzo, Michelle A.; Logan, Michael J.; November 2004; 13 pp.; In English; Power Systems Conference, 2-4 Nov. 2004, Reno, NV, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-319-20-L1 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213401; SAE-2004-01-3166; E-14907; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are currently under development for NASA missions, earth sciences, aeronautics, the military, and commercial applications. The design of an all electric power and propulsion system for small UAVs was the focus of a detailed study. Currently, many of these small vehicles are powered by primary (nonrechargeable) lithium-based batteries. While this type of battery is capable of satisfying some of the mission needs, a secondary (rechargeable) battery power supply system that can provide the same functionality as the current system at the same or lower system mass and volume is desired. A study of commercially available secondary battery cell technologies that could provide the desired performance characteristics was performed. Due to the strict mass limitations and wide operating temperature requirements of small UAVs, the only viable cell chemistries were determined to be lithium-ion liquid electrolyte systems and lithium-ion gel polymer electrolyte systems. Two lithium-ion gel polymer cell designs were selected as candidates and were tested using potential load profiles for UAV applications. Because lithium primary batteries have a higher specific energy and energy density, for the same 15

mass and volume allocation, the secondary batteries resulted in shorter flight times than the primary batteries typically provide. When the batteries were operated at lower ambient temperatures (0 to -20 C), flight times were even further reduced. Despite the reduced flight times demonstrated, for certain UAV applications, the secondary batteries operated within the acceptable range of flight times at room temperature and above. The results of this testing indicate that a secondary battery power supply system can provide some benefits over the primary battery power supply system. A UAV can be operated for hundreds of flights using a secondary battery power supply system that provides the combined benefits of rechargeability and an inherently safer chemistry. Lithium Batteries; Storage Batteries; Electric Batteries; Pilotless Aircraft; Loads (Forces) 08 AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL Includes flight dynamics, aircraft handling qualities, piloting, flight controls, and autopilots. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance and 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation. 20050009946 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Aircraft Spacings that Produce a Vortex-Free Region Below Flight Formation Rossow, Vernon J.; December 12, 2000; 2 pp.; In English; 20th AIAA Applied Aerodynamic Conference Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 727-01-22; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Theoretical estimates are presented for the motion of vortex wakes shed by multiple aircraft flying in close formation. The purpose of the theoretical study was to determine whether the spacings between adjacent aircraft in close formations could be designed so that the lift-generated vortices being trailed would move upward rather than downward. In this way, a region below the formation is produced that is free of vortices. It was found that aircraft can be arranged in formations so that the inboard wake vortices all move upward rather than downward. The two outboard vortices travel downward at a greatly reduced velocity that depends on the number of aircraft in the formation. If the desired motions are to be produced, the lateral spacings between adjacent aircraft centerlines must be between 1.1 and 1.5 wingspans, and the vertical spacings between -0.025 and -0.15 wingspans. Since the range of acceptable spacings is small, it is recommended that the position accuracy between aircraft in the formation be kept within about + or - 0.01 wingspan of the center of acceptable spacings so that aircraft meandering do not cause unwanted vortex excursions. It was also found that, if the in-trail spacings between adjacent aircraft are more than 4 wingspans, the foregoing vertical spacings must be adjusted to allow for the additional downward travel of the vortices shed by leading aircraft. Formation Flying; Free Flight; Vortices; Aircraft Approach Spacing 20050010139 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System Dasgupta, D.; KrishnaKumar, K.; Wong, D.; Berry, M.; August 03, 2004; 14 pp.; In English; AIAA 1st Intelligent Systems Technical Conference, 20-23 Sep. 2004, Chicago, IL, USA; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In the study reported in this paper, we have developed and applied an Artificial Immune System (AIS) algorithm for aircraft fault detection, as an extension to a previous work on intelligent flight control (IFC). Though the prior studies had established the benefits of IFC, one area of weakness that needed to be strengthened was the control dead band induced by commanding a failed surface. Since the IFC approach uses fault accommodation with no detection, the dead band, although it reduces over time due to learning, is present and causes degradation in handling qualities. If the failure can be identified, this dead band can be further A ed to ensure rapid fault accommodation and better handling qualities. The paper describes the application of an immunity-based approach that can detect a broad spectrum of known and unforeseen failures. The approach incorporates the knowledge of the normal operational behavior of the aircraft from sensory data, and probabilistically generates a set of pattern detectors that can detect any abnormalities (including faults) in the behavior pattern indicating unsafe in-flight operation. We developed a tool called MILD (Multi-level Immune Learning Detection) based on a real-valued negative selection algorithm that can generate a small number of specialized detectors (as signatures of known failure conditions) and a larger set of generalized detectors for unknown (or possible) fault conditions. Once the fault is detected and identified, an adaptive control system would use this detection information to stabilize the aircraft by utilizing available resources (control surfaces). We experimented with data sets collected under normal and various simulated failure conditions 16

using a piloted motion-base simulation facility. The reported results are from a collection of test cases that reflect the performance of the proposed immunity-based fault detection algorithm. Fault Detection; Algorithms; Flight Control; Control Surfaces; Motion Simulation 20050010184 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Stability Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Configuration Johnson, Wayne; Floros, Matthew W.; [2004]; 24 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society 60th Annual Forum, 8-10 Jun. 2004, Baltimore, MD, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The stability and control of rotors at high advance ratio are considered. Teetering, articulated, gimbaled, and rigid hub types are considered for a compound helicopter (rotor and fixed wing). Stability predictions obtained using an analytical rigid flapping blade analysis, a rigid blade CAMRAD II model, and an elastic blade CAMRAD II model are compared. For the flapping blade analysis, the teetering rotor is the most stable, 5howing no instabilities up to an advance ratio of 3 and a Lock number of 18. With an elastic blade model, the teetering rotor is unstable at an advance ratio of 1.5. Analysis of the trim controls and blade flapping shows that for small positive collective pitch, trim can be maintained without excessive control input or flapping angles. Stability Tests; Compound Helicopters; Fixed Wings 20050010222 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA Robust Control, Feedback and Learning: Data-Driven Methods Safonov, Michael G., ; Jul. 2004; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-1-0302 Report No.(s): AD-A427715; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0563; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The research effort supported under this grant ended 31 July 2004. A highlight of progress during the final fiscal year was a clear theoretical explanation of and solution to. the model mismatch stability problem generally associated with state-of-the-art adaptive control design methods. The source of these model-mismatch instability problems was traced to the implicit use of absolute-error cost functions and/or use of assumption-driven cost functions. These cost-functions were shown via counter-example to he capable of giving preference to destabilizing control laws in some cases involving model mismatch. Having identified the model- mismatch problem, a fix was also identified, which is to employ a data-driven input-output-gain related cost function for adaptive control-law selection. This progress was enabled by theory that explains the synthesis of adaptive control processes in terms of control law unfalsification. Adaptive Control; Feedback Control 09 RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR) Includes airports, runways, hangars, and aircraft repair and overhaul facilities; wind tunnels, water tunnels, and shock tubes; flight simulators; and aircraft engine test stands. Also includes airport ground equipment and systems. For airport ground operations see 03 Air Transportation and Safety. For astronautical facilities see 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space). 20050010086 Research Inst. of National Defence, Linkoeping, Sweden Information Presentation During Load Eriksson, L.; Dec. 2003; In Swedish Report No.(s): PB2005-100608; FOI-R-1095-SE; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The project activities were performed between 2001-01-01 and 2003-12-31. The purpose was to study and develop methods and techniques intended for man-system-interaction (MSI) to enhance operator interaction with systems/systems interfaces. Of central importance was the operator s visual perception, as well as evaluation and adjustment of the presented information as determined by the operator s situation-dependent abilities. The project activities had a primarily knowledge building basis on future operator supports implementation. Research implementation foremost involved already employed techniques. Research issues within primarily six areas of activities were addressed, with the most part focusing on the pilot and pilot environment. The six areas of activities were (1) Color vision during G-load; (2) Artificial horizon and visual flow; (3) Perspective presentation; (4) MSI-evaluation with registration of eye-point of gaze and eye movements; (5) Visualization 17

for presentation in simulators and at command sites; and (6) MSI-evaluation methodology. The report briefly presents research issues and purposes, provides an overview of methods, results and conclusions, and discusses summarizing recommendations and guidelines. The overall production of the project is reported. NTIS Human-Computer Interface; Simulators; Navigation Instruments 20050010140 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Overview of CTAS Research and Development at NASA Ames Research Center Edwards, Thomas A.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 760-12-40; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only This presentation will be a standard briefing package to be given at a variety of research laboratories in Europe in conjunction with site visits. The talk will include a brief overview of the history of CTAS, a summary of the development process and facilities, and will then highlight recent accomplishments and developments. These include Free Flight Phase One deployments, Free Flight Phase Two planned deployments, and recent results from research on tools in development, such as Active FAST and Direct-To. The material for the presentation will be drawn entirely from previously published material. Research Facilities; Air Traffıc Control; Management Systems 12 ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to space flight and manned and unmanned space vehicles, platforms or objects launched into, or assembled in, outer space; and related components and equipment. Also includes manufacturing and maintenance of such vehicles or platforms. For specific topics in astronautics see categories 13 through 20. For extraterrestrial exploration see 91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration. 20050000120 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications Mankins, John C.; Howell, Joe T.; [2004]; 15 pp.; In English; 2004 JUSTSAP Workshop, 11-14 Nov. 2004, Kona, HI, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The President s VIsion for Space Exploration offers opportunities to seek new paradigms and develop transformational space infrastructures. First steps are being taken to develop transformational system concepts such as modular reconfigurable systems, cryogenic propellant depots to preposition propellants, etc., and to develop other critical technologies. Cryogenics; Propellants; Space Exploration; Technology Utilization 20050010127 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA Conical Scanning Microwave Imager/Sounder(CMIS) Sensor Requirements Document (SRD) for National Polar- Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Spacecraft and Sensors Mar. 1997; 132 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101768; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A07, Hardcopy This Sensor Requirements Document sets forth the requirements of the CONICAL SCANNING MICROWAVE IMAGER/SOUNDER which is part of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) and is hereinafter referred to as the CMIS. The purpose of the CMIS is to collect global microwave radiometry and sounding data. This data will be processed to produce microwave imagery and other specialized meteorological and oceanographic data using algorithms developed in conjunction with the flight hardware. The data will be processed from Raw Data Records (RDRs) into Sensor Data Records (SDRs), Temperature Data Records (TDRs) and Environmental Data Records (EDRs). Data will be disseminated to users worldwide by the Department of Defense, Department of Commerce and the European Meteorological Organization. NTIS Conical Scanning; Meteorological Parameters; Microwave Imagery; Microwave Radiometers 18

14 GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE) Includes launch complexes, research and production facilities; ground support equipment, e.g., mobile transporters; and test chambers and simulators. Also includes extraterrestrial bases and supporting equipment. For related information see also 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air). 20050000111 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Rapid Ascent Simulation at NASA-MSFC Sisco, Jimmy D.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; IEST 23rd Space Simulation Conference, 8-11 Nov. 2004, Annapolis, MD, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Environmental Test Facility (ETF), located at NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama, has provided thermal vacuum testing for several major programs since the 1960 s. The ETF consists of over 13 thermal vacuum chambers sized and configured to handle the majority of test payloads. The majority of tests require a hard vacuum with heating and cryogenics. NASA s Return-to-Flight program requested testing to simulate a launch from the ground to flight using vacuum, heating and cryogenics. This paper describes an effective method for simulating a launch. Test Facilities; Space Environment Simulation; Spacecraft Launching; Ascent 15 LAUNCH VEHICLES AND LAUNCH OPERATIONS Includes all classes of launch vehicles, launch/space vehicle systems, and boosters; and launch operations. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power. 20050009947 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations Bardina, Jorge; Thirumalainambi, Rajkumar; [2004]; 8 pp.; In English; World Aviation Congress 2004, 2004, Reno, NV, USA Report No.(s): SAE-2004-013083; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy This work addresses the various model interactions in real-time to make an efficient internet based decision making tool for Shuttle launch. The decision making tool depends on the launch commit criteria coupled with physical models. Dynamic interaction between a wide variety of simulation applications and techniques, embedded algorithms, and data visualizations are needed to exploit the full potential of modeling and simulation. This paper also discusses in depth details of web based 3-D graphics and applications to range safety. The advantages of this dynamic model integration are secure accessibility and distribution of real time information to other NASA centers. Systems Integration; Dynamic Models; Spacecraft Launching; Decision Support Systems 20050010206 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests Herbert, Eric W., ; Sep. 2004; 211 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427680; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () NPSAT1 is a gravity gradient friendly, prolate body designed to fly at 600 40 km inclined to 34.5 degrees. The satellite uses a magnetic 3-axis active attitude control system (ACS) using magnetic torque rods that interact with the Earth s magnetic field. This thesis accomplishes three goals. The first objective was to verify and to validate the magnetic attitude control system program and model developed by Leonard. The verification and validation process was completed in two steps. The first step accomplished an independent modeling of the Earth s magnetic field using MATLAB. The second step completed a verification via inspection of Leonard s ACS SIMULINK model. The verification confirmed that Leonard s modular sub components of the disturbance torques, the quaternion vectors, the Euler angles, the spacecraft kinematics and dynamics, and the ACS control laws conformed to current ACS empirical theory. The second goal was to establish a laboratory used to demonstrate the ACS robustness and ability to perform as designed. The laboratory was created to house an air-bearing platform that simulates NPSAT1 characteristics. The third goal was to perform hardware-in-the-loop experiments with the NPSAT1 ACS software and model. Hardware-in-the-loop tests were performed to the magnetic torque rods, torque rod driver circuit board, micro-controller computer, and control interfaces. Specifically, solenoid current tests, magnetic field 19

determination tests, and digital-to-analog conversion tests were completed. Algorithms; Attitude Control; Computer Programs; Gas Bearings; Magnetic Control; Magnetic Fields; Magnetometers; Proving 20050010379 Systems Planning and Analysis, Inc., Alexandria, VA USA Evolving Optimal Submunition Design for Attacking Relocatable Targets Sullivan, Keith, ; Luke, Sean, ; Nov. 2004; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428145; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Relocatable targets are mobile targets that will stay in a discrete location for an unknown, random length of time before moving to another location. Such targets include mobile missile launchers, air defense units, fuel trucks and other high value targets (e.g. maneuver forces). Using a combination of multiagent simulation and a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm, we evolve optimal submunition design characteristics for attacking relocatable target examined three types of target concealment, and discovered that high probability of detection, short delay times, and multiple submunitions are required for successful engagement. Mathematical Models; Targets 16 SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY Includes passenger and cargo space transportation, e.g., shuttle operations; and space rescue techniques. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety; 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance. For space suits see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. 20050019442 Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA Space Shuttle: Costs for Hubble Servicing Mission and Implementation of Safety. Recommendations Not Yet Definitive Nov. 2004; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101854; GAO-05-34; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Hubble s continued operation has been dependent on manned servicing missions using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration s (NASA) shuttle fleet. The fleet was grounded in early 2003 following the loss of the Space Shuttle Columbia, as NASA focused its efforts on responding to recommendations made by the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB). In January 2004, NASA announced its decision to cancel the final planned Hubble servicing mission, primarily because of safety concerns. Without some type of servicing mission, NASA anticipates that Hubble will cease to support scientific investigations by the end of the decade. NASA s decision not to service the Hubble prompted debate about potential alternatives to prolong Hubble s mission and the respective costs of these alternatives. This report addresses the basis of NASA s cost estimates to (1) service Hubble using the shuttle and (2) implement recommendations made by the CAIB. GAO is continuing its work on the Subcommittee s request that GAO examine the potential cost of a robotic servicing mission to the Hubble Telescope. NTIS Space Shuttles; Hubble Space Telescope; Orbital Servicing 17 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING Includes space systems telemetry; space communications networks; astronavigation and guidance; and spacecraft radio blackout. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 32 Communications and Radar. 20050009928 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System Khatib, Lina; Morris, Robert; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; 8th ESA Workshop on Advance Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation, ASTRA 2004, 2-4 Nov. 2004, Noordwijk, Netherlands; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The need for on-board decision-making for planning science observations on Earth Observing Satellites is based on the fact that the desirability of acquiring an image can change dynamically, because of changes in meteorological conditions (e.g. 20

cloud cover), unforeseen events such as fires, floods, or volcanic eruptions, or unexpected changes in satellite or ground station capability. In such cases, satellite resources, such as power and SSR capacity can potentially be better utilized taking another image that is of higher quality. Currently, typical Earth observing satellites cannot communicate directly with each other, and can only communicate with ground stations about 5% to 10% of the time. Because of the limited communication windows, as well as the cost and effort that would need to be expended in revising a mission schedule, a ground-based scheduler would have little or no opportunity to revise the schedule in response to the contingencies that may arise. For this reason, a distributed science planning system combining a ground-based scheduler with on-board schedule revision capabilities is warranted. This paper will describe algorithms for on-board decision-making for science planning and their integration with the advanced satellite control and communications technology developed at the Space Communication Emulation Facility (SCEF) at NASA Glenn Research Center. Our objective of demonstrating how advanced communications and scheduling technology can be combined to improve the scientific utility of images acquired by Earth observing systems will be discussed via a description of a number of realistic flight scenarios. Space Communication; Satellite Control; Scheduling; Decision Making; Ground Stations 18 SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls; and spacecraft control and stability characteristics. For life support systems see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; 39 Structural Mechanics; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety. 20050000123 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects Edwards, David L.; Semmel, Charles; Hovater, Mary; Nehls, Mary; Gray, Perry; Hubbs, Whitney; Wertz, George; Photonics for Space Environments IX; [2004]; Volume 5554; 13 pp.; In English; Photonics for Space Environments IX, 2-3 Aug. 2004, Denver, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): 800-53-07 Report No.(s): SPIE Paper 5554-10; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The National Aeronautics and Space Administration s (NASA) Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) continues research into the utilization of photonic materials for spacecraft propulsion. Spacecraft propulsion, using photonic materials, will be achieved using a solar sail. A solar sail operates on the principle that photons, originating from the sun, impart pressure to the sail and therefore provide a source for spacecraft propulsion. The pressure imparted to a solar sail can be increased, up to a factor of two, if the sun-facing surface is perfectly reflective. Therefore, these solar sails are generally composed of a highly reflective metallic sun-facing layer, a thin polymeric substrate and occasionally a highly emissive back surface. Near term solar sail propelled science missions are targeting the Lagrange point 1 (Ll) as well as locations sunward of L1 as destinations. These near term missions include the Solar Polar Imager and the L1 Diamond. The Environmental Effects Group at NASA s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) continues to actively characterize solar sail material in preparation for these near term solar sail missions. Previous investigations indicated that space environmental effects on sail material thermo-optical properties were minimal and would not significantly affect the propulsion efficiency of the sail. These investigations also indicated that the sail material mechanical stability degrades with increasing radiation exposure. This paper will further quantify the effect of space environmental exposure on the mechanical properties of candidate sail materials. Candidate sail materials for these missions include Aluminum coated Mylar[TM], Teonex[TM], and CPl (Colorless Polyimide). These materials were subjected to uniform radiation doses of electrons and protons in individual exposures sequences. Dose values ranged from 100 Mrads to over 5 Grads. The engineering performance property responses of thermo-optical and mechanical properties were characterized. The contribution of Near Ultraviolet (NUV) radiation combined with electron and proton radiation was also investigated. Solar Sails; Electrons; Protons; Ultraviolet Radiation; Aerospace Environments; Spacecraft Propulsion 20050009879 Space News, Springfield, VA, USA Ball Designs Drag Device for Future Moon-Mars Exploration David, Leonard; Space News; December 13, 2004; ISSN 1046-6940; Volume 15, No. 49, pp. 20; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 21

The articles describes the ballute, an inflatable, thin-film devise that would be used to slow a spacecraft s speed for reentry into the atmosphere. The ballute will fly high in the atmosphere and decelerate itself and the attached payload over a period of time. Flying so high will help to reduce heating loads on the ballute, permitting the use of thin-film materials. CASI Ballutes; Drag Devices; Heating; Thin Films 20050009890 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities Hamilton, Jeff; [2004]; 2 pp.; In English; NASA Capability Roadmap Public Workshop, 30 Nov. 2004, Washington, DC, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy The Test Laboratory at NASA s Marshall Space Flight Center, located inside the boundaries of 40,000 acre Redstone Arsenal military reservation, has over 50 test facilities across 400+ acres, many inside an additional secure, fenced area. About 150 Government and 250 contractor personnel operate test facilities capable of all types of propulsion and structural testing, from small components to engine systems and structural strength/dynamic and environmental testing. We have tremendous engineering expertise in research, evaluation, analysis, design and development, and test of space transportation systems, subsystems, and components. Test Facilities; Space Transportation System; Research Facilities; Laboratories; Engine Tests; Dynamic Tests 20050009896 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures Carrington, Connie; Day, Greg; [2004]; 20 pp.; In English; 2004 JUSTSAP Workshop, 11-14 Nov. 2004, Kona, HI, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The slide presentation examines advanced technologies in spacecraft design, space solar power primary payload options, modular spacecraft design, and spacecraft compatible with medium ELV performance. The discussion of advanced technologies in spacecraft design includes power subsystem sized to satisfy all near-term spacecraft power needs, spacecraft bus provides test-bed for maturing technologies, and no insurmountable technical hurdles. The discussion of space solar power primary payload options examines large envelope with standard interfaces reserved for high-power payload. The discussion of modular spacecraft design includes upgrade opportunities, capability for mission tailoring, and bus qualified for most launch vehicles. This discussion of spacecraft compatible with medium ELV performance includes mass capability to ISS orbit and fairing capability for large payloads on the bus. CASI Launch Vehicles; Spacecraft Design; Payloads; Test Stands 20050009930 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch Bardina, Jorge; Thirumalainambi, Rajkumar; [2004]; 6 pp.; In English; World Aviation Congress, 2004, Reno, NV, USA Report No.(s): 2004-01-3082; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The debris dispersion model (which dispersion model?) is so heterogeneous and interrelated with various factors, 3D graphics combined with physical models are useful in understanding the complexity of launch and range operations. Modeling and simulation in this area mainly focuses on orbital dynamics and range safety concepts, including destruct limits, telemetry and tracking, and population risk. Particle explosion modeling is the process of simulating an explosion by breaking the rocket into many pieces. The particles are scattered throughout their motion using the laws of physics eventually coming to rest. The size of the foot print explains the type of explosion and distribution of the particles. The shuttle launch and range operations in this paper are discussed based on the operations of the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA. Java 3D graphics provides geometric and visual content with suitable modeling behaviors of Shuttle launches. Internets; Debris; Range Safety; Spacecraft Launching; Space Shuttle Orbiters 20050009953 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications Lohn, Jason; Globus, Al; Hornby, Gregory; Larchev, Gregory; Kraus, William; [2004]; 13 pp.; In English; AIAA Intelligent Systems Conference; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 22

This article surveys the research of the Evolvable Systems Group at NASA Ames Research Center. Over the past few years, our group has developed the ability to use evolutionary algorithms in a variety of NASA applications ranging from spacecraft antenna design, fault tolerance for programmable logic chips, atomic force field parameter fitting, analog circuit design, and earth observing satellite scheduling. In some of these applications, evolutionary algorithms match or improve on human performance. Evolvable Hardware; Spacecraft Design; Algorithms; Spacecraft Antennas; Mars (Planet) 20050010075 QSS Group, Inc., Moffett Field, CA, USA Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One Hayden, Sandra C.; Sweet, Adam J.; Christa, Scott E.; Tran, Daniel; Shulman, Seth; September 28, 2004; 14 pp.; In English; AIAA Space 2004, 28-30 Sep. 2004, San Diego, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS2-00065 Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2004-6108; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this infusion experiment, the Livingstone 2 (L2) model-based diagnosis engine, developed by the Computational Sciences division at NASA Ames Research Center, has been uploaded to the Earth Observing One (EO-1) satellite. L2 is integrated with the Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment (ASE) which provides an on-board planning capability and a software bridge to the spacecraft s 1773 data bus. Using a model of the spacecraft subsystems, L2 predicts nominal state transitions initiated by control commands, monitors the spacecraft sensors, and, in the case of failure, isolates the fault based on the discrepant observations. Fault detection and isolation is done by determining a set of component modes, including most likely failures, which satisfy the current observations. All mode transitions and diagnoses are telemetered to the ground for analysis. The initial L2 model is scoped to EO-1 s imaging instruments and solid state recorder. Diagnostic scenarios for EO-1 s nominal imaging timeline are demonstrated by injecting simulated faults on-board the spacecraft. The solid state recorder stores the science images and also hosts: the experiment software. The main objective of the experiment is to mature the L2 technology to Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 7. Experiment results are presented, as well as a discussion of the challenging technical issues encountered. Future extensions may explore coordination with the planner, and model-based ground operations. Failure; Fault Detection; Monitors; Spacecraft Instruments; Engine Analyzers 20050010366 Texas Univ., El Paso, TX USA Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads Carrasco, Cesar, ; Osegueda, Roberto, ; Melchor-Lucero, Octavio, ; Espino, Luis A., ; Oct. 2004; 286 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-02-1-0076 Report No.(s): AD-A428102; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0595; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A13, Hardcopy Scope of work: A computer code was developed to model various endgame encounter configuration scenarios between the EKV and the IBM to quantify and characterize single impacts in the TBM warhead. Numerical simulations using a commercial hydro-code were conducted to model specific single impact scenarios. A damage index directly calculated from simulation results based on the penetration of the projectile and the displacement of the target was developed to quantify the damage inflicted by each impact. The quantified damage of each single case scenario represents a measure of the lethality for each configuration. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed as a rapid solution model to predict damage indices for a wide range of single impact configurations as a result of the Endgame encounters. Augmentation; Ballistic Missiles; Hypervelocity Impact; Missiles; Warheads 23

20 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER Includes main propulsion systems and components, e.g., rocket engines; and spacecraft auxiliary power sources. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 28 Propellants and Fuels, 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion. 20050000007 Integrated Concepts and Research Corp., Madison, Heights, MI, USA Annual Report for the Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project Bergin, S.; Oct. 17, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822688; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Syntroleum plant is mechanically complete and currently undergoing start-up. The fuel production and demonstration plan is near completion. The study on the impact of SFP fuel on engine performance is about half-completed. Cold start testing has been completed. Preparations have been completed for testing the fuel in diesel electric generators in Alaska. Preparations are in progress for testing the fuel in bus fleets at Denali National Park and the Washington Metropolitan Transit ity. The experiments and analyses conducted during this project show that Fischer-Tropsch gas-to- liquid diesel fuel can easily be used in a diesel engine with little to no modifications. Additionally, based on the results and discussion presented, further improvements in performance and emissions can be realized by configuring the engine to take advantage of FT diesel fuels properties. The FT fuel also shows excellent cold start properties and enabled the engine tested to start at more the ten degrees than traditional fuels would allow. This plant produced through this project will produce large amounts of Fischer-Tropsch fuel. This will allow the fuel to be tested extensively, in current, prototype, and advanced diesel engines. The fuel may also contribute to the nations energy security. The military has expressed interest in testing the fuel in aircraft and ground vehicles. NTIS Fuel Production; Diesel Fuels; Clean Fuels 20050000010 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance Matthews, R.; Nov. 11, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822387; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) During the first two years of this project, four experimental subtasks were to have begun but only one of these was to have been completed. Additionally, six modeling subtasks were scheduled to begin, five of which were to have been completed. We are on schedule for all but two of these 10 subtasks. The experimental tasks are on schedule. A second round of durability tests has been developed and testing has begun. It is too early to draw conclusions from this second round of durability testing. The test engine has been moved to a new dyno with superior controls. The baseline tests have been repeated, revealing that the engine is somewhat more dilution tolerant than originally concluded. Railplug testing has begun, but it is too early to draw any conclusions from these tests. A new railplug design was generated. It is a hybrid between the coax and parallel designs that we refer to as the semi-parallel railplug. Development of a model for the railplug ignition process was scheduled for completion during the fourth 6-month period. This task consists of three elements. First, a railplug circuit model was developed and validated during the third 6 months. Second, an analytical model was developed for the effects of geometric and circuit parameters on the Lorentz force. From this model, it was concluded that thermal expansion is important to the performance of railplugs. Thermal expansion and other physical effects are incorporated in the numerical model that is the third element of Task 2.2. Although significant progress was made on this last model, unforeseen numerical problems were encountered due to the unusual nature of the boundary conditions for the electromagnetic force. We expect to find a solution to this problem in the near future. We delayed the development of a 3D model for the ignition process until near the end of the project because of the computational time requirements. We can learn most of the important lessons from the 2D model. Delay of this subtask will not affect the timely completion of the project. Progress has also been made in the technology transfer task. A third paper on the ignition process has been drafted. It will be submitted to a journal in the near future. Also, we have begun discussion with Stitt Spark Plug Company regarding commercialization of the railplug. Stitt makes spark plugs for large bore natural gas engines, and for other applications. NTIS Engine Design; Maintenance; Ignition Systems 20050000013 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance Matthews, R.; Sep. 29, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822372; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) 24

During the first 18 months of this project, four experimental subtasks were to have begun but only one of these was to have been completed. Additionally, five modeling subtasks were scheduled to begin, four of which were to have been completed. We are on schedule for all but one of these subtasks. All four experimental tasks are progressing on schedule. Initial durability tests were completed. The conclusions drawn from this first round of durability tests are being used to design the next set of tests. Initial baseline engine data were acquired and showed that the engine selected for this task behaves as hoped. However, the dyno controller is inadequate. The engine will be moved to another dyno during the near future. The modeling tasks are also progressing well. A model for the dynamic response of the ignition circuit was developed and validated. Two technical papers resulting from this model were submitted for publication. Development of a model for the railplug ignition process was begun but was not scheduled for completion. Progress on this task consisted of two subtasks. First, a railplug circuit model was also developed and validated. Second, a model was developed for the physics that govern railplug performance. This initial model incorporated only the effects of the Lorentz force on arc movement. From this model, it is concluded that thermal expansion is important to the performance of railplugs. Thermal expansion, and other physical effects, will be added to the model in the near future. We delayed the development of a 3D model for the ignition process, until near the end of the project because of the computational time requirements. We can learn most of the important lessons from the 2D model. Delay of this subtask will not affect the timely completion of the project. NTIS Ignition Systems; Dynamic Response 20050000098 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development Montgomery, Edward E., IV; September 22, 2004; 7 pp.; In English; 36th Annual Division for Planetary Sciences, 8-10 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy An overview of the rationale and content for Solar Sail Propulsion (SSP), the on-going project to advance solar technology from technology readiness level 3 to 6 will be provided. A descriptive summary of the major and minor component efforts underway will include identification of the technology providers and a listing of anticipated products Recent important results from major system ground demonstrators will be provided. Finally, a current status of all activities will provided along with the most recent roadmap for the SSP technology development program. Solar Sails; Technology Assessment; Spacecraft Propulsion; Space Missions; NASA Space Programs 20050000100 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies James, Bonnie; Munk, Michelle; Moon, Steve; October 27, 2004; 5 pp.; In English; 36th Annual Division for Planetary Science, 8-10 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy Aeroassist technology development is a vital part of the NASA In-Space Propulsion Program (ISP), which is managed by the NASA Headquarters Office of Space Science, and implemented by the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Aeroassist is the general term given to various techniques to maneuver a space vehicle within an atmosphere, using aerodynamic forces in lieu of propulsive fuel. Within the ISP, the current aeroassist technology development focus is aerocapture. The objective of the ISP Aerocapture Technology Project (ATP) is to develop technologies that can enable and/or benefit NASA science missions by significantly reducing cost, mass, and/or travel times. To accomplish this objective, the ATP identifies and prioritizes the most promising technologies using systems analysis, technology advancement and peer review, coupled with NASA Headquarters Office of Space Science target requirements. Plans are focused on developing mid-technology Readiness Level (TRL) technologies to TRL 6 (ready for technology demonstration in space). Aerocapture; NASA Space Programs; Technology Assessment; Spacecraft Propulsion 20050000112 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update Johnson, Les; Alexander, Leslie; Baggett, Randy M.; Bonometti, Joseph A.; Herrmann, Melody; James, Bonnie F.; Montgomery, Sandy E.; October 27, 2004; 8 pp.; In English; 36th Annual Division for Planetary Science, 8-10 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy NASA s In-Space Propulsion Technology Program is investing in technologies that have the potential to revolutionize the robotic exploration of deep space. For robotic exploration and science missions, increased efficiencies of future propulsion 25

systems are critical to reduce overall life-cycle costs and, in some cases, enable missions previously considered impossible. Continued reliance on conventional chemical propulsion alone will not enable the robust exploration of deep space - the maximum theoretical efficiencies have almost been reached and they are insufficient to meet needs for many ambitious science missions currently being considered. The In-Space Propulsion Technology Program s technology portfolio includes many advanced propulsion systems. From the next-generation ion propulsion system operating in the 5- to 10-kW range to aerocapture and solar sails, substantial advances in - spacecraft propulsion performance are anticipated. Some of the most promising technologies for achieving these goals use the environment of space itself for energy and propulsion and are generically called propellantless because they do not require onboard fuel to achieve thrust. Propellantless propulsion technologies include scientific innovations such as solar sails, electrodynamic and momentum transfer.tethers, aeroassist and aerocapture. This paper will provide an overview of both propellantless and propellant-based advanced propulsion technologies, as well as NASA s plans for advancing them as part of the In-Space Propulsion Technology Program. Spacecraft Propulsion; Technology Assessment; NASA Programs 20050000113 Science Applications International Corp., Huntsville, AL, USA Modeling of Spacecraft Advanced Chemical Propulsion Systems Benfield, Michael P. J.; Belcher, Jeremy A.; October 27, 2004; 12 pp.; In English; 36th Annual Division for Planetary Science, 6-10 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper outlines the development of the Advanced Chemical Propulsion System (ACPS) model for Earth and Space Storable propellants. This model was developed by the System Technology Operation of SAIC-Huntsville for the NASA MSFC In-Space Propulsion Project Office. Each subsystem of the model is described. Selected model results will also be shown to demonstrate the model s ability to evaluate technology changes in chemical propulsion systems. Spacecraft Propulsion; Chemical Propulsion 20050000114 Science Applications International Corp., Torrance, CA, USA In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model Byers, David C.; Woodcock, Gordon; Benfield, Michael P. J.; October 27, 2004; 7 pp.; In English; 36th Annual Division for Planetary Science, 8-10 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Multiple, new technologies for chemical systems are becoming available and include high temperature rockets, very light propellant tanks and structures, new bipropellant and monopropellant options, lower mass propellant control components, and zero boil off subsystems. Such technologies offer promise of increasing the performance of in-space chemical propulsion for energetic space missions. A mass model for pressure-fed, Earth and space-storable, advanced chemical propulsion systems (ACPS) was developed in support of the NASA MSFC In-Space Propulsion Program. Data from flight systems and studies defined baseline system architectures and subsystems and analyses were formulated for parametric scaling relationships for all ACPS subsystem. The paper will first provide summary descriptions of the approaches used for the systems and the subsystems and then present selected analyses to illustrate use of the model for missions with characteristics of current interest. Propulsion System Configurations; Chemical Propulsion; Spacecraft Propulsion; Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines 20050009886 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) Martin, Adam; Eskridge, Richard; Fimognan, Peter; Koelfgen, Syri J.; Lee, Mike; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; American Physical Society 46th Annual Meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics, 15-19 Nov. 2004, Savannah, GA, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only A plasmoid is a compact plasma structure with an integral magnetic field, that may be categorized according to the relative strength of the poloidal and toroidal magnetic fields. If B(sup p)/b(sub t) is much greater than 1, it is an FRC; if B(sub p) approximately equals B(sub t), it is a Spheromak. A plasmoid thruster would operate by repetitively producing plasmoids that are accelerated to high velocity. The process is inductive, and the magnetic structure of the plasmoid suppresses thermal and mass losses, and improves detachment of the exhaust. This concept should be capable of producing an Isp in the range of 5,000-10,OOO seconds, with high thrust density. PTX is a device designed to study this concept. The plasmoid is formed inside of a single turn conical theta-pinch coil, driven by a 560 nf, 35 kv capacitor bank. Experiments conducted with a static-fill of propellant gas (6% H2 in He) demonstrated reliable ionization over a pressure range of 40-200 mtorr. A fast gas-puff valve 26

to inject propellant has since been added, and a ringing pre-ionization circuit to independently control ionization has been tested. Hydrogen, deuterium, argon, and an N2/H2 mixture have been tried as propellants. Measurements of the plasmoid shape, mass, and velocity, using a variety of diagnostics will be presented, Plasmas (Physics); Magnetic Fields; Propellants; Spheromaks; High Thrust 20050009887 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand Chavers, Greg; Chang-Diaz, Franklin; Breizman, Boris; Bengtson, Roger; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; American Physical Society 46th Annual Meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics,, 15-19 Nov. 2004, Savannah, GA, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only A device has been developed to measure the force caused by a beam of charged and neutral particles impacting a target plate. This device, an impact thrust stand, was developed to allow thrusters, during early stages of development, to be quickly and easily exhausted and compared to other thrusters. Since some thruster concepts are tested using laboratory equipment that is heavy and cumbersome, measuring the momentum flux of the particles in the plume can be much simpler than placing the entire thruster on a thrust stand. Conservation of momentum requires the momentum flux measured in the plume to be related to the thrust produced by the thruster. The impact thrust stand was designed to be placed in the plume of an electric thruster and has been tested and compared to the thrust measured from a Hall thruster placed on a pendulum thrust stand. Force measurements taken at several axial locations in the magnetic nozzle region of the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket will be presented. Neutral Particles; Charged Particles; VASIMR (Propulsion System); Plumes; Hall Thrusters 20050010039 Porto Univ., Portugal Strategic Negotiation Of Bandwidth In Cooperative Networks Bredin, Jonathan; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 150; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We analyze the scenario where a pair of network devices each periodically relies on the other to handle network traffic. Without immediate reward, the forwarding device incurs an opportunity cost in handling the other s request. We find, however, situations where rational decision makers prefer bandwidth exchange to isolated operation. We base our analysis on a take-or-leave-it protocol inspired by the Rubinstein bargaining model, and extend it to evaluate repeated interaction between pairs of devices. Bandwidth; Contract Negotiation; Network Analysis 20050010067 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH, USA Intelligent Propulsion System Foundation Technology: Summary of Research Williams, James C.; [2004]; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC3-1086; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The purpose of this cooperative agreement was to develop a foundation of intelligent propulsion technologies for NASA and industry that will have an impact on safety, noise, emissions and cost. These intelligent engine technologies included sensors, electronics, communications, control logic, actuators, and smart materials and structures. Furthermore this cooperative agreement helped prepare future graduates to develop the revolutionary intelligent propulsion technologies that will be needed to ensure pre-eminence of the U.S. aerospace industry. The program consisted of three primary research areas (and associated work elements at Ohio universities): 1.0 Turbine Engine Prognostics, 2.0 Active Controls for Emissions and Noise Reduction, and 3.0 Active Structural Controls. Control Systems Design; Propulsion; Turbine Engines; Noise Reduction 20050010250 Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects Mclaughlin, Brian, ; Gonzalez, Derek, ; Hennessey, Kent, ; Eagar, Mark, ; Murray, Al, ; Aug. 2004; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F04611-03-C-0041; Proj-5026 Report No.(s): AD-A427803; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () 27

Briefing charts overview of the Integrated High Payoff Rocket Propulsion Technology(IHPRPT) Phase III Solid Rocket Motor Modeling Program. Ablation; Boundary Layers; Solid Propellant Rocket Engines; Thermochemistry; Two Phase Flow 20050019222 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts Tew, Roy C.; Dyson, Rodger W.; Wilson, Scott D.; Demko, Rikako; November 2004; 17 pp.; In English; Space Technology and Applications International Forum, 13-17 Feb. 2005, Albuquerque, NM, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-972-20-01 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213404; E-14912; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper reports on accomplishments in 2004 in (1) development of Stirling-convertor CFD models at NASA Glenn and via a NASA grant, (2) a Stirling regenerator-research effort being conducted via a NASA grant (a follow-on effort to an earlier DOE contract), and (3) a regenerator-microfabrication contract for development of a next-generation Stirling regenerator. Cleveland State University is the lead organization for all three grant/contractual efforts, with the University of Minnesota and Gedeon Associates as subcontractors. Also, the Stirling Technology Company and Sunpower, Inc. are both involved in all three efforts, either as funded or unfunded participants. International Mezzo Technologies of Baton Rouge, Louisiana is the regenerator fabricator for the regenerator-microfabrication contract. Results of the efforts in these three areas are summarized. Stirling Cycle; Computerized Simulation; Unsteady Flow; Convective Heat Transfer; Computational Fluid Dynamics 20050019223 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development Wong, Wayne A.; December 2004; 14 pp.; In English; Second International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, 16-19 Aug. 2004, Providence, RI, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-972-30-03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213352; AIAA Paper 2004-5515; E-14820; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy NASA s Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology program is developing next generation power conversion technologies that will enable future missions that have requirements that cannot be met by either the ubiquitous photovoltaic systems or by current Radioisotope Power System (RPS) technology. Performance goals of advanced radioisotope power systems include improvement over the state-of-practice General Purpose Heat Source/Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator by providing significantly higher efficiency to reduce the number of radioisotope fuel modules, and increase specific power (watts/kilogram). Other Advanced RPS goals include safety, long-life, reliability, scalability, multi-mission capability, resistance to radiation, and minimal interference with the scientific payload. NASA has awarded ten contracts in the technology areas of Brayton, Stirling, Thermoelectric, and Thermophotovoltaic power conversion including five development contracts that deal with more mature technologies and five research contracts. The Advanced RPS Systems Assessment Team includes members from NASA GRC, JPL, DOE and Orbital Sciences whose function is to review the technologies being developed under the ten Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology contracts and assess their relevance to NASA s future missions. Presented is an overview of the ten radioisotope power conversion technology contracts and NASA s Advanced RPS Systems Assessment Team. NASA Programs; Research and Development; Radioisotope Heat Sources; Technology Utilization; Thermophotovoltaic Conversion 20050019225 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications Kenny, Barbara H.; Kascak, Peter E.; Jansen, Ralph; Dever, Timothy; Santiago, Walter; November 2004; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-319-20-M1 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213356; E-14824; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A novel control algorithm for the charge and discharge modes of operation of a flywheel energy storage system for space applications is presented. The motor control portion of the algorithm uses sensorless field oriented control with position and speed estimates determined from a signal injection technique at low speeds and a back EMF technique at higher speeds. The charge and discharge portion of the algorithm use command feed-forward and disturbance decoupling, respectively, to achieve 28

fast response with low gains. Simulation and experimental results are presented demonstrating the successful operation of the flywheel control up to the rated speed of 60,000 rpm. Flywheels; Energy Storage; Permanent Magnets; International Space Station; Simulation 23 CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to the composition, properties, structure, and use of chemical compounds and materials as they relate to aircraft, launch vehicles, and spacecraft. For specific topics in chemistry and materials see categories 25 through 29. For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics. 20050000004 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA, USA, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium Agnew, S. R.; Zeng, F.; Myneni, G. R.; 2004; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-825072; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge Conventional assessments of the mechanical properties of rolled high RRR niobium plate material via tensile testing have revealed an unusually low apparent Youngs moduli and yield strength in some annealed samples. These observations motivated a series of measurements of ultrasonic velocity, a dynamic assessment of the elastic moduli. In fact, the dynamic modulus is within the range of normal for all samples tested. However, there is a trend of increasing shear velocities for shear waves propagating through the sheet thickness and polarized in the sheet transverse direction. Careful analyses of the crystallographic texture using SEM-based electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) have revealed a subtle, but systematic change in the texture, which can explain the trend. It is further important to note that the change in texture is not observable from surface measurements using x-ray diffraction, but requires sectioning of the samples. Thus, measurements of ultrasonic velocity represent a non-destructive evaluation tool which is extremely sensitive to subtle changes in the texture of RRR niobium. Finally, there are material lot variations, which are currently attributed to the effects of impurities, such as Ta and H. NTIS Niobium; X Ray Diffraction; Textures 20050000008 Idaho Univ., Moscow, ID, USA Solvent Effects on Cesium Complexation with Crown Ethers from Liquid to Supercritical Fluids Wai, C. M.; 2002; 58 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822406; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques were used to study crown ether-water interactions in solvents of low dielectric constants such as chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Water forms a 1:1 complex with a number of crown ethers including 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, dicyclohexano-18=crown-6, dicyclohexano-24-crown 8, and dibenzl-24- crown-8 in chloroform. Among these crown ethers, the 18-crown-6-H2 complex has the largest equilibrium constant (K=545) and 97% of the crown is complexed to water in chloroform. Addition of carbon tetrachloride to chloroform lowers the equilibrium constants of the crown-water complexes. The partition coefficients of crown ethers (D=crown in water/crown in solvent) between water and organic solvent also vary with solvent composition. NTIS Solvents; Supercritical Fluids; Carbon Tetrachloride 20050000009 Massachusetts Univ., Lowell, MA, USA, Los Alamos National Lab., NM Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation Ekhorutomwen, S. A.; Sawan, S. P.; Smith, B. F.; Robison, T. W.; Wilson, K. V.; 2004; 52 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822405; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge The eight average molecular weights, as well as other characteristics such as the second virial coefficients and root-mean-square (RMS) radii of gyration of poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI) and various derivatives, have been determined in solution light scattering studies. The solution dynamics of PEI and carboxylated and phosphorylated derivatives were studied a ph of 3.3, 7. 0 and 10.0. Measurements were made in freshly distilled and de-ionized water as well as in 0.1 M, 1Mand 5-M solutions of sodium chloride in water. Molecular weights were calculated from Berry plots. The purified polymer, PEI-1, 29

gave a molecular weight of 39,600 g/mol., while the same polymer, which was not purified, PEI-2, has MW of 43,100 g/mol. NTIS Light Scattering; Virial Coeffıcients; Gyration 20050000028 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC Status and Future Directions of the High Production Volume Challenge Program 2003; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101655; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The U.S. EPA s High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program is ensuring that basic health and environmental effects data on approximately 2,800 HPV chemicals is made available to the public. Since the Program s inception in 1998, industry chemical manufacturers and importers have participated in the Challenge by sponsoring over 2,200 chemicals. More than 400 companies and 100 consortia have sponsored 1,371 chemicals directly in the Program and an additional 851 chemicals have been sponsored indirectly in an international counterpart to the HPV Challenge Program, the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) HPV Initiative. Three hundred. fty-three test plans have been submitted as of July 2004 for 1,266 of the 1,371 chemicals sponsored directly in the HPV Challenge Program (or 92%). EPA expects that the end of 2004 will be a critical time as sponsors work to fulfill their commitments by submitting test plans and data summaries for the remaining 8% of the sponsored chemicals, and also to submit completed data packages where additional testing was needed. NTIS Environment Effects; Health; Production Planning 20050001307 Porto Univ., Portugal Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process Alvarez, Victoria Pachon; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 68; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In the process of smelting copper mineral a large amount of sulphuric dioxide (SO2) is produced. This compound would be highly pollutant if it was emitted to the atmosphere. By means of an acid plant it is possible to transform it into sulphuric acid, using for this a set of chemical and physical processes. In this way we dispose of a marketable product and, at the same time the environment is protected. However, there are certain situations in which the gases escape to the atmosphere, creating pollutant situations. This would be avoidable if we exactly knew under which circumstances this problem is produced. In this paper we present a practical application of KDD techniques to the chemical industry. By means of the obtained results we show the viability of using automatic classifiers to improve a productive process, with an increase of the production and a decrease of the environmental pollution. Copper; Smelting; Sulfur Dioxides; Environment Pollution; Chemical Engineering; Disposal; Minerals 20050010071 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography Pusey, Marc L.; Forsythe, Elizabeth; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; 2004 International Conference on Structural Genomics, 17-21 Nov. 2004, Washington, DC, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only X-ray crystallography remains the primary method for determining the structure of macromolecules. The first requirement is to have crystals, and obtaining them is often the rate-limiting step. The numbers of crystallization trials that are set up for any one protein for structural genomics, and the rate at which they are being set up, now overwhelm the ability for strictly human analysis of the results. Automated analysis methods are now being implemented with varying degrees of success, but these typically can not reliably extract intermediate results. By covalently modifying a subpopulation, less than or = 1%, of a macromolecule solution with a fluorescent probe, the labeled material will add to a growing crystal as a microheterogeneous growth unit. Labeling procedures can be readily incorporated into the final stages of purification. The covalently attached probe will concentrate in the crystal relative to the solution, and under fluorescent illumination the crystals show up as bright objects against a dark background. As crystalline packing is more dense than amorphous precipitate, the fluorescence intensity can be used as a guide in distinguishing different types of precipitated phases, even in the absence of obvious crystalline features, widening the available potential lead conditions in the absence of clear hits. Non-protein structures, such as salt crystals, will not incorporate the probe and will not show up under fluorescent illumination. Also, brightly fluorescent crystals 30

are readily found against less fluorescent precipitated phases, which under white light illumination may serve to obscure the crystals. Automated image analysis to find crystals should be greatly facilitated, without having to first define crystallization drop boundaries and by having the protein or protein structures all that show up. The trace fluorescently labeled crystals will also emit with sufficient intensity to aid in the automation of crystal alignment using relatively low cost optics, further increasing throughput at synchrotrons. This presentation will focus on the methodology for fluorescent labeling, the crystallization results, and the effects of the trace labeling on the crystal quality. Fluorescence; Crystallography; X Rays; Macromolecules; Amorphous Materials 20050010153 Missouri Univ., Rolla, MO, USA Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II Chandrashekhara, K.; Jun. 2003; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101818; UTC R78-R101; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Polymer matrix composites using renewable resources are currently of great interest. A novel resin system based on soybean oil for pultrusion was synthesized at University of Missouri-Rolla. It is important to set up the process parameters properly in order to obtain high quality pultruded product using soy-based resin system. In Phase I of the project, a combination of experimental and numerical methods was used to investigate the effect of pultrusion process variables on the cure of composites. A mathematical model has been developed and implemented in the commercial ABAQUS finite element code to predict the degree of cure of soy-based composites. The kinetic parameters of the soy-based composites were obtained from differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Glass fiber composite samples were manufactured using pultrusion machine. For experimental verification, an on-line monitoring system was used to measure the temperature profile and the degree of cure of the pultruded soy-based composites measured by DSC. The experimental findings are in good agreement with the finite element prediction. The developed process model can be used to establish optimal pultrusion parameters for soy-based composites. In Phase II of the project, the dynamic mechanical behavior of the soy based resin was investigated as a function of their stoichiometry and nature of the resin. The results indicate that soy resin is capable of damping the sound and vibration over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies. NTIS Polymer Matrix Composites; Composite Structures; Dynamic Characteristics; Fiber Composites; Sandwich Structures 20050010304 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams Saykally, Richard J., ; Oct. 2004; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-02-1-O416 Report No.(s): AD-A427903; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0569; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The objectives of this effort were as follows: (1) extend the technical development of pulsed infrared (IR) cavity ringdown spectroscopy to longer wavelengths and higher spectral resolution; (2) develop its capacity as a general tool for trace gas analysis; and (3) study spectra, structures, hydrogen tunneling dynamics of hydrocarbon ions and complexes of relevance to ion-enhanced combustion processes. High-resolution, pulsed infrared cavity ringdown laser spectroscopy was developed and implemented for the study of carbon clusters and hydrocarbon ions. Several supersonic molecular beam sources of ions and hydrocarbons were constructed and tested by infrared cavity ringdown spectroscopy. The Stokes downconversion of pulsed visible laser radiation into the mid-infrared was explored in solid and liquid hydrogen media in an effort to explore more powerful and convenient infrared sources. Cavity ringdown studies of several different carbon/hydrocarbon systems were carried out. Nine related publications and three conference presentations are listed. Atmospheric Composition; Carbon; Cavities; Gas Analysis; Hydrocarbons; Infrared Radiation; Infrared Spectroscopy; Ion Beams; Ions; Laser Spectroscopy; Trace Elements 20050010349 Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS USA Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils Larson, Steven, ; Tardy, Barbara, ; Beverly, Milton, ; Hearn, Allison, ; Thompson, Michelle, ; Sep. 2004; 66 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428037; ERDC/EL-TR-04-15; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Because of the need for lead containment within small arms firing range (SAFR) impact areas, phosphate amendment has 31

been proposed to reduce the release of lead via the surface and groundwater pathway. Both field and laboratory studies have evaluated the use of phosphates to stabilize lead in SAFR soils. The main goal of these studies was to determine the effectiveness of in situ phosphate treatment by demonstrating that phosphate addition to lead-contaminated soils resulted in soils that were stable to lead- leaching as measured by various standards. Because these studies were conducted using either large- or small-scale field demonstration projects or static laboratory procedures that were not capable of simulating conditions on actual ranges, their predictive value is limited. Prior to expending operational finds for large-scale soil amendment projects, further evaluation of the effectiveness of lead containment using phosphate amendment in a more realistic system is needed. This study evaluated the performance of two phosphate amendments in a more open dynamic system that simulated field conditions at SAFRs. The results of previous laboratory studies were extended by measuring and comparing losses of both soluble and insoluble lead in leachate and runoff from a treated and untreated SAFR soil using specially designed berm lysimeters. A rainfall simulation technique with the capability of increasing rainfall intensity and varying rainfall duration was developed to evaluate lead migration pathways at SAFRs. Contamination; Phosphates; Soil Pollution; Soils 20050010370 ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., Dayton, OH USA Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report Hussain, Saber M., ; Geiss, Kevin T., ; Feb. 2004; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-97-D-5403; Proj-2312 Report No.(s): AD-A428111; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2004-0008; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The potential toxic effects of chromophore powder in primary hepatocytes were investigated. initially, a solubility assessment was conducted in aqueous and organic solutions. The solubility test showed that the chromophore powder is soluble in DMSO at 0.001 mg/ml, while not in water or ethyl alcohol. Therefore, DMSO was selected as the solvent for the dose range finding study. For initial toxicity evaluations, mitochondrial function (MTT assay), lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH assay) and the morphology of cells were assessed for primary hepatocytes under control or exposed conditions (2 hour treatment followed by 24 h of incubation in fresh media). The microscopic studies demonstrated that chromophore-exposed cells at the doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/ml became abnormal in size displaying shrinkage and irregular shape. The results showed that chromophore powder had no measurable effect on mitochondrial function. However, LDH assay showed a significant increase in LDH release at 0. lmg/ml, while there was no change at 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml. The dose range finding study indicates that chromophore powder displayed limited toxicity in vitro at increasing dose. Chromophores; Dosage; Powder (Particles); Rangefinding; Toxicity 24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of laminates and other composite materials. 20050009888 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA, BAE Systems, Huntsville, AL, USA Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites Sen, S.; Kar, S. K.; Catalina, A. V.; Stefanescu, D. M.; Dhindaw, B. K.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; International Conference on Solidification Science and Processing, Emerging Trends, 17-20 Nov. 2004, Bangalore, India Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-02096; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Due to certain inherent advantages, in-situ production of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) have received considerable attention in the recent past. ln-situ techniques typically involve a chemical reaction that results in precipitation of a ceramic reinforcement phase. The size and spatial distribution of these precipitates ultimately determine the mechanical properties of these MMCs. In this paper we will investigate the validity of using classical growth laws and analytical expressions to describe the interaction between a precipitate and a solid-liquid interface (SLI) to predict the size and spatial evolution of the in-situ generated precipitates. Measurements made on size and distribution of Tic precipitates in a Ni&I matrix will be presented to test the validity of such an approach. Metal Matrix Composites; Precipitates; Chemical Reactions; Ceramics; Mechanical Properties; Size Distribution 32

20050010115 Missouri Univ., Rolla, MO, USA Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete Myers, J.; Nanni, A.; Micelli, F.; Jun. 2002; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101811; UTC R49; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Over the last decade fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement consisting of glass, carbon, or aramid fibers embedded in a resin such as vinyl ester, epoxy, or polyester has emerged as one of the most promising and affordable solutions to the corrosion problems of steel reinforcement in structural concrete. Another application of FRP rods in construction was developed to retrofit and repair reinforced concrete (RC) and masonry structures, using a recently developed technology known as near surface mounted (NSM) rods. The application of FRP rods in new or damaged structures requires the development of design equations that must take into account the mechanical properties and the durability properties of FRP products. The mechanical properties measurement requires special test methods developed for FRP products, since it is known that the mechanical properties are related to the direction and content of fibers. Technical codes and standards were developed in Japan, Canada and U.S.A. in order to assure the structural safety, as it regards the recent applications of these materials in civil engineering. Several concerns are still related to the structural behavior under severe environmental and load conditions for long-time exposures. For the case of glass FRP rods, is the high ph of the pore water solution (ph=12.5-13) created during the hydration of the concrete. In this study an effective tensile test method is described for a mechanical characterization of FRP rods. Several FRP specimens with different sizes and surface characteristics were tested to validate the proposed procedure. An effort has also been made to develop an experimental protocol to study the effects of accelerated ageing on FRP rods. The physico-mechanical properties of six types of commercial carbon and glass FRP rods were investigated; the rods were subjected to alkaline solution exposure, and environmental agents, including freeze-thaw, high relative humidity, high temperature and ultraviolet (UV) radiations exposure. The mechanical properties were investigated by performing tensile and short beam tests. A further investigation was carried out at a micro-level using SEM microscopy. NTIS Fiber Composites; Reinforcing Fibers; Polymers; Concrete Structures; Mechanical Properties 20050010131 Missouri Univ., Rolla, MO, USA Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete Thiagarajan, G.; Borwankar, A. D.; Varghese, A. G.; Kadam, S. D.; Jun. 2003; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101821; UTC R87; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The aim of the experimental research is to quantify the bonding properties of FRP rods made of carbon (CFRP) and glass (GFRP) with concrete by conducting two sets of experiments. The first set of experiments would involve pullout tests using vertical bond specimens. The tests would be in accordance with the ACI-440k provisions. Provisions of some recommended bond parameters in ACI 440 R.1 (released in 2001), such as K2 and K3 would be evaluated by performing an analytical study on the experimental data. NTIS Concretes; Bonding; Reinforcing Fibers; Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics; Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics 20050019233 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane Murthy, Pappu L. N.; Nemeth, Noel N.; Brewer, David N.; Mital, Subodh; November 2004; 22 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-714-30-20 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213331; E-14792; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy To demonstrate the advanced composite materials technology under development within the Ultra-Efficient Engine Technology (UEET) Program, it was planned to fabricate, test, and analyze a turbine vane made entirely of silicon carbide-fiber-reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite (SiC/SiC CMC) material. The objective was to utilize a five-harness satin weave melt-infiltrated (MI) SiC/SiC composite material developed under this program to design and fabricate a stator vane that can endure 1000 hours of engine service conditions. The vane was designed such that the expected maximum stresses were kept within the proportional limit strength of the material. Any violation of this design requirement was considered as the failure. This report presents results of a probabilistic analysis and reliability assessment of the vane. Probability of failure to meet the design requirements was computed. In the analysis, material properties, strength, and pressure loading were considered as random variables. The pressure loads were considered normally distributed with a nominal variation. A temperature profile on the vane was obtained by performing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and was assumed 33

to be deterministic. The results suggest that for the current vane design, the chance of not meeting design requirements is about 1.6 percent. Ceramic Matrix Composites; Probability Theory; Pressure Distribution; Fiber Composites; Matrix Materials 25 INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Includes the analysis, synthesis, and use of inorganic and organic compounds; combustion theory; electrochemistry; and photochemistry. For related information see category 34 Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics. For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics. 20050000104 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity Li, C.; Su, C.; Lehoczky, S. L.; Scripa, R. N.; Ban, H.; Lin, B.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The thermophysical properties of liquid Te, namely, density, electrical conductivity, and viscosity, were determined using the pycnometric and transient torque methods from the melting point of Te (723 K) to approximately 1150 K. A maximum was observed in the density of liquid Te as the temperature was increased. The electrical conductivity of liquid Te increased to a constant value of 2.89 x 10(exp 5 OMEGA-1m-1) as the temperature was raised above 1000 K. The viscosity decreased rapidly upon heating the liquid to elevated temperatures. The anomalous behaviors of the measured properties are explained as caused by the structural transitions in the liquid and discussed in terms of Eyring s and Bachiskii s predicted behaviors for homogeneous liquids. The Properties were also measured as a function of time after the liquid was coded from approximately 1173 or 1123 to 823 K. No relaxation phenomena were observed in the properties after the temperature of liquid Te was decreased to 823 K, in contrast to the relaxation behavior observed for some of the Te compounds. Electrical Resistivity; Liquids; Thermophysical Properties; Viscosity; Tellurium; Density (Mass/Volume) 20050010126 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O Bernstein, M. P.; Mattioda, A. L.; Sandford, S. A.; Hudgins, D. M.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): 344-58-21-02; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common throughout the universe. Their detection and identification are based on telescopic infrared (IR) spectra compared with laboratory data. Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles (PANHs) are heterocyclic aromatics i.e., PAHs with carbon atoms replaced by a nitrogen atom. These molecules should be present in the interstellar medium, but have received relatively little attention. We present mid-ir spectra of two PANHs, quinoline (C9H7N), and phenanthridine (C13H9N) isolated in solid argon and frozen in solid H2O at 12 K, conditions yielding data directly comparable to astronomical observations. In contrast to simple PAHs, that do not interact strongly with solid H2O, the nitrogen atoms in PANHs are potentially capable of hydrogen bonding with H2O. Whereas the IR spectrum of phenanthridine in H2O is similar to that of the same compound isolated in an argon matrix, quinoline absorptions shift up to 16 cm(sup -1) (0.072 mm) between argon and H2O. Thus, astronomers will not always be able to rely on IR band positions of matrix isolated PANHs to correctly interpret the absorptions of PANHs frozen in H2O ice grains. Furthermore, our data suggest that relative band areas also vary, so determining column densities to better than a factor of 3 will require knowledge of the matrix in which the PANH is embedded and laboratory studies of relevant samples. Heterocyclic Compounds; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Nitrogen Atoms; Infrared Spectra; Quinoline; Solidified Gases; Water 20050010158 General Atomics Co., San Diego, CA Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur-Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle Brown, L. C.; Lentsch, R. D.; Besenbruch, G. E.; Schultz, K. R.; Funk, J. E.; Feb. 2003; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821952; GA-A24266; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge A hydrogen economy will need significant new sources of hydrogen. Unless large-scale carbon sequestration can be 34

economically implemented, use of hydrogen reduces greenhouse gases only if the hydrogen is produced with non-fossil energy sources. Nuclear energy is one of the limited options available. One of the promising approaches to produce large quantities of hydrogen from nuclear energy efficiently is the Sulfur-Iodine (S-I) thermochemical water-splitting cycle, driven by high temperature heat from a helium Gas-Cooled Reactor. They have completed a study of nuclear-driven thermochemical water-splitting processes. The final task of this study was the development of a flowsheet for a prototype S-I production plant. An important element of this effort was the evaluation of alternative flowsheets and selection of the reference design. NTIS Hydrogen Production; Flow Stability; Thermochemical Properties; Thermochemistry 20050010277 Toledo Univ., OH USA Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes Stasko, Daniel, ; Jan. 2004; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-03-1-0080 Report No.(s): AD-A427843; ARO-45554.3-CH-DRP; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The goal of this project was to utilize weakly coordinating anion technology to produce new materials for use as proton conducting electrolytes. The main focus of the work was protonated arene ionomers. The protonated arenes have not met the requirements of thermal stability and proton conductivity. Continuation of the research effort on a more fruitful class of materials has led to a wide range of compounds based upon WCAs that have been shown to be applicable to some of the problems facing proton conducting electrolytes. A number of thermally stable materials have been generated with mild proton conductivity, but temperature ranges up to 400 degrees C. Materials based upon hydroxylated boranes appear particularly promising due to similarity in basicity to water. Application of these materials as water surrogates may enhance current proton conducting materials. (10 figures, 19 refs.) Anions; Boranes; Conductors; Electrolytes; High Temperature; Hydronium Ions; Polymers; Protons; Solid Electrolytes 20050010285 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts Drake, Gregory W., ; Hawkins, Tommy W., ; Hall, Leslie, ; Boatz, Jerry, ; Brand, Adam J., ; Jul. 2004; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1011 Report No.(s): AD-A427861; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Reactions using the high nitrogen heterocycle 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazole (guanazine) with strong acids (HN03, HCl04, and HN(N02)2 ) resulted in a family of highly stable salts. All of the salts were characterized using spectroscopic as well as single crystal x-ray diffraction studies. The x-ray structures are compared to that obtained from theoretical calculations (MP2/6-311+G(d,p) level). Initial safety testing (impact, friction) was carried out on all of the new materials. Heterocyclic Compounds; Nitrogen Compounds 20050010331 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides Weber, Eicke R., ; Dec. 2003; 60 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-1-0151; Proj-2305 Report No.(s): AD-A427968; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0575; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Stoichiometry-related effects in various group III-nitrides and some GaAs-based materials were investigated. An essential part of this study were low-frequency (LF) noise analyses. The new LF-noise system, acquired with an AFOSR DURIP grant (no. F49620-01-1-0285) was set up and calibrated. LF-noise spectroscopy was then applied to GOI-based MESFETs (noise caused by excess arsenic-related defects) and AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (channel noise related to an early 2D/3D growth transition for high Al-containing AlGaN layers rather than a dislocation-related strain relaxation process). Both device types were processed at UC Berkeley. Different nitride materials were evaluated for their potential for engineering non-stoichiometric epilayers (intentional manipulation of native defect population). In carbon-doped GaN a new insight into the nature of the ubiquitous yellow luminescence (YL) was gained. The strong Yb. was found to be caused by \g a dopant-related effect and to be independent of the concentration of gallium vacancies. Furthermore, co-doping with silicon greatly increased the Yb. which gives further evidence for a donor-acceptor complex as origin of the YL. These studies provide a first proof that a 35

second mechanism for YL exists in GaN that is independent of the presence of Ga vacancies. Consequently, the trapping-detrapping of carriers at deep defects causing noise in carbon doped GaN device structures is dominated by doping-related defects rather then any native defects. A vacancy-related defect was found in post-irradiated GaN, the investigation of vacancy incorporation upon various growth related conditions and its control requires further research. Defects; Gallium Arsenides; Gallium Nitrides; Nitrides; Stoichiometry 20050010332 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates Speck, James S., ; Mishra, Umesh K., ; Nov. 2004; 117 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-00-1-0286; Proj-2305B Report No.(s): AD-A427969; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0577; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy In this program we are developing novel strain relaxed templates for device applications including low noise amplifiers. The approach we are investigating utilizes the process of relaxation of a coherent hypercritical thickness strained semiconductor overlayer (e.g., InGaAs). In the first two years of this program, we had focused on the relaxation of a strained layer in direct contact with an oxidizing Al containing semiconductor (AlAs or AlGaAs). In the third year of this program, most of our efforts were focused on determining the origin of the commonly observed cross-hatch morphology in strain-relaxed misfitting layers. We have also discovered new dislocation-related relaxation mechanisms in the group III nitrides. Finally, we have also provided new insight and modeling of threading dislocation reduction in lateral epitaxial overgrowth. Amplifiers; Lattice Vibrations; Semiconductors (Materials); Stress Relaxation; Substrates 20050010333 California Univ., Davis, CA USA Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications Kauzlarich, Susan M., ; Jun. 2004; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-03-1-0397; AFOSR-03NE141 Report No.(s): AD-A427972; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0573; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The authors have developed a new route for the synthesis of alkyl terminated Germanium (Ge) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are stable and uniform in size. This is an important first step for determining how to prepare a Ge film from Ge nanoparticles. Preliminary TEM indicates that the melting point of the Ge nanoparticles will be significantly lower than that of the bulk (937 degrees C). Once the melting point is known, the authors can experiment with polymeric substrates for the preparation of Ge films with the ultimate goal of producing flexible GaAs-based solar panels. These are expected to be lightweight, high power density solar panels that would be useful for space applications. (3 figures, 12 refs.) Crystal Structure; Gallium Arsenides; Germanium; Melting Points; Nanocrystals; Nanostructures (Devices); Panels; Solar Cells; Thin Films 20050010358 Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI USA Dynamics of O(3P) Reactions with Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Hydrocarbons Hase, William L., ; Nov. 2004; 36 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-02-1-0401 Report No.(s): AD-A428076; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0594; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This final report describes the initial two phases of the overall project. In the first phase, accurate barriers and energetics were calculated for 7 reactions involved in O(3P) oxidation of hydrocarbons. This was done by MRCI/ CASSCF ab initio calculations with cc-pvtz and cc-pvqz basis sets and extrapolation to the complete basis set limit. For collisions of highenergy O(3P) atoms with hydrocarbons, the radical products contain sufficient internal energy to undergo unimolecular decomposition. Tests showed that PMP2//UMP2/cc-PVTZ gives accurate energies and transition state properties for these reactions, and this information was also used to characterize the potential energy surface for hydrocarbon oxidation. In the second phase, the PM3 semiempirical quantum chemistry method, with a UHF wavefunction, was modified and parameterized with specific reaction parameters (SRPs) to fit the ab initio barriers, reactions energies, and geometries determined in phase 1. The resulting method, PM3-SRP, gives a good fit to the ab initio data. The PM3-SRP method was tested in a trajectory study 36

of the O(3P) + C2H6 \g OH + C2H5 reaction dynamics. The results agree with experiment. Hydrocarbons; Oxidation 20050010372 Wright State Univ., Dayton, OH USA Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Clewell, Rebecca A., ; Brashear, Wayne T., ; Tsui, David T., ; Chaudhuri, Sanwat, ; Cassady, Rachel S., ; Oct. 1998; 33 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): 41624-96-C-9010; Proj-1710 Report No.(s): AD-A428122; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-1998-0145; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A new method involving the use of electrospray mass spectrometry was developed for the detection of trace levels of perchlorate in ground water and drinking water. Electrospray mass spectrometry was shown to be both sensitive and selective for the detection of perchlorate in aqueous matrices. The method detection limit was calculated to be 0.38 ppb. improvement of more than order of magnitude over the currently accepted method. Percent recovery for the detection of perchlorate with this method was found to be 82.4%. Ground Water; Mass Spectroscopy; Perchlorates; Potable Water 26 METALS AND METALLIC MATERIALS Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of metals and metallic materials; and metallurgy. 20050000103 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids Lee, G. W.; Gangopadhyay, A. K.; Kelton, K. F.; Bradshaw, R. C.; Hyers, R. W.; Rathz, T. J.; Rogers, J. R.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only If crystallization can be avoided, liquids enter a metastable (undercooled) state below their equilibrium liquidus temperatures, T(sub l), finally freezing into a glass below a characteristic temperature called the glass transition temperature, T(sub g). In rare cases, the undercooled liquid may undergo a liquid-liquid phase transition (liquid polymorphism) before entering the glassy state. This has been suggested from experimental studies of H2O and Si. Such phase transitions have been predicted in some stable liquids, ie. above T(sub l) at atmospheric pressure, for SiO2 and BeF2, but these have not been verified experimentally. They have been observed in liquids of P, Si and C, but only under high pressure. In this letter we present the first experimental evidence for a phase transition in a low viscosity metallic liquid that is driven by an approach to a constant entropy configuration state and correlated with a growing icosahedral order in the liquid. A maximum in the specific heat at constant pressure, similar to what is normally observed near T(sub g), is reported for undercooled liquids of quasicrystal-forming Ti-Zr-Ni alloys. A two-state excitation model that includes cooperativity by incorporating a temperaturedependent excitation energy, fits the specific heat data well, signaling a phase transition. An inflection in the liquid density with decreasing temperature instead of a discontinuity indicates that this is not a typical first order phase transition; it could be a weakly first order or higher order transition. While showing many similarities to a glass transition, this liquid-liquid phase transition occurs in a mobile liquid, making it novel. Titanium Alloys; Zirconium Alloys; Nickel Alloys; Phase Transformations; Supercooling; Liquid Metals 20050010228 Sarnoff Corp., Princeton, NJ USA End Resonances for Atomic Clocks Post, A. B., ; Jau, Y. Y., ; Kuzma, N. N., ; Braun, A. M., ; Lipp, S., ; Sep. 2004; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NBCHC020045 Report No.(s): AD-A427749; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () we discuss advantages of the end resonances for miniaturized, chip-scale atomic clocks based on alkali-vapor cells filled with high-pressure buffer gases. Compared to the commonly used 0-0 resonance clock design, these advantages include a high signal-to-noise ratio, a narrower linewidth at high vapor densities, and a significantly reduced sensitivity to the frequency stability of the pump laser at high buffer-gas pressure. We report our measurements of the (133) Cs resonance linewidth for 37

both 0-0 and end transitions, and give the estimates of the (133) Cs resonance-damping rates due to N(sub 2) buffer gas. Finally, we demonstrate a 1 khz end resonance linewidth in a MEMS-fabricated microcell containing cesium and 1 atm N(sub 2). Atomic Clocks 20050010286 Hanyang Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion Shin, Dong H., ; Feb. 2003; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F62562-02-P-0230 Report No.(s): AD-A427863; AOARD-014027; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report covers efforts to use equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) to produce a fine-grained structure in Ti and Ti-6Al-4V. Both materials were successfully produced. Details of processing and resulting microstructures (phase morphology, grain size, texture, dislocation and twin substructures) are presented and discussed. Ti alloys are a mixture of hexagonal-close-packed and body-centered-cubic crystal structures. Plastic deformation is accommodated by a mixture of dislocation motion and twinning. Aluminum Alloys; Extruding; Grain Size; Titanium Alloys; Vanadium Alloys 20050019231 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy Walston, S.; Cetel, A.; MacKay, R.; OHara, K.; Duhl, D.; Dreshfield, R.; December 2004; 17 pp.; In English; 10th International Symposium on Superalloys, 19-23 Sep. 2004, Champion, PA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-714-04-06 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213062; E-14524; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A new, fourth generation, single crystal superalloy has been jointly developed by GE Aircraft Engines, Pratt & Whitney, and NASA. The focus of the effort was to develop a turbine airfoil alloy with long-term durability for use in the High Speed Civil Transport. In order to achieve adequate long-time strength improvements at moderate temperatures and retain good microstructural stability, it was necessary to make significant composition changes from 2nd and 3rd generation single crystal superalloys. These included lower chromium levels, higher cobalt and rhenium levels and the inclusion of a new alloying element, ruthenium. It was found that higher Co levels were beneficial to reducing both TCP precipitation and SRZ formation. Ruthenium caused the refractory elements to partition more strongly to the phase, which resulted in better overall alloy stability. The final alloy, EPM 102, had significant creep rupture and fatigue improvements over the baseline production alloys and had acceptable microstructural stability. The alloy is currently being engine tested and evaluated for advanced engine applications. Heat Resistant Alloys; Mechanical Properties; Creep Properties; Ruthenium; Rhenium 27 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of plastics, elastomers, lubricants, polymers, textiles, adhesives, and ceramic materials. For composite materials see 24 Composite Materials. 20050009913 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Metallic Hydrogen and Nano-Tube Magnets Cole, John W.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Army s National Ground Intelligence Center Workshop, 3-5 Nov. 2004, Charlottesville, VA, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only When hydrogen is subjected to enough pressure the atoms will be pressed into close enough proximity that each electron is no longer bound to a single proton. The research objectives is to find whether metallic hydrogen can be produced and once produced will the metallic hydrogen be metastable and remain in the metallic form when the pressure is released. Metallic Hydrogen; Metastable State; Nanotubes 38

20050010192 Pittsburgh Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior Balazs, Anna C., ; Jasnow, David, ; Oct. 2004; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0574 Report No.(s): AD-A427553; ARO-41869.1-CH; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Using theory and simulation, our goal was to: * Determine the morphology of mixtures of nanoscopic rods and polymers * Establish routes for driving nanoscopic spheres to self-assemble into rod-like or percolating structures within the polymers * Predict the macroscopic properties of the reinforced polymers In order to carry out these studies, we employed hybrid models that we recently developed to investigate both the dynamic and equilibrium properties of nanocomposites. Our CH/BD model integrates a Cahn-Hilliard (CH) theory for binary blends with a Brownian dynamics (BD) simulation for nanoparticles to capture the structural evolution of the mixture. Our SCE/DET combines a self-consistent field theory (SCFT) for diblock copolymers and density functional theory (DFT) for particles to generate the equilibrium morphology of the system. The structural information that we obtained from the CH/BD and SCF/DFT studies was then used to compute the mechanical, electrical or optical properties of the composite. In this manner, we could meet our goal of not only charactering the structure of the mixture but also, determining the macroscopic properties of those specific materials. Such studies are vital for establishing fundamental structure-property relationships for nanocomposites. Composite Materials; Mechanical Properties; Morphology; Rods 20050010205 Columbia Univ., New York, NY USA The Molecular Design of Smart Polymer Surfaces Koberstein, Jeffrey T., ; Oct. 2004; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-00-1-0104 Report No.(s): AD-A427645; ARO-41223.10-MS; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Our long-term objective is to develop two new concepts for molecular design of smart polymer surfaces: end functional surface active block copolymers to create smart surfaces with selective adhesion properties, and surfaces with properties that can be switched with light. In the former case, chain interpenetration, if present, does not contribute significantly to the interfacial energy release rate; adhesion enhancement is only observed when the copolymer terminus reacts with the adherand. Complementary to these studies, endfunctional homopolymers are studied as model systems reflecting the character of all functional polymer surfaces. The lattice model we developed successfully reproduces functional polymer surface tensions, end group concentration depth profiles measured by angle dependant x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ADXPS), and surface structural changes accompanying surface reorganization. Two novel technologies have been developed that produce surfaces with chemical structures that can be switched upon illumination with light. Surface active block copolymers are employed to create surfaces with micropatterned carboxylic acid groups on polymeric substrates. End-functional azo compounds are used to produce chemically and physically patterned surfaces on gold substrates. In the latter case, surface functionality can be switched reversibly by photophysical induced conformational changes, while irreversible chemical changes can be achieved by photolysis reactions. Polymers; Surface Properties 20050010268 Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA USA Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites Hopkins, A. R., ; Sawall, D. D., ; Villahermosa, R. M., ; Lipeles, R. A., ; Aug. 2004; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8802-04-C-0001 Report No.(s): AD-A427830; TR-2004(8565)-7; SMC-TR-05-04; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this work, polyaniline/poly(sulfonated styrene) nanofiber composites were prepared by an interfacial method. The in-situ polymerization technique of these PANI nanofibers in the presence of sulfonated polystyrene allowed for the growth of PANI 2-D nanostructures embedded in the polymerized sulfonated host. This facile approach enables a self-assembly of these nanofibers into a workable, robust, conductive composite that can be processed and cast from water. A low accelerating voltage SEM was used to image these twisted fibers within the bulk of the cast film. In addition, the SEM confirmed the self-assembly of these 40-50 nm fibers within the host PSS to yield an electrically conducting composite film. Nanotechnology; Polystyrene 39

28 PROPELLANTS AND FUELS Includes rocket propellants, igniters, and oxidizers; their storage and handling procedures; and aircraft fuels. For nuclear fuels see 73 Nuclear Physics. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion. 20050009897 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study Woodcock, Gordon; Byers, Dave; Alexander, Leslie A.; Krebsbach, Al; October 27, 2004; 14 pp.; In English; 36th Annual Division for Planetary Science, 8-10 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A study was performed of advanced chemical propulsion technology application to space science (Code S) missions. The purpose was to begin the process of selecting chemical propulsion technology advancement activities that would provide greatest benefits to Code S missions. Several missions were selected from Code S planning data, and a range of advanced chemical propulsion options was analyzed to assess capabilities and benefits re these missions. Selected beneficial applications were found for higher-performing bipropellants, gelled propellants, and cryogenic propellants. Technology advancement recommendations included cryocoolers and small turbopump engines for cryogenic propellants; space storable propellants such as LOX-hydrazine; and advanced monopropellants. It was noted that fluorine-bearing oxidizers offer performance gains over more benign oxidizers. Potential benefits were observed for gelled propellants that could be allowed to freeze, then thawed for use. Chemical Propulsion; Cryogenic Rocket Propellants; Engine Design; Gelled Propellants; Liquid Rocket Propellants; Storable Propellants 29 SPACE PROCESSING Includes space-based development of materials, compounds, and processes for research or commercial application. Also includes the development of materials and compounds in simulated reduced-gravity environments. For legal aspects of space commercialization see 84 Law, Political Science and Space Policy. 20050009800 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida Phillips, Winfred; Evanich, Peggy L.; December 2004; 28 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG10-316; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications grant was funded by NASA s Kennedy Space Center in FY 2002 to provide dedicated biotechnology and agricultural research focused on the regeneration of space flight environments with direct parallels in Earth-based applications for solving problems in the environment, advances in agricultural science, and other human support issues amenable to targeted biotechnology solutions. This grant had three project areas, each with multiple tasks. They are: 1) Space Agriculture and Biotechnology Research and Education, 2) Integrated Smart Nanosensors for Space Biotechnology Applications, and 3) Commercial Applications. The Space Agriculture and Biotechnology Research and Education (SABRE) Center emphasized the fundamental biology of organisms involved in space flight applications, including those involved in advanced life support environments because of their critical role in the long-term exploration of space. The SABRE Center supports research at the University of Florida and at the Space Life Sciences Laboratory (SLSL) at the Kennedy Space Center. The Integrated Smart Nanosensors for Space Biotechnology Applications component focused on developing and applying sensor technologies to space environments and agricultural systems. The research activities in nanosensors were coordinated with the SABRE portions of this grant and with the research sponsored by the NASA Environmental Systems Commercial Space Technology Center located in the Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences. Initial sensor efforts have focused on air and water quality monitoring essential to humans for living and working permanently in space, an important goal identified in NASA s strategic plan. The closed environment of a spacecraft or planetary base accentuates cause and effect relationships and environmental impacts. The limited available air and water resources emphasize the need for reuse, recycling, and system monitoring. It is essential to collect real-time information from these systems to ensure crew safety. This new class of nanosensors will be critical to monitoring the space flight environment in future NASA space systems. The Commercial Applications component of this program pursued industry partnerships to develop products for terrestrial use of NASA sponsored technologies, and in turn to stimulate growth in the biotechnology industry. For technologies demonstrating near term commercial potential, the objective is to include industry partners on or 40

about the time of proof of concept that will not only co-invest in the technology but also take the resultant technology to the commercial market. Aerospace Engineering; Aerospace Systems; Biotechnology; Closed Ecological Systems; Life Support Systems; Space Commercialization; Space Laboratories; Technology Utilization; Agriculture 31 ENGINEERING (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to engineering and applied physics, and particular areas of vacuum technology, industrial engineering, cryogenics, and fire prevention. For specific topics in engineering see categories 32 through 39. 20050010068 Helsinki Univ., Helsinki, Finland Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian Salo, Mikko; Martio, Olli, Editor; 2004; ISSN 1239-6303; 71 pp.; In English Report No.(s): Rept-139; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The inverse conductivity problem has attracted a great deal of interest in the last 25 years, and both its theoretical and applied aspects have been under intense study. The problem forms the basis for an imaging method called electrical impedance tomography. Physically, the idea is to find the electrical conductivity of a body by making current and voltage measurements at the boundary. Possible applications include medical imaging, geophysical prospection, and nondestructive testing of mechanical parts. Derived from text Electrical Resistivity; Nondestructive Tests; Tomography; Electrical Impedance 20050010180 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project Eichenberg, Dennis J.; November 2004; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-794-40-51 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213344; E-14812; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The NASA John H. Glenn Research Center initiated baseline testing of ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Transportation (NGLT) project to obtain empirical data for determining the feasibility of using ultracapacitors for the project. There are large transient loads associated with NGLT that require either a very large primary energy source or an energy storage system. The primary power source used for these tests is a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The energy storage system can consist of devices such as batteries, flywheels, or ultracapacitors. Ultracapacitors were used for these tests. Ultracapacitors are ideal for applications such as NGLT where long life, maintenance-free operation, and excellent low-temperature performance is essential. State-of-the-art symmetric ultracapacitors were used for these tests. The ultracapacitors were interconnected in an innovative configuration to minimize interconnection impedance. PEM fuel cells provide excellent energy density, but not good power density. Ultracapacitors provide excellent power density, but not good energy density. The combination of PEM fuel cells and ultracapacitors provides a power source with excellent energy density and power density. The life of PEM fuel cells is shortened significantly by large transient loads. Ultracapacitors used in conjunction with PEM fuel cells reduce the transient loads applied to the fuel cell, and thus appreciably improves its life. PEM fuel cells were tested with and without ultracapacitors, to determine the benefits of ultracapacitors. The report concludes that the implementation of symmetric ultracapacitors in the NGLT power system can provide significant improvements in power system performance and reliability. Fuel Cells; Electrochemical Capacitors; Flux Density; Hybrid Propulsion; Ambient Temperature 20050010207 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Common Time Reference for Naval Systems Beard, Ronald L., ; White, Joseph D., ; Detoma, Edoardo, ; DuPuis, Patty, ; Oct. 2004; 66 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427684; NRL/FR/8150--04-10; 079; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () A Common Time Reference (CTR) is a critical factor in the development of new force capabilities, and perhaps the most difficult to achieve without dependence upon GPS. A technical architecture linking the systems on a common reference 41

framework using their existing time and frequency standards was examined as the most effective approach to achieving interoperable systems. To build an inter-systems architecture within the existing system and platform infrastructure will require a fundamental change in adopting interoperable interfaces and more extensive management of the fabric of technical parameters. The foundation of this new architecture can be built upon the existing infrastructure distributed throughout the legacy and developing systems. The means of providing the elements for this architecture and supporting infrastructure is the objective of this report. The interconnection of assets provides the means for synchronization and coherent system operation. Frequency Standards; Time Measurement; Time Signals 20050010240 Gosstandard of Russia, Moscow, Russia The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation Krutikov, V., ; Kostromin, V., ; Koshelyaevsky, N., ; Sep. 2004; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427779; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The paper describes the State Service for Time and Frequency of the Russian Federation. The paper starts with brief historical information. Then the modern legal status and organizational structure of the State Service are described. Because the measurement abilities and accuracy level of the State Service are defined on the basis of standards, the paper contains a traceability chart, the composition, and the performance of the State Standard for Time and Frequency and the network of secondary laboratories spreading from Moscow to Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky in the Kamchatka peninsula. Taking into account qualified personnel, high performance, and a very advantageous geographical location, today the knowledge and instrumentation of the State Service are involved in many state programs requiring precise time and coordinates support, as well as in traditional activities. Frequencies; Organizations; Russian Federation 20050010246 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Brunswick, Germany An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency Piester, D., ; Bauch, A., ; Becker, J., ; Polewka, T., ; Sep. 2004; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427791; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Recent activities in the field of time and frequency pursued at PTB were directed towards an improvement in quality and reliability of services offered by PTB. The infrastructure for realizing the time scale UTC (PTB) and the monitoring of PTB s time services was modernized. Several calibration exercises were conducted which resulted in an improved knowledge of internal delays of PTB s time comparison equipment. As the foundation of our work, we continued the operation of the primary clocks CS1 and CS2, and of the cold-atom cesium fountain CSF1. Clocks; Frequencies 20050010288 Observatoire Cantonal, Neuchatel, Switzerland Development of New RB Clocks in Observatoire De Neuchatel Affolderbach, C., ; Mileti, G., ; Sep. 2004; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427867; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy We present our ongoing development of a compact (\h1.5 liters) and high-performance (10(-14) at 10(4) s) laser-pumped rubidium clock for space applications like, e.g., satellite navigation systems (GALILEO). A compact laser head was developed that includes frequency stabilization of the pump light to a reference cell. Recent clock stability results obtained with this laser head reach 2*10(-13) at 1000s, limited mainly by residual cell temperature coefficients and light shift effects. We discuss strategies to overcome these limitations and the relationship between the stabilities of the pump laser and the clock. Comparisons of the laser and clock frequency stabilities are presented for stabilization to both Doppler and sub-doppler spectroscopy. Atomic Clocks; Clocks 42

32 COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR Includes radar; radio, wire, and optical communications; land and global communications; communications theory. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking; for search and rescue, see 03 Air Transportation and Safety; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety. 20050000006 Transtek, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, USA Wireless Mine-Wide Telecommunications Technology Meiksin, Z. H.; Jan. 2004; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822690; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge We built and tested a vehicle (people) tracking system. The system detects and identifies moving objects when they approach within a distance of 20 to 30 feet from a beacon that designates the location. A test vehicle and its location identities were transmitted to Transteks in-mine wireless communications system. This system, in turn, relayed the information to a desktop monitor. While the system functioned as required, it is recommended that a variation of the system in which the beacon and sensor are replaced with an RFID pair be investigated. This would eliminate the need to power the transponder device on the vehicle, or person, as the device would receive the energy from the location identifier beacon positioned at a fixed location. NTIS Wireless Communication; Transponders; Identities 20050009975 Porto Univ., Portugal Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection Puuronen, Seppo; Mazhelis, Oleksiy; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 159-160; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Modern personal mobile devices, as mobile phones, smartphones, and communicators can be easily lost or stolen. Due to the power and functional abilities of these devices, their use by an unintended person may result in a severe security incident concerning private or corporate data and services. The means of user substitution detection are needed to be able to detect situations when a device is used by a non-legitimate user. In this paper, the problem of user substitution detection is considered as a one-class classification problem where the current user behavior is classified as the one of the legitimate use or of another person. Different behavioral characteristics are to be analyzed independently by dedicated one-class classifiers. In order to combine the classifications produced by these classifiers, a new combining rule is proposed. This rule is applied in a way that makes the outputs of dedicated classifiers independent on the dimensionality of underlying behavioral characteristics. As a result, the overall classification accuracy may improve significantly as illustrated in the simulated experiments presented. Classifiers; Detection; Substitutes; Security; Classifications 20050009976 Porto Univ., Portugal A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals Arrieta, Jimena Rodriquez; Dranca, Lacramioara; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 160; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper, we present an innovating on-line monitoring system that has been developed by applying new advances in biosensors, mobile devices and wireless technologies. The aim of the system is to monitor people that suffer from heart arrhythmias without having to be hospitalized; and therefore, living a normal life while feeling safe at the same time. On the one hand, the architecture of the system is presented; and, on the other hand, some performance results and implementation details are explained that show how the previous solution can be effectively implemented and deployed into a system that makes use of PDAs, and wireless communications: Bluetooth and GPRS. Moreover, special attention has been taken in two aspects: cost of the wireless communications and delay time for the detected serious heart anomalies. Electrocardiography; Wireless Communication; Sensory Feedback; Arrhythmia; Bioinstrumentation 20050010051 Porto Univ., Portugal Seamless Communication And Access To Information For Mobile Users In A Wireless Environment Vassileva, Julita; Sharifi, Golha; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 147-148; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 43

Providing mobile workers with mobile devices such as a Compaq ipaq with a CDPD card can support them in retrieving information from centralized information systems. More specifically, mobile devices can enable mobile users to make notifications for schedule changes and add new data into the information system. In addition these devices can facilitate group communication anytime and anywhere. This paper presents different ways of providing non-critical information in a timely fashion for nomadic users of mobile devices using a wireless network. A distributed application prototype to support nomadic users is proposed, and a simulated environment is used to evaluate the prototype. Since solutions for seamless access are highly domain specific, the study involves homecare workers at Saskatoon District Health (SDH). By keeping track of the users current context (time, location etc.) and a user task model, it is possible to predict the information needs of mobile user. and to provide context dependent adaptation of both the content and the functionality. Moreover, to avoid interrupts in the user s interaction with the main information sources, methods for mobile transactions management using agent-based smart proxies that buffer, delay or pre-fetch information/data are introduced. Information Systems; Personnel; Communication 20050010081 General Services Administration, Washington, DC, USA Integrated Service Delivery. Governments Using Technology to Service the Citizen. International, Federal, and Local Government Experiences Aug. 1999; 44 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101215; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Information technology is revolutionizing the way governments work and the ways in which they deliver services to the public. The Internet has increased public access to government services. Initially, the Internet was used to disseminate information. As technology advanced, governments began to build interactive, web-based applications designed for and delivering services to the citizen. Today, the more robust service delivery systems reflect this citizen orientation. In the spring of 1999, the Office of Intergovernmental Solutions (OIS) conducted a survey of government websites from other countries and from sites in the USA at the federal, state, and local levels. The objective was to identify those sites that provide integrated services to the citizen. What we found is a trend that is gaining momentum but has not yet matured. In fact,we are witnessing a trend that will steadily evolve in the next decade. When it does, society will be significantly changed in the way citizens interact with their governments. NTIS Information Systems; Governments 20050010085 Swedish Defence Research Establishment, Linkoeping, Sweden Future Interaction Cocepts, Land-Sea-Interactive Examples Carlander, O.; Hasewinkel, H.; Nov. 2003; In Swedish Report No.(s): PB2005-100610; FOI-R-1109-SE; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In GUI-based systems today, there is a clear methodology in the design of a system and there are also methodologies to predict the interaction between the user and the system. However, this does not reflect the way the user normally interacts with the world. To develop an interface that allows this is more complex, as it requires advanced technology and redesign of some interaction styles. To be able to exemplify some new interaction concepts, a number of interactive examples; spatial radio communication, immersiveness and an interface for high-speed navigation at sea, were constructed. Focus has been on known problems, or situations where there is a need for increased MSI-support. During the autumn, possible solutions to these situations has been shown with aid from the interactive examples discussed above. The project has been performed as a pre-study where certain principles have been tried as a foundation for a more comprehensive project starting 2004. During 2003, the aim was to show possible MSI-solutions regarding current problems and information load in the Swedish armed forces. A central theme has been to try different types of multimodal interaction styles as; tactile sensations, spatial sound and visual overlay. NTIS Graphical User Interface; Information 20050010087 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, La Trobe Univ., Bundoora, Australia Dublin Core and the Alternative Interface Access Protocol Sheppard, C. L.; LaPlant, B.; Nevile, L.; Aug. 2004; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-100315; NISTIR-7150; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 44

This paper is a report on a metadata effort that aims to make all of our lives easier, especially the lives of people with disabilities. The metadata will be used to enable interoperability between a Universal Remote Console (URC) and a variety of intelligent objects including appliances, consumer electronics, environmental controls, and Internet services in a way that is designed to provide users with a single look-and-feel interface. Developing this metadata raises issues of compatibility with current metadata sets and it is hoped that through collaboration with the Dublin Core community, advances can be made in the scope utility of interoperable metadata. NTIS Interoperability; Environmental Control 20050010088 Swedish Defence Research Establishment, Linkoeping Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz Huss, L. G.; Pohl, A.; Gunnarsson, R.; Carlegrim, B.; Leijon, S.; Dec. 2003; In Swedish Report No.(s): PB2005-100607; FOI-R-0998-SE; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report shows the design and evaluation of the smart skin antenna array that has been manufactured using standard printed circuit board technology. The antenna array, which is less than 7 mm in thickness, is a complete front-end for a X-band radar receiver with digital beamforming. The array contains 36 antenna elements of which 16 elements are active. Aperture coupled stacked microstrip antennas have been used as antenna elements which covers the frequency range of 8-12 GHz. NTIS Antenna Arrays; Printed Circuits; Radar Receivers; Circuit Boards 20050010124 Virginia Highway and Transportation Research Council, Charlottesville, VA, USA Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology Fontaine, M. D.; Smith, B. L.; Dec. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101792; VTRC 05-R17; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Reliable and accurate data on traffic flow characteristics are a fundamental requirement for the effective operation of transportation facilities. Data on traffic flow can be used for multiple purposes, ranging from providing traveler information to creating performance measures for the transportation system. The current state of the practice in Virginia, as well as the rest of the nation, is to rely on a network of inductive loop detectors (ILDs) to gather information on traffic flow at fixed points on the roadway network. Although ILDs are a proven technology, they have a number of limitations. Since loops are actually installed within the pavement, roadway lane closures must be used to maintain the ILDs. The cost to maintain ILDs and their associated communications infrastructure is also significant. As a result, a dense network of point detectors are usually available only on heavily traveled urban freeways. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) will likely need to expand the size of the network that it monitors to support better the increased emphasis VDOT is placing on system operations. NTIS Flow Characteristics; Information Flow; Traffıc; Transportation 20050010128 General Services Administration, Washington, DC, USA Wireless Technology in Government Nov. 2001; 68 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101760; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy This report is based on the discussions and recommendations of the Intergovernmental Advisory Board (IAB) of the Federation of Government Information Processing Councils. During the Intergovernmental Advisory Board (IAB) teleconference on April 11, 2001, several topics for possible exploration in 2001 were discussed. In particular, there was strong support for an IAB report regarding Wireless Technology in Government. This subject is topical because little is published, and we expect tremendous growth in the use of the technology to further the goals of electronic government. This report was compiled by soliciting input from international, federal, state and local governments and their industry partners regarding how they are using or plan to use wireless technology for advancing electronic government. In particular, we solicited input in the following areas related to the use of wireless technology to deliver government information and services: Approaches to create wireless applications; Advantages and/or benefits of wireless technology; Development of government wireless applications; Tools available to assist in the development of wireless applications; Addressing personal privacy and security in the use of wireless technology; Barriers to creating wireless applications; Private industry ability to provide mature wireless products and services; and Status of wireless technology standards. A total of 16 case studies were submitted by the public and private sectors. Each case study provides a point of contact for obtaining further information that may assist other government entities 45

in their own efforts to implement wireless technology. Some of the major findings from these case studies are highlighted in the Executive Summary section of this report. NTIS Wireless Communication; Governments; Data Processing 20050010133 National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Washington, DC Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California Tuss, P.; Somers, L.; Dec. 1997; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101757; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program (TIIAP) represents the expansion of an existing network, the Los Angeles Free-Net (LAFN). LAFN is a nonprofit organization that provides communication, education, and information services for the residents of greater Los Angeles using interactive computer and telecommunications technology. Anyone can access the Los Angeles Free-Net from a computer equipped with a modem. In addition to offering generic services such as the use of e-mail, access to over 2, 500 news-groups, and access to the Internet via Lynx, Gopher, and web browsers such as Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer, LAFN provides a vast array of services that are designed to be of particular interest to residents of Los Angeles County including: extensive community service and special interest group bulletin boards; access to local, state, and federal legislative information; interactive access to local state and government officials; special K-12 interactive educational programs; emergency Network-Los Angeles; medical information bulletin boards; and online access to the Los Angeles Public Library. The LAFN website is organized into 17 separate interest centers. The Education Interest Center includes links to schools, colleges, and resources for students, teachers, administrators, and parents. The Health and Medical Interest Center includes access to an extensive list of medical journals and university-sponsored consumer health newsletters, free searching of the National Library of Medicine, descriptions of most disease conditions including standard and experimental treatment options, a rich catalogue of information about every drug in the U.S. pharmacopoeia (including therapeutic effects, side effects and drug-drug interactions), emergency medicine information, travel health information, and links to medical centers around the world that offer additional health-related information of value to the user base. Other interest centers on the site include the Media Interest Center, offering radio, TV, newspapers, magazines, and online publications; the Religion and Philosophy Interest Center offering includes local houses of worship and information about the world s religions; and the Arts and Entertainment Interest Center offers motion picture, TV, and theater information. NTIS Computer Systems Design; Electronic Mail; Telecommunication; Television Systems; Websites 20050010134 National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Washington, DC Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Tri-State Network Demonstration Project, 94068. Starkville, Mississippi Tuss, P.; Prescott, D.; Aug. 1999; 34 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101753; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program (TIIAP) grant was designed to significantly expand an interactive framework and technological infrastructure developed by the Tri-State Education Initiative (TSEI), an educational initiative established by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to support the simultaneous advancement of the educational, economic, and social/cultural goals of the people of the region. The network served a total of 30 school districts (5,600 teachers, 102,000 students) in the 9,800 square mile tri-state area. Conceived as an economic and community development project, the primary objective of the $600, 000 TIIAP demonstration project was to implement a community-based advanced telecommunications infrastructure that would support economic development efforts focusing upon Tishomingo County and impacting the surrounding region. This objective was addressed through the provision of the following services: development of an expanded telecommunications infrastructure including infrastructure improvements in Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee and expanded infrastructure improvements in Tishomingo County, Mississippi. The physical network included an advanced telecommunications system that provided two-way interactive video communications, two-way interactive data communications, Internet connectivity, voice-based information services, and a gateway to all existing Mississippi networks. The expanded infrastructure was used to develop and implement an integrated community incubator program through the Tri-State Resource Center (TSRC) located at NASA s Yellow Creek site in northeast Mississippi. The small business incubator provided Internet, fax/phone, conference, and other business support services; and development of WEB, an interactive, wide-area network to facilitate communications among four economic development 46

areas: leadership, applied lifelong learning and training, physical resources, and socioeconomic opportunity. NTIS Evaluation; Information Systems; Facsimile Communication; Video Communication 20050010135 National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Washington, DC Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, 94083, St. Louis, Missouri Silverstein, G.; Rak, B.; Aug. 1999; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101754; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The Grace Hill Neighborhood Services project was designed to strengthen and expand an existing service delivery network in St. Louis, Missouri. This network, the Member Organized Resource Exchange (MORE), is a community-based network of services that can be exchanged like currency between neighbors. The MORE system allows neighbors to earn and save time dollars when they volunteer their services to one another. Residents receive a MORE Time Dollar for each hour of service they provide. Conversely, they must relinquish a MORE Time Dollar for each hour of service they receive. These time dollars can then be used in lieu of cash to barter or purchase (1) commodities at neighborhood stores operated by Grace Hill; (2) a range of services offered through Grace Hill (e.g., counseling services, wellness services, employment assistance); and (3) a range of services offered by other neighborhood residents/volunteers. The grant recipient, Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, is a full-service agency that provides assistance to over 40, 000 disadvantaged persons in the St. Louis metropolitan area. The Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program (TIIAP) was used to increase the number of neighborhood residents who would have easy access to the MORE system. Specifically, Grace Hill used TIIAP funding to (1) upgrade the capacity of the computers that are used to link residents with community services, and (2) increase the number of publicly accessible computer workstations in the low-income neighborhoods served by Grace Hill. These steps dramatically increased the number of residents who learned about and participated in the MORE system and the Time Dollar Exchange Program and other Grace Hill Services. NTIS Telecommunication; Evaluation; Information Analysis 20050010149 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Detecting Attacks in Computer Networks Fugate, M.; Gattiker, J. R.; 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101686; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report describes work in classifying computer network traffic as normal versus network attacks. The data used is derived from an extended DARPA study that simulated a network with traffic intended to be typical of a military base. This data was made into a standard and well explored reference when it was offered as the object of the KDD99 Conference KDD Cup contest. The original DARPA data was reduced, and a feature extraction process was performed by domain experts. Details of the dataset and experiment are discussed. This report will present results from different models optimized using SVMs, a method of ensemble ANOVA models, and the linear perceptron pocket algorithm. In addition to these benchmark models that we used for comparison of performance, we compare our results to those of published analysis of both the original DARPA and the derived KDD datasets. We discuss the data analysis and categorization. NTIS Computer Networks; Algorithms; Data Structures 20050010200 Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL USA Secure Tactical Mobile Intelligent Agents Burmester, Mike, ; Yasinsac, Alex, ; Sep. 2004; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0235 Report No.(s): AD-A427578; ARO-43588.14-C1; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Research on protocols in ad hoc networks secret sharing to support distributed computation. and mechanisms to enhance data encapsulation for mobile computations has continued since our Interim Progress Report. Several papers were published or submitted for publication relating to the research conducted in relation to this project. An important discovery relating to the family of algorithms that can guarantee node and link disjoint paths in ad hoc networks of reasonable size and density. A message delivery mechanism that resists broadcast storm while retaining the positive reliability properties of flooding was also developed. Work in progress Willard Thompson has devised a framework and corresponding mechanism for protecting 47

privacy of computations by mobile agents called Semantic Encryption Transformation Scheme. Additional work by non-aro funded students Todd MacDonald, a self-funded Ph.D. student of Pl Yasinsac is also working in this area and has amassed a large volume of work in homomorphic encryption and protocol verification for mobile agent schemes. Khandy Polite is a DoD ASP student that conducted research in an area closely related to mobile agent security. Her thesis is entitled: Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks was completed in April 2004. Another DoD lasp student Anna Suen, completed a Mobile Agent security related thesis entitled: Mobile Agent Protection with Data Encapsulation and Execution Tracing in April 2003. Communication Networks 20050010209 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Salisbury, Australia Signal Processing in a Semi-Active Seeker Rosenberg, Luke, ; Hu, Yiding, ; Moran, Bill, ; Aug. 2004; 57 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427687; DSTO-TR-1606; DODA-AR-013-164; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy In publicly available generic digital simulations of semi-active Radio Frequency (RF) seekers, the combined effect of multipath, sea-clutter and other non- linear noise sources are mainly studied in individual models, while the effect in the seekers data processing has not been systematically investigated. This report details these effects and how they have been combined to model the signal processing blocks inside a semi-active seeker. A basic doppler detection scheme is then simulated to investigate the consequence of these effects on target detection. Homing Devices; Signal Processing 20050010330 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition Dickerson, C. E., ; Soules, S. M., ; Sabins, M. R., ; Charles, P. H., ; Oct. 2004; 194 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427961; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The goal of this book is to show how architectures can be used to enable a capabilities-based approach to the research, development, and acquisition of DoD families of systems that must interoperate with each other in the conduct of military operations. Much has been written about architectures and about capabilities-based acquisition. This book is about the pilot projects that have actually been used to explore the utility of the architecture methodology for both U.S. Navy fleet experimentation and the recent building of the Fiscal Year 2004 Program Objective Memorandum (POM 04) acquisition plan. At the time of this book s publication, the architecture methodology has been used successfully to describe and assess components of two Fleet Battle Experiments. It was also used to develop organizing exhibits at the early stages of planning for POM 04, although the exhibits were not used in the final decision-making process. The Assistant Secretary for the Navy (ASN) Research, Development, and Acquisition (RDA) Chief Engineer did use the Multi-Attribute Utility Analysis to advise ASN(RDA). Additionally, the architecture methodology has been used to influence decision-making with U.S. Coalition partners. Procurement; Systems Engineering 20050010367 PAMAM-Human Factors Engineering (1989) Ltd., Hod Hasharon, Israel Pilot Study: System Model of Situation Awareness: Sensemaking and Decision Making in Command and Control Brickner, Michael S., ; Lipshitz, Raanan, ; Mar. 2004; 63 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-03-1-3041; Proj-7841 Report No.(s): AD-A428104; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2004-0071; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Sensemaking has emerged as an organizing construct, which reflects the key ideas of warfighting in the cognitive domain. This Pilot Study explores the relationships between sensemaking, decision making, and situation awareness in the context of command and control requirements. Command and Control; Decision Making 48

20050010380 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Strategies for Defining the Army s Objective Vision of Command and Control for the 21st Century Cesar, Edison M., ; Jan. 1995; 77 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA903-91-C-0006 Report No.(s): AD-A428155; RAND/MR-487-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy The uncertainty in the changing world situation and the diversity of crisis situations U.S. forces may face in the future reinforce the need for force commanders at all levels to be better able to command and control their forces, particularly at the operational and tactical levels. By being able to execute command and control (C2) rapidly, effectively, and continuously, forces may be able to quell disturbances in early stages and perhaps limit the need for larger forces or for longer operations. With improved C2 as a goal, this document presents the results of a concept formulation study that took an initial look at the command and control on the move (C2OTM) situation as a whole, postulated a set of operational objectives derived from experiences in Operation Desert Storm (ODS) and from observations based on past RAND research in the area, and reviewed the Army s current and evolving C2 subarchitecture(1) against these objectives. The document also suggests some elements that can help any C2 subarchitecture better meet the postulated operational objectives. Command and Control 20050010382 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? Pace, P. E., ; Fouts, D. J., ; Zulaica, D. P., ; Nov. 2004; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428160; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy For a successful enemy maneuver, their most important action is the ability to identify, locate and track the correct target. High-resolution imaging sensors such as the inverse synthetic aperture radar perform this action in the most effective way and are especially useful against low radar cross section targets. Once the correct target is acquired and identified, the decision to engage is made and the weapons are selected. Counter-targeting is the attempt to prevent (or degrade) the engage-and-launchweapons decision by the enemy. This paper describes an all-digital image synthesizer technique capable of generating realistic false-target images for counter-targeting using modem digital radio frequency memory technology. The use in counter-lock on for coherent seekers in the terminal mode is also discussed. Examples of the output false target image capability are presented. Electronic Warfare; Synthesizers; Targets 20050010395 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Alternative Futures and Their Implications for Army Modernization Gordon, John, IV, ; Nichiporuk, Brian, ; Jan. 2003; 60 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0003 Report No.(s): AD-A428207; RAND/DB-395-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy As it carries out its long-term force structure and modernization plans, one useful approach for the Army to take is based on the analysis of alternative futures. Having developed several plausible alternative futures (looking out roughly 25 years), the authors describe each one s possible implications for the Army s likely mission and the forces required for those missions, discussing the impact on Army modernization plans. The futures range from a benign, relatively peaceful world all the way to a dangerous, chaotic world containing many failed states. The research indicated that the creation of medium forces was a good long-range strategy for the Army, since those forces appeared to be relevant in many of the possible futures. Traditional heavy forces were found to be useful in a limited number of the possible futures and should therefore receive relatively fewer modernization resources. Army aviation appeared to be applicable to most of the futures, but there could be a need to shift the balance from attack-type aviation to transport aircraft, depending on which future appeared more likely. In all cases, increased C4ISR seemed to be a very important capability. Even within that category, however, there might be a need to focus C4ISR resources in different ways. For example, in some futures, there would be a need to stress unconventional operations in urban areas rather than systems more applicable to locating conventional enemy forces in open terrain. Forecasting; Military Operations 49

20050019172 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures Akos, Dennis M.; Oct. 2004; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-03-1-0423 Report No.(s): AD-A427825; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0571; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report presents the final results of an investigation into direct radio frequency (RF) sampling receiver front ends and compares their performance to the traditional digital receiver front end designs. The distinction between the two implementations is that a direct RF sampling front end uses no analog frequency down conversion, rather the information bandwidth is aliased through the sampling process. This type of design significantly simplifies multiple frequency receiver design, important for receivers used in the Global Positioning System. However, the consequences of such an architecture are not fully understood as the technology required for their implementation has only recent become available. Past work has shown the feasible of the approach. This effort and report document the impact on the resulting phase noise, an important element in receiver design, as a result of the direct RF sampling. Global Positioning System; Radio Frequencies; Radio Receivers; Receivers; Sampling 20050019217 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial Chevalier, Christine T.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.; November 2004; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-090-20-61 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213403; E-14911; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Recently, left-handed metamaterials (LHM s) have been demonstrated with an effective negative index of refraction and with antiparallel group and phase velocities for microwave radiation over a narrow frequency bandwidth. In order to take advantage of these characteristics for practical applications, it will be beneficial to develop LHM s with increased frequency bandwidth response and lower losses. In this paper a commercial three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation code is used to explore the effects of geometry parameter variations on the frequency bandwidth of a LHM at microwave frequencies. Utilizing an optimizing routine in the code, a geometry was generated with a bandwidth more than twice as large as the original geometry. Refractivity; Computerized Simulation; Frequency Response; Microwave Frequencies 33 ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Includes development, performance, and maintainability of electrical/electronic devices and components; related test equipment; and microelectronics and integrated circuitry. for related information see also 60 Computer Operations and Hardware; and 76 Solid-State Physics. For communications equipment and devices see 32 Communications and Radar. 20050000034 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation Ferguson, Cynthia K.; English, J. M.; Nordin, G. P.; Ashley, P. R.; Abushagur, M. A. G.; [2004]; 6 pp.; In English; NAN0 and Microsystems Technology and Metrologies Conference, 17-18 Nov. 2004, Huntsville, AL, USA; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage (MTS) actuator concept has been developed that is capable of traveling long distances, while maintaining low power, low voltage, and accuracy as required by many applications, including optical coupling. The Micro-Translation Stage (MTS) uses capacitive electrostatic forces in a linear motor application, with stationary stators arranged linearly on both sides of a channel, and matching rotors on a moveable shuttle. This creates a force that allows the shuttle to be pulled along the channel. It is designed to carry 100 micron-sized elements on the top surface, and can travel back and forth in the channel, either in a stepping fashion allowing many interim stops, or it can maintain constant adjustable speeds for a controlled scanning motion. The MTS travel range is limited only by the size of the fabrication wafer. Analytical modeling and simulations were performed based on the fabrication process, to assure the stresses, friction and electrostatic 50

forces were acceptable to allow successful operation of this device. The translation forces were analyzed to be near 0.5 micron N, with a 300 micron N stop-to-stop time of 11.8 ms. Microelectromechanical Systems; Stators; Electrostatics; Actuators 20050010236 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA Polymer Modulator Contact Poling Guide Flusche, Brian M., ; Haas, Franz, ; Sep. 2004; 71 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-LINK Report No.(s): AD-A427770; AFRL-SN-RS-TM-2004-3; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This guide documents the polymer modulator contact poling procedures developed by AFRL/SNDP between 5 Aug 02 and 5 Aug 04, as well as observations and lessons learned during that time. A partly automated, highly functional poling setup is described. CPW-I material samples were tested to determine the optimum poling protocol. Modulators fabricated with a core material consisting of 25% CPW-I by weight in amorphous polycarbonate (APO) yielded a 4.6 volt Vpi. The feasibility of poling an entire wafer at a time was examined, and challenges identified. Another set of modulators were fabricated using deuterated methanol and a core consisting of 29% CPW-I in APO. The best of these devices yielded a 4.2 volt Vpi fand losses comparable to the 25% CPW-I devices, indicating that deuterated methanol possibly reduces loss. 550 volts was determined to be the optimum poling voltage. Another set of devices were fabricated with a core of 35% FN3, a chromophore developed in-house. The best of these devices yielded a 20 volt Vpi. Among key poling issues examined were the appropriate poling temperature, the appropriate time to apply voltage to a sample, and the optimum amount of voltage to apply during poling. Poling induced bleaching is observed. A discussion is included on the information that can be gained from measuring current during poling and observing the profile produced. Modulators 20050010247 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 1 Schaubert, Daniel, ; Sep. 2002; 228 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427799; AFRL-SN-HS-TR-2005-001-VOL-1; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A11, Hardcopy The Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium is a collection of state-of-the-art papers relating to antenna arrays, millimeter wave antennas, simulation and measurement of antennas, integrated antennas, and antenna bandwidth and radiation improvements. Volume 1 contains pages 1-220. Antenna Arrays; Conferences 20050010248 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 2 Schaubert, Daniel, ; Sep. 2002; 249 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427800; AFRL-SN-HS-TR-2005-001-VOL-2; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A11, Hardcopy The Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium is a collection of state-of-the-art papers relating to antenna arrays, millimeter wave antennas, simulation and measurement of antennas, integrated antennas, and antenna bandwidth and radiation improvements. Volume 2 contains pages 221-456. Antenna Arrays; Conferences 20050010279 Illinois Univ. at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media Jin, Jianming, ; Nov. 2004; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-01-1-0210 Report No.(s): AD-A427847; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report summarizes our research effort on the development of higher-order hybrid finite element techniques that are capable of simulating large array antennas embedded in inhomogeneous media. The effort led to the development of a suite 51

of FEM-based simulation tools to deal with a variety of array antennas, which include (i) infinitely large periodic phased arrays, (ii) array antennas that are finite in one dimension and infinitely periodic in the other dimension, (iii) finite array antennas with arbitrary array elements, and (iv) conformal array antennas mounted on a large complex platform. The simulation techniques have the following important characteristics: (i) higher-order geometrical modeling, (ii) higher-order field discretization, (iii) hybridization with surface integral equations using fast algorithms, (iv) a highly effective preconditioner, and (v) accurate antenna feed modeling. Antenna Arrays; Embedding; Finite Element Method; Phased Arrays; Simulation 20050010353 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems Vrelj, Bojan, ; Vaidyanathan, P. P., ; Apr. 2004; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-1-1002 Report No.(s): AD-A428061; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Some of the major challenges in the design of new generation wireless mobile systems are the suppression of multiuser interference (MUI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) within a single user created by multipath propagation. Both of these problems were addressed successfully in a recent design of A Mutually-Orthogonal Usercode-Receiver (AMOUR) for asynchronous or quasi-synchronous CDMA systems. AMOUR converts a multiuser CDMA system into parallel single-user systems regardless of the multipath and guarantees ISI mitigation irrespective of the channel null locations. However, the noise amplification at the receiver can be significant in some multipath channels. In this paper, the authors propose to oversample the received signal as a way of improving the performance of AMOUR systems. They design Fractionally-Spaced AMOUR (FSAMOUR) receivers with integral and rational amounts of oversampling and compare their performance to the conventional method. An important point often overlooked in the design of zero-forcing channel equalizers is that sometimes they are not unique. This becomes especially significant in multiuser applications where, as they will show, the nonuniqueness is practically guaranteed. They exploit this flexibility in the design of AMOUR and FSAMOUR receivers and achieve noticeable improvements in performance. (11 figures, 23 refs.) Code Division Multiple Access; Multipath Transmission; Radio Frequency Interference; Radio Receivers; Signal Processing 20050010365 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Explosives Detection in Seawater on a Microchip Collins, Greg E., ; Sep. 2004; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-03-WX-20118 Report No.(s): AD-A428101; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy Final report detailing effort to develop a capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchip sensor for the real-time, sensitive and selective detection of energetic explosives in seawater. Two primary issues are specifically addressed: 1) the development of new methods for enhancing the sensitivity to explosives via a pre-concentration step from seawater into the nonaqueous solvent, acetonitrile, and subsequent electrochemical detection following their microseparation on a microchip; and 2) methods for increasing the speed of analysis by employing the ultra-miniaturized solid phase extraction step that is coupled to a high speed microchip separation platform. Chips (Electronics); Explosives Detection; Sea Water 34 FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS Includes fluid dynamics and kinematics and all forms of heat transfer; boundary layer flow; hydrodynamics; hydraulics; fluidics; mass transfer and ablation cooling. For related information see also 02 Aerodynamics. 20050009915 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry Cha, Soyoung S.; Ramachandran, Narayanan; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; American Society of Mechanical Engineers International Mechanical Engineering Congress, 13-20 Nov. 2004, Anaheim, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-02096; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only 52

Measurement of three-dimensional (3-D) three-component velocity fields is of great importance in a variety of research and industrial applications for understanding materials processing, fluid physics, and strain/displacement measurements. The 3-D experiments in these fields most likely inhibit the use of conventional techniques, which are based only on planar and optically-transparent-field observation. Here, we briefly review the current status of 3-D diagnostics for motion/velocity detection, for both optical and x-ray systems. As an initial step for providing 3-D capabilities, we nave developed stereoscopic tracking velocimetry (STV) to measure 3-D flow/deformation through optical observation. The STV is advantageous in system simplicity, for continually observing 3- D phenomena in near real-time. In an effort to enhance the data processing through automation and to avoid the confusion in tracking numerous markers or particles, artificial neural networks are employed to incorporate human intelligence. Our initial optical investigations have proven the STV to be a very viable candidate for reliably measuring 3-D flow motions. With previous activities are focused on improving the processing efficiency, overall accuracy, and automation based on the optical system, the current efforts is directed to the concurrent expansion to the x-ray system for broader experimental applications. Displacement Measurement; Fluid Dynamics; Velocity Distribution; Velocity Measurement 20050010089 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel Hoover, F. S.; McLEtchie, K. W.; Flores, M. D.; Techet, A. H.; Chryssotmodis, C.; Jan. 30, 2004; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-100311; MITSG-04-4; Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) We present the implementation and results from tests of a pivoted flapping foil device in the MIT Water Tunnel. The test program comprised two parts: the first is a systematic study of variations in frequency and angles of attack for the purpose of developing mean propulsive forces. The second part is a focused study to assess the effect of pitch bias in the flapping foil, as it pertains to mean lift coefficients, which can be used for maneuvering or for propulsion if mapped onto a rotating propeller. NTIS Fins; Water Tunnel Tests; Hydrofoils 20050010166 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS Wang, Dun-You; Stallcop, James R.; Dateo, Christopher E.; Schwenke, David W.; Haliciogiu, Timur; Huo, Winifred; August 10, 2004; 6 pp.; In English; 2nd Interplanetary Probe Workshop, 23-26 Aug. 2004, Moffett Field, CA, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Recent advances in supercomputers and highly scalable quantum chemistry software render computational chemistry methods a viable means of providing chemistry data for aerothermal analysis at a specific level of confidence. Four examples of first principles quantum chemistry calculations will be presented. The study of the highly nonequilibrium rotational distribution of nitrogen molecule from the exchange reaction N+N2illustrates how chemical reactions can influence the rotational distribution. The reaction C2H + H2 is one example of a radical reaction that occurs during hypersonic entry into a methane containing atmosphere. A study of the etching of Si surface illustrates our approach to surface reactions. A recently developed web accessible database and software tool (DDD) that provides the radiation profile of diatomic molecules is also described. Aerothermodynamics; Chemical Reactions; Computational Chemistry; Thermal Insulation 20050010267 Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling Luke, Gary, ; Eagar, Mark, ; Sears, Michael, ; Felt, Scott, ; Prozan, Bob, ; Jan. 2004; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F04611-03-C-0041; Proj-5026 Report No.(s): AD-A427829; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This document consists of Briefing charts which provide an overview of the Integrated High Payoff Rocket Propulsion Technology(IHPRPT) Phase III Solid Rocket Motor Modeling Program, presented at the 2004 TFAWS Meeting in Pasadena, CA. Combustion; Combustion Chemistry; Flow Distribution; Reaction Kinetics; Two Phase Flow 53

20050010329 General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Ann Arbor, MI USA Hydrodynamic Modeling for Stationary Breaking Waves Walker, David T., ; Alajbegovic, Ales, ; Hunt, Jason D., ; Aug. 2004; 53 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): HR0011-04-C-0022 Report No.(s): AD-A427960; 200392-8-F; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy In this study, approaches for calculating the hydrodynamics of breaking waves were examined and the impact of hydrodynamic model errors on the prediction of radar backscatter was assessed. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) computations of stationary hydrofoil-generated breaking waves were carried out, including the modeling of the breaking region. These results were compared to experimental data. A subset of these results was used as input to the Veridian scattering model (VSM) and the results were also compared to available data. The results were then used define the research needs in this area. Hydrodynamics 20050019212 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini-Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation Turner, Mark G.; Reed, John A.; Ryder, Robert; Veres, Joseph P.; November 2004; 19 pp.; In English; Turbo Expo 2004, 14-17 Jun. 2004, Vienna, Austria Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-708-87-01 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213076; GT2004-53956; E-14551; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A Zero-D cycle simulation of the GE90-94B high bypass turbofan engine has been achieved utilizing mini-maps generated from a high-fidelity simulation. The simulation utilizes the Numerical Propulsion System Simulation (NPSS) thermodynamic cycle modeling system coupled to a high-fidelity full-engine model represented by a set of coupled 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) component models. Boundary conditions from the balanced, steady state cycle model are used to define component boundary conditions in the full-engine model. Operating characteristics of the 3D component models are integrated into the cycle model via partial performance maps generated from the CFD flow solutions using one-dimensional mean line turbomachinery programs. This paper highlights the generation of the high-pressure compressor, booster, and fan partial performance maps, as well as turbine maps for the high pressure and low pressure turbine. These are actually mini-maps in the sense that they are developed only for a narrow operating range of the component. Results are compared between actual cycle data at a take-off condition and the comparable condition utilizing these mini-maps. The mini-maps are also presented with comparison to actual component data where possible. Computational Fluid Dynamics; Gas Turbine Engines; Systems Simulation; Computerized Simulation; Propulsion; Turbofan Engines 35 INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gages; detectors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. For aerial photography see 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation; and 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics. 20050000102 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 Jackson, Thomas J.; Bindlish, Rajat; Gasiewski, Albin J.; Stankov, Boba; Klein, Marian; Njoku, Eni G.; Bosch, David; Coleman, Thomas; Laymon, Charles; Starks, Patrick; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Soil Moisture Experiments 2003 (SMEX03) was the second in a series of field campaigns using the NOAA Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR/CX) designed to validate brightness temperature data and soil moisture retrieval algorithms for the Advanced during SMEX03 were: calibration and validation of AMSR-E brightness temperature observations over different climate/vegetation regions of the US. (Alabama, Georgia, Oklahoma), identification of possible sources of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), comparison of X-band observations from TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), AMSR-E and PSR/CX, and exploring the potential of soil moisture retrieval algorithms using C and X band imagery in diverse landscapes. In the current 54

investigation, more than one hundred flightlines of PSR/CX data were extensively processed to produce gridded brightness temperature products for the four study regions. Variations associated with soil moisture were not as large as hoped for due to the lack of significant rainfall in Oklahoma. Observations obtained over Alabama include a wide range of soil moisture and vegetation conditions for C and X band frequencies. These results clearly showed a lack of sensitivity to rainfall/soil moisture under forest canopy cover. Quantitative comparisons made between the PSR/CX, AMSR-E for validated that both the PSR/CX and AMSR-E data were well calibrated. X band comparisons of the PSR/CX high resolution and AMSR-E and TMI low-resolution data indicated a linear scaling for the range of conditions studied in SMEX03. These results will form the basis for further soil moisture investigations. Microwaves; Polarimetry; Soil Moisture; C Band; Superhigh Frequencies; Radiometers; Scanners 20050000105 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora Elsner, R. F.; Ramsey, B. D.; Waite, J. H.; Rehak, P.; Johnson, R. E.; Cooper, J. F.; Swartz, D. A.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; 36th Annual DPS Meeting, 8-12 Nov. 2004, Louisville, KY, USA; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Remote observations with the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the XMM-Newton Observatory have shown that the Jovian system is a source of x-rays with a rich and complicated structure. The planet s polar auroral zones and its disk are powerful sources of x-ray emission. Chandra observations revealed x-ray emission from the Io Plasma Torus and from the Galilean moons Io, Europa, and possibly Ganymede. The emission from these moons is certainly due to bombardment of their surfaces of highly energetic protons, oxygen and sulfur ions from the region near the Torus exciting atoms in their surfaces and leading to fluorescent x-ray emission lines. Although the x-ray emission from the Galilean moons is faint when observed from Earth orbit, an imaging x-ray spectrometer in orbit around these moons, operating at 200 ev and above with 150 ev energy resolution, would provide a detailed mapping (down to 40 m spatial resolution) of the elemental composition in their surfaces. Such maps would provide important constraints on formation and evolution scenarios for the surfaces of these moons. Here we describe the characteristics of X-MIME, an imaging x-ray spectrometer under going a feasibility study for the JIMO mission, with the ultimate goal of providing unprecedented x-ray studies of the elemental composition of the surfaces of Jupiter s icy moons and Io, as well as of Jupiter s auroral x-ray emission. X Ray Spectrometers; Imaging Spectrometers; Jupiter (Planet); Jupiter Satellites; X Ray Astronomy 20050000115 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Future Space Telescope Mirror Technology Requirements Stahl, H. Philip; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Frontiers in Optics, 10-14 Oct. 2004, Rochester, NY, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Large-aperture lightweight space mirrors are critical for future NASA space science missions. This presentation summaries the optical minor requirements necessary to enable several planned missions. Spaceborne Telescopes; Mirrors 20050009899 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph West, E. A.; Porter, J. G.; Davis, J. M.; Gary, G. A.; Noble, M. W.; Lewis, M.; Thomas, Roger J.; UV and Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Systems; [2004]; ISSN 0277-786X; Volume 5488, pp. 801-812; In English; UV and Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Systems, 21-24 Jun. 2004, Glasgow, Scotland, UK; Original contains black and white illustrations Report No.(s): SPIE Paper 5488-132; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper will describe the objectives of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph Investigation (SUMI) and the optical components that have been developed to meet those objectives. In order to test the scientific feasibility of measuring magnetic fields in the UV, a sounding rocket payload is being developed. This paper will discuss: (1) the scientific measurements that will be made by the SUMI sounding rocket program, (2) how the optics have been optimized for simultaneous measurements of two magnetic lines CIV (1550Angstroms) and MgII (2800Angstroms), and (3) the optical, reflectance, transmission and polarization measurements that have been made on the SUMI telescope mirrors and polarimeter. Magnetometers; Solar Instruments; Ultraviolet Emission; Optical Equipment 55

20050010073 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers Chance, Kelly; Kurosu, Thomas P.; Sioris, Christopher E.; [2004]; 32 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-11677; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Array detector-based instruments are now fundamental to measurements of ozone and other atmospheric trace gases from space in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared. The present generation of such instruments suffers, to a greater or lesser degree, from undersampling of the spectra, leading to difficulties in the analysis of atmospheric radiances. We provide extended analysis of the undersampling suffered by modem satellite spectrometers, which include Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME), Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY), Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), and Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS). The analysis includes basic undersampling, the effects of binning into separate detector pixels, and the application of high-resolution Fraunhofer spectral data to correct for undersampling in many useful cases. Satellite Instruments; Spectrometers; Arrays; Detectors; Remote Sensing; Sampling 20050010119 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA, Kyungpook National Univ., Taegu, Korea, Republic of, California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA, Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA CDF Time of Flight Detector Cabrera, S.; Fernandez, J.; Gomez, G.; Jan. 2004; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-820608; FERMILAB-CONF-03/404-E; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A new Time of Flight (TOF) detector based on scintillator bars with fine-mesh photomultipliers at both ends has been in operation since 2001 in the CDF experiment. With a design resolution of 100 ps, the TOF can provide separation between K(sup+-) and(pi)(sup+-) in p(bar p) collisions at the 2(omega) level for low momentum, which enhances b flavor tagging capabilities. Because of its very fast response, the TOF is an excellent triggering device, and it is used to trigger on highly ionizing particles, multiple minimum ionizing particles and cosmic rays. Particle identification is achieved by comparing the time-of-flight of the particle measured by the TOF to the time expected for a given mass hypothesis. In order to obtain the resolution necessary for particle ID, optimal calibrations are critical. This paper describes the TOF detector, its calibration procedure, the achieved resolution, the long term operation performances and some of the first results from data analysis using this detector. NTIS Scintillation Counters; Photomultiplier Tubes 20050010325 Army Test and Evaluation Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid Scoring Record Number 183 Overbay, Larry, ; Jul. 2004; 67 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-DTC-8-CO-160-UXO-021 Report No.(s): AD-A427956; ATC-8769; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy This scoring record documents the efforts of G-TEK Australia PTY Limited to detect and discriminate inert unexploded ordnance (UXO) utilizing the APG standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid. The scoring record was coordinated Larry Overbay and by the Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Scoring Committee. Organizations on the comtmttee include the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, the Institute for Defense Analysis, the U.S. Army Environmental Center, and the U.S. Army Aberdeen Test Center. Ammunition; Ordnance; Scoring; Standardization 20050019168 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring Evans, Thomas W.; Werner, Julianne M.; Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L.; Hammond, Mark H.; Oct. 2004; 35 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427871; NRL/MR/6110-04-8834; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Drager tubes are currently used to supplement the atmosphere analysis measurements made aboard U.S. Navy submarines. The submarine fleet has requested that these tubes be replaced with a less labor intensive measurement system. 56

Due to recent developments in gas sensing instrumentation, it is possible to replace many of the existing detectors with instruments that will incorporate more than one sensor at a time. This report is a continuation of an evaluation of portable instruments for use in submarines as air monitors. This is the third phase of a three-phase program concerned with investigating potential detection methods to replace the Drager tubes. Phase III evaluated sensors for nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, hydrogen, and ozone. The chlorine and ozone sensors did not have sufficient sensitivity to detect the Navy 90-day limits. All of the manufacturers have ammonia sensors that can detect the 90-day limit. The Drager ammonia was the best overall. The Omni nitrogen dioxide sensor was best overall for that test gas. The hydrogen sensors performed well. The sulfur dioxide sensor is not satisfactory. Air Quality; Environmental Monitoring; Portable Equipment 36 LASERS AND MASERS Includes lasing theory, laser pumping techniques, maser amplifiers, laser materials, and the assessment of laser and maser outputs. For cases where the application of the laser or maser is emphasized see also the specific category where the application is treated. For related information see also 76 Solid-State Physics. 20050010201 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA Non-Lethal Weaponry: From Tactical to Strategic Applications Herbert, Dennis B., ; Jan. 1999; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427581; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Non-lethal weapons are evolving. To date they have been seen as applicable on the tactical level in military operations other than war. The demand for them will increase and spread across the conflict spectrum. A new class of non-lethal technology is also emerging that will have more direct applications on the operational and strategic levels. This evolution will depend on research to ensure that these weapons comply with political, legal, and ethical considerations. Warfare 20050010241 JAYCOR, San Diego, CA USA Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip-Scale Stable Frequency References Simpson, T. B., ; Doft, F., ; Golding, W. M., ; Sep. 2004; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-02-C-8018 Report No.(s): AD-A427780; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Semiconductor lasers are known to undergo significant changes in their output characteristics when subjected to external optical perturbations such as near-resonant injection from an external source or optical feedback. Over a range of operating conditions, the perturbations can induce a periodic pulsating output where the pulsation frequency can be controlled by the bias point of the laser(s), and amplitude (and frequency offset) of the injection. The output optical spectrum can be adjusted to be dominated by two strong frequency components with a controllable offset. Adding a weak microwave modulation to the bias can lock the pulsation frequency to this reference. Such a spectrum is nearly ideal for the excitation of Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonances of gas-phase atomic media such as cesium (Cs) and rubidium. We describe the double locking of a laser diode to the CPT optical (852 nm) and microwave (9.2 GHz) resonances in Cs gas in a cell containing Cs and a buffer gas. The microwave power required for the modulation reference is a small fraction of the dc-bias power, unlike a directly modulated laser diode. The combination of all-optical excitation of the Cs gas and reduced microwave electronics specifications is very useful for the fabrication of ultrasmall frequency references. Atomic Clocks; Chips; Frequencies; Semiconductor Lasers; Stability 20050010302 Boston Coll., Chestnut Hill, MA USA Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory Fourkas, John T., ; May 2003; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-02-1-0273 Report No.(s): AD-A427899; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0556; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy 57

Funds amounting to $155,782 were used for the purchase of a Coherent 900-F tunable Ti:sapphire laser system with a Verdi 10 pump laser in conjunction with matching funds from Boston College. The total cost of the laser system was $191, 500. The system was successfully installed during the project period and is currently being used to study how the efficiency of data storage and retrieval depends on the wavelength of light employed. The objective of this project was to acquire a broadly tunable Ti:sapphire laser system and associated optics for the spectroscopic study of optical data storage in molecular glasses and highly cross linked polymer. The purpose of the broadly tunable laser system is to be able to vastly increase the college s capability for characterizing data storage materials. The only truly viable technique for analyzing the products is performing in-situ spectroscopy on the product in femtoliter volumes. This requires a highly sensitive detection system, which the college has, as well as the ability to tune the writing and readout laser sources. It is the latter capability that was provided by the laser system purchased under this grant. The idea is to be able to map out the three-photon excitation spectrum of the storage materials and to map out the two-photon excitation spectrum of the photoproduct. This will not only assist in the spectroscopic determination of the identity of the product species, but also allow the college to optimize the storage and readout processes. Now they can find the optimum wavelength for rapid data storage with three-photon excitation, or look for a wavelength at which readout can be accomplished with two photons. The combination of the new laser system and the existing one in the author s laboratory provides the capability to write data at one wavelength and then read them immediately at another. (3 figures) Excitation; Laser Spectroscopy; Optical Memory (Data Storage); Photonics; Sapphire; Spectrum Analysis; Tunable Lasers 20050010324 Army Research Lab., Fort Monmouth, NJ USA Distributed Coherent RF Operations Kosinski, John A., ; Sep. 2004; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427955; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The concept of distributed coherent RF operations is presented as a driver of requirements for growth in PTTI capabilities, and selected related disciplines such as navigation. The term distributed coherent RF operations is defined and classes of military operations are identified. The precision required for various parameters and basic phenomenology of different types of errors are discussed by way of simple examples. The capabilities widely available today via GPS are contrasted with those required for distributed coherent RF operations in a fully Network-Centric military paradigm. Global Positioning System; Radio Frequencies 37 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Includes mechanical devices and equipment; machine elements and processes. For cases where the application of a device or the host vehicle is emphasized see also the specific category where the application or vehicle is treated. For robotics see 63 Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics; and 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. 20050000001 Shell Research Ltd., Chester, UK Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light-Duty Diesel Performance Williams, R. G.; Zemroch, P. J.; Wall, D. M.; Meredith, B.; Sep. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101240; AVFL-11; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This study was conducted as a screening analysis to determine if cetane number could have an impact on the performance of advanced light-duty diesel vehicles. Diesel engines are being considered for expanded use in U.S. light-duty vehicles to improve fuel efficiency. Currently, there are only a few diesel models in the U. S. fleet. The study was conducted using four vehicles meeting Euro-3 or 4 emissions standards representing advanced engine and control technologies that may be used in the future U.S. fleet. Eight test fuels were blended with cetane number ranging from 41 to 58 that broadly covers the U.S. and European cetane range. The fuel set contained independent variation in natural and additized cetane. Aromatics and density were well matched across the fuel set, but there was variability in viscosity and some spread in boiling range among the test fuels. Testing covered a range of vehicle performance attributes where cetane impacts had been found in the past: start time, idle quality, cold-start driveability, noise, vibration and smoke. Testing was conducted at three ambient temperatures, -10 deg C, 0 deg C and +10 deg C. A climate-controlled chassis dynamometer was used. Driveability testing followed European procedures. The driveability rating was supplemented with measurements of engine noise and vibration during cold idle after 58

start up and tailpipe smoke opacity throughout the test. No other tailpipe emissions were evaluated. NTIS Diesel Engines; Cetane; Fuels 20050000002 Chemonics International, Inc., Washington, DC, USA Vehicle Emissions and Performance Testing Center Business Plan Mar. 2004; 42 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101201; PN-ACY-046; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy ;Table of Contents: Tables and Figures; Acronyms and Abbreviations; Background and Purpose; Business Development Strategy; VEPTC Technical Capabilities; Staffing and Management; Potential Marketing for Services; Marketing Plan; Financial Analysis; Detailed Plan and Timing; Conclusion and Appendix: Price Ceiling. NTIS Exhaust Gases; Exhaust Emission; Diesel Engines; Air Pollution 20050000036 Pennsylvania State Univ., State College, PA, USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise Fredley, Joseph E.; Lysak, Daniel B.; December 06, 2004; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC5-506; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy The viability of a Capillary Heat Pump (CHP) concept using a Loop Heat Pipe evaporator and an eductor in a closed loop to reject heat at a higher temperature than it is acquired at with the goal of reducing spacecraft radiator area is examined. Eductor inefficiency resulting from the mixing of high velocity motive flow with low velocity suction flow may preclude spacecraft radiator area savings. The utility of a CHP for thermal management may be limited to those missions where system mass is of secondary concern compared to system reliability, or where a heat pump is required to accommodate relatively high thermal rejection temperatures. Shearography techniques for nondestructive inspection and evaluation were examined for two unique applications. Shearography is shown to give good results in evaluating the quality of bonds holding lead tiles to the SWIFT spacecraft BAT gamma ray mask. Also, a novel technique was developed allowing specular objects to be inspected using shearography to evaluate bonding between the skin and core of a specular surface honeycomb structure. Large-scale bond failures are readily identified. Shearography; Heat Pumps; Capillary Pumped Loops; Nondestructive Tests; Spacecraft Radiators; Temperature Control 20050010138 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA A Robust and Engineerable Self-Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays McMillan, R. Andrew; Howard, Jeanie; Zaluzec, Nestor J.; Kagawa, Hiromi K.; Li, Yi-Fen; Paavola, Chad D.; Trent, Jonathan D.; [2004]; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): BESMSW-31-109Eng38; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Self-assembling biomolecules that form highly ordered structures have attracted interest as potential alternatives to conventional lithographic processes for patterning materials. Here we introduce a general technique for patterning materials on the nanoscale using genetically modified protein cage structures called chaperonins that self-assemble into crystalline templates. Constrained chemical synthesis of transition metal nanoparticles is specific to templates genetically functionalized with poly-histidine sequences. These arrays of materials are ordered by the nanoscale structure of the crystallized protein. This system may be easily adapted to pattern a variety of materials given the rapidly growing list of peptide sequences selected by screening for specificity for inorganic materials. Proteins; Nanofabrication; Self Assembly; Protein Crystal Growth 20050010154 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA Reduced Engine Friction and Wear Matthews, R.; Jul. 08, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821853; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Progress was made on experimental and numerical subtasks during the second 6-month period of this project. One of the experimental subtasks scheduled for completion during the first 6 months was delayed due to a delay in receiving the prototype 59

RLE face seal from the vendor. This component was acquired and testing was completed during the second 6 months. The test results indicate that this face seal fulfills the engineering objectives. The other experimental subtask scheduled for completion during the second 6-month period was final assembly of the prototype rotating liner engine. This subtask was completed on schedule. No results from this subtask were scheduled for this reporting period. One numerical subtask, development of the governing equations, was scheduled for completion during the first 6-month period but was completed during the second 6 months. However, we expect to re-explore these as we learn more throughout the course of the project. Two other numerical subtasks were scheduled to begin during the second 6 months: formulating the numerical equations governing piston assembly friction and coding/testing the resulting model. These subtasks were not scheduled for completion during this reporting period. Satisfactory progress was made. NTIS Friction; Prototypes; Pistons 39 STRUCTURAL MECHANICS Includes structural element design, analysis and testing; dynamic responses of structures; weight analysis; fatigue and other structural properties; and mechanical and thermal stresses in structures. For applications see 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance. 20050000030 New York State Dept. of Transportation, Albany, NY, USA Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements Lund, R.; Alampalli, S.; Nov. 2004; 66 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101476; SR-142; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy The design fatigue life of a bridge component is based on the stress spectrum the component experiences and the fatigue durability. Changes in traffic patterns, volume, and any degradation of structural components can influence the fatigue life of the bridge. A fatigue life evaluation, reflecting the actual conditions, has value to bridge owners. This report presents a study where the remaining fatigue life of the Patroon Island Bridge, which carries Interstate 90 over the Hudson River, was estimated as part of a structural integrity evaluation and a larger evaluation of the entire interchange. The Patroon Island Bridge consists of ten spans. Seven spans are considered the main spans and consist of steel trusses and concrete decks. The other three spans are considered approach spans and consist of plate girders. The overall bridge length is 1,795 feet. Procedures outlined in the AASHTO Guide Specifications for Fatigue Evaluation of Existing Steel Bridges and strain data from critical structural members were used to estimate the remaining fatigue life of selected bridge components. The results indicate that most of the identified critical details have an infinite remaining safe fatigue life and others have a substantial fatigue life, however the remaining fatigue life has not been determined for damaged and cracked members. NTIS Fatigue Life; Strain Measurement; Structural Design; Structural Failure 20050010116 Missouri Univ., Rolla, MO, USA Acquisition of Integrated Testing System for Civil Construction Materials and Structures. Phase I and II Chandrashekhara, K.; Jun. 2004; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101803; UTC RE-115; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy An interdisciplinary team of faculty members has been formed to acquire an Impact Testing Machine. The machine will be useful for both low velocity and high velocity impacts. The maximum physical drop height is up to 1.25 m and can simulate drop height of 20.4 m. The package includes composite test fixture, tup extender, hemispherical tup insert, and software training. NTIS Impact Testing Machines; Systems Integration 20050010369 Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA USA Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties Paul, Walter, ; Jul. 2004; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-96-1-0346 Report No.(s): AD-A428108; WHOI-2004-06; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report describes the design of tire cord reinforced rubber hoses, which have found an application as mooring hoses 60

for buoy systems. These hoses stand out due to their ruggedness and ability to significantly stretch under load. The ruggedness is achieved through a steam curing = vulcanization process of the completed hose, generating a similar toughness of the hoses like automobile tires. Elastic stretch ranges can be designed from 30 to 130 percent through variation of the arrangement of the load carrying tire cord layers in the hose body. The hoses can also be furnished with electrical conductors and possibly optical light-guides as part of the hose wall. This technical report describes the design, fabrication, and mechanical properties of the mooring hoses to allow engineers to custom develop hoses with tailored mechanical properties. Buoys; Fabrication; Hoses; Mechanical Properties; Mooring; Rubber 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING Includes remote sensing of earth features, phenomena and resources by aircraft, balloon, rocket, and spacecraft; analysis of remote sensing data and imagery; development of remote sensing products; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography. 20050000116 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA How Consistent are Recent Variations in the Tropical Energy and Water Cycle Resolved by Satellite Measurements? Robertson, F. R.; Lu, H.-I.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; IGWCO/GEWEX/UNESCO Workshop on Trends in Global Water Cycle Variables, 3-5 Nov. 2004, Paris, France; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only One notable aspect of Earth s climate is that although the planet appears to be very close to radiative balance at top-of-atmosphere (TOA), the atmosphere itself and underlying surface are not. Profound exchanges of energy between the atmosphere and oceans, land and cryosphere occur over a range of time scales. Recent evidence from broadband satellite measurements suggests that even these TOA fluxes contain some detectable variations. Our ability to measure and reconstruct radiative fluxes at the surface and at the top of atmosphere is improving rapidly. One question is How consistent, physically, are these diverse remotely-sensed data sets? The answer is of crucial importance to understanding climate processes, improving physical models, and improving remote sensing algorithms. In this work we will evaluate two recently released estimates of radiative fluxes, focusing primarily on surface estimates. The International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project FD radiative flux profiles are available from mid-1983 to near present and have been constructed by driving the radiative transfer physics from the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) global model with ISCCP clouds and TOVS (TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder)thermodynamic profiles. Full and clear sky SW and LW fluxes are produced. A similar product from the NASA/GEWEX Surface Radiation Budget Project using different radiative flux codes and thermodynamics from the NASA/Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-1) assimilation model makes a similar calculation of surface fluxes. However this data set currently extends only through 1995. We also employ precipitation measurements from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Finally, ocean evaporation estimates from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) are considered as well as derived evaporation from the NCAR/NCEP Reanalysis. Additional information is included in the original extended abstract. (revised) Tropical Meteorology; Hydrological Cycle; Earth Radiation Budget 20050010340 Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS USA Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures Bottin, Robert R., Jr., ; Tolliver, Larry R., ; Myrick, Glenn B., ; Sep. 2004; 54 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427989; ERDC/CHL-TR-04-11; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy This report presents results of inspections of rubble-mound coastal structures monitored previously under the Monitoring Completed Navigation Projects (MCNP) Program. Expedient, low-cost walking inspections were performed at 11 sites. Positions of breakwater and jetty armor units were compared with their positions in previous aerial photography and photogrammetric surveys. Settlement of portions of the structures as well as voids in their armor cover also was noted, and photographs of the structures were obtained. Summaries of inspection results as well as recommendations are presented in this report. The work was conducted under the Periodic Inspections work unit of the MCNP program Aerial Photography; Breakwaters; Coasts; Inspection 61

44 ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION Includes specific energy conversion systems, e.g., fuel cells; and solar, geothermal, windpower, and waterwave conversion systems; energy storage; and traditional power generators. For technologies related to nuclear energy production see 73 Nuclear Physics. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 28 Propellants and Fuels. 20050000022 Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA Analysis of HMG Policies and Regulations Affecting Electrical Vehicles Jul. 2003; 48 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101696; PN-ACW-354; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Pollution control, including air pollution through vehicular emission, has been a government priority at the policy level since 1992. Government strategies and action programs in subsequent plans and policy documents, however, have been very broad and limited mostly to formulation and implementation of vehicular emission standards particularly in the Kathmandu valley. Despite frequent attempts at framing environmental policies, strategies, and action programs, Nepal is yet to come up with a long-term national policy related to the control of vehicular air pollution. The regrettable situation today is that accumulated efforts over the years in this sector has only resulted in a build up of paper work with hardly any of the policy strategies, action plans and programs designed so far actually being translated into action. NTIS Air Pollution; Exhaust Emission; Exhaust Gases; Pollution Control 20050001359 Porto Univ., Portugal Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve Zhao, Mai-Huan; Huang, Qiang; Xu, Chen-Guang; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 60; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Since the large-scale hydropower plant must undertake the spinning reserve of power system, a small amount of out-flow water does not generate electricity. In order to increase water use efficiency, it is necessary to calculate the spillage owing to improper dispatch. Therefore, the optimal operation of hydroelectric systems should be obligated with the undertaking spinning reserve. A calculation method of the spillage owing to improper dispatch for large-scale is discussed. And this method is used to calculate the spillage owing to improper dispatch of Longyangxia hydropower plant in 2001. The spillage owing to improper dispatch is remarkable, which could be saved by proper dispatch. Hydroelectricity; Spilling; Water; Releasing; Dams 20050010291 Hanyang Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II Ha, Sung Kyu, ; Kim, Dong-Jin, ; Yoon, Young-Bok, ; Ha, Eun-Ju, ; Apr. 2003; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F62562-01-P-M014 Report No.(s): AD-A427873; AOARD-014026; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy This report summarizes three related efforts on optimization of composite flywheel rotors: 1) The effects of angles of filament winding on residual strains. These strains strongly affect mechanical performance. 2) The effects of rotor size and matrix epoxy system on residual strains and use of hybrid designs to optimize performance. 3) Development of a stress-analysis module and a software package to optimize flywheel-rotor design. Composite Materials; Flywheels; Hybrid Composites; Rotors 45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION Includes atmospheric, water, soil, noise, and thermal pollution. 20050000014 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates Wu, S.; Palm, S.; Tang, Y.; Goddard, W. A.; Oct. 31, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822369; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) 62

In the fourth quarter of the project, we fixed the interference problem of linear CCD array when collecting elastic scattering signal from laser sources. We collected scattering signal of standard samples and also on a wax formation liquid. The results are compared to theoretical results and demonstrate the clear advantages of such technique v. s. traditional scattering instrument with enclosures or just transmission type of spectrometers. NTIS Particulates; Instruments 20050000015 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate Rochelle, G. T.; Chen, E.; Cullinane, J. T.; Hilliard, M.; Oyenekan, B.; Jul. 28, 2003; 56 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822319; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge The objective of this work is to improve the process for CO2 capture by alkanolamine absorption/stripping by developing an alternative solvent, aqueous K2CO3 promoted by piperazine. A rigorous thermodynamic model has been further developed with a stand-alone FORTRAN code to represent the CO2 vapor pressure and speciation of the new solvent. Gas chromatography has been used to measure the oxidative degradation of piperazine. The heat exchangers for the pilot plant have been received. The modifications are on schedule for start-up in November 2003. NTIS Air Pollution; Carbon Dioxide; Thermodynamics 20050000016 Westinghouse Savannah River Co., Aiken, SC, USA Dynamic Compaction Facility Test Report McMullin, S. R.; Dendler, S. A.; Mar. 1994; 238 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-766655; WSRC-TR-94-0159; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge The primary objective for the Dynamic Compaction Facility (DCF) test was to determine if dynamic compaction of buried low-level waste trenches would cause damage or failure to the adjacent Mixed Waste Management Facility (MWMF) closure system. A second objective was to quantify the success of dynamic compaction in consolidated buried B-25 boxes containing low-level waste. NTIS Compacting; Dynamic Tests 20050000020 Chemonics International, Inc., Washington, DC, USA Compressed Natural Gas versus Diesel, Results of Vehicle Testing at MISR Lab Mar. 2004; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101698; PN-ACX-796; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The Cairo Air Improvement Project (CAIP) is funded by the USA Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented in partnership with the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) and the Ministry of Petroleum (MOP). Its goal is to develop and implement measures to reduce air pollutants that have the most serious impact on human health in Greater Cairo. The prime contractor, Chemonics International, provided the technical expertise, project management, training, and equipment procurement in support of the GOE in its environmental objectives. The Government of Egypt (GOE) and USAID have been working together to reduce harmful emissions from diesel-fueled buses, especially particulate matter (PM), through the introduction of a compressed natural gas (CNG)-fueled Pilot Bus Fleet program. This report compares PM emissions produced by CNG and diesel-fueled buses and explores the impact of a program implemented for inspection and maintenance of diesel transit buses (IMTB). NTIS Air Pollution; Compressed Gas; Diesel Engines 20050000021 Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA Health Impacts of Kathmandu s Air Pollution Sep. 2003; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101697; PN-ACW-355; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Many international studies have shown that there are serious health risks associated with air pollution. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), air pollution is responsible for increases in outpatient visits due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, hospital admissions and mortality. WHO estimates that globally about 3 million people die each year 63

due to air pollution out of which 800,000 premature deaths result from out door air pollution. These figures indicate that Kathmandu s air quality is also likely to have serious public health implications. This study aims to compile and analyze available information on the health effects of Kathmandu s air pollution to support decision-makers as well as the public in understanding the relationship between pollution and health. NTIS Air Pollution; Air Quality; Cardiovascular System 20050000029 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Acid Rain Program Sep. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101590; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Acid Rain Program Progress Report is published annually by EPA to update the public on compliance with the Acid Rain Program, the status of implementation, and progress toward achieving environmental goals. The Acid Rain Program 2003 Progress Report updates data reported in previous years, Specifically: SO2 emissions, allowance market information, and program compliance; NOX emissions and program compliance; and Status and trends in acid deposition, air quality, and ecological effects Detailed unit-level emissions data are available on EPA s Clean Air Markets website. NTIS Acid Rain; Air Quality 20050000031 Eastern Research Group, Inc., Morrisville, NC Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts Wilson, D.; Fanjoy, J.; Billings, R.; Oct. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101462; DIMMS-2004-072; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Measurements of ozone concentrations in onshore areas of Texas and Louisiana periodically exceed the national standard for one-hour ozone in non-attainment areas, with some observations nearly three times the national standard. Shoreline and inland locations in Texas and Louisiana could potentially be influenced by emission sources in the Gulf of Mexico. The Minerals Management Service (MMS) is responsible for determining if air pollutant emissions from Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil and natural gas platforms and other sources in the Gulf of Mexico influence the ozone attainment and nonattainment status of onshore areas. Ozone forms in the presence of sunlight from the reaction of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA Title VIII, Sec 801(b)) specifically mandate that MMS conduct a research study to assess the potential for onshore impacts of certain types of air pollutant emissions from offshore oil and gas exploration, development, and production in regions of the Gulf of Mexico. This mandate grew out of concerns regarding the cumulative onshore impacts of air pollutant emissions from more than 3,000 offshore facilities in the central and western Gulf of Mexico. MMS launched a series of studies, beginning in the 1980s, to assess the emissions of offshore oil and gas platforms and their associated emissions. The overall goal of the study was to assess, through computer simulation modeling, the effects that OCS development has on ozone concentrations in the onshore areas of Texas and Louisiana that are designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as nonattainment for one-hour average ozone. The study covered many types of offshore emission sources, focusing on oil and gas production platform emissions. NTIS Air Pollution; Air Quality; Computerized Simulation 20050000033 Eastern Research Group, Inc., Morrisville, NC Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico Billings, R.; Wilson, D.; Oct. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101461; DIMMS-2004-071; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Minerals Management Service (MMS) is responsible for assessing the potential impacts of air pollutant emissions from offshore oil and gas exploration, development, and production sources in the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). This responsibility is driven by the OCS Lands Act, which directs MMS to regulate OCS emission sources to assure that they do not significantly affect onshore air quality. The Breton National Wilderness Area (BNWA), part of the Breton National Wildlife Refuge, is classified as a Class I area under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA s) Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) regulations. The BNWA is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Under the Clean Air Act, air quality degradation is limited in Class I areas by establishing stringent increment limits for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur 64

dioxide (SO2). These increments are the maximum increases in ambient pollutant concentrations allowed over baseline concentrations. The Minerals Management Service (MMS) is responsible for determining if air pollutant concentrations of NOx and SO2 have changed over time in the Gulf of Mexico in the vicinity of the BNWA due to emissions from oil and natural gas production sources. In response to this mandate, MMS has developed an overall strategy to deal with Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil and gas production activities that could affect the BNWA. This includes developing inventories of platform emissions, conducting air quality monitoring activities, and establishing a review process for new plans that includes close coordination with the Fish and Wildlife Service. Currently there are three studies which will provide the MMS with databases describing the OCS oil and gas production emissions during four periods. The periods cover all of the years 1977, 1988, and 2000; and this study, which covers 12 consecutive months from September 1, 2000 to August 31, 2001. NTIS Continental Shelves; Exhaust Emission; Exhaust Gases; Gulf of Mexico; Inventories; Quality Control 20050010080 National Network for Environmental Management Studies, Washington, DC, USA Discussion of Asbestos Detection Techniques for Air and Soil Perry, A.; Aug. 2004; 44 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101644; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Asbestos is a toxic mineral known to produce debilitating health effects in humans. Because of its toxicity, it is necessary to have effective techniques and methods to detect and quantify asbestos in the environment. In the case of the Superfund Program, which is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), effective detection techniques and methods are needed to aid in the discovery of contaminated sites, assess the severity of contamination, and to determine if cleanup efforts have been successful. Over the years, a number of techniques and methods have been developed for asbestos, but there is no clearly superior technique or method. Each technique or method has its own strengths and weaknesses, and these strengths and weaknesses must be carefully weighed to determine how to best detect asbestos under a given circumstance. NTIS Asbestos; Detection; Toxicity 20050010090 Econergy, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA Credit Trading and Power: Issues and Opportunities Rackstraw, K.; Palmisano, J.; May 2002; 88 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822442; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge Trading of emissions credits, allowances, and quotas is becoming widely recognized as an effective means of lowering the cost of achieving air pollution control objectives, but the use of credit trading is spreading far beyond emissions trading. Credits are now being developed to convey or represent the environmental and other benefits that flow from the use of renewable energy. This report focuses on credits that are derived from wind energy technology, but the same concepts also apply to other renewable energy technologies. Credit trading, which can be applied to a wide variety of policies, programs, and private market activities, represents a means of tapping into revenue streams that traditionally have largely excluded wind and other renewables. In addition, credit trading can help to create new revenue streams for wind and other renewables by helping to establish new markets. NTIS Energy Technology; Renewable Energy; Air Pollution 20050010096 ADA Environmental Solutions, LLC, Littleton, CO, USA Advanced Flue Gas Conditioning as a Retrofit Upgrade to Enhance PM Collection from Coal-Fired Electric Utility Boilers Baldrey, K. E.; Jul. 30, 2003; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-824878; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge The U.S. Department of Energy and ADA Environmental Solutions are engaged in a project to develop commercial flue gas conditioning additives. The objective is to develop conditioning agents that can help improve particulate control performance of smaller or under-sized electrostatic precipitators on utility coal-fired boilers. The new chemicals will be used to control both the electrical resistivity and the adhesion or cohesivity of the fly ash. There is a need to provide cost-effective 65

and safer alternatives to traditional flue gas conditioning with SO(sub 3) and ammonia. NTIS Boilers; Flue Gases; Electrical Resistivity 20050010098 Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT, USA Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership Capalbo, S. M.; 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822699; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Big Sky Partnership, led by Montana State University, is comprised of research institutions, public entities and private sectors organizations, and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes and the Nez Perce Tribe. Efforts during the first performance period fall into four areas: evaluation of sources and carbon sequestration sinks; development of GIS-based reporting framework; designing an integrated suite of monitoring, measuring, and verification technologies; and initiating a comprehensive education and outreach program. At the first Partnership meeting the groundwork was put in place to provide an assessment of capture and storage capabilities for CO2 utilizing the resources found in the Partnership region (both geological and terrestrial sinks), that would complement the ongoing DOE research. The region has a diverse array of geological formations that could provide storage options for carbon in one or more of its three states. NTIS Carbon Dioxide; Carbon; Organizations 20050010114 Kentucky Univ., Lexington, KY, USA Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands Graves, D. H.; Barton, C.; Sweigard, R.; Warner, R.; Jul. 24, 2003; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822317; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge Over 160 acres of tree seedlings were planted during the last quarter. This quarter marked the beginning of the installation of new instrumentation and the inspection and calibration of previously installed recording devices. Sampling systems were initiated to quantify initial seedling success as well as height measurements. Nursery seedlings have been inoculated to produce mycorrhizal treated stock for 2004 spring plantings to determine the effects on carbon sequestration. All planting areas in western Kentucky have been sampled with the recording cone penetrometer and the nuclear density gauge to measure soil density. NTIS Seedlings (Botany); Planting; Carbon 20050010120 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates Wu, S.; Palm, S.; Tang, Y.; 2004; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-820569; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In the second quarter of the project, we built the liquid aerosol generator and characterized it. We also constructed and perfected light sources and detection systems. We also designed programs to simulate spherical particle MIE scattering for different wavelengths. NTIS On-Line Systems; Particulates; Aerosols; Pollution Monitoring 20050010132 Chemonics International, Inc., Washington, DC, USA Contamination Assessment of the Awadallah Secondary Lead Smelter at Shoubra el Kheima May 2003; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101700; PN-ACX-798; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Government of Egypt (GOE) through the Egyptian environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) has developed a comprehensive plan for lead abatement in Cairo. The EEAA Lead Exposure Abatement Plan (LEAP) addresses all sources, exposure pathways and remedial actions associated with lead pollution in the Greater Cairo Area. As part of this plan, secondary lead smelters that are located in densely populated areas have come under increased scrutiny. The GOE developed the Lead Smelter Action Plan (LSAP) to reduce the impact of these lead smelters on the environment. As part of the LSAP, the Cairo Air Improvement Project (CAIP) and Egyptian Environmental Policy Project (EEPP) are currently working with the Awadallah family s company, a major lead producer in Cairo, to consolidate its operations and move them to a new, more 66

modern plant site located at the Abu Zaabal Industrial part. This move will leave in its wake the existing structures which have become highly contaminated with lead dust. The following presents a brief overview of background information for the Smelter including existing site conditions and the findings and conclusions of the Preliminary Assessment. In addition, the methodologies, results, and conclusions are presented for the Remedial Investigation to date. NTIS Contamination; Lead (Metal); Environment Management 20050010142 Chemonics International, Inc., Washington, DC, USA IMTB Program Summary Report Feb. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101699; PN-ACX-797; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Cairo Air Improvement Project (CAIP) is funded by the USA Agency for International Development (USAID). The project s goal is to initiate and implement measures to reduce air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) that have the most serious impacts on human health in Greater Cairo. There are more than 4,000 public transit buses in service in Greater Cairo. Almost all of them are powered by diesel engines and are major contributors to PM emissions. A plan is in effect to convert diesel-powered vehicles to compressed natural gas (CNG) with special attention being given to transit buses. This report describes the implementation of the Inspection/Maintenance for Transit Buses (IMTB) program at the bus companies in Cairo and presents the findings with recommendations for future activities. NTIS Hazardous Wastes; Pert; Natural Gas; Compressed Gas 20050010155 California State Univ., Sacramento, CA, USA Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Fabry, V. J.; Mar. 31, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821485; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Predictions of increasing levels of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO(sub 2)) and the specter of global warming have intensified research efforts to identify ways to sequester carbon. A number of novel avenues of research are being considered, including bioprocessing methods to promote and accelerate biosequestration of CO(sub 2) from the environment through the growth of organisms such as coccolithophorids, which are capable of sequestering CO(sub 2) relatively permanently. Calcium and magnesium carbonates are currently the only proven, long-term storage reservoirs for carbon. Whereas organic carbon is readily oxidized and releases CO(sub 2) through microbial decomposition on land and in the sea, carbonates can sequester carbon over geologic time scales. This proposal investigates the use of coccolithophorids--single-celled, marine algae that are the major global producers of calcium carbonate--to sequester CO(sub 2) emissions from power plants. Cultivation of coccolithophorids for calcium carbonate (CaCO(sub 3)) precipitation is environmentally benign and results in a stable product with potential commercial value. Because this method of carbon sequestration does not impact natural ecosystem dynamics, it avoids controversial issues of public acceptability and legality associated with other options such as direct injection of CO(sub 2) into the sea and ocean fertilization. Consequently, cultivation of coccolithophorids could be carried out immediately and the amount of carbon sequestered as CaCO(sub 3) could be readily quantified. The significant advantages of this approach warrant its serious investigation. The major goals of the proposed research are to identify the growth conditions that will result in the maximum amount of CO(sub 2) sequestration through coccolithophorid calcite production and to evaluate the costs/benefits of using coccolithophorid cultivation ponds to abate CO(sub 2) emissions from power plants. NTIS Algae; Carbon Dioxide; Calcium Carbonates; Ecosystems 20050010156 Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, USA Coal Particle Flow Patterns for O(sub 2) Enriched, Low NO(sub x) Burners Curtis, J. S.; 2004; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-820874; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The year-end report summarizes the results of the series of experiments conducted to evaluate the effects of oxygen partial pressure on coal combustion. Specifically, the effects of oxygen partial pressure in the transport air stream on flame stability, flame standoff distance and overall NOx emissions were examined. NTIS Flow Distribution; Pressure Effects; Partial Pressure 67

20050010157 California State Univ., Sacramento, CA, USA Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Fabry, V. J.; Sep. 30, 2002; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821482; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Predictions of increasing levels of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO(sub 2)) and the specter of global warming have intensified research efforts to identify ways to sequester carbon. A number of novel avenues of research are being considered, including bioprocessing methods to promote and accelerate biosequestration of CO(sub 2) from the environment through the growth of organisms such as coccolithophorids, which are capable of sequestering CO(sub 2) relatively permanently. Calcium and magnesium carbonates are currently the only proven, long-term storage reservoirs for carbon. Whereas organic carbon is readily oxidized and releases CO(sub 2) through microbial decomposition on land and in the sea, carbonates can sequester carbon over geologic time scales. This proposal investigates the use of coccolithophorids--single-celled, marine algae that are the major global producers of calcium carbonate--to sequester CO(sub 2) emissions from power plants. Cultivation of coccolithophorids for calcium carbonate (CaCO(sub 3)) precipitation is environmentally benign and results in a stable product with potential commercial value. Because this method of carbon sequestration does not impact natural ecosystem dynamics, it avoids controversial issues of public acceptability and legality associated with other options such as direct injection of CO(sub 2) into the sea and ocean fertilization. Consequently, cultivation of coccolithophorids could be carried out immediately and the amount of carbon sequestered as CaCO(sub 3) could be readily quantified. The significant advantages of this approach warrant its serious investigation. The major goals of the proposed research are to identify the growth conditions that will result in the maximum amount of CO(sub 2) sequestration through coccolithophorid calcite production and to evaluate the costs/benefits of using coccolithophorid cultivation ponds to abate CO(sub 2) emissions from power plants. NTIS Algae; Carbon Dioxide; Calcium Carbonates; Ecosystems 20050010160 Kansas Univ., Lawrence, KS, USA Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MIDCARB) Carr, T. R.; White, S. W.; 2002; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821472; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This annual report describes progress in the second year of the three-year project entitled Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MIDCARB). This project, funded by the Department of Energy, is a cooperative project that assembles a consortium of five states (Indiana, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky and Ohio) to construct an online distributed Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) covering aspects of carbon dioxide geologic sequestration. The system links the five states in the consortium into a coordinated regional database system consisting of datasets useful to industry, regulators and the public. The project is providing advanced distributed computing solutions to link database servers across the five states into a single system where data is maintained at the local level but is accessed through a single Web portal and can be queried, assembled, analyzed and displayed. Each individual state has strengths in data gathering, data manipulation and data display, including GIS mapping, custom application development, web development, and database design. Sharing of expertise provides the critical mass of technical expertise to improve CO(sub 2) databases and data access in all states. This project improves the flow of data across servers in the five states and increases the amount and quality of available digital data. NTIS Carbon Dioxide; Geographic Information Systems; Data Base Management Systems 20050010162 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification Oldenburg, C. M.; Lewicki, J. L.; Hepple, R. P.; Oct. 30, 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821044; LBNL-54089; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Geologic carbon sequestration is the capture of anthropogenic CO2, typically separated from industrial and power-plant flue gases, and its storage in deep underground formations such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs and deep brine-filled formations. The purpose of geologic carbon sequestration is to reduce net atmospheric emissions of CO2 to mitigate potential climate change associated with the role of CO2 as a greenhouse gas. In order to ensure that geologic CO2 storage is effective, monitoring of CO2 storage sites will have to be carried out to verify that CO2 is not leaking from the intended storage site, migrating to the near-surface environment, and seeping out of the ground. The purpose of this report is to discuss CO2 storage verification by monitoring and analysis of the near-surface environment. To this end, we (1) present a discussion of the properties of CO2 and implications for CO2 transport in the near-surface region, (2) summarize model simulations of CO2 68

leakage and seepage that establish some fundamental features of the process, (3) present a summary of processes that affect natural background CO2 fluxes and concentrations within which the LOSS will have to be discerned, (4) present a summary of instrumentation that is currently available or potentially available in the future to monitor CO2 leakage and seepage in the near-surface environment, and (5) discuss potential strategies and approaches that use existing instrumentation to discern CO2 LOSS from the naturally varying background fluxes and concentrations associated with the carbon cycle. NTIS Carbon Dioxide Concentration; Flue Gases; Thermal Radiation; Climate Change 20050010164 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data Thatcher, T. L.; McKone, T. E.; Fisk, W. J.; Sohn, M. D.; Delp, W. W.; Dec. 2001; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-820780; LBNL-49321; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The process of characterizing human exposure to particulate matter requires information on both particle concentrations in microenvironments and the timespecific activity budgets of individuals among these microenvironments. Because the average amount of time spent indoors by individuals in the US is estimated to be greater than 75%, accurate characterization of particle concentrations indoors is critical to exposure assessments for the US population. In addition, it is estimated that indoor particle concentrations depend strongly on outdoor concentrations. The spatial and temporal variations of indoor particle concentrations as well as the factors that affect these variations are important to health scientists. For them, knowledge of the factors that control the relationship of indoor particle concentrations to outdoor levels is particularly important. In this report, we identify and evaluate sources of data for those factors that affect the transport to and concentration of outdoor particles in the indoor environment. Concentrations of particles indoors depend upon the fraction of outdoor particles that penetrate through the building shell or are transported via the air handling (HVAC) system, the generation of particles by indoor sources, and the loss mechanisms that occur indoors, such as deposition. To address these issues, we (1) identify and assemble relevant information including the behavior of particles during air leakage, HVAC operations, and particle filtration; (2) review and evaluate the assembled information to distinguish data that are directly relevant to specific estimates of particle transport from those that are only indirectly useful and (3) provide a synthesis of the currently available information on building air-leakage parameters and their effect on indoor particle matter concentrations. NTIS Exposure; Spatial Distribution; Temporal Distribution; Atmospheric Effects 20050019340 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment Liu, X.; Chance, K.; Sioris, C. E.; Sparr, R. J. D.; Kuregm, T. P.; Martin, R. V.; Newchurch, M. J.; Bhartia, P. K.; [2003]; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-11677; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Ozone profiles are derived from backscattered radiances in the ultraviolet spectra (290-340 nm) measured by the nadir-viewing Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment using optimal estimation. Tropospheric O3 is directly retrieved with the tropopause as one of the retrieval levels. To optimize the retrieval and improve the fitting precision needed for tropospheric O3, we perform extensive wavelength and radiometric calibrations and improve forward model inputs. Retrieved O3 profiles and tropospheric O3 agree well with coincident ozonesonde measurements, and the integrated total O3 agrees very well with Earth Probe TOMS and Dobson/Brewer total O3. The global distribution of tropospheric O3 clearly shows the influences of biomass burning, convection, and air pollution, and is generally consistent with our current understanding. Atmospheric Composition; Ozone; Troposphere; Algorithms 20050019438 Advanced Engineering Associates International, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA Feasibility Study for the Modernization of TP1 and TP2 Baneasa Heating Plants, Bucharest, Romania Jan. 2003; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101202; PN-ADA-659; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This EcoLinks project is a Best Practice because it successfully demonstrated a solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and generating reliable and cost effective energy by replacing old heat-only boiler plants with small-scale, combined heat and power plants (CHPs) in a large, district heating utility in Romania. Based on the research and analysis of several 69

alternatives, a practical locally feasible solution resulting in both economic and environmental benefits was selected. This integrative methodology, involving a feasibility study a sound financial strategy, is transferable to other similar utilities seeking to improve energy efficiency and availability and service quality; and to reduce heat and power costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, data gathered from surveying residential clients attitudes toward heat savings and related investments in their apartments and collective buildings provided an important information base that could also benefit other utility companies seeking to improve the quality and reliability of their services. NTIS Exhaust Gases; Energy Conservation; Exhaust Emission 20050019439 Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study Reeves, S.; Taillefert, A.; Pekot, L.; Feb. 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-825083; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In October, 2000, the USA Department of Energy, through contractor Advanced Resources International (ARI), launched a multi-year government-industry research & development collaboration called the Coal-Seq project. The Coal-Seq project is investigating the feasibility of carbon dioxide (CO(sub 2)) sequestration in deep, unmineable coalseams by performing detailed reservoir studies of two enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery field projects in the San Juan basin. The two sites are the Allison Unit, operated by Burlington Resources, and into which CO(sub 2) is being injected, and the Tiffany Unit, operating by BP America, into which nitrogen (N(sub 2)) is being injected (the interest in understanding the N(sub 2)-ECBM process has important implications for CO(sub 2) sequestration via flue-gas injection). The purposes of the field studies are to understand the reservoir mechanisms of CO(sub 2) and N(sub 2) injection into coalseams, demonstrate the practical effectiveness of the ECBM and sequestration processes, demonstrate an engineering capability to model them, and to evaluate sequestration economics. NTIS Carbon Dioxide; Methane; Minerals 46 GEOPHYSICS Includes Earth structure and dynamics, aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and geomagnetism. For related information see 47 Meteorology and Climatology; and 93 Space Radiation. 20050010079 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Earth s Early Biosphere and the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle DesMarais, David; October 07, 2004; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 390-30-1D; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Our biosphere has altered the global environment principally by influencing the chemistry of those elements most important for life, e g., C, N, S, O, P and transition metals (e.g., Fe and Mn). The coupling of oxygenic photosynthesis with the burial in sediments of photosynthetic organic matter, and with the escape of H2 to space, has increased the state of oxidation of the Oceans and atmosphere. It has also created highly reduced conditions within sedimentary rocks that have also extensively affected the geochemistry of several elements. The decline of volcanism during Earth s history reduced the flow of reduced chemical species that reacted with photosynthetically produced O2. The long-term net accumulation of photosynthetic O2 via biogeochemical processes has profoundly influenced our atmosphere and biosphere, as evidenced by the O2 levels required for algae, multicellular life and certain modem aerobic bacteria to exist. When our biosphere developed photosynthesis, it tapped into an energy resource that was much larger than the energy available from oxidation-reduction reactions associated with weathering and hydrothermal activity. Today, hydrothermal sources deliver globally (0.13-1.1)x10(exp l2) mol yr(sup -1) of reduced S, Fe(2+), Mn(2+), H2 and CH4; this is estimated to sustain at most about (0.2-2)xl0(exp 12)mol C yr(sup -1) of organic carbon production by chemautotrophic microorganisms. In contrast, global photosynthetic productivity is estimated to be 9000x10(exp 12) mol C yr(sup -1). Thus, even though global thermal fluxes were greater in the distant geologic past than today, the onset of oxygenic photosynthesis probably increased global organic productivity by some two or more orders of magnitude. This enormous productivity materialized principally because oxygenic photosynthesizers unleashed a virtually unlimited supply of reduced H that forever freed life from its sole dependence upon abiotic sources of reducing power such as hydrothermal emanations and weathering. Communities sustained by oxygenic photosynthesis apparently thrived wherever supplies of sunlight, moisture and nutrients were sufficient. Prior to the 70

development of oxygenic photosynthesis, the net global effect of the ancient global biosphere was to facilitate chemical equilibrium between reduced species from thermal activity and weathering and more oxidized constituents in the surface environment. But even this ancient biosphere might have been globally pervasive. The global geothermal heat flow was substantially higher during Earth s first billion years, and thus reduced chemical species might have persisted in sunlit aquatic environments. Perhaps the substantial decline in thermal activity between 4000 and 3000 Ma created a driver for oxygenic photosynthesis to develop. Biogeochemistry; Biosphere; Carbon Cycle; Earth Surface 20050010276 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA LISA: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna Tinto, Masimo, ; Sep. 2004; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427841; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a deep-space mission, jointly proposed to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), for detecting and studying gravitational radiation in the millihertz frequency band 1. An overview of this new, exciting, and technologically challenging mission is presented, giving special emphasis to its frequency and timing requirements. Aerospace Environments; Deep Space; Interferometers; LISA (Observatory) 20050010290 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO USA Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa Engdahl, Eric R., ; Bergman, Eric A., ; Oct. 2004; 38 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DTRA01-00-C-0032 Report No.(s): AD-A427872; CU-1532343; DTRA-TR-03-32; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A database of seismic networks and stations, including their operational history, has been compiled from all sources. In particular, the name, coordinates and elevations of seismic stations that have operated or are presently operating in Iran, India and China have been compiled. Seismic stations that have a long history of reporting phase data have been identified and validated. A new groomed version of the ISC/NEIC bulletin database for the period 1964-2000 has been used to identify and investigate potential reference events that meet GT5 criteria. A new algorithm that uses the new station database to identify potential reference events meeting GT5 criteria based solely on the distribution of potential reporting stations has been developed and implemented. High-resolution cluster analysis has been refined and applied to known earthquake sequences and to nuclear explosion sites in Asia and North Africa for which one or more of the associated events is known to GT5 accuracy. Visits by scientists from China, Iran and India have enabled us to identify new sources of reference events in those countries and to familiarize them with applications of the Hypocentroidal Decomposition (HDC) method. Regional arrival time data for stations in those countries for the Lop Nor, Chamoli and Bhuj clusters was obtained. A well-located GT5 data set of explosions and earthquakes was used to develop epicenter accuracy criteria for near-regional, regional, and teleseismic distance ranges. The cluster event catalogs and derived parameters, such as empirical estimates of source-station path anomalies, has provided a reference data set that has been used in experiments designed to validate a 3-D model of the region of interest. Africa; Asia; Cluster Analysis; Data Bases; Ground Truth 47 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY Includes weather observation forecasting and modification. 20050000023 Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Background Paper McClelland, D. G.; Sep. 2003; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101695; PN-ACT-552; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), created by the international community and supported by the USA, is a scientific body that reflects mainstream scientific understanding of climate change. IPCC has concluded that most 71

of the observed global warming of the last 50 years is attributable to human activities, which, if unchecked, could cause the planets average temperature to rise by as much as 10.4 degrees Fahrenheit over the next century. Over the last 100 years, average temperature has risen about 1 degree Fahrenheit and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels escalated dramatically, by about 25 percent. Most scientists are convinced that additional human-induced CO2 emissions (caused mainly by power production, automobile use, and burning of forests) are tilting the balance toward increased global warming. NTIS Carbon Dioxide; Climate Change; Global Warming 20050000024 Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study McClelland, D. G.; Addison, M.; Knowland, W.; Mar. 2003; 44 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101694; PN-ACS-282; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In January 2002, a three-person team traveled to the Philippines to assess the extent to which these programs had reduced net emissions of greenhouse gases. The assessment was designed to quantify and, when possible, assign a value to the win-win effect associated with the mission s environmental programs. The Philippines was selected for this assessment in part because it was one of nine key countries supported bilaterally under USAID s Climate Change Initiative. Although this initiative works in more than 40 countries, 12 countries or subregions were designated as key, based on the magnitude of their contribution to net greenhouse gas emissions or their government s commitment to addressing climate change problems as demonstrated by concrete action. NTIS Greenhouse Effect; Philippines; Climate Change 20050009877 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA, USA SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs Hilsenrath, Ernest, Technical Monitor; Chance, Kelly; Kurosu, Thomas; December 2004; 51 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-11677; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy This report summarizes the progress on our three-year program of research to refine the measurement capability for satellite-based instruments that monitor ozone and other trace species in the Earth s stratosphere and troposphere, to retrieve global distributions of these and other constituents h m the GOME and SCIAMACHY satellite instruments, and to conduct scientific studies for the ILAS instruments. This continues our involvements as a U.S. participant in GOME and SCIAMACHY since their inception, and as a member of the ILAS-II Science Team. These programs have led to the launch of the first satellite instrument specifically designed to measure height-resolved ozone, including the tropospheric component (GOME), and the development of the first satellite instrument that will measure tropospheric ozone simultaneously with NO2, CO, HCHO, N2O, H2O, and CH4 (SCIAMACHY). The GOME program now includes the GOME-2 instruments, to be launched on the Eumetsat Metop satellites, providing long-term continuity in European measurements of global ozone that complement the measurements of the TOMS, SBUV, OMI, OMPS instruments. The research primarily focuses on two areas: Data analysis, including algorithm development and validation studies that will improve the quality of retrieved data products, in support for future field campaigns (to complement in situ and airborne campaigns with satellite measurements), and scientific analyses to be interfaced to atmospheric modeling studies. Atmospheric Models; Methane; Ozone; Satellite Instruments; Trace Elements 20050009891 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features, Part 1, Radar, Radiometric, and Lightning Characteristics Cecil, Daniel J.; Goodman, Steven J.; Boccippio, Dennis J.; Zipser, Edward J.; Nesbitt, Stephen W.; [2004]; 72 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy During its first three years, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite observed nearly six million precipitation features. The population of precipitation features is sorted by lightning flash rate, minimum brightness temperature, maximum radar reflectivity, areal extent, and volumetric rainfall. For each of these characteristics, essentially describing the convective intensity or the size of the features, the population is broken into categories consisting of the top 0.001%, top 0.01%, top 0.1%, top 1%, top 2.4%, and remaining 97.6%. The set of weakest / smallest features comprises 97.6% of the population because that fraction does not have detected lightning, with a minimum detectable flash rate 0.7 fl/min. The greatest observed flash rate is 1351 fl/min; the lowest brightness temperatures are 42 K (85-GHz) and 69 K (37-72

GHz). The largest precipitation feature covers 335,000 sq km and the greatest rainfall from an individual precipitation feature exceeds 2 x 10(exp 12) kg of water. There is considerable overlap between the greatest storms according to different measures of convective intensity. The largest storms are mostly independent of the most intense storms. The set of storms producing the most rainfall is a convolution of the largest and the most intense storms. This analysis is a composite of the global tropics and subtropics. Significant variability is known to exist between locations, seasons, and meteorological regimes. Such variability will be examined in Part II. In Part I, only a crude land / Ocean separation is made. The known differences in bulk lightning flash rates over land and Ocean result from at least two differences in the precipitation feature population: the frequency of occurrence of intense storms, and the magnitude of those intense storms that do occur. Even when restricted to storms with the same brightness temperature, same size, or same radar reflectivity aloft, the storms over water are considerably less likely to produce lightning than are comparable storms over land. Trmm Satellite; Precipitation (Meteorology); Lightning 20050009951 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA, Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools Cole, Rod; Green, Steve; Jardin, Matt; Schwartz, Barry; Benjamin, Stan; [2000]; 1 pp.; In English; 3rd USA/Europe ATM R and D, Napoli, Italy Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 538-18-25; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The performance of Air Traffic Management and flight deck decision support tools depends in large part on the accuracy of the supporting 4D trajectory predictions. This is particularly relevant to conflict prediction and active advisories for the resolution of conflicts and the conformance with of traffic-flow management flow-rate constraints (e.g., arrival metering / required time of arrival). Flight test results have indicated that wind prediction errors may represent the largest source of trajectory prediction error. The tests also discovered relatively large errors (e.g., greater than 20 knots), existing in pockets of space and time critical to ATM DST performance (one or more sectors, greater than 20 minutes), are inadequately represented by the classic RMS aggregate prediction-accuracy studies of the past. To facilitate the identification and reduction of DST-critical wind-prediction errors, NASA has lead a collaborative research and development activity with MIT Lincoln Laboratories and the Forecast Systems Lab of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This activity, begun in 1996, has focussed on the development of key metrics for ATM DST performance, assessment of wind-prediction skill for state of the art systems, and development/validation of system enhancements to improve skill. A 13 month study was conducted for the Denver Center airspace in 1997. Two complementary wind-prediction systems were analyzed and compared to the forecast performance of the then standard 60 km Rapid Update Cycle - version 1 (RUC-1). One system, developed by NOAA, was the prototype 40-km RUC-2 that became operational at NCEP in 1999. RUC-2 introduced a faster cycle (1 hr vs. 3 hr) and improved mesoscale physics. The second system, Augmented Winds (AW), is a prototype en route wind application developed by MITLL based on the Integrated Terminal Wind System (ITWS). AW is run at a local facility (Center) level, and updates RUC predictions based on an optimal interpolation of the latest ACARS reports since the RUC run. This paper presents an overview of the study s results including the identification and use of new large mor wind-prediction accuracy metrics that are key to ATM DST performance. Air Traffıc Control; Decision Support Systems; Wind (Meteorology); Accuracy 20050010118 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems Sadek, A. W.; Amison-Agbolosu, S. J.; Nov. 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101800; NETCR-47; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Congestion along arterial systems in New England is often the result of adverse weather conditions, which typically change the normal traffic flow parameters and render the normal signal plans unsuitable. With recent advances in communications and signals hardware, there is a need to explore the feasibility and benefits of implementing signal-timing plans, specifically tailored for inclement weather conditions. The current study has two main objectives: (1) to assess the impact of inclement weather on traffic flow parameters at signalized intersections in northern New England; and (2) to evaluate the likely operational benefits of implementing weather-specific timing plans. To assess inclement weather impact, traffic flow under normal and inclement weather conditions at a signalized intersection were carefully observed over two winter seasons. The weather/road surface conditions were categorized into six different classes, and values for the saturation headways and startup lost times were collected for each weather condition. Statistical analyses reveal that inclement weather does have a 73

significant impact on the values of saturation headways, particularly once slushy conditions start developing or once snow start sticking to the ground. NTIS Communication Equipment; Conditions; Flow Characteristics; Rapid Transit Systems 20050010125 Commerce Dept., Washington, DC, USA U.S. Climate Change Research Initiative (CCRI): Survey of Research Strategies to Reduce Scientific Uncertainties Evans, D. L.; Aug. 2001; 44 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101765; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In his June 11 speech at the Rose Garden President Bush announced the establishment of the U.S. Climate Change Research Initiative to study areas of uncertainty and identify priority areas where investments can make a difference. The President directed the Secretary of Commerce to set priorities for additional investments in climate change research, review such investments and, to improve coordination among federal agencies. He also committed to providing resources to build climate observation systems and proposed a joint venture with the EU, Japan and others to develop state-of-the-art climate modeling that will improve our understanding of the causes and impacts of climate change. NTIS Climate Change; Climate Models; Surveys 20050010159 Princeton Univ., NJ, USA, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data Klein, S.; Norris, J.; 2004; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821596; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Cloud parameterizations in large-scale models often try to predict the amount of sub-grid scale variability in cloud properties to address the significant non-linear effects of radiation and precipitation. Statistical cloud schemes provide an attractive framework to self-consistently predict the variability in radiation and microphysics but require accurate predictions of the width and asymmetry of the distribution of cloud properties. Data from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program are used to assess the variability in boundary layer cloud properties for a well-mixed stratocumulus observed at the Oklahoma ARM site during the March 2000 Intensive Observing Period. Cloud boundaries, liquid water content, and liquid water path are retrieved from the millimeter wavelength cloud radar and the microwave radiometer. Balloon soundings, aircraft data, and satellite observations provide complementary views on the horizontal cloud inhomogeneity. It is shown that the width of the liquid water path probability distribution function is consistent with a model in which horizontal fluctuations in liquid water content are vertically coherent throughout the depth of the cloud. Variability in cloud base is overestimated by this model, however; perhaps because an additional assumption that the variance of total water is constant with altitude throughout the depth of the boundary layer is incorrect. NTIS Parameterization; Atmospheric Radiation; Boundary Layers; Microwave Radiometers; Satellite Observation 51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to plant and animal biology (non-human); ecology; microbiology; and also the origin, development, structure, and maintenance of animals and plants in space and related environmental conditions. For specific topics in life sciences see categories 52 through 55. 20050001312 Porto Univ., Portugal An Agent-Based Infrastructure For Facilitating Evidence-Based Health Care Sampson, Jennifer; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 81; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Evidence-based medicine relies heavily on the timely dissemination of best evidence to a wide audience of health practitioners. However, finding, assimilating and using this information resource effectively can be difficult. In this paper we describe an infrastructure for facilitating evidence-based health care using Agora - a multi-agent system. This paper discusses our extensions to AGORA, and also describes issues for disseminating such medical knowledge via an adaptive, intelligent, distributed, mobile information service. We describe how an agent based approach car deliver clinical cases and diagnosis 74

information to clinicians at point of care tailored to her/his needs. This research in progress is particularly important for the facilitating flow of information in health care. Diagnosis; Health 20050001323 Porto Univ., Portugal Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis Paoliello, Romero; JoseLageAlvarenga, Paulo; Zarate, Luis Enrique; Ribeiro, Thiago; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 69; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Nephrolithiasis is a disease that is unknown yet a clinical treatment that determines its cure. In the adult population is esteemed an incidence around 5 to 12%, being a little lesser in the pediatric band. The renal colic, caused by nephrolithiasis, is the main disease symptom in the adults and it is observed in 14% of the pediatric patients. The disease symptoms in the pediatric patient don t follow a pattern, and this difficult the disease diagnosis. The main objective of this work is discovery the patters of the disease symptoms and identifies the apt population to acquire it. With this objective, is applied KDD methodology determining discriminant rules for the patterns of the symptoms, and with this, select the groups of patients with those sets of symptoms. The results and the conclusions of the work are presented in the end of the article. Data Mining; Diagnosis; Diseases 20050009801 Children s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Mechanotransduction through Integrins Ingber, Donald; [2004]; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG2-1501; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The goal of this project was to characterize the molecular mechanism by which cells recognize and respond to physical forces in their local environment. The project was based on the working hypothesis that cells sense mechanical stresses through cell surface integrin receptors and through their interconnections with the underlying cytoskeleton. Work completed and published in past funding period had provided direct support for this hypothesis. In particular, we demonstrated that application of mechanical stresses to activated integrin receptors (but not inactive integrins or other control transmembrane receptors) resulted in stress-dependent activation of the CAMP signaling pathway leading to gene transcription. We also showed that this form of mechanotransduction requires activation of heterotrimeric G proteins. In this grant, our specific aims included: 1) to characterize the signal processing capabilities of different integrins and other cell surface receptors, 2) to identify heterotrimeric G proteins that mediate CAMP signaling by stresses applied to integrins, 3) to identify molecules that mediate transmembrane mechanochemical coupling between integrins and G proteins, and 4) to use genome-wide gene expression profiling techniques to identify other genes and signaling pathways that are activated by mechanical forces transmitted over specific cell surface receptors. Elucidation of the mechanism by which cells sense mechanical stresses through integrins and translate them into a biochemical response should help us to understand the molecular basis of the cellular response to gravity as well as many other forms of mechanosensation and tissue regulation. Gene Expression; Gravitation; Proteins; Signal Processing; Stress (Biology) 20050010036 Porto Univ., Portugal egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) Haki, Kazem; Mohammadian, Ayob; Farazmand, Emad; Safari, Hossein; Khoshsima, Gholamreza; Moslehi, Adel; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 138; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources egovernment has been defined as an Information and Communication Technology(ICT) enabled route to good governance. egovernment is an evolutionary path that its effective implementation requires a complete understanding of constituting elements and at the same time taking a holistic view to stay focused on its overall objectives. This paper introduces a new heuristic model that could be used to measure egovernment maturity called egovernment Maturity Model (egmm). egmm has five levels of maturity encompassing varying degree of initiatives, from the lowest to the highest. Stages include close, readiness, develop, manage, and seamless. In this model two aspects are considered: eservice maturity and plan maturity. Computer Programs; Heuristic Methods 75

20050010215 Bangert/Doktor, Inc., Honolulu, HI USA Human Factors in Telemedicine Doktor, Robert, ; Bangert, David, ; Jul. 2004; 690 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-2-0038 Report No.(s): AD-A427699; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A99, Hardcopy To bring together some of the best minds in the field of Human Factors as it relates to Telemedicine. The group explored how the utilization rates can be improved and documented the thinking in the form of a book that will be valuable to the military health care system and to scholars. Bangert/Doktor, Inc. managed a virtual learning community that interacted continually for two years using the Internet and attended two meetings sponsored by TATRC, devoted to the theme Human Factors in Telemedicine. At the first meeting the invitees committed to the production of a book. At the second meeting, they explored general topics and discuss their individual thought pieces. During the entire contract period, the invitees refined, discussed and prepared their articles. By electronic discourse, final drafts will be exchanged and discussed. Outside reviewers were used. Dominant themes identified. The editors finalized the articles, organized the edited edition, and prepared the necessary introductory and conductive passages. Human Factors Engineering; Medical Services; Telemedicine 20050010216 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Instant Cell Analysis, BioSPICE, Cellular Devices and Exquisite Detection: Towards an Interactive Biology Arkin, Adam P., ; Nov. 2004; 3 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-F-0458 Report No.(s): AD-A427703; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy The overall objective of this project was to rapidly find molecular reagents to interfere or bind to every gene product in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae through the development of new screening and data analytical technologies. Two experimental approaches were taken. Ron Davis developed the haploinsufficiency profiling (HIP) technology wherein two libraries of yeast were constructed one containing strains missing one copy the other strains missing both copies of every gene in yeast (that could be knock out). In place of its missing gene, each strain was engineered with a DNA bar code to identify it. Affymetrix chips were used to measure the relative populations of each strain under different chemical perturbations. Roger Brent worked on build protein aptamers to bind gene products. Arkin s role was in the development of analyses for the Haploinsufficiency data. Genes; Saccharomyces; Yeast 20050010217 Miami Univ., FL USA An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics Lokeshwar, Balakrishna L., ; Oct. 2002; 49 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-98-1-8526 Report No.(s): AD-A427704; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this second year (months 12-24) of the Phase II of the project, the molecular basis of chemoresistance in prostate tumor cells, acquired due to their interaction with stromal cells was explored. Both biochemical and molecular biological approaches using quantitative mrna expression analysis by cdna Microarray, Quantikine mrna ELISA, and stable transfection with anti-sense cdna were undertaken to analyze the role of three pro-inflammatory cytokines in the modulation of tumor cells response to chemotherapeutic drugs. These studies revealed that in addition to chemodrugs induced increase in the expression levels of three cytokines IL-8, IL-6 and IL-8, cyclooxygenase-ii (cox-2), the key enzyme in the classical inflammatory response, in also highly elevated. Inhibition of the expression of IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8, not only increased response chemotherapy drug-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis but also showed an interlinking relationship between the three cytokines. Inhibition of COX-2 by specific inhibitors such as Celecoxib or NS 398 also induced apoptosis mediated cytotoxicity in CaP cells. A combination of COX-2 inhibition and CMT-3 revealed synergistic increase in cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Furthermore, a combined treatment modality, using Celecoxib and CMT-3, in mice bearing human tumor xenografts produced an increased tumor growth delay, without any adverse effect on the host, suggesting increased efficacy. Cancer; Chemotherapy; Metastasis; Prevention; Prostate Gland; Tetracyclines 76

20050010218 Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA USA The Basal Cell Marker p63 and Prostate Stem Cells Signoretti, Sabina, ; May 2004; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0051 Report No.(s): AD-A427706; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The existence of prostate stem cell capable of giving rise to all the epithelial lineages present in the adult prostate is very controversial. Understanding the stages of cell differentiation in normal prostate epithelium is essential for the identification of the cell type(s) involved in prostate carcinogenesis. The p53-homologue p63 is selectively expressed in the basal cell compartment of a variety of epithelial tissues and p63 deficient mice show severe defects in the development of epithelial organs, including agenesis of the prostate. These findings suggest that p63 is required to maintain a prostate stem cell population. In order to test this hypothesis we will first study p63 expression in the various stages of prostate development in wild type mice by both immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (Specific Aim 1). We will also construct chimeric mice by injecting p63+1+ beta-galactosidase positive ES cells into p634- blastocysts (Specific Aim 2) and then analyze the relative contribution of p63+/+ and p63-/- cells to the prostatic epithelium. In the event in which both basal and secretory cells require p63 for development, the results will indicate that both compartments originate from a common p63-positive stem cell. Markers; Prostate Gland; Stem Cells 20050010220 Baylor Coll. of Medicine, Houston, TX USA Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer O Connell, Peter, ; Dec. 2002; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0478 Report No.(s): AD-A427708; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Some breast cancers spread (metastasize) to distant sites, putting the patient at high risk of death from this disorder. Clinicians now use tumor size, tumor appearance, and especially the presence of metastasis (cancer spread to local lymph nodes, or node-positive breast cancer ) to estimate the risk of early breast cancer death. These measures are imperfect, since 30% of the patients who should have a good outcome (no cancer spread to local lymph nodes, or node-negative breast cancer ), eventually recur and die of breast cancer. Because breast cancer metastasis is so hard to predict, and so deadly, moat low-risk node-negative breast cancer patients receive the same drug therapies routinely given to high-risk node-positive patients. This means that the majority of the low- risk node-negative breast cancer patients receive aggressive treatment they do not need. Our objective is to identify biomarkers that better define the metastatic potential of a node-negative breast cancer. We hypothesize that patterns of gene expression exist that distinguish primary breast cancers at low versus high risk of metastatic spread, and that these patterns can be ascertained using cdna expression array technology, comparing frozen primary breast cancers of known good versus bad outcome. Multivariate analyses between these genes and with existing prognostic factors will determine the value of this approach in selecting optimal treatment strategies for women with node-negative breast cancer. With this information, clinicians could identify node-negative patients who require additional drug therapy for their disease, and could avoid over-treating those patients with vary low risk of metastatic disease Breast; Cancer; Gene Expression; Genes; Lymphatic System; Mammary Glands 20050010221 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA USA Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region Rastinejad, Fraydoon, ; Apr. 2003; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0048 Report No.(s): AD-A427711; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The androgen receptor (AR) regulates the growth and differentiation of prostate cells and is an important drug target for prostate cancer chemotherapy. The research goals associated with this study are to characterize the structural and functional aspects of the AR in order to uncover the potential of its domains, and in particular the DNA-binding domain, as a drug target. In this final report, I discuss the results obtained over the past three years towards characterization of the AR. Among our findings are a) the DNA-binding domain of the androgen receptor and related nuclear receptors act as their nuclear export signals, b) their export is dependent on their binding to the protein calreticulin in the presence of calcium, c) by analogy with our recent crystal structure of EcR-Usp on DNA, a pair of DNA-binding domains are arranged symmetrically as a homodimer with respect to each other and directly on the half-sites of their target DNA, d) the ligand binding domain is analogous to the 77

FXR ligand-binding domain and shares highly related surfaces responsible for DHT binding and coactivator binding. Cancer; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Hormones; Males; Prostate Gland 20050010227 Walter Reed Army Inst. of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA Accession Medical Standards Analysis and Research Activity (AMSARA): 2003 Annual Report Jan. 2003; 103 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427738; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy The Accession Medical Standards Analysis and Research Activity (AMSARA) completed the three-year cyclic review of the DODI 6130.4 in support of the Accession Medical Standards Working Group during 2003. Two significant changes in DODI 6130.4 (to be published in 2004) are a direct result of AMSARA s research and analysis over the past seven years. Evidence gathered through multiple IRB-approved protocols supports initial qualification of an applicant revealing a history of asthma that has been asymptomatic since age 13. Likewise, evidence gathered through epidemiologic analyses supports initial qualification of an applicant revealing a history of ADHD) who has been able to graduate high school or keep a job while off medication for at least a year. It is anticipated that these changes will allow 2,000 to 3,000 additional applicants per year to be initially qualified for military service, greatly reducing the workload and expense of processing applicants. An AMSARA study of discharges due to asthma at Fort Jackson and Fort Knox confirmed that most asthmatics know of their condition and conceal it at the Military Entrance Processing Station (MEPS) examination. Given the scope of the asthma concealment at the MEPS, over the past three years AMSARA has been seeking a simple and inexpensive screening test for asthma. This year, a field test of NIOX (a device to measure exhaled nitric oxide as an indicator of asthma) was completed. This study (funded by the US army Accessions Command) identified that current screening at MEPS misses 85% of applicants with any history of asthma. The study observation that \g8% of applicants have markedly high nitric oxide levels requires further research. Asthma; Medical Science; Personnel 20050010230 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation Stearns, Carrie, ; Apr. 2004; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0064 Report No.(s): AD-A427754; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB-1) and members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in several mitogenic signaling pathways. Regulated growth factor-mediated signaling relies upon a balance between receptor activation, endocytosis, and degradation. As a result, overexpression or mutations altering receptor kinase activity disrupts this delicate balance, and is often sufficient to cause malignant transformation of the cell. We are particularly interested in the emerging role of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, ACK2, and its substrate, SH3PX1, in regulating the degradation of ErbB-2 family members. Establishing a role for ACK2 and SH3PX1 in ErbB-2 receptor degradation is especially appealing based on the predictive property between receptor overexpression and breast cancer. Currently, we are interested in further characterizing the ACK2-SH3PX1 interaction and determining the significance of ACK2-dependent phosphorylation of SH3PX1 in cells. To address these objectives, we have carried out deletion analysis studies to delineate the region of the phosphorylation site(s) on SH3PX1. In our studies, we have demonstrated that the phosphorylation signal of SH3PX1 is lost in the C-terminal truncation mutant DeltaC393. In parallel site-directed mutagenesis studies, we conclude that all conserved point-mutants of SH3PX1 retain a phosphorylation signal comparable to wild-type. At this point, we believe that Mass Spectrometry may provide a more sensitive means to identify the ACK2 phsophorylation site on SH3PX1. Currently, efforts to generate recombinant forms of ACK2 and SH3PX1 are underway to aid in phosphopeptide mapping experiments, as well as screens for ACK2 inhibitors. The ability to regulate this phosphorylation event, perhaps through the identification of a dominant-negative form of SH3PX1, or specific inhibitors of ACK2, will help determine the importance of ACK2 activity in receptor endocytosis and degradation. Breast; Cancer; Degradation; Enzymes; Mammary Glands; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Proteins; Tyrosine 78

20050010231 New York Univ., New York, NY USA Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy Formenti, Silvia C., ; Jul. 2004; 71 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0345 Report No.(s): AD-A427755; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy This trial tests a regimen of prone conformal hypo-fractionated radiotherapy directed to the original tumor bed with margins in a selected subset of post-menopausal women with breast cancer with a very low risk for local recurrence elsewhere in the breast. After planning CT is conducted in the prone position, the breast tissue and tumor bed are contoured on a 3D planning system and a2cmmarginadded to determine the planning treatment volume (PTV). A plan is generated to treat the PTV with six Gy per fraction are delivered to the 95% isodose surface in 5 fractions over ten days weeks to a total dose of 30 Gy. Fifty-three of the 99 patients planned to accrue to the study have completed treatment and the results have been reported at the ASTRO 2003 meeting and 2004 American Radium Society meeting. All patients tolerated treatment very well. DVH varied based on the position of the original tumor bed and the size of the breast. In most cases it was possible to successfully plan and treat a quadrant of the breast without exceeding 50% of the dose to 50% of the breast volume. Longer follow up is necessary to assess efficacy and cosmetic results. Conservation; Fractionation; Radiation Therapy; Therapy; Tumors 20050010232 Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk Ozcelik, Hilmi, ; Knight, Julia A., ; Jul. 2004; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0353 Report No.(s): AD-A427756; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Several studies have suggested an association between low penetrant alleles and breast cancer risk. Although the contribution of low penetrant alleles to the individual risk is relatively small, they can contribute to a large proportion of breast cancer cases in the population. In this study we took the candidate gene approach to study the association of 19 different genetic polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in a population-based sample using a high-throughput genotyping technology. To date, we have completed genotyping 398 cases and 372 population controls for 19 SNPs from several cancer-related molecular pathways. Univariate analysis has shown that XPD cod751 polymorphism is significantly associated with breast cancer risk. None of the remaining 18 SNPs were associated with breast cancer risk individually. Sub-group analysis of the cases has shown that SNPs of ER, XPD, COMT and p27 genes were significantly associated with breast cancer risk in cases with at least a first-degree relative of breast cancer. Cyp17 and MTHFR SNPs were associated with pre-menopausal status, whereas GADD45 and COMT were associated with post-menopausal status. Multivariate analysis of the sample (Logistic Regression Models and Bootstrap analysis) has shown interesting findings regarding the biological interaction between the alleles of cancer-related proteins. The stronger interaction was observed between XPD (DNA repair) and IL-10 (Immune system) SNPs (68%), whereas COMT (Estrogen metabolism) and CyclinD1 interaction shown to be 61% with the bootstrap analysis. The approach used in this study has discovered novel biological interactions between different cancer pathways in the context of breast cancer predisposition. Future studies focusing on systematic selection of functional SNPs and the investigation of their interaction in a larger and homogeneous subset of samples will provide basis for the polygenic model of breast cancer. Breast; Cancer; Genetics; Mammary Glands; Polymorphism; Risk 20050010234 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Viglianti, Benjamin, ; Dewhirst, Mark W., ; Jul. 2004; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0348 Report No.(s): AD-A427760; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The long-term objective of this study is to develop methods to predict the concentration-distribution of liposomally encapsulated doxorubicin in locally advanced breast cancer. Chemotherapy is frequently ineffective in shrinking these tumors to the point that they can be removed due to heterogeneity in drug delivery. One method to improve the uniformity of drug delivery is use local hyperthermia with thermally sensitive liposome, which releases their contents rapidly under local hyperthermia. In pre-clinical studies, this formulation was superior to non-thermally sensitive liposomes with HT. The 79

difference was directly proportional to the tissue drug concentration. We have developed a novel MR imageable liposome formulation. This liposome contains the chemotherapeutic drug, but also the MR contrast agent manganese. We have developed and validated a MR compatible heating device and obtained temperature distributions. We have shown the uptake of the liposomes and their content release under hyperthermic conditions using MRS in a rodent model. The calculated concentration within the tumor using MRS has been validated with direct tissue measurements by histology sections using fluorescence microscopy. These measurements demonstrate that MRI can be used to non-invasively measure the concentration distribution of chemotherapy drugs delivered with these liposomes. This ability to monitor liposomal/drug delivery and/or content release in real time could allow for development of treatment strategies to improve intratumoral homogeneity of drug concentration presumably increasing treatment efficacy. Breast; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Drugs; Finite Element Method; Hyperthermia; Lipids; Mammary Glands; Mathematical Models 20050010239 Illinois Univ., Chicago, IL USA Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells Hussain, Erum A., ; Mehta, Rajendra G., ; May 2004; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0272 Report No.(s): AD-A427777; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy It is now well established that the active metabolite of vitamin D3, 1alpha, 25 (OH)2D3, regulates cell growth and differentiation in various in vitro models. However, its clinical use is precluded due to its hypercalcemic activity in vivo. Hence, several less calcemic vitamin D3 analogs have been synthesized and evaluated for their chemopreventive and therapeutic efficacy in experimental carcinogenesis models. We have previously reported an analog of vitamin D3, 1-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) to be antiproliferative and inducer of differentiation in carcinogen-transformed mouse mammary gland organ culture (MMOC) and breast cancer cells in vitro with little or no calcemic activity in vivo. Moreover, D5 showed a selective growth inhibitory action on transformed MCF-12F cells while no growth inhibitory effect was observed on normal MCR-12F cells. Similarly, OS induced growth arrest and/or differentiation in hormone responsive breast cancer BT-474 and MCF-7 cells. D5 induced its growth inhibitory effect by modulating expression of various cell cycle related proteins. Among the major cell cycle check points that were up regulated by D5, were CDKIs p21 and p27 in BT-474 cells. In the MCF 12F(exp MNU) cell model, D5 reduced expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, over expression of which is associated with hormone resistance. There was no effect of DS on EGFR expression in the breast cancer BT-474 and MCF-7 cells. Thus, the effect of D5 appears to be cell model specific. On the other hand, in the BT-474 cell model, D5 down regulated the transcription and expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha). Down regulation of ERalpha was followed by decreased expression of progesterone receptor and the trefoil factor ps2 suggesting anti-estrogenic action of D5. Breast; Calciferol; Cancer; Ethyl Compounds; Mammary Glands; Vitamins 20050010254 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma McCarthy, James B., ; Jan. 2004; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0102 Report No.(s): AD-A427815; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer in the last several years, metastasis represents the major cause of frustration and failure in the successful treatment of prostate cancer patients. Hyaluronan (HA) is polymeric anionic carbohydrate that is elevated within primary prostate tumors, most notably within the tumor-associated stroma. Our studies have demonstrated that increased HA synthesis by human prostate carcinoma cells correlates with metastatic potential. This increased synthesis results from the elevated expression of specific hyaluronan synthases (HAS) in the tumor cells. Metastatic prostate carcinoma cells exhibiting high levels of HAS assemble and retain a pericellular HA matrix on their cell surfaces. These cells also exhibit selective adhesion to bone marrow endothelial cell lines in vitro, suggesting that carcinoma associated HA may enhance entry of prostate tumor cells in to the bone marrow microenvironment by engaging specific receptors on the surface of these endothelial cells. Furthermore, elevated HA synthesis enhances tumor growth and vascularization in vivo following subcutaneous injection. We have used vectors to stably express constructs encoding anti sense for HAS enzymes to study the importance of elevated hyaluronan synthesis in prostate carcinoma adhesion, growth and tumor formation. The 80

studies outlined in this annual report document our observations that support an important role for hyaluronan in prostate tumor progression and metastasis. Biosynthesis; Cancer; Metastasis; Prostate Gland 20050010255 Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH USA Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells Criswell, Tracy L., ; Boothman, David A., ; Jul. 2004; 101 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0194 Report No.(s): AD-A427816; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy Clusterin is a protein that has been implicated in many normal physiological processes (tissue remodeling, sperm maturation) as well as many pathological processes (Alzheimer disease, atherosclerosis, cancer). Our laboratory became interested in clusterin when we identified it as an x-ray induced protein/transcript in human melanoma cells. The secretory form of clusterin (sclu) has been shown to have cytoprotective effects after cellular stress and injury. Recently, Redondo et. a! demonstrated that sclu was over-expressed in breast cancer. sclu over expression may provide a selective advantage in malignant cells. The most effective therapies for breast cancer after surgery include chemo- and radiation therapies. These therapies often fail as the tumor develops drug and radiation resistance. Our lab has shown that sclu is induced by physiological doses of taxol, taxotere and radiation. Additionally, we have shown that sclu is transcriptionally repressed by the tumor suppressor protein, p53, which is found mutated in approximately 20% of mammary tumors. Understanding the cellular and molecular responses of malignant and normal cells to these chemo- and radiation therapy would allow us to increase the efficacy of these treatments. Insight into the regulation of sclu will allow us to better understand some of these processes. Breast; Cancer; Genome; Lethality; Mammary Glands; Proteins; Radiation Tolerance 20050010256 Texas Univ., Houston, TX USA Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs Gopal, Y. V., ; Jun. 2004; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0305 Report No.(s): AD-A427817; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy I had previously reported the identification of a hairpin polyamide that binds sequence specifically to the core promoter of the Her-2 oncogene and interferes with TBP binding. I had also constructed KRAB-fused transcriptional repressor proteins, which binds to the AP-2 binding site of the Her-2 promoter. I now report my findings on the transcriptional repression and proliferation inhibition carried out by the recombinant repressor proteins. The data presented in this report suggests that these recombinant repressors inhibit the expression of proteins involved in cancer cell survival and proliferation. The overall effect of these proteins results in apoptosis of Her- 2 over-expressing cells. In conclusion, these recombinant proteins have the potential to be used as gene therapeutics for breast cancers that show Her-2 over-expression. Breast; Cancer; Drugs; Gene Expression; Genes; Mammary Glands 20050010257 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy Buchsbaum, Donald J., ; Jun. 2004; 38 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0264 Report No.(s): AD-A427818; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The overall goal of this proposal is to determine the therapeutic potential of apoptosis-inducing anti-human DR5 and DR4 antibodies, alone or together, in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs with activity against breast cancer, for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Aim 1 was to determine the expression profile in human breast cancer cell lines of DR5 and DR4 before and after treatment with anti-dr5 and -DR4 MAb alone, together, and in combination with chemotherapy drugs. Aim 2 was to determine the expression profile of DR5 and DR4 during the progression of breast cancer. Aim 3 was to determine the cytotoxicity of anti-dr5 and -DR4 antibodies against human breast cancer cells alone, together, and in combination with adriamycin or paclitaxel. Aim 4 was to determine the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of anti-dr5 and -DR4 antibodies against 81

human breast cancer xenografts alone, together, and combined with adriamycin or paclitaxel. During the current project period, we investigated MTRA-8 anti-dr5 antibody cytotoxicity alone and in combination with several chemotherapy and biomodulating drugs and identified which combinations resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity. These combination treatments were then tested in nude mice with subcutaneous breast cancer xenografts. We also showed that bioluminescence imaging can be used to evaluate tumor response in mammary fat pad and disseminated breast cancer models. Mechanistic studies of combination treatment were carried out both in vitro and in vivo. Expression of DR5 was determined by immunohistochemistry to be present in human biopsy specimens of breast cancer and in adjacent normal breast epithelium. Antibodies; Breast; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Mammary Glands 20050010258 Northern California Inst. for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA USA Characterization of SIRPs in Prostate Cancer Cells Seaman, William E., ; Mar. 2004; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0095 Report No.(s): AD-A427819; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Signal regulatory proteins (SIRPs include SIRP(3l, which activates cells, and SIRP alpha 1, which inhibits the cellular response to several growth factors, and which regulates cell adhesion and spreading. We demonstrated by PCR that 3 of 3 prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP) express transcripts for SIRPs. Under this contract, we generated a monoclonal antibody that recognizes both SIRP beta and SIRP alpha 1, thereby confirming the expression of SIRPs on PC-3 cells and, to a lesser extent on DU-145 cells. The receptor could not be detected on LNCaP cells. We have since shown by PCR, Western blotting, and by surface staining that PC-3 and DU-145 cells express SIRP alpha 1 but not SIRP beta. We found that they also express the tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-2, and that SHP-2 binds to SIRP alpha 1 when it is phosphorylated, demonstrating that this pathway for the function of SIRP alpha 1 is intact. We have created constructs of epitope-tagged SIRP alpha 1, either intact or with mutations that would alter SHP-2 binding, in order to study its function in PC-3 cells. We have also worked in particular on the characterization of the SIRP alpha 1 protein in prostate cancer cells. Is there more than one form, due either to alternate splicing or to post-translational modification? These studies have proved challenging, but we expect to complete them, along with all of the objectives of the contract, over the coming year (no-cost extension). Cancer; Prostate Gland 20050010260 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA Exploiting the Innate Antitumor Activity of Human Gamma-Delta T-Cells for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Lopez, Richard D., ; Apr. 2004; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0265 Report No.(s): AD-A427821; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy We initially identified and characterized a CD2-mediated, interleukin (IL)-12-dependent signaling pathway which inhibits apoptosis in mitogen-stimulated human gamma delta-t cells. We have since exploited this pathway to develop the methodologies allowing the large-scale ex vivo expansion of viable apoptosis-resistant gamma delta-t cells. We have shown that apoptosis-resistant human gamma delta-t cells retain significant innate, major histocompatibility complex (MMC)- unrestricted cytotoxicity against human prostate cancer cell lines. Purpose and scope: The aims of this project are, 1) to more precisely characterize the extent and breadth of the antitumor cytotoxicity mediated by apoptosis-resistant human gamma delta-t cells against human prostate cancer cells; 2) to define the general mechanisms involved in the recognition and lysis of sensitive prostate cancer cells by apoptosis-resistant 7&T cells; and 3) to determine the extent to which apoptosis-resistant gamma delta-t cells can regulate the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells in vivo. Key fin dings to date: 1) gamma delta-t cells derived from a variety of donors consistently displayed lytic activity against prostate cancer cell lines DU-145 and PC-3, but not LNCaP. 2) Monoclonal antibodies (mab) against either the V gamma 9 or V delta TCR chains as well as mab against intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) or CD18 (beta subunit of the beta 2 integrins) blocked gamma delta-t cell-mediated killing of prostate cancer cells; 3) gamma delta-t cells lyse prostate cancer cell lines largely through the perform/granzyme pathway. 4) Using the TRAMP transgenic mouse model of prostate cancer, we have shown that the absence of gamma delta-t cells is indeed permissive for the development of tumors. Cancer; Prostate Gland 82

20050010264 Iowa Univ., Iowa City, IA USA Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells Neighbors, Jeffrey D., ; Wiemer, David, ; May 2004; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0423 Report No.(s): AD-A427826; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The schweinfurthins are a small set of diprenylated stilbenes isolated from an African plant. Schweinfurthins A, B, display significant and unique activity in the NCI s 60 cell line panel, and the breast cancer lines MCF7 and HS 578T were among the most sensitive. To study the mechanism of action and provide a reliable source, a chemical synthesis has been initiated. A cationic cyclization approach allowed the synthesis of 3-deoxyschweinfurthin B which is more slightly cytotoxic than the natural products. This has led to the synthesis of several analogs for the elucidation of the essential pharmacophore of the schweinfurthin family. Our efforts to achieve an enantioselctive synthesis of the 3-deoxyschweinfurthin B core tricycle will be presented as well. Breast; Cancer; Drugs; Mammary Glands; Toxicity 20050010265 University of Southern Illinois, Edwardsville, IL USA A Concept Analysis of Competency in Nursing Potter, Tammi L., ; Nov. 2004; 55 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427827; CI04-898; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy A small hospital operates with an eight-bed multi-service intensive care unit (ICU) staffed with an entirely baccalaureate-prepared registered nurse (RN) staff. The average daily census most months is 1.5 patients. On a rare occasion the census swells to six patients, but on many days there are no patients at all. Even when patients are present they are frequently not critically ill, but are merely there for closer observation. The ICU nurses float to the nearby ward or perform computer-based training exercises during the slow periods, which are frequent. The nurse manager and staff development officer (SDO) are concerned about the impact of a dwindling patient population on the competency of the nurses to perform certain low-volume, high-risk procedures, such as invasive hemodynamic monitoring via the Swan-Oanz pulmonary artery (PA) catheter. The last patient requiring a PA catheter was over 6 months ago. Hospital administrators are reluctant to reduce such services, fearing loss of revenue and loss of status. The nurse manager and SDO consider options; they employ mannequin simulators, self-learning packages, and computer-based simulations. They even enter an agreement with a local Veterans Administration (VA) hospital to utilize their nurses in the VA ICUs, where the patients are more critically ill. This agreement generates problems of its own; the shifts of the nurses working at the VA must be covered, and the VA itself goes through a period where invasive monitoring is rarely used. It is common for a nurse to perform a 2-week tour at the VA and not observe a Swan-Oanz catheter at all. In addition, the VA nurses are anxious to maintain their own competency and are reluctant to give up complex patients to a visitor. Medical Personnel; Personnel Development 20050010266 Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA USA Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor Allinen, Minna, ; Polyak, Kornelia, ; Aug. 2004; 38 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0221 Report No.(s): AD-A427828; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Using SAGE(Serial Analysis of Gene Expression) we identified a SAGE tag that was only present in invasive breast carcinomas and their lymph node metastases. The transcript corresponding to this SAGE tag, IBC-1 (Invasive Breast Cancer-1)/dermcidin (DCD) encodes a secreted protein normally expressed only in the pons of the brain and sweat glands. Array CGH, FISH, and immunohistochemical analyses determined that IBC-1/DCD is overexpressed in approximately 10% of invasive breast carcinomas, in some cases its overexpression is coupled with a focal copy number gain of its locus at 12q13.1, and its expression is associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis. Expression of IBC-1/DCD in breast cancer cells promotes cell growth and survival, and reduces serum dependency. Putative high and low affinity receptors for IBC-1/DCD are present on the cell surface of breast carcinomas and neurons of the brain. Based on this data we hypothesize that IBC-1/DCD may play a role in tumorigenesis via enhancing cell growth and survival in a subset of breast carcinomas. Breast; Cancer; Genes; Mammary Glands; Survival; Tumors 83

20050010270 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Increasing Sustained Participation in Free Mass Cancer Screening Clinics Price, Marva M., ; May 2004; 61 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0235 Report No.(s): AD-A427834; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Work in Year 2 surveying nonstainers to determine major factors related to their not returning for screening. In addition, information sessions on prostate cancer were conducted at area African American churches. The purpose of these analysis were done to estimate the proportion of regular use of free screening services for prostate cancer and to identify factors associated with utilization that can help characterize likely non-participants for improved participation. The overall number of African American men who presented for free screening increased by 13 participants from 246 in 2002 to 259 in 2003. Analysis at this point in the study suggests that despite the similar findings among African American and White men for sustained participation, men with less formal education (did not graduate from high school) are less likely to sustain screening. When sustainer and nonsustainers data are compared, what seemed more significant is the relationship of race to frequency of screening as one aged. We found that while sustained screening increased with increasing age among White men, in African American men the reverse was true. African American men tended to present for screening more often in the younger ages (40 s and 50 s). As they aged, their participation decreased. Cancer; Clinical Medicine; Medical Services; Prostate Gland 20050010271 Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY USA Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress Bovbjerg, Dana H., ; Oct. 2003; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-98-1-8333 Report No.(s): AD-A427835; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy The purpose of the research supported by this IDEA grant award, is to provide the first critical test of the possibility that variability in the strength of immune surveillance mechanisms against caner (operationally defined by assessment of natural killer cell activity) may be a factor in determining the penetrance of mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes. Two possible explanations for variability in NK cell activity are being investigated: 1) stress-induced immune suppression, and 2) inherited deficits in immune surveillance. This year, we have collected data on an additional 91 women for a total of 184 participants to date. We have requested a no-cost extension of the award anticipating that, on our improved referral rate to the study, we will be able to complete the proposed research during this period. Breast; Cancer; Genes; Mammary Glands; Mutations; Oncogenes; Surveillance 20050010272 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice Cleary, Margot P., ; May 2004; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0258 Report No.(s): AD-A427836; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Prospective epidemiological studies indicate that as body weight and/or energy intake increase so does the risk for prostate cancer. In rodent studies chronic calorie restriction in associated with extended life expectancy and decreased incidence of malignancies. A protective effect of energy restriction on development of spontaneous prostate tumors in Lobund-Wistar rats and tumors developing from transplanted prostate tumor tissue cells in mice and rats have been published, but a mechanism of action has not been identified. Recent introduction of the TRAMP (transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate) mouse provides a model that shares characteristics with human prostate cancer. Here, TRAMP mice are being used to evaluate their response to chronic and intermittent calorie restriction. The insulin like growth factor (IGF) axis is being investigated to determine if it is involved in this protective process. Presently, we are following ad libitum-fed, intermittent-restricted and chronic restricted TRAMP mice in a longitudinal study to determine prostate cancer incidence, latency and metastasis rate. A 25% reduction in caloric intake is being utilized. Mice also are being enrolled in a cross-sectional protocol. Results will determine if the manner of caloric restriction modulates its protective action and possibly identify a metabolic pathway to target for prevention and/treatment strategies. Cancer; Diets; Mice; Prostate Gland; Tumors 84

20050010273 Texas Univ. Health Science Center, Houston, TX USA Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer Warrick, Cynthia, ; Apr. 2004; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0082 Report No.(s): AD-A427837; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The research study, Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer is a prostate cancer education for prevention project. The principle investigator is Cynthia Warrick, formerly at Howard University; she is now an Assistant Professor, Management & Policy Sciences, at the University of Texas Houston School of Public Health. This study proposes to define how pharmacists can play an integral role in the early detection and prevention of prostate cancer. The specific aims of this research study are: 1. To identify community pharmacists who are willing to serve as health educators and risk communicators on prostate cancer; 2. To design a program to educate and train pharmacists in risk communication and prostate cancer; and 3. To design a format whereby pharmacists are able to perform health education on prostate cancer in the community pharmacy setting. This study will be conducted in three phases: Phase I is the development, administration, and evaluation of a survey instrument that will assess pharmacists willingness to counsel on prostate cancer, their present knowledge about prostate cancer, their interests in education programs on prostate cancer, and the feasibility of conducting public education in the community pharmacy setting. Phase II is the design, pilot testing, and evaluation of a prostate cancer education and communication program that will be used to educate pharmacists on prostate cancer and how this information should be communicated to the public through a lecture that will provide 1 hour of continuing education credit. It will be developed for viewing on a computer through a CD-ROM. Phase III is the design, testing, and evaluation of the prostate cancer educational implementation program. It involves the design of an educational interactive kiosk that will be located in a community pharmacy. Cancer; Education; Health; Prevention; Prostate Gland; Public Health; Risk 20050010274 State Univ. of New York, Albany, NY USA Estrogen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study Muti, Paola C., ; May 2004; 52 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0315 Report No.(s): AD-A427839; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy There is experimental evidence showing that a sedentary life-style and high fat diet induce estrogen metabolism toward 1 6 alpha hydroxylation leading to biologically potent metabolites (estriol and 16 alpha hydroxyestrone). An active life-style and a low fat diet induce the alternative 2-hydroxylation with production of weak estrogen metabolites (2-hydroxyestrone). Potent estrogens may increase prostate cell division and increase prostate cancer risk. The research hypothesis is that the preferential induction of the 16 alpha hydroxylation pathway in respect to the 2-hydroxylation, is associated with an increase risk of prostate cancer. We conduct a nested case-control study within the cohort of Western New York Health Study (WNYHS) to test this hypothesis. From 1994 to 2000, 2,158 men, randomly selected from the general population of Erie and Niagara Counties, participated in the WNYHS. At recruitment, information on lifestyle factors and anthropometric characteristics were collected together with a sample of blood and urine. After an average follow-up period of four years, we expect to observe 151 incident prostate cancer cases arising from the cohort. A total number of 604 control subjects (four for each prostate cancer case) will be identified and matched for age, race and recruitment period with the related prostate cancer cases. Cancer; Estrogens; Metabolism; Prostate Gland 20050010278 Retina Foundation, Boston, MA USA EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors Loureiro, Robyn M., ; D Amore, Patricia A., ; Jul. 2004; 45 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0387 Report No.(s): AD-A427846; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Progression of breast tumors is dependent on blood vessel infiltration to supply nutrients and remove wastes. Expression of the angiogenic molecule vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a critical component of normal and pathological tissue vascularization. ErbB2, an epidermal growth factor receptor family member whose overexpression in mammary tumors is correlated with poor patient prognosis, has been previously implicated as a positive modulator of VEGF expression. I utilized a normal mouse mammary cell line (HC11) transfected with ErbB2 expression vectors to study the effects of ErbB2 85

overexpression on VEGF regulation. I have identified the promoter regions through which ErbB2 overexpression regulates VEGF expression by completing a structure-function analysis of the VEGF promoter in cultured mammary cells that overexpress ErbB2. ErbB2-mediated upregulation of VEGF involves at least two distinct promoter elements. One previously identified as the hypoxia responsive element and the other being the basal promoter region of the VEGF gene consisting of two adjacent SP1 transcription factor binding sites. Endothelium; Genes; Mammary Glands; Tumors 20050010284 Air Force Academy, CO USA Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light Obringer, John W., ; Johnson, Martin D., ; Apr. 2004; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F05611-02-P-0471 Report No.(s): AD-A427860; USAFA-TR-2004-01; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The use of laser light for military and commercial applications has sharply increased the likelihood of personnel exposure to laser light during operations. The increased potential for human exposure highlights the fact that there is paucity of basic science at the cell and molecular level concerning the effects of laser exposure of human cells. We assessed the sublethal insult to human retinal pigment epithelial cells using a cadaver organ donor explant system for genes differentially expressed 12 hours post-exposure using gene expression microarray technology (gene chip). The 64 pulses of 532 nm light, 107 mj per square centimeter appeared to induce the cells into cessation of cell cycling. Notably several key genes involved in protein degradation, the inflammatory response, translation initiation, DNA metabolism (repair/replication) and a remarkable percentage of genes involved in ribosomal/translational machinery reconstruction were significantly up-regulationed (37% of the first 100 genes) and also indicate that the ribosome may be the primary chromophore for damage in this exposure regime. Genes up-regulated an order of magnitude are involved in prevention of oxidative damage (thioredoxin, 15 fold; glutathione metabolism, 8 fold) Up-regulated genes involved in the elimination of denatured proteins provided strong evidence for oxygen-related damage (hypoxia and/or ROS.) Exposure; Gene Expression; Genes; Laser Outputs; Light Beams; Pigments; Pulsed Lasers; Retina 20050010293 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA Structural Inheritance in Yeast Kennedy, Brian K., ; Lockshon, Daniel, ; Jul. 2004; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0497 Report No.(s): AD-A427876; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The purpose of this project is to identify and characterize examples of structural inheritance in yeast that are not prions. We described the first such phenomenon, Leu (exp p), and have made progress in this first year of funding in getting a nuclear genetic handle on its mechanistic basis by identifying strains that do not exhibit Leu(exp p). Our most significant advance in this initial year has been the development of the peroxisome as a system to study structural inheritance. We have screened the yeast deletion collection to identify the entire set of genes required for maintenance of the peroxisome. These strains are then to be intercrossed to attempt to identify unlinked non-complementation of deletion alleles. If cytoduction reconstitutes a peroxisome in such doubly heterozygous deletion diploids, structural templating will have been demonstrated. If unlinked non-complementation is not observed for the peroxisome mutants, other structures of yeast will be examined for structural inheritance. The proposal presented initial experiments suggesting that the vacuole exhibits structural inheritance, but further work has not borne this out. In the course of that vacuole work, however, an interesting mating phenomenon was discovered which, although it doesn t bear on the issue of structural inheritance, will result in a publication. Genetics; Mitochondria; Yeast 20050010294 Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI USA Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth Honn, Kenneth V., ; Mar. 2004; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0102 Report No.(s): AD-A427877; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy 86

During the progression of human PCa, hemidesmosomes are lost. Hemidesmosomes are adhesion structures that anchor epithelial cells to basement membrane and function as a tumor suppressor. We found that 12-lipoxygenase directly interacts with beta4 integrin. We hypothesize that an increase in 12-LOX activity can cause the disassembly of hemidesmosomes, mobilization of alpha6beta4 integrin from hemidesmosomes to other parts of the cell membrane, and stimulate tumor invasive growth. We proposed to conduct a correlation study using clinical tumor specimens. We will study whether 12(S)-HETE can disrupt hemidesmosomes and whether 12-LOX inhibitors promote the formation of hemidesmosomes. Then we will study the underlying signaling pathway, especially PKCalpha, initiated by 12(S)-HETE, in the disassembly of hemidesmosomes. Next we will overexpress beta4 integrin and study the role of the interaction between 12-LOX and beta4 integrin in the adhesion, proliferation, migration, and survival, in response to HGF/SF. Finally we will xenograft these transfected cells into mice, to evaluate whether any phenotypic changes of tumor cells in vitro can be recapitulated in vivo. The work will significantly advance our understanding about the complex process of prostate cancer progression as well as the possible role played by dietary fat in the progression of prostate cancer. Cancer; Epithelium; In Vitro Methods and Tests; In Vivo Methods and Tests; Prostate Gland; Tumors 20050010295 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein Wemmer, David E., ; Jul. 2004; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0476 Report No.(s): AD-A427878; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Expression constructs have been prepared in order to generate the 89-143 fragment of the prion protein with isotopic labels using either in vitro translation or expression in E.coli cells. Initial testing of expression has been done. Conditions have been investigated for rapidly dissolving fibrils of PrP(89-143) and proteolytically fragmenting them for mass spectroscopic analysis to probe the extent of hydrogen exchange of backbone amides with deuterated water solvent. Conditions for complementary NMR analysis using organic solvent to dissolve the fibrils have also been investigated in a related model system, TTR. Solid state NMR measurements have been done with synthesized PrP(89-143) peptides incorporating specific 13C labels. These measurements probe the conformation around glycine residues in addition to several other backbone sites in the segment from residue 112 to 123. These measurements indicate that residues in this section of PrP(89-143) are primarily extended beta structure in fibrils, though G113 may be less ordered or part of a turn. Diseases; Escherichia; Hydrogen; In Vitro Methods and Tests; Peptides; Proteins; Solvents 20050010296 Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL USA Role of IKKs and Transcription Factor NF-kB in Prostate Tumorigenesis Budunova, Irina, ; May 2004; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0015 Report No.(s): AD-A427879; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The overall goal of this project is to understand the role of up-stream IkB kinases and NF-xB survival signaling pathway in tumorigenesis in prostate. We found previously that NF-kB was constitutively activated in human androgen-independent prostate carcinoma (PC) cell lines due to the activation of IKKalpha/beta kinases. We have generated clones of PC cells transfected with IKK d.n. mutants but in most of those clones the expression of IKKbeta d.n. and IKKalpha d.n. mutants significantly decreased during cell cultivation. To overcome the transgene silencing, we have undertaken an alternative approach and performed the experiments with highly specific chemical inhibitor of IKKbeta, PS1145. We found that PS1145 inhibited basal and inducible NF-kB in PC cells, sensitized PC cells to apoptosis, and reduced their metastatic potential. We have also started to generate inducible IKKalpha d.n. and IKKbeta d.n. constructs using retroviral Tet-On expression system (Clontech Laboratories). We also studied the expression of IKKs and NF-kB in prostate tissues. The analysis of immunostaining of NF-kB and IKK proteins in BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) and PC samples has revealed modest increase of p65 expression in advanced PCs. There were no significant changes in the expression of p50 and IKKbeta in PC in comparison to BPH. P52 expression was significantly higher in high grade PCs in comparison to BPH and low grade PCs. Importantly we found frequent nuclear localization of p52 in PCs. In some tumors p52 immunostaining pattern correlated with IKKalpha expression, and especially with the level of IKKalpha/beta phosphorylation. Cancer; Prostate Gland 87

20050010297 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening Barsky, Sanford H., ; Aug. 2004; 206 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0176 Report No.(s): AD-A427884; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A10, Hardcopy In glandular organs, precancerous state precedes invasive carcinoma. In the breast this state is recognized as DCIS and consists of an epithelial cell proliferation confined by myoepithelial cells. Our laboratory has established cell line/xenografts of myoepithelial cells. Our myoepithelial cell lines inhibit invasion and motility of breast carcinoma lines in vitro largely through maspin. The overall hypothesis of this proposal was how does myoepithelial maspin regulate breast (DClS) carcinoma progression and can its detection in fine needle aspirates (FNA) and in ductal fluid abet diagnosis and screening? The first aim addressed the mechanism of maspin s inhibition of breast carcinoma invasion: We have shown that myoepithelial maspin does bind to plasma membranes of carcinoma cells and inhibit a pathway involved in cellular locomotion. Using differential display and microarray analysis we have further characterized the pathway(s) involved. The second aim utilized maspin antibodies on FNA to identify the myoepithelial component and we have further demonstrated with larger number of samples that this approach is successful. The third aim investigated the levels of maspin in nipple aspirates, in ductal lavage fluid and saliva. We have shown that maspin is both a tumor marker as well as a surrogate intermediate end point marker. Antibodies; Breast; Cancer; Diagnosis; Enzyme Activity; Epithelium; Inhibitors; Mammary Glands 20050010298 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA Genetic Variation in the HSD3B2 Gene and Prostate Cancer Reichardt, Juergen K., ; Jul. 2004; 60 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0099 Report No.(s): AD-A427886; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in American men. It is also characterized by a substantial racial/ethnic variation in risk: highest in African-American men, lowest in Asian men and intermediate in Caucasian and Latino men. We propose to investigate genetic variants of genes involved in the regulation of prostatic growth and particularly in androgen metabolism, particularly the HSD3B2 gene which encodes the type II b-hydoxysteroid dehydrogenase. Our final progress reported is highlighted by the following four findings. First, our data indicate that the locus under investigation is highly polymorphic in constitutional DNA and mutated in tumor (i.e. somatic) DNA. Second, our population-based investigations are complete. Third, we will complete the biochemical analyses soon. Finally, we note that we have also investigated transcription of the HSD3B2 gene and found that YY1 binding is important. Cancer; Genes; Genetics; Prostate Gland 20050010300 Northeastern Univ., Boston, MA USA Synthesis of Estrogen Receptor Beta Selective 17-Substituted Estradiols for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Tongcharoensirikul, Pakamas, ; Feb. 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0116 Report No.(s): AD-A427891; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Recent evidence of the presence of ER alpha and ER beta messages in prostatic tissues has appeared recently. Evidence suggested that Estrogen Receptor beta (ER beta) is down regulated during the precancerous prostate intraepithelium neoplasia (PIN) and reappear during the metastatic PC alpha. The applicant has proposed to synthesized novel selective ER beta agonist based on the lead structure l7betaestradiol, the Estrogen Receptor endogeneous ligand. The applicant has successfully synthesized the first generation of compounds with various aromatic moieties next to the l7alpha-vinyl of estradiol. lh NMR studies show promising results that different aromatic moieties have different electronics influence on the vinyl proton signals which could suggest the selectivity toward ER alpha or ER beta. These results will be confirmed by biological assay which is in progress. Biosynthesis; Cancer; Estrogens; Prostate Gland 88

20050010301 Nebraska Univ., Omaha, NE USA Breast Cancer Training Program Cowan, Kenneth H., ; Shull, James D., ; Aug. 2004; 93 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0361 Report No.(s): AD-A427894; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy The Breast Cancer Training Program (BCTP) in the Eppley Cancer Institute of the University of Nebraska Medical Center offers predoctoral and postdoctoral trainees a comprehensive training environment in breast cancer by supporting, in part, an outstanding breast cancer seminar program, a short course in cancer biology, a breast cancer focus group and by providing stipend support to trainees performing research that is highly relevant to breast cancer. In the four years of this award we have provided stipends to nine predoctoral and twelve postdoctoral trainees. Five of nine predoctoral trainees have completed their graduate training and have secured postdoctoral positions in outstanding laboratories in research areas directly related to breast cancer. Five postdoctoral trainees have moved to other institutions and seven remain in training. Publications in highly ranked journals are beginning to result from the research of the BCTP trainees. Though DOD funding for the BCTP is ending, the program will continue and tbe program faculty will seek resources elsewhere to continue student and postdoctoral training in breast cancer research. Breast; Cancer; Education; Mammary Glands 20050010305 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer Ponnazhagan, Selvarangan, ; Jun. 2004; 77 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0267 Report No.(s): AD-A427915; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy From the studies performed during the last one year, we determined the effects of AAV-mediated anti-angiogenic gene therapy as a combination therapy to chemotherapy. Based on the kinetics of raav transgene expression and the requirement of second-strand synthesis as a rate-limiting step, we continued our studies in a prevention model. Also we continued to use the cell line SKOV3.ipl instead of human breast cancer cell lines to avoid time delay due to slower growth kinetics in vivo. raav-encoding angiostatin and endostatin was injected prior to tumor cell implantation. Three weeks following vector administration, 10(exp6)SKOV3.ipl cells were implanted. Cohorts of mice also received no vector treatment, raav-gfp (non-specific vector control), chemotherapy alone, or a combination of raav endostatin+angiostatin and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was administered during the first week after tumor implantation by intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg taxol. Based on the results of these studies, we inferred the potential of AAV-mediated anti-angiogenic gene therapy in combination with chemotherapy. In the next year, we will determine whether such a combination therapy would provide regression of established tumors. Breast; Cancer; Gene Therapy; Genes; Mammary Glands; Therapy 20050010306 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells Weiser, Douglas C., ; Jul. 2004; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0378 Report No.(s): AD-A427916; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy GADD34 is a stress-induced proteins implicated in the control of protein synthesis and apoptosis. It is a major target of the oncogene c-myc. Myc is widely implicated in breast cancer and potently inhibits GADD34 expression. The goal of this proposal is to better understand the mechanism of GADD34 induced apoptosis and the implications of this to human breast cancer. Toward this goal we have analyzed the regulation of eif2 alpha dephosphorylation by GADD34 and by its binding partner Inhibitor-I. We have demonstrated that proper subcellular localization of GADD34 is necessary for function. We have identified a novel domain that targets GADD34 to the endoplasmic reticulum, and a domain involved in PP1 binding. We also examined the role of 1-1, a GADD34 interacting protein that inhibits PP1, in inhibiting eif2 alpha dephosphorylation and identified a novel domain necessary for the in vivo function of 1-1. We also demonstrated that this domain is absent in 2 alternate splice forms of 1-1, 1-1 alpha and 1-1 beta, which are weaker inhibitors of eif2 alpha dephosphorylation. We have also demonstrated that GADD34 protein levels are elevated in human cancer cells in response to a variety of stressed. Interestingly, p38 MAP kinase is required for GADD34 induction by aresnite, but not endoplasmic-reticulum stress. GADD34 89

is also a rapidly degraded protein, consistent with a temporal regulation of stress-signaling. This work has lead to a better understanding of GADD34 function in cancer cell, and may lead to better anti-breast-cancer drugs targeting this apoptotic pathway. Apoptosis; Breast; Cancer; Damage; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Mammary Glands; Protein Synthesis; Proteins 20050010308 Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA USA Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase in Prostate Cancer Cells Maceyka, Michael W., ; Mar. 2004; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0240 Report No.(s): AD-A427918; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and its product sphingosine 1-phosphate have been shown to promote cell growth and inhibit apoptosis of tumor cells (reviewed in 1). SphK1 has been shown to be responsible for radioresistance of certain prostate cancer cells 2. To better understand SphK1 regulation, we undertook a two-hybrid screen for SphK1-interacting proteins. In the first report period, we focused on one of these interactors, aminoacylase 1. This work will not be discussed as it has been accepted for publication (appendix A). In this report period we studied a second interacting protein, filamin A. We show that SphK1 physically interacts with both the fragment of filamin found in the two-hybrid screen and full length. Though both C-terminal and full length proteins reduce SphK1 activity measured in vitro, the C-terminal fragment inhibits while the full length potentiates the effects of SphK1 on TNF-alpha signaling and motility. We further demonstrate that filamin is required for ligand-induced motility as well as activation of SphK1. Moreover, sirna against SphK1 suggests the SphK1-filamin interaction is required for motility, indicating possible anti-metastasis drug targets. Cancer; Prostate Gland; Proteins 20050010309 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA Arginase: A Novel Proliferative Determinant in Prostate Cancer Grody, Wayne W., ; Apr. 2004; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0201 Report No.(s): AD-A427919; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This project is an investigation of the involvement of the enzyme arginase type II (All) in the pathogenesis and growth of prostate cancer. Having recently cloned the All gene in our laboratory, we unexpectedly discovered that it is expressed at high levels in the normal prostate and even higher in neoplastic prostate samples. The purpose of the present research funded by USAMRMC is to examine the expression of All in a wider range of benign and malignant prostate specimens and cultured cells to determine its usefulness as a novel marker of prostatic neoplasia and the extent of its involvement in cancer pathogenesis. We will also explore whether specific chemical and molecular inhibitors of arginase and several related enzymes in the polyamine metabolic pathway might suppress or arrest the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro or in vivo. This first annual report describes our progress to date in developing the overexpression and inhibitory vector constructs needed for the research, our initial optimization of gene transfer techniques in prostatic cancer cells, and characterization of arginase and related enzymes in prostate cancer lines of various degrees of differentiation. Cancer; Determinants; Enzymes; Prostate Gland 20050010310 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician Armstrong, Katrina, ; Apr. 2004; 49 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0097 Report No.(s): AD-A427921; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient, Partner and Physician, is a project that used a cross-sectional survey to explore the role of the patient, partner and physician in decisions about treatment of localized prostate cancer. The rationale for this study was based upon the significant uncertainty about the optimal treatment for localized prostate cancer and the need to include patients and partners in the decision making process. The study examined the effect of preferences and perceived preferences among patients, partners and physicians on treatment decisions, decision satisfaction and decision process. In the first six months of the project, survey instruments were developed, pilot tested and refined. Data collection 90

began in November 2000 and terminated in October 2003 after data was collected from 233 patients, 132 spouses and 14 urologists (who saw 184 of the study patients). Although data analysis continues, numerous interesting results have been found to date, including poor knowledge of the common treatment options among patients, the impact of various decision factors on the choice of surgery, urologists misjudging their patients concerns and preferences, a strong influence of urologists treatment recommendations on treatment choices, and an important role of the patient s spouse in the treatment decision. Many of these results have been presented at academic meetings and are in the process of being submitted for publication. Cancer; Clinical Medicine; Patients; Physicians; Prostate Gland 20050010311 State Univ. of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, NY USA Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer Morris, Marilyn E., ; Jun. 2004; 207 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0376 Report No.(s): AD-A427922; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A10, Hardcopy Drug resistance is the main cause for therapeutic failure and death in breast cancer. Our goal is to evaluate dietary organic isothiocyanates (ITCs) as inhibitors of MDR. Our studies have demonstrated that phenethyl ITC (PEITC), benzyl ITC (BITC) and naphthyl ITC (NITC) can inhibit P-glycoprotein-, Multidrug Resistance-associated protein (MRPl)- and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP)-mediated efflux, in cell lines that overexpress these transport proteins. Studies evaluating the mechanism of this interaction have suggested that PEITC is an inhibitor, but not a substrate for P-gp. PEITC represents a substrate for BCRP, and alters MRPl-mediated transport through binding interactions, as well as depletion of the cofactor for transport, glutathione. HPLC assays have been developed to determine the concentrations of these ITOs in biological samples, and a novel LC/MS/MS assay developed for PEITC, in order to obtain the needed specificity and sensitivity for in vivo studies. The stability and pharmacokinetics of NITC and PEITC have been determined for the first time. These studies represent the first report of inhibition of the ABC efflux proteins, P-glycoprotein, MRPl and BCRP, which are important determinants of MDR. The ITCs may represent a new class of inhibitors of MDR in breast cancer. Breast; Cancer; Diets; Drugs; Mammary Glands; Modulators 20050010312 Lafayette Coll., Easton, PA USA Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression Kurt, Robert A., ; Jul. 2004; 29 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0288 Report No.(s): AD-A427923; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Chemokines play a pivotal role in the maturation of the immune system, and in the initiation, and maintenance of an immune response. Because of their key role in the immune response, the aberrant expression of chemokines can have a profound effect on the ability of T cells to respond to antigen. We have found that several breast cancer cell lines produced chemokines capable of recruiting T cells. However, instead of increasing anti-tumor immunity, the tumor-derived chemokines may have prevented an effective immune response by desensitizing T-cell chemokine receptors. Our hypothesis is that disrupting the synthesis of tumor-derived chemokines (using anti-sense technology) will remove tumor-induced immune suppression and enhance the immunogenicity of the tumor. In order to test this hypothesis we generated stable clones that lack CCL2 and CCL5 production compared to the parental tumor cell line. Using these tumors we found that both CCL2 and CCL5 impair the T cell response to the murine mammary carcinoma 4Tl. Moreover, tumor-derived CCL5 impaired T cell chemotactic activity and enhanced growth of the tumor in vivo. In addition, we found that tumor-derived CXCL 1 acts as an autocrine growth factor and angiogenesis factor for 4T 1. Breast; Cancer; Lymphocytes; Mammary Glands; Tumors 20050010313 Children s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL USA TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer Li, Honglin, ; May 2004; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0042 Report No.(s): AD-A427925; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This study aims to elucidate the signaling pathway of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells, and to examine 91

the therapeutic effect of TRAIL on prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that most of prostate cancer cells such as androgen-independent PC-3 and DU145 cells are sensitive to TRAIL treatment while normal prostate epithelial cells are resistant. This result indicates that TRAIL may be appropriate agent for treatment of late-stage prostate cancer with no cytotoxicity to normal prostate cells. Further investigation on the molecular mechanism of TRAIL resistance revealed that the elevated enos activity by Akt phosphorylation may partially contribute to Akt-mediated TRAIL resistance in LNCaP cells. We also found that chemotherapeutic agents such as etoposide (DNA topoisomearse II inhibitor) and VELCADE (proteasome inhibitor) sensitized PC cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Our further study indicated that JNK and JNK-mediated BID cleavage may play an important role in synergistic effect between VELCADE and TRAIL. Apoptosis; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Drugs; Prostate Gland; Therapy 20050010316 Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA USA Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta-Catenin Khazaie, Khashayarsha, ; Zhang, Gouying, ; L. Chen, Mei, ; Pittet, Mikael, ; Apr. 2004; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0210 Report No.(s): AD-A427939; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Murine models of prostate cancer have been developed that rely on the somatic activation of beta-catenin. The approach employs Cre-loxP mediated targeted genetic recombination of the Catnb+lox(ex3) locus. Expression of Cre was targeted specifically to the prostate secretory epithelium using androgen responsive minimal probasin (PB) or prostate specific antigen (PSA) gene promoters. Lesions produced by PB-Cre were limited in comparison to the previously reported MMTV-Cre mice, while PSA-Cre caused highly inflamed and invasive lesions. In contrast to the MMTV-Cre, no squamous metaplasia was produced by the PB- or PSA-Cre. No lesions were detected with K14-Cre mice, that target expression of Cre to basal cells. These observations are likely to be related to the type of cells or stages of differentiation targeted by each promoter. The ontogeny of PINs and carcinomas are being traced, using simultaneous Cre dependent expression of lacz. In a limited screen of clinical histology samples, stabilization of beta-catenin in PIN lesions was readily detected in some but not all PIN lesions. NKCCl was generally not extinguished in human PINs, as well as in murine prostate cancers caused by genetic alterations other than (beta-catenin (SV4O-T, or active AKT). Potential cross talk of the beta-catenin and Pl3kinase signaling pathways, and downstream gene targets in prostate cancer are under investigation. Cancer; Initiation; Prostate Gland 20050010317 Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem, Israel Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells Taraboulos, Albert, ; Jul. 2004; 38 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0288 Report No.(s): AD-A427943; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This project endeavors to create cell culture systems for the sensitive and rapid detection of prions. We have proposed to achieve this task by improving steps and components involved (i) in the infection of cells with prions, (ii) in the amplification of prions by cells, and (iii) in the detection of infected cells, To achieve these aims, we are trying to: 1. Identify or create improved cell lines that are more susceptible to prion infection. 2. Improve the delivery of prions to cells by improving their presentation and method of administration, 3. Increase the level of prion/prp(exp SC) amplification in the infected cells. 4. Design better ways to detect prion infection in cells, either by increasing the formation of PrP(exp SC) or by devising new, non-prp(exp SC) surrogate markers. Accelerated Life Tests; Cells (Biology); Diseases; Infectious Diseases; Sensitivity 20050010318 Burnham Inst., La Jolla, CA USA Cripto: A Target for Breast Cancer Treatment Adamson, Eileen D., ; Jun. 2004; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0165 Report No.(s): AD-A427946; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy Cripto is a growth factor that is important in breast cancer, leading to increases in cell proliferation and to increased 92

survival of cells. Specific receptors for this factor have not been defined for breast cells but there is evidence from published work that Cripto acts as a co-factor for the Nodal factor, previously thought to be present and active only in early embryonic development. This work will define the importance of this route of Cripto signaling in breast cells compared with the other known route involving Ras and the MAPK/Erk pathway. A number of possible ways that Cripto could effect a proliferative signal to breast cells has been described by the PI in a review article previously reported and published in J Cell Physiol. 190, 26%-2%8. The experimental studies for exploring the mechanism of activation of breast cancer cells by Cripto is described for the first year of the experimental work, with the aim of making peptides that block Cripto and its tumorigenic effects. Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Targets 20050010319 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position Tisnado, Diana, ; Kahn, Katherine L., ; Jun. 2004; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0328 Report No.(s): AD-A427950; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Socioeconomic position (SEP) refers to a range of dimensions that describe absolute and relative position in society including income, education, poverty, deprivation, and social status. The ultimate goal of the proposed work is to inform our understanding of racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer care and the contribution of SEP and linguistic barriers, particularly for Hispanic women. This work has the potential to contribute to our understanding of disparities in breast cancer care, and to inform strategies to improve access to and quality of care for all women with breast cancer. Breast; Cancer; Economics; Health; Mammary Glands 20050010320 Texas Univ., Houston, TX USA Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target Gallick, Gary E., ; Jul. 2004; 39 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0524 Report No.(s): AD-A427951; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This research had as its goal inhibiting the expression of two pathways critical to prostate cancer progression, one mediated by the tyrosine kinase receptor c-met, and the second mediated by urokinase plasminogen activator (upa). Each pathway has been demonstrated to be important to prostate tumor progression, and further, they may be related, i.e., increased c-met expression leads directly to increased upa expression. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between upa and c-met expression and prostate tumor progression. By using various strategies to inhibit these molecules, the second purpose was to determine if decreased tumor growth and/or tumor progression would result. Thus, the scope of the work utilized human prostate tumor cell lines, and examine in vitro and in vivo the effects of in habiting these pathways. We have demonstrated that inhibition of c-met results in inhibition of growth at the primary tumor site and significantly, prevents development of lymph node metastases in an Orthotopic nude mouse model. Inhibition of upar also inhibits metastatic growth. UPaR expression increases in clinical specimens of more progressed disease. Thus, c-met and UPAR contribute to CaP progression and further development of inhibitors for these enzymes is promising for CaP treatment. Activation; Anatomy; Cancer; Clinical Medicine; Cytology; Enzymes; Hormones; Lymph; Metastasis; Prostate Gland; Refractories; Targets; Therapy 20050010321 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD USA Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer Huang, Yi, ; Jun. 2004; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0376 Report No.(s): AD-A427952; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The important role of polyamines in regulation of cell growth has led to the development of a number of polyamine analogues that can intervene in natural polyamine metabolism and inhibit the growth of tumor cells. This proposal was designed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic efficacy of new generation of polyamine analogues in treatment of human breast cancer. In the first year of this award, we have performed the preliminary study of the in vitro and 93

in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of novel polyamine analogues in breast cancer cells (Clin. Cancer. Res., 9: 2769, 2003) and continued on the investigation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by polyamine analogues. Our studies indicate that polyamine analogue-inducible AP- 1 plays a pro-survival role in polyamine analogue treated breast cancer cell. (Mol. Cancer Res., 2: 81, 2004). Our studies also showed that activation of the p53 is important for the induction of polyamine analogue-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis, whereas JNK/Jun signaling pathway may negatively regulate p53 (unpublished). These data suggest that p53 and JNK/Jun pathways may be the useful molecular targets for improving the therapeutic efficacy of polyamine analogues in human breast cancer. Analogs; Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands 20050010322 Rochester Univ., NY USA Role of PTPase LAR in EGF Receptor in the Mammary Gland Mooney, Robert A., ; Jun. 2004; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0423 Report No.(s): AD-A427953; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important mediator of breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. While much is known about EGFR signal transduction related to its tyrosine kinase activity, less is known about the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) which must be present to modulate the cellular effects of the EGFR by dephosphorylating the receptor and its substrates. Evidence derived from several approaches suggests that the transmembrane PTP LAR may be involved in EGFR signaling in mammary gland development and tumorigenesis. The hypothesis to be tested in this proposal is that LAR plays an important role in EGFR-dependent mammary gland development and tumorigenesis through negative modulation of EGFR signal transduction. In year 2, we demonstrated that LAR expression is regulated by cell density, with concentrations increasing markedly as cell density increases. Functional E-cadherin complexes are necessary for this effect. Additionally, we showed that cell contact inhibits EGF- dependent proliferation in MCF10A mammary tumor cells and is mediated at the level of Akt activation. E-cadherin complexes are presumed to be the mediators of this cell contact inhibition. In year 3, we have shown that cell contact inhibition of Akt blocks the cell cycle. The central role of Akt regulation in this pathway is confirmed by recapitulating the effect with an adenovirus-mediated expression of a dominant negative Akt. Finally, transgenic expression of LAR in mammary epithelium under the MMTV promoter did not generate abnormal rates of spontaneous tumors. Taken together, these data indicate that the critical regulation of EGF signaling is not at the receptor via LAR but downstream at Akt. Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands 20050010323 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications Mayo, Stephen L., ; Greengard, Leslie F., ; Honig, Barry H., ; Oct. 2004; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-03-1-0291 Report No.(s): AD-A427954; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0572; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy The major accomplishments of this project are the development of a two-body-decomposable electrostatic potential energy function that accurately reproduces continuum electrostatic energies computed using the finite difference Poisson- Boltzmann (PB) method, and the enhancement of the activity of the naturally occurring E. coli chorismate mutase (EcCM) enzyme through computational design. Although the stated milestone of creating a novel chorismate mutase (CM) was not achieved, the enhancement of the underlying computational model through the development of the two-body PB method will facilitate the future design of novel protein catalysts. Enzymes; Optimization; Proteins 20050010326 University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials Hall, Lawrence O., ; Goldgof, Dmitry B., ; Krischer, Jeffrey, ; Aug. 2004; 46 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0244 Report No.(s): AD-A427957; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy An enhanced Web based prototype intelligent agent/expert system for matching breast cancer patients to clinical trials has 94

been built. It allows for cost preferences to be entered. Therefore, the system user can choose to rule patients out of trials as quickly as possible without regard to the cost of tests necessary to do this. A user can choose to have questions appear so that the patient is ruled out of the trial with the minimal set of costs (tests) or can choose some combination of approaches. The system has been tested with 15 protocols and designed for maximal responsiveness and scalability as new protocols are added. The files of 178 former patients have been used to test the accuracy of the system. Additionally, the files of 213 current patients have been tested for eligibility. Patients for each of the protocols were correctly found eligible for one or more trials. We found 240 new matching clinical trials for the 213 current patients. A probabilistic prototype system has been developed to reorder questions based on the probability they will determine the patient is ineligible for trial and preliminary experiments have shown up to 13% less questions will be required on average. It can also indicate the probability of patients being eligible for protocols. We have also developed a prototype system to quickly add new clinical trials. This has been successfully used by novices to enter new trials. Breast; Cancer; Expert Systems; Mammary Glands; Patients 20050010327 State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY USA Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer Freudenheim, Jo. L., ; Jun. 2004; 208 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0417 Report No.(s): AD-A427958; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A10, Hardcopy This population-based study examines early life exposure to environmental pollutants from industrial sites, toxic waste sites and heavily trafficked roadways as risk factors for breast cancer; with a focus on exposure to benzene and phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAHs). We have geocoded 15,340 individual addresses for 3,286 participants in Erie and Niagara counties in New York State. A validation study assessed the positional accuracy of addresses geocoded on the Dynamap2000 using a global positioning system receiver. Overall, geocoding was accurate. Analyses have been completed examining residential proximity to industrial sites contracting with the US Atomic Energy Commission (USAEC), for exposure to total suspended particulates (TSP), and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and breast cancer risk. Proximity to sites contracted by USAEC was not associated with risk. Exposure to TSP in early life was associated with a 2.75-fold increase in risk for postmenopausal women only. There was little evidence of an association between early life exposure to ETS and breast cancer. Clustering analyses identified geographic patterns of residence for breast cancer cases and controls at critical time periods in early life. These results provide evidence that environmental exposures in early life may be important for breast cancer risk. Birth; Breast; Cancer; Contaminants; Environmental Surveys; Exposure; Hazardous Wastes; Mammary Glands; Risk 20050010328 California Univ., San Francisco, CA USA Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer Katapodi, Maria C., ; May 2004; 54 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0356 Report No.(s): AD-A427959; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy The study aimed to 1) describe perceived breast cancer risk, 2) compare subjective and objective risk estimates, and 3) examine the influence of heuristic reasoning in women s arguments regarding their breast cancer risk. The survey uses three probability scales (Verbal, Comparative, Numerical) and the Gail model to measure perceived and objective risk, respectively. Aim 3 is addressed with Argument and Heuristic reasoning analysis, a method based on applied logic and used to identify heuristics in narrative data. We recruited a multicultural sample of 184 English-speaking women (46112 years old) from community settings to complete the survey. Fifty three of those women agreed to provide an in-depth interview. Most (49%) had college education. Participants held an optimistic bias regarding their breast cancer risk. They believed their risk was lower than average, they rated the risk for friends/peers higher than their own, and underestimated their objective risk. Responses on the Verbal and Comparative scales were consistent, whereas Numerical risk ratings were influenced by demographic characteristics. Older women and those with one affected first-degree relative did not perceive higher risk. Experiences with affected family members and friends, and breast symptoms influence perceived risk though various mechanisms, involving knowledge of risk factors and worry. Breast; Cancer; Females; Mammary Glands; Perception; Risk 95

20050010334 Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk Hartmann, Lynn C., ; Jun. 2004; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427975; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Optimal early detection and prevention strategies for breast cancer are predicated on our ability to identify individuals at significantly increased risk for this disease. Unfortunately only a minority of the 200,000 women who are diagnosed with breast cancer in the US each year are recognized as being at significantly increased risk. The purpose of this Center is to bring molecular risk prediction for breast cancer into the clinical arena. This will require progress on three fronts of scientific endeavor: (i) Establishment of a tissue repository of benign breast disease; (ii) Assessment of potential biomarkers of risk in this tissue set and (iii) Discovery of new, potentially relevant biomarkers of risk. We have made good progress on our tissue repository and have begun our biomarker studies. We completed the follow-up of the 1982-91 group (n = 5,181) and are in process with the 1967-81 group (n = 6,102). A total of 762 cases of breast cancer were identified in this 25 year cohort. We established a relational database in which data are entered on an ongoing basis. Benign histopathology has been characterized for 80% of the 25 year cohort. We have begun the process of collecting fresh tissue for culturing in vitro. Breast; Cancer; Clinical Medicine; Mammary Glands; Risk 20050010337 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA Vitamin D Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 Feldman, David, ; Feb. 2004; 22 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0142 Report No.(s): AD-A427982; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Calcitriol plays a critical role in maintaining mineral homeostasis but also exhibits antiproliferative activity in many cancers. We have shown that the antiproliferative actions of calcitriol in the LNCaP human prostate cancer (PCa) cell is mediated in large part by induction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3). The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular mechanism involved in calcitriol regulation of IGFBP-3 and to identify the putative vitamin D response element (VDRE) in the IOFBP-3 promoter. We cloned 6 kb of the IGFBP-3 promoter and demonstrated its responsiveness to calcitriol in transactivation assays. Computer analysis identified a putative VDRE between -32961/-3282 that is similar to other known VDREs. In gel shift assays the vitamin D receptor (VDR) showed strong calcitriol-dependent binding to this putative VDRE. ChIP assay demonstrated that calcitriol recruited the VDR/RXR heterodimer to the VDRE site. In transactivation as says the VDRE promoter was induced 2-fold by calcitriol. Mutations created in the VDRE resulted in a loss of IGFBP-3 induction confirming the critical VDRE sequence. In conclusion, we have identified a functional VDRE in the distal region of the human IGFBP-3 promoter that directly mediates the action of calcitriol. Calciferol; Cancer; Prostate Gland 20050010338 Brigham and Women s Hospital, Boston, MA USA Caveolin-1 Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling in Advanced Prostate Cancer Lu, Michael L., ; Feb. 2004; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0017 Report No.(s): AD-A427983; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy In the current funding year, we focus our effort on proposed work for Tasks 2 and 3 to characterize both the functional and physiological roles of caveolin in AR signaling. We have demonstrated a cross-talk between the caveolin-1/ar and PI3 kinase/akt signal pathway in hormone dependent cell survival. Our results established a biochemical basis on the notion that caveolin expression is associated with prostate cancer progression. The neo-expression caveolin in advanced prostate cancer represents a gain-of-function event in cancer progression. Moreover, these results illustrate the important role of AR non-genomic effect in response to androgen stimulation. These findings pave the way to further define the underlying signal cross-talk in AR-mediated signaling. Cancer; Hormones; Males; Prostate Gland 96

20050010339 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Biological Basis for Chemoprevention of Ovarian Cancer Berchuck, Andrew, ; Oct. 2003; 34 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0666 Report No.(s): AD-A427988; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The rationale for ovarian cancer prevention is highlighted by the observations that pregnancy and birth control pill use are strongly protective. To achieve a better understanding of the etiology of ovarian cancer, which can then be translated into effective prevention strategies, we have initiated a case-control study that considers genetic susceptibility, epidemiologic risk factors and acquired genetic alterations. Subjects are interviewed in their homes and about 650 cases and 650 controls have been accrued thus far. Blood and cancer samples have been collected and molecular analyses of genetic polymorphisms (BRCA1/2, progesterone receptor) have been performed. An initial ovarian cancer chemoprevention trial with levoneorestrel in chickens demonstrated a protective effect and we have shown that progestin mediated apoptosis in the ovarian epithelium is mediated by transforming growth factor-beta. In vitro data has suggested that vitamin D analogues may also represent appealing chemopreventives. We are presently working towards a chemoprevention trial that will incorporate both progestins and vitamin D analogues. We also are exploring novel therapeutic approaches for targeting the progesterone receptor. These studies have the potential to increase our ability to identify high-risk women and to lead to the development of chemoprevention strategies that might decrease mortality from this disease. Cancer; Ovaries 20050010343 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer Shapiro, Pamela J., ; Apr. 2004; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0138 Report No.(s): AD-A428002; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Animal models and naturalistic studies of androgen decline in aging men suggest that low testosterone levels contribute to cognitive difficulties. Suppression of testosterone by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the preferred treatment for advanced prostate cancer (PC) and in recent years has been increasingly prescribed for treatment of early stage PC. Although many of the side effects of ADT are well documented, potential cognitive impairment associated with ADT has been neglected in the literature. Our preexisting data indicate that 35% of men receiving ADT report moderate to sever difficulties with attention, concentration, and memory. In addition to normal age-related declines in cognitive function, men receiving ADT may experience hormone-related cognitive impairments that remain undetected and untreated. This study describes the nature and prevalence of objectively assessed cognitive difficulties in PC patients treated with ADT, examines the relationship between subjective reports of cognitive impairment and objective measurement of cognitive performance, and assesses relationships among fatigue, psychological distress, and cognitive function. Preliminary results show that 58% of the men have cognitive deficits greater than or equal to 1 SD below age- and education-adjusted population norms in one or more cognitive domains, and 92% have at least one area of performance greater than or equal to 1 SD below expected functioning based on estimated premorbid IQ. Cancer; Deprivation; Human Beings; Males; Mental Performance; Prostate Gland; Therapy 20050010344 Colorado Univ., Denver, CO USA Treatment for Recurrent Vulvovaginitis Candidiasis: An Overview of Traditional and Alternative Therapies Wilson, Candy S., ; Nov. 2004; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428003; CI04-902; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The diagnosis of recurrent vulvaginitis caused by candida can be frustrating and challenging for the women who suffer. There is limited research available to inform health care providers about the effectiveness of alternative therapies and this limits the amount of evidenced based information nurse practitioners can provide to their patients. However, many of the therapies listed in this article have provided some or complete relief from recurrent or chronic suffers of vulvovaginitis candidiasis. Fungi; Therapy 97

20050010345 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA New Forcefields and Algorithms for Computational Protein Design Sapiro, Guillermo, ; Jan. 2003; 3 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-03-1-0279; Proj-P956 Report No.(s): AD-A428012; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0584; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy This seed project has achieved its short-term and long-term goals. In the short-term, we have developed novel techniques for protein-protein docking and for studying conformation spaces. In the long-term, we have started a fruitful collaboration between a biochemist (Prof Baker) and a computational/theory researcher (Prof Sapiro). Prof Sapiro and two of his students (D. Rother and P. Lloyd) visited Prof Baker and his group a number of times (2-3 times each) during the year of this project. Algorithms; Proteins 20050010346 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture Felton, James S., ; Apr. 2004; 81 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0011 Report No.(s): AD-A428020; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy We are investigating the effects of foods associated with reduced prostate cancer risk on a cooked meat carcinogen known to be associated with elevated cancer risk. Cooked muscle meats contain potent mutagens and carcinogens belonging to the heterocyclic amine class of compounds. One of these, PhIP, is a genotoxic carcinogen that has been shown to cause DNA damage in prostate tissue and prostate tumor formation in rats. We have developed a method to quantify urinary metabolites of PhIP in human volunteers that have been fed a meal of cooked chicken. Using this method, we have shown that PhIP metabolism may be affected by diet and lifestyle factors and that broccoli, soy, and tomatoes may influence the relative amounts of PhIP metabolite excretion. At the cellular level we investigated the metabolism of PhIP in human prostate cancer cells and investigated the relationship between DNA damage and gene expression. This research uses state-of-the-art analytical measurement methods to support conclusions about the role of diet and prostate cancer in humans. Although still preliminary, our results indicate that other components of the diet may have an effect on the metabolism of a commonly-occurring food carcinogen. Cancer; Carcinogens; Diets; Metabolism; Prostate Gland 20050010347 Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA Estrogen and Breast Cancer Russo, Jose, ; Jul. 2004; 67 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0247 Report No.(s): AD-A428032; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy In the present work we demonstrate that estradiol and its metabolites mainly 4-OH estradiol are able to induce transformation phenotypes in the human breast epithelial cells (HBEC) MCF-lOF. MCFlOF cells is ER-alpha negative, although, they ER-beta positive that could indicate that the response of the cells to growth and form colonies in agar methocel could be mediated by this receptor. However, the Invasion phenotype is not modified when the cells are treated in presence of tamoxifen or ICI, suggesting that other pathways may be involved. With the data presently available the direct effect of 4-OH-E2 support the concept that metabolic activation of estrogens mediated by various cytochrome P45O complexes, generating through this pathway reactive intermediates that elicit direct genotoxic effects leading to transformation. This assumption was confirmed when we found that all the transformation phenotypes induced by 4-OH-E2 were not abrogated when this compound was used in presence of the pure antiestrogenic ICI. We have detected loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in ch13q12.2-12.3 (D13S893) and in ch17q21.1 that has been reported in primary breast cancer, that the changes are similar to those induced by the chemical carcinogen (BP) and that the genomic changes were not abrogated by antiestrogens. Breast; Cancer; Estrogens; Mammary Glands 98

20050010348 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System Chen, Dan, ; Zhou, Qiang, ; Apr. 2004; 21 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0321 Report No.(s): AD-A428033; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-l) is the etiological agent for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV-1 encodes a small trans-acting regulatory protein, Tat, which is absolutely essential for viral replication and is conserved in the genomes of all primate lentiviruses (Jones and Peterlin, 1994). A primary role of Tat is in regulating productive and processive transcription from the HIV-l long terminal repeat (LTR). The past decade has been a watershed for the biochemical analysis of the mechanism of Tat stimulation of HIV-l transcription. In addition to this HIV-l-speciflc activity, Tat has also been shown to impinge upon many cellular functions, some of which are consistent with the fact that Tat can be secreted by the HIV infected cells and act upon the neighboring bystander cells (Frankel and Pabo, 1988; Ensoli et al., 1990; Ensoli et al., 1993). Although the mechanisms for the secretion and uptake of Tat are mostly unclear, it is these unique properties that enable Tat to regulate cytokine gene expression and immune cell hyperactivation (Ott et a!., 1997), stimulate the growth of Kaposi s sarcoma cells (Ensoli et a!., 1990) and induce apoptosis of uninfected T cells (Li et a!,, 1995; Westendorp et a!., 1995; Bartz and Emerman, 1999). Apoptosis contributes to the massive depletion of CD4+ T cells and consequently to the loss of immune competence during HIV-l infection (Meyaard et al., 1992; Fauci, 1993). Although the mechanisms controlling apoptosis are likely to be multifactorial, Tat and a few other HIV-l gene products appear to contribute in part to the increased apoptosis associated with AIDS (Roshal et a!., 2001). Apoptosis; Viruses 20050010350 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA Mechanisms of VEGF Availability in Prostate Cancer Monvoisin, Arnaud, ; Jan. 2004; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0025 Report No.(s): AD-A428040; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Vascular endothelial growth factor is a critical mediator of angiogenesis. Levels of this cytokine are under exquisite transcriptional and translational control and alterations in can have devastating effects in development. In this study, we demonstrated that VEGF is also regulated extracellularly by matrix metalloproteases. Specifically, MMP3 is capable to cleave the three main splice forms of this growth factor releasing bioactive fragments with equal ability to induce VEGFR2 phosphorylation in vitro. We have mapped the regions of MMP3 processing and generated recombinant forms that mimic MMP3-cleaved VEGF and MMP3-resistant VEGF to explore the biological relevance of this processing event. We found that cleavage of VEGF impacts vessel size, vascular density, and vascular branching. MMP-cleaved VEGF is less able to support tumor growth than MMP-resistant VEGF. MMP-cleaved VEGF induces capillary hyperplasia in existent vessels, but induces a poor angiogenic response. In contrast, MMP-resistant VEGF supports robust growth of thin vessels with frequent branching points. In addition, this form is conducive to metastatic events in cell lines that normally do not metastasize. These findings reveal a novel mode of regulation of VEGF that impacts all spliced forms and have modulatory effects in tumor growth and vessel morphogenesis. Cancer; Prostate Gland 20050010351 State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY USA Prostate Cancer Mortality in Puerto Rican Men: The Effect of Body Habitus and Physical Activity Crespo, Carlos J., ; Feb. 2004; 46 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0252 Report No.(s): AD-A428041; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Prostate cancer kills more Puerto Rican men than cancer of the lung, trachea, and bronchus. Physical activity has an inconsistent relationship with prostate cancer. It is not clear what the relationship between body hapitus and physical activity is among non-whites population. The underlying hypothesis of the epidemiological research is that excess body adiposity and sedentary lifestyles are independent risk factors for prostate cancer mortality in Puerto Rican men. The specific aims of this proposal are (1) investigate the association between anthropometric measurements or changes in body weight and prostate cancer mortality, and (2) to study the relationship between physical activity and prostate cancer mortality. This study uses an observational longitudinal design with a random sample of 9,824 Puerto Rican men aged 35-79 years at baseline (1964 who 99

were part of the Puerto Rico Heart Health Program (PRHHP). Using a survival analysis approach and a total follow-up time of approximately 35 years, we plan to examine the relationship of the above risk factors with prostate cancer mortality. There continue to be health disparities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality in minorities and our findings will improve our knowledge of the relationship between prostate cancer and other lifestyles. Cancer; Mortality; Prostate Gland 20050010354 National Cancer Inst., Bethesda, MD USA Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial Gulley, James, ; Dahut, William, ; Arlen, Philip M., ; Tsang, Kwong, ; Schlom, Jeffrey, ; Apr. 2003; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIPR-2ECJCN2081 Report No.(s): AD-A428064; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Cancer vaccines may improve outcomes by inducing an immune response to tumor antigens. This randomized, phase II clinical trial was designed to determine if a PSA-based vaccine could induce a specific immune response when combined with radiotherapy in patients with localized prostate cancer. The primary endpoint is to identify any immunological response to PSA by monitoring T-cell frequencies using the ELISPOT assay. 29 patients have been randomized into vaccine or no vaccine arms both receive standard radiotherapy. The vaccine patients receive recombinant vaccinia PSA and B7.l followed by monthly boosters with fowlpox PSA, as well as GM-CSF and IL-2. No unexpected or severe toxicities have been seen. 11 patients in the vaccine arm have been tested via ELISPOT. 6 showed at leasta3foldincreaseinpsa-specific T-cells. None of the 6 tested in the no vaccine arm had an increase. The number of circulating PSA-specific T-cells temporarily decreased following radiotherapy, then returned within 2 months. This may indicate specific cellular trafficking to the prostate. Overall, the PSA-vaccine appears to be well-tolerated and able to produce substantial immune responses, as determined by the ELISPOT assay. It can be safely and, in terms of immune response, effectively combined with local radiotherapy. Cancer; Lymphocytes; Patients; Prostate Gland; Radiation Therapy; Vaccines 20050010355 Scripps Research Inst., La Jolla, CA USA Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR-Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells Lee, Jiing-Dwan, ; Feb. 2004; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0136 Report No.(s): AD-A428070; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase is dysfunctional in a wide range of solid human tumors including prostate carcinomas. The EGFR gene product is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the epidermal growth factor receptor family and its cytoplasmic domain is responsible for sending the mitogenic signals into cells. We discovered that this domain of EGFR interacts with Tid1 protein, a human counterpart of Drosophila tumor suppressor Tid56. Tid56 null mutation causes lethal tumorigenesis during larvae stage. Tid1 is also known as a cochaperone of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp7O) and binds to Hsp7O through its conserved DnaJ-domain. We found that increased expression of Tid1 in human carcinoma attenuates the EGFR-dependent oncogenic ERKl/2 and BMKl signaling pathways. Importantly, the functional DnaJ-domain of Tid1 is required for consequent suppression of oncogenic signaling of carcinoma cells resulting from increased Tid1 expression. Together, these results suggest that Tid1 deterring uncontrolled proliferation of carcinoma cells through reducing the downregulating the cancerous signaling from EGFR. Moreover, the cochaperonic and regulatory function of Tid1 on Hsp7O most likely play an essential role of this anti- proliferation function of Tid1 in carcinoma cells. Cancer; Carcinogens; Prostate Gland; Tumors; Viruses 20050010360 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men Sarma, Aruna, ; May 2004; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0270 Report No.(s): AD-A428085; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy African American men are at greater risk for both developing and dying from prostate cancer compared to white men. The reason for this disparity is likely due to a number of factors including environmental exposures and genetic factors. The 100

Flint Men s Health Study (FMHS) was established in 1995 as a population-based case-control study of African American men aged 40-79 residing in Genesee County, Michigan. The initial sample consisted of 730 men who completed an extensive in-home interview consisting of potential risk factors for prostate cancer; medical history; and demographic information. From this initial cohort, 431 men provided a blood sample and 369 men who were determined to be free of cancer completed a comprehensive urologic examination. Additionally, 119 cases of prostate cancer have been identified from the same study population. Studies have suggested a role for hormones and genetics in prostate cancer incidence. However, these studies have been completed in white populations and results have been conflicting. The objective of this study is to use a set of previously collected serum and DNA samples from a population-based study of African American men to more clearly delineate the potential role(s) of selected hormones and growth factors in prostate cancer development. Africa; Cancer; Genetics; Hormones; Human Beings; Males; Prostate Gland; Risk 20050010361 Georgetown Univ., Washington, DC USA CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance Gomez, Bianca P., ; Clarke, Robert, ; May 2004; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0389 Report No.(s): AD-A428088; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy HXBP-1, a basic leucine zipper protein (bzip), is transcription factor that belongs to the activating transcription factor/camp response element-binding protein (ATFICRE) family of transcription factors and can bind to and activate the cyclic AMP response elements (CREs). In our previous studies, serial analysis of gene expression has shown that hxbp-1 may contribute to antiestrogen resistance in human breast cancer cells. In antiestrogen resistant cells CRE-regulated transcription (promoter-reporter assay) activity is increased 4-fold. Thus, the purpose of our experiments is to determine whether hxbp-1/cre contribute to antiestrogen resistance by over-expressing hxbp-1 in cell lines that are sensitive to antiestrogen. MCF7 cells were transfected with hxbp-1 CDNA. Western blotting showed increased expression in transfectants; activity of this protein was confirmed in a promoter - reporter assay measuring luciferase activity as an indicator of CRE activation. Preliminary data show that MCF7 cells over-expressing hxbp-1, when exposed to antiestrogens such as 4-hydroxy-Tamoxifen and ICI 182, 780, are able to survive the growth inhibitory effects of these antiestrogens when compared to the parental MCF7 cells. Similar observations were observed when both cell types were grown in media devoid of estrogen (E2). Breast; Cancer; Estrogens; Mammary Glands 20050010362 Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN USA Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms Shrubsole, Martha J., ; Jun. 2004; 34 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0606 Report No.(s): AD-A428089; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The purpose is training in nutritional and molecular epidemiology to establish an independent investigator. The major hypothesis is that high folate intake is associated with a decreased breast cancer risk particularly among those with MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR polymorphisms. The specific aims are 1) methodological training in the analysis of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions by studying folate intake and metabolic gene polymorphisms in a population-based breast cancer case-control study, 2) training in cohort study methodology through designing and implementing a newly proposed nested case-control study of breast cancer to examine dietary and plasma folate, and metabolic gene polymorphisms, 3) nutrition and cancer biology coursework 4) field work of a breast cancer case-control study and 5) development of a grant proposal examining folate, global DNA methylation and uracil misincorporation in breast cancer risk. To date, the major results are the MTHFR 677TT genotype and low folate intake is associated with an increased risk of breast compared to high intake and the 677CC genotype. We also found 677CC was associated with poorer survival from breast cancer among women with late-stage disease who had survived at least one year post-diagnosis. The investigator has also completed coursework, training in methodology, and field work experience. Blood; Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metabolism; Polymorphism 101

20050010364 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California Lurie, Nicole, ; Valdez, Robert O., ; Wasserman, Jeffrey, ; Stoto, Michael A., ; Myers, Sarah, ; Jan. 2004; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428097; RAND/RB-9080; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy The level of bioterrorism preparedness across California s jurisdictions is uneven, ranging from excellent to poor. There are wide variations in every aspect of preparedness strategy, development, and implementation. The system suffers from inefficiency and waste. Strong leadership will be required to develop a shared understanding of public health organization and responsibilities. Public Health 20050010374 Baylor Coll. of Medicine, Houston, TX USA Synthesis and Activity of Oxygen-Carrying Heme Peptides Atassi, M. Z., ; Nov. 2004; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-00-1-0452 Report No.(s): AD-A428126; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy Development of effective resuscitation agents for blood-loss replacement in trauma or surgery is extremely important. We synthesized 15 peptides (test peptides) that were designed on the basis that the heme group in myoglobin (Mb) and hemoglobin (Hb) is sandwiched between helices E and F. The abilities of the test peptides and 6 control peptides to form stable complexes with heme were investigated. None of the controls bound heme. However each of the test peptides was able to form 1:1 coordinate complexes with heme, which were stable to manipulation and behaved as a single molecular species. The reduced peptide-heme complexes bound oxygen and gave visible spectra that were typical of oxygenated heme-proteins The heme-peptides gave hyperbolic oxygen- saturation curves, but showed slightly different P5O values. They were administered into mice, either as emulsions in adjuvant or intravenously in PBS. Injection with adjuvant stimulated antipeptide antibody responses, which bound to the correlate protein (Mb or Hb). But the peptides were non-immunogenic when administered intravenously in PBS. Oxygen; Peptides 20050010376 California Univ., Irvine, CA USA Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer Muftuler, L. T., ; Jun. 2004; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0326 Report No.(s): AD-A428129; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In screening of breast cancer, once abnormalities or lesions are discovered by the X-ray mammogram, generally, other imaging techniques are needed as an adjunct to diagnose the lesion as benign or malignant. It has been shown that cancer cells exhibit altered local electrical impedance. However, existing technology to measure the impedance of the breast has poor spatial resolution. We proposed to map the tissue impedance distribution with high spatial resolution, in conjunction with MH to improve diagnostic accuracy of screening. During the second year of this project, we improved the quality of conductivity images and conducted in vivo experiments. Several issues such as non-linearity in conductivity image reconstruction, out of slice effects were investigated. Improved reconstruction methods were studied. Multi-slice capability is added to the pulse sequence and various approaches were tested. Although it was not originally in the project proposal, we started collecting Contrast Enhanced MRI images to localize the tumor better. A serious malfanction in the MRI receiver unit caused a delay of more than six months. A no-cost extension was requested to collect more conductivity images from animals and complete this project successfally. Another conference manuscript was prepared and presented and a journal article was submitted. Breast; Cancer; Electrical Impedance; Mammary Glands; Tomography 20050010377 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers Gery, Sigal, ; Mar. 2004; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0031 Report No.(s): AD-A428131; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 102

TMEFF2 is a novel transmembrane protein-containing two follistatin domains and an epidermal growth factor-like motif-that is mainly expressed in the prostate and brain. TMEFF2 is highly expressed in the AD prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, and is controlled by androgen. TMEFF2 is also upregulated by estrogen in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Ectopic expression of TMEFF2 can inhibit prostate cancer cell growth. I cloned the 5 - flanking region of the human TMEFF2 gene and using a luciferase reporter assay showed that it contains a functional promoter. The O.7-kb region upstream to the TMEFF2 transcription start site encompasses the minimal promoter required for TMEFF2 expression. Sequence analysis of the TMEFF2 promoter revealed potential binding sites for several transcription factors including Sp1 and an E-box that could be recognized by c-myc. An inverse correlation between TMEFF2 and c-myc expression was found in CWR22 prostate xenografts. Reporter gene and mobility shift assays demonstrated that c-myc could repress TMEFF2 gene expression through its cognate site. In light of the probable role of TMEFF2 in inhibiting cell growth, its suppression may contribute to the oncogenic properties of c-myc. Cancer; Genes; Hormones; Males; Prostate Gland; Proteins 20050010383 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer Lu, Yongjian, ; Malejka-Giganti, Danuta, ; Jul. 2004; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0332 Report No.(s): AD-A428161; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The effects of long-term treatment with indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and/or tamoxifen (TAM) on caspase activities in mammary glands and tumors were examined. Both controls and DMBA-pretreated rats were treated 3 doses per week, up to 52 doses, with (1) Vehicle, (2) TAM (10 microng per rat), (3) I3C (250 mg/ kg) and (4) TAM+I3C, respectively. Rats were sacrificed at selected intervals for mammary glands and tumors. Colorimetric caspase assay shows that in normal mammary glands, I3C increased caspase activities earlier than TAM, and TAM+I3C treatment induced additive levels of caspase activity only at an early treatment phase. At the late treatment stage, TAM reached its greatest induction of caspase activities, and induced caspase activities 3%4-fold greater than TAM+I3C. I3C induced significantly greater caspase activities in mammary glands of tumor-free DMBA-treated rats than of tumor-bearing rats. None of the treatments significantly induced caspase activities in mammary tumors. 3,3 -diindolylmethane (DIM) failed to induce greater caspase activities in a short-term treatment than vehicle. The data suggest that I3C might be prophylactic before mammary tumors develop but it is not a promising adjuvant agent with TAM in induction of caspase activities in mammary tumors. DIM may not be the active form of I3C in the induction of apoptotic activities by a short-term treatment. Apoptosis; Breast; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Drugs; Genes; Mammary Glands; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism 20050010384 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Barcellos-Hoff, Mary H., ; Jul. 2004; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0437 Report No.(s): AD-A428163; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Genomic instability, evidence by non-clonal chromosomal abnormalities, delayed death, and increased recombination, is increased in the progeny of irradiated cells. We have -shown that radiation exposed non-malignant human mammary epithelial cells undergo aberrant acinar morphogenesis when suspended in a basement membrane type matrix. The loss of cell-cell adhesion, down-regulation of E-cadherin and gap junctions, and perturbed integrin expression shown by irradiated cells is consistent with neoplastic progression. In the current proposal, we wish to test the hypothesis that persistent disruption of extracellular signaling in irradiated cells promotes genomic instability. We will measure centrosomes, chromosome number and aneuploidy in the daughters of irradiated cells, determine the dose dependence, and how transforming growth factor beta, which augments the morphogenic disruption, affects genomic instability. We will also test if the radiation phenotype can be transmitted to unirradiated cells and whether its prevalence in irradiated cells is epigenetic in nature. These exploratory studies will define non- mutational mechanisms by which ionizing radiation, a known carcinogen of human breast, affects carcinogenesis. Carcinogens; Epithelium; Ionizing Radiation; Irradiation; Mammary Glands; Perturbation 103

20050010386 Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT USA Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound Piao, Daqing, ; Zhu, Qing, ; Jul. 2004; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-02-1-0358 Report No.(s): AD-A428189; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Oxygen has significant impact on cancer treatment. Our hypothesis was: (a) Tumor blood vessels were leaky and therefore acoustic vibration can be used to modulate the leaky vessels and induce oxygenation changes; (b) The oxygenation changes can be detected by optical measurements. Preliminary studies with 5 tumor-bearing rats demonstrate that ultrasonic vibrations can either generate significant effects (early stage tumors) on optical measurements or no effects on optical measurements (late stage tumors). In the past year, the PI has devoted his efforts on quantify both acoustic vibration and optical measurement of oxygenation: (1) Optimization of ultrasound system for quantification of mechanical stress generated by the ultrasound vibration (in task 2); (2) Optimization of optical wavelength selection for in vivo oxygenation estimation (in tasks 1 and 3). Blood Vessels; Cancer; Optical Properties; Oxygen; Oxygenation; Ultrasonics 20050010387 Colorado Univ., Aurora, CO USA Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research Edwards, Dean P., ; Jul. 2004; 22 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0474 Report No.(s): AD-A428190; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The training program is designed to graduate well-qualified and highly motivated scientists who will make a career in the breast cancer research field and who will have a strong potential for contributing new research approaches to the breast cancer problem. The students accepted into the program have already entered into different Ph.D. degree granting programs that each have their own guidelines, curriculums, and requirements. The curriculum of the Breast Cancer Training Program extends beyond that of the normal Ph.D. requirements to include didactic classroom teaching, journal clubs, seminars, workshops and mini-symposiums on relevant topics in breast cancer. Additionally, the program provides extensive one-on-one laboratory training in breast cancer research that is committed to the discovery of new fundamentals about the biology of breast cancer and its eventual treatment. The faculty who serve as research mentors have established records of successful training of Ph.D. and M.D./Ph.D. students. Apoptosis; Breast; Cancer; Education; Mammary Glands; Medical Science; Physicians; Students 20050010388 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis Lakins, Johnathon, ; Weaver, Valerie M., ; Jul. 2004; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0367 Report No.(s): AD-A428191; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 21 CLASSICAL PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASES (PTPs) were identified in human mammary epithelial cell (MEC) lines. Degenerate RT-PCR followed by restriction fragment differential display (RFDD) and specific RT-PCR were used to assess expression in the continuous HMT-3522 cell series that includes both non-malignant Si and tumorigenic T4-2 cells in monolayer and during normal and dysregulated morphogenesis in EHS-ECM (Matrigel). PTP expression was generally higher in tumorigenic T4-2 cells and unchanged by disorganized growth in Matigel. in contrast, coordination of expression was suggested by the transient upregulation (relative to monolayer cultures) of a number of PTPs during acinar morphogenesis of non-malignant Si. The kinetics of downregulation for some suggested that growth arrest may be the main regulatory input. Others however, downregulate with more rapid kinetics before significant growth arrest suggesting different regulatory inputs. Feedback from of cell-cell adherens junctions (AJ) may be one such input as ectopic expression of a dominant negative E-cadherin construct that blocks AJ formation delayed but did not prevent downregulation of selected PTPs. Modest upregulation of actin cytoskeleton regulating PTPs in response to decreases in substrate compliancy occur when normal MCF10A were plated on (^1 order of magnitude) softer (tissue-like) Matrigel coupled polyacrylamide gels suggesting that these PTPs may be responding to, or mediating corresponding actin cytoskeletal reaorganization. PTPN12 is a cytoplasmic PTP highly expressed in MECs that localizes transiently to actin polymerizing zones including lamellopodial leading edges and the metaphase mitotic spindle and plasma membrane. Stable downregulation of PTPN12 by retroviral 104

mediated shrnai resulted in derangements of the actin cytoskeleton in MCF10A cells. These cells grew more rapidly and formed larger but normally polarized acini in Matrigel. Adhesion; Breast; Cancer; Epithelium; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Proteins; Tyrosine 20050010389 Dana Farber Cancer Inst., Boston, MA USA Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer Hestermann, Eli, ; Brown, Myles A., ; Jul. 2004; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-01-1-0222 Report No.(s): AD-A428192; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Estrogen plays a critical role in the development and progression of breast cancer. The biological activities of estrogen are mediated by estrogen receptors (ER). In addition, a large number of proteins termed cofactors are involved in ER signaling. Therapeutic agents, such as tamoxifen, also bind ER, but block proliferation in breast cells. However, tamoxifen increases the risk of endometrial cancer. We have used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to investigate cofactor involvement in ER signaling in vivo and to understand the mechanisms underlying the different actions of tamoxifen in breast and endometrial cells. We have found that differences in cofactor expression underlie tissue-specific effects of tamoxifen. Chip, in combination with tiled arrays of individual chromosomes, has been used to identify distant ER-binding sequences that regulate gene expression. Gene expression profiling has been used to identify differential regulation of ER targets in breast and endometrial cells, and these targets have been evaluated for their ability to regulate cell proliferation. The detailed understanding of tissue and ligand-dependent changes in gene expression gained through these studies will lead to more effective therapies for ER-dependent breast cancer. Breast; Cancer; Estrogens; Mammary Glands 20050010390 Sloan-Kettering Inst. for Cancer Research, New York, NY USA Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines Dudkin, Vadim, ; Danishefsky, Samuel J., ; Jun. 2004; 23 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0443 Report No.(s): AD-A428193; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The goal of developing methodology for the synthesis of carbohydrate antigens has been accomplished on the example of HIV antigens. The goal of developing methodology for incorporation of carbohydrates onto a peptidic backbone and construction of a unimolecular vaccine candidate has been accomplished. The divalent antigen structure was shown to be crucial for binding to an anti HIV antibody 2G12. The synthesis of cancer specific carbohydrate antigens and the work on construction of unimolecular anticancer vaccine are currently in progress. Antigens; Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Synthesis (Chemistry); Vaccines; Viruses 20050010391 Moffitt (H. Lee) Cancer Research Inst., Tampa, FL USA Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram Li, Lihua, ; Apr. 2004; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0212 Report No.(s): AD-A428194; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This project is to explore an innovative CAD strategy for improving early detection of breast cancer in screening mammograms by focusing on computerized analysis and detection of cancers missed by radiologists. The research scope in past year is on database generation and analysis of missed cancers. Several major progresses have been made including (1) By reviewing more than 1334 cases, a total of 83 missed cancer cases were collected which were used to generate three different datasets including mammograms with missed cancer, mammograms with screening-detected cancer and normal mammograms. (2) Regions-of-interest (ROIs) containing a detected or a missed cancer were extracted, and a ground truth was generated by an experienced radiologist for feature extraction and analysis purpose. (3) With the datasets and the ground truth, a variety of computerized features were extracted and analyzed to explore the difference of detected and missed cancer cases. A set of tests was applied to the extracted features individually from which the significant features distinguishing the missed 105

cancer from detected ones could be identified and applied potentially to the CAD design in next steps. Breast; Cancer; Computer Techniques; Diagnosis; Mammary Glands 20050010392 Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN USA EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast Truica, Christina I., ; Apr. 2004; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0217 Report No.(s): AD-A428195; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy We proposed a clinical trial to study the modulation of %the EGFR pathway in DCIS. Eligible patients have either a mammogram highly suspicious for DCIS or a recent diagnosis of DCIS through a core biopsy. Subsequently, patients whose DCIS expresses EGFR are randomized to receive an EGFR inhibitor (Iressa) or placebo for 3 weeks prior to surgery. The protocol was generated, approved by the IRB and an efficient system for specimen collection was implemented. Since EGFR expression was a crucial requirement to enter the study we developed the immunohistochemical assay for the detection of the EGFR and P-EGFR proteins. We conducted an IRB- approved, retrospective study of DCIS cases diagnosed by core biopsy at our institution. A total of 42 cases were studied for EGFR and P-EGFR. We showed that EGFR expression is present in 18.6% of DCIS and correlates with high grade. P-EGFR expression was low at 7%. We also conducted a retrospective study using paraffin embedded tissues. 50 cases of DCIS were obtained from the Cooperative Breast Cancer Tissue Resource (CBCTR). IHC studies were performed for EGFR, P-EGFR, Ki67, p27, P-ERK, P-AKT. We confirmed that the rate of EGFR positivity in DCIS is 20%. P-EGFR expression was 5%. Breast; Cancer; Epidermis; Mammary Glands; Modulation 20050010393 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race-Ethnicity Ross, Ronald K., ; May 2004; 232 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-00-1-0102 Report No.(s): AD-A428196; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A11, Hardcopy This final progress report covers the activities of three projects and one core resource. We provide the required reporting elements for each of these individuals. The following summarizes the key accomplishments from this award (DAMDl7-00- l-0102). We demonstrated in Project A that somatic mutations of the SRD5A2 gene are fairly common; some are recurrent and based on in vitro functional studies, dramatically change enzymatic kinetics. We demonstrated in Project B that somatic mutations in the AR gene are extremely rare across all racial-ethnic groups prior to hormonal ablation therapy. We then proceeded to contribute substantially to understanding the molecular biology of AR signaling in the prostate through a series of publications. In Project C we completed immunohistochemical analyses on a series of molecular markers (p2 1, COX-2, caveolin- 1, URP78) of prostate cancer progression on a population-based multiracial-ethnic sample of patients - statistical analysis are ongoing. In our Epidemiology Core, we collected and processed 522 prostate cancer tissue samples from a multiethnic cohort. This tissue bank (to our knowledge the largest of its kind in a multiethnic context) will be an extremely valuable resource for additional planned analyses. Cancer; Ethnic Factors; Prostate Gland 20050010397 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 Johnson, David E., ; Cecchine, Gary, ; Jan. 2004; 116 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0003 Report No.(s): AD-A428212; RAND/MG-103-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy The Army is in the process of transforming itself and is developing new operational concepts and technologies to enable this transformation. The Army Medical Department (AMEDD) has been deeply involved in the overall Army transformation effort since its inception, and it has identified operational medicine issues whose resolution will be critical to its ability to support the Army of the future. The purpose of this research was to develop a method to assess these issues and further investigate a subset of them. Rand Arroyo Center designed and conducted the Army Medical Department Transformation 106

Workshops (ATW) held in April, August, and November 2002. The purpose of the workshops was to initiate an assessment of the medical risks associated with emerging Army operational concepts and the capacity of AMEDD to mitigate these risks. Medical risk is defined generally as the number, severity, and fate of casualties incurred. The workshops examined combat operations of a notional future force, each supported by a different health service support (HSS) structure. Eight hours of simulated combat provided the context for the workshops, generating casualty data to support the analysis of the HSS structure. AMEDD experts determined likely outcomes for individual casualties resulting from the Army simulation of its 2015 future force. It was concluded that, in this particular simulation, the structure and concepts postulated for the evacuation and treatment of future force combat casualties were overwhelmed by 8 hours of relatively low-intensity combat. This report describes the development of issues that provided a basis for the workshops, workshop organization, the composition of the various teams and cells, objectives and issues, the scenario used, and the analysis methodology employed. Finally, the report provides results and observations. (3 tables, 2 figures) Assessments; Combat; Conservation; Health; Medical Services; Risk; Support Systems 20050010399 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life Schoenbaum, Michael, ; Wynn, Barbara, ; Tanielian, Terri, ; Harris, Katherine, ; Labor, Renee, ; Jan. 2004; 86 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004; ND100 9D23 Report No.(s): AD-A428225; RAND/TR-118-OSD; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy The National Defense ization Act (NDAA) for fiscal year (FY) 2001 made sweeping changes to the way that health care furnished by civilian providers to Medicare-eligible military retirees is financed. The law directed the Department of Defense (DoD) to implement what is now commonly referred to as TRICARE for Life (TFL). As of October 1, 2001, TFL provides TRICARE as supplemental health insurance for all Medicare-eligible military retirees age 65 or older who are enrolled in Medicare Part B. As of 2003, approximately 1.6 mil-lion military retirees are eligible for TFL. In general, TRICARE for Life covers all cost-sharing for Medicare-covered services and standard TRICARE cost-sharing for services that are covered by TRICARE but not by Medicare. Thus, TFL provides Medicare-eligible military retirees with one of the most comprehensive health insurance benefit packages in the USA. Health; Medical Services; Military Operations 52 AEROSPACE MEDICINE Includes the biological and physiological effects of atmospheric and space flight (weightlessness, space radiation, acceleration, and altitude stress) on the human being; and the prevention of adverse effects on those environments. For psychological and behavioral effects of aerospace environments, see 53 Behavioral Sciences. For the effects of space on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences. 20050010191 Naval Submarine Medical Research Lab., Groton, CT USA Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options Watenpaugh, Donald E., ; Quatroche, Anthony J., ; Bertoline, Joseph, ; Fothergill, David M., ; Aug. 2004; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427548; NSMRL-TR-1237; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Substantial scientific evidence supports the potential benefits of exercise for submariners: regular exercise improves many human functions that directly apply to submarine operations. These benefits include improved alertness, cognitive function, immune function, weight control, strength and fitness (for damage control, etc.), mood state, responses to stress, sleep quality, and quality of life. However, most submariners do not exercise during deployment for a variety of reasons, including lack of space, time limitations, equipment limitations, lack of entertainment or recreational value associated with exercise, low oxygen levels, high carbon dioxide levels, and hygiene challenges. A need exists to significantly improve participation in and effectiveness of exercise for submariners, in part by increasing the variety and effectiveness of available exercise options, and also by making exercise on submarines more enjoyable. Submarine Fitness Coordinators report that equipment limitations constitute one of the most important and addressable problems. Fitness Coordinators and the authors identified the following desirable exercise device characteristics: effective, durable, safe, quiet, small, fun, easy and convenient to use, and not unduly expensive. Several existing and emerging exercise technologies exist to improve upon those currently in use aboard 107

submarines. Integration of virtual environments with exercise hardware represents one of the most interesting and promising emerging technologies. Improving exercise capabilities for submariners also augments the means and ability for special operations units deployed aboard submarines to maintain fitness. Cognition; Health; Personnel; Physical Exercise; Submarines 20050010208 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners Osborn, Christopher M., ; Sep. 2004; 99 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427686; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () A need exists within the U.S. submarine force to employ an operational schedule that provides more sleep and that is in better alignment with human circadian rhythms, thus improving cognitive effectiveness. This study compares an experimental watchstanding schedule derived at Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory (NSMRL) with the schedule currently used onboard the submarine USS HENRY M. JACKSON (SSBN 730 GOLD). As part of the final stage of a larger effort, it is designed to determine if the new watchstanding schedule can significantly improve circadian physiology performance and submariner perceptions of their ability to perform their jobs while on board operational submarines. NSMRL s three-part project was designed to study the following: (1) approximately 350 surveys that assessed sleep quality and fatigue on active duty submariners, (2) a laboratory analysis of three separate and distinct watchstanding schedules on submariner physiology and performance, and (3) at-sea trials in support of laboratory findings. The study reviews pertinent literature on sleep deprivation and shift work to emphasize important concepts needed to make schedule comparisons. Results of this study demonstrate that there were no significant improvements in either cognitive effectiveness or daily sleep while on the new schedule. Also, a majority of the crew members did not like the new schedule, which attempted to compress watch periods together to widen periods for contiguous sleep. These results, taken together, demonstrate that the new schedule is not compatible with an operational submarine environment. Recommendations address the need for the U.S. submarine force to continue to pursue a watchstanding schedule that provides better sleep while still accommodating operational constraints. Recommendations also address improvements in experiment implementation that can be integrated into future studies. (13 tables, 23 figures, 32 refs.) Cognition; Personnel; Physiological Effects; Schedules; Scheduling; Sleep Deprivation 53 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Includes psychological factors; individual and group behavior; crew training and evaluation; and psychiatric research. 20050010069 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts Mogford, Richard; Kopardekar, Parimal; [2001]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The document is a set of briefing slides summarizing the work the Advanced Air Transportation Technologies (AATT) Project is doing on predicting air traffic controller and airline pilot human error when using new decision support software tools and when involved in testing new air traffic control concepts. Previous work in this area is reviewed as well as research being done jointly with the FAA. Plans for error prediction work in the AATT Project are discussed. The audience is human factors researchers and aviation psychologists from government and industry. Aircraft Pilots; Pilot Performance; Pilot Error; Air Traffıc Control 54 MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT Includes human factors engineering, bionics, man-machine systems, life support, space suits and protective clothing. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 52 Aerospace Medicine. 20050001344 Porto Univ., Portugal Face Pattern Detection Moutinho, Adriano; Thome, Antonio Carlos; Neto, Luiz Biondi; HenriqueGolveaCoelho, Pedro; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 55; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 108

Security systems based on face recognition often have to deal with the problem of finding and segmenting the region of the face, containing nose, mouth and eyes, from the rest of the objects in the image. Finding the right position of a face is a part of any automatic identity recognition system, and it is, by itself, a very complex problem to solve, normally being handled separately. This paper describes an approach, using artificial neural networks (ANN), to find the correct position and separate the face from the background. In order to accomplish this goal, a windowing method was created and combined with several image pre-processing steps, from histogram equalization to illumination correction, as an attempt to improve neural network recognition capability. This paper also proposes methods to segment facial features such as mouth, nose and eyes. Finally, the system is tested using 400 images and the performance of face and facial features segmentation is presented. Face (Anatomy); Anthropometry; Pattern Recognition 20050010373 Task Consulting, Dayton, OH USA Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors Pinkus, Alan R., ; Task, Harry L., ; Hausmann, Martha A., ; Barbato, Maryann H., ; Goodyear, Charles D., ; Aug. 2004; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-7184 Report No.(s): AD-A428125; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2004-0118; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This study was undertaken to determine the utility of a dynamic visual acuity assessment methodology for examining the effects of looking through a transparent component on visual performance. The different types of transparent components that can be investigated using this methodology include, but are not limited to, night vision goggles, tinted visors, laser eye protection spectacles, and aircraft windscreens. Transparency attributes that can be investigated include transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient, glare, light level, target contrast, target type, resolution, spectral transmission, haze, scratches, and distortion. The visual task may be a target detection or a target recognition type of task, performed with or without search. The methodology used in this study consists of smoothly and continuously decreasing the distance between the observer and a visual test target, until the observer can accurately perform the required visual task. In this study, the observer was required to visually search and detect a circular black dot in a quadrant, while viewing through a tinted visor. The lighting conditions were not at a level for which the tinted visor was intended to be used, so it was expected that the visor would reduce visual acuity instead of aiding visual performance, as it normally would be expected to do. The objective of the study was to determine the 95% reproducibility limit for the methodology. This limit was found to be on the order of 10% to 15%, which is quite good for an assessment of this type that involves human observers performing a visual task over an extended period. The methodology appears to be viable. Visors; Visual Acuity 20050010375 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator Campbell, Lee E., ; Lins, Raymond R., ; Pappas, Alex G., ; Seiple, Adam D., ; Jul. 2004; 28 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428128; ECBC-TR-389; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Results of performance testing of the CB4O CNR Air Purifying Full Face Respirator are described. Three series of tests were performed: (1) breakthrough time determinations of cartridges/canisters against sarin (GB), (2) GB vapor breakthrough determination of entire system using manikin headform and simulated breathing, and (3) corn-oil protection factor determinations of system using human subjects. Results indicate that canisters provide adequate resistance to GB breakthrough against high-concentration challenges, and that corn oil aerosol and high-concentration GB vapor penetration into the breathing zone of the respirator occur at acceptable levels. Corn; Masks; Oils; Protection; Respirators; Vapors 109

55 EXOBIOLOGY Includes astrobiology; planetary biology; and extraterrestrial life. For the biological effects of aerospace environments on humans see 52 Aerospace Medicine; on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences. For psychological and behavioral effects of aerospace environments see 53 Behavioral Sciences. 20050009914 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration Spearing, Scott F.; Jenkins, Andy; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Conference on Micro-Nano-Technologies for Aerospace Applications, 30 Oct. - 5 Nov. 2004, Monterey, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-00187; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only At Marshall Space Flight Center we have established a capability to investigate the use of microfluidics for space flight. The Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD) team has created a program for advancing Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of 1 and 2 to TRL 6 and 7, quickly and economically for Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) applications. Scientists and engineers can utilize LOCAD S process to efficiently learn about microfluidics and determine if microfluidics is applicable to their needs. Once the applicability has been determined, LOCAD can then perform tests to develop the new fluidic protocols which are different from macro-scale chemical reaction protocols. With this information new micro-fluidic devices can be created and tested. Currently, LOCAD is focused on using microfluidics for both Environmental Monitoring & Control, and Medical Systems. Eventually, handheld portable units utilizing LOC technology will perform rapid tests to determine water quality, and microbial contamination levels. Since LOC technology is drastically reduced in physical size, it thereby reduces power, weight, volume, and sample requirements, a big advantage considering the resource constraints associated with spaceflight. Another one of LOCAD s current activities is the development of a microfluidic system to aid in the search for life on Mars. Microfluidic Devices; Environmental Monitoring; Computer Programs; Microorganisms 20050010077 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept Sandford, Scott A.; September 13, 2004; 1 pp.; In English; 205th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, 9-13 Jan. 2005, San Diego, Ca, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 090-20-69; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Infrared spectroscopy in the 2.5-16 micron range is a principle means by which organic compounds can be detected and identified in space via their vibrational transitions. Ground-based, airborne, and spaceborne IR spectral studies have already demonstrated that a significant fraction of the carbon in the interstellar medium (ISM) resides in the form of complex organic molecular species. Unfortunately, neither the distribution of these materials nor their genetic and evolutionary relationships with each other or their environments are well understood. The Astrobiology Explorer (ABE) is a MIDEX mission concept currently under study by a team of partners: NASA s Ames Research Center, Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corporation, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. ABE will conduct IR spectroscopic observations to address outstanding important problems in astrobiology, astrochemistry, and astrophysics. The core observational program would make fundamental scientific progress in understanding (1) The evolution of ices and organic matter in dense molecular clouds and young forming stellar systems, (2) The chemical evolution of organic molecules in the ISM as they transition from AGB outflows to planetary nebulae to the general diffuse ISM to HII regions and dense clouds, (3) The distribution of organics in the diffuse ISM, (4) The nature of organics in the Solar System (in comets, asteroids, satellites), and (5) The nature and distribution of organics in local galaxies. The technical considerations of achieving these science objectives in a MIDEX-sized mission will be presented. Infrared Telescopes; Exobiology; Infrared Spectroscopy; Spaceborne Telescopes; Astronomical Spectroscopy 110

59 MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general topics and overviews related to mathematics and computer science. For specific topics in these areas see categories 60 through 67. 20050000003 California Univ., Berkeley, CA Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine Chatterji, S.; Narayanan, M.; Duell, J.; Oliker, L.; 2004; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-825128; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge This work presents two emerging media microprocessors, VIRAM and Imagine, and compares the implementation strategies and performance results of these unique architectures. VIRAM is a complete system on a chip which uses PIM technology to combine vector processing with embedded DRAM. Imagine is a programmable streaming architecture with a specialized memory hierarchy designed for computationally intensive data-parallel codes. First, we present a simple and effective approach for understanding and optimizing vector/stream applications. Performance results are then presented from a number of multimedia benchmarks and a computationally intensive scientific kernel. We explore the complex interact ions between programming paradigms, the architectural support at the ISA lever and the underlying microarchitecture of these two systems. Our long term goal is to evaluate leading media microprocessors as possible building blocks for future high performance systems. NTIS Microprocessors; Performance Tests; Architecture (Computers) 20050000012 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA Illumination Under Trees Max, N.; Aug. 19, 2002; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-15002970; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge This paper is a survey of the author s work on illumination and shadows under trees, including the effects of sky illumination, sun penumbras, scattering in a misty atmosphere below the trees, and multiple scattering and transmission between leaves. It also describes a hierarchical image-based rendering method for trees. NTIS Trees (Plants); Illumination; Shadows 20050000019 President s Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection, Washington, DC, USA Twenty-one Steps to Improve Cyber Security of SCADA Networks 2004; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101721; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) networks contain computers and applications that perform key functions in providing essential services and commodities (e.g., electricity, natural gas, gasoline, water, waste treatment, transportation) to all Americans. As such, they are part of the nations critical infrastructure and require protection from a variety of threats that exist in cyber space today. By allowing the collection and analysis of data and control of equipment such as pumps and valves from remote locations, SCADA networks provide great efficiency and are widely used. However, they also present a security risk. SCADA networks were initially designed to maximize functionality, with little attention paid to security. As a result, performance, reliability, flexibility and safety of distributed control/scada systems are robust, while the security of these systems is often weak. This makes some SCADA networks potentially vulnerable to disruption of service, process redirection, or manipulation of operational data that could result in public safety concerns and/or serious disruptions to the nations critical infrastructure. Action is required by all organizations, government or commercial, to secure their SCADA networks as part of the effort to adequately protect the nations critical infrastructure. NTIS Computer Networks; Active Control; Distributed Parameter Systems 20050000025 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Algorithm for Merging Hyperellipsoidal Clusters Kelly, P. M.; Oct. 1994; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101691; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy 111

This report discusses an algorithm for merging hyperellipsoidal clusters. The effective merging radius between two clusters is introduced, and this measure is used to determine the order in which clusters are combined. We continue to merge clusters until a desired number of clusters is reached, or until the minimum effective merging radius is larger than some predetermined threshold. NTIS Algorithms; Clusters 20050000026 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Training a Sigmoidal Node is Hard Hush, D.; Aug. 1998; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101684; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper shows proves that the task of computing near-optimal weights for sigmoidal nodes under the linear regression norm is NP-Hard. For the special case where the sigmoid is piecewise-linear we prove a lightly stronger result, namely that computing the optimal weights is NP-Hard. These results parallel that for the one-node pattern recognition problem, namely that determining the optimal weights for a threshold logic node is also intractable. Our results have important consequences for constructive algorithms that build a regression model one node at a time. NTIS Algorithms; Mathematical Models; Threshold Logic 20050000027 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection Steinwart, I.; Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Sep. 2004; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101663; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy One way to describe anomalies is by saying that anomalies are not concentrated. This leads to the problem of finding level sets for the data generating density. We interpret this learning problem as a binary classification problem and compare the corresponding classification risk with the standard performance measure for the density level problem. In particular it turns out that the empirical classification risk can serve as an empirical performance measure for the anomaly detection problem. This allows us to compare different anomaly detection algorithms empirically, i.e. with the help of a test set. Based on the above interpretation we then propose a support vector machine (SVM) for anomaly detection. Finally, we establish universal consistency for this SVM and report some experiments which compare our SVM to other commonly used methods including the standard one-class SVM. NTIS Anomalies; Classifications; Detection; Vectors (Mathematics) 20050001324 Porto Univ., Portugal New Energetic Selection Principle in Differential Evolution Feoktistov, Vitaliy; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 71; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm goes back to the class of Evolutionary Algorithms and inherits its philosophy and concept. Possessing only three control parameters (size of population, differentiation and recombination constants) DE has promising characteristics of robustness and convergence. In this paper we introduce a new principle of Energetic Selection. It consists in both decreasing the population size and the computation efforts according to an energetic barrier function which depends on the number of generation. The value of this function acts as an energetic filter, through which can pass only individuals with lower fitness. Furthermore, this approach allows us to initialize a population of a sufficient (large) size. This method leads us to an improvement of algorithm convergence. Algorithms; Robustness (Mathematics); Selection; Computation 20050001327 Porto Univ., Portugal A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning Vento, Mario; DeSanto, Massimo; Colace, Francesco; Foggia, Pasquale; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 64; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The entire world is living a transformation, perhaps the more important of last thirty years. The dissemination of the new 112

technologies of the information is modifying radically the nature of the relationships between countries, markets, persons and culture. The technological revolution has favoured the process of globalization (Internet represents better than every other thing the global village) and the exchange of the information. Today the information can be considered an economic good whose value is closely connected the knowledge that can give. The dynamism of the new society forces the professional man to be abreast of technical progress. It is essential to introduce new didactic methodologies based on continuous long-life learning. A good solution can be E-learning. Although distance education environments are able to provide trainees and instructors with cooperative learning atmosphere, where students can share their experiences and teachers guide them in their learning, some problems must be still solved. One of the most important problems to solve is the correct definition of the domain of knowledge (i.e. ontology) related to the various courses. Often teachers are not able to easily formalize in correct way the reference ontology. On the other hand if we want realize some intelligent tutoring system that can help students and teachers during the learning process starting point is the ontology. In addition, the choice of best contents and information for students is closely connect to the ontology. In this paper, we propose a method for learning ontologies used to model a domain in the field of intelligent e-learning systems. This method is based on the use of the formalism of Bayesian networks for representing ontologies, as well as on the use of a learning algorithm that obtains the corresponding probabilistic model starting from the results of the evaluation tests associated with the didactic contents under examination. Finally, we will present an experimental evaluation of the method using data coming from real courses. Bayes Theorem; Algorithms; Machine Learning; Information Dissemination; Education; Formalism 20050001374 Porto Univ., Portugal Application of Uncertain Variables to Stability Analysis and Stabilization for ABR ATM Congestion Control Systems Turowska, Magdalena; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 62-63; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The paper presents the application of uncertain variables to stability analysis and stabilization of ABR ATM control systems. The unknown parameter is assumed to be a value of uncertain variable described by the certainty distribution given by a expert. The estimation of the certainty index that the congestion control system is stable is presented. A specific stabilization problem is considered. Uncertain Systems; Stability Tests; Control 20050010082 General Services Administration, Washington, DC, USA High Payoff in Electronic Government. Measuring the Return on E-Government Investments May 2003; 70 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101214; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy The Intergovernmental Advisory Board (IAB) undertook this study to identify prime examples of high-payoff electronic government (E-Gov) programs, to share the secrets of their successes, and to determine how they measure the results achieved from investments made. As a new and powerful concept, E-Gov promises many benefits to its government sponsors. It can reduce costs of government operations; open new sources of revenue; attract businesses, tourists and new residents to the area; make it easy for citizens to do business with the government; and reinforce the relationship between the citizen and democratic government. As with any government program, the value of E-Gov is in the benefits it delivers to the public and the new avenues it opens to create value. But E-Gov can be costly, and its value to the public that supports it must be shown. NTIS Information Systems; Commerce; Revenue 20050010083 General Services Administration, Washington, DC, USA Citizens Expections for Electronic Government Services Sep. 2000; 56 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101210; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy The Intergovernmental Advisory Board (IAB), chartered as an advisory board under the Federation of Government Information Processing Councils (FGIPC) in May 1997,was established in recognition of the need for increased intergovernmental collaboration and education.the IAB bridges the gap between Federal, State and local governments and educates IT professionals nationwide on new solutions to intergovernmental challenges. The General Services Administration (GSA) in conjunction with the IAB is publishing this report.all governments are transforming to an electronic government. 113

Some are further along than others are, but all, regardless of rich or poor, urban or rural, believe in the benefits of providing access to information and services electronically. While some governments have taken into consideration some real results based on input from citizens, other governments have not. Many governments have assumed that citizens want 24 hours by seven (7) days access to government services and operate like a business. Citizen expectations will have an overwhelming affect on the success of electronic government NTIS Information Systems; Data Processing; Governments 20050010093 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Shape Descriptor Based on the Line Scan Transform Cannon, M.; Warnock, T.; 2004; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101664; LA-UR-04-5865; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy We present a shape descriptor that uniquely describes an object, is supported in n-dimensional space, and is statistical in nature. The descriptor is based on the line scan transform of Cabo and Baddeley. We show several applications of the descriptor. NTIS Scanning; Transformations (Mathematics); Line Shape 20050010094 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Sparseness of Support Vector Machines Steinwart, I.; Jan. 2003; 28 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101682; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Support vector machines (SVMs) construct decision functions that are linear combinations of kernel evaluations on the training set. The samples with non-vanishing coefficients are called support vectors. In this work we establish lower (asymptotical) bounds on the number of support vectors. On our way we prove several results which are of great importance for the understanding of SVMs. In particular, we describe to which limit SVM decision functions tend, discuss the corresponding notion of convergence and provide some results on the stability of SVMs using subdifferential calculus in the associated reproducing kernel Hilbert space. NTIS Kernel Functions; Machine Learning; Differential Calculus 20050010097 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Extension of a Theorem of Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Aug. 2000; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101680; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Concentration of measure has become an important tool in the probabilistic method applied to discrete mathematics, the probabilistic analysis of algorithms, the analysis of randomized algorithms and machine learning. Techniques for proving concentration of measure include the use of Martingale difference in equalities, Talagrand s induction technique, and Marton s use of information theory. However, recently Ledoux has developed a new technique based on logarithmic Sobolev inequalities. In recent work, Boucheron, Lugosi, and Massart used this technique to obtain general concentration of measure results which apply to configuration functions and combinatorial entropies. In this paper we show how the result of Boucheron, Lugosi, and Massart can be extended to determine concentration of measure for the Rademacher statistic and the error deviance, two important functions used in empirical processes and machine learning, whose concentration has been obtained through application of Martingale difference inequalities. NTIS Machine Learning; Theorems; Information Theory 20050010101 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Simple Classifiers Cannon, A.; Howse, J.; Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Jan. 2003; 38 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101676; LA-UR-03-0193; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this paper we introduce simple classifiers as an example of how to use the data dependent hypothesis class framework in (Cannon, Ettinger, Hush, & Scovel, 2002a) to explore the performance/computation trade--off in the classifier design 114

problem. We demonstrate that simple classifiers have many remarkable properties. For example they possess computationally efficient learning algorithms with favorable bounds on estimation error, admit kernel mappings, are particularly well suited to boosting, and are fully parallelizable. In addition they are robust to the choice of learning problem which we demonstrate with the error minimization, Neyman--Pearson and min--max problems. Our experiments with synthetic and real data suggest that simple classifiers are competitive with powerful alternative methods. NTIS Classifiers; Algorithms; Design Analysis; Computation 20050010102 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Jul. 2001; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101679; LA-UR-00-3800; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper studies the convergence properties of a general class of decomposition algorithms for support vector machines (SVMs). We provide a model algorithm for decomposition, and prove necessary and sufficient conditions for stepwise improvement of this algorithm. We also prove convergence in criterion value for the model algorithm, thereby establishing convergence for many existing SVM algorithms. We introduce a simple rate certifying condition and prove a polynomial-time bound on the rate of convergence of the model algorithm when it satisfies this condition. Although it is not clear that existing SVM algorithms satisfy this condition, we provide a version of the model algorithm that does. NTIS Algorithms; Polynomials; Convergence; Decomposition 20050010103 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Fat-Shattering of Affine Functions Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Feb. 2003; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101675; LA-UR-03-0937; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy We compute the fat-shattering function and the level fat-shattering function for important classes of affine functions. We observe that the level fat-shattering function and the fat-shattering function are identical for these classes. In addition we observe that the notion that adding the constant term to linear functions increases the dimension by at most 1 is incorrect for fat-shattering and level fat-shattering. NTIS Functions (Mathematics); Transformations (Mathematics) 20050010104 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Concentration of the Hypergeometric Distribution Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Mar. 2003; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101674; LA-UR-03-1353; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this paper we provide an improved concentration of measure theorem for the hypergeometric distribution. NTIS Hypergeometric Functions; Theorems 20050010105 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Sparseness of Support Vector Machines-Some Asymptotically Sharp Bounds Steinwart, I.; 2004; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101672; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The decision functions constructed by support vector machines (SVMs) usually depend only on a subset of the training set the so-called support vectors. We derive asymptotically sharp lower and upper bounds on the number of support vectors for several standard types of SVMs. Our results significantly improve recent achievments of the author. NTIS Machine Learning; Pattern Recognition 115

20050010107 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Mar. 2003; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101673; LA-UR-03-2033; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper presents a randomized algorithm called Ratchet that asymptotically minimizes (with probability 1) functions that satisfy a positive-linear-dependent (PLD) property. We establish the PLD property and a corresponding realization of Ratchet for a generalized loss criterion for both linear machines and linear classifiers. We describe several learning criteria that can be obtained as special cases of this generalized loss criterion, e.g. classification error, classification loss and weighted classification error. We also establish the PLD property and a corresponding realization of Ratchet for the Neyman-Pearson criterion for linear classifiers. NTIS Algorithms; Probability Theory; Asymptotes; Linearity 20050010111 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Cannon, M.; Fugate, M.; Jan. 2003; 34 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101667; LA-UR-01-6860; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper introduces a learning problem related to the task of converting printed documents to ASCII text files. The goal of the learning procedure is to produce a function that maps documents to restoration techniques in such a way that on average the restored documents have minimum OCR error. We derive a general form for the optimal function and use it to motivate the development of a nonparametric method based on nearest--neighbors. We also develop a direct method of solution based on empirical error minimization for which we prove a finite sample bound on estimation error that is independent of distribution. We show that this empirical error minimization problem is an extension of the empirical optimization problem for traditional M-class classification with general loss function and prove computational hardness for this problem. We then derive a simple iterative algorithm called Generalized Multi-Class Ratchet ( GMR ) and prove that it produces an optimal function asymptotically (with probability 1). NTIS Algorithms; Classifications; Restoration; Texts 20050010112 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery Fortson, F. L.; Lynch, D.; Newell, J.; 2003; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101668; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this paper, we describe a system implemented to automatically classify and quantitatively measure the extent of a lung disease called Scleroderma using High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) imagery. Scleroderma is a disease characterized by a slowly developing fibrosis in the lungs of its victims. Early diagnosis of the extent of the disease using CT imagery can be especially difficult, as many of its visual features are weak and very subtle. These visual subtleties can lead to differences in analysis between radiologists when gauging the exact extent of the disease. Not having an absolute standard with which to judge the extent of the disease can hinder evaluations on the effectiveness of new treatments applied during the disease s early stages. We have attempted to remove the subjective component by designing a robust system which aids radiologists in measuring the extent of the disease during it s earliest stages. This system employs a bank of 17 Maximum Likelihood classifiers trained on the variety of tissue types typically seen within Scleroderma HRCT imagery. The system also employs several heuristic constraints. These constraints are used to mimic some of the decision making processes that radiologists typically employ during their analysis. Results of this classifier system are demonstrated on a series of HRCT exams of patients in the early stages of the disease. These results were found to compare favorably with physiological tests performed on these patients. This research was done as a collaborative effort between Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the Radiology Department at National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine (NJCIRM). NTIS Classifiers; Diagnosis; Fibrosis; Imagery; Lungs 20050010113 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Steinwart, I.; Jul. 2003; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101666; LA-UR-03-4845; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 116

We introduce a formalism called graphical learning algorithms and use it to produce bounds on error deviance for unstable learning algorithms. This formalism suggests a flexible class of extensions of existing algorithms for which risk can be decomposed into algorithmic model risk plus estimation error in a way that enables bounds on estimation error and analysis of the algorithmic model risk. For example we obtain error deviance bounds for support vector machines (SVMs) with variable offset parameter and estimation error bounds for variations of SVM where the offset parameter is selected to minimize empirical risk. In addition we prove convergence to the Bayes error for variations of SVM that use a universal kernel and choose the regularization parameter to minimize empirical error. We provide experimental results that suggest that these variations may offer advantages over standard SVMs in both computation and generalization performance. NTIS Algorithms; Stability; Error Analysis; Machine Learning 20050010117 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines Scovel, C.; Steinwart, I.; Dec. 2003; 56 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101665; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy We establish learning rates to the Bayes risk for support vector machines with hinge loss (L1-SVMs). Since a theorem of Devroye states that no learning algorithm can learn with a uniform rate to the Bayes risk for all probability distributions we have to restrict the class of considered distributions: in order to obtain fast rates we assume a noise condition recently proposed by Tsybakov and an approximation condition in terms of the distribution and the reproducing kernel Hilbert space used by the L1-SVM. For Gaussian RBF kernels with varying widths we propose a geometric noise assumption on the distribution which ensures the approximation condition. This geometric assumption is not in terms of smoothness but describes the concentration of the marginal distribution near the decision boundary. In particular we are able to describe nontrivial classes of distributions for which L1-SVMs using a Gaussian kernel can learn with almost linear rate. We use various new and recently introduced techniques for establishing our results: the analysis of the estimation error is based on Talagrands concentration inequality and local Rademacher averages. We furthermore developed a shrinking technique which allows us to control the typical size of the norm of the L1-SVM solution. It turns out that the above mentioned approximation assumption has a crucial impact on both the application of Talagrands inequality and the shrinking technique. Moreover, for Gaussian kernels we developed a smoothing technique which allows us to treat the approximation error in a way directly linked to the classi.cation problem. Finally, we prove some new bounds on covering numbers related to Gaussian RBF kernels. NTIS Algorithms; Error Analysis; Probability Distribution Functions; Machine Learning 20050010141 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report Hogden, J.; Nix, D.; Valdez, P.; Nov. 1998; 50 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101690; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The task in speech recognition is to be able to speak into a computer microphone and have the computer type out what was said. While speech recognition systems are commercially available for limited domains, state-of-the-art systems have only about a 60%-65% word recognition rate on casual speech, i.e., telephone conversations. Since speaking rates of 200 words per minute are not uncommon in casual speech, a 60% word recognition accuracy implies approximately 80 errors per minute -- an unacceptably high rate for many applications. Furthermore, recognition performance is not improving rapidly. Improvements in word recognition accuracy of a few percent are considered big improvements, and recognition rates of the best systems on the Switchboard data have been between 64.9% and 61. 2% for three consecutive years, although they have improved from only 52% recognition four years ago. NTIS Pattern Recognition; Computer Programming; Maximum Likelihood Estimates; Speech Recognition 20050010150 Los Alamos National Lab., NM, New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM, USA Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences Valdez, P. F.; Hogden, J. E.; Jordan, R.; 2000; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101689; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy A new approach to the compression of vector quantized (VQ) speech sequences is evaluated. The technique uses a method 117

called maximum likelihood continuity mapping to learn a mapping between ariticulation and speech acoustics. Smooth articulator paths are then derived from VQ codes sequences. The paths are subsequently sampled, quantized, and transmitted along with additional information that allows perfect recovery of the VQ code sequences. A decoder takes the transmitted articulator paths and recovers the correct VQ code sequence for resynthesis of the speech wave- Form. The algorithm has not achieved compression yet, requiring an average of 6.04 bits/frame to transmit a 6 bit VQ code sequence, and 9.96 bits/frame to transmit a 10 bit VQ code sequence. However, modifcations to the algorithm are currently under investigation, and we expect to implement improvements to help us compress VQ code sequences. Results of the improved algorithm will be presented at the conference. NTIS Acoustics; Computer Programming; Mapping; Compressors 20050010151 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection Fugate, M.; Gattiker, J. R.; 2004; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101685; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The paper describes experiences and results applying Support Vector machine (SVM) to a Computer Intrusion Detection (CID) dataset. This is the second stage of work with this dataset, emphasizing incorporation of anomaly detection in the modeling and prediction of cyber-attacks. The SVM method for classification is used as a benchmark method, and the anomaly detection approaches compare so-called one class SVMs with a thresholded Mahalanobis distance to define support regions. Results compare the performance of the methods, and investigate joint performance of classification and anomaly detection. The dataset used is the DARPA/KDD-99 publicly available dataset of features from network packets classified into non-attack and four attack categories. NTIS Detection; Classifications; Anomalies; Charge Injection Devices 20050010152 Los Alamos National Lab., NM VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Apr. 2000; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101683; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy No abstract available Vector Analysis; Classifications; Mathematical Models; Adaptive Control 60 COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE Includes hardware for computer graphics, firmware and data processing. For components see 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering. For computer vision see 63 Cybernetics, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. 20050001283 Porto Univ., Portugal A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method Javed, Younus; Anjum, Almas; Nadeem, Aamir; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 77; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The high speed computing, database, networking technologies and sophisticated image processing methodologies have increased the topical significan( e of face recognition. The proposed system is a scale invariant face recognition model which works on reduced size of image to increase the speed and to reduce the complex computation.the approach transforms face images into a small set of characteristic features image matrices which are the principle component of the initial training set of images. On the basis of small sets of features a general matrix and difference matrices of the normalized images are formed which ultimately provide a base for the recognition of face. This model consists of two parts. The first part is conversion of RGB into gray image with averaging of RGB values and preprocessing of image. In the second part, the recognition is performed by projecting a test image to the face space spanned by general matrix, an error matrix is obtained and ultimately compared with difference matrices of all the training images and minimum error gives the recognized image. Recognition under reasonably varying conditions is achieved by training on a limited number of images with different poses and intensity levels. This approach has advantages over other face recognition schemes in its speed, simplicity, learning capacity and 118

relative insensitivity to small or gradual changes of pose and intensity level in the face images and its size. High Speed; Computation; Data Bases; Scale Models 20050001305 Porto Univ., Portugal Result Comparison of Two Rough Set Based Discretization Algorithms Wu, Shanchan; Wang, Wenyuan; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 55; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The area of knowledge discovery and data mining is growing rapidly. A large number of methods are employed to mine knowledge. Many of the methods rely of discrete data. However, most of the datasets used in real application have attributes with continuous values. To make the data mining techniques useful for such datasets, discretization is performed as a preprocessing step of the data mining. In this paper, we discuss rough set based discretization. We do experiments to compare the quality of Local discretization and Global discretization based on rough set. Our experiments show that Global discretization and Local discretization are dataset sensitive. Neither of them is always better than the other, though in some cases Global discretization generates far better results than Local discretization. Data Mining; Intelligence; Preprocessing 20050001352 Porto Univ., Portugal Learning Bayesian Networks with Largest Chain Graphs Bendou, Mohamed; Munteanu, Paul; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 70-71; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes a new approach for designing learning bayesian network algorithms that explore the structure equivalence classes space. Its main originality consists in the representation of equivalence classes by largest chain graphs, instead of essential graphs which are generally used in the similar task. We show that this approach drastically simplifies the algorithms formulation and has some beneficial aspects on their execution time. Algorithms; Bayes Theorem; Graphs (Charts) 20050001356 Porto Univ., Portugal An Algorithm For Linear Bi-level Programming Problems Lu, Jie; Shi, Cheng-Gen; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 81; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources For linear bi-level programming problems, the branch and bound algorithm is the most successful algorithm to deal with the complementary constraints arising from Kuhn-Tucker conditions. This paper proposes a new branch and bound algorithm for linear bi-level programming problems. Based on this result, a web-based bi-level decision support system is developed. Algorithms; Linear Programming 20050001367 Porto Univ., Portugal Artificial Intelligence Representations of Multi-Model Based Controllers delasen, Manuel; Ibeas, Asier; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 46-47; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper develops a representatior_ of multi-model based controllers by using artificial intelligence typical structures. These structures will be neural networks, genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic. The interpretation of multimodel controllers in an artificial intelligence frame will allow the application of each specific technique to the design of multimodel based controllers. A method for synthesizing multimodel based neural network controllers from already designed single model based ones is presented. Some applications of the genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic to multimodel controller design are proposed. Artificial Intelligence; Controllers; Logic Design 119

20050001372 Porto Univ., Portugal Warehousing and Mining of Higher Education Data: Using Existing Data to Manage Quality Conradie, Pieter; VanDyk, Liezl; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 61; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Data warehouses are constructed at higher education institutions (HEI) using data from transactional systems such as the student information system (SIS), the learning management system (LMS), the learning content management system (LCMS) as well as certain enterprise resource planning (ERP) modules. The most common HEI data mining applications are directed towards customer relationship management (CRM) and quality management. When students are viewed as material in manufacturing process, instead of the customer, different meaningful correlations, patterns and trends can be discovered which otherwise would have remained un-exploited. As example statistical process control (SPC) - as data mining tool - is applied to student result data. This may eliminate the need to gather student-customer feedback for quality control purposes. Data Mining; Feedback Control; Information Systems 20050009929 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration Krishnakumar, Kalmanje; Lohn, Jason; Kaneshige, John; September 24, 2004; 6 pp.; In English; ALI/TFI-2004: The 4th International Symposium on Advanced Fluid Information and Transdisciplinary Fluid Integration, 11-12 Nov. 2004, Sendai, Japan Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 704-30-62; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Intelligent systems are nature-inspired, mathematically sound, computationally intensive problem solving tools and methodologies that have become important for NASA s future roles in Aeronautics and Space Exploration. Intelligent systems will enable safe, cost and mission-effective approaches to air& control, system design, spacecraft autonomy, robotic space exploration and human exploration of Moon, Mars, and beyond. In this talk, we will discuss intelligent system technologies and expand on the role of intelligent systems in NASA s missions. We will also present several examples of which some are highlighted m this extended abstract. Artificial Intelligence; Control Systems Design; Evolvable Hardware; Robotics 20050009956 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots Park, Eric; Kobayashi, Linda; Lee, Susan Y.; [2005]; 6 pp.; In English; IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA 05}, 19-22 Apr. 2005, Barcelona, Spain; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The Intelligent Robotics Group at NASA Ames Research Center has developed a new mobile robot hardware architecture designed for extensibility and reconfigurability. Currently implemented on the k9 rover. and won to be integrated onto the K10 series of human-robot collaboration research robots, this architecture allows for rapid changes in instrumentation configuration and provides a high degree of modularity through a synergistic mix of off-the-shelf and custom designed components, allowing eased transplantation into a wide vane6 of mobile robot platforms. A component level overview of this architecture is presented along with a description of the changes required for implementation on K10, followed by plans for future work. Architecture (Computers); Computers; Robots 20050010013 Porto Univ., Portugal How To Build a Multi-Multi-Agent System: The Agent.Enterprise Approach Stockheim, Tim; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 158; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The maturity of technical foundations for multi-agent system and the support by development tools, infrastructure services, and a number of development methodologies leads to an increasing amount of existing multi-agent systems. In a more and more networked environment, coupling of these heterogeneous systems to large multi-multi-agent systems is required. Unfortunately, design and implementation steps necessary in this context are currently not supported by established development methodologies; conventional approaches mainly focus on isolated multi-agent systems. In this paper, we present an approach for the integration of heterogeneous multi-agent systems. The Agent Enterprise system as a coupled 120

multi-multiagent system has been designed and tested in the manufacturing logistics domain. Network Analysis; Manufacturing 20050010044 Porto Univ., Portugal GridBlocks: Web Portal and Client for Distributed Computing Niinimaki, Marko; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 168; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources GridBlocks is an architecture and a reference implementation of a distributed computing platform for heterogenous computer clusters. It can be used when there is a need to analyze vast amounts of data that is stored in a distributed fashion. The computing and storage resources can be used both by a Web interface or by a standalone Java client. Grid Security Infrastructure (GSI) is used for secure authentication and communication. Computer Information Security; Websites; Architecture (Computers) 20050010065 Porto Univ., Portugal A Web-Enabled Mobile Agent Platform for E-Commerce Yu, Leslie; Mahmoud, Qusay; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 161-162; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources A side effect to our increasingly information-driven economy and lifestyle is the annoyance and headaches of Information Overload. Everywhere we go, we are bombarded by email, spam, online advertisements, beepers beeping, cell phones ringing, and incoming SMS messages. The wealth of information available at our fingertips online is both a blessing and a curse in disguise. In this paper, we will discuss the implementation details of our mobile agent system that tries to automate the process of online shopping. With the aid of user location information, mobile agents are deployed to engage in the proces, of wading through the mountains of information online in order to comparison shop on our behalf while filtering out irrelevant information. The idea behind deploying such a system is first given, then followed by a tour through its simple API, and finally, this paper delves into a discussion of security and how our system can be seamlessly integrated with the existing infrastructure. Electronic Commerce; Electronic Mail; Information Systems 61 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE Includes software engineering, computer programs, routines, algorithms, and specific applications, e.g., CAD/CAM. For computer software applied to specific applications, see also the associated category. 20050000121 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management Trevino, Luis C.; Crumbley, Tim; [October 20, 2004]; 38 pp.; In English; IEEE Computing Society Conference, 20 Oct. 2004, Birmingham, AL, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The slide presentation examines the Marshall Space Flight Center Flight Software Branch, including software development projects, mission critical space flight software development, software technical insight, advanced software development technologies, and continuous improvement in the software development processes and methods. CASI Software Engineering; Flight Control; Applications Programs (Computers); Computer Programming 20050001293 Porto Univ., Portugal Image Classification According To The Dominant Color Younes, Amine Ait; Truck, Isis; Akdag, Herman; Remion, Yannick; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 53; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The aim of this work is to develop a user-friendly software allowing him to classify images according to their dominant colour expressed through linguistic expressions. With this aim in view, images are processed and stored in a database. The processing consists in assigning a profile to each image. To do this, we consider the pixels of the images in the colorimetric space HLS and then a restricted number of colours classes are built. These classes depend on the hue (H). For each colour 121

class a certain number of subclasses depending on the lightness (L) and the Saturation (S) are defined. Finally the profile is drawn using the pixels membership of the classes and subclasses. Thus starting from a linguistic expression of a colour, the user can extract images from the database. Image Classification; Data Bases; Colorimetry; Linguistics 20050001303 Porto Univ., Portugal Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine VanPoucke, Jonas; VandeWalle, Bartel; Hansenne, Rami; VanderSluys, Veerle; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 75; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We discuss the design and the implementation of a flexible and scalable fuzzy case-based matching engine. The engine s flexible design is illustrated for two of its core components: the internal representation of cases by means of a variety of crisp and fuzzy data types, and the fuzzy operations to execute the ensuing case matching process. We investigate the scalability of the matching engine by a series of benchmark tests of increasing complexity, and find that the matching engine can manage an increasingly heavy load. This indicates that the engine can be used for demanding matching processes. We conclude by pointing at several applications in experimental electronic markets for which the matching engine currently is being put to use, and indicate avenues for future research. Market Research; Software Engineering; Fuzzy Systems 20050001315 Porto Univ., Portugal Multiple Organ Failure Diagnosis Using Adverse Events And Neural Networks Cortez, Paulo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 62; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In the past years, the Clinical Data Mining arena has suffered a remarkable development, where intelligent data analysis tools such as Neural Networks, have been successfully applied in the design of medical systems. In this work, Neural Networks are applied to the prediction of organ dysfunction in Intensive Care Units. The novelty of this approach comes from the use of adverse events, which are triggered from four bedside alarms,being achieved an overall predictive accuracy of 70%. Data Mining; Neural Nets 20050001316 Porto Univ., Portugal Multi-Agent Organizational Model For E-Contacting Khadraqui, Djamel; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 80; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The paper covers the development and analysis tools, software and system architecture engineering, and development methodologies. It introduces the MOISE+ model for organizing agents inside a multi-agent system and it discussed the MOISE Java API. The Model of Organization for multi-agent System is a organizational model for Multi-Agent System seen under three points of view: structural, functional and deontic. In practical, this model is available as a JAVA component. The original contribution of the paper is the extension of the model to take into account the notion of sanctions. These are necessary in order to control the respect of normative specifications (obligation, permission, prohibition) of behaviors. The results of the generalized model is implemented on an ebusiness application dealing with econtracting. Computer Programming; Product Development; Software Engineering 20050001317 Porto Univ., Portugal ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems Ghedira, Khaled; Hsairi, Lobna; Gargouri, Faiez; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 48-49; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In the age of information proliferation and communication advances, Cooperative Information System (CIS) technology becomes a vital factor for production system design in every modern enterprise. In fact, current production system must hold to new strategic, economic and organizational structures in order to face new challenges. Consequently, intelligent software based on agent technology emerges to improve system design on the one hand, and to increase production profitability and 122

enterprise competitive position on the other hand. This paper starts with an analytical description of logical and physical flows dealt with manufacturing, then proposes a Production Multi-Agent Information System (ProMAIS). ProMAIS is a collection of stationary and intelligent agent-agencies with specialized expertises, interacting to carry out the shared objectives: cost effective production in promised delay and adaptability to the changes. In order to bring ProMAIS s dynamic aspect out, interaction protocols are specially zoomed out by cooperation, negotiation and Contract Net protocols. Information Systems; Systems Engineering; Artificial Intelligence 20050001320 Porto Univ., Portugal Case-Based Approach for Efficient Redesign of Business Process Marir, Farhi; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 71; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Business Process Redesign (BPR) addresses the reengineering of one specific process within the firm. It helps re-thinking a process in order to enhance its performance. Academics and Business practitioners have been developing methodologies to support the application of BPR principles. However, most methodologies generally lack actual guidance on deriving a process design threatening the success of BPR. In this paper, we suggest the use of a case-based reasoning technique (CBR) to support solving new problems by adapting previously successful solutions to similar problems. We investigate how CBR can support a BPR implementation. An implementation framework for BPR and the CBR s cyclical process are used as a knowledge management technical support to serve for the effective reuses of redesign methods as a knowledge creation and sharing mechanism. This is developed in an attempt to improve the level of success of BPR implementation by using case stories. Cognitive Psychology; Applications Programs (Computers) 20050001326 Porto Univ., Portugal Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates Chen, Jianzhong; McClean, Sally; Shapcott, Mary; Adamson, Kenny; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 63; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Clustering is a widely used technique in data mining to discover patterns in the underlying data. Most traditional clustering methods handle datasets that have single flat formats. Recently, there has been a growing interest in relational data mining, which deals with datasets containing multiple types of objects and richer relationships and are presented in relational formats, e.g. relational databases that have multiple tables. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical model-based method for clustering relational data by introducing frequency aggregates. We first define a relational data model that contains composite objects at an object-relational star schema, and present a method of integrating relational composite objects into flat aggregate objects through aggregation. In order to apply a hierarchical model-based clustering with the data, we define a new type of aggregate.. -- frequency aggregate, which has a vector data type and can be used to record not only the observed values but also the distribution of the values of a categorical attribute. A hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithm with log-likelihood distance is then applied to cluster the, aggregated data tentatively. After stopping at a coarse estimate of the number of clusters, a mixture model-based method with the EM algorithm is developed to perform a further relocation clustering, in which Bayes Information Criterion (BIC) is used to determine the optimal number of clusters. Finally we evaluate our approach on a real-world dataset. Mathematical Models; Cluster Analysis; Relational Data Bases 20050001333 Porto Univ., Portugal An Intelligent Tutoring System For Database Transaction Processing Douglas, Paul; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 52; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We describe an intelligent tutoring system that may be used to assist university-level students to learn key aspects of database transaction processing. The tutorial aid is based on a well defined theory of learning, and is implemented using PROLOG and Java. Some results of the evaluation of the learning tool are presented to demonstrate its effectiveness as a tutorial aid in an e-learning environment. Data Bases; Education; Java (Programming Language) 123

20050001337 Porto Univ., Portugal Applying Data Mining To Software Development Projects: A Case Study Vazquez, Jacinto Mata; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 67; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources One of the main challenges that the project managers have during the building process of a software development project (SDP) is to optimize the values of the, parameters that measure the viability of the final process. The accomplishment of this task, something that was not easy at the beginning, was helped with the appearance of dynamic models and simulation environments. The application of data mining techniques to the managing of Software Development Projects (SDP) is not an uncommon phenomenon, as in any other productive process that generates information in the way of input data and output variables. In this paper, we present and analyze the results obtained from a tool, developed by the authors, based on a Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) technique. One of the most important contributions of these techniques to the software engineering field is the possibility of improving the management process of an SDP. The purpose is to provide accurate decision rules in order to help the project manager to take decisions during the development. Computer Programming; Data Mining; Software Engineering 20050001343 Porto Univ., Portugal ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support Coelho, Pedro Gouvea; Gomes, Eliane Goncalves; SoaresdeMello, Joao; Meza, Lidia Angulo; Neto, Luiz Biondi; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 55; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Data Envelopment Analysis is based on linear programming problems (LPP) to determine the efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs). This process can be computationally intense, as a LPP has to be run for each unit. Besides, a typical DEA LPF has a large number of redundant constraints concerning the inefficient DMUs. That results in degenerate LPPs and in some cases multiple efficient solutions. The developed work intends to to fill out a gap in current DEA softwares i.e. the lack of a software capable of producing full results in classic DEA models as well as the capability of using more advanced DEA models. The software interface as well as the models and solution algorithms were implemented in Delphi. Both basic and advanced DEA models are allowed in the software. Besides the main module that includes the DEA models, there is an additional module containing some models for decision support such as the multicriteria model called Analytic Hierarchic Process (AHP). The developed software was named as ISYDS - Integrated System for Decision Support. The software has been used in several theoretical and applied papers and has been very useful. Systems Integration; Decision Support Systems; Computer Systems Programs 20050001350 Porto Univ., Portugal Building Proven Casual Model Bases for Strategic Decision Support Hillbrand, Christian; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 63; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Since many Decision Support Systems (DSS) in the area of causal strategy planning methods incorporate techniques to draw conclusions from an underlying model but fail to prove the implicitly assumed hypotheses within the latter, this paper focuses on the improvement of the model base quality. Therefore, this approach employs Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to infer the underlying causal functions from empirical time series. As a prerequisite for this, an automated proof of causality for nomothetic cause-and-effect hypotheses has to be developed. Mathematical Models; Decision Support Systems; Neural Nets 20050001360 Porto Univ., Portugal Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions Sharp, Bernadette; Salter, Andy; Shah, Hanifa; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 60; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The failure of information systems has been partially the result of incorrect or inefficient rework in the development of the systems. If greater transparency can be made in the decision making process then the number of examples of incorrect or inefficient rework could be reduced. Transparency in the process of development can be achieved through identifying and 124

tracking the components of the decisions made during the development of the information system. This paper presents a theoretical framework for facilitating this tracking by comparing the components of the decisions in the development of the information system with those of an organisation and considering how the needs of agents and the actions taken to fulfill those needs are related. Decision Making; Identifying; Information Systems 20050001368 Porto Univ., Portugal Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information Ruvolo, Joann; Lessler, Justin; Krishna, Vikas; Edlund, Stefan; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 76-77; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources When building applications it is usually the case that developers are forced to focus on one size fits all solutions. Customization is often burdensome for the user, or would be so complex that it would be unrealistic to ask an end user to undertake this task. In the areas of personal information management and collaboration there is no reason to accept this limitation, as there is a body of information about the user that reflects their interests: namely their personal documents. The Dynamic Interest Profile (DIP) is a system intended to track user interest to allow for the creation of more intelligent applications. In this paper we discuss our approach to implementing the DIP, challenges that this implementation presents, as well as the security and privacy concerns that the existence of such an application raises. Information Management; Tracking Networks 20050001371 Porto Univ., Portugal Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support Jorge, Alipio; Veloso, Miguel; Azevedo, Paulo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 71; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper we describe an application of recommended systems to team building in a company or organization. The recommended system uses a collaborative filtering model based approach. Recommended models are sets of association rules extracted from the activity log of employees assigned to projects or tasks. Recommendation is performed at two levels: first by recommending a single team element given a partially built team; and second by recommending changes to a complete team. The methodology is applied to a case study with real data. The results are evaluated through experimental tests and a users perception survey. Applications Programs (Computers); Personnel; Teams 20050001373 Porto Univ., Portugal Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model Wu, Shanchan; Wang, Wenyuan; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 61-62; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources As the world-wide-web grows rapidly and a user s browsing experiences are needed to be personalized, the problem of predicting a user s behavior on a web-site has become important. In this paper, we present a probability modal to utilize path profiles of users from web logs to predict the user s future requests. Each of the user s next probable requests is given a conditional probability value, which is calculated according to the function presented by us. Our modal can give several predictions ranked by the values of their probability instead of giving one, thus increasing recommending ability. Based on a compact tree structure, our algorithm is efficient. Our result can potentially be applied to a wide range of applications on the web, including pre-sending, pro-fetching, enhancement of recommendation systems as well as web caching policies. The experiments show that our modal has a good performance. Websites; World Wide Web; User Requirements; Recommendations 20050001377 Porto Univ., Portugal Web Usage Mining with Time Constrained Association Rules Vanthienen, Jan; Huysmans, Johan; Baesens, Bart; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 56-57; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 125

Association rules are typically used to describe what items are frequently bought together. One could also use them in web usage mining to describe the pages that are often visited together. In this paper, we propose an extension to association rule_ by the introduction of timing constraints. Subsequently, the introduced concepts are used in an experiment to pre-process logfiles for web usage mining. We also describe how the method could be useful for market basket analysis and give an overview of related research. The paper is concluded by some suggestions for future research. Computer Programs; Data Mining 20050009957 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design Nemec, Marian; Aftosmis, Michael J.; Pulliam, Thomas H.; [2004]; 6 pp.; In English; International Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics 3 (ICCFD3), 12-16 Jul. 2004, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Automated, high-fidelity tools for aerodynamic design face critical issues in attempting to optimize real-life geometry arid in permitting radical design changes. Success in these areas promises not only significantly shorter design- cycle times, but also superior and unconventional designs. To address these issues, we investigate the use of a parmetric-cad system in conjunction with an embedded-boundary Cartesian method. Our goal is to combine the modeling capabilities of feature-based CAD with the robustness and flexibility of component-based Cartesian volume-mesh generation for complex geometry problems. We present the development of an automated optimization frame-work with a focus on the deployment of such a CAD-based design approach in a heterogeneous parallel computing environment. Aerodynamics; Computer Aided Design; Parallel Processing (Computers) 20050009965 Porto Univ., Portugal Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web Saglio, Jean-Marc; Abdessalem, Talel; Ta, Tuan Anh; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 168-169; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Zooming technique has been used in many applications to supply users with a cognitive way of exploring data/information. It means that a user should change focus to observe over all or in detail. This paper aims at presenting a dynamic exploration model on data. This model could be applied to the fields where the quantity of data is always important such as the Web. We call it zooming model because it permits users to focus in different sizes of data. Moreover, users can adjust zoom restriction parameters to explore dynamically objects appearing in a zoom. In this paper, we also show that our work can allow of a more intelligent framework for browsing the Semantic Web. Data Compression; Dynamic Models; Computer Programs 20050009967 Porto Univ., Portugal Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies Dunkel, Juergen; Bruns, Ralf; Ossowski, Sascha; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 143; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources E-learning is starting to play a major role in the learning and teaching activities at institutions of higher education worldwide. The students perform significant parts of their study activities decentralized and access the necessary information sources via the Internet. Several tools have been developed providing basic infrastructures that enable individual and collaborative work ir a location-independent and time-independent fashion. Still, systems that adequately provide personalized and permanent support for using these tools are still to come. This paper reports on the advances of the Semantic E-learning Agent (SAE) project, whose objective is to develop virtual student advisors, that render support to university students in order to successfully organize and perform their studies. The E-learning agents are developed with novel concepts of the Semantic Web and agents technology. The key concept is the semantic modeling of the E-learning domain by means of XML-based applied ontology languages such as DAML+OIL and OWL. Software agents apply ontological and domain knowledge in order to assist human users in their decision making processes. For this task, the inference engine JESS is applied in conjunction with the agent framework JADE. Semantics; Information Systems; Document Markup Languages; Decision Making; Education 126

20050009968 Porto Univ., Portugal Agent Based Decentralized Workflow Enactment: Compilation And Transformation Of Workflow Models Ferreira, Hugo Miguel Mendes; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 156; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Today s workflow management systems are distributed albeit centralized information systems. In an attempt to increase the flexibility, robustness and scalability of such systems, a decentralized workflow engine based on autonomous mobile agents i., being developed. This will allow the creation and development of a flexible and robust solution. Unlike previous work done in this area, this article focuses on process flow control and on the use of workflow patterns to describe and support such flow control. In its essence this article describes how workflow models are compiled and transformed into a set of agent that will enact the workflow process. During development and testing, several issues concerning process compilation, agent creation and process execution arose. Some of these are also briefly described. Robustness (Mathematics); Management Systems; Information Systems; Autonomy 20050009972 Porto Univ., Portugal Formation and Fulfillment of Electronic Contracts in the ICS Labidi, Sofiane; Oliveira, Nathalia R. S.; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 166; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This work is part of the ICS project (Intelligent Commerce System) whose aim is to design and implement an effective B2B E-commerce system based on mobile and intelligent agents. The tcs lifecycle is based on five phases: User Modeling, Matchmaking, Negotiation, Contract Formation and Contract Fulfillment. We propose here an automated process for the Contract Formation and Fulfillment phases. We present an ontology for sharing knowledge between agents that participate in the negotiation besides a repository to store contract templates and contract instances. For managing the contract fulfillment Temporal Workflow and ECA rules are applied in order to develop this process. Electronic Commerce; Electronic Mail 20050009973 Porto Univ., Portugal Towards an Information Assessment Framework for Use with the Semantic Web Ellis, Heidi; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 169; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The extension of the existing Web with meaningful information to form the Semantic Web holds great potential for allowing applications to carry out much more sophisticated tasks than supported by the current Web. As part of carrying out these tasks, Semantic Web applications must access and integrate information from a variety of sources including databases, services, programs, sensors, personal devices, etc. The ability of Semantic Web applications to assess this information with respect to its trustworthiness and quality is a key contribution to the successful completion of tasks. The availability of an information assessment framework for the Semantic Web that incorporates aspects of trust and information quality would enable applications to dynamically determine the trust-ability and worth of information. In addition, increasing interest in the research areas of security and information assurance highlight the need for an assessment framework that encompasses trust and information quality as both of these aspects are necessary components to information security and electronic commerce. This paper presents an overview of recent work in the area of information quality characteristics and models of trust on the Web. A research agenda is described for the development of an information assessment framework encompassing information quality and trust management or trust agency for the Semantic Web. Information Management; Electronic Commerce; Semantics 20050009974 Porto Univ., Portugal A Virtual Assistant for Websites Gouveia, Feliz; Loh, Stanley; Brahm, Daniel; Silva, Lizandro; Duizith, Jose Luiz; Tagliassuchi, Gustavo; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 161; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This work presents a Virtual Assistant (VA) whose main goal is to supply information for Websites users. A VA is a software system that interacts with persons through a Web browser, receiving textual questions and answering automatically 127

without human intervention. The VA supplies information by looking for similar questions in a knowledge base and giving the corresponding answer. Artificial Intelligence techniques are employed in this matching process, to compare the user s question against questions stored in the base. The main advantage of using the VA is to minimize information overload when users get lost in Websites. The VA can guide the user across the web pages or directly supply information. This is especially important for customers visiting an enterprise site, looking for products, services or prices or needing information about some topic. The VA can also help in Knowledge Management processes inside enterprises, offering an easy way for people storing and retrieving knowledge. An extra advantage is to reduce the structure of Call Centers, since the VA can be given to customers in a CD-ROM. Furthermore, the VA provides Webmasters with statistics about the usage of the VA (themes more asked, number of visitants, time of conversation). Websites; Virtual Reality; Software Engineering 20050009977 Porto Univ., Portugal FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information Farias, Gilnei Barroco; Loh, Stnaley; Kickhofel, Rodrigo Branco; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 170; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This work presents a software system for selective clipping of web information. The system allows users to register queries, expressing their information needs, and monitors information sources (Web sites), in order to find new information and to pus[ it to the users. The difference from traditional Web clipping systems is that FastNews only retrieves information relevant to the user s need, that is, it has an intelligent engine that extracts only information parts according to the interest of the user. Currently, the system allows watching news, currency conversion and weather forecasting. An additional functionality is to allow users to enter an URL (Web site) to monitor, against the traditional use of predefined sources. Forecasting; Information Systems; Computer Programs 20050009979 Porto Univ., Portugal A Network Component Architecture for Collaboration in Mobile Settings Ebmann, Bernd; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 146; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Today Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is used in broad areas of human cooperation. With the propagation el radio-based communication and ad hoc networking it may enter new areas of human cooperation. One important aspect is the new quality in CSCW of being independent from special network-enabled places. Another aspect is the more intuitive support of face-to-face cooperation utilizing personal mobile devices. To open this field of collaboration our approach featuring Distributed Cooperative Knowledge Spaces specifically addresses conceptual issues pertaining to the transition from classical, server-centered to mobile, distributed collaboration environments. With this concept we introduce persistent and personal knowledge spaces as well as so-called temporary knowledge areas and groups. Our prototypical application for spontaneous collaboration implements this approach. We are able to draw here on many years of experience in the development and testing of our concept of Cooperative Virtual Knowledge Spaces. Computer Networks; Radio Communication; Architecture (Computers) 20050009980 Porto Univ., Portugal Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi-Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment Kanzow, Sebastian; Kjouani, Karim; Amirat, Yacine; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 147; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In the virtual enterprise paradigm, workflow processes are shared between different businesses partners lead to new requirements for workflow management applications. Several multi-agent systems have been proposed to cope with their inherently distributed nature. Most of those systems define agents as some kind of helper programs situated on (human) resource level, instantiated on some workflow participant s personal computer. We argue that this concept is not adequate and propose an approach to create and deploy agents on a virtual flow level, where one agent takes care of one workflow subprocess, instead of attaching one or more agents to an existing resource. Finally, we present a probabilistic classification approach to decide on the assignment of tasks to agents. Applications Programs (Computers); Management Systems; Commerce; Deployment 128

20050009982 Porto Univ., Portugal Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APPCAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties Vedala, Radha; Pujari, A. K.; Gulati, V. P.; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 165; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Multicasting is well known as a bandwidth conserving technology. Applications couldn t exploit broadcast media property or reduce redundant packets movement over common paths of network as the applications are written in unicast mode due to complex multicast application programming support. Researchers turned to alternate multicast mechanisms like Application Layer Multicast - ALM, where in participating hosts are arranged in overlay topologies like tree, mesh etc and hosts route data among themselves in normal unicast mode. In this paper we discuss a new application layer topology - APPCAST and show common application architecture for both unicast and multicast using SOAP with no special effort from programmer for multicast. Architecture also allows exploiting broadcast nature of media. Bandwidth; Broadcasting; Applications Programs (Computers) 20050009992 Porto Univ., Portugal E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement Costa, Carlos; Oliveira, Jose Luis; Silva, Augusto; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 167; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The increasing dependency of enterprise on IT has rise up major concerns on security technology and procedures. Access control mechanisms, which are the core of most security policies, are mostly based on PIN and, some times, in Public Key Cryptography (PKC). Despite these techniques can be already broadly disseminated, the storage and retrieval of security secrets is yet a sensitive and open issue for organization and users. One possible solution can be provided by the utilization o smart cards to store digital certificates and private keys. However, there are special organizations where even this solution does not solve the security problems. When users deal with sensible data and it is mandatory to prevent the delegation of access privileges to third persons new solutions must be provided. In this case the access to the secrets can be enforced by three-factor scheme: the possession of the token, the knowledge of a PIN code and the fingerprint validation. This paper presents a Professional Information Card system that dynamically combines biometrics with PKC technology to assure a stronger authentication that can be used indistinctly in Internet and Intranet scenarios. The system was designed to fulfill current mission-critical enterprises access control requirements, and was deployed, as a proof of concept, in a Healthcare Information System of a major Portuguese Hospital. Computer Information Security; Cryptography; Computer Programs 20050009997 Porto Univ., Portugal Embedding JAAS In Java Agent Roles To Apply Local Security Policies Cabri, Giacomo; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 152-153; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Agents are an emerging technology that grants programmers a new way to exploit distributed resources. They well suite the development of enterprise applications, since they can act as active network components, and can execute on heterogeneous platforms or architectures. One of the hardest difficulties in the development of agent-based applications is the managing of interactions, since agents must interact in a collaborative and/or competitive way to achieve their task. Roles are a powerful concept that can be used to model agent interactions, both between two (or more) agents and between agents and the environments where they are running. Roles allow separation of concerns and code reusability, but they should be developed taking into account permissions needed to the execution of their actions. The standard Java policy file mechanism does not suffice in this scenario, since a fine grain in managing permissions is required. This paper focuses on how to exploit the Java Authentication and ization Service (JAAS) at the role level in order to apply authorization and local policies to agents fo limiting their operations. Java (Programming Language); Computer Information Security; Policies 20050009998 Porto Univ., Portugal Software Agents for Supporting Student Team Project Work Whatley, Janice; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 153; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 129

In this paper an agent system is described, which has been designed to support students undertaking team projects as part ot their studies on campus or online. Team projects form an important part of the learning process for campus based students, but are not easily incorporated into the learning activities for online students. The particular problems of working on projects in teams are explored, and an agent system was designed to support some of the maintenance tasks of team working. Agent technology is suggested because of the ease of communication between software agents and their autonomy in operation. The agent system has been tested on student teams working on campus, and the results indicate that this type of support agent may be helpful to students. The modified version of the agent system was successfully implemented, and the trial suggests that it may be scaled up to use over the Internet to support online student teams. Internets; Students; Computer Programs 20050010001 Porto Univ., Portugal A Recommendation Based Framework for Online Product Configuration Leckner, Thomas; Karacapilidis, Nikos; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 163; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Adopting a mass customization strategy, enterprises often enable customers to specify their individual product wishes by using web based configurator tools. With such tools, customers can interactively and virtually create their own instance of a product. However, customers are not usually supported in a comprehensive way during the configuration process, thus facing problems such as complexity, uncertainty, and lack of knowledge. To address the above issue, this paper presents a framework that aids customers in selecting and specifying individualized products by exploiting recommendations. Having first focused on the characteristics of configurator tools and the principles of model-based configuration, we then introduce the concept of masks for product models. The main contribution of this paper is the proposal of an integrated approach for supporting model-based product configurator tools by similarity-based recommendations. Our approach in providing recommendations has been based on the widely accepted theory of Fuzzy Sets and its associated concept of similarity measures, while recommendations provided are based on the processes of stereotype definitions and dynamic customer clustering. Computer Programs; Fuzzy Sets 20050010002 Porto Univ., Portugal Customizable Data Distribution for Synchronous Groupware Lukosch, Stephan; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 153; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The state of a groupware application must be shared to support interactions between collaborating users. There have been a lot of discussions about the best distribution scheme for the state of a groupware application. Many existing groupware platforms support only one distribution scheme, e.g. a replicated or a central scheme, and apply the selected scheme to the entire application. None of these schemes fits well for every groupware application. Different applications and even single applications have different requirements concerning data distribution. This paper describes DreamObjects, a development platform that simplifies the development of shared data objects. DreamObjects supports a variety of distribution schemes which can be applied per shared data object. Additionally, it offers an interface that developers can use to introduce their own distribution schemes. Data Transfer (Computers); Comsat Program; Synchronism 20050010003 Porto Univ., Portugal Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility Klein, Gilles; Fallah-Seghrouchni, Amal El; Suna, Alexandru; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 134; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources From the recent improvements in network and peer-to-peer technologies and the ever-growing needs for computer might, new ways of sharing resources between users have emerged. These methods are very diverse, from SETI @HOME which is a wa_ to share the load of analysing the data from space in order to find traces of extraterrestrial life, to NAPSTER and its successors, and to Real-time video-games. However, these technologies allow only centralized calculus-sharing, even if they 130

already offer peer-to-peer sharing of data. We present in this paper a method based on Multiagent systems which allow load-sharing between distant users. Calculus; Mobility; Network Analysis; Data Transfer (Computers) 20050010006 Porto Univ., Portugal Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework Kotinumi, Paavo; Laesvuori, Hannu; Jokinen, Katrine; Soininen, Timo; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 146; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Industry consortia have developed e-business frameworks providing standards and specifications enabling business partners to communicate over the Internet through integration of enterprise applications. This paper describes a prototype system for integrating design document management systems using the RosettaNet e-business framework. The requirements for the solution were extracted from a case product development network. We present the design and implementation of the prototype system. According to our experiences with it, the RosettaNet standards were relatively easy to implement and use. However, the RosettaNet specifications for product development processes and the related business document definitions, e.g. for design document delivery, are not sufficient in all respects. As a consequence, two implementations of the same RosettaNet standard process may be incompatible as they differ in the aspects that RosettaNet does not support sufficiently. Electronic Commerce; Management Systems; Product Development; Systems Engineering 20050010009 Porto Univ., Portugal An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network Kipina, Janne; Haapasalo, Harri; Helaakoski, Heli; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 137; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Networked manufacturing enterprises are now moving towards more open information exchange for integrating their activities with those of their suppliers, customers and partners within wide supply chain networks. Therefore there has been increasing need for software systems to support business networks. This paper introduces SteelNet agent architecture, which facilitates real collaboration of companies by enabling the seamless information and material flow in business network. SteelNet agent architecture has been developed to meet the requirements of steel product industry network that work as a supply chain. Different operations of order-delivery process in the network have been modelled as agents that are able to collaborate with each other. The SteelNet agent architecture is a basis for prototype that handles operations of manufacturing steel product in supply chain. By digitising the information flow between the collaborative companies it increases their competitive position and profitability. Architecture (Computers); Steels; Manufacturing; Information Flow 20050010011 Porto Univ., Portugal A Cooperative Learning Multi-Agent System Lafifi, Yacine; Bensebaa, Tahar; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 132; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The cooperation application s interest is not more than to show as the education is fundamentally a cooperative process. Certain, cooperative learning influence on the learner s level. Current events development interest more with learning s environment within groups than to individual learning s environment. In this paper, we present the architecture of the Multiagent system (SACA), which supports the cooperative learning. The SACA s aim is to offer for each learner an adaptable learning s environment taking into account learner s aptitudes, capacities and needs. More than that, it offers the possibilities of an effective cooperation among learners in order to reach every one s aim. This system is a set of heterogeneous agents. The artificial agent helps the learner in order to create the possibility of an effective cooperation. The agents are represented with its mental state and its capacities. Education; Architecture (Computers) 20050010016 Porto Univ., Portugal Can Avatars Replace The Trainer? A Case Study Evaluation Ferneley, Elaine; Mahmood, Ahmad Kamil; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 159; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 131

E-learning implementations have become an important agenda item for academic and business institutions as an enabler to complement their education and training needs. However, many of the existing e-learning systems, present several limitations such as them being static, passive and consisting of a time-consuming set of services. This has highlighted the need for functionality, which allows more creativity, autonomy, and flexibility on behalf of the learner. The inclusion of avatar technology in e-learning environments has been of growing interest aiming to encourage the learner to become more engaged and motivated whilst augmenting the use of human trainers. However, the empirical investigations on the effect of animated agent in teaching and learning has revealed diverse results in a continuum from avatars being helpful to them being distracting. This research has evaluated the utility of avatars. Unusually, the research has chosen a qualitative interpretive approach with supporting case study data as the chosen research methodology. The justification for the research approach will be made ant the initial findings will be presented together with a proposed conceptual framework. Training Devices; Education; Electronic Commerce 20050010019 Porto Univ., Portugal A Dynamic Aggregation Mechanism For Agent-Based Services Picault, Jerome; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 159; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources At a time when the web is switching from a data-oriented view to a service-oriented view, we can envision an environment where services are dynamically and automatically combined to solve new problems that one single service cannot solve. Agent technology provides a good basis for creating such an environment but many issues remain to be solved. This paper presents a step towards a dynamic service aggregation mechanism, introducing a pragmatic approach and an implementation. This work was carried out in the context of the Agentcities RTD EU project. Computer Programs; Dynamic Programming 20050010020 Porto Univ., Portugal ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications Esmin, Ahmed; Cameiro, Tiago; Lima, Joubert; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 158; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Knowledge acquisition mechanism is essential to every Web usage mining project and it can be implemented on the user or on all servers configuration. This paper presents a low coupled mechanism once it acquires knowledge only from the Web browser, separates the requests: one for the monitored application and the other for the server called ArchCollect, and has a parser that automatically inserts the knowledge acquisition mechanism into the static/dynamic user s page. It is flexible once the monitored applications can be developed in HTML, DHTML, XHTML or XML markup languages. It is scalable once it can deal with massive network traffic, adopting scalable ArchCollect servers or scalable internal components. It is efficient once it reduces drastically the preprocessing, sharing this hard activity with all users, and once it makes no log files interpretation or complication. It is reliable once it eliminates browser and server caches problems. This project can collect layout, usage and performance data, providing general application focus, like Srivastava et.al proposed. Data Mining; Layouts; Preprocessing; Websites; Data Acquisition 20050010022 Porto Univ., Portugal Agent Programming Language with Incomplete Knowledge: AgentSpeak(I) Ghose, Aditya; Vo, Duc; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 150; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes an agent programming language called AgentSpeak(I). This new language allows agent programs (1) to effectively perform while having incomplete knowledge of the environment, (2) to detect no-longer possible goals and re-plan these goals correspondingly, and (3) to behave reactively to changes of environment. Specifically, AgentSpeak(I) uses default theory as agent belief theory, agent always act with preferred default extension at current time point (i.e. preference may changes over time). A belief change operator for default theory is also provided to assist agent program to update its belief theory. Like other BDI agent programming languages, AgentSpeak(I) uses semantics of transitional system. It appears that the 132

language is well suited for intelligent applications and high level control robots, which are required to perform in highly dynamic environment. Programming Languages; Semantics; Artificial Intelligence 20050010026 Porto Univ., Portugal Heterogeneous Integration Of Services Into An Open, Standardized Web Service: A Web Service-based CSCW/L System Halbsgut, Joerg; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 152; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources There are currently a wide variety of services that are difficult or impossible to use because their interfaces, protocols and programming languages are either unknown or proprietary. In the future, this problem will be compounded by the growing range of services available, especially in the area of e-learning, and not least by the increasing number of service consumers (clients) and the resulting heterogeneity in terms of applications and protocols. The web service architecture presented in this paper uses the successfully applied open-source steam system to illustrate how arbitrary services can be integrated into a heterogeneous web service. A flexible service structure of this kind is designed to create standardized interfaces allowing new web-based interoperability. Heterogeneity; Protocol (Computers); Applications Programs (Computers) 20050010033 Porto Univ., Portugal Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer Ribeiro, Marcelo; Lucena, Carlos; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 154; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In the Web first years, it was claimed that it would revolutionize the way people work and learn by creating a rich information environment where everybody would cooperate through content publish and recovering. This promising model showed its limitations with the information explosive growth. Many initiatives were taken to address this problem, but none of them gained such attention as the Semantic Web proposal. The combination of machine understandable content with human oriented content can avoid information overload and create a new set of possibilities in terms of software development and integration. Although the Semantic Web is on its very beginning, some proposals already address some requirements for the Semantic Web creation. This paper presents the SemantiCore agent-based abstraction layer for the Semantic Web. The SemantiCore uses high level agent-based abstractions to create applications for the semantic web. SemantiCore uses the middleware concept to allow the integration with well known technologies such as the FIPAOS platform and the Web Services standards. Applications Programs (Computers); Computer Programming; Software Engineering; Websites 20050010038 Porto Univ., Portugal Dependability: A Forgotten Aspect In Location-Based Services Katasonov, Artern; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 145; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The dependability aspect in location-based mobile services (LBSs) seems to be almost completely overlooked by both practitioners and researchers. However, as we argue in this paper, LBSs are applications that require high dependability and therefore this question must always be seriously considered when developing a new service. In recent years, mobile operation have launched many LBSs, but often they have not been as successful as had been hoped. We believe that low dependability is at least one principal reason that hinders user acceptance of existing services. In this paper, we discuss the existence of this disagreement between the actual importance of LBS dependability and the level of attention towards it among practitioners and researchers. We also identify and briefly discuss the major factors influencing dependability of LBSs, namely the quality of content, software reliability, algorithms appropriateness, interface quality, and communication quality. Software Reliability; Algorithms; Applications Programs (Computers) 133

20050010040 Porto Univ., Portugal Using Mobile Agents to Search for Distributed Invisible Information Carrapaloso, Eurico; Oliveira, Paula; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 151; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The access to the information available in the Web is facilitated by diverse search engines. However, there is a large amount of information that is not accessible through these engines: the Invisible Web or Deep Web. For the society to take advantage of these vast available resources, it is important that efficient models for searching the Web are established and made available for wide use. In this context, a model based mobile agents, adequate for searching for multimedia materials accessible through a network, is presented in this article. The model has been designed having in mind that it should be open distributed, modular and platform independent. To corroborate the proposed model, an experimental prototype has been implemented, capable of searching heterogeneous databases accessible in the Web. Data Bases; Information Retrieval; Heterogeneity 20050010041 Porto Univ., Portugal Modelling Mobile Agent Applications by Extended UML Activity Diagram Taguchi, Kenji; Kang, Miao; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 154; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Mobile agent technology has gained increasing importance in recent years. However, little work has been done in defining notations/languages to capture and model mobile agent applications. This paper presents extensions of UML activity diagram.. for modelling mobile agent applications, which capture specific features of mobile agents such as mobility, cloning and communications. In order to demonstrate their applicability as a design notation, a mobile agent auction system is designed in the proposed notation and is implemented in Java Agent Development (JADE) programming language. Computer Programming; Languages; Mobility 20050010042 Porto Univ., Portugal Integrating Software Agents with the Existing Web Infrastructure Yu, Leslie; Mahmoud, Qusay; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 161; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The mobile agent paradigm presents itself as a viable communication approach not only in the area of wired computing, but more so in the disconnected mobile computing environment. The fundamental way in which distributed systems interact nowadays is through the client-and-server paradigm, which has been around since the 1970s. In this paper, we will examine some of the performance and extensibility advantages that the mobile agent paradigm will bring to the table. We will examine how MA can bring about a better web browsing, information retrieval experience for end-users in both the wired and wireless computing environment. A few hurdles that are stopping MA from becoming commonplace will be looked at. This will be followed by a novel approach for integrating mobile agents into existing Web sites. Software Engineering; Websites; Systems Integration 20050010043 Porto Univ., Portugal A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components Benali, Khalid; Godart, Claude; Gaaloul, Walid; Baina, Karim; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 163; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Nowadays, enterprises express huge needs for mechanisms allowing interconnection of their business components. Due to the weakness of component integration facilities, a large amount of research and development has been made in this area. Nevertheless, developed mechanisms are generally hard-coded, proprietary and lack a high level of abstraction. This paper presents our contribution to the design, the implementation, and the experimentation of an architectural pattern named Service. This pattern is able to support interconnection and cooperation between distributed components independently of their specific contexts (workflow processes, database robots, agents, networks nodes, etc.). Our Service pattern proposes a generic solution to interconnection and cooperation between components through object oriented structures and scenarios. The essence of the pattern is the ability for Service to provide registration, discovery, negotiation and dynamic API information 134

on behalf of a contained service. Moreover, several alternatives are presented to implement our pattern. Commerce; Data Bases; Architecture (Computers); Coding 20050010046 Porto Univ., Portugal BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity Elsweiler, David; MacCormack, Alasdair; Ferguson, John; Mohamed, Rehman; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 160; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Visualisation is well known as an effective means of enriching user interaction with complex systems. Recent research with online communities has considered the application of visualisation tool support, with the intention of further improving communication between community members. This paper reviews existing work in this area with specific reference to the application of visualisation to improve user interaction within online forums such as bulletin boards. The paper then outlines work undertaken by the authors to develop a second-generation visualisation tool - BulB. Complex Systems; Applications Programs (Computers); Software Development Tools 20050010048 Porto Univ., Portugal Designing a Web-Based Application Framework Zhao, Liping; Ibrahim, Abdelgadir; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 165; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources A framework can be viewed as a design scheme from which application systems derive. The article illustrates the design of a time booking framework. It describes the various design steps and considerations, from the requirements gathering, architectural arrangement to the organisation of classes. It shows that the framework can be easily extended to implement an application system. Computer Systems Design; World Wide Web; Applications Programs (Computers) 20050010052 Porto Univ., Portugal Modeling Web Services Interoperability Melliti, Tarak; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 167; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources With the development of the semantic Web, the specification of Web services has evolved from a remote procedure call style to a behavioral description including standard constructors of programming languages. Such a transformation introduces new problems since traditional clients will not be able to interact with these sophisticated services. In this work, we develop a generic agent capable to fully control the interaction process with a Web service given its XLANG behavioral description (XLANG being one of these languages). At first, we give an operational semantic to XLANG in terms of timed transition systems. Then we define a relation between two communicating systems which formalizes the concept of a correct interaction and we propose an algorithm which either detects ambiguity of the Web service or generates a timed deterministic automaton which controls the agent behavior during the interaction with the service. Starting from these theoretical developments we have built a platform which ensures to a user the correct handling of any complex Web service dynamically discovered through the Web. Algorithms; World Wide Web; Information Retrieval 20050010054 Porto Univ., Portugal A Feasibility Study Of a Proposed Unified Semantic Infrastructure In The European Construction Sector Rezgui, Yacine; Meziane, Farid; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 144; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources FUNSIEC (Proposal No. 42059Y3C3FPAL2) is a research project funded by the European Commission (EC) under the e-content programme. The key objective of FUNSIEC is to study the feasibility of building and maintaining an Open Semantic Infrastructure for the European Construction Sector (OSIECS) at a technical, organizational and business level. This infrastructure is being built by gathering multi-lingual linguistic electronic resources (e-resources) devoted to the construction sector, including various ontologies, taxonomies produced by international initiatives and EC-funded projects. OSIECS will 135

be made available to content and service providers, as well as to other actors in the construction area, to help them exploit fully the advantages of Construction-oriented semantic-based e-resources. Feasibility; Semantics; Europe 20050010058 Porto Univ., Portugal Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes Toivonen, Santtu; Helin, Heikki; Min, Jung Ung; Pitkaranta, Tapio; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 133; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We present an interaction protocol based approach for facilitating distributed construction processes. In our approach, software agents represent various participants of a construction project---such as contractor, subcontractor, and supplier. These agents are supposed to communicate according to predefined interaction protocols. Should an agent be unaware of some protocol needed in the process, it benefits from mechanisms for adopting it. We approach this problem with interaction protocol descriptions serialized in a commonly agreed upon format and design our agents so that they can adapt to the descriptions. We present a scenario in the field of construction industry, where the project participants do not know in advance how to communicate with each other. However, by adapting to the protocol descriptions provided by the respective parties they are eventually able to interact. Computer Programs; Protocol (Computers); Communicating 20050010059 Porto Univ., Portugal MGAIA: Extending The Gala Methodology To Model Mobile Agent Systems Krishnaswamy, Shonali; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 149; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Mobile agents are a class of software agents that have the ability to move from host to host and are particularly relevant for mobile and distributed applications. The development of several mobile agent implementation environments has necessitated conceptual modelling techniques for mobile agent applications. In this paper, we present mgaia, our extension of the Gala Agent Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE) methodology to model mobile agent systems. We discuss our experiences from applying a software engineering approach to building mobile agent applications by modelling applications using mgaia and mapping these models to two mobile agent toolkits, Aglets and Grasshopper. Computer Programming; Mobile Communication Systems; Grasshoppers 20050010061 Porto Univ., Portugal Design and Evaluation of Software Agents for Online Negotiations Chari, Kaushai; Agrawal, Manish; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 137; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents a negotiation heuristic for software agents that enable agents to use market information and learn about the opponent s behavior while conducting online negotiations. The heuristic is tested in a pilot experimental study, where the performance of agents is evaluated with respect to human negotiators in a simulated electronic market. Preliminary results indicate that agents may have the potential to do better than humans in multi-issue negotiation settings. Computer Programs; Design Analysis; Evaluation 20050010062 Porto Univ., Portugal The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia Crespo, Luis Vilan; Costa, Paulo; DiezSanches, Ana Isabel; Cota, Manuel Perez; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 137; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This article intends to synthesize the results obtained by the investigation work done in the North of Portugal ans South of Galicia, by GEAC - Group of Teaching Attended by Computer, of the Vigo University, under orientation of the PhD. Manuel Perez Cota. The main objective, in this investigation phase, is to try to identify the teacher s profile, his sensibility for the teaching-learning process based in the technologies, in what way are or not the computer sciences tools used, how, when and 136

where, the knowledge were acquired, in the meaning of computer science, for the teacher, try to identify the decisive causes and the importance of these, for an appropriate use of the computer science in the education process, inside of the your class Communication; Information; Education; Instructors 20050010063 Porto Univ., Portugal Towards an Agent-Based and Context-Oriented Approach Maamar, Zakaria; Mostefaoui, Soraya Kouadri; Yahyaoui, Hamdi; vandenheuvel, Willem-Jan; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 133-134; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We present an agent-based and context-oriented approach for the composition ofweb services. AWeb service is an accessible application that other applications and humans can discover and trigger to satisfy certain needs, e.g., hotel booking. Because of the complexity that characterizes the composition of Web services, two concepts in this paper are put forward to reduce this complexity namely software agent and context. A software agent is an autonomous entity that acts on behalf of users, whereas context is any relevant information that characterizes a situation. During the composition process, software agents engage conversations with their peers to agree on the Web services that will participate in this process. In these conversations, agents take into account the execution context of the Web services. Websites; Autonomy; Information Analysis; Information Retrieval 20050010122 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors Artho, Cyrille; Havelund, Klaus; Biere, Armin; [2004]; 14 pp.; In English; Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis, 2004, Taiwan, Province of China Contract(s)/Grant(s): QSS-132; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Data races do not cover all kinds of concurrency errors. This paper presents a data-flow-based technique to find stale-value errors, which are not found by low-level and high-level data race algorithms. Stale values denote copies of shared data where the copy is no longer synchronized. The algorithm to detect such values works as a consistency check that does not require any assumptions or annotations of the program. It has been implemented as a static analysis in JNuke. The analysis is sound and requires only a single execution trace if implemented as a run-time checking algorithm. Being based on an analysis of Java bytecode, it encompasses the full program semantics, including arbitrarily complex expressions. Related techniques are more complex and more prone to over-reporting. Computer Programming; Algorithms; Error Detection Codes 20050010143 Research Inst. for Advanced Computer Science, Moffett Field, CA, USA, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Knowledge Navigation for Virtual Vehicles Gomez, Julian E.; [2004]; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC-21426 Report No.(s): Rept-2004-01-3121; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy A virtual vehicle is a digital model of the knowledge surrounding a potentially real vehicle. Knowledge consists not only of the tangible information, such as CAD, but also what is known about the knowledge - its metadata. This paper is an overview of technologies relevant to building a virtual vehicle, and an assessment of how to bring those technologies together. Computer Aided Design; Metadata; Navigation 20050010167 Manchester Univ., UK, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE Barringer, Howard; Goldberg, Allen; Havelund, Klaus; Sen, Koushik; [2004]; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): GR/S40435/01; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy We briefly present a rule-based framework called EAGLE, shown to be capable of defining and implementing finite trace monitoring logics, including future and past time temporal logic, extended regular expressions, real-time and metric temporal logics (MTL), interval logics, forms of quantified temporal logics, and so on. In this paper we focus on a linear temporal logic 137

(LTL) specialization of EAGLE. For an initial formula of size m, we establish upper bounds of O(m(sup 2)2(sup m)log m) and O(m(sup 4)2(sup 2m)log(sup 2) m) for the space and time complexity, respectively, of single step evaluation over an input trace. This bound is close to the lower bound O(2(sup square root m) for future-time LTL presented. EAGLE has been successfully used, in both LTL and metric LTL forms, to test a real-time controller of an experimental NASA planetary rover. Real Time Operation; Temporal Logic; Logic Programming 20050010168 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Semantic-Web Technology: Applications at NASA Ashish, Naveen; October 22, 2004; 4 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy We provide a description of work at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on building system based on semantic-web concepts and technologies. NASA has been one of the early adopters of semantic-web technologies for practical applications. Indeed there are several ongoing 0 endeavors on building semantics based systems for use in diverse NASA domains ranging from collaborative scientific activity to accident and mishap investigation to enterprise search to scientific information gathering and integration to aviation safety decision support We provide a brief overview of many applications and ongoing work with the goal of informing the external community of these NASA endeavors. Websites; Architecture (Computers); Project Management 20050010187 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA An Integrated Centroid Finding and Particle Overlap Decomposition Algorithm for Stereo Imaging Velocimetry McDowell, Mark; December 2004; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 22-708-24-05 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2004-213365; E-14833; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy An integrated algorithm for decomposing overlapping particle images (multi-particle objects) along with determining each object s constituent particle centroid(s) has been developed using image analysis techniques. The centroid finding algorithm uses a modified eight-direction search method for finding the perimeter of any enclosed object. The centroid is calculated using the intensity-weighted center of mass of the object. The overlap decomposition algorithm further analyzes the object data and breaks it down into its constituent particle centroid(s). This is accomplished with an artificial neural network, feature based technique and provides an efficient way of decomposing overlapping particles. Combining the centroid finding and overlap decomposition routines into a single algorithm allows us to accurately predict the error associated with finding the centroid(s) of particles in our experiments. This algorithm has been tested using real, simulated, and synthetic data and the results are presented and discussed. Image Analysis; Imaging Techniques; Velocity Measurement; Stereoscopy 20050010188 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML Raymond, Scott P., ; Sep. 2004; 139 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427535; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () New facility construction and existing facility renovation create new or modified operation and maintenance (O&M) requirements for the maintenance responsibility organization such as a Public Works Department (PWD). This O&M requirement is fully described by an Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) package. OMSI content includes facility, systems, and product information. This thesis will address information integration, the process of allowing information systems to cross-communicate and share data. OMSI information integrated within the framework of a Computer-Aided Facility Management (CAFM) system allows for early identification of O&M requirements, an improved planning capability for new facilities, and more efficient economies of scale. In addition to PWD manpower savings, OMSI-CAFM integration will also allow a revolution in the way O&M requirements are planned and created. Preliminary OMSI information would be ideally created by the design A/E after having considered work force capability from both a workload and expertise perspective. While this may be impractical due to the changing nature of workforce capability and the lengthy planning and design cycle of military construction, OMSI-CAFM integration will certainly allow O&M planning to begin early in the OMSI development stages. OMSI submittals can be layered to provide preliminary planning information in the first submittal and add additional detailed information in later submittals. In such a manner, PWD O&M planners can 138

begin an incremental planning effort early in the facility construction phase. This thesis provides a non-proprietary, no-cost solution to OMSI-CAFM information integration that minimizes specialized knowledge on the part of the OMSI AE. An effective solution must also provide for easy and inexpensive repurposing of OMSI information for future uses. The solution uses XML technologies for the repurposing of OMSI information. Computer Storage Devices; Data Storage; Document Markup Languages; Information Management; Maintenance; Management Information Systems 20050010190 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Simulating Clouds with Procedural Texturing Techniques Using the GPU Tarantilis, Georgios E., ; Sep. 2004; 69 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427539; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Many 3D training simulations employ static, and to some extent, simplistic natural phenomena representation that often leaves much to be desired. Taking advantage of the latest advancements in computer graphics hardware allows modeling dynamic natural phenomena such as clouds. Specifically, utilizing procedural techniques and high-level shading languages, it is possible to produce considerably more realistic simulations. This thesis designed and implemented a visual simulation component, which renders convincing clouds using procedural noise-based texture mapping techniques. Both traditional rendering and shader-enabled rendering supported by the OpenGL Shading Language are utilized. This component has been included in the Delta3d simulation engine and is used to create convincing clouds in outdoor simulations while the performance penalty imposed is considered acceptable. Custom tools have been developed for easy noise texture parameterization and cross-platform compatibility has been demonstrated. Computer Graphics; Computerized Simulation; Education; Simulation 20050010202 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Salisbury, Australia Comparison of Human and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) Judgements of Pairwise Document Similarities for a News Corpus Pincombe, Brandon, ; Sep. 2004; 44 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427585; DODA-AR-013-177; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Pairwise similarity judgement correlations between humans and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) were explored on a set of 50 news documents. LSA is a modern and commonly used technique for automatic determination of document similarity. LSA users must choose local and global weighting schemes, the number of factors to be retained, stop word lists and whether to background. Global weighting schemes had more effect than local weighting schemes. Use of a stop word list almost always improved performance. Introduction of a background set of similar documents increased larger correlations and reduced smaller ones The correlations ranged between approximately 0 and 0.6 depending on the LSA settings indicating the importance of correct settings The low maximum correlation indicates that information presentation schemes based on LSA may often be at variance with visualisations based on human decisions even using the best settings for a data set. Analogies; Information Retrieval; Semantics 20050010210 Teknowledge Corp., Palo Alto, CA USA En-Gauging Architectures Balzer, Robert M., ; Wile, David S., ; Oct. 2004; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-C-0200; DARPA ORDER-K157; Proj-DASA Report No.(s): AD-A427688; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-276; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The goals of the En-gauging Architectures project were (1) to provide community infrastructure that allows programmers to dynamically place probes and gauges into running systems, and (2) to provide dynamic architecture modeling support, specifically for architecture gauges and reconfiguration. In support of (1), our approach was to abstract the experience gained from the Instrumented Connector technology, which allows complex COTS systems running on the Windows platform to be probed, to identify a common run-time infrastructure for a variety of such probe technologies and the facilities needed for those probes to provide inputs to a broad set of gauges. Several DASADA contractors tested the viability of that design by implementing it for their own probe technologies. In support of (2), we developed a COTS infrastructure for analyzing and 139

manipulating architecture models expressed in the Acme architecture description language. We used PowerPoint as an Acme Design Editor that monitors the actual run-time architecture of a system, reifies it into an Acme architecture model, and animates its dynamic behavior through architecture gauges reflected on the screen as a PowerPoint presentation. Measuring Instruments; Systems Analysis 20050010214 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions Gimeishein, S. F., ; Ketsdever, A. D., ; Wadsworth, D. C., ; Sep. 2004; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308; Proj-0468 Report No.(s): AD-A427698; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Numerical modeling of two- and three-dimensional low Reynolds number gas flows from small nozzles has been performed using the direct simulation (DSMC) method. The objective of this effort is to gain an improved understanding of performance and plume interaction phenomena for low thrust devices and thus improve the design and optimization process for a variety of micro-propulsion systems. Simulations were performed for a wide range of flow parameters using the SMILE parallel DSMC code. Validation has been conducted through comparison of mass flow and thrust values obtained numerically with results of experimental measurements carried out recently by AFRL researchers. Computerized Simulation; Distributed Interactive Simulation; Particle Motion; Plumes; Reynolds Number; Simulation; Surface Reactions; Thrust Control 20050010225 Franklin W. Olin Coll. of Engineering, Needham, MA USA Shifting the Computational Paradigm Stein, Lynn A., ; Oct. 2004; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-01-2-0512; DARPA ORDER-L237; Proj-TASK Report No.(s): AD-A427731; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-274; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This contract concerns the development of semantic web infrastructure and tools through the DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) program. (1) Language development. Stein (PI) was original coauthor of the language documents that became the current World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendation for a semantic web language, OWL. (2) Semantic web services and agents. Olin College worked extensively with members of the DAML-S (web services) team to develop an agent-based understanding of semantic web services. The result, described in joint publications, led to a re-envisioning of web services as active participants in a dynamic environment. (3) Document lifecycle tools. Stein and her group developed a set of semantic web based tools for collaborative document authoring and document lifecycle management. These tools were deployed at Olin College and on the DAML website at daml.org. (4) Semantic web maturity assessment. This group evaluated the suitability of existing DAML and semantic web tools for application construction, including a maturity assessment that fed into the DAML program decision to focus on producing a mature tool suite. (5) Meaning on the semantic web. The semantic web marries knowledge representation to massively distributed infrastructure. This project analyzed the failures of traditional centralized, objectivist approaches to meaning in this context. Computer Programs 20050010229 University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition Alam, M. S., ; Awwal, A. A. S., ; Iftekharuddin, K., ; Sep. 2004; 74 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0728; 43004-CT Report No.(s): AD-A427752; ARO-43004.1-C1; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () University of South Alabama segment: In this report, we presented four multiple target tracking algorithms and two data/decision fusion algorithm for efficient target tracking in FLIR imagery. The performance of these algorithms has been evaluated using two approaches - evaluation based on the input scene data complexity, and evaluation based on the correlation output produced by each algorithm. Finally, we investigated target detection in the initial frame of a sequence using two techniques assuming no target information is known a priori. (Details included in the report). University of Memphis segment: 140

We primarily focus on the performance measure characterization for both the dataset and our developed algorithms. We developed a composite metric table with different performance measures that demonstrates the capability of our two specific techniques, such as intensity and correlation algorithms, for detection and tracking. We also developed additional metric such as signal-to-noise ratio and classification for the entire dataset into low, medium and high categories. (Details included in the report). Wright State University segment: In this report, we explored the search engine design which allows for easy plug in of multiple search methods. Therefore, scenes can be evaluated based upon the performance of different matching algorithms. The key idea of this search method is to take advantage of the divide and concur concept. Instead of searching for a pattern in a large image, a smart approach is taken to divide the image space into overlapping pattern of sub-images. Search is then based on upon best match with sub- image. (Details included in the report). Detection; Target Acquisition; Target Recognition 20050010243 Department of Defense, Washington, DC USA Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual Jul. 2004; 178 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427785; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Part 1 of the Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans (the UFP-QAPP Manual), prepared by the Intergovernmental Data Quality Task Force (IDQTF), provides instructions for preparing Quality Assurance Project Plans (QAPPs). It is the companion document to the IDQTF s Uniform Federal Policy for Implementing Environmental Quality Systems (UFP-QS). The UFP-QS was developed to consistently implement the quality system requirements of ANSI/ASQ EA, Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs - Requirements with guidance for use, Section 5 (Part A). Similarly, this UFP-QAPP Manual has been developed to consistently implement the project-specific requirements in Section 6 of that standard (ANSI/ASQ E4). This Manual requires that QAPP be approved for all environmental data collection projects. The QAPP will integrate technical and quality control aspects of a project throughout its life cycle, including planning, implementation, assessment, and corrective actions. The QAPP will present the steps that will be taken to ensure that environmental data collected are of the correct type and quality required for specific decision or use. It will present an organized and systematic description of the ways in which quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) will be applied to the collection and use of environmental data. Data Acquisition; Data Management; Hazardous Wastes; Manuals; Policies; Quality Control 20050010249 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing Arn, Krissa E., ; Jun. 2004; 137 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00030-04-C-0010 Report No.(s): AD-A427802; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () Traditional vibration measurement methods involve placing accelerometers at discrete locations on a test object. In cases where the test specimen is small in mass, the addition of these measurement transducers can alter its dynamic behavior and lead to erroneous test data. In this thesis a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System has been designed, built, and tested for electronic board testing. Through a product design process, all feasible methods were considered and three optically based concepts were explored: holographic interferometry, area scaling, and displacement sensor grid. Through concept testing and analysis, the displacement sensor grid method was chosen for the design. The final system incorporates four laser displacement sensors with a vertical scrolling mechanism that attaches to the vibration table s side rails. This manual scanning system provides a quick, low cost method for capturing multiple points on the test object during vibration testing. The MATLAB based software package acquires the raw sensor output and processes it with a five step analysis program. With this software, an 8x4 grid of electronic board displacements were easily transformed into a movie showing the board displacing through its first mode. The system requires the sensors be positioned 1cm away from the test object with the sensors reading up to 1mm of movement. The sensors have a maximum sample rate of 7.8 khz and can be used to measure the displacements of any surface type or material. The measurement grid resolution is 0.7 inches horizontally and 0.4 inches vertically. Testing showed that the system captured the natural frequency and peak displacement of the board s first mode within 1.5% accuracy and 0.7% accuracy respectively when compared with previous accelerometer grid testing. A hardware 141

and software manual are included for reference at the end of this thesis along with a software CD. Accelerometers; Computer Programs; Detection; Optical Measurement; Vibration; Vibration Measurement 20050010251 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) Hanna, James, ; Hillman, Robert, ; Oct. 2004; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-450T Report No.(s): AD-A427806; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-273; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The Air Force is developing a Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) framework under sponsorship of the High Performance Computer Modernization Office Common High Performance Computing Software Support Initiative (HPCMO/CHSSI). The DIEMS framework provides a design analysis environment for deployable distributed information management systems. DIEMS establishes the necessary analysis capability allowing developers to identify and mitigate programmatic risk early within the development cycle to allow successful deployment of the associated systems. The enterprise-modeling framework builds upon the Synchronous Parallel Environment for Emulation and Discrete-Event Simulation (SPEEDES) foundation. This simulation framework will utilize Challenge Problem class resources to address more than five million information objects and hundreds of thousands of clients comprising the future information based force structure. The simulation framework will be capable of assessing deployment aspects such as security, quality of service, and fault tolerance. SPEEDES provides an ideal foundation to support simulation of distributed information systems on a multiprocessor platform. SPEEDES allows the simulation builder to perform optimistic parallel processing on high performance computers, networks of workstations, or combinations of networked computers and HPC platforms. Computerized Simulation; Distributed Processing; Simulation 20050010253 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors Boehm, Barry, ; Medvidovic, Nenad, ; Oct. 2004; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-DASA Report No.(s): AD-A427812; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-275; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This effort provided innovative capabilities for two key stages of software development. During specification and design time, component mismatch detection gauges are provided, indicating the particular type, dimension, and value of the mismatch. This mapped into the taxonomy of software architectural connectors used for resolving the mismatch. Examples of mappings from the mismatches into the effective classes of connectors included procedure calls, events, arbitrators, adaptors, and distributors. This effort also developed techniques for specifying and analyzing properties of product line architectures (PLAs) and extended existing architecture analysis techniques and tools for dynamic composition and assessment/verification to ensure that the selected components and connectors were appropriately configured and dynamically integrated into the operational system. For the deployment and run time stage, this effort focused on application architectures and gauges tailored for distributed, mobile, heterogeneous, and possibly resource constrained platforms. Several different gauges were provided: I) gauges for assessing new component versions when performing component upgrades, 2) gauges for assessing properties of heterogeneous connectors, and finally, 3) gauges to support awareness and quality of service (QoS) for distributed applications. The research also extended these gauges based on a problem-driven set of priorities. Computer Programs; Connectors; Heterogeneity; Knowledge Based Systems 20050010263 Kentucky Univ., Lexington, KY USA Advanced Electromagnetic Modeling Gedney, Stephen D., ; Oct. 2004; 45 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA972-01-1-0022 Report No.(s): AD-A427824; EMG-04-001; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report presents a fast, high-order hybrid volume/surface integral equation formulation developed under the DARPA VET program for the electromagnetic scattering by composite material targets. The solution is based on a high-order method 142

of moment discretization with quadrature point collocation scheme, shown to be equivalent to the Locally Corrected Nystrom formulation. The general solution procedure has been incorporated into the University of Kentucky Mat-Scat software. Mat-Scat also supports fast iterative solvers, including the Quadrature-Sampled Pre-Corrected FFT and the Fast Multipole Method. Also discussed is a high-order mesh processing software, Mesh Tool, used to generate high-order mesh descriptions of complex objects for simulation via Mat-Scat. Electromagnetic Scattering 20050010269 Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases Defraigne, P., ; Bruyninx, C., ; Roosbeek, F., ; Sep. 2004; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427832; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () To contribute to TAI, the Royal Observatory of Belgium (ROB) routinely performs all-inview time transfer using an Ashtech Z-XII3T GPS receiver and the in-house-developed RINEXCGGTTS conversion software. In order to anticipate the renewal of that kind of time transfer equipment, the ROB started to test a new geodetic GPS receiver, the PolaRx2, developed by Septentrio (Belgium), for suitability for time transfer applications. Our results, obtained using codes as well as carrier phases, show that this receiver is very promising, with a 1 pps input port, and a very low noise level on the codes. However, we proposed and started to evaluate some hardware and firmware adaptations to improve its performances for continuous and precise (sub-ns) time transfer. The present firmware release indeed introduces clock discontinuities at each receiver reset, and produces variations at the level of tenths of nanosecond due to internal temperature variations related to changes in the processor load (depending on the number of used channels). Frequencies; Global Positioning System; Receivers 20050010282 Timing Solutions Corp., Boulder, CO USA Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery Celano, Tom, ; Biggs, Casey, ; Lombardi, Michael, ; Sep. 2004; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427851; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The LORAN-C network is being recapitalized to serve as a backup to GPS for navigation and timing. LORAN-C is being investigated as a precision (sub 100 ns) time recovery system for use in the continental USA. Traditionally, LORAN-C time recovery has been limited by propagation effects (both spatial and temporal) to provide time recovery in the microsecond range. By employing common-view techniques long used in GPS, the potential exists to enhance time recovery performance by over an order of magnitude using LORAN-C. The LORAN-C accuracy Panel (run by the US Coast Guard) has sponsored a research project to collect data and determine the performance level for time recovery using common-view LORAN-C. This paper presents the results of that work. This paper begins with a short overview of the LORAN-C recapitalization project, with an emphasis on timing enhancements at the transmitting stations. A description of the commonview LORAN-C test network follows. Data collected in Boulder will be corrected via commonview using a near field station and a far field station. Results will be analyzed to determine the dependence of time recovery precision on distance. Global Positioning System; Loran C; Navigation Aids 20050010356 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Recommendations for a New and Improved ORCA Modeling System Blast Module Litt, Owen P., ; Sep. 2004; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A428071; ARL-TR-3320; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The blast module of the Operational Requirement-based Casualty Assessment (ORCA) modeling system computer software package was reviewed and compared to the WRAIR blast injury model (INJURY). As a result, recommendations are presented in this report to improve ORCA by expanding it capabilities consistent with INJURY results and to expand the ORCA input-output capabilities. The recommended improvements include incorporating a newly developed ORCA 143

mathematical lethality/injury blast effects model and its computer implementation, ORCA model changes, and expanded user interaction capabilities. Injuries 20050010378 Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA USA Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments Loftin, R. B., ; Scerbo, Mark W., ; McKenzie, Rick, ; Catanzaro, Jean M., ; Bailey, Nathan R., ; Phillips, Mark A., ; Perry1, Gaye, ; Apr. 2004; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A428142; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy No abstract available Education; Virtual Reality 20050019170 Intertrust Technologies Corp., Santa Clara, CA USA Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection Ginter, Karl L., Inventor; Shear, Victor H., Inventor; Spahn, Francis J., Inventor; Van Wie, David M., Inventor; Jul. 2002; 55 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A423264; PATENT-6 427 140; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The present invention provides systems and methods for secure transaction management and electronic rights protection. Electronic appliances such as computers equipped in accordance with the present invention help to ensure that information is accessed and used only in authorized ways, and maintain the integrity, availability, and/or confidentiality of the information. Such electronic appliances provide a distributed virtual distribution environment (VDE) that may enforce a secure chain of handling and control, for example, to control and/or meter or otherwise monitor use of electronically stored or disseminated information. Such a virtual distribution environment may be used to protect the rights of various participants in electronic commerce and other electronic or electronic-facilitated transactions. Distributed and other operating systems, environments, and architectures, such as, for example, those using tamper-resistant, hardware-based processors, may establish security at each node. These techniques may be used to support an all-electronic information distribution utilizing the electronic highway. In general, the present invention can be used to protect the rights of parties who have proprietary or confidentiality interests in electronic information (it can help ensure that information is used only in authorized ways); the rights of parties who have financial interests resulting from the use of electronically distributed information (it can help ensure that content providers will be paid for the use of distributed information); and the rights of parties who have interests in electronic credit and electronic currency storage, communication, and/or use, including electronic cash, banking, and purchasing. VDE protects the property rights of authors of electronic content, the commercial rights of distributors of content, the privacy rights of users of content, and the privacy rights of parties portrayed by stored and/or distributed content. Data Transmission; Protection; Pulse Communication; Security; Systems Management 20050019171 Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS USA ReSpell Checkgional Morphology Analysis Package (RMAP), Part 1, Overview Batten, Brian K.; Kraus, Nicholas C.; Sep. 2004; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427809; ERDC/RSM-TN-16-Pt-1; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This regional Sediment Management (RSM) Technical Note describes the Regional Morphology Analysis Package (RMAP), an integrated set of tools developed for manipulating, analyzing, visualizing, and archiving data on shoreline positions and beach profiles in a georeferenced environment on a personal computer. Information can be referenced to and displayed on aerial photographs and maps. Developed to support regional as well as local project studies, data types and analysis procedures are applicable to coasts, estuaries, and rivers. This technical note provides an overview of RMAP. Future technical notes in the RMAP series will describe specific features and new capabilities. Morphology; Sediment Transport 20050019175 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders Kipps, James R.; Marti, Jed B.; Jan. 1992; 50 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA903-91-C-0006 Report No.(s): AD-A428187; RAND/N-3300-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 144

The User-Assisted Translation of Operational Plans (UATOP) project and Anticipating Combat Ammunition Consumption (ACAC) project are building tools to assist Division Ammunition Officers (DAOs) in anticipating ammunition consumption before battle. This capability is a vital component of logistics operations in the Army s emerging AirLand Operations doctrine. Operating with future Army information systems, the program will examine operation orders (OPORDs) and simulate the battle and potential courses of action to estimate consumption quantity and location of high-cost, high-weight munitions. Significantly improving the DAO s capability will increase combat unit effectiveness by minimizing the amount of extra ammunition that must be carried by a unit if oversupplied, thus freeing up vehicles and enabling more rapid deployment. Likewise, the system will pinpoint potential undersupply problems before the battle. A key to the ACAC simulation technology is the ability for the simulation to understand the contents of OPORDs. This includes establishing task force organization and locating and translating the tasks to perform. Because OPORDs contain English directives written for people and not machines, current machine-translation techniques are not directly suitable for extracting OPORD data. RAND has developed a new machine-translation approach that takes advantage of the prescribed 5-paragraph format of OPORDs to identify and isolate pertinent pieces of information. This approach uses concise and clear rules to antomatically generate programs that take as input textual OPORDs, such as those transmitted through the Maneuver Control System (MCS), extracts the desired data, and outputs this data as input to other computer systems. This report describes the structure and operation of the OPORG translation system. (9 figures, 12 refs.) Compilers; Extraction; Machine Translation; Parsing Algorithms 20050019176 Visitech Ltd., Alexandria, VA USA Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations Blake, Donna W.; Hummel, John R.; Jun. 2004; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): GS-00F-0045N Report No.(s): AD-A428224; TR-MORS006; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The performance of military systems (platforms, sensors and weapons) for real world operations is affected by both natural environment conditions and human performance. As shown in an earlier presentation (MORSS 71) human performance (decision making) is linked directly to the scenario environment conditions, present and past. As the Navy moves to increased automation on board ships, the software developed must incorporate the interaction of human performance (decision making) and the scenario environment conditions. The Systems Engineering Concept Model (SECM) is being used in several Navy programs to capture and analyze all relevant entities, their attributes and their interactions in a defined military scenario, first from the real world view and then from the software perspective. The process can be used to capture the functional requirements that insure the relevant interactions between the decision making and the scenario environment conditions are identified. Computer Programs; Consistency; Decision Making; Human Performance; Simulation 62 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Includes computer networks and distributed processing systems. For information systems see 82 Documentation and Information Science. For computer systems applied to specific applications, see the associated category. 20040201465 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA An Approach to Vulnerability Assessment for Navy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems Hart, Dennis J., ; Sep. 2004; 182 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427332; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The unfortunate events of September 11, 2001 have caused a renewed effort to protect our Nation s Critical Infrastructures. SCADA systems are relied upon in a large number of the sectors that make up the critical infrastructure, and their importance was reinforced during the massive power outage that occurred in August 2003. Growing reliance upon the Internet has emphasized the vulnerability of SCADA system communications to cyber attack. Only through diligent and continuous vulnerability assessment and certification and accreditation of these systems will the USA be able to mitigate some of the vulnerabilities of these systems. A case study presented here has validated the need for continued focus in this area. This thesis consolidates some of the research that has already been done in the area of SCADA vulnerability assessment and applies 145

it by developing an initial vulnerability assessment checklist for Department of the Navy systems. This checklist can and should also be used in the certification and accreditation of DoN SCADA systems. A promising technology was also discovered during this research that should be explored further to secure SCADA communications. This will be touched on briefly. Data Acquisition; Navy; Vulnerability 20040201466 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network Rowlands, Dennis, ; Shumaker, Todd, ; Sep. 2004; 149 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427537; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This research thoroughly examines the current Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network security posture, identifies any possible threats or vulnerabilities, and recommends any appropriate safeguards that may be necessary to counter the found threats and vulnerabilities. The research includes any portion of computer security, physical security, personnel security, and communication security that may be applicable to the overall security of both the.mil and.edu domains. The goal of the research was to ensure that the campus network is operating with the proper amount of security safeguards to protect the confidentiality, integrity, availability, and authenticity adequately from both insider and outsider threats. Risk analysis was performed by assessing all of the possible threat and vulnerability combinations to determine the likelihood of exploitation and the potential impact the exploitation could have on the system, the information, and the mission of the Naval Postgraduate School. The results of the risk assessment performed on the network are to be used by the Designated Approving ity of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit network when deciding whether to accredit the system. Assessments; Client Server Systems; Risk; Schools; Security 20050001295 Porto Univ., Portugal An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies Serrano, J. M.; Sanchez-Marahon, M.; Sanchez, Daniel; Vila, M. A.; Delgado, G.; Calero, J.; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 78-79; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this work, we start from a database built with soil information from heterogeneous scientific sources (Local Soil Databases, LSDB). We call this an Aggregated Soil Database (ASDB). We are interested in determining if knowledge obtained by means of fuzzy association rules or fuzzy approximate dependencies can represent adequately expert knowledge for a soil scientific, familiarized with the study zone. A master relation between two soil attributes was selected and studied by the expert, in both ASDB and LSDB. Obtained results reveal that knowledge extracted by means of fuzzy data mining tools is significantly better than crisp one. Moreover, it is highly satisfactory from the soil scientific expert s point of view, since it manages with more flexibility imprecision factors (IFASDB) commonly related to this type of information. Data Bases; Soils; Fuzzy Systems; Management Planning 20050001296 Porto Univ., Portugal An XML-Based Bootstrapping Method For Pattern Acquisition Zeng, Xing-Jie; Li, Fang; Zhang, Dong-Mo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 52-53; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Extensible Markup Language (XML) has been widely used as a middleware because of its flexibility. Fixed domain is one of the bottlenecks of Information Extraction (IE) technologies. In this paper we present a XML-based domain-adaptable bootstrapping method of pattern acquisition, which focuses on minimizing the cost of domain migration. The approach starts from a seed corpus with some seed patterns; extends the corpus based on the seed corpus through the Internet and acquires the new patterns from extended corpus. Positive and negative examples been classified from training corpus are used to evaluate the patterns acquired. The result shows our method is a practical way in pattern acquisitions. Pattern Recognition; Document Markup Languages 146

20050001298 Porto Univ., Portugal Using MAS To Solve Producer Customer Transport Problems Frankovic, Baltazar; Dang, Tung; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 53; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper deals with a problem of using multi-agent technology to simulate and resolve the planning problems. Concretely, multi-agent systems (MAS) are used in studying and resolving the optimization problems within the Producer-Customer-Transport (PCT) domain. Resolution; Domains; Computerized Simulation 20050001299 Porto Univ., Portugal Mining the Relationships in the Form of the Predisposing Factors and Co-Incident Factors Among Numerical Dynamic Attributes in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Techniques Kooptiwoot, Suwimon; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 65; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Temporal mining is a natural extension of data mining with added capabilities of discovering interesting patterns, inferring relationships of contextual and temporal proximity and may also lead to possible cause-effect associations. Temporal mining covers a wide range of paradigms for knowledge modeling and discovery. A common practice is to discover frequent sequences and patterns of a single variable. In this paper we present a new algorithm which is the combination of many existing ideas consists of the reference event as proposed in (Bettini, Wang et al. 1998), the event detection technique proposed in (Guralnik and Srivastava 1999), the large fraction proposed in (Mannila, Toivonen et al. 1997), the causal inference proposed in (Blum 1982) We use all of these ideas to build up our new algorithm for the discovery of multi-variable sequences in the form of the predisposing factor and co-incident factor of the reference event of interest. We define the event as positive direction of data change or negative direction of data change above a threshold value. From these patterns we infer predisposing and co-incident factors with respect to a reference variable. For this purpose we study the Open Source Software data collected from SourceForge website. Out of 240+ attributes we only consider thirteen time dependent attributes such as Page-views, Download, Bugs0, Bugs1, Support0, Support1, Patches0, Patches1, Tracker0, Tracker1, Tasks0, Tasks1 and CVS. These attributes indicate the degree and patterns of activities of projects through the course of their progress. The number of the Download is a good indication of the progress of the projects. So we use the Download as the reference attribute. We also test our algorithm with four synthetic data sets include noise up to 50%. The results show that our algorithm can work well and tolerate to the noise data. Data Mining; Time Series Analysis; Numerical Analysis; Algorithms 20050001300 Porto Univ., Portugal Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution Zhuang, Li Qun; Zhang, Jing Bing; Ng, Bryan Tsong Jye; Zhao, Yi Zhi; Tang, Yue; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 77; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents a dynamic negotiation framework for real-time execution in self-organized manufacturing environments. The negotiation strategies in this framework bridge the gap between distributed negotiation of self-interested agents and cooperative negotiation among agent groups. In particular, the proposed framework is based on the model of Performance and Cost for Manufacturing Execution (PCME). By forming the dynamic organization called agent consortium, individual agent negotiates over the PCME in order to optimize the resource allocation under time constraints and uncertainty of job execution, and resolves the conflicts to fulfill the goal of the overall system. The ultimate goal of the framework is to reduce the negotiation time, make effective use of resources, adapt to the changes in execution and increase the throughput of the entire system. Experimental work based on PCME has been carried out to demonstrate the high performance of this approach despite unanticipated and dynamic changes in the manufacturing execution environments. Manufacturing; Real Time Operation 20050001306 Porto Univ., Portugal Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison Colace, Francesco; Foggia, Pasquale; Vento, Mario; DeSanto, Massimo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 64; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 147

The manual determination of Bayesian Network structure or, more in general, of the probabilistic models, in particular in the case of remarkable dimensions domains, can be complex, time consuming and imprecise. Therefore, in the last years the interest of the scientific community ir learning bayesian network structure from data is considerably increased. In fact, many techniques or disciplines, as data mining, text categorization, ontology description, can take advantages from this type of processes. In this paper we will describe some possible approaches to the structural learning of bayesian networks and introduce in detail some algorithms deriving from these ones. We will aim to compare results obtained using the main algorithms on databases normally used in literature. With this aim, we have selected and implemented five algorithms more used in literature. We will estimate the algorithms performances both considering the network topological reconstruction both the correct orientation of the obtained arcs. Bayes Theorem; Data Mining; Domains; Data Bases; Algorithms 20050001309 Porto Univ., Portugal Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants Herrero, Pilar; Mendez, Gonzalo; deantonio, Angelica; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 73-74; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Educational Virtual Environments arc: gaining popularity as tools to enhance student learning. These environments are often used to allow students to experience situations that would be difficult, costly, or impossible in the physical world. At the Technical University of Madrid we have developed several applications to explore the use of intelligent tutors in VR. In this paper we present two of these applications which have been used for training in radiological protection in Nuclear Power Plants (NPP). These applications are inhabited by avatars and/or agents which are continuously monitoring the state of the environment and manipulating it periodically through virtual motor actions. Our applications help students learn to perform physical, procedural tasks in some different risky areas of NPP. Virtual Reality; Education; Radiation Protection; Nuclear Power Plants 20050001313 Porto Univ., Portugal The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management Hu, Hsun-Cheng; Li, Sheng-Tun; Shue, Li-Yen; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 66; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Many researchers in knowledge management point out that the first step toward knowledge management is the management of documents. However, the complexity imbedded in some documents could present great difficulty for most methodologies t deal with. The knowledge content for building an excellent quality management system that complies with ISO 9001 falls into this category; this knowledge is characterized by multi-dimensionality and knowledge embedment through various procedures and forms. We applied Ontology, which is a new approach in AI for better presenting knowledge structure of a domain, to develop a knowledge-based ISO 9001 quality management system for a Taiwanese chemical company that has to refer to a total of 175 ISO manuals. This system is built with Protege 2000 as the knowledge platform, and we follow the development process recommended by Ontology Engineering of Toronto Virtual Enterprise. One main feature of the system is its capability of understanding the semantic of documents, which is a vital part of the inference mechanism in answering user s queries. Knowledge Based Systems; Artificial Intelligence; Total Quality Management 20050001314 Porto Univ., Portugal An Experience with the Neural Network for Auto-Landing System of an Aircraft Anavatti, Sreenatha; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 66; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Generalization by the Neural Networks is an added advantage that can provide very good robustness and disturbance rejection properties. By providing a sufficient number of training samples (inputs and their corresponding outputs) a network can deal with some inputs it has never seen before. This ability makes them very interesting for control applications because not only they can learn complicated control functions but they are able to respond to changing or unexpected environments. Aircraft landing system provides one such scenario wherein the flight conditions change quite dramatically over the path of descent. The present work discusses the training of a neural network to imitate a robust controller for auto-landing of an 148

aircraft. The comparisons with the robust controller indicate the additional advantages of the neural network. The effects of disturbance and sensitivity analysis are presented to high light the generalization property of the neural network. Landing Aids; Neural Nets; Automatic Control; Aeronautics 20050001321 Porto Univ., Portugal Mining Sequential Patterns with Regular Expression Constraints Using Sequential Pattern Tree Younis, Mohamed; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 61; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The significant growth of sequence database sizes in recent years increase the importance of developing new techniques for data organization and query processing. Discovering sequential patterns is an important problem in data mining with a host of application domains. For effectiveness and efficiency consideration, constraints are essential for many sequential applications In this paper, we give a brief review of different sequential pattern mining algorithms, and then introduce a new algorithm (termed NewSPIRIT) for mining frequent sequential patterns that satisfy user specified regular expression constraints. The general idea of our algorithm is to us,_= a finite state automata to represent the regular expression constraints and build a sequential pattern tree that represents all sequences of data which satisfy this constraints by scanning the database of sequences only once. Experimental results shows that our NewSPIRIT is much more efficient than existing algorithms. Data Management; Data Mining; Sequencing; Algorithms 20050001322 Porto Univ., Portugal Robust, Generalized, Quick and Efficient Agglomerative Clustering Wallace, Manolis; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 72; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Hierarchical approaches, which are dominated by the generic agglomerative clustering algorithm, are suitable for cases in which the count of distinct clusters in the data is not known a priori; this is not a rare case in real data. On the other hand, important problems are related to their application, such as susceptibility to errors in the initial steps that propagate all the way to the final output and high complexity. Finally, similarly to all other clustering techniques, their efficiency decreases as the dimensionality of their input increases. In this paper we propose a robust, generalized, quick and efficient extension to the generic agglomerative clustering process. Robust refers to the proposed approach s ability to overcome the classic algorithm s susceptibility to errors in the initial steps, generalized to its ability to simultaneously consider multiple distance metrics, quick to its suitability for application to larger datasets via the application of the computationally expensive components to only a subset of the available data samples and efficient to its ability to produce results that are comparable to those of trained classifiers, largely outperforming the generic agglomerative process. Algorithms; Cluster Analysis; Robustness (Mathematics) 20050001328 Porto Univ., Portugal BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports Alahakoon, Damminda; Dissanayake, Parakrama; Lokuge, Prasanna; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 58; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Vessel scheduling in container terminals has to undergo various vague constraints of different issues and often use uncertain dynamically changing data. Faster turnaround time of the vessels in berths has direct impact on the improvement of terminals productivity. The need for an intelligent system that dynamically adapts to the changing environment is apparent, as there is limited number of berths and resources available in container terminals for delivering services to vessels. BDI (Beliefs, Desires and Intentions) agents are being proposed in a complex collaborative environment in the vessel scheduling assuring better management and control in the terminal. BDI agents to deal with many criteria and different goals with uncertain beliefs, it is proposed that fuzzy associative men lory to use in the planning process of the BDI architecture facilitating better decision making in the whole process. In this paper we propose hybrid BDI architecture with fuzzy associative memory in handling uncertainty issues of the vessel berthing in container terminals. Execution of Plans in a collaborative multi agent environment would be strengthened with the introduction of fuzzy associative memory in BDI agents. Plans in the BDI agents are being constructed at different stages in order to achieve current desires. This would 149

facilitate agents to observe dynamic changes in the environment and to be reflected in the next levels of planning. Associative Memory; Fuzzy Systems; Architecture (Computers); Belief Networks 20050001329 Porto Univ., Portugal Dynamic Diagnosis of Active Systems with Fragmented Observations Lamperti, Gianfranco; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 58-59; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Diagnosis of discrete-event systems (DESs) is a complex and challenging task. Typical application domains include telecommunication networks, power networks, and digital-hardware networks. Recent blackouts in northern America and southern Europe offer evidence for the claim that automated diagnosis of large-scale DESs is a major requirement for the reliability of this sort of critical systems. The paper is meant as a little step toward this direction. A technique for the dynamic diagnosis of active systems with uncertain observations is presented. The essential contribution of the method lies in its ability to cope with uncertainty conditions while monitoring the systems, by generating diagnostic information at the occurrence of each newly-received fragment of observation. Uncertainty stems, on the one hand, from the complexity and distribution of the systems, where noise may affect the communication channels between the system and the control rooms, on the other, from the multiplicity of such channels, which is bound to relax the absolute temporal ordering of the observable events generated by the system during operation. The solution of these diagnostic problems requires nonmonotonic reasoning, where estimates of the system state and the relevant candidate diagnoses may not survive the occurrence of new observation fragments. Telecommunication; Uncertain Systems; Dynamical Systems 20050001340 Porto Univ., Portugal Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections Fotzo, Hermine Njike; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 70; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources With the development and the availability of large textual corpora, there is a need for enriching and organizing these corpora so as to make easier the research and navigation among the documents. The Semantic Web research focuses on augmenting ordinary Web pages with semantics. Indeed, wealth of information exists today in electronic form, they cannot be easily processed by computers due to lack of external semantics. Furthermore, the semantic addition is an help for user to locate, process information and compare documents contents. For now, Semantic Web research has been focused on the standardization, internal structuring of pages, and sharing of ontologies in a variety of domains. Concerning external structuring, hypertext and information retrieval communities propose to indicate relations between documents via hyperlinks o by organizing documents into concepts hierarchies, both being manually developed. We consider here the problem of automatically structuring and organizing corpora in a way that reflects semantic relations between documents. We propose ar algorithm for automatically inferring concepts hierarchies from a corpus. We then show how this method may be used to create specialization/generalization links between documents leading to document hierarchies. As a byproduct, documents are annotated with keywords giving the main concepts present in the documents. We also introduce numerical criteria for measuring the relevance of the automatically generated hierarchies and describe some experiments performed on data from the LookSmart and New Scientist web sites. Algorithms; Data Links; Hierarchies; Information Retrieval; Semantics 20050001341 Porto Univ., Portugal Towards High Dimensional Data Mining With Boosting Of PSVM And Visualization Tools Do, Thanh-Nghi; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 72; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In the recent years support vector machines (SVM) have been successfully applied to a large number of applications. Training a SVM usually needs a quadratic programming, so that the learning task for large data sets requires large memory capacity and a long time. Proximal SVM proposed by Fung and Mangasarian is a new SVM formulation. It is very fast to train because it requires only the solution of a linear system. We have used the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula to adapt the PSVM to process data sets with a very large number of attributes. We have extended this idea by applying boosting to PSVM for mining massive data sets with simultaneously very large number of data points and attributes. We have evaluated its 150

performance on UCI, Twonorm, Ringnorm, Reuters-2t 578 and Ndc data sets. We also propose a new graphical tool for trying to interpret the results of the new algorithm by displaying the separating frontier between classes of the data set. This can help the user to deeply understand how the new algorithm can work. Data Mining; Scientific Visualization; Machine Learning; Vector Processing (Computers) 20050001342 Porto Univ., Portugal Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections Ayad, Ayad Fekry; Salem, Abdel-Badeeh; Syiam, Mostafa; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 45-46; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) has shown to be a stable neural network model for high- dimensional data analysis. However, its applicability is limited by the fact that some knowledge about the data is required to define the size of the network. In this paper the Growing Hierarchical SOM (GHSOM) is proposed. This dynamically growing architecture evolves into a hierarchical structure of self-organizing maps according to the characteristics of input data. Furthermore, each map is expanded until it represents the corresponding subset of the data at specific level. We demonstrate the benefits of this novel model using a real world example from the document-clustering domain. Comparison between both models (SOM & GHSOM), was held to explain the difference and investigate the benefits of using GHSOM. Neural Nets; Artificial Intelligence; Architecture (Computers); Documents 20050001346 Porto Univ., Portugal Problems Resolution In MATHNET System Labidi, Sofiane; Borges, Helder; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 50; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We proposed and developed an component to problems resolution within MATHNET Project environment. This project is result of the integration of the Computer Assisted Learning and Cooperative Learning paradigms, and that implements a computer model to interactive environment of Cooperative Teaching and Learning based on multiple artificial and human agents, placed on a computer net structure, making use of several multimedia resources. The MATHNET nucleus is made of small software packs that effectively implement the Cooperative Learning paradigm. Due to its total integration with the computer, the use of multimedia resource and net technologies offer new opportunities on the educational field, challenging the traditional pedagogical methods to benefit the learning process. On this paper, we present the structure and the architecture of an Resolving Problem Assistant, that have the following objectives: a) will carry fixation or evaluation problems to the student resolve them, regarding the apprentice profile; b) help the learner when necessary on the problem s resolution and c) passing on an opinion about a solution found by an apprentice after analysing it. Education; Educational Resources; Computer Assisted Instruction 20050001348 Porto Univ., Portugal A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions Garcia, Juan Moreno; Linares, Luis Jimenez; CastroSanchez, Jose Jesus; Lopez, Victor Raul; Banos, Jose; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 58; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This work shows a fuzzy model of the indebtedness for the Spanish autonomous regions that is obtained using approximate reasoning and induction methods. So, the algorithm ADRI is used to induce a linguistic model composed by a set of fuzzy rules. The quality of this linguistic model will be checked and its interpretation will be shown. Autonomy; Mathematical Models; Fuzzy Systems 20050001351 Porto Univ., Portugal Mining the Relationship in the Form of Predisposing Factor and Co-Incident in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Ideas with a New Idea from the Fact in The Chemical Reaction Kooptiwoot, Suwimon; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 65; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 151

In this work we propose new algorithms from the combination of many existing ideas consisting of the reference event as proposed in (Bettini, Wang et al. 1998), the event detection technique proposed in (Guralnik and Srivastava 1999), the causal inference proposed in (Blum 1982; Blum 1982) and the new idea about the character of the catalyst seen in the chemical reaction. We use all of these ideas to build up our algorithms to mine the predisposing factor and co-incident factor of the reference event of interest. We apply our algorithms with OSS (Open Source Software) data set and show the result. We also test our algorithms with four synthetic data sets include noise up to 50%. The results show that our algorithms can work well and tolerate to noise data. Algorithms; Time Series Analysis; Data Mining; Chemical Reactions 20050001353 Porto Univ., Portugal A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning delatorre, Jose Maria; Delgado, Miguel; Gibaja, Eva; Bailon, Antonio B.; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 73; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Case Based Learning is an approach to automatic learning and reasoning based on the use of the knowledge gained in past experiences to solve new problems. To suggest a solution for a new problem it is necessary to search for similar problems in the base of problems for which we know their solutions. After selecting one or more similar problems their solutions are used to elaborate a suggested solution for the new problem. Associative memories recover patterns based on their similarity with a new input pattern. This behaviour made them useful to store the base of cases of a Case Based Reasoning system. In this paper we analyze the use of a special model of associative memory named CCLAM \cite{bailon2002a} with this objective. To test the potentiality of the tool we will discuss its use in a particular application: the detection of the health of a company. Automatic Control; Machine Learning 20050001370 Porto Univ., Portugal Databases Reduction Aguilar-Ruiz, Jesus S.; Riquelme, Jose C.; Sanchez, Roberto Ruiz; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 68-69; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Progress in digital data acquisition and storage technology has resulted in the growth of huge databases. A great quantity of information. Nevertheless, these techniques often have high computational cost. Then, it is advisable to apply a preprocessin,t phase to reduce the complexity time. These preprocessing techniques are fundamentally oriented to either of the next goals: horizontal reduction of the databases or feature selection; and vertical reduction or editing. In this paper we present a new proposal to reduce databases applying sequentially vertical and horizontal reduction technics. They are based in our original works, and they use a projection concept as a method to choose examples and representative features. Results obtained are very satisfactory, because the reduced database offers the same knowledge with low added computational cost. Data Bases; Digital Data; Data Storage 20050001375 Porto Univ., Portugal Hybrid Expert System for the Selection of Rapid Prototyping Processes Marir, Farhi; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 73; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources A wide variety of rapid prototyping processes are available, each with different and unique features. Selecting the most suitable process for a given prototype: can be difficult and costly if a mistake is made. In this paper, the design of a knowledge based system to support the selection of a rapid prototyping process is presented. The method utilizes a hybrid expert system which is formulated to interrogate the acquired data streams from a rapid prototyping model simulator for the purpose of comparative studies with the knowledge base. Expert Systems; Knowledge Based Systems; Rapid Prototyping 20050001378 Porto Univ., Portugal Visualizing Software Project Analogies To Support Cost Estimation Auer, Martin; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 77-78; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 152

Software cost estimation is a crucial task in software project portfolio decisions like start scheduling, resource allocation, or bidding. A variety of estimation methods have been proposed to support estimators. Especially the analogy-based approach-- based on a project s similarities with past projects---has been reported as both efficient and relatively transparent. However, it: performance was typically measured automatically and the effect of human estimators sanity checks was neglected. Thus, this paper proposes the visualization of high-dimensional software project portfolio data using multidimensional scaling (MDS) We (i) propose data preparation steps for an MDS visualization of software portfolio data, (ii) visualize several real-world industry project portfolio data sets and quantify the achieved approximation quality to assess the feasibility, and (iii) outline the expected benefits referring to the visualized portfolios properties. This approach offers several promising benefits by enhancing portfolio data understanding and by providing intuitive means for estimators to assess an estimate s plausibility. Analogies; Computer Programs; Cost Estimates; Scientific Visualization 20050001379 Porto Univ., Portugal Towards Visual Data Mining Poulet, Francois; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 72-73; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper, we present our work in a new data mining approach called Visual Data Mining (VDM). This new approach tries to involve more intensively the user (being the data expert not a data mining or analysis specialist) in the data mining process and to increase the part of the visualization in this process. The visualisation part can be increased with cooperative tools: the visualisation is used as a pre or post processing step of usual (automatic) data mining algorithms, or the visualisation tools can be used instead of the usual automatic algorithms. All these topics are addressed in this paper with an evaluation of the algorithms presented and a discussion of the interactive algorithms compared with automatic ones. All this work must be improved in order to allow the data specialists to use efficiently these kinds of algorithms to solve their problems. Algorithms; Data Mining; Scientific Visualization 20050001381 Porto Univ., Portugal Multilayer Perceptrons Technique in Classifying Stocks: A Case Study of Egyptian Stocks Exchange Abdelaal, Medhat; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 46; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Classification rates on out-of-sample predictions can often be improved through the use of model selection when fitting a model on the training data. In this paper, the multilayer perceptron neural network using the back-propagation algorithm is studies for the classification of financial variables of the Egyptian Stock Exchange. The best network architecture is made up of eleven layers: five input layers, five hidden layers and the output layer. The sensitivity analysis has been investigated. Sensitivity analysis can give important insights into the usefulness of individual variables. It often identifies variables that can be safely ignored in subsequent analysis, and key variables that must always be retained. Also, the receiver operating characteristic curve is used to compare between classifiers, and can be used to select an optimum decision threshold to select the best network which can catch most of the variability of the data. Neural Nets; Classifying; Commerce 20050009958 Porto Univ., Portugal ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing [2004]; 42 pp.; In English; 6th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, 14-17 Apr. 2004, Porto, Portugal; See also 20050009959-20050010066; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Reports are presented from the 6th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, on the topic of Software Agents and Internet Computing. Reports included Web infrastructure, software for security and interoperability, semantic support and multi-agent systems. Derived from text Interoperability; Internets; Information Retrieval; Information Transfer; Computer Programs 153

20050009959 Porto Univ., Portugal Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES Petropoulos, Kostas; Balatos, Achilleas; Ignatiadis, Ioannis; Luken, Markus; Jivkov, Vladislav; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 152; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) represent the driving force for local development and growth in European Less Favoured Regions (LFRs); geographical isolated areas characterized by poor business performance and a less developed and privileged economy. The introduction of e-commerce is considered as an essential element for improvement of local SME s competitiveness and position in the Global Market, supporting simultaneously these regions to overcome their geographical limitations and follow up international business trends. In the context of the IST-2001-33251 LAURA project, the potential for regional and interregional e-commerce development has been analysed in four European LFRs (Epirus, Messinia Saxony-Anhalt, and South Central Bulgaria). Based on these results and adopting the notion of a specific type of Virtual Organization taxonomy (Request Based Virtual Organisation - RBVO), we present an operational and technological e-commerce framework adapted to the specific context of LFRs. The paper outlines the core identified factors that will influence the introduction and the effect of e-commerce in Less Favoured Regions. Electronic Commerce; Europe; Technologies 20050009960 Porto Univ., Portugal Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances Ziatev, Zlatko; Brussee, Rogier; vaneck, Pascal; Pokraev, Stanislav; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 150; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Companies can form alliances on the Internet to aggregate buying or selling power and create value. More concrete, resources are shared or new possibilities are exploited together that cannot be exploited alone. Most alliances are formed as the result of a negotiation process between the companies that constitute the alliance. This paper proposes a software framework that enables automated negotiation. Our framework allows for semantic descriptions of the negotiation objects and their attributes, and that provides the means for the exchange of negotiation messages, which can be unambiguously understood by all parties involved. Our framework supports ad hoc alliances by allowing parties with a common interest to firs! negotiate on the proposal they want to make to other market participants. The paper outlines a software architecture and implementation technology for our framework, in which a rule-based reasoning engine is used to enact the negotiation strategy. Semantics; Automatic Control; Computer Systems Programs; Architecture (Computers) 20050009961 Porto Univ., Portugal Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price Yue, Wu-Yi; Du, Li; Hu, Qi-Ying; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 166; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper, we present a new performance model and an analysis for its optimal allocation in a sequential Internet auction system with a set reserve price. In the sequential Internet auction system, a seller wants to sell a given amount of items through sequential auctions on the Internet. The seller has a reserve price for each item. For each auction, the seller should allocate a quantity of items from the total available items to be auctioned. The buyers arrive according to a Poisson process and bid honestly (without collusion, etc.). We first consider the sequential Internet auction model to be a Markov decision process and present its performance analysis for the internet auction model. In the analysis, we show that the result is no difference whether the reserve price is private (known only to the seller) or public (posted on the web). Then we show that in the monotonous properties of the optimal policy, the more items are in hand or the fewer the horizons remain, the more items will be allocated for auction. Finally, numerical results are given, where we compute the maximal expected total revenue and the solution of the optimal allocation, display the effect of the arrival rate, and discuss the optimal reserve price and the available number of auctions. Reliability Analysis; Internets; Markov Processes; Poisson Density Functions; Performance Prediction 20050009962 Porto Univ., Portugal E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES Lefebvre, Elizabeth; Omta, Onno; Lefebvre, Louis-A.; Elia, Elie; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 156; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 154

This paper attempts to (i) to assess the relative importance of benefits related to the gradual unfolding of business-to-business, e-commerce (B-2-B e-commerce) penetration among manufacturing SMEs and (ii) to demonstrate that the scope and intensity of these benefits increase in the later stages of e-commerce penetration as organizational learning gradually takes place. Empirical evidence strongly suggests that these benefits are cumulative and that organizational learning allows SMEs to reap these benefits. Electronic Commerce; Penetration; Manufacturing 20050009963 Porto Univ., Portugal Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository Veiga, Luis; Ferreira, Paulo; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 164; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources To fulfill Vannevar Bush s Memex and Ted Nelson s Hyper-Text vision of a world-size interconnected store of knowledge, there are still quite a few rough-edges to solve. There are no large-scale mechanisms to enforce referential integrity in the WWW. The weight of dynamically generated content w.r.t, static content has progressed enormously. Preserving accessibility to this type of content raises new issues. We propose a system, comprised of a distributed web-proxy and cache architecture, to access and automatically manage web content, static and dynamically generated. It is combined with an implementation of a cyclic distributed garbage collection algorithm for wide-area memory. It correctly handles dynamic content, enforces referential integrity on the web, and is complete w.r.t minimizing storage waste. Algorithms; Wide Area Networks; Architecture (Computers); Transferred Electron Devices 20050009964 Porto Univ., Portugal Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture Do, T. Tung; Kolp, Manuel; Faulkner, Stephane; Coyette, Adrien; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 165; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Agent architectures are gaining popularity for building open, distributed, and evolving software required by e-commerce applications. Unfortunately, despite considerable work in software architecture during the last decade, few research efforts have aimed at truly defining patterns and languages for agent architectural design. This paper proposes a modern approach based on organizational structures and architectural description languages to define and specify agent architectures notably ir the case of e.commerce system design. Architecture (Computers); Electronic Commerce; Systems Engineering 20050009966 Porto Univ., Portugal Analysis of Priority and Partitioning Effects on Web Crawling Performance ZareBidoki, Ali Mohammad; Saelhie, Mazeiar; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 160-161; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Broad web search engines as well as many more specialized search tools for nearly a decade have used web crawlers to acquire and update large repository of web objects for indexing and analysis. Because of volatile nature of the web and web objects proliferation, building a high performance web crawler is still more complex rather than the other components of a typical search engine. Freshness of the page repository is one of the major metrics to assess the performance of a web crawler. In addition, network resources, I/O performance and OS limits must be taken into account in order to achieve high performance at a reasonable cost. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze how the importance factor, multi-crawling and partitioning affect on the freshness of the web page repository of a typical web search engine. By means of several experiments in a simulated environment, we tested several parameters to improve the freshness of the repository. Information Retrieval; World Wide Web 20050009969 Porto Univ., Portugal South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects Dholakia, Rudy; Dholakia, Nikhilesh; Kshetri, Nir; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 143; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 155

In terms of electronic commerce and electronic markets, South Asia has been a region of sharp contrasts. This paper examines the emergence of South Asia s electronic markets and then identifies and analyzes various influences that are shaping and are likely to shape the e-commerce landscape of this region. Electronic Commerce; Market Research; Topography 20050009970 Porto Univ., Portugal Agent Support for Collaborative Work Hawryszkiewyca, Igor; Lin, Aizhong; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 143; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper describes a way to support cooperative information systems in evolving knowledge intensive environments. Such environments require users to themselves customize or reconfigure their systems as the work situation evolves. The paper proposes that agent systems support cooperative work by facilitating such evolution. It first defines a collaborative metamodel to describe collaborative work. The metamodel provides the framework to identify agents and the ways that they are to interac to support collaboration. The agents are defined using the same concepts as in the collaborative metamodel thus providing a systematic way define agent requirements. The paper then describes an example and prototype Support Systems; Information Systems 20050009971 Porto Univ., Portugal Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation Deters, Ralph; Ting, Nyik; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 147; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Peer-to-Peer (p2p) networks are the latest addition to the already large distributed systems family. With a strong emphasis on self-organization, decentralization and autonomy of the participating nodes, p2p-networks tend to be more scalable, robust and adaptive than other forms of distributed systems. The much-publicized success of p2p-networks for file-sharing and cycle sharing has resulted in an increased awareness and interest into the p2p protocols and applications. However, p2p-networks are difficult to study due to their size and the complex interdependencies between users, application, protocol and network. This paper has two aims. First, to provide a review of existing p2p-network simulators and to make a case for our own simulator named 3LS (3-Level-Simulator). Second, it presents our current view that there is a need for more realistic/complex models in p2p-network simulation since ignoring the underlying network, topology and/or the behavior of applications can result in misleading simulation results. Protocol (Computers); Computerized Simulation; Autonomy; Simulators 20050009978 Porto Univ., Portugal Object-Process Methodology Applied to Agent Design Ezziane, Zoheir; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 170; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources As computer systems become ever more complex, we need more powerful abstractions and metaphors to explain their operations. System development shows that designing and building agent systems is a difficult task, which is associated with building traditional distributed, concurrent systems. Understanding natural, artificial, and social systems requires a well-founded, yet intuitive methodology that is capable of modeling these complexities in a coherent, straightforward manner. Object-Process Methodology (OPM) is a system development and specification approach that combines the major system aspects (function, structure, and behavior), into an integrated single model. This paper will provide a paradigm for designing agent systems using the object-process methodology. It aims to identify design concepts, and to indicate how they interact with each other. Systems Engineering; Distributed Parameter Systems; Computers 20050009981 Porto Univ., Portugal Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks Roque, Vitor; Lopes, Rui Pedro; Oliveira, Jose Luis; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 163-164; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 156

Today s information systems are typically based on a large numbers of heterogeneous computing devices connected through communication networks, and joining together various resources, services, and user applications. These resources and applications are now indispensable to organizations, but as the whole system becomes increasingly larger and more complex also a higher number of elements can be the source for the disruption of critical business operations. In fact, network management has gained in the last years great importance due the increased dependence of the enterprises on their computer systems, networks and networked applications. This dependence has made availability and performance of the network infra-structure and network services more critical than ever. In addition, the growth in size and complexity of modern networks increases the need of standard configuration mechanisms for an efficient network management. It is expected that these mechanisms are strongly related to fault-tolerance systems as well with performance management systems. The concept of policy-based management has emerged during the last years as an adequate paradigm to deal with this type of requirements and this concept has been widely supported by standards organizations such as the IETF and DMTF. In fact the Policy Working Group is chartered to define a scalable and secure framework for policy definition and administration. The development of policy-based management applications, due to the diversity and type of equipments, can be very complex in structure, with complex relationships between their constituent parts. Because of these, the success of network operations (configuration operations and others) is a critical issue in network management thus deserving great attention. In fact transactional control mechanisms are receiving today great attention in the scope of network management. It is particularly important in the context of policy-based network management. In here, we identify the lacks of current management paradigms concerning transactional control and we propose a policy-based network management system that allows specify operations over aggregations of agents and that provides high-level atomic transactions. Communication Networks; Controllers; Fault Tolerance; Management Information Systems; Management Systems 20050009984 Porto Univ., Portugal Federated Mediators For Query Composite Answers Cheng, Dong; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 157; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The capture, the structuring and the exploitation of the expertise or the capabilities of an " object (like a business partner, an employee, a software component, a Web site, etc.) are crucial problems in various applications, like cooperative and distributed applications or e-business and e-commerce applications. The work we describe in this paper concerns the advertising of the capabilities or the know-how of an object. The capabilities are structured and organized in order to be used when searching for objects that satisfy a given objective or that meet a given need. One of the originality of our proposal is in the nature of the answers the intended system can return. Indeed, the answers are not Yes/No answers but they may be cooperative answers in that sense that when no single object meets the search criteria, the system attempts to find out what a set of " complementary objects do satisfy the whole search criteria, every object in the resulting set satisfying part of the criteria. In this approach, Description Logics (DL) is used as a knowledge representation formalism and classification techniques are used as search mechanisms. The determination of the complementary objects is founded on the DL complement concept, Electronic Commerce; Marketing; Computer Programs; Commerce 20050009985 Porto Univ., Portugal An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices Jovanov, Emil; Starcevic, Dusan; Obrenovic, Zeljko; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 141; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper we present the telemedical environment based on VMDs implemented with Java mobile agent technology, called aglets. The agent based VMD implementation provides ad-hoc agent interaction, support for mobile agents and different user interface components in the telemedical system. We have developed a VMD agent framework with four types of agents: data agents, processing agents, presentation agents, and monitoring agents. Data agents abstract data source, creating uniform view on different types of data, independent of data acquisition device. Processing agents produce derived data, such us FFT power spectrum, from raw data provided by the data agents. Presentation agents supply user interface components using a variety of user data views. User interface components are based on HTTP, SMS and WAP protocols. Monitoring agents collaborate with data and processing agents providing support for data mining operations, and search for relevant patterns. Typical example is monitoring for possible epileptic attacks. We have applied VMDs to facilitate distributed EEG analysis. We have found that the flexibility of distributed agent architecture is well suited for the telemedical application domain. This 157

flexibility is particularly important in the case of an emergency, enabling swift system reconfiguration on the fly. Telemedicine; Medical Services; Medical Electronics 20050009986 Porto Univ., Portugal Underlying Platform of the e-commerce System: J2EE Versus NET Jahankhani, Hamid; Youssef, Mohammed; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 144; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources When considering the implementation of any new Web-based application these days, the main two options available to developers are to either base the application on Sun Microsystems J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) platform, or on Microsoft s.net platform. Although other platforms do exist, the IT industry has identified these two as the main choices..net initiative is a broad new vision for embracing the Internet and the Web in the development, engineering and use of software. One key aspect of the.net s strategy is its independence from a specific language or platform. This paper is about the strategic decision making that any Small and Medium size Enterprises (SME) should make to adopt a technology platform for a new project. This paper refers to an ongoing development to provide an integrated business information and e-commerce system for a manufacturing company. The company uses Syspro ERP system. Consumers of ERP systems are demanding solutions that can be easily integrated with Web applications in order to provide such services as e-commerce to customers and browser-based access to remote workers. The aim of this paper is to compare the two technologies and discuss the main reasons why it is believed that.net would be more appropriate than J2EE as a technology platform for the e-commerce solution. Electronic Commerce; World Wide Web; Software Engineering 20050009987 Porto Univ., Portugal Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks Barker, Jeff; Finnie, Gavin; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 139; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Dynamic information flow in esupply networks requires that buyers and suppliers have the ability to react rapidly when needed. Using intelligent agents to automate the process of buyer/seller interaction has been proposed by a number of researchers. One problem in providing intelligent automated collaboration is incorporating learning capability i.e. an agent should be capable of adapting it s behaviour as conditions change. This paper proposes a scalable multi-agent system which uses case-based reasoning as a framework for at least part of its intelligence. Tests with a simulated system show that such an agent is capable of learning the best supplier and also capable of adapting if supply conditions change. Information Flow; Dynamic Models; Simulation; Computer Programs 20050009988 Porto Univ., Portugal Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition Tomaiuolo, Michele; Somacher, Matteo; Poggi, Agostino; Turci, Paola; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 139-140; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Agentcities is a network of agent platforms that constitute a distributed environment to demonstrate the potential of autonomous agents. One of the aims of the project is the development of a network architecture to allow the integration of platforms based on different technologies and models, but compliant to FIPA agent interoperability specifications. This network provides basic white pages and yellow pages services to allow the dynamic discovery of the hosted agents and the services they offer. An important outcome is the exploitation of the capability of agent-based applications to adapt to rapidly evolving environments. This is particularly appropriate to dynamic societies where agents act as buyers and sellers negotiating their goods and services, and composing simple services offered by different providers into new compound services. Data Collection Platforms; Networks; Architecture (Computers); Distributed Processing 20050009989 Porto Univ., Portugal A Recorded State Mechanism For Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts Bakar, Kamalrulnizam Abu; Doherty, Bernard S.; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 140-141; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 158

Mobile agent is an emerging technology that is gaining momentum in the field of distributed systems. It provides powerful and effective mechanisms to develop applications and often describes as a promising technology for developing application in open, distributed and heterogeneous environment, such as the Internet. However, without proper security protection, especially against a malicious host attack, the widespread use of this technology can be severely impeded. In this paper an approach that is able to protect the integrity of the mobile agent from being attack by the malicious host is proposed. The approach uses the state of a mobile agent, which is recorded during the mobile agent execution process inside the remote host environment, to detect the manipulation attack of the malicious host. The approach is implemented using master-slave agent architecture and operated on a distributed migration pattern. Technology Utilization; Distributed Processing; Architecture (Computers) 20050009990 Porto Univ., Portugal Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework Fu, Li-Chen; Tsai, Ming-Yu; Chang, Shun-Fa; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 142; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In recent years, the manufacturing technologies are more and more complex. Almost all production processes need cooperation among multiple enterprises. It is true that today s manufacturing process is a complex workflow forming a supply chain. Each enterprise provides their services to accomplish professional processes. With the growth of Internet usage, there are more and more services able to be processed on the web. Web-service is one of the applications on Internet and it can help enterprises cooperate with one another in their services easily. In this paper, we propose a Hierarchical Broker Framework to provide an advanced broker function for enterprises cooperation. In this framework, we can classify all services to keep searching easier, to present the relations between two enterprises more flexibly, to match buyers and sellers more precisely, and to cut down broker s loading. On the ride of an enterprise client, we do not have to modify any existing enterprise architecture. Beside, we will also design an adapter to connect the broker server and the existing enterprises. By these designs, we try to find an automatic way to integrate these enterprise processes to improve efficiency and reduce their transaction overheads. Automatic Control; Systems Integration; Manufacturing 20050009991 Porto Univ., Portugal Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision Solvberg, Ingeborg; Lin, Yun; Ding, Hao; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 141-142; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources P2P systems are a revival paradigm for information sharing among distributed nodes in the network. A lot of research projects or practical applications have emerged, from the early ICQ, Napster, Gnutella to nowadays CAN, Gnougat, etc., but one of the questions is that few of them support the semantics retrieval. With the meeting of Semantic Web and Peer-to-Peer (P2P), it seems to have a highly innovative manner to solve the precision-recall contradictory in the information searching community. This paper uses a scenario in tourism domain to describe the problem encountered. Several main requirements have also been presented afterwards. Bared an ambitious goal, a preliminary architecture on semantic IR in P2P network also proposed. Information Retrieval; Semantics; World Wide Web; Computer Networks 20050009994 Porto Univ., Portugal Antecedents of Successful Web Based Communities for Disabled Citizens Lawler, James; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 168; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this period of constrained economic conditions, this study initiates an analysis of the critical success factors in the implementation of World Wide Web-based communities in the non-profit sector, focusing on communities of disabled citizens, who have mental health conditions, in the City of New York. Non-profit organizations in New York depend ever more upon the technology of the Web to help disabled members in the city, as the disruption from the September 11 disaster continues to impact social services. Though investment in technology is limited in the non-profit sector, the preliminary analysis of this study imputes that implementation of community networks that service rehabilitating members of society is facilitated by 159

distinct enabling factors of cohesion, effectiveness, help, language, relationship and self-regulation in the innovation of the supporting Web sites. The analysis contributes insight into the dynamics of communities on the Web that is applicable in an international context. This study furnishes a new framework to research Web-based communities in the non-profit sector. Disabilities; World Wide Web; Communities 20050009995 Porto Univ., Portugal A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media Vignollet, Laurence; Marty, Jean-Charles; Plu, Michel; Franco, Layda Agosto; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 155-156; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Within corporate intranet or on the WWW, a global search engine is the main service used to discover and sort information. Nevertheless, even the most intelligent ones have great difficulties to select those targeted to each user specific needs and preferences. We have built a mediated social media named SoMeONe, which helps people to control their information exchanges through trusted relationships. A key component of this system is a contact recommender, which helps people to open his relationship networks by exchanging targeted information with qualified new users. Instead of using only matching between interests of users, this socially aware recommender system takes also into account existing relationships in the social network of the system. We describe in this paper the computations of those recommendations based on a social network analysis. Information Retrieval; Computer Networks 20050009996 Porto Univ., Portugal From Corba to Web Services Composition Hammoudi, Slimane; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 155; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources CORBA has some positive aspects to develop applications, but its communication model is limited to accomplish interactions among clients and enterprise servers on the Web. The technologies of Web Service seem to offer a better answer for developing distributed applications on the Web: B2B, B2C and A2A. The first part of this paper is a discussion about the evolution of CORBA and of Web Services, showing their benefits and limitations. The new solutions provided by the technologies of Web Services (XML, WSDL, UDDI and SOAP) are more adapted for the Web than CORBA. However, these technologies are not sufficient to compose Web Services, which represents a real challenge. Workflow Technology seems to be a better answer for this challenge. The second part of this paper deals with this integration of Workflow technology and Web service that is designed in WEWS. WEWS is proposed as an architecture to enable CORBA objects (Wrapped as Web Service) and Web Services to work together with the benefits of workflow. Also, an approach for transaction based on conversation plus optimistic commit protocol is presented. A comparison of our work and other propositions is provided too, highlighting similarities and differences Websites; Distributed Processing 20050009999 Porto Univ., Portugal The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network Watanabe, Kenzi; Shimokawa, Toshihiko; Murayama, Yuko; Ebara, Yasuo; Yamane, Shiji; Goto, Yukinori; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 138; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources As the computer network technology has evolved, the Internet has spread out to include variety of users. They get together and create communities on the network, so that virtual relations between people have been emerging. Many such virtual communities use chat rooms, mailing lists and message boards making use of the existing applications. On the other hand, informal communication such as a chat and private conversation during a break at a conference, has been recognized important. We often come across a good idea when having relaxing conversations. In a daily life, we have various environments for informal communications which are necessary for keeping relations with the others even for having better formal communications. However, it is not so easy to have an environment for informal communications in a cyber space on the Internet when only relying on the existing applications. In this research, we try and use some new experimental informal communication tools in our virtual laboratory environment in which several universities are interconnected with Japan Gigabit 160

Networks (JGN)/ATM. First, We have set up a CCD camera at each laboratory and deliver streaming live video to share the environment. Then, we constructed a meeting system using Microsoft Netmeeting and OpenMCU. In addition, we implemented on-door communication systems using the metaphor of a door on WWW as a media for novel types of informal communications. In this paper, We explain the summaries of experimental environment and the supporting applications for informal communications. We also let students to take the main role of communications so that they use tools for their informal communications in a realistic way. Computer Networks; Communication Networks; Telecommunication; Internets; World Wide Web 20050010000 Porto Univ., Portugal A Multi-Server Approach For Distributed Collaborative Knowledge Spaces Bopp, Thomas; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 138-139; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Cooperative knowledge areas are a proven approach to supporting cooperative work processes and e-learning. The Paderborn open-source s Team system establishes cooperative knowledge spaces in the form of a single-server implementation. This paper presents our architecture of distributed cooperative knowledge areas. The main conceptual idea e the steam system is to combine a document management system with a MUD. A distributed architecture of cooperative knowledge spaces enables us to create a single world of connected virtual knowledge spaces across different servers. This is particularly important when considering new scenarios for integrating peer-to-peer clients into a multi-server architecture. Distributed knowledge spaces must also encompass concepts for multi-server group and user management, allowing users tc move transparently from one server to another, Materials should be structured independently of their location on a specific server. The paper begins by discussing the idea of structuring a virtual world into zones or areas, such as is also found in multi-user virtual environments. Then our architecture of distributed cooperative knowledge areas is presented. In the field of user management, two different approaches for peer-to-peer and master-server group and user management are possible, and these are discussed in detail. Our trial implementation will integrate both concepts and prototypes. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential extensions to our architecture. Management Systems; Data Transfer (Computers); Architecture (Computers) 20050010004 Porto Univ., Portugal Intelligent Electronic Inter-Systemic Contracting: Issues On Contract Formation Andrade, Francisco; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 145; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Electronic contracting as an object of legal studies is getting more and more complex. Computers are currently being used no only as a way of searching and processing information, but also as communication tools, as automatic operators and already as a way of developing and accessing new forms of intelligent behaviour through the use of intelligent devices. New ways of electronic contracting have appeared each one with different specifications and ways of operating. The Brazilian legal doctrine has established a way of classifying electronic contracts according to the specific technical way of accomplishing each type of electronic communicating and contracting. For each category, there must be a different analysis relating to the main issue of the formation of contracts - mainly concerning the declaration of will, the expression of intent, the question of knowing whether a contract should be considered to be formed or completed. This issue is particularly problematic as far as Intelligent Electronic Inter-systemic contracting is concerned. The notions of digital signature and Interchange-Agreements may not be sufficient to grant validity to contracts formed not just through the machines, but indeed by the machines. So, it must be analyzed at least two main possibilities of considering the issue of the expression of consent in inter-systemic intelligent transactions: the possibility of considering the electronic devices as mere machines or tools, or the most daring possibility of considering the electronic devices as legal persons Communicating; Computers; Signatures 20050010007 Porto Univ., Portugal Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce Nelson, Anne; Nelson, William; Yakhief, Ali; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 131; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 161

Electronic commerce (EC) involves business transactions, marketing efforts, information gathering, and other functional activities with respect to information technology (IT) both within and without an organization. It provides various opportunities to a firm to adopt different business sourcing models and allows new opportunities to configure organizational structure within the New Economy. Critical factors for EC success dictate that the firm must re-evaluate its business sourcing model from with complexity theory and the New Economy, thereby emphasizing the need for the firm to effectively coordinate its EC initiatives and consider all sourcing opportunities in this nonlinear, decentralized, alliance-focused, and CRM-based environment. This research will build from 1) an understanding of EC, to 2) the complex systems of EC in the New Economy, to 3) the sourcing mode used in the EC business model. The results have significant implications for IT managers deciding upon the ideal choice of sourcing mode for an EC initiative. The study results point to the determinants of the choice by the sample of large firms in the study. Cost savings expectations are an important consideration in the choice of sourcing mode. As the expectations of cost savings from outsourcing increased, the firms in the sample increasingly used market mechanisms (service providers) compared to internal resources. Firms were also concerned about the business potential associated with the project and whet the business potential was high, they preferred joint ventures and internal development to the use of market mechanisms. This indicates that the move toward outsourcing based on cost savings expectations was mitigated by the desire to develop relevant capabilities for high-potential projects through increased day-to-day involvement. Complex Systems; Electronic Commerce; Computer Systems Design 20050010008 Porto Univ., Portugal A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles Semeraro, Giovanni; Licchelli, Oriana; Degemmis, Marco; Costabile, Maria Francesca; Guida, Stefano Paolo; Lops, Pasquale; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 157; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Nowadays, users are overwhelmed by the abundant amount of information created and delivered through the Internet. Especially in the e-commerce area, catalogues of the largest sites offer millions of products for sale and are visited by users having a variety of interests. It is of particular interest to provide customers with personal advice: Web personalization has become an indispensable part of e-commerce. One type of personalization that many Web sites have started to embody is represented by recommender systems, which provide customers with personalized advice about products or services. Collaborative systems actually represent the state-of-the-art of recommendation engines used in most e-commerce sites. In this paper, we propose an hybrid method that aims at improving collaborative techniques by means of user profiles that store knowledge about user interests. Catalogs (Publications); Electronic Commerce; Internets; Websites 20050010010 Porto Univ., Portugal Developing Intranet and Extranet Business Application for a Large Travel Agent Atkins, Anthony; Shaw, Robert; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 131; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper outlines an e-business strategy for a large independent Travel Agent with multiple sales channels and business units. The present configuration does not provide a framework for the development of e-business solutions for the travel company. The paper discusses the creation of an infrastructure for the development of the companies Intranet to integrate its separate business units with Extranet technology using e-business application. This strategy provides a stable platform and infrastructure capable of supporting the traditional business system and allowing for development of e-business operations. The paper discusses a number of tools and techniques for strategic development to incorporate e-business sales channels. The most appropriate tools for application to the travel industry are discussed and their application has shown how the travel agent can develop competitive advantage through the use of strategic information systems. The creation of a centralized e-business system, utilising a Virtual Private Network (VPN) is outlined with a predicted cost savings of 1 million per annum. The application of a centralised e-business system supported by the VPN has allowed CRM system to be evaluated. An initial trial using CRM system gave increased sales of 150,000, which if applied throughout the business would increase sales by 1.2 million. Computer Networks; Information Systems; Commerce 162

20050010012 Porto Univ., Portugal Reducing Spam: A Simple Solution Rose, Chris; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 157-158; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Unsolicited e-mail, otherwise called spam, continues to flood the inboxes of all users of the Internet since it is estimated that more than a half of all e-mail or over one trillion pieces of spam will reach the inboxes of Internet users in 2003. However, the problems of controlling spam are many since:(a) spam is virtually free for the sender (b) the SMTP protocol which governs the transmission of e-mail on the Internet was not designed to handle the complexities of deception and mistrust on a large network and (c) many major corporations are surreptitiously involved in spam. Although the development of a social conscience might keep some large corporations from engaging in spam, but spam, as we know it, would cease to exist only if either the cost of sending e-mail increased or a new secure protocol to exchange e-mail was developed. Of the two options, the quickest and easiest remedy would be to eliminate the reverse economics of sending spam by introducing a computing cost for sending e-mail. Electronic Mail; Internets 20050010014 Porto Univ., Portugal Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web Cardoso, Rafael Cunha; dafonsecadesouza, Fernando; Salgado, Ana Carolina; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 149; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Nowadays, information retrieval and extraction systems play an important role trying to get relevant information from the vast amount of contents existing on the World Wide Web (WWW). Semantic Web can be seen as the Web s future and thus, presents a series of new concepts and tools that may be used to insert intelligence into such contents in the current WWW. Among such techniques, Ontologies, for example, perform a fundamental role in such a new context. With Ontologies, intelligent agents can cover the Web to understand its sense in order to execute more complex and useful tasks on behalf of their users. This work has as its main objective to create a mechanism for searching and filtering specific information from a set of HTML or XML documents extracted from the Web, using techniques from the Semantic Web, particularly Ontologies. Extraction; Information Retrieval; World Wide Web 20050010015 Porto Univ., Portugal Virtual Active IP Node for Collaborative Environments Puentes, Francisco; Cameiro, Victor; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 135; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The present document describes the VAIN architecture (Virtual Active IP Node), which enables users to deploy new network services based on virtual active networks, and how it solves the challenge of segmenting the incoming traffic that crosses nodes towards the services, conserving the original objective of independence of the protocol. Our solution is based on using network expressions that use all the semantic contained in each incoming packet, which does not need to know the inner structure of the protocols. VAIN architecture has been development to response to challenges outlined by electronic commerce, specifically those regarding to collaborative environments and marketplaces. To achieve this objective we have considered the following goals: first, a three layer conceptualization; second, a transparent implantation and its integration witl existing infrastructures; and third, a strategy of network traffic distribution based in all the information within the input packets, which is named expressions based distribution. Mainly, VAIN uses as guest code an interpreter of intermediate code from.net architecture, although it is open to use other guest codes. VAIN is immediately over the link layer, being able to be extended to any other similar net protocol, and it is independent of upper protocols existing or not at the present time. Our architecture also presents a polymorphic character since it allows changing its behavior in a transparent way and virtually emulating other architectures without affecting to its functionality. Protocol (Computers); Computer Networks 20050010017 Porto Univ., Portugal Analyzing Observable Behaviors Of Device Ecology Workflows Ling, Sea; Loke, Seng; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 149; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 163

We envision an Internet computational platform of the 21st century that will include device ecologies consisting of collections of devices interacting synergistically with one another, with users, and with Internet resources. We consider {\em device ecology workflows} as a type of workflow describing how such devices work together. It would be ideal if one can model the devices in a computer and analyze the effects when such workflows are executed in the device ecology. This paper provides Petri Net model in terms of workflow nets for analyzing the observable effects of device ecology workflows. Internet Resources; Computation; Collection 20050010018 Porto Univ., Portugal The Assessment of E-Commerce Awareness on Highly Valuable Traditional Products in Thailand JungThirapanich, Chamnong; Vanichvisuttikul, Sakuna; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 135-136; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper discusses the potential of e-commerce development of the Thai rural people who are the products owners in the government project entitled OTOP (One Tambon or District, One Product) Project in Thailand. It is done by reviewing the awareness and readiness of the products owners who are the regional products champions from all over Thailand. This study also identifies the enabling factors, the limitations, and forecasts the future growth of e-commerce for OTOP Project. Additionally, the paper will be beneficial to both parties; the government and the people in the rural areas, in solving the problem at the grass root level in Thailand. Five hundred products owners were selected from different products categories, 253 out of 500 responded with usable answers. The response rate was 50.6% which is higher than the expected rate for such surveys. The major problems of the existing OTOP production process and business operation are price, lack of funds for stock inventory and piracy of the local wisdom. Awareness of e-commerce among these rural people is high but the level of acceptance for the knowledge and technology transferred are rather low, due to the digital divide in Thailand. Most of them are facing the same situations which are about seeking more distribution channels and enhancing more markets. Electronic Commerce; Surveys; Market Research 20050010025 Porto Univ., Portugal Learning Processes and the Role of Technological Networks as an Innovative Challenge Carneiro, Alberto; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 145-146; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper intends to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the role and the value of technological networks in learning processes, whose integration can enhance enterprise performance. Considering that the adequate combination of some variables, as IT, Internet, Intranet, computers, Information Systems and teamwork s activities may modify drastically organisations behaviour, a conceptual model for the optimisation of enterprises performance as a function of technological networks is suggested. Information Systems; Computer Networks; Optimization; Internets 20050010029 Porto Univ., Portugal Recent Research and Future Directions in Mobile Agents for Mobile Devices Li, Xining; Mahmoud, Quasay; Xu, Zhujun; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 162; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Due to the potentially explosive growth of the mobile devices, people have showed great interests in the field of mobile computing by using various wireless applications. It benefits those users who would never have used a computer or who are simply not able to get one. However, most mobile devices suffer from limited computation resources such as low bandwidth and slow network connection. Low requirement of network connection of mobile agents make them a promising tool for the mobile devices. In this paper, we present an overview of currently available mobile agent platforms developed for mobile devices. Given the classification of these approaches underlining the platforms, the paper discusses both their advantages and disadvantages. To conclude, limitation and concerns for embedded mobile agent platforms are discussed. Wireless Communication; General Overviews 164

20050010030 Porto Univ., Portugal An Event-Based Framework For Service-Oriented Computing Leune, Kees; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 155; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Service Oriented Computing (SOC) demands a framework that seamlessly integrates all connection points between business processes, services and associated support resources. To address this challenge, we introduce the Event-driven Framework for Service Oriented Computing (EFSOC) that is organized in three tiers: the event tier, the business process tier, and the access control tier. The event tier encompasses definitions of business-related events, and supports their propagation throughout the business process flow. The business process tier specifies the interactions between business processes and services and the access control tier defines access roles that are allowed to invoke certain services. Access Control; Computer Networks; Commerce 20050010031 Porto Univ., Portugal Web Service Component Markets: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Third Wave of Software Marketplaces vanhillegersberg, Jos; vandenheuvel, Willem-Jan; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 148; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The Service Oriented Computing paradigm, with as its main manifestation web-service technology, holds high promises, but develops its full potential only when packaged web-services are traded in a service market. The Internet seems ideal for this purpose and various sources have predicted a bright future for the Internet Web Service Market (WSM). However, very little is known about the current status, structure and trends within the WSM. This study develops a model of the WSM and a classification of components traded in the WSM. Using these, the WSM status and developments are investigated. The result, show that the WSM is emerging but that its impact is not (yet) as dramatic as expected. Although there are some trends towards a mature market, the WSM is clearly in its early stages. However, intermediaries and component producers are offering promising new services that are likely to deliver new growth of the market in the coming years. Classifications; Internets; World Wide Web 20050010032 Porto Univ., Portugal AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation Vicari, Rosa Maria; Seixas, Louise; Gluz, Joao Carlos; Flores, Cecilia Dias; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 154; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources AMPLIA is an Intelligent Multi-Agent Learning Environment. It is designed to support training of diagnostic reasoning and modelling of domains with complex and uncertain knowledge. AMPLIA focuses on the medical area, where learner s modelling tasks will consist of creating a Bayesian network for a problem the system will present. A pedagogic negotiation process (managed by an intelligent Mediator Agent) will handle with the differences of topology and probability distribution between the model the learner built and the one built-in in the system. That negotiation process occurs between the agents that represent the expert knowledge domain and the agent that represents the learner knowledge. The possibility of using Bayesian network: to create knowledge representation allows the learner to visualize his/her ideas organization, create and test hypothesis. Knowledge Representation; Hypotheses; Probability Theory; Education 20050010034 Porto Univ., Portugal Incorporating the Elements of the MASE Methodology into Agent Open Henderson-Sellers, Brian; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 132; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Construction of an enterprise-wide, web-based system can be assisted by the use of agents and an agent-oriented methodology. As part of an extended research program to create such an AO methodology by combining the benefits of method engineering and existing object-oriented frameworks (notably the OPF), we have analyzed here contributions to the OPF repository of process components from the MASE agent-oriented methodology. We have identified three new Tasks, together with one additional Technique and two new Work Products. Software Engineering; World Wide Web 165

20050010037 Porto Univ., Portugal A Model Of Agent Ontologies For B2C e-commerce Rosaci, Domenico; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 144; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes a formal model of agent ontotogies, suitable to represent the realities of both customers and sellers in a B2C electronic commerce scenario. This model is capable of describing the entities involved in the above realities (products, product features, product categories) as well as the behaviour of customers and sellers in performing their activities. A system architecture, based on the presented ontology model, is also briefly described. Architecture (Computers); Electronic Commerce; Models 20050010045 Porto Univ., Portugal Content Oriented Architecture for Consumer-to-Business E-Commerce Furht, Borko; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 169; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Consumer-to-Business (C2B) systems represent the future of e-commerce. Using natural language as a basis, and remaining keenly aware of its potential pitfalls, we describe a software specific communication model based on a new concept called content-biased language (CBL). It is shown that the requirements of a C2B system cannot be satisfied with anything less than the stretchability of a CBL. Once this fact has been established, the remainder of this paper discusses a representation for a CBL, as well as an architecture for utilizing that representation. This effort results in the description of a new software quality measure called stretchability, as well as the introduction of perspective domain graphs (PDGs), external open ontological type systems (EOOTS), and global and constituent systems. Finally, the discussion closes with the definition of a new distributed system design called the Content Oriented Architecture (COA). Electronic Commerce; Computer Programs; Natural Language (Computers); Systems Engineering 20050010047 Porto Univ., Portugal Composition of Web Services in the ICS Architecture Baluz, Carlos Roberto; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 165; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes the use of the Web Services Composition to enhance the matchmaking process actually in use within the ICS (Intelligent Commerce System), a Business-to-Business e-commerce system. The actual matchmaking process used in the ICS considers only single services and may return a high number of false-negative results. The new approach aims to reduce the number of false-negative results through the composition of existing single services to obtain new functionality. Electronic Commerce; Architecture (Computers); World Wide Web 20050010049 Porto Univ., Portugal Toolkits Supporting Open Innovation In e-government Felfernig, Alexander; Wundara, Manfred; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 166; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Today there exists a variety of efforts to bring public administration closer to its customers (citizens, entrepreneurs, etc.). This paper investigates the concept of open innovation w.r.t, its applicability in the area of e-government. The concept is well known within the context of mass customizing products and services, i.e. producing and selling of customer-individual products and services under mass production pricing conditions. The authors show how approaches from the area of artificial intelligence can be applied as tools for open innovation in e-government. Artificial Intelligence; Functional Design Specifications; Software Development Tools 20050010050 Porto Univ., Portugal Designing Quality Web Applications Using Web Patterns Andreou, Andreas S.; Mavromoustakos, Stephanos; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 156; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 166

Patterns are commonly utilized by Web developers for reusability purposes. However, this paper shows how Web patterns can also enhance the quality of Web applications. Firstly, Web quality is divided into five major components, namely usability, functionality, reliability, efficiency, and maintainability. Secondly, the relationship of these quality components with certain Wet patterns is demonstrated and a set of guidelines for designing quality Web applications using these patterns is proposed. A successful Web site is then used as a case-study to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed guidelines. The Web patterns utilized by the site under study are identified and matched with the proposed list of patterns. Finally, we investigated how these patterns contribute to the success of the specific Web application. Websites; Maintainability; Reliability 20050010053 Porto Univ., Portugal M-Computing System for Enterprises: A Design Framework Bui, Tung; Thai, Mai; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 142; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Mobile computing has been touted as the next technological revolution that would finally allow businesses to achieve the required level of competitiveness in the new economy - that is to compete in a frictionless and (close to) real-time economy. This inevitable trend is made possible thanks to the development of mobile computing in the midst of the progressive miniaturization of virtually all system components as well as the convergence of mobile communications and computer technologies. It offers opportunities for enterprises to procreate their competitive advantages, form new business processes and improve old ones, while leveraging the time and location sensitivity that wireless communications have to offer. However, several enterprises have not been able to reap the opportunities since they do not know how to develop an effective mobile computing system that can satisfy their business desiderata. This paper presents a system development framework that guides enterprises to devise a cost-effective m-computing platform that is conducive to fulfill their business needs and creates the best returns on investment. Computer Systems Design; Mobile Communication Systems; Systems Engineering 20050010055 Porto Univ., Portugal A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual-Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management Panti, Maurizio; Penserini, Loris; Spalazzi, Luca; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 140; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes and describes a prototype of a peer-to-peer based infrastructure to support virtual enterprise s supply chain management. Because of a virtual enterprise is composed of autonomous, distributed, and continuously evolving entities, we have naturally modeled each business entity like a peer s agent platform that can play several roles according to the task to be fulfilled. Moreover, we are interested in coordination issues among both peer s agent platforms and agent platforms roles. To this end, we describe and apply such roles, required to the organizational architecture, into a virtual storehouse scenario. Prototypes; Architecture (Computers); Virtual Reality 20050010056 Porto Univ., Portugal Trusted e-mail: A Proposed Approach To Prevent Credit Card Fraud in Soft-Products E-Commerce Alfuraih, Saleh; McLeod, Dennis; Sui, Nien; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 140; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Soft-products are intangible products that can be consumed without shipment, such as software, music and calling cards (calling time). The demand for soft-products on the Internet has been increasing for the past few years. At the same time, fraudulent credit card transactions have also increased. Compared to tangible products, fraudulent credit card transactions on soft-products are easier to conduct while difficult to recover. The fraudulent transaction is a major problem for e-commerce merchants, customers, and credit card issuers. In this paper, we classify the type of products sold on the Internet, and the common fraud that occurs for each type. We review some of the best existing credit card fraud prevention methods and introduce the Trusted email mechanism as a new way to prevent fraudulent transactions on soft-product. Trusted email is a 167

custom email solution that can uniquely identify and authenticate the online customer, prevent unauthorized credit card transactions, and effectively resolve e-commerce disputes Electronic Commerce; Electronic Mail 20050010057 Porto Univ., Portugal Principles For Creating Web Sites: A Design Perspective Costa, J. Paulo; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 141; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The importance of aesthetics is frequently forgotten, in order to solve this problem, we identified in the literature some of the theory that is underlying graphic design, gestalt theory and multimedia design. Based in the literature review, we proposed principles for web site design. We also present a tool to evaluate web design Websites; Computer Systems Design 20050010060 Porto Univ., Portugal On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) Bach, Thanh Le; Dieng-Kuntz, Rose; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 162; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Ontologies are nowadays used in many domains such as Semantic Web, information systems... to represent meaning of data and data sources. In the framework of knowledge management in an heterogeneous organization, the materialization of the organizational memory in a corporate semantic web may require to integrate the various ontologies of the different groups ol this organization. To be able to build a corporate semantic web in an heterogeneous, multi-communities organization, it is essential to have methods for comparing, aligning, integrating or mapping different ontologies. This paper proposes a new algorithm for matching two ontologies based on all the information available about the given ontologies (e.g. their concepts, relations, information about the structure of each hierarchy of concepts, or of relations...), applying TF/IDF scheme (a method widely used in the information retrieval community) and integrating WordNet (an electronic lexical database) in the process of ontology matching. Semantics; World Wide Web; Organizations; Information Systems; Algorithms 20050010066 Porto Univ., Portugal Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks Lee, Sang Gap; Nagamalai, Dhinaharan; Dhinaharan, Beatice Cynthia; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 151; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The increasing popularity of wireless networks indicates that wireless links will play an important role in future internetworks. TCP is a reliable transport protocol tuned to perform well in habitual networks made up of links with low bit-error rates. TCP was originally designed for wired networks, where loss of data is assumed to be due to congestion. However, networks with wireless and other Iossy links also suffer from significant losses due to high bit error rates and handoff. But the assumption made by TCP, that loss of data is due to congestion in wireless environment causes degraded end-to-end performance. Hence a variety of mechanisms were proposed to improve TCP performance over wireless links. In this paper we wish to analyze the design and implementation of a simple protocol, called the snoop protocol that improves the performance of TCP in wireless networks. The protocol modifies the network layer software mainly at the base station and preserves end-to end TCP semantics. The main feature of this protocol is to cache packets at the base station and to perform local retransmission across the wireless links. The results of several experiments performed by implementing snoop protocol on a wireless test bed consisting of IBM think pads laptops and Pentium based personal computer running BSD/OS 2.1 from BSDI show that a reliable link layer protocol that is TCP-aware provides very good performance. Wireless Communication; Computer Networks; Performance Tests; Internets; Protocol (Computers) 20050010070 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Software for Intelligent System Health Management (ISHM) Trevino, Luis C.; [2004]; 17 pp.; In English; Software for Intelligent System Health Management Briefing, 29 Oct. 2004, Normal, AL, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 168

The slide presentation is a briefing in four areas: overview of health management paradigms; overview of the ARC-Houston Software Engineering Technology Workshop held on April 20-22, 2004; identified technologies relevant to technical themes of intelligent system health management; and the author s thoughts on these topics. CASI Computer Programming; Software Engineering; Computer Systems Performance; Reliability 20050010189 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Simultaneous Connection Management and Protection in a Distributed Multilevel Security Environment Sears, Joseph D., ; Sep. 2004; 146 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427538; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The Naval Postgraduate School Center for Information Systems Security Studies and Research (CISR) is designing and developing a distributed multilevel secure (MLS) network known as the Monterey Security Architecture (MYSEA). MYSEA will permit the delivery of unmodified commercial off the shelf productivity software applications and data from a large number of single-level network domains (e.g., NIPRNET, SIPRNET, JWICS) to a trusted distributed operating environment that enforces MLS policies. The analysis and development of a communications framework necessary to support connections between multiple MLS servers and a set of high assurance network appliances supporting simultaneous access to multiple single level networks and their concurrent connection management is required to fulfill the goal of MYSEA. To enable this functionality, modifications to the existing MYSEA server, the development of a new high assurance communications security device - the Trusted Channel Module (TCM), and the implementation of a trusted channel between the MYSEA server and the TCM is required. This document specifies a framework for incorporating the high level design of the TCM, several trusted daemons and databases, plus the incorporation of a trusted channel protocol into MYSEA to enable a distributed MLS environment. Protection; Security; Systems Analysis 20050010224 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) Panagopoulos, Ilias, ; Sep. 2004; 167 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427724; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A08, Hardcopy The Maastricht Treaty renamed the European Community the European Union (EU) and shaped the EU s three pillars. Pillar two, the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), promoted cooperation among member states in foreign policy affairs. It also introduced the need to develop a common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) that aimed at providing police and military capabilities to the CFSP. This idea represented a new element in the European integration process. ESDP was launched formally in June 1999, establishing ESDP s mission on the three Petersberg Tasks: (1) humanitarian and evacuation missions, (2) peacekeeping missions, and (3) combat missions for crisis management. The European Council agreed that the EU needed the capacity for autonomous action backed by credible military forces ready to respond to international crises without prejudice to actions by NATO. Thus, in Dec 1999, the European Rapid Reaction Force (RRF) was formed. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the development of the ESDP and to stress the need to consider Electronic Warfare (EW) as a militarily critical technology. The need for common operational concepts, doctrines, and training, especially in EW, becomes a necessity as Joint EU Armed Forces become ready to manage regional and international crises. However, a study of ESDP s current status shows that EW has been addressed but not properly emphasized. To demonstrate EW s weight, an imaginary scenario called Save Atlantia 2008 was created in which the Improved Many-on-Many (IMOM) software program was used to simulate EW effects. Specifically, the IMOM program was used to model the radar and tactical jamming system of the Joint European Air Force to determine its effectiveness against several radar early warning systems. A section describes the military capabilities of the EU and the nations that have taken the lead in those areas, including AAR, UAVs, CSAR, NBC protection, TBMD, and ISTAR. (12 tables, 37 figures, 99 refs.7 Electronic Warfare; Emergencies; Management Methods; Policies; Security 169

63 CYBERNETICS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS Includes feedback and control theory, information theory, machine learning, and expert systems. For related information see also 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. 20050001281 Porto Univ., Portugal ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems [2004]; 38 pp.; In English; 6th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, 14-17 Apr. 2004, Porto, Portugal; See also 20050001282-20050001384; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Reports are presented from the 6th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, on topics regarding Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems. Report subjects include expert systems, data mining, pattern recognition, knowledge systems and knowledge management, and topics on linguistics. Derived from text Artificial Intelligence; Decision Support Systems; Expert Systems 20050001285 Porto Univ., Portugal Doctus Intelligent Executive Portal for Business Decisions: Using Hard Data and Soft Knowledge in Doctus Intelligent Portal Baracskai, Zoltan; Nagy, Zoltan; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 57; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Business decision makers live in the avalanche of information, and the environment produces all kinds of surprises. However, companies should survive, that is what business decision makers struggle for. Doctus, our knowledge based system; using case-based reasoning is integrated in an intelligent portal which links the soft knowledge of experts with the help of a company-wide knowledge map and its zoom-ins. Also hard data can be derived ( mined ) from data warehouses or integrated information systems. The portal supports business decision makers to take routine decisions easily, but also enables the contact to the Knowledge Factory, where new knowledge is created. This can assist business decision makers to make original decisions. Knowledge Based Systems; Management Systems 20050001330 Porto Univ., Portugal Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World Bortolon, Andre; Hoeschl, Hugo Cesar; Bueno, Tania; Mattos, Eduardo; Ferreira, Vania; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 74-75; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The paper describes the Olimpo System, a knowledge-based system that enables the user to access textual files and to retrieve information that is similar to the search context described by the user in natural language. The paper is focused on the innovation recently implemented on the system and its new features. A detailed description is presented about the search level and the similarity metrics used by the system. The methodology applied to the Olimpo system emphasises the use of information retrieval methods combined with the Artificial Intelligence technique named SCS (Structured Contextual Search). Knowledge Based Systems; Information Retrieval 20050001331 Porto Univ., Portugal Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks Neto, Luiz Biondi; SoaresdeMello, Joao; Velloso, Maria Fernandes; Meza, Lidia Angulo; Coelho, Pedro Gouvea; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 54; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper investigates the application of partially recurrent artificial neural networks (ANN) in the flow estimation for Sao Francisco River that feeds the hydroelectric power plant of Sobradinho. An Elman neural network was used suitably arranged to receive samples of the flow time series data available for Sao Francisco River shifted by one month. For that, the neural network input had a delay loop that included several sets of inputs separated in periods of five years monthly shifted. The considered neural network had three hidden layers. There is a feedback between the output and the input of the first hidden layer that enables the neural network: to present temporal capabilities useful in tracking time variations. The data used in the 170

application concern to the measured Sao Francisco river flow time series from 1931 to 1996, in a total of 65 years from what 60 were used for training and 5 for testing. The obtained results indicate that the Elman neural network is suitable to estimate the river flow for 5 year periods monthly. The average estimation error was less than 0.2 %. Neural Nets; Time Series Analysis; Rivers; Water Flow; Flow Measurement 20050001347 Porto Univ., Portugal Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability Petit, Claude; Billy, Mathilde; Magaud, Francois-Xavier; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 57; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper summarizes a new approach of the Cased-based Reasoning. The cases are not stored. The problem case solution is built as a puzzle. The puzzle obtained corresponds to the required solution. Each part is carrying information and has an associative behavior. A piece seeks the piece which can be associated in width and in depth method. This associative behavior is determined by several mechanisms: engine of expert system to binary rules, model of multicriterion choice of ordinal outclassing, search for close indices. A puzzle can thus have a complex mode of reasoning; each piece has a specific behavior. The tool was tested on two applications of decision-making aid: identification of malaria facies and assistance to the specification of habitats.) These applications made it possible to check the interest of this original framework. In particular it brings an elegant solution to the phase of adaptation in CBR technique. Problem Solving; Decision Making; Expert Systems 20050001354 Porto Univ., Portugal Adaptive Techniques for the Human Faces Detection Marar, Joao Fernando; Costa, Danilo Nogueira; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 74; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents results from an efficient approach to an automatic detection and extraction of human faces from images with any color, texture or objects in background, that consist in find isosceles triangles formed by the eyes and mouth. Pattern Recognition; Anthropometry; Face (Anatomy) 20050001380 Porto Univ., Portugal The Data Flow and Distributed Calculations Intelligence Information Technology for Decision Support System in Real Time Okhtilev, Michael; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 45; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The aim of this investigation is to develop unified models of complex technological process as controlled object states knowledge presentation; methods, algorithms and system of complex technological process states monitoring (situation assessment) programs automatic synthesis according to preset target and capability of verification and optimization considered; special software prototype realizing controlled objects automatic monitoring. Decision Support Systems; Information Flow; Real Time Operation; Artificial Intelligence 20050001383 Porto Univ., Portugal G.R.E.E.N. An Expert System to Identify Gymnosperms Bailon, Antonio; Gibaja, Eva; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 74; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The application of Artificial Intelligence techniques to the problem of botanical identification is not particularly widespread ever less so on Internet. There are several interactive identification systems but they usually deal with raw knowledge so it appears that research and development of web-based expert systems are still in their early stage (Li et al., 2002). In this paper we present the G.R.E.E.N. (Gymnosperms Remote Expert Executed Over Networks) System as an Expert System for the identification of Iberian Gymnosperms which allows on-line uncertainty queries to be made. The System is 171

operative and it can be consulted in http://drimys.ugr.es/experto/index.html. Expert Systems; Plants (Botany); Identifying 20050010137 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project Morris, Robert; Smith, Ben; Estlin, Tara; Pedersen, Liam; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; 8th ESA Workshop on Advance Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation, ASTRA 2004, 2-4 Nov. 2004, Noordwijk, Netherlands; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only This paper will provide an overview of NASA s investments in autonomy during the past five years within the Intelligent Systems Project, with particular attention paid to investments that have resulted in mission infusion of autonomy technology, in particular, into the recent Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission. The content of the paper will be divided into two primary topic areas: a technical overview of the component technologies developed under the program, and a programmatic overview of the history and organization of the NASA IS project itself, with a focus on describing the program elements related to autonomy and intelligent robotics. The paper will also provide an overview of the September 2004 autonomy demonstrations, including a discussion of objectives, organization, and preliminary results (to the extent they are available before the submission deadline). Autonomy; Mars Exploration; NASA Programs; Robotics 20050010280 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Application of Control Theory in the Formation of a Timescale Koppang, P., ; Johns, D., ; Skinner, J., ; Sep. 2004; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427849; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () We have created a timescale that joins the short-term stability of several hydrogen masers with the long-term capabilities of an ensemble of cesium frequency standards. Control theory is utilized in a system design that combines frequency standards with varied properties. The system steers a maser ensemble with respect to a cesium ensemble while minimally perturbing the maser short-term performance. Results are given from both simulated and measured data. Systems are designed using linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) and pole-placement techniques. Control Theory 20050010281 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms Field, Robert W., ; Jun. 2004; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-1-0078; Proj-2303 Report No.(s): AD-A427850; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0570; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The formation, deactivation, and detection mechanisms of atoms and molecules in metastable electronically excited states are, in general, ill characterized. Yet the chemical and photophysical properties of such states are relevant to Air Force Missions in communication, upper atmosphere modeling, and high-speed vehicle tracking, and identification. The capabilities of a multispectral molecular beam apparatus have been demonstrated on the electronic spectrum of acetylene in the energy region of the first excited singlet state (S1), which is isoenergetic with high vibrational levels of the metastable triplet states (T1, T2, T3). This apparatus records two kinds of spectra (UV-LIF and SEELEM, respectively UltraViolet Laser Induced Fluorescence and Surface Electron Ejection by Laser Excited Metastables) simultaneously, which sample complementary groups of short- and long-lived rovibronic states. The most remarkable findings are: (i) UV-LIF spectra contain fully assignable eigenstates with dominant S1 or T3 character, where the T3 character acts as a doorway into states of dominant T1, T2 character that appear in SEELEM spectra; (ii) SEELEM spectra contain eigenstates that are rotationally fully assignable, regular in level pattern and relative intensity, yet vibrationally ergodic. Ergodicity in T23 coexists with doorway behavior in T1. Ergodicity, contrary to naive expectations, results in regular appearing spectra. Destruction; Ejection; Energetic Particles; Lasers; Metastable State; Molecules; Pattern Recognition; Spectroscopy 172

64 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Includes iteration, differential and difference equations, and numerical approximation. 20050001282 Porto Univ., Portugal Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation Silva, Joao Paulo Domingos; Soares, Daniel Alencar; Diniz, Antonia Sonia Cardoso; Pereira, Elizabeth Marques Duarte; Galvez, Luis Enrique Zarate; Vimieiro, Renato; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 51; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Due the necessity of new ways of energy producing solar collector systems have been widely used around the world. The efficiency of this kind of systems is calculated through measurement of process parameters. There are mathematical models that represent these systems. However these models involve several parameters that may lead to nonlinear equations of the process. Artificial Neural Networks have been proposed in this work as an alternative of these models. However, a better modeling of the process by means of ANN depends on a representative training set. In order to better define the training set, the clustering technique called k-means has been used in this work. Neural Nets; Solar Collectors; Mathematical Models; Nonlinear Equations 20050001290 Porto Univ., Portugal Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm Martinez-Otzeta, Jose Maria; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 50-51; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The k-nearest Neighbor (k-nn) classification method assigns to an unclassified point the class of the nearest of a set of previously classified points. A problem that arises when applying this technique is that each labeled sample is given equal importance in deciding the class membership of the pattern to be classified, regardless of the typicalness of each neighbor. Information Systems, CFP available Page 51 of 188 We report on the application of a new hybrid version named Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k Nearest Neighbor algorithm (IPW-k-NN) which classifies new cases based on the probability distribution each case has to belong to each class. These probabilities are computed for each case in the training database according to the k Nearest Neighbors it has in this database this is a new way to measure the typicalness of a given case with regard to every class. Experiments have been carried out using UCI Machine Learning Repository well-known databases and performing 10-fold cross-validation to validate the results obtained in each of them. Three different distances (Euclidean, Camberra and Chebychev) are used in the comparison done. Classifications; Algorithms; Data Bases; Machine Learning; Probability Theory 20050001291 Porto Univ., Portugal Application Of Neural Networks For Prior Appraisal Of Structural Funds Project Proposals Grzeszczyk, Tadeusz A.; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 51; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The subject of present paper is to discuss the layout of conception referred to the use of artificial intelligence methods (neural networks) for prior appraisal of project proposals to be submitted by Polish enterprises to European Union in order to get financial assistance for investments from the EU structural funds and the state budget. The experiments are limited to prior appraisal of the projects submitted or,ly, as their practical execution may begin not earlier than on the 1st May 2004 (enlargement of European Union). of the present paper discusses the method referred to appraisal of project proposal,, submitted by enterprises. The method is related to review and acceptance of expenditures for investments co-financed by European Regional Development Fund. The author formulates conception for implementation of appraisal principles which could be considered as element of review and acceptance of expenditures according to Commission Regulation 1685/2000. Artificial Intelligence; Layouts; Neural Nets; Proposals 20050001334 Porto Univ., Portugal A Comparison Between The Proportional Keen Approximator And The Neural Networks Learning Methods Kabiri, Peyman; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 47-48; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 173

The Proportional Keen Approximation method is a young learning method using the linear approximation to learn hypothesis. In the paper this methodology will be compared with another well-established learning method i.e. the Artificial Neural Networks. The aim of this comparison is to learn about the strengths and the weaknesses of these learning methods regarding different properties of their learning process. The comparison is made using two different comparison methods. In the first method the algorithm and the known behavioural model of these methods are analysed. Later, using this analysis, these methods are compared. In the second approach, a reference dataset that contains some of the most problematic features in the learning process is selected. Using the selected dataset the differences between two learning methods are numerically analysed and a comparison is made. Neural Nets; Approximation; Algorithms 20050001345 Porto Univ., Portugal Linguistic Description of Patterns from Mined Images Nair, Hema; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 46; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The objective of this paper is to propose an approach to describe patterns in remote-sensed images utilising fuzzy logic. The general form of a linguistically quantified proposition is QY s are F where Q is a fuzzy linguistic quantifier, Y is a class of objects and F is a summary that applies to that class. The truth of such a proposition can be determined for each object characterized by a tuple in the database. Fuzzy descriptions of linguistic summaries help to evaluate the degree to which a summary describes an object or pattern in the image. A genetic algorithm technique is used to obtain optimal solutions that describe all the objects or patterns in the database. Image mining is used to extract unusual patterns from multi-dated satellite images of a geographic area. Fuzzy Systems; Genetic Algorithms; Linguistics 20050001357 Porto Univ., Portugal A Comparative Study Of Evolutionary Algorithms For Training Of Elman Recurrent Neural Networks To Predict The Autonomous Indebtedness Pegalajar, M. Carmen; Cuellar, Manuel-Pegalajar; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 67-68; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper we will show a training model for Elman Recurrent Neural Networks, based on Evolutionary Algorithms. It will be applied to Spanish Autonomous Indebtness Prediction. Applied Evolutionary Algorithms are Classic Genetic Algorithms, Multimodal Clearing algorithm and CHC algorithm. We will make a comparative study, training the net with each evolutionary algorithm to see the affectiveness of each training model to predict the Spanish Autonomous Indebtness. Neural Nets; Genetic Algorithms 20050001358 Porto Univ., Portugal Mining Scientific Results Through The Combined Use Of Clustering And Linear Programming Techniques Greco, Sergio; Tagarelli, Andrea; Trubitsyna, Irina; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 62; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The paper proposes a technique based on a combined approach of data mining algorithms and linear programming methods for classifying organizational units, such as research centers. We exploit clustering algorithms for grouping information concerning the scientific activity of research centers. We also show that the replacement of an expensive efficiency measurement, based on the solution of linear programs, with a simple formula allows to efficiently compute clusters of very good quality. Some initial experimental results, obtained from the analysis of research centers in the agro-food sector, show the effectiveness of our approach, bc.th from an efficiency and a quality-of-results viewpoint. Algorithms; Data Mining 20050001364 Porto Univ., Portugal Structural Inertia Of Voting Systems Carreras, Francesc; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 50; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 174

Simple games reflect with more or less fidelity the strategic tensions inherent to voting systems. An interesting feature of these systems is their capability to act, i.e. their decisiveness. We introduce in this work a normalized measure of the inertia of any simple game from the strictly structural or normative viewpoint. Mathematical properties of this measure are presented, including axiomatic characterizations. The application to a comparative study of certain actual voting systems evidences striking differences as to the inertia degrees they show. Inertia; Voting; Games 20050001369 Porto Univ., Portugal A Symbolic Approach to Linguistic Negation Pacholczyk, Daniel; El-Sayed, Mazen; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 76; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Negation processing is a challenging problem studied by a large number of researchers from different communities. This paper focuses on the linguistic negation rather than on the logical one. Our work is based on the main standard forms of linguistic negation interpretations represented as x is not A. The reference frame associated with a standard form contains all its positive interpretations. The main goal of dealing with negation is the selection of one (or several) positive interpretation (s) associated with a negative sentence from its reference frame. The originality of our approach results from the fact that we do not research directly all affirmative; interpretations of a negation, but we approximate its significance. We introduce two operators, one is optimistic and the other is pessimistic. They are defined according to rough set theory. By using the new negation formulation, we propose several generalizations of the Modus Ponens rule dealing with negative information. The new model is proposed within a symbolic many-valued predicate logic. Symbols; Linguistics; Predicate Logic 20050001376 Porto Univ., Portugal Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting Camargo, Maria Emilia; Filho, Walter Priesnitz; IsabeldosSantos, Angela; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 76; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents the use of times series AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) ARIMA model with interventions, and neural network back-propagation model in analyzing the behavior of sales in a medium size enterprise located in Rio Grande do Sul Brazil for the period January 1979 December 2002. The forecasts obtained using the backpropagation model were found to be more accurate than those of ARIMA model with interventions. Autoregressive Moving Average; Backpropagation (Artificial Intelligence); Forecasting; Neural Nets; Time Series Analysis 20050009898 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) Hull, Patrick V.; Canfield, Stephen; 1 November 2004; 30 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC8-222; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The field of distributed-compliance mechanisms has seen significant work in developing suitable topology optimization tools for their design. These optimal design tools have grown out of the techniques of structural optimization. This paper will build on the previous work in topology optimization and compliant mechanism design by proposing an alternative design space parameterization through control points and adding another step to the process, that of subdivision. The control points allow a specific design to be represented as a solid model during the optimization process. The process of subdivision creates an additional number of control points that help smooth the surface (for example a C(sup 2) continuous surface depending on the method of subdivision chosen) creating a manufacturable design free of some traditional numerical instabilities. Note that these additional control points do not add to the number of design parameters. This alternative parameterization and description as a solid model effectively and completely separates the design variables from the analysis variables during the optimization procedure. The motivation behind this work is to create an automated design tool from task definition to functional prototype created on a CNC or rapid-prototype machine. This paper will describe the proposed compliant mechanism design process and will demonstrate the procedure on several examples common in the literature. Optimization; Parameterization; Finite Element Method; Topology; Design Analysis 175

20050010195 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Salisbury, Australia A Logical and Probabilistic Technique for Classification and Dimensionality Reduction for Objects with Categorical Data Porter, Mark, ; Jun. 2004; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427562; DSTO-RR-0276; DODA-AR-013-127; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy A supervised learning technique, the Attribute Importance Measure (AIM) method, is proposed for the classification of objects with categorical attributes. The advantage of this method over existing techniques is its ability to perform classification and dimensionality reduction, or feature selection, with the same algorithm. The method uses probabilistic measures alongside logical concepts of sufficiency, necessity and irrelevance in providing corresponding weights to values in attribute value pairs. Finally an efficient search algorithm is developed which generates decision rules for classification. The performance of the new method is demonstrated on a commonly used machine learning data set. Algorithms; Classifications; Probability Theory 20050010204 Brown Univ., Providence, RI USA High Order Numerical Methods for Convection Dominated Problems Shu, Chi-Wang, ; Oct. 2004; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-00-1-0405 Report No.(s): AD-A427595; ARO-40470.18-MA; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This project is about the algorithm development, analysis, implementation and application aspects of high order finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) schemes, finite volume WENO schemes, discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods and spectral methods for solving convection dominated problems requiring long time integration and small dissipation/ dispersion with discontinuous or high gradient solutions. Algorithm development and analysis, investigation about efficient implementation including parallel implementations, and applications in computational fluid dynamics, computational semiconductor device simulation and other areas, are performed. The achievement strengthens our objective to obtain powerful and reliable high order numerical algorithms and use them to solve convection dominated problems, especially those of army interest. Computational Fluid Dynamics; Convection; Galerkin Method; Numerical Analysis 20050010283 State Univ. of New York, Stony Brook, NY USA Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems Glimm, James, ; Grove, John W., ; Kang, Yunghee, ; Lee, Taewon, ; Li, Xiaolin, ; Jan. 2001; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0642 Report No.(s): AD-A427855; ARO-42254.40-MA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The authors seek robust and understandable error models for shock physics simulations. The purpose of this paper is to explore complications introduced by spherical flow in the analysis of errors in the numerical solution of shock interaction problems. In contrast to the case of planar waves, the spherical waves are not constant in strength between interactions and the solution is not piecewise constant between waves. Nevertheless, simple power laws predict the dependence of the solution on the radius. The authors find that the same power laws predict the evolution of the error, as the error once formed propagates according to the same laws that govern the solution structures (i.e., the waves) themselves. They analyze errors in composite wave interaction problems based on the analysis of single interactions and a multi-path scattering formula to combine the effects of errors propagating through the individual interactions. They refine the wave filters they have previously introduced for the identification and analysis of wave strength and position in planar (1D) shock physics simulations. The filter now must be applicable to the case of non-constant states between waves. The numerical solutions, in contrast to the physical solutions, are approximately constant in a narrow region immediately adjacent to the numerical waves. For this reason, the planar one-dimensional wave filters provide sufficient accuracy and are used without change. However, as they contemplate the solution of the same problem in a two-dimensional cylindrical geometry (r, z) or three-dimensional rectangular geometry (x, y, z), and also contemplate the solutions of perturbed spherical problems (e.g., the spherical Richtmyer-Meshkov instability problem), there will be a need for higher dimensional wave filters. This paper offers a solution to this pattern recognition problem. (5 tables, 8 figures, 8 refs.) Error Analysis; Errors; Numerical Analysis; Shock Wave Interaction; Shock Waves; Spherical Waves 176

20050010287 National Standard Time and Frequency Lab., Taoyuan, Taiwan Time Domain Frequency Stability Estimation Based On FFT Measurements Chang, P. C., ; Peng, H. M., ; Lin, S. Y., ; Sep. 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427865; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The standard characterizations of frequency stability are, in the time domain, the Allan (or two-sample) variance and, in the frequency domain, the spectral density function (SDF). The former is mathematically related to the latter by the conversion between time and frequency domain. In this paper, the biases of the Fast Fourier transform (FFT) spectral estimate with Hanning window are checked and the resulting unbiased spectral density are used to calculate the Allan variance. Both the numerical integral and the curve-fitting methods are presented to calculate the variances. The numerical integral is a straightforward method to use, and we can get the integral approximation after eliminating some spike points from SDF, e.g. noise caused by ac power. In addition, a common model for SDF is linear combinations of powerlaw processes, which are distinguished by the integer powers in their functional dependence on Fourier frequency with the appropriate coefficients. Fitting a form of the above model to the resulting SDF using standard regression techniques can estimate these coefficients. Cutler s formula is adopted to calculate the integral approximation using these coefficients. The approximations of variances from these two methods are compared and analyzed. Finally, we discuss the limitations and possible errors from these two methods. Fast Fourier Transformations; Frequency Stability 20050010359 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA Numerical Optimization of Multifunctional Components Patera, Anthony T., ; Aug. 2004; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-03-1-0356 Report No.(s): AD-A428077; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0592; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Engineering components are increasingly complex in composition and structure and increasingly multifunctional: indeed, it is only through complexity and multifunctionality that we can satisfy the stringent performance requirements associated with critical defense applications. However, these complex, multifunctional systems no longer admit intuitive analysis of trade-off considerations: we must pursue optimization - optimal choice of material, configuration, and deployment - to realize the potential of these new approaches. The essential mathematical enabler - and our focus in this project -is very fast yet reliable prediction of component behavior; armed with the latter, we may then pursue extensive optimization and even real-time adaptive design and control. Critical ingredients of our approach are: (1) reduced-basis approximations to effect significant reduction in state-space dimensionality; (2) a posteriori error bounds to provide rigorous error estimation and control; (3) offline/online computational decompositions to permit rapid evaluation of output bounds in the limit of many queries. In this project, we extend our basic methodology to non-coercive, non-affine, non-linear, and non-elliptic (parabolic) problems: we may thus now address the full range of disciplines that typically describe actual thermo structure fluid acoustic electromagnetic multifunctional components. Numerical Analysis; Structural Design 20050010368 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA An Exact Analytical Expression of the Shear Coefficient in the Mindlin Plate Equation Hull, Andrew J., ; Oct. 2004; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A428107; NUWC-NPT-TR-11572; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This report derives an exact analytical expression of the shear coefficient in the Mindlin plate equation. The Mindlin plate equation is set equal to the thick plate equation, and the result is a closed-form expression of the shear coefficient at all wavenumbers and frequencies. A numerical example is included to show the variation of the shear coefficient. It is shown that the shear coefficient is extremely dependent on wavenumber and only slightly dependent on frequency. Shear coefficients derived in other work are compared favorably to the values calculated by this new method at the plate flexural wave response. Coeffıcients; Mindlin Plates; Wave Equations 177

65 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY Includes data sampling and smoothing; Monte Carlo method; time series analysis; and stochastic processes. 20050000122 ATK-Thiokol Propulsion, USA Circular Data Images for Directional Data Morpet, William J.; Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics; [2004]; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-97238; Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Directional data includes vectors, points on a unit sphere, axis orientation, angular direction, and circular or periodic data. The theoretical statistics for circular data (random points on a unit circle) or spherical data (random points on a unit sphere) are a recent development. An overview of existing graphical methods for the display of directional data is given. Cross-over occurs when periodic data are measured on a scale for the measurement of linear variables. For example, if angle is represented by a linear color gradient changing uniformly from dark blue at -180 degrees to bright red at +180 degrees, the color image will be discontinuous at +180 degrees and -180 degrees, which are the same location. The resultant color would depend on the direction of approach to the cross-over point. A new graphical method for imaging directional data is described, which affords high resolution without color discontinuity from cross-over. It is called the circular data image. The circular data image uses a circular color scale in which colors repeat periodically. Some examples of the circular data image include direction of earth winds on a global scale, rocket motor internal flow, earth global magnetic field direction, and rocket motor nozzle vector direction vs. time. Imaging Techniques; Data Structures; Data Processing; Vectors (Mathematics); Statistical Analysis 20050010099 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines Howse, J.; Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; May 2002; 48 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101678; LA-UR-02-1933; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy We developed a formal representation of the technique introduced in (Shawe-Taylor, Bartlett, Williamson, & Anthony, 1998; Shawe-Taylor & Cristianini, 1998) for bounding the generalization error of support vector machines. As a consequence we provide a framework that can be utilized to link learning strategies to their performance bounds in such a way that the bounds are expressed in terms of the structural properties of the learning strategy (e.g. characterizations of the optimum classifier in terms of the structure of the finite sample optimization criterion and its value at optimum). We use this framework to provide performance bounds for a class of support vector machines that includes the soft margin learning strategies commonly used in practice. We also show how to eliminate the effects of the center and scale of the data in the learning theorem. We apply this framework to improve results obtained in (Shawe-Taylor & Cristianini 1998) for the 2-norm soft margin learning strategy by exploiting a relationship between covering numbers of classes of linear functions and covering numbers of linear operators. This result is expressed in terms of the finite sample criterion value at optimum. Finally we show this bound can be expressed in terms of the random process. NTIS Linear Operators; Classifiers; Random Processes 20050010100 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria Cannon, A.; Howse, J.; Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Jun. 2002; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101677; LA-UR-02-2951; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy We study two design criteria for classication: the Neyman-Pearson criterion and a min-max criterion. For each we prove a lemma bounding estimation error in terms of error deviance. We then show how these lemmas can be used to determine probabilistic guarantees on estimation error. NTIS Design Analysis; Error Analysis; Estimators; Probability Theory 20050010335 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA Non-Rayleigh Reverberation Studies Abraham, Douglas A., ; Sep. 2004; 104 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-1-0115 Report No.(s): AD-A427976; ARL-09119; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy 178

The primary focus of the research was on developing a statistical model for non-rayleigh reverberation that allowed for analysis of the reverberation statistics, and therefore the sonar system probability of false alarm, as a function of sonar system and environmental parameters. Non-Rayleigh reverberation is a statistical representation of clutter in active sonar systems. False alarms arising from clutter are recognized as the primary hindrance to automating the detection-classificationlocalization (DCL) sonar signal processing chain for low- and mid-frequency systems operating in shallow water environments. The most significant accomplishment was a novel derivation of the well known K distribution using a finite number of scatterers as opposed to the traditionally assumed infinite (negative binomial distributed) number. This derivation allowed linking the shape parameter of the K distribution to sonar parameters such as transmit waveform bandwidth and array beamwidth as well as environmental parameters such as scatterer density and multipath propagation. Rayleigh Scattering; Reverberation; Signal Processing; Sonar 20050019173 Louisville Univ., KY USA Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications Farag, Aly A.; Nov. 2004; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-1-0367 Report No.(s): AD-A428114; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0579; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this investigation, the authors propose a methodology for 3-D model building through the fusion of multimodality data provided from space-borne and/ or air-borne sensors. A 3-D model of a target area can be built using different data types (e.g., Landsat MSS data, AVIRIS hyperspectral data, range and/or elevation (DEM) data). Data fusion and integration can be performed either at the data level or at the decision level. Multispectral and hyperspectral data sets can be classified locally (e.g., using the Fuzzy C-Mean classifier), then decision fusion is used to fuse the local decision classes, or data fusion techniques can be used to fuse the data sets into one data set for classification. Probabilistic and evidential methods for data fusion are investigated in this study. Topographic data from range scanners (ALTM) and/or radar (DTED) can be integrated, after registration, with the classification results of the multispectral and hyperspectral data to produce the final 3-D model of the sensed target area. Efforts addressed during 2001 included data collection, fuzzy classification for hyperspectral data, and fusion of range and stereo data. Efforts conducted during 2002 included updating the available programs and testing them with new data sets; statistical, fuzzy logic classifiers and data fusion algorithms; feature extraction; and image registration and fusion. Efforts conducted during 2003 included the development of high dimensional density estimation algorithms, statistical multi-stages classifier for multispectral data, and unsupervised statistical classification. Efforts during 2004 included mean field theory for density estimation using support vector machines and a unified framework for MAP estimation in remote sensing image segmentation. The titles of 13 seminars that were given during this contract period are listed. (14 refs.) Classifications; Detection; Image Processing; Multisensor Fusion; Remote Sensing; Targets; Three Dimensional Models 66 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH Includes mathematical modeling of systems; network analysis; mathematical programming; decision theory; and game theory. 20050001304 Porto Univ., Portugal A DSS for Assessing Technology Environments Camponovo, Giovanni; Pigneur, Yves; Bendahan, Samuel; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 56; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Assessing the external environment is an important component of organizations survival and success. Unfortunately, a huge amount of information must be collected and processed in order to obtain a thorough and comprehensive representation of the environment. A decision support system can be very useful in helping decision makers to organize and analyze this information efficiently and effectively. This paper outlines a conceptual proposition helping to design such a system by presenting an ontology of the relevant information elements (actors, issues and needs) and a set of tools to analyze them. This paper also illustrates a prototype version of one of these tools which supports the analysis of the actors and issues perspectives. Decision Support Systems; Organizations 179

20050010064 Porto Univ., Portugal Intranet Use: A Study of Five Swedish Organisations Nystrom, Christina Amcoff; Bank, Bjorn; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 136; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents a study carried out 2002, concerning the Intranet in five Swedish organizations. The purpose was to investigate in what way different aspects influence the use and understanding of an Intranet. An explorative approach was used, based on two interview guides. The first guide was directed to managers and IS representatives and covered background aspects of the Intranets as well as data about the businesses and their Intranets. The second guide was directed to all kinds of users and covered aspects about the use of Intranet and in what way users could influence the content and understanding of the Intranet. The persons interviewed represented end-users, managers and members of the IS-staffs. The results show that the Intranets in the study were poorly matured and that the main use mode was publishing. The underlying philosophy of the Intranets seemed to be self-information rather than to inform others. Furthermore, the use and understanding of Intranet differed between end-users, managers and the IS-staff according to trust and ideas of responsibilities. Finally, we have identified important aspects to be considered when investigating use of Intranets in further research. These aspects are strategies, context, further development process, competence and the Intranets organizational affiliation as well as the culture of the organization. Computer Networks; Systems Analysis; Operations Research 20050010095 Los Alamos National Lab., NM Support Vector Machines Hush, D.; Scovel, C.; Jan. 2000; 22 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101681; LAUR-00-579; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this report, we discuss Vapnik s support vector machines for separable and non-separable data. We discuss implementation issues, generalization performance, and how they are remarkably different from existing classifer design methodologies. NTIS Quadratic Programming; Hyperplanes; Optimization; Vector Analysis 20050010238 Rockwell Scientific Co., LLC, Thousand Oaks, CA USA Structured Modeling Language for Representing Active Template Libraries (Causal Modeling) El Fattah, Yousri M., ; Oct. 2004; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-C-0038; Proj-ATEM Report No.(s): AD-A427773; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-272; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () In this report we give a high-level description of the computational approach for the Causal Modeler (CModeler) tool. The tool provides a capability for capturing the cause/effect constraints in a Special Operations plan and for reasoning tasks in support of plan execution. The input to the tool is a plan created by a human planner in a mixed initiative environment using custom graphical interface (a program called SOFTools TPE) and the output is a minimal directed acyclic graph (DAG) representing a parsimonious potential causality graph. The nodes of the DAG are the actions and the directed arcs represent potential causal links. The term potential emphasizes the uncertainty in the abduced links since no requirement is placed on the availability of domain theory. Our approach relies on the structural information only; namely the temporal ordering of the actions and the task hierarchy of the plan. We describe one main application of the tool for the Special Operations domain to support the task of run-time replanning. The replanning task takes the unexpected events in the execution of the plan (e.g., late or aborted actions) and uses the causal model to compute the impact on future actions and reconfigure the plan. We summarize at the end of the report our views of the lessons learned and give concluding remarks about future directions for developing this technology. Libraries; Programming Languages; Templates 180

20050010261 Altarum Inst., Ann Arbor, MI USA Agents Overcoming Resource Independent Scaling Threats Van Dyke Parunak, H., ; Brueckner, Sven, ; Sauter, John A., ; Savit, Robert, ; Oct. 2004; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-C-0134; DARPA ORDER-K275; Proj-ANTS Report No.(s): AD-A427822; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-280; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This project uses abstract simulation models of resource allocation and mathematical techniques inspired by statistical physics to study the nonlinear emergent dynamics of distributed decentralized resource allocation. Our techniques seek to characterize the dynamics that may be anticipated in real systems, to predict pathological dynamics such as peaks in required computational effort and catastrophic breakdown in performance, and to develop control methods based on this understanding. Our general approach begins with a set of abstract Resource Allocation Games (RAG). These games are derived from the Minority Game, a simple model of competition for scarce re-sources that captures essential features of interactions among agents that are heterogeneous, autonomous, boundedly rational, adaptable, parallel, co-situated, and experienced. Our research explores and generally confirms two hypotheses concerning the dynamics of resource allocation. The Generality Hypothesis asserts that a generic RAG exhibits dynamics that are intrinsic to resource allocation, independent of mechanism. The Specificity Hypothesis asserts that a RAG can be developed to resemble a specific re-source allocation mechanism and study its (idiosyncratic) dynamics. Game Theory 20050010341 Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS USA Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land Berger, R. C., ; Lee, L. M., ; Sep. 2004; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427993; ERDC/CHL-TR-04-10; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy For modelers evaluating the impact of dam, levee and structure failures the need is to be able to determine the flood height and timing. A two-dimensional (2-D) model needs to be able to reproduce this flood wave along the channel and over dry ground. This report details the testing of the 2-D shallow-water module of the ADaptive Hydraulics (ADH) model for surges over initially dry ground. ADH utilizes an unstructured computational mesh that is automatically refined. Other modules in ADH include three-dimensional (3-D) Navier Stokes (with and without the hydrostatic pressure assumption) and groundwater flow. Testing is conducted in comparison to physical flume results for two test cases. The first test case is for a straight flume and the second contains a reservoir and a horseshoe channel section. It is important that the model match the timing of the surge as well as the height In both cases the ADH compared closely with the flume results. Adaptation; Arid Lands; Ground Water; Hydrostatic Pressure; Mathematical Models; Surges 20050010396 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods MacDonald, Jacqueline, ; Knopman, Debra, ; Lockwood, J. R., ; Cecchine, Gary, ; Willis, Henry, ; Jan. 2004; 176 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0003 Report No.(s): AD-A428211; RAND/MR-1674-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A09, Hardcopy Unexploded ordnance (UXO) and munitions constituents on former military bases in the USA are causing increasing concern. While civilian fatalities from UXO explosions on U.S. soil have been rare, the risk of such accidents could increase substantially as more closed bases are transferred from military to civilian control. Since the end of the Cold War, approximately 20 percent of major domestic military bases and many smaller ones have been closed and designated for eventual transfer to civilian ownership. Reflecting the growing concern about domestic UXO sites, the National Defense ization Act of 2002 directs the Department of Defense to inventory UXO sites, establish a new program element for UXO remediation, and assess progress to date on cleaning up UXO. This report addresses one part of the process of cleaning up UXO and munitions constituents at domestic military installations: the assessment of risks associated with these contaminants. Risk assessment helps define the technical dimension of UXO problems. It provides a technical basis for setting priorities among sites and choosing among alternative cleanup strategies. It is important to keep in mind that even the best-designed set of risk assessment methods will not resolve all the controversies that arise at UXO sites. Risk assessment can help educate the participants in the decision process about the nature and magnitude of risk involved. However, the 181

ultimate decision about how to respond to UXO must be based on ethical concerns, socioeconomic issues, and costs, in addition to risk. The risk assessor s job is not to decide what risk is acceptable; it is to do the best possible job calculating the risk. This report evaluates the adequacy of methods developed for UXO risk assessment, reviews the risk assessment methodologies of other Federal agencies for possible application to UXO, and proposes strategies for improving risk assessment methods for UXO sites. (24 tables, 23 figures, 88 re7 Ammunition; Assessments; Closures; Contamination; Risk 20050019174 Military Academy, West Point, NY USA Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation Brence, John R.; Kwinn, Michael J., Jr.; Thomas, David A.; Oct. 2004; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A428144; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Development of a useful recruiting model requires an in-depth investigation of previous models and the recruiting processes of today. An objective study of the quantitative and qualitative aspects of recruiting is necessary to meet the future needs of the Army, in light of strong possibilities of recruiting resource reduction and increasing mission requirements. Our research will develop a model with an eye towards recruiting process improvement. Our methodology will build on both the new and old schools of recruiting by conducting stakeholder interviews that will lead us to a model that is an efficient starting point for the Recruiter Mission Allocation (RMA) process, will ensure user buy-in, and will seek to fill-in process pitfalls along the way. Allocations; Qualitative Analysis; Quantitative Analysis 67 THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS Includes algebra, functional analysis, geometry, topology, set theory, group theory and number theory. 20050001384 Porto Univ., Portugal Bayesian Network Classifiers Versus K-NN Classifier Using Sequential Feature Selection Pernkopf, Franz; Bouchaffra, Djamel; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 74; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The aim of this paper is to compare Bayesian network classifiers to the k-nn classifier based on a subset of features. This subset is established by means of sequential feature selection methods. Experimental results show that Bayesian network classifiers more often achieve a better classification rate on different data sets as selective k-nn classifiers. The k-nn classifier performs well in the case where the number of samples for learning the parameters of the Bayesian network is small Bayesian network classifiers outperform selective k-nn methods in terms of memory requirements and computational demands. Bayes Theorem; Belief Networks 20050010213 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy Phillips, Barton L., ; Sep. 2004; 101 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427695; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () This thesis analyzes the effect of quantitative and qualitative factors used in the admissions process at the U.S. Naval Academy in determining the performance of candidates admitted. In determining student performance, graduation, Order of Merit (OOM), cumulative academic Quality Point Ratio (QPR), cumulative military QPR, and striper selection are used as performance outcome measures. The data is from Naval Academy graduation year groups 1995 through 2001. The analysis separates the Naval Academy s Whole Person Multiple into quantitative and qualitative inputs. The Candidate Multiple (CM) is the quantitative input to the admissions process derived from a statistics-based scoring model anchored in proven high school performance measures such as the SAT and high school GPA. The Recommendations of the Admissions Board (RAB) are the qualitative input, which awards points for subjective traits not captured in the CM or that are from various other subjective measures, such as student interviews and essays. This research highlights the properties of the two admissions factors and their estimated impact on student performance. The results show that student performance increased as CM and 182

RAB increased, revealing the importance of a combined quantitative and qualitative admissions process, and emphasizing qualitative input as the value added factor that provides an increased predictability of student success. (26 tables, 22 figures, 26 refs.) Prediction Analysis Techniques; Qualitative Analysis; Quantitative Analysis; Students; United States 20050010303 Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI USA Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels Ibrahim, Raouf A., ; Nov. 2004; 34 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-03-1-0229 Report No.(s): AD-A427901; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0561; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The influence of boundary condition relaxation on two-dimensional panel flutter is studied in the presence of in-plane loading. The boundary value problem of the panel involves time-dependent boundary conditions that are converted into autonomous form using a special coordinate transformation. Galerkin s method is used to discretize the panel partial differential equation into six nonlinear ordinary differential equations representing the first six modes. The influence of boundary condition relaxation on the panel modal frequencies and limit cycle amplitudes in the time and frequency domains is examined through the spectrogram of the generalized coordinate for each mode. The relaxation and system nonlinearity are found to have opposite effects on the time evolution of the panel frequency. Depending on the system damping and dynamic pressure, the panel frequency content can increase or decrease with time as the boundary conditions approach simple supports. Bifurcation diagrams are generated by taking the dynamic pressure and relaxation parameters as control parameters. They reveal different regions of periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic motions. These regions take place only when the in-plane load exceeds the Euler buckling load. The report includes the related paper Influence of Joint Relaxation on Deterministic and Stochastic Panel Flutter, by R. A. Ibrahim, D. M. Beloiu, and C. L. Pettit. (16 figures, 18 refs.) Aerodynamic Loads; Aeroelasticity; Boundary Conditions; Boundary Value Problems; Flutter; Panel Flutter; Panels 70 PHYSICS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to mechanics, kinetics, magnetism, and electrodynamics. For specific areas of physics see categories 71 through 77. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography; for geophysics, astrophysics, or solar physics see 46 Geophysics, 90 Astrophysics, or92 Solar Physics. 20050000005 Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners Chao, Y. C.; Chevtsov, P.; Day, A.; Freyberger, A. P.; Hicks, R.; 2004; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-825063; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No abstract available Interferometers; Particle Beams; Radiation Counters 20050000017 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA, USA QCD Technology: Light-Cone Quantization and Commensurate Scale Relations Brodsky, S. J.; Sep. 1999; 58 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-12479; SLAC-PUB-8240; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge I discuss several theoretical tools which are useful for analyzing perturbative and non-perturbative problems in quantum chromodynamics, including (a) the light-cone Fock expansion, (b) the effective charge(alpha)(sub v), (c) conformal symmetry, and (d) commensurate scale relations. Light-cone Fock-state wavefunctions encode the properties of a hadron in terms of its fundamental quark and gluon degrees of freedom. Given the proton s light-cone wavefunctions, one can compute not only the quark and gluon distributions measured in deep inelastic lepton-proton scattering, but also the multi-parton correlations which control the distribution of particles in the proton fragmentation region and dynamical higher twist effects. NTIS Quantum Chromodynamics; Light-Cone Expansion 183

20050000018 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA, USA Nonlinear Longitudinal Waves in High Energy Stored Beams Tzenov, S. I.; Jul. 1999; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-10124; SLAC-PUB-8210; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge We solve the Vlasov equation for the longitudinal distribution function and find stationary wave patterns when the distribution in the energy error is Maxwellian. In the long wavelength limit a stability criterion for linear waves has been obtained and a Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation for the relevant hydrodynamic quantities has been derived. NTIS Wavelengths; Boltzmann-Vlasov Equation 20050010092 Duquesne Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, USA Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials Sorescu, M.; Oct. 11, 2003; 22 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822368; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge Nanostructured magnetite/t multilayers, with T = Ni, Co, Cr, have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The thickness of individual magnetite and metal layers takes values in the range of 5-40nmwithatotalmultilayer thickness of 100-120 nm. X-ray diffraction has been used to study the phase characteristics as a function of thermal treatment up to 550 degrees C. Small amounts of magnetite and hematite were identified together with prevailing magnetite phase after treatments at different temperatures. The mean grain size of magnetite phase increases with temperature from 12 nm at room temperature to 54 nm at 550 degrees C. The thermal behavior of magnetite in multilayers in comparison with powder magnetite is discussed. These findings were published in peer-reviewed conference proceedings after presentation at an international materials conference. NTIS Magnetic Materials; Magnetite; Pulsed Laser Deposition; Powder (Particles); Laminates 20050010169 Rutgers Univ., USA Recent Results in Search for New Physics at the Tevatron (Run I) Zhou, J.; Jan. 2004; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-820675; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) We present some new results on searches for new physics at the Tevatron Run 1 (1992-1996). The topics covered are searches for R-Parity violating and conserving msugra, large extra dimensions in di-photon and monojet channels, leptoquark in jets + E(sub T) channel, and two model independent searches. All results were finalized during the past year. NTIS Nuclear Physics; Particle Accelerators; Nuclear Particles; High Energy Interactions 20050010342 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA An Electromagnetic/Acoustic Propagation Experiment Banks, H. T., ; Nov. 2003; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-02-1-0281 Report No.(s): AD-A427995; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0590; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy We proposed experiments to investigate electromagnetic acoustic waves interaction as part of a technology for pulsed microwave interrogation of materials. The technology involves using reflections of electromagnetic pulses from moving acoustic wavefronts to detect the presence of and determine composition (dielectric and geometric) of hidden objects. Applications of interest to DoD involve non-invasive interrogation of tissue, look-down surveillance and camouflage penetration (e.g., tanks under trees, and subsurface mines and bunkers) and environmental monitoring. Acoustic Propagation; Electromagnetic Wave Transmission 184

72 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Includes atomic and molecular structure, electron properties, and atomic and molecular spectra. For elementary particle physics see 73 Nuclear Physics. 20050000119 BAE Systems, Huntsville, AL, USA, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations Carpenter, P. K.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Workshop on Modeling Electron Transport for Applications in Electron and X-Ray Analysis and Metrology, 8-10 Nov. 2004, Gaithersburg, MD, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-02096; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy Monte Carlo (MC) modeling shows excellent prospects for simulating electron scattering and x-ray emission from complex geometries, and can be compared to experimental measurements using electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) and phi(rho z) correction algorithms. Experimental EPMA measurements made on NIST SRM 481 (AgAu) and 482 (CuAu) alloys, at a range of accelerating potential and instrument take-off angles, represent a formal microanalysis data set that has been used to develop phi(rho z) correction algorithms. The accuracy of MC calculations obtained using the NIST, WinCasino, WinXray, and Penelope MC packages will be evaluated relative to these experimental data. There is additional information contained in the extended abstract. Monte Carlo Method; Electron Scattering; Algorithms; Microanalysis; Copper Alloys 20050009889 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC Stelmakh, S.; Grzanka, E.; Zhao, Y.; Palosz, W.; Palosz, B.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-02096; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Thermal atomic motions of nanocrystalline Sic were characterized by two temperature atomic factors B(sub core), and B(sub shell). With the use of wide angle neutron diffraction data it was shown that at the diffraction vector above 15A(exp -1) the Wilson plots gives directly the temperature factor of the grain interior (B(sub core)). At lower Q values the slope of the Wilson plot provides information on the relative amplitudes of vibrations of the core and shell atoms. Atoms; Neutron Diffraction; Temperature Dependence 20050010203 California Univ., Irvine, CA USA Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection Rentzepis, M., ; Dvornikov, A., ; Mar. 2004; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-00-1-0427 Report No.(s): AD-A427586; ARO-40133.3-CH; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () We have studied the spectroscopy, kinetics and non-linear characteristics of conjugated organic dyes by means of a new femtosecond transient spectroscopy system that allows us to study delta A values as small as 0.003. We were able to measure accurately absorption spectra, kinetics and cross-sections of all states, transients and intermediate. These data prove that our materials have the best known RSA characteristics. All the molecules studied were found to have very strong and broad band reversed saturable absorption that collectively covers the optical spectrum relevant to optical limiters. We initiated studies using several molecules dispersed in a polymer matrix and find that as expected they cover the entire visible spectrum. Kinetic studies show that the RSA rate of formation is in the picosecond range and an intense transient absorption band is formed within the excitation pulse (r = 1.6 ps), and decays with a rate of -10 (10) s. We believe that such very highly absorbing and fast forming intermediate states will provide needed soldier and sensor protection. We were not able to proceed further with the practical devices we were fabricating because of the termination of this project. Eye Protection; Nonlinearity; Optical Materials; Protection 20050010292 Iowa State Univ. of Science and Technology, Ames, IA USA Development of Methods for the Real-Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye Petrich, Jacob W., ; Jul. 2004; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0460 Report No.(s): AD-A427875; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy 185

Fluorescence spectra of scrapie-infected sheep eyes have been compared with those of healthy cow eyes. All of the eye parts have been investigated in detail and assessed for their ability to determine whether they provide a probe of TSE infection. Animals; Detection; Eye (Anatomy); Fluorescence; Real Time Operation; Spectroscopy 20050010371 Canterbury Univ., Christchurch, New Zealand Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate Sarasanandarajah, Sivananthan, ; Kunnil, Joseph, ; Bronk, Burt V., ; Reinisch, Lou, ; Bronk, Burt V., ; Sep. 2004; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1710 Report No.(s): AD-A428113; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2004-0140; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Dipicolinic acid (DPA) and the Ca2+ complex of DPA (CaDPA) are major chemical components of bacterial spores. With fluorescence being considered for the detection and identification of spores, it is important to understand the optical properties of the major components of the spores. In this paper we report in some detail on the room temperature fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of DPA and its calcium ion complex and comparison of the excitation-emission spectrum in a dry, wet paste and aqueous form. DPA solutions have very weak, if any, fluorescence and it is only slightly greater in the dry state. After the exposure to a broad source UV light of the DPA, wet or dry, we observe a large increase in fluorescence with a maximum intensity emission peak at around 440 mn for excitation light with wavelength around 360 nm. There is a slight blue shift in the absorption spectra of UV exposed DPA from the unexposed DPA solution. CaDPA in solution and dried show very slight fluorescence and a substantial increase of fluorescence was observed after UV exposure with emission peak around 410 nm. for excitation around 305 nm. The detailed excitation-emission spectra presented here are necessary for better interpretation of the fluorescence spectra of bacterial spores where DPA is a major chemical component. Calcium; Chemical Composition; Fluorescence 74 OPTICS Includes light phenomena and the theory of optical devices; for specific optical devices see also 35 Instrumentation and Photography. For lasers see 36 Lasers and Masers. 20050010136 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA, Forest Service, Seattle, WA, USA Precision Forestry. Proceedings of the First International Precision Forestry Cooperative Symposium held in Seattle, Washington on June 17-20, 2001 Jun. 2001; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101729; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) No abstract available Forest Management; Forests 20050010357 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation Blumenthal, Daniel J., ; Oct. 2004; 15 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-99-1-0324; Proj-3484 Report No.(s): AD-A428075; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0589; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this research project the team studied unique gain and signal processing capabilities of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). The main areas studied over the 5 years of this award were: 1. Small signal processing using SOAs; 2. Large signal pulse shaping using SOAs; and 3. Optical signal processing and filtering using slow optical waveguides based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In this PECASE sponsored research they investigated the potential for compound semiconductor optical amplifiers (indium Phosphide) to serve as signal processing elements for various applications. Moving to the future, there is an opportunity to develop new materials and device structures that optimize the desired performance for small and large signal processing in SOAs. For large signal there is a need to develop InP amplifier structures that have ultrafast carrier recovery response time so that data rates out to l60gbps and beyond can be supported. The field of EIT in compound semiconductors is so new, that this probably represents the biggest opportunity but is also the largest risk. Finding the correct compound semiconductor system that at room temperature can yield increases in refractive 186

index by factors of 10, 100 and 1000 greater than possible today has the potential to shrink photonic circuits to nanometer dimensions as well as ultra high scale density integration. Computation; Optical Communication; Optical Filters; Semiconductor Devices; Signal Processing 75 PLASMA PHYSICS Includes magnetohydrodynamics and plasma fusion. For ionospheric plasmas see 46 Geophysics. For space plasmas see 90 Astrophysics. 20050010121 Princeton Univ., NJ Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode Redi, M. H.; Fiore, C. L.; Dorland, W.; Mikkelsen, D. R.; Rewoldt, G.; Nov. 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-820200; PPPL-3903; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Recent H-mode experiments on Alcator C-Mod (I. H. Hutchinson, et al., Phys. Plas. 1, 1511 (1994)) which exhibit an internal transport barrier (ITB), have been examined with flux tube geometry gyrokinetic simulations, using the massively parallel code GS2 (M. Kotschenreuther, G. Rewoldt, and W. M. Tang, Comput. Phys. Commun. 88, 128 (1995)). The simulations support the picture of ion/electron temperature gradient (ITG/ETG) microturbulence driving high xi/xe and that suppressed ITG causes reduced particle transport and improved xi on C-Mod. Nonlinear calculations for C-Mod confirm initial linear simulations, which predicted ITG stability in the barrier region just before ITB formation, without invokingexbshear suppression of turbulence. Nonlinear fluxes are compared to experiment, which both show low heat transport in the ITB and higher transport within and outside of the barrier region. NTIS Plasma Turbulence; Magnetohydrodynamic Stability 20050010161 General Atomics Co., San Diego, CA DIII-D Research Operations Annual Report to the U.S. Department of Energy. October 1, 2001 through September 30, 2002 Evans, T. E.; Dec. 2003; 76 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-821577; GA-A24319; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge The mission of the DIII-D research program is: To establish the scientific basis for the optimization of the tokamak approach to fusion energy production. The program is focused on developing the ultimate potential of the tokamak by building a better fundamental understanding of the physics of plasma confinement, stability, current drive and heating in high performance discharges while utilizing new scientific discoveries and improvements in their knowledge of these basic areas to create more efficient control systems, improved plasma diagnostics and to identify new types of enhanced operating regimes with improved stability properties. In recent years, this development path has culminated in the advanced tokamak (AT) approach. An approach that has shown substantial promise for improving both the fusion yield and the energy density of a burning plasma device. While the challenges of increasing AT plasma performance levels with greater stability for longer durations are significant, the DIII-D program has an established plan that brings together both the critical resources and the expertise needed to meet these challenges. The DIII-D research staff is comprised of about 300 individuals representing 60 institutions with many years of integrated research experience in tokamak physics, engineering and technology. The DIII-D tokamak is one of the most productive, flexible and best diagnosed magnetic fusion research devices in the world. It has significantly more flexibility than most tokamaks and continues to pioneer the development of sophisticated new plasma feedback control tools that enable the explorations of new frontiers in fusion science and engineering. NTIS Combustion; Plasma Control; Flux Density 20050010245 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas Walker, David N., ; Amatucci, William E., ; Fernsler, Richard F., ; Blackwell, David D., ; Messert, Sarah J., ; Oct. 2004; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A427790; NRL/MR/6755-04-8822; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy 187

We have performed experiments designed to investigate the radiation characteristics of a spherical capacitive probe in a plasma environment in the large Space Physics Simulation Chamber at the Naval Research Laboratory. In the process we are able to approximate plasma density and electron neutral collision frequency in simulated space plasma environments consistent with earlier experimental efforts using plasma impedance probes. By using only the S(sub 11)-parameter outputs of a network analyzer, or the reflection coefficients, we are able to unfold both these quantities with measured data sets. In addition, we observe significant energy absorption at frequencies much less than the plasma frequency which we associate with a sheath-plasma resonance. This report is an exposition of this method along with data results and a comparison to theory. Collisionless Plasmas; Energy Absorption; Plasma Sheaths 76 SOLID-STATE PHYSICS Includes condensed matter physics, crystallography, and superconductivity. For related information see also 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering; and 36 Lasers and Masers. 20050000110 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA The Nucleation and Growth of Protein Crystals Pusey, Marc; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Fall Seminar Series, 4-6 Nov. 2004, Toledo, OH, USA; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Obtaining crystals of suitable size and high quality continues to be a major bottleneck in macromolecular crystallography. Currently, structural genomics efforts are achieving on average about a 10% success rate in going from purified protein to a deposited crystal structure. Growth of crystals in microgravity was proposed as a means of overcoming size and quality problems, which subsequently led to a major NASA effort in microgravity crystal growth, with the agency also funding research into understanding the process. Studies of the macromolecule crystal nucleation and growth process were carried out in a number of labs in an effort to understand what affected the resultant crystal quality on Earth, and how microgravity improved the process. Based upon experimental evidence, as well as simple starting assumptions, we have proposed that crystal nucleation occurs by a series of discrete self assembly steps, which set the underlying crystal symmetry. This talk will review the model developed, and its origins, in our laboratory for how crystals nucleate and grow, and will then present, along with preliminary data, how we propose to use this model to improve the success rate for obtaining crystals from a given protein. Nucleation; Protein Crystal Growth 20050009894 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification Palosz, W.; Volz, M. P.; Cobb, S.; Motakef, S.; Szofran, F. R.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-02096; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The conditions of detached solidification under controlled pressure differential across the meniscus were investigated. Uncoated and graphite- or BN-coated silica and pbn crucibles were used. Detached and partly detached growth was achieved in pbn and BN-coated crucibles, respectively. The results of the experiments are discussed based on the theory of Duffar et al. Solidification; Crystal Growth; Directional Solidification (Crystals); Germanium 77 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and statistical mechanics. For related information see also 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics, 73 Nuclear Physics, and 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. 20050010289 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA Order Lattices of Quantum Dots Speck, James S., ; Petroff, Pierre M., ; Nov. 2004; 83 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-1-0311 Report No.(s): AD-A427868; AFRL-SR-AR-TR-04-0574; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy 188

This program has been focused on the development of the enabling tools for future generation optoelectronic devices. We have focused on two main areas: (i) controlled position of quantum dots - primarily in the InAs/GaAs system and (ii) development of group III-nitride quantum dots - primarily in the GaN/AIN system. Electro-Optics; Quantum Dots 80 SOCIAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to sociology; educational programs and curricula. For specific topics in these areas see categories 81 through 85. 20050001294 Porto Univ., Portugal Majority Voting In Stable Marriage Problem With Couples Veskioja, Tarmo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 80; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Providing centralised matching services can be viewed as a group decision support system (GDSS) for the participants to reach a stable matching solution. In the original stable marriage problem all the participants have to rank all members of the opposite party. Two variations for this problem allow for incomplete preference lists and ties in preferences. If members from one side are allowed to form couples and submit combined preferences, then the set of stable matchings may be empty. In that case it is necessary to use majority voting between matchings in a tournament. We propose a majority voting tournament method based on monotone systems and a value function for it. The proposed algorithm should minimize transitivity faults in tournament ranking. Couples; Decision Support Systems; Voting 20050001361 Porto Univ., Portugal Outlier Detection And Visualisation Boudjeloud, Lydia; Poulet, Francois; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 80; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The outlier detection problem has important applications in the field of fraud detection, network robustness analysis, and intrusion detection. Most such applications are high dimensional domains in which the data can contain hundreds of dimensions. However, in high dimensional space, the data is sparse and the notion of proximity fails to retain its meaningfulness. Many recent algorithms use heuristics such as genetic algorithms, the taboo search.., in order to palliate these difficulties in high dimensional data. We present in this paper a new hybrid algorithm for outlier detection in high dimensional data. We evaluate the performances of the new algorithm on different high dimensional data sets, and visualise results for some data sets. Detection; Outliers (Statistics); Warning Systems 20050001363 Porto Univ., Portugal A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems Yim, Pascal; Belkahla, Olfa; Ghedira, Khaled; Korbaa, Ouajdi; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 52; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper deals with the problem of cyclic scheduling for Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) and presents a new Multi- Agent Model, composed of cooperating agents, for computing the Transient states between successive cyclic productions (called transient inter-productions). It aims to minimize the global makespan while reducing temporal complexity. The originality of the model relies on the use of Artificial Intelligence techniques, Multi- Agent Systems and Production management. Indeed, the planning phase allows, in the cyclic context, to determine the cyclic productions to respect the initial demand. These cyclic productions have to be sequenced each one in relation to the others. Once this operation done, the transient state allowing going from a cyclic state to the following one has to be determined and optimized. Manufacturing; Scheduling; Distributed Processing; Production Management 189

20050009983 Porto Univ., Portugal A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game Vassileva, Julita; Sharifi, Golha; Cao, Yang; Upadrashta, Yamini; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 133; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources When designing a distributed system where a certain level of cooperation among real people is important, for example CSCW systems, systems supporting workflow processes and peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, it is important to study the evolution of relationships among the users. People develop attitudes to other people and reciprocate the attitudes of other people when they able to observe them. We are interested to find out how the design of the environment, specifically the feedback mechanisms and the visualization may influence this process. For this purpose we designed a web-based multi-player computer game, which requires the players to represent explicitly their attitudes to other players and allows studying the evolution of interpersonal relationships in a group of players. Two versions of the game deploying different visualization techniques were compared with respect to the dynamics of attitude change and type of reactions. The results show that there are strong individual differences in the way people react to success and failure and how they attribute blame and change their attitude to other people involved in the situation. Also the level and way of visualizing the other players attitude influences significantly the dynamics of attitude change. Human Behavior; Human Relations; Games; Personality 81 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT Includes management planning and research. 20050001287 Porto Univ., Portugal Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents Alhaji, Reda; Baykal, Ozgur; Polat, Faruk; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 59-60; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes a cooperation framework for multiple role-based case-based reasoning (CBR) agents to handle the product recommendation problem for e-commerce applications. Each agent has different case structure with intersecting features and agents exploit all information related to the problem by cooperation, which is accomplished through the merge of distributed cases in order to form cases having better representation of the problem. The presented merge algorithm handles noisy distributed cases by negotiation on the difference values of the intersecting features. The role-based CBR agents merge the distributed cases by introducing a global heuristic function, which is used to evaluate the relevance of merged cases. The heuristic function exploits the relevancy of each merged case within the viewpoint of each agent and the satisfied/unsatisfied problem constraints. The viewpoint of an agent is represented by the value of consistency of distributed components of merged cases and agent s individual relevance values of the merged cases. Finally, the proposed framework has been tested for elective course recommendation. Electronic Commerce; Heuristic Methods; Market Research 20050001301 Porto Univ., Portugal Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements Azevedo, Americo; Proenca, Henrique; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 78; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources An important goal in schedule production orders through a manufacturing facility is to assure that the work is completed as close as possible to its due date. Work that is late creates downstream delays, while early completion can be detrimental if storage space is limited. Production planning and control manufacturing is becoming more difficult as family products increase and quantity decreases. This paper presents an ongoing information system development that aims the production planning o special test tables equipment for automobile components manufacturers. The simulated based information system will be used to support planning and schedule activities; to compare and analyze the impact of planning rescheduling; to forecast the production completion date; to detect: bottlenecks and to evaluate machines performance. Decision Support Systems; Manufacturing; General Overviews; Systems Engineering; Production Planning 190

20050001308 Porto Univ., Portugal An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce Al-Shrouf, Faiz; James, Walter; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 48; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper integrates decision support e-commerce applications, and the knowledge management domain with software agent technology. First, we give a brief overview of decision support systems. Then we present our terminology for the decision support e-commerce model and its components that utilize e-commerce application, agent-based knowledge management components, and a statistical testing model. We give a scenario for a multi-bidding e-commerce application and formulate a statistical testing model (Likelihood ratio test) based on a bivariate normal distribution. The aforementioned test model uses the power function to simulate results using four main agents namely an Information searching agent, a computing agent, a knowledge agent, and a decision support agent. Decision Support Systems; Electronic Commerce; Information Retrieval; Statistical Analysis 20050001318 Porto Univ., Portugal Knowledge Management and Its Application to Improve Workflow Dang, Tung; Frankovic, Baltazar; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 66-67; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper deals with one of many problems associated with building and developing a platform, based on the multi-agent technology for assisting office employees in their organization, and that is a problem of classification and identification of the right contacts. In order to assist newly arrived employees, agents search of the contacts used by previous employees and extract the one that is most appropriate for assisting the current activity. This paper presents methods for classification and selection of contacts based on the CBR technique and the forward search principle. The process of searching contacts is guided by user s personal criteria. At the end, this paper discusses some possible techniques to solve user s requirements, which cannot be achieved by using traditional search methods. Information Management; User Requirements 20050001319 Porto Univ., Portugal Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning Ha, Lidan; Forgionne, Guisseppi; Wang, Fen; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 45; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Strategic business planning is a critical decision problem determining the long-term survival and prosperity of companies especially in this E-era. The complex planning process can be facilitated through management science, economics, statistics, and other technological tools. However, managers are rarely aware of these tools, are not proficient in their use, or are incapable of acquiring the proficiency. Through theoretical exploration in previous phases of an ongoing project, we believed that such proficiency can be delivered through decision making support systems. The current study aims to develop and implement such a DMSS to deliver the specified e-business planning model and statistical methodologies, which can provide integrated and intelligent support for decision makers during the entire decision making process. A SAS-based approach was selected as the desired system development and implementation environment. It is the first time that theoretical implications from management science, marketing strategies and economic rules have been integrated in a strategic DMSS and implemented in a field setting. Decision Making; Decision Support Systems; Commerce 20050001335 Porto Univ., Portugal Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project Guimaraes, Francisco; Rosa, Cesar; Louca, Jorge; Meneses, Valmir; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 81; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents the work in progress in a three-dimensional project, including the theoretical foundations and main goals of the lines of research incorporating our project: user modeling in a distributed cooperative system, interactive 191

cooperation in a multi-agent structure, and knowledge representation in a cognitive agent architecture. These lines of research are complementary and share a main goal, to make propositions regarding the use of multi-agent systems in organizations, namely in what concerns support to decision making processes and, in a general way, knowledge management within organizations. Decision Making; Three Dimensional Models; Numerical Analysis 20050001339 Porto Univ., Portugal Quality Control Using Fuzzy Rule Based Classification Systems Ujjwal, Kumar; Sahu, Rajendra; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 69; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In recent years, Total Quality Management (TQM) has captured the worldwide attention and is being adopted in many organization both profit and non-profit. The aim of this paper is to generate those rules from the existing data that affect the quality of the product and use the generated rules to construct a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) which can be used for product classification under the categories of Good, Average and Poor. The rules will incorporate all the important attributes that affect a particular product. This paper uses the concept of Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS) which are widely used for process simulation or control. They can be designed either from expert knowledge or from data. For complex systems, FIS based on expert knowledge only may suffer from a loss of accuracy. This is the main incentive for using fuzzy rules inferred from data. In the synthesis of a fuzzy system from data two steps are generally employed: automatic rule generation and system optimization. This paper analyzes the grid partitioning approach of extracting rules from data and then it focuses on how the rules can be optimized and how the developed rules can be used for product classification on the basis of their quality. Fuzzy Systems; Classifications; Complex Systems; Total Quality Management 20050010021 Porto Univ., Portugal Financial Reporting: An Internet Clearinghouse Stavrovsky, Boris; Gottlieb, Max; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 134; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The creation of accounting transactions has changed from a manual to computerized recording. In many operational applications the accounting entries are generated as a byproduct of the underlying transactions (such as sales), thus making it possible to shorten the existing delays in creation of accounting data. Under this method it is possible to issue financial statements monthly or weekly, as opposed to the presently used quarterly and annual periods. Many corporations already generate such financial reports for their internal use, but not for external purposes. Corporations provide the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) with more detailed and supplemental information in addition to the financial reporting, including sales of their stocks by their officers. Corporations also disclose substantial facts in their press releases and conferences with financial analysts. They are obligated to disclose this information to their shareholders. But how to do it quickly in a way that small investor could obtain this information at the same time as the institutional investors? It would be advisable to distribute financial reports via an electronic clearinghouse. This method would permit an instant access to the reports and assure that these documents can not be modified. In the following paragraphs we will review the existing reporting frequency contrasting them with the needs of investors, and describe the generation of accounting transactions. Next the proposed method of collection and distribution of financial reports as well as their possible analyses by a central electronic clearing house will be discussed, Finally, we will explore the need for changes of the attestation standards, describe how to assure the integrity of distributed electronically financial statements, and the proposed sequence of implementation of the new distribution. Internets; Finance 20050010024 Porto Univ., Portugal Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams Karduck, Achim; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 136; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Some consulting projects are carried out in virtual teams, which are networks of people sharing a common purpose and working across organizational and temporal boundaries by using information technologies. Multiple investigations covering 192

these teams focus on coordination, group communication and computer supported collaborative work. However, additional perspectives like the formation of teams are also important. Here one should deal with the question how to form the best team. To approach this question, we have defined team formation as the process of finding the right expert for a given task and allocating the set of experts that best fulfills team requirements. This has been further transformed into a problem of constraint based optimal resource allocation. Our environment for computer supported team formation has been developed by adopting the brokerage view consisting in mediating experts between peers requesting a team and the ones willing to participate in a team. Computer supported brokerage of experts has been realized as a distributed problem solving involving entities representing experts, brokers and team initiators. Resource Allocation; Teams; Personnel Selection; Human Resources; Optimization 20050010028 Porto Univ., Portugal E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia Darussman, Abu Hassan; Ramasamy, Gobbi; Anthony, Josia; Chua, Seng Hoong; Manimaran, B.; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 130; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The needs for flexible manufacturing due to demand, supply, product, process, workforce, and equipment variability forces companies to transform their current manufacturing system into more lean production system or Big just in time (JIT). Three strategies, which denoted as M3A, Management Automation, Marketing Automation and Manufacturing Automation have to be jointly incorporated to confront the more competitive market. In addition, to answer to these needs, transparent factory, which is an open automation framework, based on internet technologies that provide seamless communication between plant floor and business system has been introduced by Schneider Electric. Despite the good work and technology introduced, the acceptance is only significant in USA, Europe and Africa. Hence, this paper is to look into the awareness of the transparent factory in South East Asia (SEA) in particular. Some important figures will be presented to appreciate the alertness level in this part of the world. A particular reference to oil & gas plant in Indonesia, which had the system implemented recently, and a waste treatment plant in Malaysia will be highlighted in this paper. Industrial Plants; Industrial Management; Automation; Internets 20050019319 NASA, Washington, DC, USA ASK Magazine, No. 20 Laufer, Alexander, Editor; Simmons, Jessica, Editor; November 2004; 47 pp.; In English; See also 20050019320-20050019328 Report No.(s): NASA/NP-2004-11-384-HQ; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy In this issue, ASK writers explore ways to maintain their balance in their field of Project Management, and even what happens when they don t. From his own experiences. Colby Africa learned that pushing too hard can take a personal toll, even though his project was a success in the end. He looked back and asked himself. At what personal cost? Sometimes one of the most simple - and the most human way - of keeping oneself grounded is not to lose your sense of humor. Ray Morgan s story about a test flight gone bad tells how the sound of their model crashing to the ground was followed by the test team s hysterical laughter. The story, you will see, is much deeper. But the message in the example? Sometimes for no fault of our own. things just don t go as planned. One way of dealing with it is to be able to laugh at ourselves. Of course. a setback itself is not to be taken lightly, but a leader capable of lightening the moment is more likely to set a positive tone for the try, try again. Staying optimistic is important for team morale. specifically when a project is dealt a huge downsizing blow. After his project was cut significantly, Tom Sutliff was able to show his team that all was not lost and to help them focus on the fact that they still had a job to do. He had to balance the new project requirements with the fact that his team had been committed to the original prcject and would be personally affected. He stood back, got a new perspective. and upheld the positivity needed to lead them effectively. Even when you keep your chin up and work to the best of your ability, things still go wrong. It s human nature. People train for years to make it to the Olympics and blow their shot during one crucial second in the spotlight. For Marty Davis, his crucial second was when the contractor dropped his 3,000 pound spacecraft. Rather than point the finger at those around him. Marty stood up like a true leader and acknowledged what he could do better if ever in this situation again. (revised) NASA Programs; Project Management; Management Methods 193

20050019320 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA A Glass Can Be Half Full: Even in Microgravity Sutliff, Thomas; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 6-9; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy When conducting physical science research in space, the smallest vibration or disturbance can disrupt sensitive experiments. Back in the 1990s we developed an instrument, the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) that flew on the shuttle to monitor the vibration environment - but it wasn t very flexible. It could only measure vibrations for three users and only at fixed frequency ranges, and it had to be disassembled after each two-week mission to be readied for reuse. Then the International Space Station came along. Our researchers needed a second-generation system, the SAMS-II, which would measure acceleration and vibrations for multiple payloads conducting experiments throughout the life of the station. Measurement requirements were all over the map with a variety of frequencies that needed measuring over a broad dynamic range, so it was essential to develop a robust system that would be flexible enough to accommodate all the particular users. We came up with a concept using the Space Station s Ethernet as the means to talk between multiple remote triaxial sensor systems and a remote controller box. Ultimately, our job was to acquire data within the existing constraints of the station and to quickly and effectively get that information to the scientists. In 1994 we had a $2.1-million budget and a four-year development schedule aimed at achieving these goals. Technical risks were few and primarily resulted from uncertainty of ISS capabilities. At that point, we didn t worry about a thing programmatically; our cup runneth over. Project Management; Spaceborne Experiments; Vibration Measurement 20050019321 Robbins-Gioia, Inc., Washington, DC, USA Warning: Projects May Be Closer than They Appear Africa, Colby; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 14-17; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy I had been working for two years as the technical product manager for a large software company, when their partner company gave me a call. They needed good software engineers to customize a new version of software, and they thought I was their guy. They told me what they wanted to do to the software, and they even showed me some prototypes. Their idea was to take the basic software tool that the large company was producing and make it more accessible to the customer. They would do this by building in flexibility based on user skill level and organizational maturity. I thought that was a fascinating approach, and I bought into it in a big way. I decided to leave my job and join up with the smaller company as their director of software engineering. Project Management; Software Engineering 20050019322 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA, USA A Collaboration on Collaboration Cobleigh, Brent; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 34-38; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy NASA s 2003-2004 Leadership Development Program class recognized that effective collaborations are often the key to achieving mission success. Personal connections and common goals were key elements of their work together and key findings of their collaboration benchmarking within the agency. Education; Leadership; Project Management 20050019323 Starsys Research Corp., Boulder, CO, USA The Morning Meeting Tibbitts, Scott; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 23-25; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy It was fourteen years ago and I remember it well. It seemed that the right hand didn t know what the left was doing. It was crazy. Starsys was only eight people and deadlines were being missed because someone didn t know what someone else needed. How could a handful of people be this disconnected? Maybe a daily meeting would help. Little did I know that we were initiating a process that would last for two decades. The idea was simple: a short, all-hands meeting once a day to 194

maintain the week s actions item list. Not too tough a challenge with eight folks, but quite a challenge as we grew to a 140-person company. Project Management; Personnel Management; Management Methods 20050019324 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Managing the Unexpected Davis, Marty; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 10-13; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy On September 5, 2003, my wife and I left to go on vacation. We planned to spend two weeks wandering around New York State seeing all the sights. When we left the house, I turned off my cell phone, but kept my pager on - in case anyone needed to get hold of me. We had a wonderful weekend. Then, bright and early on Monday morning, my pager went off. It was the Project Manager for one of our spacecraft. She had been trying to reach me on my cell phone since Saturday to tell me that the day after I left, Lockheed-Martin had dropped one of my spacecraft. You can go through your whole career and never have someone drop one of your spacecraft. I think that would have been nice. So, one of the first things I did when I got back, was to inquire whether I could retire retroactively to Friday, so it wouldn t have been on my watch. They just laughed that off. Then we got to work. Almost immediately, four investigation teams were formed - two by Lockheed-Martin and two by NASA. Each was tasked to investigate a different aspect of the accident. These aspects included not only finding out what happened, but also looking for systemic problems in the program, determining next steps, and assessing liability. Derived from text Project Management; Accident Investigation 20050019325 Klein Associates, Inc., Fairborn, OH, USA ASK Talks with Gary Klein Klein, Gary; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 39-42; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy Gary Klein, PH.D., is chief scientist of Klein Associates, Inc., a company he founded in 1978 to better understand how to improve decision making in individuals and teams. The company has 30 employees working on projects for both government and commercial clients. Dr. Klein is one of the founders of the field of naturalistic decision making. His work on recognitional decision making has been influential for the design of new systems and interfaces, and for the development of decision training programs. He has extended his work on decision making to describe problem detection, opinion generation, sense making, and planning. Decision Making; Cognition; Human Behavior 20050019326 Proctor and Gamble Co., Cincinnati, OH, USA Cleaning Out the Closet Cameron, W. Scott; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 18-21; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy I have noted during my career that there is a never ending amount of rules and restrictions forced upon project managers under the guise of helping them be succesful in managing their projects. It appears to be a one-way street, but few (if any) are removed. Project Management; Management Methods 20050019327 Morgan Aircraft and Consulting, USA Putting Patience to the Test Morgan, Ray; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 26-29; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy A project manager recounts his decisions before and during the aftermath of the crash of a full-size flying model of Quetzalcoatlus northropi. The unstable pterodactyl crashed without harming anyone, although it caused a local power outage. 195

The manager summarizes lessons learned about flight testing prototypes, including the effects of impatience. CASI Project Management; Prototypes; Flight Tests; Aerospace Safety; Decision Making 20050019328 Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp., Broomfield, CO, USA No Launch Before Its Time Townsend, Bill; ASK Magazine, No. 20; November 2004, pp. 30-33; In English; See also 20050019319; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy Aura is an Earth-observing satellite developed to help us study the quality of the air we breathe. It will look at the state of the ozone and the atmospheric composition in regards to the Earth s changing climate. I headed to California on July 5, 2004. The plan was that the satellite would launch on the tenth, but we had a few problems getting it off. This was the fifty-ninth launch of my career, and it was also a little different than most of my previous launches. Most of the time it s weather that postpones a launch; there aren t usually that many technical issues this late in the game. This time. however, we had several problems, equally split between the launch vehicle and the spacecraft. I remember a member of the crew asking me, Is this normal? And in my experience, it wasn t. Project Management; Spacecraft Launching; Prelaunch Problems 82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. For computer program documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software. 20050000011 Alaska Univ., Fairbanks, AK, USA Energy Information Clearinghouse Johnson, R.; Oct. 2003; In English Report No.(s): DE2004-822373; No Copyright; Avail: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Alaska has spent billions of dollars on various energy-related activities over the past several decades, with projects ranging from smaller utilities used to produce heat and power in rural Alaska to huge endeavors relating to exported resources. To help provide information for end users, utilities, decision makers, and the general public, the Institute of Northern Engineering at UAF established an Energy Information Clearinghouse accessible through the worldwide web in 2002. This clearinghouse contains information on energy resources, end use technologies, policies, related environmental issues, emerging technologies, efficiency, storage, demand side management, and developments in Alaska. NTIS Alaska; Information Dissemination 20050001284 Porto Univ., Portugal Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality Haider, Abrar; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 56; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources As manufacturing organizations are becoming technology intensive, asset management is becoming crucial for profitability and efficiency of the business. Ensuring asset reliability, maintenance and management is profoundly dependent on knowledge based decision support backed by quality information. Multiplicity of data acquisition systems and techniques, together with the operation of assets in often unsettled and variable environments, makes it difficult to obtain quality information that could be used to make informed choices. Asset maintenance and reliability are important activities that can considerably influence an organisation s ability to compete. This paper discusses the importance of data and information quality within asset management by analysing the intricacies of data quality and information flow within asset management systems and processes; and proposes frameworks for information quality and a model for an information driven, knowledge based asset management. Commerce; Information Management; Knowledge Based Systems; Management Information Systems; Organizations; Manufacturing 196

20050001286 Porto Univ., Portugal Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams Vanthienen, Jan; Mues, Christophe; Baesens, Bart; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 47; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources One of the key decision activities in financial institutions is to assess the credit-worthiness of an applicant for a loan, and thereupon decide whether or not to grant the loan. Many classification methods have been suggested in the credit-scoring literature to distinguish good payers from bad payers. Especially neural networks have received a lot of attention. However, a major drawback is their lack of transparency. While they can achieve a high predictive accuracy rate, the reasoning behind how they reach their decisions is not readily available, which hinders their acceptance by practitioners. Therefore, we have, in earlier work, proposed a two-step process to open the neural network black box which involves: (1) extracting rules from the network; (2) visualizing this rule set using an intuitive graphical representation. In this paper, we will focus on the second step and further investigate the use of two types of representations: decision tables and diagrams. The former are a well-known representation originally used as a programming technique. The latter are a generalization of decision trees taking on the form of a rooted, acyclic digraph instead of a tree, and have mainly been studied and applied by the hardware design community. We will compare both representations in terms of their ability to compactly represent the decision knowledge extracted from two real-life credit-scoring data sets. Classifications; Electronic Equipment; Neural Nets; Predictions; Decision Theory 20050001288 Porto Univ., Portugal An Efficient Framework For Iterative Time-Series Trend Mining Barker, Ken; Udechukwu, Ajumobi; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 59; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Trend analysis has applications in several domains including: stock market predictions, environmental trend analysis, sales analysis, etc. Temporal trend analysis is possible when the source data (either business or scientific) is collected with time stamps, or with time-related ordering. These time stamps (or orderings) are the core data points for time sequences, as they constitute time series or temporal data. Trends in these time series, when properly analyzed, lead to an understanding of the general behavior of the series so it is possible to more thoroughly understand dynamic behaviors found in data. This analysis provides a foundation for discovering pattern associations within the time series through mining. Furthermore, this foundation is necessary for the more insightful analysis that can only be achieved by comparing different time series found in the source data. Previous works on mining temporal trends attempt to efficiently discover patterns by optimizing discovery processes in a single pass over the data. Recent experience with data mining clearly indicates that the process is inherently iterative, with no guarantees that the best results are achieved in the first pass. Current iterative proposals introduce expensive re-computation after tuning the algorithm to address shortcomings discovered in the first heavy weight pass over the data. In fact, the same heavy weight process is then re-run on the data in the hope that new discoveries will be made on subsequent iterations. Unfortunately, this heavy weight re-execution and processing of the data is expensive. In this work we present a framework in which all the frequent trends in the time series are computed in a single pass, thus eliminating expensive re-computations in subsequent iterations. We also demonstrate that trend associations within the time series or with related time series can be found. Data Mining; Time Series Analysis; Trend Analysis; Trends 20050001289 Porto Univ., Portugal A Hybrid Decision Support Tool Pintetas, Panayotis; Kotsiantis, Sotiris; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 49; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In decision support systems a classification problem can be easily solved by employing one of several methods such as different types of artificial neural networks, decision trees, bayesian classifiers, etc. Moreover, it may happen that certain parts of instances space are better predicting by one method than the others. Thus, the decision of which particular method to choose is a complicated problem. A good alternative to choosing only one method is to create a hybrid forecasting system incorporating a number of possible solution methods as components (an ensemble of classifiers). For this purpose, we have implemented a hybrid decision support system that combines a neural net, a decision tree and a bayesian algorithm using a stacking variant methodology. The presented system can be trained with any data, but in the current implementation is mainly used by tutors of Hellenic Open University to identify drop-out prone students. However, a comparison with other ensembles 197

using the same classifiers as base learner on several standard benchmark data sets, showed that this tool gives better accuracy in most cases. Decision Support Systems; Decision Theory 20050001292 Porto Univ., Portugal Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes Drakopoulos, Iannis; Belsis, Petros; Gritzalis, Stefanos; Skourlas, Christos; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 79; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Due to its rapid growth, Information Systems Security becomes a new era of expertise, related to a vast quantity of knowledge. Exploiting all this knowledge becomes a difficult task, due to its heterogeneity. Knowledge Management (KM) on the other hand, becomes an expanding and promising discipline that has drawn considerable attention. In this paper we deploy our arguments about the benefits of KM techniques and their possible applications to assist security officers in improving their productivity and effectiveness. To prove this, we exploit possible technological prospects, and we present the architecture of a prototype developed to implement selected innovating KM components, embedding state-of-the-art multimedia java-based applications. Information Systems; Security; Management Methods; Java (Programming Language); Heterogeneity 20050001297 Porto Univ., Portugal Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization Abdelkafi, Nizar; Friedrich, Gerhard; Kreutler, Gerold; Blecker, Thorsten; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 53; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Large product variety in mass customization involves a high internal complexity level inside a company s operations, as well as a high external complexity level from a customer s perspective. To cope with both complexity problems, an information system based on agent technology is able to be identified as a suitable solution approach. The mass customized products are assumed to be based on a modular architecture and each module variant is associated with an autonomous rational agent. Agents have to compete with each other in order to join coalitions representing salable product variants which suit real customers requirements. The negotiation process is based on a market mechanism supported by the target costing concept and a Dutch auction. Furthermore, in order to integrate the multi-agent system in the existing information system landscape ot the mass customizer, a technical architecture is proposed and a scenario depicting the main communication steps is specified. Cost Estimates; Information Systems; Targets; Autonomy 20050001302 Porto Univ., Portugal Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge Castilho, Wagner; doprado, Hercules; Ladeira, Marcelo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 75; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) is the process by which unknown and useful knowledge and information are extracted, by automatic or semi-automatic methods, from large amounts of data. Along the evolution of Information Technology and the rapid growth in the number and size of databases, the development of methodologies, techniques, and tools for data mining has become a major concern for researchers, and has led, in turn, to the development of applications in variety of areas of human activity. About 1997, the processes and techniques associated with cluster analysis had begun to be researched with increasing intensity by the KDD community. Within the context of a model intended to support decisions based on cluster analysis, prior knowledge about the data structure and the application domain can be used as important constraints that lead to better results in the clusters configurations. This paper presents an application of cluster analysis in the area of public safety using a schema that takes into account the burden of prior knowledge acquired from statistical analysis on the data. Such an information was used as a bias for the k-means algorithm that was applied to identify the dactyloscopic (fingerprint) profile of criminals in the Brazilian capital, also known as Federal District. These results was then compared with a similar analysis that disregarded the prior knowledge. It is possible to observe that the analysis using prior knowledge generated clusters that are more coherent with the expert knowledge. Data Bases; Data Mining; Information Systems; Statistical Analysis 198

20050001310 Porto Univ., Portugal Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects Berlanga, Rafael; Danger, Roxana; Ruiz-Shulcloper, Jose; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 70; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Since their introduction in 1993, association rules have been successfully applied to the description and summarization of discovered relations between attributes in a large collection of objects. However, most of the research works in this area have focused on mining simple objects, usually represented as a set of binary variables. The proposed work presents a framework for mining complex objects, whose attributes can be of any data type (single and multi-valued). The mining process is guided by the semantics associated to each object feature, which is stated by users by providing both a comparison criterion and a similarity function over the object subdescriptions. Experimental results show the usefulness of the proposal. Data Mining; Data Retrieval; Information Retrieval 20050001311 Porto Univ., Portugal Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees Gallego, Olatz Arbelaitz; PerezdelaFuente, Jesus; Rivero, Javier Muguerza; Goikoetxea, Ibai Gurrutxaga; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 48; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents a new methodology for building decision trees or classification trees (Consolidated Trees Construction algorithm) that faces up the problem of unsteadiness appearing in the paradigm when small variations in the training set happen. As a consequence, the understanding of the made classification is not lost, making this technique different from techniques such as bagging and boosting where the explanatory feature of the classification disappears. The presented methodology consists on a new meta-algorithm for building structurally more steady and less complex trees (consolidated trees), so that they maintain the explaining capacity and they are faster, but, without losing the discriminating capacity. The meta-algorithm uses C4.5 as base classifier. Besides the meta-algorithm, we propose a measure of the structural diversity used to analyse the stability of the Structural component. This measure gives an estimation of the heterogeneity in a set of trees from the structural point of view. The obtained results have been compared with the ones get with C4.5 in some UCI Repository databases and a real application of customer fidelisation from a company of electrical appliances. Algorithms; Classifications; Decision Theory 20050001325 Porto Univ., Portugal Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem Ennigrou, Meriem; Ghedira, Khaled; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 54; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper proposes a Multi-agent approach based on a tabu search method for solving the flexible Job Shop scheduling problem. The characteristic of the latter problem is that one or several machines can process one operation so that its processing time depends on the machine used. Such a generalization of the classical problem makes it more and more difficult to solve. The objective is to minimize the makespan or the total duration of the schedule. The proposed model is composed of three classes of agents: Job agents and Resource agents which are responsible for the satisfaction of the constraints under their jurisdiction, and an Interface agent containing the tabu search core. Different experimentations have been performed on different benchmarks and results have been presented. Relativistic Effects; Schedules; Scheduling; Tasks 20050001332 Porto Univ., Portugal Ontology-Based Framework For Document Indexing Amghar, Youssef; Bahloul, D.; Maret, P.; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 51-52; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources The work presented in this paper addresses a project for the Computer Center CIRITL1. This company wants to save and capitalize its knowledge and its know-how concerning the production activities in the particular, the technical hitches relating to software applications encountered during the exploitation of these applications. Indeed with a well accessing documents base actors will be able to better solve problems. Our purpose is to focus on ontology-based framework for indexing relevant 199

documents. The domain ontology (OntoCIRTIL) has a structure which supports a semantic model based on semantic links and inference mechanisms. In this paper, we present a new model called S3 which, permits to model knowledge in upstream and index documents (or formalized knowledge) in downstream. To illustrate partial results, this model is then applied to OntoCIRTIL. Indexing (Information Science); Information Resources Management 20050001336 Porto Univ., Portugal An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness Conteras, Waldo Fajardo; Cuellar, Manuel Pagalar; Jimenez, M. Carmen Pegalajar; Ruiz, M. Angustias Navarro; Perez, Ramon Perez; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 67; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In this paper, we study and predict the indebtedness economic for the autonomic of Spain. In turn, we use model of neural network. In this study, we assess the feasibility of the Time-Delay neural network as an alternative to these classical forecasting models. This neural network permits accumulate more values of pass and to predict best the future. We show the assignment MSE to check the good forecasting of indebtedness economic. Forecasting; Neural Nets; Time Lag 20050001338 Porto Univ., Portugal Development Of Expert System For Detecting Incipient Faults In Transformer By Using Dissolved Gas Analysis Dhote, Nitin Keshao; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 68; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Power transformer is a vital component of power system, which has no substitute for its major role. They are quite expensive also. It is therefore, very important to closely monitor it s in-service behavior to avoid costly outages and loss of production. Many devices have evolved to monitor the serviceability of power transformers. These devices such as Buchholz relay or differential relay respond only to a severe power failure requiring immediate removal of transformer from service, in which case, outages are inevitable. Thus, preventive techniques for early detection of faults to avoid outages would be valuable. A prototype of an expert system based on Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) technique for diagnosis of suspected transformers faults and their maintenance action are developed. The synthetic method is proposed to assist the popular gas ratio methods. This expert system is implemented into PC by using Turbo Prolog with rule based knowledge representations. The designed expert system has been tested for N.T.P.C., Talcher (India) transformer s gas ratio records to show its effectiveness in transformer diagnosis. Detection; Expert Systems; Gas Analysis; Transformers 20050001349 Porto Univ., Portugal Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task Lind, Grete; Kuusik, Rein; Voehandu, Leo; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 62; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources One of the important tasks in solving data mining problems is finding frequent patterns in a given dataset. It allows to handle several tasks such as pattern mining, discovering association rules, clustering etc. There are several algorithms to solve this problem. In this paper we describe our task and results: a method for reordering a data matrix to give it a more informative form, problems of large datasets, (frequent) pattern finding task. Finally we show how to treat a data matrix as a graph, a pattern as a clique and pattern mining process as a clique extracting task. We present also a fast diclique extracting algorithm for pattern mining. Data Mining; Patterns; Data Retrieval; Information Retrieval 20050001355 Porto Univ., Portugal The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems Leelawattanon, Tanaporn; Chittayasothorn, Suphamit; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 79; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 200

At present information technology plays important roles in teaching and learning activities. E-learning systems have the potential to reduce operating costs and train more people. Teachers and students do not have to be in the same place at the same time and the students have the opportunity to perform self-studies and self-evaluation using e-tutorial systems. E-learning systems could be considered expert systems in the sense that they provide expert advice in particular subjects of studies to students. The exploitation of knowledge base and knowledge representation techniques is therefore vital to the development of e-learning systems. This paper presents the development of a knowledge-based e-tutorial system that uses the Object Role Model (ORM) as its knowledge representation. The system provides Physics tutorials. It was implemented in Prolog and the knowledge base is or, a relational database server. Knowledge Based Systems; Information Systems; Education; Expert Systems 20050001362 Porto Univ., Portugal Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems Ogiela, Marek; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 49; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This paper presents new approach for cognitive reasoning in the field of artificial intelligence, used in medical information systems. These systems are applied in various tasks supporting decisions taken in the wide area of Medical Imaging. Such systems, in particular Decision Support Systems can be based on the methods of perceptual cognitive analysis of visual medical data and are directed at offering possibilities of automatic interpretation and semantic understanding of this type of data. The paper shall present a general application method of DSS in selected cases of CR and MRI image meaning interpretation showing the development of disease processes. Artificial Intelligence; Decision Support Systems; Imaging Techniques; Information Systems; Diagnosis; Medicine 20050001365 Porto Univ., Portugal Decision Follow-Up Support Mechanism Based On Asynchronous Communication Prinz, Wolfgang; Valle, Carla; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 79; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Decision management and decision support systems are themes under investigation for several decades, and both research areas provided contributions for the quality of decision making processes. However, little work has been done in the area of decision follow-up, especially regarding decisions made during meetings. In this paper we analyse the concepts related to this problem and we propose a solution based on mechanisms supported by computer to assist the formalization of meeting outcomes, and to provide decision follow-up. Decision Making; Decision Support Systems; Management Systems 20050001366 Porto Univ., Portugal An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems Dias, Maria; Pacheco, Roberto; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 54; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources After an organization having solved its operational problems, the need of systems appears for the support to the decision taking. Data mining is an area that is growing quickly to assist such new needs of the organization. However, the use of data mining techniques is uncommon by the difficulty normally found in the development of knowledge discovery systems. This paper presents an environment of knowledge discovery in database, called ADesC. The main objective is to generate relevant information to decision taking, with the application of data mining techniques. This environment is based on agent technology to facilitate the performance of its tasks. Data Bases; Data Mining; Knowledge Based Systems; Decision Support Systems 20050001382 Porto Univ., Portugal Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework Bang, Jounghae; Dholakia, Nikhilesh; Hamel, Lutz; Dholakia, Ruby Roy; ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems; [2004], pp. 57-58; In English; See also 20050001281; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 201

This paper illustrates the linkages between CRM systems, data mining techniques, and the strategic notions of market segmentation and relationship marketing. Using the hypothetical example of a consumer bank, the data in a relationship based marketing environment are illustrated and guidelines for knowledge discovery, data management and strategic marketing are developed. Data Mining; Knowledge Bases (Artificial Intelligence) 20050009993 Porto Univ., Portugal Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises Ramamritham, Krithi; Sridhar V.; Kammanahalli, Harish; Gopalan, Srividya; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 167-168; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Providing the most relevant information at the most appropriate time at the most appropriate location helps in improving the overall enterprise productivity. Contextual information plays a role in achieving this objective. Richer and deeper the context is higher is the relevance and appropriateness. In this paper, we discuss the various aspects of a context and the ways and means of tracking the same so as to exploit the most recent and expectedly accurate description of the business situation in delivering the information to assist in collaboration. Further, we discuss the role of data and app grids in meeting the real-time delivery requirements. Information Dissemination; Information Transfer 20050010023 Porto Univ., Portugal Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library Primo, Tiago; Amaral, Leonardo; Simoes, Gabriel; Rodriques, Roberto; Borges, Thyago; Loh, Stanley; Lichtnow, Daniel; Saldana, Ramiro; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 151; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources This work presents a recommender system that analyzes textual messages sent during a communication session in a private Web chat, identifies the context of each message and recommends items from a Digital Library. Recommendations are directly made to users in the chat screen and are decided by a software system through a proactive paradigm, without any request of the users. A domain ontology, containing concepts and a controlled vocabulary, is used to identify subjects in textual messages and to automatically classify items of the Digital Library. Libraries; Digital Data; World Wide Web 20050010035 Porto Univ., Portugal Managing e-market Transaction Processes Debenham, John; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 132; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Knowledge-driven processes are business processes whose execution is determined by the prior knowledge of the agents involved and by the knowledge that emerges during a process instance. They are characteristic of emergent business processes. The amount of process knowledge that is relevant to a knowledge-driven process can be enormous and may include common sense knowledge. If a process knowledge can not be represented feasibly then that process can not be managed; although its execution may be partially supported. In an e-market domain, the majority of transactions, including requests for advice and information, are knowledge-driven processes for which the knowledge base is the Internet, and so representing the knowledge is not an issue. These processes are managed by a multiagent system that manages the extraction of knowledge from this base using a suite of data mining bots. Knowledge; Information Management; Electronic Commerce 20050010084 General Services Administration, Washington, DC, USA Business Continuity: It s Not Just an IT Recovery Plan. Intergovernmental and Enterprise Approaches Jul. 2004; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101211; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy The objective of this report is to identify and publicize some of the experiences and best practices of government 202

managers in business continuity planning. The report highlights Federal, State, and local government initiatives, research culled from numerous studies and trade publications, and award and best practice programs that recognize business continuity practices. The report also analyzes lessons learned from events such as Y2K, 9-11, and the Northeastern Blackout and Hurricane Isabel. This report is not intended as a how-to guide that covers the basics of business continuity planning. Rather, it seeks to fill the gaps that the Intergovernmental Advisory Board (IAB) has identified in government business continuity programs. Business Continuity is viewed by some as simply an IT exercise. But for successful planning and execution, the business process owners, i.e. the people that provide the services, need to drive the process. As part of a business-driven approach, there needs to be an understanding of the interrelationship of the government s business processes with those of other governments and the private sector. Also, strategies need to account for the potential loss of critical infrastructure. NTIS Management Planning; Governments; Commerce 20050010108 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA, USA, Los Alamos National Lab., NM Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval Barros, J.; French, J.; Martin, W.; Kelly, P.; White, J. M.; Oct. 1994; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101671; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy This paper discusses our view of image databases, content-based retrieval, and our experiences with an experimental system. We present a methodology in which efficient representation and indexing are the basis for retrieval of images by content as well as associated external information. In the example system images are indexed and accessed based on properties of the individual regions in the image. Regions in each image are indexed by their spectral characteristics, as well as by their shape descriptors and position information. The goal of the system is to reduce the number of images that need to be inspected by a user by quickly excluding substantial parts of the database. The system avoids exhaustive searching through the image database when a query is submitted. NTIS Data Bases; Image Analysis 20050010109 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA, USA, Los Alamos National Lab., NM Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases Barros, J.; French, J.; Martin, W.; Kelly, P.; 2003; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101670; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Image databases typically manage feature data that can be viewed as points in a feature space. Some features, however, can be better expressed as a collection of points or described by a probability distribution function (PDF) rather than as a single point. In earlier work we introduced a similarity measure and a method for indexing and searching the PDF descriptions of these items that guarantees an answer equivalent to sequential search. Unfortunately, certain properties of the data can restrict the efficiency of that method. In this paper we extend that work and examine trade-offs between efficiency and answer quality or effectiveness. These trade-offs reduce the amount of work required during a search by reducing the number of undesired items fetched without excluding an excessive number of the desired ones. NTIS Data Bases; Image Analysis; Distribution Functions 20050010110 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA, USA, Los Alamos National Lab., NM System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval Barros, J.; French, J.; Martin, W.; Kelly, P.; 2003; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2005-101669; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Current feature-based image databases can typically perform efficient and effective searches on scalar feature information. However, many important features, such as graphs, histograms, and probability density functions, have more complex structure. Mechanisms to manipulate complex feature data are not currently well understood and must be further developed. The work we discuss in this paper explores techniques for the exploitation of spectral distribution information in a feature-based image database. A six band image was segmented into regions and spectral information for each region was maintained. A similarity measure for the spectral information is proposed and experiments are conducted to test its effectiveness. The objective of our current work is to determine if these techniques are effective and efficient at managing this type of image feature data. NTIS Data Bases; Probability Density Functions; Satellite Imagery 203

20050010212 CHEAr/DPAr Sevres, France L Armement-Recherche civile, Recherche de defense (Armament-Civil and Defense Research) Dec. 2001; 167 pp.; In German; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427691; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A08, Hardcopy This issue of L Armement discusses new directions in civil and defense research. Following the end of the Cold War, pressure on defense budgets had a disproportionate impact on basic research. To compensate for reduced funding, research was closely targets to defense requirements. The General Delegation for ammarnents (Delegation Generale pour l Armernent) established research priorities based on Frances s and Europe s projected technology needs in 2012. This planning resulting in a 10 percent increase in the defense research budget for 2003-2008. Individual articles discuss the role of various research centers and address such specialized topics as structurral materials, body armor, meteorological science, information technology, and underwater acoustic communications. Civil Defense; Military Technology; Research and Development 20050010223 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization Trigui, Noureddine, ; Sep. 2004; 149 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427716; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The purpose of this research is to define a centralized database containing all necessary information related to daily management in an industrial and commercial organization that is publicly owned and equipped with civil personality and financial autonomy. The system is composed of the following subsystems: Human Resource Management, Provisioning; and Financial, Budgetary, and Accounting Management. The three subsystems should be installed in a central site and at regional sites. Each site will have its own database. The central database will be supplied with the data, which come from the other sites at the end of the day or according to need via modems. It is necessary to develop a tool for remote database queries to accomplish this work. The platform on which the application must be executed is IBM-INFORMIX running on top of the WINDOWS operating system. The database will be a relational database. The framework used in the design and modeling consists of the following: Object Oriented Analysis (OOA), which enables the development of high quality software by defining the problem structure; and the Delphi language, which provides a robust development environment. The installation of the solution will be executed according to the following scenario: Client/Server architecture with the object-oriented development tool DELPHI, the database will be installed on the central and regional servers, the application will be installed on the end users stations, and data access will be through an open ODBC. This software presents an integrated solution that will provide centralized and accurate data, so that data can be used to derive the right decision at the best time. (7 tables, 15 figures, 14 refs.) Computer Programming; Data Bases; Design Analysis; Industrial Management; Information Management; Management Information Systems; Organizations; Relational Data Bases; Software Engineering; Systems Integration 20050010252 Naval Submarine Medical Research Lab., Groton, CT USA Submarine Information Organization and Prioritization and Submarine Officer of the Deck Experience Shobe, Katharine K., ; Carr, Walter, ; Jul. 2004; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427810; NSMRL-1234; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () To determine how sonar and other information is organized and prioritized by the Submarine Officer of the Deck (OOD), for the purposes of augmenting our understanding of submarine expertise, for making recommendations for information displays of submarine systems, and for training submarine officers. Information Systems 20050010336 Lawson (Harding) Associates, Denver, CO USA Phase I Environmental Investigation Report, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Marion County, Indiana, Volume 2. Revised Sep. 1995; 1195 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAA15-91-D-0013 Report No.(s): AD-A427977; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A99, Hardcopy 204

This appendix describes and presents the results of an evaluation of Fort Benjamin Harrison (FBH) analytical data quality based on data validation of the analytical results, the U.S. Army Environmental Center s (USAEC s) review of the control charts produced by the analytical laboratories, and a summary of the precision, accuracy, representativeness, completeness, and comparability (PARCO) parameters. This evaluation was used to assess whether the data quality objectives (DQOs) established for the FBH Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Facility Investigation and Environmental Investigation (RF/EI) Work Plan (HLA, 1993b) were satisfied. During the Phase I FBH field investigation, six sites were classified as El Sites (El Sites 1 through 5). All remaining sites were investigated as RFI Sites. For this discussion of data validation and data quality, the acronym El refers to El Sites 1 through 6. REl refers to the remaining sites investigated during the Phase I field program. Detailed data validation with subsequent qualification of analytical results was performed on the background and site analytical results with the exception of analytical results for El Sites 1 through 6. However, it is assumed that the findings of HLA s detailed validation can be applied in general terms to the El Sites 1 through 6 data which represents only 12.3 percent of the FBH analytical data. In addition, the USAEC s control chart review includes both RFI and El data. Therefore, the data quality assessment discussed in this appendix relates to the FBH analytical data as a whole. Data Management; Environment Protection; Geomorphology; Geophysics; Indiana 20050010385 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Upgrading an Office Automation Environment: The Army s DCSPER Automation Project Shukiar, Herbert J., ; Gates, Roy 0., ; Kaplan, Richard J., ; Jan. 1992; 52 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA903-91-C-0006 Report No.(s): AD-A428179; RAND-N-3517-A; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy The DCSPER Automation Project, a special assistance project conducted from January to May 1991, was chartered to evaluate the current1 Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel (ODCSPER) computing environment, particularly in terms of its support of ODOSPER office automation, and recommend office automation enhancements. The project was asked to complete its evaluation and brief results within a time frame of four months. To complete the project within the stipulated time frame, the project developed a questionnaire that all ODOSPER staff were asked to complete. Development was based on extensive discussions with ODCSPER s Information Management Organization (IMO) and Plans, Analysis, and Evaluation directorate (DAPE-ZXP), conducted early in the project s life cycle. The questionnaire was sent to 329 people, and 174 responses (53 percent) were received. This Note, the project s final report, presents questionnaire results and recommendations. It also discusses organizational issues associated with the recommendations. Offıce Automation 20050010398 Gdansk Technical Univ., Poland Conference on Information Technology (2nd)/Special Session on Homeland Security, Volume 5 Aug. 2004; 387 pp.; In Polish Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-04-1-5047 Report No.(s): AD-A428220; EOARD-CSP-04-5047; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A17, Hardcopy This report contains the Final Proceedings for 2nd Conference on Information Technology/ Special Session on Homeland Security, 16-is May 2004. Topics includes: Formal methods in information engineering, Electronic documents and digital libraries Autonomous robots in embeded systems, Mobile and portable information systems, Design and implementation of methodologies and technologies for information based products, Dependability and security of information processing systems, Development of IT infrastructure and Special English Session on Homeland Security. Computer Information Security; Conferences; Information Systems; Security 84 LAW, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND SPACE POLICY Includes aviation law; space law and policy; international law; international cooperation; and patent policy. 20050010027 Porto Univ., Portugal Jurisdiction in B2C E-Commerce Redress Ong, Chin Eang; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 130; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources 205

E-commerce jurisdiction has always been an issue because e-commerce exists in a borderless environment and this environment diminishes the importance of physical location and locality. This imposes a great concern over which country s jurisdiction to engage when disputes occur between business and consumer in the e-environment. This is crucial when the consumer is seeking redress as there is always the question as to where a court action should be brought in? The current jurisdictions by the European Commission (EC) within the European Union (EU), The E-commerce Directive - Country of Origin and Rome II are still in the drafting process. These legislations are not the total solution. This paper discusses the issue of current jurisdiction, whether there is a need to call for a single jurisdiction and what complications arise when seeking redress in this borderless e-environment. This paper also raises important issues that relate to the gaps and loopholes that exist in Country of Origin and Rome II. Electronic Commerce; Policies; International Cooperation; Law (Jurisprudence) 89 ASTRONOMY Includes observations of celestial bodies; astronomical instruments and techniques; radio, gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared astronomy; and astrometry. 20050000035 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry Swift, Wesley R.; Suggs, Robert M.; Cooke, William J.; October 13, 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Meteorids 2004 Conference, 16-20 Aug. 2004, London, Ontario, Canada Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS8-00187; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Meteor44 is a software system developed at MSFC for the calibration and analysis of video meteor data. The dynamic range of the (8bit) video data is extended by approximately 4 magnitudes for both meteors and stellar images using saturation compensation. Camera and lens specific saturation compensation coefficients are derived from artificial variable star laboratory measurements. Saturation compensation significantly increases the number of meteors with measured intensity and improves the estimation of meteoroid mass distribution. Astrometry is automated to determine each image s plate coefficient using appropriate star catalogs. The images are simultaneously intensity calibrated from the contained stars to determine the photon sensitivity and the saturation level referenced above the atmosphere. The camera s spectral response is used to compensate for stellar color index and typical meteor spectra in order to report meteor light curves in traditional visual magnitude units. Recent efforts include improved camera calibration procedures, long focal length streak meteor photome&y and two-station track determination. Meteor44 has been used to analyze data from the 2001.2002 and 2003 MSFC Leonid observational campaigns as well as several lesser showers. The software is interactive and can be demonstrated using data from recent Leonid campaigns. Video Data; Photometry; Meteoroids; Calibrating; Dynamic Range; Cameras 20050000040 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 Ghosh, Kajal K.; Swartz, Douglas A.; Tennant, Allyn F.; Wu, Kinwah; Saripalli, Lakshmi; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The E3 giant elliptical galaxy NGC-5018 was observed with the cxo X-ray Observatory s Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer for 30-h on 14 April 2001. Results of analysis of these X-ray data as well as of complementary optical, infrared, and radio data are reported. Seven X-ray point sources, including the nucleus, were detected. If they are intrinsic to NGC-5018, then all six non-nuclear sources have luminosities exceeding 10(exp 39)-ergl in the 0.5-8.0-keV energy band; placing them in the class of Ultra- luminous X-ray sources. Comparison of X-ray source positions to archival Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (hst/wfpc2) images reveal four of the six non-nuclear sources are spatially-- coincident with bright, M$(sub V)LA -8.6 mag, objects. These four objects have optical magnitudes and (V-I) colors consistent with globular clusters in NGC-5018. However, one of these objects was observed to vary by siml mag in both V and I between observations taken 28 July 1997 and 04 Feb 1999 indicating this source is a background active galactic nucleus (AGN). The nature of the other three optically-bright objects cannot be determined from the available optical data but all have X-ray-to-optical flux ratios consistent with background AGNs. Strong, unpolarized, radio emission has been detected from another of the optically-bright counterparts. It displays an inverted radio spectrum and is the most absorbed of the seven 206

sources in the X-ray band. It, too, is most readily explained as a background AGN, though alternative explanations cannot be ruled out. Extended X-ray emission is detected within a siml5 arcsec radius of the galaxy center at a luminosity of sim lo(exp 40)-ergl in the X-ray band. Its thermal X-ray spectrum (kt sim0.4-kev) and its spatial coincidence with strong H(alpha) emission are consistent with a hot gas origin. The nucleus itself is a weak X-ray source, LA-5 times 10(exp 39)-ergl, but displays a radio spectrum typical of AGN. Active Galactic Nuclei; X Ray Sources; Galaxies; Hubble Space Telescope; Imaging Spectrometers; Infrared Radiation 20050009884 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., MA, USA Soft X-ray Absorption Edges in LMXBs June 30, 2004; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-13360 Report No.(s): MIT-6894752; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The XMM observation of LMC X-2 is part of our program to study X-ray absorption in the interstellar medium (ISM). This program includes a variety of bright X-ray binaries in the Galaxy as well as the Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC). LMC X-2 is located near the heart of the LMC. Its very soft X-ray spectrum is used to determine abundance and ionization fractions of neutral and lowly ionized oxygen of the ISM in the LMC. The RGS spectrum so far allowed us to determine the O-edge value to be for atomic O, the EW of O-I in the ls-2p resonance absorption line, and the same for O-II. The current study is still ongoing in conjunction with other low absorption sources like Sco X-1 and the recently observed X-ray binary 4U 1957+11. X Ray Absorption; Interstellar Matter; X Ray Binaries; Magellanic Clouds; Ionized Gases 20050009892 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra Wachter, Stefanie; Patel, Sandeep K.; Kouveliotou, Chryssa; Bouchet, Patrice; Ozel, Feryal; Tennant, Allyn F.; Woods, Peter M.; Hurley, Kevin; Becker, Werner; Slane, Patrick, et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; November 10, 2004; Volume 615, pp. 887-896; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS5-24555; SAO-GO1-2066X; NAG5-11608; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources We present precise localizations of AXP 1E184-045 and SGR 1627-41 with Chandra. We obtained new infrared observations of SGR 1627-41 and reanalyzed archival observations of AXP 1E1841-045 in order to refine their positions and search for infrared counterparts. A faint source is detected inside the error circle of AXP 1E1841-045. In the case of SGR 1627-41, several sources are located within the error radius of the X-ray position, and we discuss the likelihood of one of them being the counterpart. We compare the properties of our candidates to those of other known anomalous X-ray pulsar (AXP) and soft gamma repeater (SGR) counterparts. We find that the counterpart candidates for SGR 1627-41 and SGR 1806-20 would have to be intrinsically much brighter than AXPs in order to have counterparts detectable with the observational limits currently available for these sources. To confirm the reported counterpart of SGR 1806-20, we obtained new infrared observations during the 2003 July burst activation of the source. No brightening of the suggested counterpart is detected, implying that the counterpart of SGR 1806-20 remains yet to be identified. Infrared Astronomy; Infrared Radiation; Brightness; Repeaters; Gamma Ray Bursts 20050009893 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) Becker, Werner; Weisskopf, Martin C.; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Lorimer, Duncan; Camilo, Fernando; Elsner, Ronald F.; Kanbach, Gottfried; Reimer, Olaf; Swartz, Douglas A.; Tennant, Allyn F., et al.; The Astrophysical Journal; November 10, 2004; Volume 615, pp. 897-907; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NRA-99-01-LTSA-070; NSF AST-02-05853; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources In search of the counterpart to the brightest unidentified gamma-ray source, 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2), we report on new X-ray and radio observations of the gamma Cygni field with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and with the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). We also report on reanalysis of archival ROSAT data. With Chandra it became possible for the first time 207

to measure the position of the putative gamma-ray counterpart, RX J2020.2+4026, with subarcsecond accuracy and to deduce its X-ray spectral characteristics. These observations demonstrate that RX J2020.2+4026 is associated with akfieldstarand therefore is unlikely to be the counterpart of the bright gamma-ray source 2CG 078+2 in the SNR G78.2+2.1 as had been previously suggested. The Chandra observation detected 37 additional X-ray sources, which were correlated with catalogs of optical and infrared data. Subsequent GBT radio observations covered the complete 99% EGRET likelihood contour of 3EG J2020+4017 with a sensitivity limit of L(sub 820) approximately 0.1 mjy kpc(exp 2), which is lower than most of the recent deep radio search limits. If there is a pulsar operating in 3EG J2020+40 17, this sensitivity limit suggests that either the pulsar does not produce significant amounts of radio emission or that its geometry is such that the radio beam does not intersect with the line of sight. Finally, reanalysis of archival ROSAT data leads to a flux upper limit of fx(0.1-2.4 kev) less than 1.8 x 10(exp -13) ergs s(exp -1) cm(exp -2) for a putative pointlike X-ray source located within the 68% confidence contour of 3EG J2020+4017. Adopting the supernova remnant age of 5400 yr and assuming a spin-down to X-ray energy conversion factor of 10(exp 14), this upper limit constrains the parameters of a putative neutron star as a counterpart for 3EG J2020+4017 to be P is approximately greater than 160 (d 1.5 kpc)(exp -1) ms, P is approximately greater than 5 x 10(exp -13) ((d 1.5 kpc)(exp -1)) s s(exp -1), and B (perpendicular) is approximately greater than 9 x 10(exp l2) )(d 1.5 kpc)(exp -1)) G. Cygnus Constellation; Gamma Rays; Pulsars; Radio Emission; Supernova Remnants; X Ray Sources; A Stars; Neutron Stars 20050009911 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico; Granot, Jonathan; Kouveliotou, Chryssa; Woosley, S. E.; Patel, Sandy K.; Mazzali, Paolo A.; [December 2004]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The low luminosity radio emission of the unusually faint GRB 031203 has been argued to support the idea of a class of intrinsically sub-energetic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), currently comprising two members. While low energy GRBs probably exist, we show that the collective prompt and multiwavelength observations of the afterglow of GRB 031203, do not necessarily require a sub-energetic nature for that event. In fact, the data are more consistent with a typical, powerful GRB seen at an angle of about twice the opening angle of the central jet. The (redshift corrected) peak energy, E(sub p), of GRB 031203 then becomes approximately 2 MeV, similar to many other GRBs. Gamma Ray Bursts; Radio Emission; Stellar Models 20050009952 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA The STARDUST Discovery Mission: Data from the Encounter with Comet Wild 2 and the Expected Sample Return Sandford, Scott A.; September 16, 2004; 1 pp.; In English; UCLA, Astronomy Department Seminar, 6 Oct. 2004, Los Angeles, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 624-08-01; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only On January 2,2004, the STARDUST spacecraft made the closest ever flyby (236 km) of the nucleus of a comet - Comet Wild 2. During the fly by the spacecraft collected samples of dust from the coma of the comet. These samples will be returned to Earth on January 15,2006. After a brief preliminary examination to establish the nature of the returned samples, they will be made available to the general scientific community for study. In addition to its aerogel dust collector, the STARDUST spacecraft was also equipped with instruments that made in situ measurements of the comet during the flyby. These included several dust impact monitors, a mass spectrometer, and a camera. The spacecraft s communication system was also used to place dynamical constraints on the mass of the nucleus and the number of impacts the spacecraft had with large particles. The data taken by these instruments indicate that the spacecraft successfully captured coma samples. These instruments, particularly the camera, also demonstrated that Wild 2 is unlike any other object in the Solar System previously visited by a spacecraft. During my talk I will discuss the scientific goals of the STARDUST mission and provide an overview of its design and flight to date. I will then end with a description of the exciting data returned by the spacecraft during the recent encounter with Wild 2 and discuss what these data tell us about the nature of comets. It will probably come as no surprise that the encounter data raise as many (or more) new questions as they answer old ones. Stardust Mission; Wild 2 Comet; Flyby Missions; Sample Return Missions 208

20050009955 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant Roellig, T. L.; Onaka, T.; October 11, 2004; 1 pp.; In English; 205th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, 9-13 Jan. 2005, San Diego, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS2-1407; WBS 21-456-06-1R; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Infrared Spectrograph on the Spitzer Space Telescope was used for observations of the Kepler supernova remnant, with all four instrument modules targeted on the bright infrared knot located at 17h30m35.80s,-21d28m54.0s (J2000). The low spectral resolution modules data show a dust continuum spectrum consistent with dust grains heated by high-energy electrons, while the high resolution modules data show atomic emission line ratios consistent with excitation by a high velocity shock of greater than 100 kilometers per second and electron densities of approximately 1,000 per centimeter. The abundance ratios for the six detected elements show signs of heavy-element enhancement. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. Support for this work was provided by NASA s Office of Space Science. Space Infrared Telescope Facility; Supernova Remnants; Kepler Laws; Spectroscopy 20050010244 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Time and Frequency Activities at the U.S. Naval Observatory Matsakis, Demetrios, ; Sep. 2004; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427786; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The U. S. Naval Observatory (USNO) has provided timing for the Navy and the Department of Defense since 1830 and, in cooperation with other institutions, has also provided timing for the USA and the international community. Its Master Clock is the source of UTC (USNO), which has stayed within 5 ns of UTC in the past year, with an RMS deviation of 3 ns. The data used to generate UTC (USNO) are based upon 73 HP5071 cesium and 18 hydrogen maser frequency standards in three buildings at two sites. The USNO disseminates time via voice, telephone modem, LORAN, Network Time Protocol, GPS, and Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer. The USNO would not be able to meet all the requirements of its users had it kept to the same technology it had 10 years ago; this paper will describe some of the changes being made to meet the anticipated needs of our users. While we aim to increase our accuracy and precision, we deem it equally important to bring about robustness, and we recommend this for our users as well. Astronomical Observatories; Frequencies; Observatories 20050010275 Johns Hopkins Univ., Laurel, MD USA The APL Time And Frequency Lab Dragonette, R. A., ; Miranian, M., ; Reinhart, M. J., ; Sep. 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A427840; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center () The APL Time and Frequency Laboratory supports a wide variety of current and upcoming NASA missions that span the solar system from the study of the Sun s coronal mass ejections to the examination of the planet Pluto and the Kuiper Belt objects. This support can be in the form of providing precise time and frequency to the integration and testing of new hardware or the time-stamping of ground-receipt telemetry packets from various spacecraft. The Lab s ensemble of three cesium standards and one hydrogen maser will soon be expanded with the procurement of two additional hydrogen masers. Also, a new frequency stability measurement system is capable of making up to once-per-second picosecond level phase measurements at 5 MHz from each clock in the ensemble. Traceability to USNO, NIST, and BIPM is maintained via GPS common-view time transfer and will provide a means for incorporating the Lab s clocks into the computation of TAI. Frequencies; Solar Corona; Solar System 209

90 ASTROPHYSICS Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust. 20050000124 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA, USA High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM Mushotzky, Richard, Technical Monitor; Nicastro, Fabrizio; December 2004; 2 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04GD83G; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy This grant is associated to a successful XMM-A02 proposal to observe blazars in outburst states, to X-ray the intergalactic medium, searching for intervening ionized absorption. The observation was triggered on August 31 2003, on the blazar 1H 0414+009 (2=0.287), when the target was showing a level of activity of about 20 mcrab in the total XTE-ASM band. The observation was performed 1 day later (on September 1, 2003) and lasted for 79 ks (79 % of the requested time). Unfortunately, assuming that the XTE-ASM notification was real, the target had recovered his quiescent level of approx. 0.35 mcrab, when the XMM RGS observed it. This, combined with the lower-than-requested exposure, produced an XMM-RGS spectrum containing only - 40 counts per resolution element in the 24.1 less than lambda(a) less than 30 range, insufficient to detect even the strongest predicted lines from the OVII WHIM. However, we do detect the Local Group WHIM OVII system in the spectrum of this blazar. Derived from text Blazars; Active Galactic Nuclei; Absorption Spectra; Absorption Spectroscopy 20050009883 Ohio Univ., Athens, OH, USA Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A Boettcher, M.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04GB13G; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy The radio-selected BL Lac object 3C66A was the target of an intensive multiwavelength campaign from Sept. 2003 through Feb. 2004. It was monitored by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) collaboration, in tandem with 20 X-ray monitoring observations by the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), VHE gamma-ray observations by STACEE and VERITAS, and long-term monitoring at radio frequencies. In addition. 9 observations using the VLBA are being carried out during the campaign and throughout the year 2004 to follow possible structural changes of the source. 21 pointings with RXTE during the period Sept. 15 - Dec. 27, 2003. All collected data have been fully analyzed, and first results have already been published at the 8th HEAD Meeting in New Orleans, LA, in Sept. 2004, and will also be presented at the 205th AAS Meeting in San Diego, CA, in Jan. 2005. A first Journal paper, to be submitted to the Astrophysical Journal, is currently in preparation, and we plan to have it ready for submission in January 2005. A gradual brightening of the source over the course of the campaign was observed at all optical frequencies, culminating in a very bright flare at the end of January 2004. Optical light curves indicate intraday microvariability on time scales down to about 1.3 hours. No significant color-magnitude correlation for the entire data set was evident, but there is a slight indication of a gradual spectral softening in the optical over the entire duration of multi-day outbursts (in both the rising and decaying phase). The X-ray spectrum is consistent with a power-law with a photon spectral index of approx. 2.1, indicating that the RXTE energy band might be located right at the intersection of the synchrotron and the high-energy emission components. No significant flux or spectral variability at X-ray energies was detected, though there seems to be a trend of very modest brightening in tandem with the optical flux. The first 4 VLBA epochs indicate a rather smooth jet with only very moderate internal structure. After decomposition in Gaussian components, evidence for superluminal motion (11.0+/-4.7/h c) was found in only one out of 6 jet components. The radial radio brightness profile suggests a magnetic field decay infinity/r and, thus, a predominantly perpendicular magnetic field orientation. Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA); Synchrotron Radiation; Gamma Rays; X Ray Timing Explorer; Light (Visible Radiation); Magnetic Fields 20050009885 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA, USA Spectral Monitoring of NGC 1365: Nucleus and Variable ULX Mushotzky, Richard, Technical Monitor; Fabbiano, G.; December 2004; 2 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04GF97G; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy A letter has been submitted to ApJ, and is in the final stages of revision on the spectral variability of the nuclear source. We presented multiple Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1365, which shows the most 210

dramatic X-ray spectral changes observed so far in an AGN: the source switched from reflection dominated to Compton- thin and back in just 6 weeks. During this time the soft thermal component, arising from a 1-kpc region around the center, remained constant. The reflection component is constant at all timescales, and its flux is a fraction of 5% or higher of the direct 2-10 kev emission, implying the presence of thick gas covering a big fraction of the solid angle. The presence of this gas, and the hst variability time scale, suggest that the Compton-thick to Compton thin change is due to variation in the line-of-sight absorber, rather than to extreme intrinsic emission variability. We discuss a structure of the circumnuclear absorbed reflector which can explain the observed X-ray spectral and temporal properties. But these important results come only from scratching the surface of the data, since we did not need any detailed spectral analysis to distinguish between the Compton thick and Compton thin states of the source, the difference in both spectral shape and flux being huge. Derived from text Monitors; Seyfert Galaxies; Spectrum Analysis 20050009895 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks Nishikawa, K.-L.; Hardee, P.; Richardson, G.; Preece, R.; Sol, H.; Fishman, G. J.; [2004]; 2 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Shock acceleration is an ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysical plasmas. Plasma waves and their associated instabilities (e.g., Buneman, Weibel and other two-stream instabilities) created in collisionless shocks are responsible for particle (electron, positron, and ion) acceleration. Using a 3-D relativistic electromagnetic particle (REMP) code, we have investigated particle acceleration associated with a relativistic electron-positron jet front propagating into an ambient electron-positron plasma with and without initial magnetic fields. We find small differences in the results for no ambient and modest ambient magnetic fields. Simulations show that the Weibel instability created in the collisionless shock front accelerates jet and ambient particles both perpendicular and parallel to the jet propagation direction. The non-linear fluctuation amplitudes of densities, currents, electric, and magnetic fields in the electron-positron shock are larger than those found in the electron-ion shock studied in a previous paper at the comparable simulation time. This comes from the fact that both electrons and positrons contribute to generation of the Weibel instability. Additionally, we have performed simulations with different electron skin depths. We find that growth times scale inversely with the plasma frequency, and the sizes of structures created by the Weibel instability scale proportional to the electron skin depth. This is the expected result and indicates that the simulations have sufficient grid resolution. While some Fermi acceleration may occur at the jet front, the majority of electron and positron acceleration takes place behind the jet front and cannot be characterized as Fermi acceleration. The simulation results show that the Weibel instability is responsible for generating and amplifying nonuniform: small-scale magnetic fields which contribute to the electron s (positron s) transverse deflection behind the jet head. This small scale magnetic field structure is appropriate to the generation of jitter radiation from deflected electrons (positrons) as opposed to synchrotron radiation. The jitter radiation has different properties than synchrotron radiation calculated assuming a a uniform magnetic field. The jitter radiation resulting from small scale magnetic field structures may be important for understanding the complex time structure and spectral evolution observed in gamma-ray bursts or other astrophysical sources containing relativistic jets and relativistic collisionless shocks. Weibel Instability; Relativistic Particles; Shock Fronts; Electron-Positron Plasmas; Particle Acceleration; Astrophysics; Magnetic Field Configurations; Plasma Jets 20050009912 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches Gallagher, D. L.; Adrian, M. L.; Liemohn, M.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Deep plasmaspheric notches can extend over more than 2 RE in radial distance and 3 hours MLT in the magnetic equatorial plane. They appear to be among the largest evacuated features in the exterior plasmaspheric boundary. They can last for days and exhibit varying structure. It appears that low-density channels resulting from the entrainment of the plasmaspheric convection plume during storm-time recovery share the same origin as notches. Notches rather than channels result from differences in storm- time conditions. Strong convection tends to result in low-density channels, while weaker convection and limited erosion results in notches. Eighteen events in 2000 have been analyzed. Among these events, notches were found to drift as slowly as 72% of corotation. In only one case was a notch found to drift at the corotation rate within measurement error. On average, notches drift at about 2 1.5 hours per day or 90% of the co-rotational rate. Notches also sometimes exhibit an interior structure that appears as an extended prominence of dense plasma, which forms a W-like feature in IMAGEEUV images when viewed from Earth-center. Modeling suggests such features may be caused by small-scale 211

potential structures that result from the localized injection of ring current plasma. Plasma filling rates during recovery and drainage during a minor storm are reported. Dense Plasmas; Drift Rate; Plasmasphere; Ring Currents 20050009925 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer Allamandola, L. J.; Hudgins, D. M.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only PAH spectral features are now being used as new probes of the ISM. PAH ionization states reflect the ionization balance of the medium while PAH size and structure reflect the energetic and chemical history of the medium. This paper will focus on recent applications of the NASA Ames PAH IR spectral Database to interpret astronomical observations made by the Spitzer Space telescope and other space based infrared instruments. Examples will be given showing how changes in the spectral characteristics of different objects reveal interstellar PAH characteristics such as structure, size and composition, as well as provide insight into the chemical history and physical nature of the emission zones. Astrophysics; Infrared Radiation; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Space Infrared Telescope Facility 20050010072 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data Bonamente, Massimillano; Joy, Marshall K.; Carlstrom, John E.; Reese, Erik D.; LaRoque, Samuel J.; The Astrophysical Journal; October 10, 2004; Volume 614, pp. 56-63; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-7986; NSF AST00-96913; NSF PHY-01-14422; NGT5-50173; PF-1-20020; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel dovich effect data can be combined to determine the distance to galaxy clusters. High-resolution X-ray data are now available from Chandra, which provides both spatial and spectral information, and Sunyaev-Zel dovich effect data were obtained from the BIMA and Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) arrays. We introduce a Markov Chain Monte Carlo procedure for the joint analysis of X-ray and Sunyaev- Zel dovich effect data. The advantages of this method are the high computational efficiency and the ability to measure simultaneously the probability distribution of all parameters of interest, such as the spatial and spectral properties of the cluster gas and also for derivative quantities such as the distance to the cluster. We demonstrate this technique by applying it to the Chandra X-ray data and the OVRO radio data for the galaxy cluster A611. Comparisons with traditional likelihood ratio methods reveal the robustness of the method. This method will be used in follow-up paper to determine the distances to a large sample of galaxy cluster. Galactic Clusters; Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation; Radio Galaxies; Robustness (Mathematics); Spectra 20050010078 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA High Excitation Gas and ISM Peeters, E.; Martin-Hernandez, N. L.; Rodriguez-Fernandez, N. J.; Tielens, A. G. G. M.; ISO Mission Results: Space Science Reviews; June 10, 2004; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): HPMF-CT-2002-01677; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources An overview is given of ISO results on regions of high excitation ISM and gas, i.e. HII regions, the Galactic Centre and Supernovae Remnants. IR emission due to fine-structure lines, molecular hydrogen, silicates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dust are summarized, their diagnostic capabilities illustrated and their implications highlighted. Galaxies; Interstellar Gas; Supernova Remnants; Molecular Gases; H II Regions 212

91 LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION Includes planetology; selenology; meteorites; comets; and manned and unmanned planetary and lunar flights. For spacecraft design or space stations see 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance. 20050009927 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp Wooden, D. H.; Harker, D. E.; Woodward, C. E.; October 19, 2004; 2 pp.; In English; Chondrites and the Protoplanetary Disk, 8-11 Nov. 2004, Lihue, HI, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): 344-32-21-04; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Crystalline silicates, by their apparent absence in the ISM, are dust grains that experienced high temperatures in the solar nebula. Mg-rich crystalline silicates formed either by condensation from hot nebular gases (1450 K) or by the annealing of Mg-rich amorphous silicates (approx. 1000 K) in shocks in the 5-10 AU region or by radial transport into and out of the hot inner zones, e.g., T(sub d) \g 1000 K at r(sub h) \h 5 AU, 10(exp -6) - 10(exp -5) M(sub O)/yr, alpha = 10(exp -4) of the early solar nebula. Mg-rich crystalline silicates are found in interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) and produce IR spectral features in many Oort cloud comets. In May 2004, we discovered strong crystalline silicate features in the dynamically new Oort cloud comet C/2001 Q4 (NEAT). Thermal emission modeling of comets Q4 and C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) demonstrate that both these comets have similar, high silicate crystalline-to-amorphous ratios of 2.4 and 2.1, respectively, indicating that these icy planetesimals aggregated from similar reservoirs of material or that crystalline silicates were widely distributed within the comet-forming zone. This argues for efficient annealing mechanisms and radial mixing. Comets; Silicates; Amorphous Materials 20050009949 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation Hieronymus, James; Dowding, John; [2004]; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): IAC-04-T.3.07; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Speech is the most natural modality for humans use to communicate with other people, agents and complex systems. A spoken dialogue system must be robust to noise and able to mimic human conversational behavior, like correcting misunderstandings, answering simple questions about the task and understanding most well formed inquiries or commands. The system aims to understand the meaning of the human utterance, and if it does not, then it discards the utterance as being meant for someone else. The first operational system is Clarissa, a conversational procedure reader and navigator, which will be used in a System Development Test Objective (SDTO) on the International Space Station (ISS) during Expedition 10. In the present environment one astronaut reads the procedure on a Manual Procedure Viewer (MPV) or paper, and has to stop to read or turn pages, shifting focus from the task. Clarissa is designed to read and navigate ISS procedures entirely with speech, while the astronaut has his eyes and hands engaged in performing the task. The system also provides an MPV like graphical interface so the procedure can be read visually. A demo of the system will be given. Navigation; Reading; Speech; Systems Engineering; Computer Programs 20050009950 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover Colombano, Silvano; Kirchner, Frank; Spenneberg, Dirk; Hanratty, James; [2004]; 9 pp.; In English; AIAA Space 2004, 28-30 Sep. 2004, San Diego, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-1-0483; USRA-8008-003-002-01; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy The Scorpion robot is an innovative, biologically inspired 8-legged walking robot. It currently runs a novel approach to control which utilizes a central pattern generator (CPG) and local reflex action for each leg. From this starting point we are proposing to both extend the system s individual capabilities and its capacity to function as a scout, cooperating with a larger wheeled rover. For this purpose we propose to develop a distributed system architecture that extends the system s capabilities both in the direction of high level planning and execution in collaboration with a rover, and in the direction of force-feedback based low level behaviors that will greatly enhance its ability to walk and climb in rough varied terrains. The final test of this 213

improved ability will be a rappelling experiment where the Scorpion explores a steep cliff side in cooperation with a rover that serves as both anchor and planner/executive. Robots; Terrain; Planetary Surfaces; Space Exploration; Leg (Anatomy) 20050010074 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Blowing in the Wind, 1, Velocities of Chondrule-Sized Particles in a Turbulent Protoplanetary Nebula Cuzzi, Jeffrey N.; Hogan, Robert C.; Icarus; 2003; ISSN 0019-1035; Volume 164, pp. 127-138; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC2-1292; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources Small but macroscopic particles-chondrules, higher temperature mineral inclusions, metal grains and their like-dominate the fabric of primitive meteorites. The properties of these constituents, and their relationship to the fine dust grains which surround them, suggest that they led an extended existence in a gaseous protoplanetary nebula prior to their incorporation into their parent primitive bodies. In this paper we explore in some detail the velocities acquired by such particles in a turbulent nebula. We treat velocities in inertial space (relevant to diffusion), velocities relative to the gas entrained microscopic dust (relevant to accretion of dust rims), and velocities relative to each other (relevant to collisions). We extend previous work by presenting explicit, closed-form solutions for the magnitude and size dependence of these velocities in this important particle size regime, and we compare these expressions with new numerical calculations. The magnitude and size dependence of these velocities have immediate applications to chondrule and CAI rimming by fine dust and to their diffusion in the nebula, which we explore separately. Nebulae; Protoplanets; Velocity Distribution; Chondrule; Mathematical Models 20050010106 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration Alena, Richard I.; Lee, Charles; October 20, 2004; 6 pp.; In English; IEEE Aerospace 2005, 2004, Big Sky, MT, USA; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy Wireless mobile networks suffer connectivity loss when used in a terrain that has hills, and valleys when line of sight is interrupted or range is exceeded. To resolve this problem and achieve acceptable network performance, we have designed an adaptive, configurable, hybrid system to automatically route network packets along the best path between multiple geographically dispersed modules. This is very useful in planetary surface exploration, especially for ad-hoc mobile networks, where computational devices take an active part in creating a network infrastructure, and can actually be used to route data dynamically and even store data for later transmission between networks. Using inspiration from biological systems, this research proposes to use ant trail algorithms with multi-layered information maps (topographic maps, RF coverage maps) to determine the best route through ad-hoc network at real time. The determination of best route is a complex one, and requires research into the appropriate metrics, best method to identify the best path, optimizing traffic capacity, network performance, reliability, processing capabilities and cost. Real ants are capable of finding the shortest path from their nest to a food source without visual sensing through the use of pheromones. They are also able to adapt to changes in the environment using subtle clues. To use ant trail algorithms, we need to define the probability function. The artificial ant is, in this case, a software agent that moves from node to node on a network graph. The function to calculate the fitness (evaluate the better path) includes: length of the network edge, the coverage index, topology graph index, and pheromone trail left behind by other ant agents. Each agent modifies the environment in two different ways: 1) Local trail updating: As the ant moves between nodes it updates the amount of pheromone on the edge; and 2) Global trail updating: When all ants have completed a tour the ant that found the shortest route updates the edges in its path. Adaptive Control; Wireless Communication; Computer Networks; Planetary Surfaces; Space Exploration 20050019441 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration Fong, Terrence; Nourbakhsh, Illah; [2004]; 5 pp.; In English; 2004 AAAI Fall Symposium, 21-24 Oct. 2004, Arlington, VA, USA; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources NASA has embarked on a long-term program to develop human-robot systems for sustained, affordable space exploration. To support this mission, we are working to improve human-robot interaction and performance on planetary surfaces. Rather than building robots that function as glorified tools, our focus is to enable humans and robots to work as partners and peers. 214

In this paper. we describe our approach, which includes contextual dialogue, cognitive modeling, and metrics-based field testing. Robots; Space Exploration; Manned Space Flight; Artificial Intelligence; Man Machine Systems; Robotics 93 SPACE RADIATION Includes cosmic radiation; and inner and outer Earth radiation belts. For biological effects of radiation on plants and animals see 51 Life Sciences; on human beings see 52 Aerospace Medicine. For theory see 73 Nuclear Physics. 20050000101 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport Lin, Zi-Wei; Barghouty, A. F.; [2004]; 1 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only Space radiation transport codes have been developed to calculate radiation effects behind materials in human missions to the Moon, Mars or beyond. We study how nuclear fragmentation processes affect predictions from such radiation transport codes. In particular, we investigate the effects of fragmentation cross sections at different energies on fluxes, dose and dose-equivalent from galactic cosmic rays behind typical shielding materials. Radiation Transport; Extraterrestrial Radiation; Nuclear Interactions; Radiation Effects 99 GENERAL Includes aeronautical, astronautical, and space science related histories, biographies, and pertinent reports too broad for categorization; histories or broad overviews of NASA programs such as Apollo, Gemini, and Mercury spacecraft, Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS), and Skylab; NASA appropriations hearings. 20050000041 NASA, Washington, DC, USA U.S. Centennial of Flight Commision: Born of Dreams - Inspired by Freedom [2004]; 2 pp.; In English Report No.(s): NASA/SP-2004-4604; NAS/1.21:2004-4604; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; C01, DVD; A01, Hardcopy The U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission developed and maintained a public web site that included activities related to the centennial of flight celebration and the history of aviation. The web site, www.centennialofflight.gov, was continually updated with educational and historical information, events, sights and sounds, and Commission information from its inception to June 2004. This DVD contains a snap shot of the web site as of April 2004. The Web site on this DVD can be enjoyed without an Internet connection although in some places, you will be given links to online content. DVD content includes: 1) About the Commission - Information on the legislation, the Commissioners and Advisory Board members, news, the National Plans, meeting minutes and status reports; 2) Calendar of Events - A comprehensive list of activities, symposiums, exhibits, air shows, educational activities and more that took place through March 2004; 3) Wright Brothers History - The Library of Congress bibliography of Wright-related resources as well as the Chronology and Flight Log; the Brunsman articles; interactive learning modules from The Wright Experience; short informative essays and a series of links to other Wright brothers information sources. 4) History of Flight - Essays and images on the history of flight; 5) Sights and Sounds - Images, movies and special collections that capture the accomplishments of the Wright brothers and others who made significant contributions throughout the history of aviation and aerospace. As part of the NASA Art Program, a centennial song, Way Up There, was commissioned; 6) Licensed Products - View collections of souvenirs and gift items to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the first powered flight; 7) Education - Resources that will help educators and their students celebrate 100 years of flight. Teachers can download Wright brothers posters and a Centennial of Flight bookmark, view live Web casts, and access an Educational Resources Center Matrix representing more than 50 government, industry and labor organizations promoting aviation and aerospace education. (revised) Websites; Educational Resources; Aeronautics; Histories 215

20050010005 Porto Univ., Portugal An Analysis of Variation in Teaching Effort Across Tasks in Online and Traditional Courses Hislop, Gregory; Ellis, Heidi; ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing; [2004], pp. 148; In English; See also 20050009958; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources As the role of the internet and internet technologies continues to grow in pace with the rapid growth of online education, faculty activities and tasks are changing to adapt to this increase in web-based instruction. However, little measurable evidence exist: to characterize the nature of the differences in teaching effort required for online versus traditional courses. This paper reports on the results of a quantitative study of instructor use of time which investigates not only total time expended, but also examines differences in types of effort. The basis of the study is a comparison of seven comparable pairs of online and traditional course sections where instructors recorded time spent during course instruction for the seven pairs. This paper discusses relevant related work, presents the study motivation and design, discusses how teaching effort varies across different tasks between online and traditional courses, and presents thoughts for future research. The results of this study indicate that instructors of online courses spend more time on direct interaction with students when compared to instructors of traditional courses, but spend less time on other activities such as grading and materials preparation. Education; Internets; Instructors 20050010181 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Rockets and People, Volume 1 Chertok, Boris E.; January 2005; 436 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): NASA/SP-2005-4110; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy Much has been written in the West on the history of the Soviet space program but few Westerners have read direct first-hand accounts of the men and women who were behind the many Russian accomplishments in exploring space.the memoirs of Academician Boris Chertok, translated from the original Russian, fills that gap.chertok began his career as an electrician in 1930 at an aviation factory near Moscow.Twenty-seven years later, he became deputy to the founding figure of the Soviet space program, the mysterious Chief Designer Sergey Korolev. Chertok s sixty-year-long career and the many successes and failures of the Soviet space program constitute the core of his memoirs, Rockets and People. These writings are spread over four volumes. This is volume I. Academician Chertok not only describes and remembers, but also elicits and extracts profound insights from an epic story about a society s quest to explore the cosmos. In Volume 1, Chertok describes his early years as an engineer and ends with the mission to Germany after the end of World War II when the Soviets captured Nazi missile technology and expertise. Volume 2 takes up the story with the development of the world s first intercontinental ballistic missile ICBM) and ends with the launch of Sputnik and the early Moon probes. In Volume 3, Chertok recollects the great successes of the Soviet space program in the 1960s including the launch of the world s first space voyager Yuriy Gagarin as well as many events connected with the Cold War. Finally, in Volume 4, Chertok meditates at length on the massive Soviet lunar project designed to beat the Americans to the Moon in the 1960s, ending with his remembrances of the Energiya-Buran project. (revised) U.S.S.R. Space Program; Histories 216

Subject Term Index A STARS A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 ABLATION Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 ABSORPTION SPECTRA High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM 210 ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM 210 ACCELERATED LIFE TESTS Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells 92 ACCELEROMETERS Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 ACCESS CONTROL An Event-Based Framework For Service- Oriented Computing 165 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION Managing the Unexpected 195 ACCURACY Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 ACID RAIN Acid Rain Program 64 ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION An Electromagnetic/Acoustic Propagation Experiment 184 ACOUSTICS Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences 117 ACTIVATION Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 ACTIVE CONTROL Twenty-one Steps to Improve Cyber Security of SCADA Networks 111 ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM 210 ACTUATORS A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 ADAPTATION Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 ADAPTIVE CONTROL Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 Robust Adaptive Control of UCAVs 14 Robust Control, Feedback and Learning: Data-Driven Methods 17 VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers 118 ADHESION Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 AEROACOUSTICS Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area 1 AEROCAPTURE NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 AERODYNAMIC LOADS Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV 10 Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 AERODYNAMICS Historical Overview of Research on Lift- Generated Vortex Wakes 2 On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design 126 AEROELASTICITY Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 AERONAUTICS An Experience with the Neural Network for Auto-Landing System of an Aircraft 148 U.S. Centennial of Flight Commision: Born of Dreams - Inspired by Freedom 215 AEROSOLS Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 AEROSPACE ENGINEERING Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS LISA: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna 71 Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 AEROSPACE SAFETY Putting Patience to the Test 195 AEROSPACE SYSTEMS Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 AEROTHERMODYNAMICS Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 AFRICA Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 AGRICULTURE Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 AIR POLLUTION Analysis of HMG Policies and Regulations Affecting Electrical Vehicles 62 CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 Compressed Natural Gas versus Diesel, Results of Vehicle Testing at MISR Lab 63 Credit Trading and Power: Issues and Opportunities 65 Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts 64 Health Impacts of Kathmandu s Air Pollution 63 Vehicle Emissions and Performance Testing Center Business Plan 59 AIR QUALITY Acid Rain Program 64 Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts 64 A-1

Health Impacts of Kathmandu s Air Pollution 63 Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS (PERSON- NEL) A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System 5 Noise Mitigation Controller Tools 4 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL A Simple Two Aircraft Conflict Resolution Algorithm 8 A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System 5 Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools for Noise Mitigation 5 Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 NASA Ames ATM Research 8 Next Generation CTAS Tools 6 Overview of CTAS Research and Development at NASA Ames Research Center 18 Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts 108 Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 AIR TRANSPORTATION Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year 2000 2 NASA Ames ATM Research 8 The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 AIRBORNE/SPACEBORNE COMPUTERS In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year 2000 2 AIRCRAFT APPROACH SPACING Aircraft Spacings that Produce a Vortex- Free Region Below Flight Formation 16 AIRCRAFT CONTROL A Simple Two Aircraft Conflict Resolution Algorithm 8 AIRCRAFT NOISE Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools for Noise Mitigation 5 Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area 1 AIRCRAFT PILOTS Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts 108 AIRCRAFT SAFETY Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 AIRFOIL PROFILES Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 AIRFOILS Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 AIRLINE OPERATIONS Annual Review of Aircraft Accident Data: U.S. Air Carrier Operations, Calendar Year 2000 2 AIRPORT SECURITY General Aviation Security: Increased Federal Oversight Is Needed, but Continued Partnership with the Private Sector Is Critical to Long-Term Success 8 AIRPORTS Next Generation CTAS Tools 6 AIRSPACE En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 Interim Strategies for Flying UAVs in the U.S. National Airspace System 15 AIRSPEED Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 ALASKA Energy Information Clearinghouse 196 ALGAE Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 67 ALGORITHMS A Comparison Between The Proportional Keen Approximator And The Neural Networks Learning Methods 173 A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations 185 A Logical and Probabilistic Technique for Classification and Dimensionality Reduction for Objects with Categorical Data 176 A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 A Simple Two Aircraft Conflict Resolution Algorithm 8 Algorithm for Merging Hyperellipsoidal Clusters 111 An Algorithm For Linear Bi-level Programming Problems 119 Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm 173 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 Dependability: A Forgotten Aspect In Location-Based Services 133 Detecting Attacks in Computer Networks 47 Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines 117 Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections 150 Learning Bayesian Networks with Largest Chain Graphs 119 Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm 116 Mining Scientific Results Through The Combined Use Of Clustering And Linear Programming Techniques 174 Mining Sequential Patterns with Regular Expression Constraints Using Sequential Pattern Tree 149 Mining the Relationship in the Form of Predisposing Factor and Co-Incident in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Ideas with a New Idea from the Fact in The Chemical Reaction 151 Mining the Relationships in the Form of the Predisposing Factors and Co- Incident Factors Among Numerical Dynamic Attributes in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Techniques 147 Modeling Web Services Interoperability 135 New Energetic Selection Principle in Differential Evolution 112 New Forcefields and Algorithms for Computational Protein Design 98 NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 A-2

Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines 115 Robust, Generalized, Quick and Efficient Agglomerative Clustering 149 Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 Simple Classifiers 114 Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 Towards Visual Data Mining 153 Training a Sigmoidal Node is Hard 112 Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository 155 Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors 137 ALLOCATIONS Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation 182 ALUMINUM ALLOYS Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion 38 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project 41 AMMUNITION Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid Scoring Record Number 183 56 Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 AMORPHOUS MATERIALS Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp 213 AMPLIFIERS Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 ANALOGIES Comparison of Human and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) Judgements of Pairwise Document Similarities for a News Corpus 139 Visualizing Software Project Analogies To Support Cost Estimation 152 ANALOGS Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer 93 ANATOMY Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 ANGLE OF ATTACK Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV 10 ANIMALS Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 ANIONS Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 ANOMALIES Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection 118 Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 ANTENNA ARRAYS High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media 51 Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 1 51 Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 2 51 Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 ANTHROPOMETRY Adaptive Techniques for the Human Faces Detection 171 Face Pattern Detection 108 ANTIBODIES The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy 81 ANTIGENS Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 APOPTOSIS Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System 99 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUT- ERS) BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 Case-Based Approach for Efficient Redesign of Business Process 123 Dependability: A Forgotten Aspect In Location-Based Services 133 Designing a Web-Based Application Framework 135 Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APP- CAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties 129 Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 Heterogeneous Integration Of Services Into An Open, Standardized Web Service: A Web Service-based CSCW/L System 133 Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support 125 Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer 133 Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management 121 APPROXIMATION A Comparison Between The Proportional Keen Approximator And The Neural Networks Learning Methods 173 ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS) A Cooperative Learning Multi-Agent System 131 A Model Of Agent Ontologies For B2C e-commerce 166 A Multi-Server Approach For Distributed Collaborative Knowledge Spaces 161 A Network Component Architecture for Collaboration in Mobile Settings 128 A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual- Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management 167 A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 A Recorded State Mechanism For Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts 158 Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 Composition of Web Services in the ICS Architecture 166 Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots 120 GridBlocks: Web Portal and Client for Distributed Computing 121 A-3

Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 Semantic-Web Technology: Applications at NASA 138 Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository 155 Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 ARID LANDS Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 ARMED FORCES (UNITED STATES) Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 ARRAYS Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 ARRHYTHMIA A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 ARRIVALS En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Agent Programming Language with Incomplete Knowledge: AgentSpeak(I) 132 Application Of Neural Networks For Prior Appraisal Of Structural Funds Project Proposals 173 Artificial Intelligence Representations of Multi-Model Based Controllers 119 Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems 170 Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems 122 The Data Flow and Distributed Calculations Intelligence Information Technology for Decision Support System in Real Time 171 The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management 148 Toolkits Supporting Open Innovation In e-government 166 Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 ASBESTOS Discussion of Asbestos Detection Techniques for Air and Soil 65 ASCENT Rapid Ascent Simulation at NASA- MSFC 19 ASIA Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 ASSESSMENTS Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 ASTHMA Accession Medical Standards Analysis and Research Activity (AMSARA): 2003 Annual Report 78 ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES Time and Frequency Activities at the U.S. Naval Observatory 209 ASTRONOMICAL SPECTROSCOPY The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept 110 ASTROPHYSICS Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer 212 ASYMPTOTES Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm 116 ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 ATMOSPHERIC MODELS SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 ATOMIC CLOCKS Development of New RB Clocks in Observatoire De Neuchatel 42 End Resonances for Atomic Clocks 37 Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 ATOMS Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 ATTITUDE CONTROL NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 ATTITUDE (INCLINATION) In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 AUGMENTATION Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 AUTOMATIC CONTROL A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning 152 A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System 5 An Experience with the Neural Network for Auto-Landing System of an Aircraft 148 Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework 159 En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 AUTOMATION E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 AUTONOMY A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Agent Based Decentralized Workflow Enactment: Compilation And Transformation Of Workflow Models 127 Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation 156 Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 A-4

AUTOREGRESSIVE MOVING AVERAGE Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 BACKPROPAGATION (ARTIFICIAL IN- TELLIGENCE) Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 BALLISTIC MISSILES Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 BALLUTES Ball Designs Drag Device for Future Moon-Mars Exploration 21 BANDWIDTH Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APP- CAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties 129 Strategic Negotiation Of Bandwidth In Cooperative Networks 27 BAYES THEOREM A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Bayesian Network Classifiers Versus K-NN Classifier Using Sequential Feature Selection 182 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 Learning Bayesian Networks with Largest Chain Graphs 119 BELIEF NETWORKS Bayesian Network Classifiers Versus K-NN Classifier Using Sequential Feature Selection 182 BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 BENDING MOMENTS Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY Earth s Early Biosphere and the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle 70 BIOINSTRUMENTATION A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 BIOSPHERE Earth s Early Biosphere and the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle 70 BIOSYNTHESIS Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma 80 Synthesis of Estrogen Receptor Beta Selective 17-Substituted Estradiols for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 88 BIOTECHNOLOGY Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 BIRTH Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 BLAZARS High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM 210 BLOOD VESSELS Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 BLOOD Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 BO-105 HELICOPTER Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 BOILERS Advanced Flue Gas Conditioning as a Retrofit Upgrade to Enhance PM Collection from Coal-Fired Electric Utility Boilers 65 BOLTZMANN-VLASOV EQUATION Nonlinear Longitudinal Waves in High Energy Stored Beams 184 BONDING Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 BORANES Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 BOUNDARY LAYERS Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 BREAKWATERS Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 BREAST Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer 93 Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk 96 Breast Cancer Training Program 89 Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram 105 CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance 101 Cripto: A Target for Breast Cancer Treatment 92 Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer 105 EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast 106 Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer 102 Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 Estrogen and Breast Cancer 98 Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 A-5

Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 Role of PTPase LAR in EGF Receptor in the Mammary Gland 94 Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression 91 Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy 81 BRIGHTNESS Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 BROADBAND Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area 1 BROADCASTING Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APP- CAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties 129 BUOYS Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 C BAND Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 C-135 AIRCRAFT Tanker Force Structure: Recapitalization of the KC-135 13 CALCIFEROL Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 Vitamin D Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 96 CALCIUM CARBONATES Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 67 CALCIUM Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 CALCULUS Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 CALIBRATING Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 CAMERAS Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 CANCER An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer 93 Arginase: A Novel Proliferative Determinant in Prostate Cancer 90 Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk 96 Biological Basis for Chemoprevention of Ovarian Cancer 97 Breast Cancer Training Program 89 Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 Caveolin-1 Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling in Advanced Prostate Cancer 96 Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Characterization of SIRPs in Prostate Cancer Cells 82 Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram 105 CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance 101 Cripto: A Target for Breast Cancer Treatment 92 Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer 105 Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice 84 EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast 106 Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer 102 Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 Estrogen and Breast Cancer 98 Estrogen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study 85 Exploiting the Innate Antitumor Activity of Human Gamma-Delta T-Cells for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 82 Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Genetic Variation in the HSD3B2 Gene and Prostate Cancer 88 Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma 80 Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Increasing Sustained Participation in Free Mass Cancer Screening Clinics 84 Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 A-6

Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 Mechanisms of VEGF Availability in Prostate Cancer 99 Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race- Ethnicity 106 Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 Prostate Cancer Mortality in Puerto Rican Men: The Effect of Body Habitus and Physical Activity 99 Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture 98 Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase in Prostate Cancer Cells 90 Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR- Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells 100 Role of IKKs and Transcription Factor NF-kB in Prostate Tumorigenesis 87 Role of PTPase LAR in EGF Receptor in the Mammary Gland 94 Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region 77 Synthesis of Estrogen Receptor Beta Selective 17-Substituted Estradiols for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 88 Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression 91 Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician 90 Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy 81 Vitamin D Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 96 CAPILLARY PUMPED LOOPS NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 CARBON CYCLE Earth s Early Biosphere and the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle 70 CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 CARBON DIOXIDE Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study 70 Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership 66 Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 67 CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MID- CARB) 68 USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Background Paper 71 CARBON FIBER REINFORCED PLAS- TICS Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE Solvent Effects on Cesium Complexation with Crown Ethers from Liquid to Supercritical Fluids 29 CARBON Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership 66 Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 CARCINOGENS Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture 98 Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR- Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells 100 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Health Impacts of Kathmandu s Air Pollution 63 CARGO Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 CATALOGS (PUBLICATIONS) A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 CAVITIES Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 CELLS (BIOLOGY) Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells 92 CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 CERAMICS Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 CETANE Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 CHARGE INJECTION DEVICES Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection 118 CHARGED PARTICLES Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 A-7

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 CHEMICAL PROPULSION Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 Modeling of Spacecraft Advanced Chemical Propulsion Systems 26 CHEMICAL REACTIONS Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Mining the Relationship in the Form of Predisposing Factor and Co-Incident in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Ideas with a New Idea from the Fact in The Chemical Reaction 151 CHEMOTHERAPY An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy 81 CHIPS (ELECTRONICS) Explosives Detection in Seawater on a Microchip 52 CHIPS Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 CHONDRULE Blowing in the Wind 214 CHROMOPHORES Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 CIRCUIT BOARDS Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 CIVIL DEFENSE L Armement-Recherche civile, Recherche de defense (Armament-Civil and Defense Research) 204 CLASSIFICATIONS A Logical and Probabilistic Technique for Classification and Dimensionality Reduction for Objects with Categorical Data 176 Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm 173 Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection 118 Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 Quality Control Using Fuzzy Rule Based Classification Systems 192 Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers 118 Web Service Component Markets: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Third Wave of Software Marketplaces 165 CLASSIFIERS Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines 178 Simple Classifiers 114 CLASSIFYING Multilayer Perceptrons Technique in Classifying Stocks: A Case Study of Egyptian Stocks Exchange 153 CLEAN FUELS Annual Report for the Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project 24 CLIENT SERVER SYSTEMS Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 CLIMATE CHANGE Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 U.S. Climate Change Research Initiative (CCRI): Survey of Research Strategies to Reduce Scientific Uncertainties 74 USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Background Paper 71 USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study 72 CLIMATE MODELS U.S. Climate Change Research Initiative (CCRI): Survey of Research Strategies to Reduce Scientific Uncertainties 74 CLINICAL MEDICINE Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk 96 Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Increasing Sustained Participation in Free Mass Cancer Screening Clinics 84 Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician 90 CLOCKS An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency 42 Development of New RB Clocks in Observatoire De Neuchatel 42 CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 CLOSURES Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 CLUSTER ANALYSIS Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 Robust, Generalized, Quick and Efficient Agglomerative Clustering 149 CLUSTERS Algorithm for Merging Hyperellipsoidal Clusters 111 COASTS Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems 52 CODING A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 COEFFICIENTS An Exact Analytical Expression of the Shear Coefficient in the Mindlin Plate Equation 177 A-8

COGNITION An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 ASK Talks with Gary Klein 195 Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Case-Based Approach for Efficient Redesign of Business Process 123 COLLECTION Analyzing Observable Behaviors Of Device Ecology Workflows 163 COLLISION AVOIDANCE Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System (Auto-ACAS) 11 COLLISIONLESS PLASMAS On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 COLORIMETRY Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 COMBAT Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 COMBUSTION DIII-D Research Operations Annual Report to the U.S. Department of Energy. October 1, 2001 through September 30, 2002 187 Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 COMETS High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp 213 COMMAND AND CONTROL Pilot Study: System Model of Situation Awareness: Sensemaking and Decision Making in Command and Control 48 Strategies for Defining the Army s Objective Vision of Command and Control for the 21st Century 49 COMMERCE A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 An Event-Based Framework For Service- Oriented Computing 165 Business Continuity: It s Not Just an IT Recovery Plan. Intergovernmental and Enterprise Approaches 202 Developing Intranet and Extranet Business Application for a Large Travel Agent 162 Federated Mediators For Query Composite Answers 157 Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 High Payoff in Electronic Government. Measuring the Return on E-Government Investments 113 Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 Multilayer Perceptrons Technique in Classifying Stocks: A Case Study of Egyptian Stocks Exchange 153 Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning 191 COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT TWA Flight 800 Missile Impact Analysis 14 COMMUNICATING Intelligent Electronic Inter-Systemic Contracting: Issues On Contract Formation 161 Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems 73 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Secure Tactical Mobile Intelligent Agents 47 Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 COMMUNICATION Seamless Communication And Access To Information For Mobile Users In A Wireless Environment 43 The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 COMMUNITIES Antecedents of Successful Web Based Communities for Disabled Citizens 159 COMPACTING Dynamic Compaction Facility Test Report 63 COMPILERS Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders 144 COMPLEX SYSTEMS BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce 161 Quality Control Using Fuzzy Rule Based Classification Systems 192 COMPOSITE MATERIALS Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior 39 Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 COMPOSITE STRUCTURES Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II 31 COMPOUND HELICOPTERS Stability Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Configuration 17 COMPRESSED GAS Compressed Natural Gas versus Diesel, Results of Vehicle Testing at MISR Lab 63 IMTB Program Summary Report 67 COMPRESSORS Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences 117 COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS High Order Numerical Methods for Convection Dominated Problems 176 Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 COMPUTATION A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 Analyzing Observable Behaviors Of Device Ecology Workflows 163 Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation 186 New Energetic Selection Principle in Differential Evolution 112 Simple Classifiers 114 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN Knowledge Navigation for Virtual Vehicles 137 On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design 126 COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION Problems Resolution In MATHNET System 151 COMPUTER GRAPHICS Simulating Clouds with Procedural Texturing Techniques Using the GPU 139 A-9

COMPUTER INFORMATION SECURITY Conference on Information Technology (2nd)/Special Session on Homeland Security, Volume 5 205 Embedding JAAS In Java Agent Roles To Apply Local Security Policies 129 E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement 129 GridBlocks: Web Portal and Client for Distributed Computing 121 COMPUTER NETWORKS A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media 160 A Network Component Architecture for Collaboration in Mobile Settings 128 Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 An Event-Based Framework For Service- Oriented Computing 165 Detecting Attacks in Computer Networks 47 Developing Intranet and Extranet Business Application for a Large Travel Agent 162 Intranet Use: A Study of Five Swedish Organisations 180 Learning Processes and the Role of Technological Networks as an Innovative Challenge 164 Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Twenty-one Steps to Improve Cyber Security of SCADA Networks 111 Virtual Active IP Node for Collaborative Environments 163 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING Applying Data Mining To Software Development Projects: A Case Study 124 Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report 117 Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences 117 MGAIA: Extending The Gala Methodology To Model Mobile Agent Systems 136 Modelling Mobile Agent Applications by Extended UML Activity Diagram 134 Multi-Agent Organizational Model For E-Contacting 122 Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer 133 Software for Intelligent System Health Management (ISHM) 168 Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management 121 Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors 137 COMPUTER PROGRAMS A Dynamic Aggregation Mechanism For Agent-Based Services 132 A Recommendation Based Framework for Online Product Configuration 130 Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks 158 Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 Content Oriented Architecture for Consumer-to-Business E-Commerce 166 Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web 126 Design and Evaluation of Software Agents for Online Negotiations 136 Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors 142 egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement 129 Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information 128 Federated Mediators For Query Composite Answers 157 ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing 153 Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration 110 NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 Shifting the Computational Paradigm 140 Software Agents for Supporting Student Team Project Work 129 Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 Visualizing Software Project Analogies To Support Cost Estimation 152 Web Usage Mining with Time Constrained Association Rules 125 COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 COMPUTER SYSTEMS DESIGN Designing a Web-Based Application Framework 135 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California 46 M-Computing System for Enterprises: A Design Framework 167 Principles For Creating Web Sites: A Design Perspective 168 Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce 161 COMPUTER SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE Software for Intelligent System Health Management (ISHM) 168 COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 COMPUTER TECHNIQUES Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram 105 COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) 142 Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial 50 Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts 64 Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation 156 Simulating Clouds with Procedural Texturing Techniques Using the GPU 139 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 Using MAS To Solve Producer Customer Transport Problems 147 COMPUTERS Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots 120 A-10

Intelligent Electronic Inter-Systemic Contracting: Issues On Contract Formation 161 Object-Process Methodology Applied to Agent Design 156 COMSAT PROGRAM Customizable Data Distribution for Synchronous Groupware 130 CONCRETE STRUCTURES Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 CONCRETES Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 CONDITIONS Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems 73 CONDUCTORS Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 CONFERENCES Conference on Information Technology (2nd)/Special Session on Homeland Security, Volume 5 205 Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 1 51 Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 2 51 CONICAL SCANNING Conical Scanning Microwave Imager/Sounder(CMIS) Sensor Requirements Document (SRD) for National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Spacecraft and Sensors 18 CONNECTORS Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors 142 CONSERVATION Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy 79 CONSISTENCY Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 CONTAMINANTS Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 CONTAMINATION Contamination Assessment of the Awadallah Secondary Lead Smelter at Shoubra el Kheima 66 Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 CONTINENTAL SHELVES Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 CONTRACT NEGOTIATION Strategic Negotiation Of Bandwidth In Cooperative Networks 27 CONTROL SURFACES Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN Intelligent Propulsion System Foundation Technology: Summary of Research 27 Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 CONTROL THEORY Application of Control Theory in the Formation of a Timescale 172 CONTROLLERS Artificial Intelligence Representations of Multi-Model Based Controllers 119 Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 CONTROL Application of Uncertain Variables to Stability Analysis and Stabilization for ABR ATM Congestion Control Systems 113 CONVECTION High Order Numerical Methods for Convection Dominated Problems 176 CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 CONVERGENCE Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines 115 COOPER-HARPER RATINGS Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 COPPER ALLOYS A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations 185 COPPER Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 CORN Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND RADIATION Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 COST ESTIMATES Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Visualizing Software Project Analogies To Support Cost Estimation 152 COUPLES Majority Voting In Stable Marriage Problem With Couples 189 CREEP PROPERTIES Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 CRYOGENIC ROCKET PROPELLANTS Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 CRYOGENICS Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications 18 CRYPTOGRAPHY E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement 129 CRYSTAL GROWTH Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 CRYSTALLOGRAPHY Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 CYGNUS CONSTELLATION A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 CYTOLOGY Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT TWA Flight 800 Missile Impact Analysis 14 DAMAGE The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 DAMS Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 A-11

DATA ACQUISITION An Approach to Vulnerability Assessment for Navy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems 145 ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual 141 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MID- CARB) 68 DATA BASES A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems 201 An Intelligent Tutoring System For Database Transaction Processing 123 Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm 173 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 C-17 Test Data Archive Effort 14 Databases Reduction 152 Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 Using Mobile Agents to Search for Distributed Invisible Information 134 DATA COLLECTION PLATFORMS Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 DATA COMPRESSION Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web 126 DATA LINKS Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections 150 DATA MANAGEMENT C-17 Test Data Archive Effort 14 Mining Sequential Patterns with Regular Expression Constraints Using Sequential Pattern Tree 149 Phase I Environmental Investigation Report, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Marion County, Indiana, Volume 2. Revised 204 Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual 141 DATA MINING An Efficient Framework For Iterative Time-Series Trend Mining 197 An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems 201 Applying Data Mining To Software Development Projects: A Case Study 124 ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework 201 Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 Mining Scientific Results Through The Combined Use Of Clustering And Linear Programming Techniques 174 Mining Sequential Patterns with Regular Expression Constraints Using Sequential Pattern Tree 149 Mining the Relationship in the Form of Predisposing Factor and Co-Incident in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Ideas with a New Idea from the Fact in The Chemical Reaction 151 Mining the Relationships in the Form of the Predisposing Factors and Co- Incident Factors Among Numerical Dynamic Attributes in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Techniques 147 Multiple Organ Failure Diagnosis Using Adverse Events And Neural Networks 122 Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects 199 Result Comparison of Two Rough Set Based Discretization Algorithms 119 Towards High Dimensional Data Mining With Boosting Of PSVM And Visualization Tools 150 Towards Visual Data Mining 153 Warehousing and Mining of Higher Education Data: Using Existing Data to Manage Quality 120 Web Usage Mining with Time Constrained Association Rules 125 DATA PROCESSING Circular Data Images for Directional Data 178 Citizens Expections for Electronic Government Services 113 Wireless Technology in Government 45 DATA RETRIEVAL Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects 199 DATA STORAGE Databases Reduction 152 Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 DATA STRUCTURES Circular Data Images for Directional Data 178 Detecting Attacks in Computer Networks 47 DATA TRANSFER (COMPUTERS) A Multi-Server Approach For Distributed Collaborative Knowledge Spaces 161 Customizable Data Distribution for Synchronous Groupware 130 Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 DATA TRANSMISSION Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 DEBRIS Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 DECISION MAKING A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System 5 ASK Talks with Gary Klein 195 Decision Follow-Up Support Mechanism Based On Asynchronous Communication 201 A-12

Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability 171 Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Pilot Study: System Model of Situation Awareness: Sensemaking and Decision Making in Command and Control 48 Putting Patience to the Test 195 Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions 124 Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning 191 DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS A DSS for Assessing Technology Environments 179 A Hybrid Decision Support Tool 197 Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools for Noise Mitigation 5 An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce 191 An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems 201 Building Proven Casual Model Bases for Strategic Decision Support 124 Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 Decision Follow-Up Support Mechanism Based On Asynchronous Communication 201 Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems 170 Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations 19 ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Majority Voting In Stable Marriage Problem With Couples 189 Noise Mitigation Controller Tools 4 Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning 191 The Data Flow and Distributed Calculations Intelligence Information Technology for Decision Support System in Real Time 171 Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 DECISION THEORY A Hybrid Decision Support Tool 197 Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 DECOMPOSITION Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines 115 DEEP SPACE LISA: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna 71 DEFECTS Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides 35 DEGRADATION Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 DENSE PLASMAS The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 DENSITY (MASS/VOLUME) Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region 77 The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 DEPLOYMENT Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 DEPRIVATION Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 DESCENT En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 DESIGN ANALYSIS Design and Evaluation of Software Agents for Online Negotiations 136 Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 Simple Classifiers 114 DESTRUCTION Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 DETECTION Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection 118 Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition 140 Development Of Expert System For Detecting Incipient Faults In Transformer By Using Dissolved Gas Analysis 200 Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 Discussion of Asbestos Detection Techniques for Air and Soil 65 Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 Outlier Detection And Visualisation 189 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 DETECTORS Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 DETERMINANTS Arginase: A Novel Proliferative Determinant in Prostate Cancer 90 DIAGNOSIS An Agent-Based Infrastructure For Facilitating Evidence-Based Health Care 74 A-13

Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram 105 Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 DIESEL ENGINES Compressed Natural Gas versus Diesel, Results of Vehicle Testing at MISR Lab 63 Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 Vehicle Emissions and Performance Testing Center Business Plan 59 DIESEL FUELS Annual Report for the Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project 24 DIETS Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice 84 Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture 98 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Sparseness of Support Vector Machines 114 DIGITAL DATA Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Databases Reduction 152 DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION (CRYS- TALS) Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 DISABILITIES Antecedents of Successful Web Based Communities for Disabled Citizens 159 DISEASES Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells 92 New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry 52 DISPLAY DEVICES In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 DISPOSAL Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 DISTRIBUTED INTERACTIVE SIMULA- TION Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS Object-Process Methodology Applied to Agent Design 156 Twenty-one Steps to Improve Cyber Security of SCADA Networks 111 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 A Recorded State Mechanism For Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts 158 Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) 142 From Corba to Web Services Composition 160 Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 DOCUMENT MARKUP LANGUAGES An XML-Based Bootstrapping Method For Pattern Acquisition 146 Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 DOCUMENTS Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 DOMAINS Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 Using MAS To Solve Producer Customer Transport Problems 147 DOSAGE Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 DOWNTIME Reducing Aircraft Down for Lack of Parts with Sporadic Demand 7 DRAG DEVICES Ball Designs Drag Device for Future Moon-Mars Exploration 21 DRIFT RATE The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 DRONE AIRCRAFT Dragon Drone UAV System 11 DRONE VEHICLES A Modular, Reconfigurable Surveillance UAV Architecture 11 Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System (Auto-ACAS) 11 Dragon Drone UAV System 11 HERMES 180 UAV Development Program 11 Interim Strategies for Flying UAVs in the U.S. National Airspace System 15 Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 RAVEN-2: Around-The-World UAV Project 12 Reconnaissance System UAV CL 289 Status and Programme Upgrade 11 SINOVIA: An Open Approach for Heterogeneous ISR Systems Inter- Operability 11 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 DRUGS Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II 31 DYNAMIC MODELS Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks 158 Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web 126 Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations 19 A-14

Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING A Dynamic Aggregation Mechanism For Agent-Based Services 132 DYNAMIC RANGE Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 DYNAMIC RESPONSE Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance 24 DYNAMIC TESTS Dynamic Compaction Facility Test Report 63 Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS Dynamic Diagnosis of Active Systems with Fragmented Observations 150 EARTH RADIATION BUDGET How Consistent are Recent Variations in the Tropical Energy and Water Cycle Resolved by Satellite Measurements? 61 EARTH SURFACE Earth s Early Biosphere and the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle 70 ECONOMICS Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 ECOSYSTEMS Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 67 EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Problems Resolution In MATHNET System 151 U.S. Centennial of Flight Commision: Born of Dreams - Inspired by Freedom 215 EDUCATION A Collaboration on Collaboration 194 A Cooperative Learning Multi-Agent System 131 A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 An Analysis of Variation in Teaching Effort Across Tasks in Online and Traditional Courses 216 An Intelligent Tutoring System For Database Transaction Processing 123 Breast Cancer Training Program 89 Can Avatars Replace The Trainer? A Case Study Evaluation 131 Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 Problems Resolution In MATHNET System 151 Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 Simulating Clouds with Procedural Texturing Techniques Using the GPU 139 The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems 200 Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 EJECTION Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 ELECTRIC BATTERIES Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer 102 Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian 41 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY Advanced Flue Gas Conditioning as a Retrofit Upgrade to Enhance PM Collection from Coal-Fired Electric Utility Boilers 65 Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian 41 Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project 41 ELECTROLYTES Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING Advanced Electromagnetic Modeling 142 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE TRANSMIS- SION An Electromagnetic/Acoustic Propagation Experiment 184 ELECTRON SCATTERING A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations 185 ELECTRONIC COMMERCE A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 A Model Of Agent Ontologies For B2C e-commerce 166 A Web-Enabled Mobile Agent Platform for E-Commerce 121 Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce 191 Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents 190 Can Avatars Replace The Trainer? A Case Study Evaluation 131 Composition of Web Services in the ICS Architecture 166 Content Oriented Architecture for Consumer-to-Business E-Commerce 166 E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 Federated Mediators For Query Composite Answers 157 Formation and Fulfillment of Electronic Contracts in the ICS 127 Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 Jurisdiction in B2C E-Commerce Redress 205 Managing e-market Transaction Processes 202 Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce 161 South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects 155 The Assessment of E-Commerce Awareness on Highly Valuable Traditional Products in Thailand 164 Towards an Information Assessment Framework for Use with the Semantic Web 127 Trusted e-mail: A Proposed Approach To Prevent Credit Card Fraud in Soft- Products E-Commerce 167 A-15

Underlying Platform of the e-commerce System: J2EE Versus NET 158 ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 ELECTRONIC MAIL A Web-Enabled Mobile Agent Platform for E-Commerce 121 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California 46 Formation and Fulfillment of Electronic Contracts in the ICS 127 Reducing Spam: A Simple Solution 163 Trusted e-mail: A Proposed Approach To Prevent Credit Card Fraud in Soft- Products E-Commerce 167 ELECTRONIC WARFARE Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? 49 Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) 169 ELECTRON-POSITRON PLASMAS Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 ELECTRONS Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 ELECTRO-OPTICS Order Lattices of Quantum Dots 188 ELECTROSTATICS A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 EMBEDDING High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media 51 EMERGENCIES Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) 169 ENDOTHELIUM EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors 85 ENERGETIC PARTICLES Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 ENERGY ABSORPTION On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 ENERGY CONSERVATION Feasibility Study for the Modernization of TP1 and TP2 Baneasa Heating Plants, Bucharest, Romania 69 ENERGY STORAGE Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Credit Trading and Power: Issues and Opportunities 65 ENGINE ANALYZERS Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 ENGINE DESIGN Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance 24 ENGINE TESTS Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS Status and Future Directions of the High Production Volume Challenge Program 30 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT Contamination Assessment of the Awadallah Secondary Lead Smelter at Shoubra el Kheima 66 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION Phase I Environmental Investigation Report, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Marion County, Indiana, Volume 2. Revised 204 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL Dublin Core and the Alternative Interface Access Protocol 44 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration 110 Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 ENZYME ACTIVITY The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 ENZYMES Arginase: A Novel Proliferative Determinant in Prostate Cancer 90 Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications 94 Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 EPIDERMIS EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast 106 EPITHELIUM Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 ERROR ANALYSIS Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines 117 Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 ERROR DETECTION CODES Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors 137 ERRORS Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 ESCHERICHIA New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 ESTIMATORS Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 ESTROGENS CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance 101 Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer 105 Estrogen and Breast Cancer 98 Estrogen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study 85 Synthesis of Estrogen Receptor Beta Selective 17-Substituted Estradiols for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 88 ETHNIC FACTORS Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race- Ethnicity 106 A-16

ETHYL COMPOUNDS Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 EUROPE A Feasibility Study Of a Proposed Unified Semantic Infrastructure In The European Construction Sector 135 Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 EVALUATION Design and Evaluation of Software Agents for Online Negotiations 136 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, 94083, St. Louis, Missouri 47 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Tri-State Network Demonstration Project, 94068. Starkville, Mississippi 46 The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 EVOLVABLE HARDWARE Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 EXCITATION Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 EXHAUST EMISSION Analysis of HMG Policies and Regulations Affecting Electrical Vehicles 62 Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 Feasibility Study for the Modernization of TP1 and TP2 Baneasa Heating Plants, Bucharest, Romania 69 Vehicle Emissions and Performance Testing Center Business Plan 59 EXHAUST GASES Analysis of HMG Policies and Regulations Affecting Electrical Vehicles 62 Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 Feasibility Study for the Modernization of TP1 and TP2 Baneasa Heating Plants, Bucharest, Romania 69 Vehicle Emissions and Performance Testing Center Business Plan 59 EXOBIOLOGY The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept 110 EXPERT SYSTEMS Development Of Expert System For Detecting Incipient Faults In Transformer By Using Dissolved Gas Analysis 200 G.R.E.E.N. An Expert System to Identify Gymnosperms 171 Hybrid Expert System for the Selection of Rapid Prototyping Processes 152 ICEIS 2004: Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems 170 Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability 171 The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems 200 EXPLOSIVES DETECTION Explosives Detection in Seawater on a Microchip 52 EXPOSURE Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 EXTRACTION Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders 144 Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web 163 EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIATION Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport 215 EXTRUDING Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion 38 EYE (ANATOMY) Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 EYE PROTECTION Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection 185 FABRICATION Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 FACE (ANATOMY) Adaptive Techniques for the Human Faces Detection 171 Face Pattern Detection 108 FACSIMILE COMMUNICATION Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Tri-State Network Demonstration Project, 94068. Starkville, Mississippi 46 FAILURE Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMATIONS Time Domain Frequency Stability Estimation Based On FFT Measurements 177 FATIGUE LIFE Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements 60 FAULT DETECTION Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 FAULT TOLERANCE Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 FEASIBILITY A Feasibility Study Of a Proposed Unified Semantic Infrastructure In The European Construction Sector 135 FEEDBACK CONTROL Robust Control, Feedback and Learning: Data-Driven Methods 17 Warehousing and Mining of Higher Education Data: Using Existing Data to Manage Quality 120 FEMALES Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 FIBER COMPOSITES Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II 31 FIBROSIS Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 FINANCE Financial Reporting: An Internet Clearinghouse 192 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media 51 A-17

Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 FINS Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 The Influence of Fin Rigidity on the Force Production in the Bird-Wrasse: A Computational Study 3 FISHES The Influence of Fin Rigidity on the Force Production in the Bird-Wrasse: A Computational Study 3 FIXED WINGS Stability Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Configuration 17 FLAPPING Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 FLIGHT CONTROL Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management 121 FLIGHT PATHS In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 FLIGHT SAFETY Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 FLIGHT SIMULATION Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 FLIGHT SIMULATORS Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 FLIGHT TESTS Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 Putting Patience to the Test 195 The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 FLIGHT TRAINING The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology 45 Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems 73 FLOW DISTRIBUTION Coal Particle Flow Patterns for O(sub 2) Enriched, Low NO(sub x) Burners 67 Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV 10 Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 FLOW MEASUREMENT Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 FLOW STABILITY Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 FLUE GASES Advanced Flue Gas Conditioning as a Retrofit Upgrade to Enhance PM Collection from Coal-Fired Electric Utility Boilers 65 Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 FLUID DYNAMICS Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry 52 FLUORESCENCE Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 FLUTTER Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator 1 FLUX DENSITY Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project 41 DIII-D Research Operations Annual Report to the U.S. Department of Energy. October 1, 2001 through September 30, 2002 187 FLYBY MISSIONS The STARDUST Discovery Mission: Data from the Encounter with Comet Wild 2 and the Expected Sample Return 208 FLYWHEELS Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 FORECASTING Alternative Futures and Their Implications for Army Modernization 49 An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information 128 Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 FOREST MANAGEMENT Precision Forestry. Proceedings of the First International Precision Forestry Cooperative Symposium held in Seattle, Washington on June 17-20, 2001 186 FORESTS Precision Forestry. Proceedings of the First International Precision Forestry Cooperative Symposium held in Seattle, Washington on June 17-20, 2001 186 FORMALISM A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 FORMATION FLYING Aircraft Spacings that Produce a Vortex- Free Region Below Flight Formation 16 FRACTIONATION Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy 79 FREE FLIGHT Aircraft Spacings that Produce a Vortex- Free Region Below Flight Formation 16 Next Generation CTAS Tools 6 The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 FREQUENCIES An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency 42 Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases 143 The APL Time And Frequency Lab 209 The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation 42 Time and Frequency Activities at the U.S. Naval Observatory 209 A-18

Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 FREQUENCY RESPONSE Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial 50 FREQUENCY STABILITY Time Domain Frequency Stability Estimation Based On FFT Measurements 177 FREQUENCY STANDARDS Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 FRICTION Reduced Engine Friction and Wear 59 FUEL CELLS Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project 41 FUEL PRODUCTION Annual Report for the Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project 24 FUELS Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 FUNCTIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Toolkits Supporting Open Innovation In e-government 166 FUNCTIONS (MATHEMATICS) Fat-Shattering of Affine Functions 115 FUNGI Treatment for Recurrent Vulvovaginitis Candidiasis: An Overview of Traditional and Alternative Therapies 97 FUZZY SETS A Recommendation Based Framework for Online Product Configuration 130 FUZZY SYSTEMS A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 Linguistic Description of Patterns from Mined Images 174 Quality Control Using Fuzzy Rule Based Classification Systems 192 GALACTIC CLUSTERS Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 GALAXIES A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 GALERKIN METHOD High Order Numerical Methods for Convection Dominated Problems 176 GALLIUM ARSENIDES Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides 35 Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 GALLIUM NITRIDES Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides 35 GAME THEORY Agents Overcoming Resource Independent Scaling Threats 181 GAMES A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 Structural Inertia Of Voting Systems 174 GAMMA RAY BURSTS An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 GAMMA RAYS A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 GAS ANALYSIS Development Of Expert System For Detecting Incipient Faults In Transformer By Using Dissolved Gas Analysis 200 Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 GAS BEARINGS NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 GAS TURBINE ENGINES Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 GELLED PROPELLANTS Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 GENE EXPRESSION Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 Mechanotransduction through Integrins 75 GENE THERAPY Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT General Aviation Security: Increased Federal Oversight Is Needed, but Continued Partnership with the Private Sector Is Critical to Long-Term Success 8 GENERAL OVERVIEWS Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 Recent Research and Future Directions in Mobile Agents for Mobile Devices 164 GENES Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors 85 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Genetic Variation in the HSD3B2 Gene and Prostate Cancer 88 Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 Instant Cell Analysis, BioSPICE, Cellular Devices and Exquisite Detection: Towards an Interactive Biology 76 Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 GENETIC ALGORITHMS A Comparative Study Of Evolutionary Algorithms For Training Of Elman Recurrent Neural Networks To Predict The Autonomous Indebtedness 174 A-19

Linguistic Description of Patterns from Mined Images 174 GENETICS Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Genetic Variation in the HSD3B2 Gene and Prostate Cancer 88 Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Structural Inheritance in Yeast 86 GENOME Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MID- CARB) 68 GEOMORPHOLOGY Phase I Environmental Investigation Report, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Marion County, Indiana, Volume 2. Revised 204 GEOPHYSICS Phase I Environmental Investigation Report, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Marion County, Indiana, Volume 2. Revised 204 GERMANIUM Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 GLASS FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures 50 Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery 143 Distributed Coherent RF Operations 58 In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases 143 GLOBAL WARMING USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Background Paper 71 GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Changes in Global Hawk s Acquisition Strategy are Needed to Reduce Program Risks 15 GOVERNMENTS Business Continuity: It s Not Just an IT Recovery Plan. Intergovernmental and Enterprise Approaches 202 Citizens Expections for Electronic Government Services 113 Integrated Service Delivery. Governments Using Technology to Service the Citizen. International, Federal, and Local Government Experiences 44 Wireless Technology in Government 45 GRAIN SIZE Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion 38 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE Future Interaction Cocepts, Land-Sea- Interactive Examples 44 GRAPHS (CHARTS) Learning Bayesian Networks with Largest Chain Graphs 119 GRASSHOPPERS MGAIA: Extending The Gala Methodology To Model Mobile Agent Systems 136 GRAVITATION Mechanotransduction through Integrins 75 GREENHOUSE EFFECT USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study 72 GROUND STATIONS Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 GROUND TRUTH Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 GROUND WATER Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 GULF OF MEXICO Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 GUSTS Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 GYRATION Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 H II REGIONS High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 HALL THRUSTERS Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 HAZARDOUS WASTES Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 IMTB Program Summary Report 67 Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual 141 HEALTH An Agent-Based Infrastructure For Facilitating Evidence-Based Health Care 74 Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 Status and Future Directions of the High Production Volume Challenge Program 30 HEAT PUMPS NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 HEATING Ball Designs Drag Device for Future Moon-Mars Exploration 21 HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 HETEROGENEITY Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors 142 A-20

Heterogeneous Integration Of Services Into An Open, Standardized Web Service: A Web Service-based CSCW/L System 133 Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 SINOVIA: An Open Approach for Heterogeneous ISR Systems Inter- Operability 11 Using Mobile Agents to Search for Distributed Invisible Information 134 HEURISTIC METHODS Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents 190 egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 HIERARCHIES Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections 150 HIGH ENERGY INTERACTIONS Recent Results in Search for New Physics at the Tevatron (Run I) 184 HIGH RESOLUTION Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 HIGH SPEED A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 HIGH TEMPERATURE Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 HIGH THRUST The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 HISTORIES Rockets and People 216 U.S. Centennial of Flight Commision: Born of Dreams - Inspired by Freedom 215 HOMING DEVICES Signal Processing in a Semi-Active Seeker 48 HORMONES Caveolin-1 Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling in Advanced Prostate Cancer 96 Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region 77 TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 HOSES Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Space Shuttle: Costs for Hubble Servicing Mission and Implementation of Safety. Recommendations Not Yet Definitive 20 HUMAN BEHAVIOR A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 ASK Talks with Gary Klein 195 HUMAN BEINGS Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING Human Factors in Telemedicine 76 HUMAN PERFORMANCE Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 HUMAN RELATIONS A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 HUMAN RESOURCES Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams 192 HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE Information Presentation During Load 17 HYBRID COMPOSITES Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 HYBRID PROPULSION Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project 41 HYDROCARBONS Dynamics of O(3P) Reactions with Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Hydrocarbons 36 Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 HYDRODYNAMICS Hydrodynamic Modeling for Stationary Breaking Waves 54 HYDROELECTRICITY Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 HYDROFOILS Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 HYDROGEN New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE How Consistent are Recent Variations in the Tropical Energy and Water Cycle Resolved by Satellite Measurements? 61 HYDRONIUM IONS Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTIONS Concentration of the Hypergeometric Distribution 115 HYPERPLANES Support Vector Machines 180 HYPERTHERMIA Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 HYPOTHESES AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 IDENTIFYING G.R.E.E.N. An Expert System to Identify Gymnosperms 171 Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions 124 IDENTITIES Wireless Mine-Wide Telecommunications Technology 43 IGNITION SYSTEMS Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance 24 ILLUMINATION Illumination Under Trees 111 IMAGE ANALYSIS An Integrated Centroid Finding and Particle Overlap Decomposition Algorithm for Stereo Imaging Velocimetry 138 Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 A-21

IMAGE CLASSIFICATION Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 IMAGE PROCESSING Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 IMAGERY Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 IMAGING SPECTROMETERS A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 IMAGING TECHNIQUES An Integrated Centroid Finding and Particle Overlap Decomposition Algorithm for Stereo Imaging Velocimetry 138 Circular Data Images for Directional Data 178 Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 IMPACT TESTING MACHINES Acquisition of Integrated Testing System for Civil Construction Materials and Structures. Phase I and II 60 IN VITRO METHODS AND TESTS Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 IN VIVO METHODS AND TESTS Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 INDEXING (INFORMATION SCIENCE) Ontology-Based Framework For Document Indexing 199 INDIANA Phase I Environmental Investigation Report, Fort Benjamin Harrison, Marion County, Indiana, Volume 2. Revised 204 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 INDUSTRIAL PLANTS E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 INERTIA Structural Inertia Of Voting Systems 174 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells 92 INFORMATION ANALYSIS Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, 94083, St. Louis, Missouri 47 Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 INFORMATION DISSEMINATION A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises 202 Energy Information Clearinghouse 196 INFORMATION FLOW Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks 158 An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology 45 The Data Flow and Distributed Calculations Intelligence Information Technology for Decision Support System in Real Time 171 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information 125 Knowledge Management and Its Application to Improve Workflow 191 Managing e-market Transaction Processes 202 Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 Towards an Information Assessment Framework for Use with the Semantic Web 127 INFORMATION RESOURCES MANAGE- MENT Ontology-Based Framework For Document Indexing 199 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media 160 An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce 191 Analysis of Priority and Partitioning Effects on Web Crawling Performance 155 Comparison of Human and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) Judgements of Pairwise Document Similarities for a News Corpus 139 Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing 153 Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections 150 Modeling Web Services Interoperability 135 Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects 199 Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 Using Mobile Agents to Search for Distributed Invisible Information 134 Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web 163 INFORMATION SYSTEMS A Web-Enabled Mobile Agent Platform for E-Commerce 121 Agent Based Decentralized Workflow Enactment: Compilation And Transformation Of Workflow Models 127 Agent Support for Collaborative Work 156 Citizens Expections for Electronic Government Services 113 Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 Conference on Information Technology (2nd)/Special Session on Homeland Security, Volume 5 205 Developing Intranet and Extranet Business Application for a Large Travel Agent 162 Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Tri-State Network Demonstration Project, 94068. Starkville, Mississippi 46 FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information 128 A-22

High Payoff in Electronic Government. Measuring the Return on E-Government Investments 113 Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 Integrated Service Delivery. Governments Using Technology to Service the Citizen. International, Federal, and Local Government Experiences 44 Learning Processes and the Role of Technological Networks as an Innovative Challenge 164 On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems 122 Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions 124 Seamless Communication And Access To Information For Mobile Users In A Wireless Environment 43 Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 Submarine Information Organization and Prioritization and Submarine Officer of the Deck Experience 204 The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems 200 Warehousing and Mining of Higher Education Data: Using Existing Data to Manage Quality 120 INFORMATION THEORY Extension of a Theorem of Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart 114 INFORMATION TRANSFER Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises 202 ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing 153 INFORMATION Future Interaction Cocepts, Land-Sea- Interactive Examples 44 The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 INFRARED ASTRONOMY Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 INFRARED RADIATION A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer 212 Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 INFRARED SPECTRA Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept 110 INFRARED TELESCOPES The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept 110 INHIBITORS The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 INITIATION Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 INJURIES Recommendations for a New and Improved ORCA Modeling System Blast Module 143 INSPECTION Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 INSTRUCTORS An Analysis of Variation in Teaching Effort Across Tasks in Online and Traditional Courses 216 The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 INSTRUMENT APPROACH In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 INSTRUMENTS Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 62 INTELLIGENCE Result Comparison of Two Rough Set Based Discretization Algorithms 119 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 INTERFEROMETERS Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 LISA: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna 71 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Jurisdiction in B2C E-Commerce Redress 205 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 INTERNET RESOURCES Analyzing Observable Behaviors Of Device Ecology Workflows 163 INTERNETS A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 An Analysis of Variation in Teaching Effort Across Tasks in Online and Traditional Courses 216 E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 Financial Reporting: An Internet Clearinghouse 192 ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing 153 Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 Learning Processes and the Role of Technological Networks as an Innovative Challenge 164 Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Reducing Spam: A Simple Solution 163 Software Agents for Supporting Student Team Project Work 129 The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Web Service Component Markets: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Third Wave of Software Marketplaces 165 INTEROPERABILITY Dublin Core and the Alternative Interface Access Protocol 44 ICEIS 2004: Software Agents and Internet Computing 153 INTERSTELLAR GAS High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 INTERSTELLAR MATTER Soft X-ray Absorption Edges in LMXBs 207 INVENTORIES Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 A-23

ION BEAMS Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 IONIZED GASES Soft X-ray Absorption Edges in LMXBs 207 IONIZING RADIATION Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 IONS Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 IRRADIATION Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 ITALY Air-to-Ground Battle for Italy 6 JAVA (PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE) An Intelligent Tutoring System For Database Transaction Processing 123 Embedding JAAS In Java Agent Roles To Apply Local Security Policies 129 Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 JUPITER (PLANET) X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 JUPITER SATELLITES X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 KEPLER LAWS Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant 209 KERNEL FUNCTIONS Sparseness of Support Vector Machines 114 KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems 201 Doctus Intelligent Executive Portal for Business Decisions: Using Hard Data and Soft Knowledge in Doctus Intelligent Portal 170 Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors 142 Hybrid Expert System for the Selection of Rapid Prototyping Processes 152 Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management 148 The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems 200 KNOWLEDGE BASES (ARTIFICIAL IN- TELLIGENCE) Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework 201 KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 KNOWLEDGE Managing e-market Transaction Processes 202 LABORATORIES Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 LAMINATES Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials 184 LANDING AIDS An Experience with the Neural Network for Auto-Landing System of an Aircraft 148 LANGUAGES Modelling Mobile Agent Applications by Extended UML Activity Diagram 134 LASER OUTPUTS Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 LASER SPECTROSCOPY Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 LASERS Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 LATTICE VIBRATIONS Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 LAUNCH VEHICLES A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures 22 LAUNCHING Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 LAW (JURISPRUDENCE) Jurisdiction in B2C E-Commerce Redress 205 LAYOUTS Application Of Neural Networks For Prior Appraisal Of Structural Funds Project Proposals 173 ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 LEAD (METAL) Contamination Assessment of the Awadallah Secondary Lead Smelter at Shoubra el Kheima 66 LEADERSHIP A Collaboration on Collaboration 194 LEG (ANATOMY) Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 LETHALITY Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 LIBRARIES Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Structured Modeling Language for Representing Active Template Libraries (Causal Modeling) 180 LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 LIGHT BEAMS Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 LIGHT SCATTERING Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 LIGHT (VISIBLE RADIATION) Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 LIGHT-CONE EXPANSION QCD Technology: Light-Cone Quantization and Commensurate Scale Relations 183 LIGHTNING Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 LINE SHAPE Shape Descriptor Based on the Line Scan Transform 114 LINEAR OPERATORS Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines 178 A-24

LINEAR PROGRAMMING An Algorithm For Linear Bi-level Programming Problems 119 LINEARITY Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm 116 LINGUISTICS A Symbolic Approach to Linguistic Negation 175 Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 Linguistic Description of Patterns from Mined Images 174 LIPIDS Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 LIQUID METALS A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET EN- GINES In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 LIQUID ROCKET PROPELLANTS Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 LIQUIDS Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 LISA (OBSERVATORY) LISA: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna 71 LITHIUM BATTERIES Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 LOADS (FORCES) Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 LOGIC DESIGN Artificial Intelligence Representations of Multi-Model Based Controllers 119 LOGIC PROGRAMMING Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 LORAN C Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery 143 LOW NOISE Noise Mitigation Controller Tools 4 LOW SPEED WIND TUNNELS DSPFRC - Force and Moment Data Display and Monitoring Program for the Low Speed Wind Tunnel at DSTO 3 LUNGS Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 LYMPHOCYTES Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression 91 LYMPH Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 MACHINE LEARNING A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning 152 A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm 173 Extension of a Theorem of Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart 114 Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines 117 Sparseness of Support Vector Machines- Some Asymptotically Sharp Bounds 115 Sparseness of Support Vector Machines 114 Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 Towards High Dimensional Data Mining With Boosting Of PSVM And Visualization Tools 150 MACHINE TRANSLATION Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders 144 MACROMOLECULES Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 MAGELLANIC CLOUDS Soft X-ray Absorption Edges in LMXBs 207 MAGNETIC CONTROL NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 MAGNETIC FIELDS NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 MAGNETIC MATERIALS Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials 184 MAGNETITE Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials 184 MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 MAGNETOMETERS NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 MAINTAINABILITY Designing Quality Web Applications Using Web Patterns 166 MAINTENANCE Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance 24 MALES Caveolin-1 Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling in Advanced Prostate Cancer 96 Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region 77 TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 A-25

MAMMARY GLANDS Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer 93 Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk 96 Breast Cancer Training Program 89 Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram 105 CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance 101 Cripto: A Target for Breast Cancer Treatment 92 Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer 105 EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors 85 EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast 106 Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer 102 Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 Estrogen and Breast Cancer 98 Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 Role of PTPase LAR in EGF Receptor in the Mammary Gland 94 Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression 91 Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy 81 MAN MACHINE SYSTEMS Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYS- TEMS Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 MANAGEMENT METHODS ASK Magazine 193 Cleaning Out the Closet 195 Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) 169 Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 The Morning Meeting 194 MANAGEMENT PLANNING An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Business Continuity: It s Not Just an IT Recovery Plan. Intergovernmental and Enterprise Approaches 202 MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS A Multi-Server Approach For Distributed Collaborative Knowledge Spaces 161 Agent Based Decentralized Workflow Enactment: Compilation And Transformation Of Workflow Models 127 Decision Follow-Up Support Mechanism Based On Asynchronous Communication 201 Doctus Intelligent Executive Portal for Business Decisions: Using Hard Data and Soft Knowledge in Doctus Intelligent Portal 170 Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Overview of CTAS Research and Development at NASA Ames Research Center 18 Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 MANNED SPACE FLIGHT Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 MANUALS Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual 141 A-26

MANUFACTURING A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework 159 Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 How To Build a Multi-Multi-Agent System: The Agent.Enterprise Approach 120 Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 MAPPING Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences 117 MARKERS The Basal Cell Marker p63 and Prostate Stem Cells 77 MARKET RESEARCH Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents 190 Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects 155 The Assessment of E-Commerce Awareness on Highly Valuable Traditional Products in Thailand 164 MARKETING Federated Mediators For Query Composite Answers 157 MARKOV PROCESSES Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 MARS EXPLORATION Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 MARS (PLANET) Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 MASKS Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 MASS SPECTROSCOPY Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 MATHEMATICAL MODELS A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Blowing in the Wind 214 Building Proven Casual Model Bases for Strategic Decision Support 124 Evolving Optimal Submunition Design for Attacking Relocatable Targets 20 Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 Training a Sigmoidal Node is Hard 112 VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers 118 MATRIX MATERIALS Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATES Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report 117 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS En-Gauging Architectures 139 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior 39 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices 157 MEDICAL PERSONNEL A Concept Analysis of Competency in Nursing 83 MEDICAL SCIENCE Accession Medical Standards Analysis and Research Activity (AMSARA): 2003 Annual Report 78 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 MEDICAL SERVICES An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices 157 Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Human Factors in Telemedicine 76 Increasing Sustained Participation in Free Mass Cancer Screening Clinics 84 MEDICINE Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 MELTING POINTS Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 MENTAL PERFORMANCE Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 METABOLIC DISEASES Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 METABOLISM Estrogen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study 85 Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture 98 METADATA Knowledge Navigation for Virtual Vehicles 137 METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 METALLIC HYDROGEN Metallic Hydrogen and Nano-Tube Magnets 38 METASTABLE STATE Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 A-27

Metallic Hydrogen and Nano-Tube Magnets 38 METASTASIS An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma 80 METEOROIDS Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS Conical Scanning Microwave Imager/Sounder(CMIS) Sensor Requirements Document (SRD) for National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Spacecraft and Sensors 18 METHANE Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study 70 SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 MICE Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice 84 MICROANALYSIS A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations 185 MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYS- TEMS A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration 110 MICROORGANISMS Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration 110 MICROPROCESSORS Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial 50 MICROWAVE IMAGERY Conical Scanning Microwave Imager/Sounder(CMIS) Sensor Requirements Document (SRD) for National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Spacecraft and Sensors 18 MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 Conical Scanning Microwave Imager/Sounder(CMIS) Sensor Requirements Document (SRD) for National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Spacecraft and Sensors 18 MICROWAVES Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 MILITARY OPERATIONS Air-to-Ground Battle for Italy 6 Alternative Futures and Their Implications for Army Modernization 49 Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 MILITARY PERSONNEL Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY L Armement-Recherche civile, Recherche de defense (Armament-Civil and Defense Research) 204 MINDLIN PLATES An Exact Analytical Expression of the Shear Coefficient in the Mindlin Plate Equation 177 MINERALS Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study 70 Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 MIRRORS Future Space Telescope Mirror Technology Requirements 55 MISSILE SYSTEMS Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 MISSILES Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 TWA Flight 800 Missile Impact Analysis 14 MITOCHONDRIA Structural Inheritance in Yeast 86 MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS M-Computing System for Enterprises: A Design Framework 167 MGAIA: Extending The Gala Methodology To Model Mobile Agent Systems 136 MOBILITY Modelling Mobile Agent Applications by Extended UML Activity Diagram 134 Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 MODELS A Model Of Agent Ontologies For B2C e-commerce 166 MODULATION EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast 106 MODULATORS Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Polymer Modulator Contact Poling Guide 51 MOLECULAR GASES High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 MOLECULES Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 MONITORS Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Spectral Monitoring of NGC 1365: Nucleus and Variable ULX 210 MONTE CARLO METHOD A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations 185 MOORING Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 MORPHOLOGY Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior 39 ReSpell Checkgional Morphology Analysis Package (RMAP) 144 MORTALITY Prostate Cancer Mortality in Puerto Rican Men: The Effect of Body Habitus and Physical Activity 99 MOTION SIMULATION Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 MULTIPATH TRANSMISSION Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems 52 MULTISENSOR FUSION Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 A-28

MUTATIONS Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 NANOCRYSTALS Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 NANOFABRICATION A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 NANOSTRUCTURES (DEVICES) Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 NANOTECHNOLOGY Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites 39 NANOTUBES Metallic Hydrogen and Nano-Tube Magnets 38 NASA PROGRAMS Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 28 ASK Magazine 193 Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 NASA Ames ATM Research 8 NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Noise Mitigation Controller Tools 4 NASA SPACE PROGRAMS In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development 25 NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM Interim Strategies for Flying UAVs in the U.S. National Airspace System 15 The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 NATURAL GAS IMTB Program Summary Report 67 NATURAL LANGUAGE (COMPUTERS) Content Oriented Architecture for Consumer-to-Business E-Commerce 166 NAVIGATION AIDS Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery 143 NAVIGATION INSTRUMENTS Information Presentation During Load 17 NAVIGATION Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 Knowledge Navigation for Virtual Vehicles 137 NAVY An Approach to Vulnerability Assessment for Navy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems 145 NEBULAE Blowing in the Wind 214 NETWORK ANALYSIS How To Build a Multi-Multi-Agent System: The Agent.Enterprise Approach 120 Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 Strategic Negotiation Of Bandwidth In Cooperative Networks 27 NETWORKS Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 NEURAL NETS A Comparative Study Of Evolutionary Algorithms For Training Of Elman Recurrent Neural Networks To Predict The Autonomous Indebtedness 174 A Comparison Between The Proportional Keen Approximator And The Neural Networks Learning Methods 173 An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 An Experience with the Neural Network for Auto-Landing System of an Aircraft 148 Application Of Neural Networks For Prior Appraisal Of Structural Funds Project Proposals 173 Building Proven Casual Model Bases for Strategic Decision Support 124 Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Multilayer Perceptrons Technique in Classifying Stocks: A Case Study of Egyptian Stocks Exchange 153 Multiple Organ Failure Diagnosis Using Adverse Events And Neural Networks 122 Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 NEUTRAL PARTICLES Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 NEUTRON DIFFRACTION Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 NEUTRON STARS A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 NICKEL ALLOYS A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 NIOBIUM Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium 29 NITRIDES Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides 35 NITROGEN ATOMS Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 NITROGEN COMPOUNDS Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 NOISE REDUCTION Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools for Noise Mitigation 5 Intelligent Propulsion System Foundation Technology: Summary of Research 27 Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area 1 NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTS Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian 41 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 NONLINEAR EQUATIONS Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 NONLINEARITY Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection 185 NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport 215 NUCLEAR PARTICLES Recent Results in Search for New Physics at the Tevatron (Run I) 184 NUCLEAR PHYSICS Recent Results in Search for New Physics at the Tevatron (Run I) 184 A-29

NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 NUCLEATION The Nucleation and Growth of Protein Crystals 188 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 High Order Numerical Methods for Convection Dominated Problems 176 Mining the Relationships in the Form of the Predisposing Factors and Co- Incident Factors Among Numerical Dynamic Attributes in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Techniques 147 Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Numerical Optimization of Multifunctional Components 177 OBSERVATORIES Time and Frequency Activities at the U.S. Naval Observatory 209 OFFICE AUTOMATION Upgrading an Office Automation Environment: The Army s DCSPER Automation Project 205 OILS Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 ONCOGENES Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 ON-LINE SYSTEMS Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 OPERATIONS RESEARCH Intranet Use: A Study of Five Swedish Organisations 180 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation 186 OPTICAL EQUIPMENT The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 OPTICAL FILTERS Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation 186 OPTICAL MATERIALS Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection 185 OPTICAL MEASUREMENT Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 OPTICAL MEMORY (DATA STORAGE) Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 OPTICAL PROPERTIES Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 OPTIMIZATION Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications 94 Learning Processes and the Role of Technological Networks as an Innovative Challenge 164 Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 Support Vector Machines 180 Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams 192 ORBITAL SERVICING Space Shuttle: Costs for Hubble Servicing Mission and Implementation of Safety. Recommendations Not Yet Definitive 20 ORDNANCE Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid Scoring Record Number 183 56 ORGANIZATIONS A DSS for Assessing Technology Environments 179 Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership 66 Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation 42 OUTLIERS (STATISTICS) Outlier Detection And Visualisation 189 OVARIES Biological Basis for Chemoprevention of Ovarian Cancer 97 OXIDATION Dynamics of O(3P) Reactions with Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Hydrocarbons 36 OXYGENATION Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 OXYGEN Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 Synthesis and Activity of Oxygen- Carrying Heme Peptides 102 OZONE Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 PANEL FLUTTER Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 PANELS Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design 126 PARAMETERIZATION Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 PARSING ALGORITHMS Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders 144 PARTIAL PRESSURE Coal Particle Flow Patterns for O(sub 2) Enriched, Low NO(sub x) Burners 67 PARTICLE ACCELERATION Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS Recent Results in Search for New Physics at the Tevatron (Run I) 184 PARTICLE BEAMS Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 PARTICLE MOTION Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 PARTICULATES Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 62 Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 A-30

PASSENGERS Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 PATIENTS Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician 90 PATTERN RECOGNITION Adaptive Techniques for the Human Faces Detection 171 An XML-Based Bootstrapping Method For Pattern Acquisition 146 Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report 117 Face Pattern Detection 108 Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 Sparseness of Support Vector Machines- Some Asymptotically Sharp Bounds 115 PATTERNS Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 PAYLOADS A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures 22 PENETRATION E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 PEPTIDES New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 Synthesis and Activity of Oxygen- Carrying Heme Peptides 102 PERCEPTION Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 PERCHLORATES Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 PERFORMANCE PREDICTION Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 PERFORMANCE TESTS Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 PERMANENT MAGNETS Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 PERSONALITY A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT A Concept Analysis of Competency in Nursing 83 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT The Morning Meeting 194 PERSONNEL SELECTION Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams 192 PERSONNEL Accession Medical Standards Analysis and Research Activity (AMSARA): 2003 Annual Report 78 An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support 125 Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 Seamless Communication And Access To Information For Mobile Users In A Wireless Environment 43 PERT IMTB Program Summary Report 67 PERTURBATION Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 PHASED ARRAYS High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media 51 PHILIPPINES USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study 72 PHOSPHATES Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 PHOSPHORUS Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 PHOSPHORYLATION Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 PHOTOMETRY Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES CDF Time of Flight Detector 56 PHOTONICS Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 PHYSICAL EXERCISE Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 PHYSICIANS Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician 90 PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 PIGMENTS Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 PILOT ERROR Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts 108 PILOT PERFORMANCE Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts 108 PILOT RATINGS Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 PILOTLESS AIRCRAFT Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Changes in Global Hawk s Acquisition Strategy are Needed to Reduce Program Risks 15 PISTONS Reduced Engine Friction and Wear 59 A-31

PLANETARY SURFACES Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 PLANTING Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 PLANTS (BOTANY) G.R.E.E.N. An Expert System to Identify Gymnosperms 171 PLASMA CONTROL DIII-D Research Operations Annual Report to the U.S. Department of Energy. October 1, 2001 through September 30, 2002 187 PLASMA JETS Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 PLASMA SHEATHS On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 PLASMA TURBULENCE Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 PLASMAS (PHYSICS) The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 PLASMASPHERE The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 PLUMES Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 POISSON DENSITY FUNCTIONS Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 POLARIMETRY Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 POLICIES Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) 169 Embedding JAAS In Java Agent Roles To Apply Local Security Policies 129 Jurisdiction in B2C E-Commerce Redress 205 Reducing Aircraft Down for Lack of Parts with Sporadic Demand 7 Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual 141 POLLUTION CONTROL Analysis of HMG Policies and Regulations Affecting Electrical Vehicles 62 POLLUTION MONITORING Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCAR- BONS Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer 212 POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II 31 POLYMERS Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 The Molecular Design of Smart Polymer Surfaces 39 POLYMORPHISM Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 POLYNOMIALS Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines 115 POLYSTYRENE Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites 39 PORTABLE EQUIPMENT Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 POTABLE WATER Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 POWDER (PARTICLES) Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials 184 PRECIPITATES Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY) Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 PREDICATE LOGIC A Symbolic Approach to Linguistic Negation 175 PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy 182 PREDICTIONS Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 PRELAUNCH PROBLEMS No Launch Before Its Time 196 PREPROCESSING ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Result Comparison of Two Rough Set Based Discretization Algorithms 119 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 PRESSURE EFFECTS Coal Particle Flow Patterns for O(sub 2) Enriched, Low NO(sub x) Burners 67 PREVENTION An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 PRINTED CIRCUITS Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTIONS System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION FUNC- TIONS Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines 117 PROBABILITY THEORY A Logical and Probabilistic Technique for Classification and Dimensionality Reduction for Objects with Categorical Data 176 AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm 173 Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 A-32

Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm 116 Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 PROBLEM SOLVING Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability 171 PROCUREMENT Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition 48 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Multi-Agent Organizational Model For E-Contacting 122 PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 PRODUCTION PLANNING Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 Status and Future Directions of the High Production Volume Challenge Program 30 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES Agent Programming Language with Incomplete Knowledge: AgentSpeak(I) 132 Structured Modeling Language for Representing Active Template Libraries (Causal Modeling) 180 PROJECT MANAGEMENT A Collaboration on Collaboration 194 A Glass Can Be Half Full: Even in Microgravity 194 ASK Magazine 193 Cleaning Out the Closet 195 Managing the Unexpected 195 No Launch Before Its Time 196 Putting Patience to the Test 195 Semantic-Web Technology: Applications at NASA 138 The Morning Meeting 194 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Changes in Global Hawk s Acquisition Strategy are Needed to Reduce Program Risks 15 Warning: Projects May Be Closer than They Appear 194 PROPELLANTS The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications 18 PROPORTIONAL NAVIGATION A Simple Two Aircraft Conflict Resolution Algorithm 8 PROPOSALS Application Of Neural Networks For Prior Appraisal Of Structural Funds Project Proposals 173 PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURA- TIONS In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 PROPULSION Intelligent Propulsion System Foundation Technology: Summary of Research 27 Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 PROSTATE GLAND An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Arginase: A Novel Proliferative Determinant in Prostate Cancer 90 Caveolin-1 Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling in Advanced Prostate Cancer 96 Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Characterization of SIRPs in Prostate Cancer Cells 82 Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice 84 Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 Estrogen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study 85 Exploiting the Innate Antitumor Activity of Human Gamma-Delta T-Cells for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 82 Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Genetic Variation in the HSD3B2 Gene and Prostate Cancer 88 Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma 80 Increasing Sustained Participation in Free Mass Cancer Screening Clinics 84 Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 Mechanisms of VEGF Availability in Prostate Cancer 99 Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race- Ethnicity 106 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 Prostate Cancer Mortality in Puerto Rican Men: The Effect of Body Habitus and Physical Activity 99 Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture 98 Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase in Prostate Cancer Cells 90 Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR- Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells 100 Role of IKKs and Transcription Factor NF-kB in Prostate Tumorigenesis 87 Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region 77 Synthesis of Estrogen Receptor Beta Selective 17-Substituted Estradiols for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 88 The Basal Cell Marker p63 and Prostate Stem Cells 77 TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician 90 Vitamin D Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 96 PROTECTION Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection 185 Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 Simultaneous Connection Management and Protection in a Distributed Multilevel Security Environment 169 Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 PROTEIN CRYSTAL GROWTH A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 The Nucleation and Growth of Protein Crystals 188 A-33

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 PROTEINS A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications 94 Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 Mechanotransduction through Integrins 75 New Forcefields and Algorithms for Computational Protein Design 98 New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase in Prostate Cancer Cells 90 Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 PROTOCOL (COMPUTERS) Heterogeneous Integration Of Services Into An Open, Standardized Web Service: A Web Service-based CSCW/L System 133 Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation 156 Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 Virtual Active IP Node for Collaborative Environments 163 PROTONS Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 PROTOPLANETS Blowing in the Wind 214 PROTOTYPES A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual- Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management 167 Putting Patience to the Test 195 Reduced Engine Friction and Wear 59 PROVING NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 PUBLIC HEALTH Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California 102 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 PULSARS A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 PULSE COMMUNICATION Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 PULSED LASER DEPOSITION Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials 184 PULSED LASERS Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING Support Vector Machines 180 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy 182 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation 182 QUALITY CONTROL Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 Uniform Federal Policy for Quality Assurance Project Plans: Evaluating, Assessing, and Documenting Environmental Data Collection and Use Programs. Part 1. UFP-QAPP Manual 141 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy 182 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation 182 QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS QCD Technology: Light-Cone Quantization and Commensurate Scale Relations 183 QUANTUM DOTS Order Lattices of Quantum Dots 188 QUINOLINE Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 RADAR RECEIVERS Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 RADIATION COUNTERS Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 RADIATION EFFECTS Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport 215 RADIATION PROTECTION Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 RADIATION THERAPY Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy 79 RADIATION TOLERANCE Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 RADIATION TRANSPORT Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport 215 RADIO COMMUNICATION A Network Component Architecture for Collaboration in Mobile Settings 128 RADIO EMISSION A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 RADIO FREQUENCIES A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures 50 Distributed Coherent RF Operations 58 RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems 52 RADIO GALAXIES Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 A-34

RADIO RECEIVERS A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures 50 Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems 52 RADIOISOTOPE HEAT SOURCES Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 28 RADIOMETERS Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 RANDOM PROCESSES Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines 178 RANGE SAFETY Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 RANGEFINDING Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 RAPID PROTOTYPING Hybrid Expert System for the Selection of Rapid Prototyping Processes 152 RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems 73 RATES (PER TIME) DSPFRC - Force and Moment Data Display and Monitoring Program for the Low Speed Wind Tunnel at DSTO 3 RAYLEIGH SCATTERING Non-Rayleigh Reverberation Studies 178 REACTION KINETICS Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 READING Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 REAL TIME OPERATION Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 The Data Flow and Distributed Calculations Intelligence Information Technology for Decision Support System in Real Time 171 RECEIVERS A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures 50 Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases 143 RECOMMENDATIONS Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model 125 RECONNAISSANCE AIRCRAFT RAVEN-2: Around-The-World UAV Project 12 RECONNAISSANCE Reconnaissance System UAV CL 289 Status and Programme Upgrade 11 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 REFRACTIVITY Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial 50 REFRACTORIES Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 REINFORCING FIBERS Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 RELATIONAL DATA BASES Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 RELATIVISTIC EFFECTS Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem 199 RELATIVISTIC PARTICLES Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 RELEASING Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 RELIABILITY ANALYSIS Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 RELIABILITY Designing Quality Web Applications Using Web Patterns 166 Software for Intelligent System Health Management (ISHM) 168 REMOTE SENSING Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 RENEWABLE ENERGY Credit Trading and Power: Issues and Opportunities 65 REPEATERS Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 28 L Armement-Recherche civile, Recherche de defense (Armament-Civil and Defense Research) 204 NASA Ames ATM Research 8 RESEARCH FACILITIES Overview of CTAS Research and Development at NASA Ames Research Center 18 Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 RESOLUTION Using MAS To Solve Producer Customer Transport Problems 147 RESOURCE ALLOCATION Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams 192 RESPIRATORS Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 RESTORATION Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 RETINA Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 RETROFITTING Reconnaissance System UAV CL 289 Status and Programme Upgrade 11 REVENUE High Payoff in Electronic Government. Measuring the Return on E-Government Investments 113 REVERBERATION Non-Rayleigh Reverberation Studies 178 A-35

REYNOLDS NUMBER Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 RHENIUM Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 RING CURRENTS The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 RISK Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk 96 Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 RIVERS Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 ROBOTICS Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 ROBOTS Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots 120 Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 ROBUSTNESS (MATHEMATICS) Agent Based Decentralized Workflow Enactment: Compilation And Transformation Of Workflow Models 127 Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 New Energetic Selection Principle in Differential Evolution 112 Robust, Generalized, Quick and Efficient Agglomerative Clustering 149 RODS Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior 39 ROTARY WING AIRCRAFT Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 ROTOR AERODYNAMICS Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator 1 ROTORS Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 ROUTES En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 RUBBER Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 RUSSIAN FEDERATION The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation 42 RUTHENIUM Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 SACCHAROMYCES Instant Cell Analysis, BioSPICE, Cellular Devices and Exquisite Detection: Towards an Interactive Biology 76 SAFETY A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System 5 SAMPLE RETURN MISSIONS The STARDUST Discovery Mission: Data from the Encounter with Comet Wild 2 and the Expected Sample Return 208 SAMPLING A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures 50 Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 SANDWICH STRUCTURES Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II 31 SAPPHIRE Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 SATELLITE CONTROL Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 SATELLITE IMAGERY System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 SATELLITE INSTRUMENTS SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 SATELLITE OBSERVATION Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 SCALE MODELS A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 SCANNERS Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 SCANNING Shape Descriptor Based on the Line Scan Transform 114 SCHEDULES An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem 199 SCHEDULING A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem 199 SCHOOLS Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION Towards High Dimensional Data Mining With Boosting Of PSVM And Visualization Tools 150 Towards Visual Data Mining 153 Visualizing Software Project Analogies To Support Cost Estimation 152 SCINTILLATION COUNTERS CDF Time of Flight Detector 56 A-36

SCORING Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid Scoring Record Number 183 56 SEA WATER Explosives Detection in Seawater on a Microchip 52 SECURITY Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 Conference on Information Technology (2nd)/Special Session on Homeland Security, Volume 5 205 Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) 169 Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 Simultaneous Connection Management and Protection in a Distributed Multilevel Security Environment 169 Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ReSpell Checkgional Morphology Analysis Package (RMAP) 144 SEEDLINGS (BOTANY) Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 SELECTION New Energetic Selection Principle in Differential Evolution 112 SELF ASSEMBLY A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 SEMANTICS A Feasibility Study Of a Proposed Unified Semantic Infrastructure In The European Construction Sector 135 Agent Programming Language with Incomplete Knowledge: AgentSpeak(I) 132 Comparison of Human and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) Judgements of Pairwise Document Similarities for a News Corpus 139 Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections 150 On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 Towards an Information Assessment Framework for Use with the Semantic Web 127 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation 186 SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 SEMICONDUCTORS (MATERIALS) Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 SENSITIVITY Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells 92 SENSORY FEEDBACK A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 SEQUENCING Mining Sequential Patterns with Regular Expression Constraints Using Sequential Pattern Tree 149 SEYFERT GALAXIES Spectral Monitoring of NGC 1365: Nucleus and Variable ULX 210 SHADOWS Illumination Under Trees 111 SHEAROGRAPHY NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 SHOCK FRONTS Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 SHOCK WAVE INTERACTION Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 SHOCK WAVES Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 SHOULDERS TWA Flight 800 Missile Impact Analysis 14 SIGNAL PROCESSING Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems 52 Mechanotransduction through Integrins 75 Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation 186 Non-Rayleigh Reverberation Studies 178 Signal Processing in a Semi-Active Seeker 48 SIGNATURES Intelligent Electronic Inter-Systemic Contracting: Issues On Contract Formation 161 SILICATES High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp 213 SIMULATION Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks 158 Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) 142 Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media 51 Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 Simulating Clouds with Procedural Texturing Techniques Using the GPU 139 SIMULATORS Information Presentation During Load 17 Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation 156 SIZE DISTRIBUTION Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 SLEEP DEPRIVATION An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 SMELTING Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TOOLS BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 Next Generation CTAS Tools 6 Toolkits Supporting Open Innovation In e-government 166 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Applying Data Mining To Software Development Projects: A Case Study 124 Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 A-37

Incorporating the Elements of the MASE Methodology into Agent Open 165 Integrating Software Agents with the Existing Web Infrastructure 134 Multi-Agent Organizational Model For E-Contacting 122 Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer 133 Software for Intelligent System Health Management (ISHM) 168 Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management 121 Underlying Platform of the e-commerce System: J2EE Versus NET 158 Warning: Projects May Be Closer than They Appear 194 SOFTWARE RELIABILITY Dependability: A Forgotten Aspect In Location-Based Services 133 SOIL MOISTURE Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 SOIL POLLUTION Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 SOILS An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 SOLAR CELLS Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 SOLAR COLLECTORS Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 SOLAR CORONA The APL Time And Frequency Lab 209 SOLAR INSTRUMENTS The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 SOLAR SAILS In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development 25 Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 SOLAR SYSTEM The APL Time And Frequency Lab 209 SOLID ELECTROLYTES Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 SOLIDIFICATION Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 SOLIDIFIED GASES Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 SOLVENTS New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 Solvent Effects on Cesium Complexation with Crown Ethers from Liquid to Supercritical Fluids 29 SONAR Non-Rayleigh Reverberation Studies 178 SPACE COMMERCIALIZATION Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 SPACE COMMUNICATION Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 SPACE ENVIRONMENT SIMULATION Rapid Ascent Simulation at NASA- MSFC 19 SPACE EXPLORATION Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications 18 SPACE INFRARED TELESCOPE FACIL- ITY Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer 212 Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant 209 SPACE LABORATORIES Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 SPACE MISSIONS In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development 25 SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITERS Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 SPACE SHUTTLES Space Shuttle: Costs for Hubble Servicing Mission and Implementation of Safety. Recommendations Not Yet Definitive 20 SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 SPACEBORNE EXPERIMENTS A Glass Can Be Half Full: Even in Microgravity 194 SPACEBORNE TELESCOPES Future Space Telescope Mirror Technology Requirements 55 The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept 110 SPACECRAFT ANTENNAS Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 SPACECRAFT DESIGN A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures 22 Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTS Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations 19 Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 No Launch Before Its Time 196 Rapid Ascent Simulation at NASA- MSFC 19 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development 25 Modeling of Spacecraft Advanced Chemical Propulsion Systems 26 NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 SPACECRAFT RADIATORS NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 SPARE PARTS Reducing Aircraft Down for Lack of Parts with Sporadic Demand 7 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 A-38

SPECTRA Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 SPECTROMETERS Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 SPECTROSCOPY Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant 209 SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 Spectral Monitoring of NGC 1365: Nucleus and Variable ULX 210 SPEECH RECOGNITION Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report 117 SPEECH Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 SPHERICAL WAVES Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 SPHEROMAKS The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 SPILLING Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 STABILITY TESTS Application of Uncertain Variables to Stability Analysis and Stabilization for ABR ATM Congestion Control Systems 113 Stability Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Configuration 17 STABILITY Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 STANDARDIZATION Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid Scoring Record Number 183 56 STARDUST MISSION The STARDUST Discovery Mission: Data from the Encounter with Comet Wild 2 and the Expected Sample Return 208 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce 191 Circular Data Images for Directional Data 178 Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 STATORS A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 STEELS An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 STELLAR MODELS An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 STEM CELLS The Basal Cell Marker p63 and Prostate Stem Cells 77 STEREOSCOPY An Integrated Centroid Finding and Particle Overlap Decomposition Algorithm for Stereo Imaging Velocimetry 138 STIRLING CYCLE Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 STOICHIOMETRY Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides 35 STORABLE PROPELLANTS Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 STORAGE BATTERIES Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 STRAIN MEASUREMENT Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements 60 STRATEGY Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Changes in Global Hawk s Acquisition Strategy are Needed to Reduce Program Risks 15 STRESS (BIOLOGY) Mechanotransduction through Integrins 75 STRESS RELAXATION Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 STRUCTURAL DESIGN Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements 60 Numerical Optimization of Multifunctional Components 177 STRUCTURAL FAILURE Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements 60 STUDENTS An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy 182 Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 Software Agents for Supporting Student Team Project Work 129 SUBMARINES Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 SUBSONIC SPEED Historical Overview of Research on Lift- Generated Vortex Wakes 2 SUBSTITUTES Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 SUBSTRATES Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 SULFUR DIOXIDES Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 SUPERCOOLING A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS Solvent Effects on Cesium Complexation with Crown Ethers from Liquid to Supercritical Fluids 29 SUPERHIGH FREQUENCIES Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 SUPERNOVA REMNANTS A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant 209 SUPPORT SYSTEMS Agent Support for Collaborative Work 156 Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 A-39

SURFACE PROPERTIES The Molecular Design of Smart Polymer Surfaces 39 SURFACE REACTIONS Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 SURGES Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 SURVEILLANCE A Modular, Reconfigurable Surveillance UAV Architecture 11 Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 Reconnaissance System UAV CL 289 Status and Programme Upgrade 11 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 SURVEYS Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 The Assessment of E-Commerce Awareness on Highly Valuable Traditional Products in Thailand 164 U.S. Climate Change Research Initiative (CCRI): Survey of Research Strategies to Reduce Scientific Uncertainties 74 SURVIVAL Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 SYMBOLS A Symbolic Approach to Linguistic Negation 175 SYNCHRONISM Customizable Data Distribution for Synchronous Groupware 130 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 SYNTHESIS (CHEMISTRY) Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 SYNTHESIZERS Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? 49 SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS En-Gauging Architectures 139 Intranet Use: A Study of Five Swedish Organisations 180 Simultaneous Connection Management and Protection in a Distributed Multilevel Security Environment 169 SYSTEMS ENGINEERING Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 Content Oriented Architecture for Consumer-to-Business E-Commerce 166 Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 Dragon Drone UAV System 11 HERMES 180 UAV Development Program 11 Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 M-Computing System for Enterprises: A Design Framework 167 Object-Process Methodology Applied to Agent Design 156 Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems 122 Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition 48 SYSTEMS INTEGRATION Acquisition of Integrated Testing System for Civil Construction Materials and Structures. Phase I and II 60 Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework 159 Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Integrating Software Agents with the Existing Web Infrastructure 134 Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations 19 ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 SYSTEMS SIMULATION Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 TAKEOFF Historical Overview of Research on Lift- Generated Vortex Wakes 2 TANKER AIRCRAFT Tanker Force Structure: Recapitalization of the KC-135 13 TARGET ACQUISITION Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition 140 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 TARGET RECOGNITION Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition 140 TARGETS Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Cripto: A Target for Breast Cancer Treatment 92 Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? 49 Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Evolving Optimal Submunition Design for Attacking Relocatable Targets 20 Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 Reconnaissance System UAV CL 289 Status and Programme Upgrade 11 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 TASKS Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem 199 Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 TEAMS Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support 125 Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams 192 TECHNOLOGIES Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development 25 A-40

NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION A Recorded State Mechanism For Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts 158 Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 28 Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications 18 TELECOMMUNICATION Dynamic Diagnosis of Active Systems with Fragmented Observations 150 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, 94083, St. Louis, Missouri 47 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California 46 The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 TELEMEDICINE An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices 157 Human Factors in Telemedicine 76 TELEVISION SYSTEMS Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California 46 TELLURIUM Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 TEMPERATURE CONTROL NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 TEMPLATES Structured Modeling Language for Representing Active Template Libraries (Causal Modeling) 180 TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 TEMPORAL LOGIC Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 TERRAIN Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 TERRORISM General Aviation Security: Increased Federal Oversight Is Needed, but Continued Partnership with the Private Sector Is Critical to Long-Term Success 8 TEST FACILITIES Rapid Ascent Simulation at NASA- MSFC 19 Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 TEST STANDS A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures 22 TETRACYCLINES An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 TEXTS Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 TEXTURES Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium 29 THEOREMS Concentration of the Hypergeometric Distribution 115 Extension of a Theorem of Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart 114 THERAPY Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy 79 Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 Treatment for Recurrent Vulvovaginitis Candidiasis: An Overview of Traditional and Alternative Therapies 97 THERMAL INSULATION Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 THERMAL RADIATION Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 THERMOCHEMISTRY Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 THERMODYNAMICS CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 28 THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 THIN FILMS Ball Designs Drag Device for Future Moon-Mars Exploration 21 Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 THREE DIMENSIONAL MODELS Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 THRESHOLD LOGIC Training a Sigmoidal Node is Hard 112 THRUST CONTROL Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 TILT ROTOR AIRCRAFT First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator 1 TILT WING AIRCRAFT Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator 1 TIME LAG An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 TIME MEASUREMENT Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 A-41

TIME SERIES ANALYSIS An Efficient Framework For Iterative Time-Series Trend Mining 197 Mining the Relationship in the Form of Predisposing Factor and Co-Incident in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Ideas with a New Idea from the Fact in The Chemical Reaction 151 Mining the Relationships in the Form of the Predisposing Factors and Co- Incident Factors Among Numerical Dynamic Attributes in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Techniques 147 Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 TIME SIGNALS Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 TITANIUM ALLOYS A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion 38 TOMOGRAPHY Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer 102 Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian 41 TOPOGRAPHY South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects 155 TOPOLOGY Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Quality Control Using Fuzzy Rule Based Classification Systems 192 The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management 148 TOXICITY Discussion of Asbestos Detection Techniques for Air and Soil 65 Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 TRACE ELEMENTS Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 TRACKING NETWORKS Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information 125 TRAFFIC CONTROL The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 TRAFFIC Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology 45 TRAINING DEVICES Can Avatars Replace The Trainer? A Case Study Evaluation 131 TRANSFERRED ELECTRON DEVICES Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository 155 TRANSFORMATIONS (MATHEMATICS) Fat-Shattering of Affine Functions 115 Shape Descriptor Based on the Line Scan Transform 114 TRANSFORMERS Development Of Expert System For Detecting Incipient Faults In Transformer By Using Dissolved Gas Analysis 200 TRANSPONDERS Wireless Mine-Wide Telecommunications Technology 43 TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT C-17 Test Data Archive Effort 14 Historical Overview of Research on Lift- Generated Vortex Wakes 2 TRANSPORTATION Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology 45 TREES (PLANTS) Illumination Under Trees 111 TREND ANALYSIS An Efficient Framework For Iterative Time-Series Trend Mining 197 TRENDS An Efficient Framework For Iterative Time-Series Trend Mining 197 TRMM SATELLITE Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 TROPICAL METEOROLOGY How Consistent are Recent Variations in the Tropical Energy and Water Cycle Resolved by Satellite Measurements? 61 TROPOSPHERE Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 TUMORS Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice 84 EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors 85 Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy 79 Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR- Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells 100 Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression 91 TUNABLE LASERS Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 TURBINE ENGINES Intelligent Propulsion System Foundation Technology: Summary of Research 27 TURBOFAN ENGINES Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 TWO PHASE FLOW Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 TYROSINE Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 UH-60A HELICOPTER In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 ULTRASONICS Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 A-42

ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 UNCERTAIN SYSTEMS Application of Uncertain Variables to Stability Analysis and Stabilization for ABR ATM Congestion Control Systems 113 Dynamic Diagnosis of Active Systems with Fragmented Observations 150 UNITED STATES An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy 182 Interim Strategies for Flying UAVs in the U.S. National Airspace System 15 UNSTEADY FLOW Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 USER REQUIREMENTS Knowledge Management and Its Application to Improve Workflow 191 Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model 125 U.S.S.R. SPACE PROGRAM Rockets and People 216 VACCINES Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 VANADIUM ALLOYS Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion 38 VAPORS Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 VASIMR (PROPULSION SYSTEM) Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 VECTOR ANALYSIS Support Vector Machines 180 VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers 118 VECTOR PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Towards High Dimensional Data Mining With Boosting Of PSVM And Visualization Tools 150 VECTORS (MATHEMATICS) Circular Data Images for Directional Data 178 Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION Blowing in the Wind 214 Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry 52 VELOCITY MEASUREMENT An Integrated Centroid Finding and Particle Overlap Decomposition Algorithm for Stereo Imaging Velocimetry 138 Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry 52 VERTICAL TAKEOFF AIRCRAFT Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV 10 VERY LONG BASELINE ARRAY (VLBA) Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 VIBRATION MEASUREMENT A Glass Can Be Half Full: Even in Microgravity 194 Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 VIBRATION Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 VIDEO COMMUNICATION Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Tri-State Network Demonstration Project, 94068. Starkville, Mississippi 46 VIDEO DATA Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 VIDEO EQUIPMENT Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 VIRIAL COEFFICIENTS Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 VIRTUAL REALITY A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual- Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management 167 A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 VIRUSES Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System 99 Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR- Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells 100 Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 VISCOSITY Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 VISORS Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 VISUAL ACUITY Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 VITAMINS Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 VORTICES Aircraft Spacings that Produce a Vortex- Free Region Below Flight Formation 16 Historical Overview of Research on Lift- Generated Vortex Wakes 2 VOTING Majority Voting In Stable Marriage Problem With Couples 189 Structural Inertia Of Voting Systems 174 VULNERABILITY An Approach to Vulnerability Assessment for Navy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems 145 WARFARE Non-Lethal Weaponry: From Tactical to Strategic Applications 57 WARHEADS Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 WARNING SYSTEMS Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 Outlier Detection And Visualisation 189 WATER FLOW Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 WATER TUNNEL TESTS Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 WATER Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 A-43

WAVE EQUATIONS An Exact Analytical Expression of the Shear Coefficient in the Mindlin Plate Equation 177 WAVELENGTHS Nonlinear Longitudinal Waves in High Energy Stored Beams 184 WEBSITES A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Designing Quality Web Applications Using Web Patterns 166 Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California 46 From Corba to Web Services Composition 160 GridBlocks: Web Portal and Client for Distributed Computing 121 Integrating Software Agents with the Existing Web Infrastructure 134 Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer 133 Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model 125 Principles For Creating Web Sites: A Design Perspective 168 Semantic-Web Technology: Applications at NASA 138 Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 U.S. Centennial of Flight Commision: Born of Dreams - Inspired by Freedom 215 WEIBEL INSTABILITY Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 WIDE AREA NETWORKS Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository 155 WILD 2 COMET The STARDUST Discovery Mission: Data from the Encounter with Comet Wild 2 and the Expected Sample Return 208 WIND (METEOROLOGY) Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 WIND TUNNELS DSPFRC - Force and Moment Data Display and Monitoring Program for the Low Speed Wind Tunnel at DSTO 3 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Recent Research and Future Directions in Mobile Agents for Mobile Devices 164 Wireless Mine-Wide Telecommunications Technology 43 Wireless Technology in Government 45 WORLD WIDE WEB Analysis of Priority and Partitioning Effects on Web Crawling Performance 155 Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Antecedents of Successful Web Based Communities for Disabled Citizens 159 Composition of Web Services in the ICS Architecture 166 Designing a Web-Based Application Framework 135 Incorporating the Elements of the MASE Methodology into Agent Open 165 Modeling Web Services Interoperability 135 On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model 125 Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Underlying Platform of the e-commerce System: J2EE Versus NET 158 Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web 163 Web Service Component Markets: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Third Wave of Software Marketplaces 165 X RAY ABSORPTION Soft X-ray Absorption Edges in LMXBs 207 X RAY ASTRONOMY X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 X RAY BINARIES Soft X-ray Absorption Edges in LMXBs 207 X RAY DIFFRACTION Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium 29 X RAY SOURCES A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 X RAY SPECTROMETERS X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 X RAY TIMING EXPLORER Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 X RAYS Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 XV-15 AIRCRAFT First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 YEAST Instant Cell Analysis, BioSPICE, Cellular Devices and Exquisite Detection: Towards an Interactive Biology 76 Structural Inheritance in Yeast 86 ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 A-44

Personal Index Abdelaal, Medhat Multilayer Perceptrons Technique in Classifying Stocks: A Case Study of Egyptian Stocks Exchange 153 Abdelkafi, Nizar Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Abdessalem, Talel Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web 126 Abraham, Douglas A. Non-Rayleigh Reverberation Studies 178 Abushagur, M. A. G. A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 Acree, C. W., Jr. Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator 1 Adamson, Eileen D. Cripto: A Target for Breast Cancer Treatment 92 Adamson, Kenny Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 Addison, M. USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study 72 Adelgren, Russell The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 Adrian, M. L. The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 Affolderbach, C. Development of New RB Clocks in Observatoire De Neuchatel 42 Africa, Colby Warning: Projects May Be Closer than They Appear 194 Aftosmis, Michael J. On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design 126 Agnew, S. R. Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium 29 Agrawal, Manish Design and Evaluation of Software Agents for Online Negotiations 136 Aguilar-Ruiz, Jesus S. Databases Reduction 152 Akdag, Herman Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 Akos, Dennis M. A Comparison of Direct RF Sampling and Down-Convert and Sampling Global Positioning System (GPS) Front End Receiver Architectures 50 Alahakoon, Damminda BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 Alajbegovic, Ales Hydrodynamic Modeling for Stationary Breaking Waves 54 Alam, M. S. Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition 140 Alampalli, S. Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements 60 Alena, Richard I. Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 Alexander, Leslie A. Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 Alexander, Leslie NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Alfuraih, Saleh Trusted e-mail: A Proposed Approach To Prevent Credit Card Fraud in Soft- Products E-Commerce 167 Alhaji, Reda Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents 190 Allamandola, L. J. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer 212 Allinen, Minna Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Al-Shrouf, Faiz An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce 191 Alvarez, Victoria Pachon Practical Application of KDD Techniques to an Industrial Process 30 Amaral, Leonardo Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Amatucci, William E. On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 Amghar, Youssef Ontology-Based Framework For Document Indexing 199 Amirat, Yacine Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 Amison-Agbolosu, S. J. Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems 73 Anavatti, Sreenatha An Experience with the Neural Network for Auto-Landing System of an Aircraft 148 Andrade, Francisco Intelligent Electronic Inter-Systemic Contracting: Issues On Contract Formation 161 Andreou, Andreas S. Designing Quality Web Applications Using Web Patterns 166 Anjum, Almas A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 Anthony, Josia E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 Arkin, Adam P. Instant Cell Analysis, BioSPICE, Cellular Devices and Exquisite Detection: Towards an Interactive Biology 76 Arlen, Philip M. Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Armstrong, Katrina Treatment Decisions in Localized Prostate Cancer: Patient Partner and Physician 90 Arn, Krissa E. Design of a Non-Contact Vibration Measurement and Analysis System for Electronic Board Testing 141 Arrieta, Jimena Rodriquez A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 Artho, Cyrille Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors 137 B-1

Arzoumanian, Zaven A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Ashish, Naveen Semantic-Web Technology: Applications at NASA 138 Ashley, P. R. A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 Atassi, M. Z. Synthesis and Activity of Oxygen- Carrying Heme Peptides 102 Atkins, Anthony Developing Intranet and Extranet Business Application for a Large Travel Agent 162 Auer, Martin Visualizing Software Project Analogies To Support Cost Estimation 152 Awwal, A. A. S. Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition 140 Ayad, Ayad Fekry Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 Azevedo, Americo Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 Azevedo, Paulo Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support 125 Bach, Thanh Le On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 Bachman, Tovey C. Reducing Aircraft Down for Lack of Parts with Sporadic Demand 7 Baesens, Bart Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 Web Usage Mining with Time Constrained Association Rules 125 Baggett, Randy M. NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Bahloul, D. Ontology-Based Framework For Document Indexing 199 Bailey, Nathan R. Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 Bailon, Antonio B. A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning 152 Bailon, Antonio G.R.E.E.N. An Expert System to Identify Gymnosperms 171 Baina, Karim A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 Bakar, Kamalrulnizam Abu A Recorded State Mechanism For Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts 158 Balatos, Achilleas Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 Balazs, Anna C. Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior 39 Baldrey, K. E. Advanced Flue Gas Conditioning as a Retrofit Upgrade to Enhance PM Collection from Coal-Fired Electric Utility Boilers 65 Baluz, Carlos Roberto Composition of Web Services in the ICS Architecture 166 Balzer, Robert M. En-Gauging Architectures 139 Ban, H. Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 Bang, Jounghae Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework 201 Bangert, David Human Factors in Telemedicine 76 Bank, Bjorn Intranet Use: A Study of Five Swedish Organisations 180 Banks, H. T. An Electromagnetic/Acoustic Propagation Experiment 184 Banos, Jose A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Baracskai, Zoltan Doctus Intelligent Executive Portal for Business Decisions: Using Hard Data and Soft Knowledge in Doctus Intelligent Portal 170 Barbato, Maryann H. Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 Barcellos-Hoff, Mary H. Basis of Persistent Microenvironment Perturbation in Irradiated Human Mammary Epithelial Cells 103 Bardina, Jorge Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations 19 Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 Barghouty, A. F. Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport 215 Barker, Jeff Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks 158 Barker, Ken An Efficient Framework For Iterative Time-Series Trend Mining 197 Barringer, Howard Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 Barros, J. Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 Barsky, Sanford H. The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening 88 Barton, C. Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 Batten, Brian K. ReSpell Checkgional Morphology Analysis Package (RMAP) 144 Bauch, A. An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency 42 Baykal, Ozgur Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents 190 Beard, Ronald L. Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 Becker, J. An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency 42 Becker, Werner A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Belcher, Jeremy A. Modeling of Spacecraft Advanced Chemical Propulsion Systems 26 Belkahla, Olfa A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 B-2

Belot, S. SINOVIA: An Open Approach for Heterogeneous ISR Systems Inter- Operability 11 Belsis, Petros Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 Benali, Khalid A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 Bendahan, Samuel A DSS for Assessing Technology Environments 179 Bendou, Mohamed Learning Bayesian Networks with Largest Chain Graphs 119 Benfield, Michael P. J. In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 Modeling of Spacecraft Advanced Chemical Propulsion Systems 26 Bengtson, Roger Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 Benjamin, Stan Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 Bensebaa, Tahar A Cooperative Learning Multi-Agent System 131 Berchuck, Andrew Biological Basis for Chemoprevention of Ovarian Cancer 97 Berger, R. C. Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 Bergin, S. Annual Report for the Ultra-Clean Fischer-Tropsch Fuels Production and Demonstration Project 24 Bergman, Eric A. Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 Berlanga, Rafael Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects 199 Bernstein, M. P. Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 Berry, M. Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 Bertoline, Joseph Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 Besenbruch, G. E. Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 Beverly, Milton Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 Bhartia, P. K. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Biere, Armin Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors 137 Biggs, Casey Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery 143 Billings, R. Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts 64 Billy, Mathilde Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability 171 Bindlish, Rajat Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Blackwell, David D. On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 Blake, Donna W. Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 Blandford, Adam DSPFRC - Force and Moment Data Display and Monitoring Program for the Low Speed Wind Tunnel at DSTO 3 Blecker, Thorsten Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Blumenthal, Daniel J. Multi-Spectral Optical Techniques for Communication and Computation 186 Boatz, Jerry Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 Boccippio, Dennis J. Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 Boehm, Barry Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors 142 Boettcher, M. Simultaneous Multiwavelength Monitoring of 3C66A 210 Bonamente, Massimillano Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 Bone, Randall Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 Bonometti, Joseph A. NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Boothman, David A. Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 Bopp, Thomas A Multi-Server Approach For Distributed Collaborative Knowledge Spaces 161 Borges, Helder Problems Resolution In MATHNET System 151 Borges, Thyago Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Bortolon, Andre Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 Borwankar, A. D. Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 Bosch, David Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Bott, Richard TWA Flight 800 Missile Impact Analysis 14 Bottin, Robert R., Jr. Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 Bouchaffra, Djamel Bayesian Network Classifiers Versus K-NN Classifier Using Sequential Feature Selection 182 Bouchet, Patrice Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Boudjeloud, Lydia Outlier Detection And Visualisation 189 B-3

Bovbjerg, Dana H. Inherited Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in Healthy Women: Mutation in Breast Cancer Genes, Immune Surveillance, and Psychological Distress 84 Bradshaw, R. C. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Brahm, Daniel A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Brand, Adam J. Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 Brashear, Wayne T. Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 Braun, A. M. End Resonances for Atomic Clocks 37 Bredin, Jonathan Strategic Negotiation Of Bandwidth In Cooperative Networks 27 Breizman, Boris Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 Brence, John R. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation 182 Brewer, David N. Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 Brickner, Michael S. Pilot Study: System Model of Situation Awareness: Sensemaking and Decision Making in Command and Control 48 Brodsky, S. J. QCD Technology: Light-Cone Quantization and Commensurate Scale Relations 183 Bronk, Burt V. Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 Brown, L. C. Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 Brown, Myles A. Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer 105 Brueckner, Sven Agents Overcoming Resource Independent Scaling Threats 181 Bruns, Ralf Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 Brussee, Rogier Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 Bruyninx, C. Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases 143 Buchsbaum, Donald J. Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy 81 Budunova, Irina Role of IKKs and Transcription Factor NF-kB in Prostate Tumorigenesis 87 Buenneke, Richard Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 Bueno, Tania Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 Bui, Tung M-Computing System for Enterprises: A Design Framework 167 Bunnell, John Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Burleigh, Chris RAVEN-2: Around-The-World UAV Project 12 Burmester, Mike Secure Tactical Mobile Intelligent Agents 47 Byers, Dave Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 Byers, David C. In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 Cabrera, S. CDF Time of Flight Detector 56 Cabri, Giacomo Embedding JAAS In Java Agent Roles To Apply Local Security Policies 129 Calero, J. An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Camargo, Maria Emilia Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 Cameiro, Tiago ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Cameiro, Victor Virtual Active IP Node for Collaborative Environments 163 Cameron, W. Scott Cleaning Out the Closet 195 Camilo, Fernando A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Campbell, Lee E. Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 Camponovo, Giovanni A DSS for Assessing Technology Environments 179 Canfield, Stephen Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 Cannon, A. Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 Simple Classifiers 114 Cannon, M. Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 Shape Descriptor Based on the Line Scan Transform 114 Cao, Yang A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 Capalbo, S. M. Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership 66 Cardoso, Rafael Cunha Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web 163 Carlander, O. Future Interaction Cocepts, Land-Sea- Interactive Examples 44 Carlegrim, B. Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 Carlstrom, John E. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 Carneiro, Alberto Learning Processes and the Role of Technological Networks as an Innovative Challenge 164 Carpenter, P. K. A Comparison of Experimental EPMA Data and Monte Carlo Simulations 185 Carr, T. R. Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MID- CARB) 68 B-4

Carr, Walter Submarine Information Organization and Prioritization and Submarine Officer of the Deck Experience 204 Carrapaloso, Eurico Using Mobile Agents to Search for Distributed Invisible Information 134 Carrasco, Cesar Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 Carreras, Francesc Structural Inertia Of Voting Systems 174 Carrington, Connie A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures 22 Cassady, Rachel S. Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 Castilho, Wagner Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 CastroSanchez, Jose Jesus A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Catalina, A. V. Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Catanzaro, Jean M. Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 Cecchine, Gary Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 Cecil, Daniel J. Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 Celano, Tom Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery 143 Cesar, Edison M. Strategies for Defining the Army s Objective Vision of Command and Control for the 21st Century 49 Cetel, A. Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Cha, Soyoung S. Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry 52 Chance, K. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Chance, Kelly SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 Chandrashekhara, K. Acquisition of Integrated Testing System for Civil Construction Materials and Structures. Phase I and II 60 Soy-based Composite Sandwich Structures Phase I and II 31 Chang, P. C. Time Domain Frequency Stability Estimation Based On FFT Measurements 177 Chang, Shun-Fa Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework 159 Chang-Diaz, Franklin Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 Chao, Y. C. Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 Chari, Kaushai Design and Evaluation of Software Agents for Online Negotiations 136 Charles, P. H. Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition 48 Chatterji, Gano B. A Simple Two Aircraft Conflict Resolution Algorithm 8 Chatterji, S. Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 Chaudhuri, Sanwat Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 Chavers, Greg Momentum Flux Measurements Using an Impact Thrust Stand 27 Chen, Dan Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System 99 Chen, E. CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 Chen, Jianzhong Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 Cheng, Dong Federated Mediators For Query Composite Answers 157 Chertok, Boris E. Rockets and People 216 Chevalier, Christine T. Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial 50 Chevtsov, P. Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 Chittayasothorn, Suphamit The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems 200 Christa, Scott E. Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Chryssotmodis, C. Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 Chua, Seng Hoong E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 Chung, William Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Cistriani, Luca A Modular, Reconfigurable Surveillance UAV Architecture 11 Clarke, Robert CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance 101 Cleary, Margot P. Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice 84 Clewell, Rebecca A. Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 Cobb, S. Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 Cobleigh, Brent A Collaboration on Collaboration 194 Coelho, Pedro Gouvea ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Colace, Francesco A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 B-5

Cole, John W. Metallic Hydrogen and Nano-Tube Magnets 38 Cole, Rod Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 Coleman, Thomas Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Collins, Greg E. Explosives Detection in Seawater on a Microchip 52 Colombano, Silvano Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 Conradie, Pieter Warehousing and Mining of Higher Education Data: Using Existing Data to Manage Quality 120 Conteras, Waldo Fajardo An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 Cooke, William J. Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 Cooper, J. F. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Coppenbarger, Richard En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 Cortez, Paulo Multiple Organ Failure Diagnosis Using Adverse Events And Neural Networks 122 Costa, Carlos E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement 129 Costa, Danilo Nogueira Adaptive Techniques for the Human Faces Detection 171 Costa, J. Paulo Principles For Creating Web Sites: A Design Perspective 168 Costa, Paulo The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 Costabile, Maria Francesca A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 Cota, Manuel Perez The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 Cowan, Kenneth H. Breast Cancer Training Program 89 Coyette, Adrien Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 Crespo, Carlos J. Prostate Cancer Mortality in Puerto Rican Men: The Effect of Body Habitus and Physical Activity 99 Crespo, Luis Vilan The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 Criswell, Tracy L. Investigating the Role of Nuclear Clustering (nclu) in Lethality and Genomic Instability in Paclitaxel (taxol) - Treated Human Breast Cancer Cells 81 Crumbley, Tim Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management 121 Cuellar, Manuel Pagalar An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 Cuellar, Manuel-Pegalajar A Comparative Study Of Evolutionary Algorithms For Training Of Elman Recurrent Neural Networks To Predict The Autonomous Indebtedness 174 Cullinane, J. T. CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 Curtis,J.S. Coal Particle Flow Patterns for O(sub 2) Enriched, Low NO(sub x) Burners 67 Cuzzi, Jeffrey N. Blowing in the Wind 214 dafonsecadesouza, Fernando Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web 163 Dahut, William Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 D Amore, Patricia A. EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors 85 Dang, Tung Knowledge Management and Its Application to Improve Workflow 191 Using MAS To Solve Producer Customer Transport Problems 147 Danger, Roxana Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects 199 Danishefsky, Samuel J. Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 Darussman, Abu Hassan E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 Dasgupta, D. Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 Dateo, Christopher E. Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 David, Leonard Ball Designs Drag Device for Future Moon-Mars Exploration 21 Davis, J. M. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Davis, Marty Managing the Unexpected 195 Davis, Thomas J. The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 Day, A. Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 Day, Greg A High-Energy Technology Demonstration Platform: The First Step in a Stepping Stones Approach to Energy-Rich Space Infrastructures 22 deantonio, Angelica Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 Debenham, John Managing e-market Transaction Processes 202 Defraigne, P. Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases 143 Degemmis, Marco A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 DeGennaro, Robert A. Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 delasen, Manuel Artificial Intelligence Representations of Multi-Model Based Controllers 119 delatorre, Jose Maria A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning 152 B-6

Delgado, G. An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Delgado, Miguel A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning 152 Delp, W. W. Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 Demko, Rikako Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 Dendler, S. A. Dynamic Compaction Facility Test Report 63 Denery, Dallas G. NASA Ames ATM Research 8 DeSanto, Massimo A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 DesMarais, David Earth s Early Biosphere and the Biogeochemical Carbon Cycle 70 Deters, Ralph Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation 156 Detoma, Edoardo Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 Dever, Timothy Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Dewhirst, Mark W. Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 Dhinaharan, Beatice Cynthia Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Dhindaw, B. K. Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Dholakia, Nikhilesh Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework 201 South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects 155 Dholakia, Ruby Roy Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework 201 Dholakia, Rudy South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects 155 Dhote, Nitin Keshao Development Of Expert System For Detecting Incipient Faults In Transformer By Using Dissolved Gas Analysis 200 Dias, Maria An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems 201 Dickerson, C. E. Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition 48 Dieng-Kuntz, Rose On Ontology Matching Problems (For Building a Corporate Semantic Web in a Multi-Communities Organization) 168 DiezSanches, Ana Isabel The Impact of the Communication and Information Technologies in the Educational System: Case Study of North of Portugal and South of Galicia 136 Ding, Hao Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 Diniz, Antonia Sonia Cardoso Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Dissanayake, Parakrama BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 Do, T. Tung Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 Do, Thanh-Nghi Towards High Dimensional Data Mining With Boosting Of PSVM And Visualization Tools 150 Doft, F. Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 Doherty, Bernard S. A Recorded State Mechanism For Protecting Mobile Agents Against Malicious Hosts 158 Doktor, Robert Human Factors in Telemedicine 76 doprado, Hercules Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 Dorland, W. Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 Doster, Jason The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 Douglas, Paul An Intelligent Tutoring System For Database Transaction Processing 123 Dowding, John Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 Dragonette, R. A. The APL Time And Frequency Lab 209 Drake, Gregory W. Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 Drakopoulos, Iannis Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 Dranca, Lacramioara A Wireless Application that Monitors ECG Signals 43 Dreshfield, R. Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Dreyfuss, David Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 Du, Li Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 Dudkin, Vadim Targeting Breast Cancer by Active Immunotherapy: Chemical Synthesis of Multiantigenic Unimolecular Antitumor Vaccines 105 Duell, J. Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 Duhl, D. Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Duizith, Jose Luiz A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Dunkel, Juergen Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 DuPuis, Patty Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 Dvornikov, A. Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection 185 Dyson, Rodger W. Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 B-7

Eagar, Mark Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 Ebara, Yasuo The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Ebmann, Bernd A Network Component Architecture for Collaboration in Mobile Settings 128 Edlund, Stefan Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information 125 Edwards, David L. Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 Edwards, Dean P. Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Training Program in Breast Cancer Research 104 Edwards, Thomas A. Overview of CTAS Research and Development at NASA Ames Research Center 18 Eichenberg, Dennis J. Baseline Testing of Ultracapacitors for the Next Generation Launch Technology (NGLT) Project 41 Ekhorutomwen, S. A. Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 El Fattah, Yousri M. Structured Modeling Language for Representing Active Template Libraries (Causal Modeling) 180 Elia, Elie E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 Ellis, Heidi An Analysis of Variation in Teaching Effort Across Tasks in Online and Traditional Courses 216 Towards an Information Assessment Framework for Use with the Semantic Web 127 El-Sayed, Mazen A Symbolic Approach to Linguistic Negation 175 Elsner, R. F. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Elsner, Ronald F. A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Elsweiler, David BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 Engdahl, Eric R. Identification and Validation of Reference Events Within the Area Regionally Monitored by IMS Stations in Asia and North Africa 71 English, J. M. A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 Ennigrou, Meriem Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem 199 Eriksson, L. Information Presentation During Load 17 Erzberger, Heinz A Vision of the Future Air Traffic Control System 5 Next Generation CTAS Tools 6 Eskridge, Richard The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 Esmin, Ahmed ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Espino, Luis A. Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 Estlin, Tara Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 Evanich, Peggy L. Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 Evans, D. L. U.S. Climate Change Research Initiative (CCRI): Survey of Research Strategies to Reduce Scientific Uncertainties 74 Evans, T. E. DIII-D Research Operations Annual Report to the U.S. Department of Energy. October 1, 2001 through September 30, 2002 187 Evans, Thomas W. Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 Ezziane, Zoheir Object-Process Methodology Applied to Agent Design 156 Fabbiano, G. Spectral Monitoring of NGC 1365: Nucleus and Variable ULX 210 Fabry, V. J. Calcium Carbonate Production by Coccolithophorid Algae in Long Term, Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 67 Fallah-Seghrouchni, Amal El Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 Fanjoy, J. Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts 64 Farag, Aly A. Multimodality Image Fusion for 3-D Model Building with Applications 179 Farazmand, Emad egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 Farias, Gilnei Barroco FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information 128 Faulkner, Stephane Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 Feldman, David Vitamin D Treatment of Prostate Cancer: The Inhibitory Role of IGFBP-3 96 Felfernig, Alexander Toolkits Supporting Open Innovation In e-government 166 Felt, Scott Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 Felton, James S. Quantifying the Effects of Preventive Foods on the Metabolism of a Prostate Carcinogen in Humans and in Prostate Cells Grown in Culture 98 Feoktistov, Vitaliy New Energetic Selection Principle in Differential Evolution 112 Ferguson, Cynthia K. A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 Ferguson, John BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 Fernandez, J. CDF Time of Flight Detector 56 Ferneley, Elaine Can Avatars Replace The Trainer? A Case Study Evaluation 131 Fernsler, Richard F. On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 Ferreira, Hugo Miguel Mendes Agent Based Decentralized Workflow Enactment: Compilation And Transformation Of Workflow Models 127 B-8

Ferreira, Paulo Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository 155 Ferreira, Vania Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 Field, Robert W. Long-Lived, Energetic States of Small Molecules: Spectroscopy, Pattern Recognition, and Formation/Destruction Mechanisms 172 Filho, Walter Priesnitz Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 Fimognan, Peter The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 Finnie, Gavin Adaptive Agents For Supply Networks 158 Fiore, C. L. Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 Fishman, G. J. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Fisk, W. J. Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 Flores, Cecilia Dias AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 Flores, M. D. Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 Floros, Matthew W. Stability Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Configuration 17 Flusche, Brian M. Polymer Modulator Contact Poling Guide 51 Foggia, Pasquale A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 Fong, Terrence Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 Fontaine, M. D. Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology 45 Forgionne, Guisseppi Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning 191 Formenti, Silvia C. Hypo-Fractionated Conformal Radiation Therapy to the Tumor Bed After Segmental Mastectomy 79 Forsythe, Elizabeth Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 Fortson, F. L. Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 Fothergill, David M. Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 Fotzo, Hermine Njike Information Access Via Topic Hierarchies And Thematic Annotations From Document Collections 150 Fourkas, John T. Request for Funds for the Purchase of a Broadly Tunable Ti:Sapphire Laser for Research in High-Density Optical Memory 57 Fouts, D. J. Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? 49 Franco, Layda Agosto A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media 160 Frankovic, Baltazar Knowledge Management and Its Application to Improve Workflow 191 Using MAS To Solve Producer Customer Transport Problems 147 Fredley, Joseph E. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 French, J. Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 Freudenheim, Jo. L. Environmental Exposures at Birth and at Menarche and Risk of Breast Cancer 95 Freyberger, A. P. Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 Friedrich, Gerhard Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Frost, Chad R. In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 Fu, Li-Chen Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework 159 Fugate, M. Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection 118 Detecting Attacks in Computer Networks 47 Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 Funk, J. E. Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 Fuqua, Dwight C-17 Test Data Archive Effort 14 Furht, Borko Content Oriented Architecture for Consumer-to-Business E-Commerce 166 Gaaloul, Walid A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 Gallagher, D. L. The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 Gallego, Olatz Arbelaitz Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 Gallick, Gary E. Cellular Mechanisms Regulating Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator in Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer: A Novel Therapeutic Target 93 Galvez, Luis Enrique Zarate Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Gangopadhyay, A. K. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Garcia, Juan Moreno A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Gargouri, Faiez ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems 122 Gary, G. A. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Gasiewski, Albin J. Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 B-9

Gates, Roy 0. Upgrading an Office Automation Environment: The Army s DCSPER Automation Project 205 Gattiker, J. R. Anomaly Detection Enhanced Classification in Computer Intrusion Detection 118 Detecting Attacks in Computer Networks 47 Gedney, Stephen D. Advanced Electromagnetic Modeling 142 Geiss, Kevin T. Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 Gery, Sigal TMEFF2: A Novel Gene Expressed Selectively in Androgen-Responsive Prostate Cancers 102 Ghedira, Khaled A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 Multi-Agent Approach Based on Tabu Search for the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem 199 ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems 122 Ghose, Aditya Agent Programming Language with Incomplete Knowledge: AgentSpeak(I) 132 Ghosh, Kajal K. A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Gibaja, Eva A Connexionist Approach for Case Based Reasoning 152 G.R.E.E.N. An Expert System to Identify Gymnosperms 171 Gimeishein, S. F. Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 Ginter, Karl L. Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 Giovannetti, Dean Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Glimm, James Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 Globus, Al Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 Gluz, Joao Carlos AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 Godart, Claude A Pattern for Interconnecting Distributed Components 134 Goddard, W. A. Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 62 Goikoetxea, Ibai Gurrutxaga Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 Goldberg, Allen Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 Goldgof, Dmitry B. Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Golding, W. M. Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 Gomes, Eliane Goncalves ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Gomez, Bianca P. CRE Activation in Antiestrogen Resistance 101 Gomez, G. CDF Time of Flight Detector 56 Gomez, Julian E. Knowledge Navigation for Virtual Vehicles 137 Gonzalez, Derek Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 Goodman, Steven J. Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 Goodyear, Charles D. Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 Gopal, Y. V. Downregulation of Breast Cancer Gene Expression by Small Molecule Drugs 81 Gopalan, Srividya Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises 202 Gordon, John, IV Alternative Futures and Their Implications for Army Modernization 49 Goto, Yukinori The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Gottlieb, Max Financial Reporting: An Internet Clearinghouse 192 Gouveia, Feliz A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Granot, Jonathan An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 Graves, D. H. Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 Gray, Perry Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 Greco, Sergio Mining Scientific Results Through The Combined Use Of Clustering And Linear Programming Techniques 174 Green, Steve Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 Green, Steven En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 Greengard, Leslie F. Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications 94 Greer, James C-17 Test Data Archive Effort 14 Gritzalis, Stefanos Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 Grody, Wayne W. Arginase: A Novel Proliferative Determinant in Prostate Cancer 90 Grove, John W. Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 Grzanka, E. Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 Grzeszczyk, Tadeusz A. Application Of Neural Networks For Prior Appraisal Of Structural Funds Project Proposals 173 Guida, Stefano Paolo A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 Guimaraes, Francisco Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Gulati, V. P. Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APP- CAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties 129 Gulley, James Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 B-10

Gunnarsson, R. Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 Ha, Eun-Ju Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 Ha, Lidan Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning 191 Ha, Sung Kyu Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 Haapasalo, Harri An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 Haas, Franz Polymer Modulator Contact Poling Guide 51 Hagen, Jeff Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 Haider, Abrar Managing Engineering Assets: A Knowledge Based Asset Management Methodology through Information Quality 196 Haki, Kazem egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 Halbsgut, Joerg Heterogeneous Integration Of Services Into An Open, Standardized Web Service: A Web Service-based CSCW/L System 133 Haliciogiu, Timur Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 Hall, Lawrence O. Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Hall, Leslie Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 Hamel, Lutz Data Mining of CRM Knowledge Bases for Effective Market Segmentation: A Conceptual Framework 201 Hamilton, Jeff Test Laboratory Facilities and Capabilities 22 Hammond, Mark H. Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 Hammoudi, Slimane From Corba to Web Services Composition 160 Hanna, James Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) 142 Hanratty, James Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 Hansenne, Rami Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 Hardee, P. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Hardy, Gordon H. In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 Harker, D. E. High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp 213 Harris, Katherine Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Hart, Dennis J. An Approach to Vulnerability Assessment for Navy Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems 145 Hartmann, Lynn C. Benign Breast Disease: Toward Molecular Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk 96 Hase, William L. Dynamics of O(3P) Reactions with Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Hydrocarbons 36 Hasewinkel, H. Future Interaction Cocepts, Land-Sea- Interactive Examples 44 Hausmann, Martha A. Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 Havelund, Klaus Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 Using Block-local Atomicity to Detect Stale-value Concurrency Errors 137 Hawkins, Tommy W. Structural and Theoretical Investigation of 3,4,5-Triamino-1,2,4-Triazolium Salts 35 Hawryszkiewyca, Igor Agent Support for Collaborative Work 156 Hayden, Sandra C. Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Hearn, Allison Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 Helaakoski, Heli An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 Helin, Heikki Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 Henderson-Sellers, Brian Incorporating the Elements of the MASE Methodology into Agent Open 165 Hennessey, Kent Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 HenriqueGolveaCoelho, Pedro Face Pattern Detection 108 Hepple, R. P. Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 Herbert, Dennis B. Non-Lethal Weaponry: From Tactical to Strategic Applications 57 Herbert, Eric W. NPSAT1 Magnetic Attitude Control System Algorithm Verification, Validation, and Air-Bearing Tests 19 Herrero, Pilar Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 Herrmann, Melody NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Hestermann, Eli Dynamics of Estrogen Receptor Transcription Complex Assembly in Breast Cancer 105 Hicks, R. Energy Spread Monitoring for the JLAB Experimental Program: Synchrotron Light Interferometers, Optical Transition Radiation Monitors and Wire Scanners 183 Hieronymus, James Clarissa Spoken Dialogue System for Procedure Reading and Navigation 213 Hillbrand, Christian Building Proven Casual Model Bases for Strategic Decision Support 124 Hilliard, M. CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 Hillman, Robert Distributed Information Enterprise Modeling and Simulation (DIEMS) 142 Hilsenrath, Ernest SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 Hindson, William S. In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 B-11

Hislop, Gregory An Analysis of Variation in Teaching Effort Across Tasks in Online and Traditional Courses 216 Hoeschl, Hugo Cesar Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 Hoffman, Krishna Whirl Flutter Studies for a SSTOL Transport Demonstrator 1 Hogan, Robert C. Blowing in the Wind 214 Hogden, J. E. Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences 117 Hogden, J. Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report 117 Honig, Barry H. Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications 94 Honn, Kenneth V. Eicosanoid Regulation of Prostate Cancer Progression: Disruption of Hemidesmosomes and Collaboration in Tumor Invasive Growth 86 Hoover, F. S. Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 Hopkins, A. R. Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites 39 Hornby, Gregory Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 Hovater, Mary Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 Howard, Jeanie A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Howell, Joe T. Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications 18 Howse, J. Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines 178 Simple Classifiers 114 Hsairi, Lobna ProMAIS: A Multi-Agent Model For Production Information Systems 122 Hu, Hsun-Cheng The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management 148 Hu, Qi-Ying Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 Hu, Yiding Signal Processing in a Semi-Active Seeker 48 Huang, Qiang Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 Huang, Yi Antineoplastic Efficacy of Novel Polyamine Analogues in Human Breast Cancer 93 Hubbs, Whitney Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 Hudgins, D. M. Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Infrared Astrophysics with Spitzer 212 Hughes, Christopher E. Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area 1 Hull, Andrew J. An Exact Analytical Expression of the Shear Coefficient in the Mindlin Plate Equation 177 Hull, Patrick V. Optimal Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms using Subdivision and Commercial FEA (DETC2004-57497) 175 Hummel, John R. Establishing Human Performance (Decision Making) and Natural Environment Consistency Across Integrated Naval Simulations 145 Hunt, Jason D. Hydrodynamic Modeling for Stationary Breaking Waves 54 Huo, Winifred Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 Hurley, Kevin Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Hush, D. Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 Concentration of the Hypergeometric Distribution 115 Extension of a Theorem of Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart 114 Fat-Shattering of Affine Functions 115 Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm 116 Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines 178 Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines 115 Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 Simple Classifiers 114 Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 Support Vector Machines 180 Training a Sigmoidal Node is Hard 112 VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers 118 Huss, L. G. Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 Hussain, Erum A. Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 Hussain, Saber M. Dose Range Finding of Chromophore Powder: A Summary Report 32 Huysmans, Johan Web Usage Mining with Time Constrained Association Rules 125 Hyers, R. W. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Ibeas, Asier Artificial Intelligence Representations of Multi-Model Based Controllers 119 Ibrahim, Abdelgadir Designing a Web-Based Application Framework 135 Ibrahim, Raouf A. Uncertainties and Relaxation of Boundary Conditions of Aeroelastic Panels 183 Iftekharuddin, K. Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition 140 Ignatiadis, Ioannis Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 Ikeda, Yutaka Robust Adaptive Control of UCAVs 14 Ingber, Donald Mechanotransduction through Integrins 75 B-12

IsabeldosSantos, Angela Neural Network and Time Series as Tools for Sales Forecasting 175 Jackson, Thomas J. Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Jahankhani, Hamid Underlying Platform of the e-commerce System: J2EE Versus NET 158 James, Bonnie F. NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 James, Bonnie NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 James, Walter An Agent-Based Knowledge Management Model For Enabling a Statistical Testing Approach To Decision Support e-commerce 191 Jansen, Ralph Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Jardin, Matt Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 Jasnow, David Modeling Polymers Containing Rod-Like Fillers: From Morphology to Mechanical Behavior 39 Jau, Y. Y. End Resonances for Atomic Clocks 37 Javed, Younus A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 Jenkins, Andy Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration 110 Jimenez, M. Carmen Pegalajar An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 Jin, Jianming High-Order Hybrid Finite Element Technology for Simulation of Large-Scale Array Antennas Embedded in Inhomogeneous Media 51 Jivkov, Vladislav Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 Johns, D. Application of Control Theory in the Formation of a Timescale 172 Johnson, David E. Conserving the Future Force Fighting Strength: Findings from the Army Medical Department Transformation Workshops, 2002 106 Johnson, Les NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Johnson, Martin D. Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 Johnson, R. E. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Johnson, R. Energy Information Clearinghouse 196 Johnson, Wayne Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 Stability Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Configuration 17 Jokinen, Katrine Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Jordan, R. Initial Evaluation of Maximum Likelihood Continuity Mapping for Low Bit Rate Articulatory Coding of VQ Code Sequences 117 Jorge, Alipio Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support 125 JoseLageAlvarenga, Paulo Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 Jovanov, Emil An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices 157 Joy, Marshall K. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 JungThirapanich, Chamnong The Assessment of E-Commerce Awareness on Highly Valuable Traditional Products in Thailand 164 Kabiri, Peyman A Comparison Between The Proportional Keen Approximator And The Neural Networks Learning Methods 173 Kadam, S. D. Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 Kagawa, Hiromi K. A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Kahn, Katherine L. Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 Kammanahalli, Harish Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises 202 Kanbach, Gottfried A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Kaneshige, John Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 Kang, Miao Modelling Mobile Agent Applications by Extended UML Activity Diagram 134 Kang, Yunghee Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 Kanzow, Sebastian Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 Kaplan, Richard J. Upgrading an Office Automation Environment: The Army s DCSPER Automation Project 205 Kar,S.K. Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Karacapilidis, Nikos A Recommendation Based Framework for Online Product Configuration 130 Karduck, Achim Teambroker: Constraint Based Brokerage of Virtual Teams 192 Kascak, Peter E. Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Katapodi, Maria C. Exploring Women s Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer 95 Katasonov, Artern Dependability: A Forgotten Aspect In Location-Based Services 133 Kauzlarich, Susan M. Synthesis and Characterization of Ge Nanocrystals for Thin-Film Applications 36 Kelly,P.M. Algorithm for Merging Hyperellipsoidal Clusters 111 Kelly, P. Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 B-13

Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 Kelton, K. F. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Kennedy, Brian K. Structural Inheritance in Yeast 86 Kenny, Barbara H. Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Keren, Yair HERMES 180 UAV Development Program 11 Kerns, Karol Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 Ketsdever, A. D. Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 Khadraqui, Djamel Multi-Agent Organizational Model For E-Contacting 122 Khatib, Lina Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 Khazaie, Khashayarsha Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 Khoshsima, Gholamreza egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 Kickhofel, Rodrigo Branco FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information 128 Kiedaisch, John W. First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 Kim, Dong-Jin Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 Kipina, Janne An Agent Architecture for Steel Product Business Network 131 Kipps, James R. Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders 144 Kirchner, Frank Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 Kjouani, Karim Flow-Oriented Deployment of a Multi- Agent Population for Dynamic Workflow Enactment 128 Klein, Gary ASK Talks with Gary Klein 195 Klein, Gilles Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 Klein, Marian Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Klein, S. Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 Knight, Julia A. Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Knopman, Debra Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 Knowland, W. USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study 72 Kobayashi, Linda Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots 120 Koberstein, Jeffrey T. The Molecular Design of Smart Polymer Surfaces 39 Koelfgen, Syri J. The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 Kolp, Manuel Agent-Oriented Design of E-Commerce System Architecture 155 Kooptiwoot, Suwimon Mining the Relationship in the Form of Predisposing Factor and Co-Incident in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Ideas with a New Idea from the Fact in The Chemical Reaction 151 Mining the Relationships in the Form of the Predisposing Factors and Co- Incident Factors Among Numerical Dynamic Attributes in Time Series Data Set by Using the Combination of Some Existing Techniques 147 Kopardekar, Parimal Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts 108 Koppang, P. Application of Control Theory in the Formation of a Timescale 172 Korbaa, Ouajdi A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 Koshelyaevsky, N. The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation 42 Kosinski, John A. Distributed Coherent RF Operations 58 Kostromin, V. The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation 42 Kotinumi, Paavo Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Kotsiantis, Sotiris A Hybrid Decision Support Tool 197 Kouveliotou, Chryssa An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Kraus, Nicholas C. ReSpell Checkgional Morphology Analysis Package (RMAP) 144 Kraus, William Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 Krebsbach, Al Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 Kreutler, Gerold Dynamic Multi-Agent Based Variety Formation And Steering In Mass Customization 198 Krischer, Jeffrey Improving Breast Cancer Research Through Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials 94 Krishna, Vikas Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information 125 Krishnakumar, Kalmanje Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 KrishnaKumar, K. Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 Krishnaswamy, Shonali MGAIA: Extending The Gala Methodology To Model Mobile Agent Systems 136 Krutikov, V. The National Time and Frequency Service of the Russian Federation 42 Kshetri, Nir South Asia s Emerging Electronic Markets: Patterns and Prospects 155 Kunnil, Joseph Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 Kuregm, T. P. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 B-14

Kurosu, Thomas P. Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 Kurosu, Thomas SAO Participation in the GOME and SCIAMACHY Satellite Instrument Programs 72 Kurt, Robert A. Targeted Disruption of Tumor-Derived Chemokine Synthesis and Reversal of Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression 91 Kuusik, Rein Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 Kuzma, N. N. End Resonances for Atomic Clocks 37 Kwinn, Michael J., Jr. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation 182 L. Chen, Mei Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 Labidi, Sofiane Formation and Fulfillment of Electronic Contracts in the ICS 127 Problems Resolution In MATHNET System 151 Labor, Renee Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Ladeira, Marcelo Informed K-Means: A Clustering Process Biased by Prior Knowledge 198 Laesvuori, Hannu Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Lafifi, Yacine A Cooperative Learning Multi-Agent System 131 Lakins, Johnathon Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Lam, Stephen DSPFRC - Force and Moment Data Display and Monitoring Program for the Low Speed Wind Tunnel at DSTO 3 Lamperti, Gianfranco Dynamic Diagnosis of Active Systems with Fragmented Observations 150 LaPlant, B. Dublin Core and the Alternative Interface Access Protocol 44 Larchev, Gregory Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 LaRoque, Samuel J. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 Larson, Steven Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 Laufer, Alexander ASK Magazine 193 Lavretsky, Eugene Robust Adaptive Control of UCAVs 14 Lawler, James Antecedents of Successful Web Based Communities for Disabled Citizens 159 Laymon, Charles Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Leckner, Thomas A Recommendation Based Framework for Online Product Configuration 130 Lee, Charles Adaptive Bio-Inspired Wireless Network Routing for Planetary Surface Exploration 214 Lee, G. W. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Lee, Jiing-Dwan Regulatory Mechanism of EGFR- Mediated Oncogenic Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells 100 Lee, Katharine K. Development and Validation of the Controller Acceptance Rating Scale (CARS): Results of Empirical Research 6 The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 Lee, L. M. Multidimensional Numerical Modeling of Surges Over Initially Dry Land 181 Lee, Mike The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 Lee, Sang Gap Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Lee, Susan Y. Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots 120 Lee, Taewon Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 Leelawattanon, Tanaporn The ORM Model As a Knowledge Representation For E-Tutorial Systems 200 Lefebvre, Elizabeth E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 Lefebvre, Louis-A. E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 Lehoczky, S. L. Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 Leijon, S. Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 Lentsch, R. D. Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 Lessler, Justin Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information 125 Leune, Kees An Event-Based Framework For Service- Oriented Computing 165 Levin, Kerry M. The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 Lewicki, J. L. Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 Lewis, M. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Li, C. Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 Li, Fang An XML-Based Bootstrapping Method For Pattern Acquisition 146 Li, Honglin TRAIL: A Novel Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer 91 Li, Lihua Computerized Analysis and Detection of Missed Cancer in Screening Mammogram 105 Li, Sheng-Tun The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management 148 Li, Xiaolin Errors in Numerical Solutions of Spherically Symmetric Shock Physics Problems 176 Li, Xining Recent Research and Future Directions in Mobile Agents for Mobile Devices 164 B-15

Li, Yi-Fen A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Licchelli, Oriana A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 Lichtnow, Daniel Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Liemohn, M. The Origin and Evolution of Deep Plasmaspheric Notches 211 Lima, Joubert ArchCollect Front-End: A Web Usage Data Mining Knowledge Acquisition Mechanism Focused On Static Or Dynamic Contenting Applications 132 Lin, Aizhong Agent Support for Collaborative Work 156 Lin, B. Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 Lin, S. Y. Time Domain Frequency Stability Estimation Based On FFT Measurements 177 Lin, Yun Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 Lin, Zi-Wei Effects of Nuclear Interactions in Space Radiation Transport 215 Linares, Luis Jimenez A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Lind, Grete Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 Ling, Sea Analyzing Observable Behaviors Of Device Ecology Workflows 163 Lins, Raymond R. Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 Lipeles, R. A. Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites 39 Lipp, S. End Resonances for Atomic Clocks 37 Lipshitz, Raanan Pilot Study: System Model of Situation Awareness: Sensemaking and Decision Making in Command and Control 48 Litt, Owen P. Recommendations for a New and Improved ORCA Modeling System Blast Module 143 Liu, X. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Lockshon, Daniel Structural Inheritance in Yeast 86 Lockwood, J. R. Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 Loftin, R. B. Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 Logan, Michael J. Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 Loh, Stanley A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Loh, Stnaley FastNews: Selective Clipping of Web Information 128 Lohn, Jason Evolvable Hardware for Space Applications 22 Intelligent Systems: Shaping the Future of Aeronautics and Space Exploration 120 Loke, Seng Analyzing Observable Behaviors Of Device Ecology Workflows 163 Lokeshwar, Balakrishna L. An Innovative Strategy for the Prevention and Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Modified Tetracycline as Chemotherapeutics 76 Lokuge, Prasanna BDI Agents with Fuzzy Associative Memory for Vessel Berthing in Container Ports 149 Lombardi, Michael Common-View LORAN-C as a Backup to GPS for Precise Time Recovery 143 Lopes, Rui Pedro Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 Lopez, Richard D. Exploiting the Innate Antitumor Activity of Human Gamma-Delta T-Cells for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 82 Lopez, Victor Raul A Qualitative Model of the Indebtedness for the Spanish Autonomous Regions 151 Lops, Pasquale A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 Lorimer, Duncan A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Louca, Jorge Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Loureiro, Robyn M. EGF Regulation of VEGF: Role in Progression of ErbB2 Overexpressing Mammary Tumors 85 Lu, H.-I. How Consistent are Recent Variations in the Tropical Energy and Water Cycle Resolved by Satellite Measurements? 61 Lu, Jie An Algorithm For Linear Bi-level Programming Problems 119 Lu, Michael L. Caveolin-1 Modulates Androgen Receptor Signaling in Advanced Prostate Cancer 96 Lu, Yongjian Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Lucena, Carlos Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer 133 Luke, Gary Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 Luke, Sean Evolving Optimal Submunition Design for Attacking Relocatable Targets 20 Luken, Markus Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 Lukosch, Stephan Customizable Data Distribution for Synchronous Groupware 130 Lund, R. Estimating Fatigue Life of Patroon Island Bridge Using Strain Measurements 60 Lurie, Nicole Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California 102 Lynch, D. Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 B-16

Lysak, Daniel B. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Cooperative Enterprise 59 Maamar, Zakaria Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 MacCormack, Alasdair BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 MacDonald, Jacqueline Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 Maceyka, Michael W. Regulation of Sphingosine Kinase in Prostate Cancer Cells 90 MacKay, R. Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Magaud, Francois-Xavier Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability 171 Mahmood, Ahmad Kamil Can Avatars Replace The Trainer? A Case Study Evaluation 131 Mahmoud, Quasay Recent Research and Future Directions in Mobile Agents for Mobile Devices 164 Mahmoud, Qusay A Web-Enabled Mobile Agent Platform for E-Commerce 121 Integrating Software Agents with the Existing Web Infrastructure 134 Malejka-Giganti, Danuta Expression of Metabolic and Apoptotic Genes During Treatment With Chemopreventive Agents for Breast Cancer 103 Manimaran, B. E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 Mankins, John C. Transformational System Concepts and Technologies for Future Space Applications 18 Manzo, Michelle A. Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 Marar, Joao Fernando Adaptive Techniques for the Human Faces Detection 171 Maret, P. Ontology-Based Framework For Document Indexing 199 Marir, Farhi Case-Based Approach for Efficient Redesign of Business Process 123 Hybrid Expert System for the Selection of Rapid Prototyping Processes 152 Marti, Jed B. Extracting Tactical Data from Operation Orders 144 Martin, Adam The Plasmoid Thruster Experiment (PTX) 26 Martin, Preston Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV 10 Martin,R.V. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Martin, W. Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 System for Indexing Multi-Spectral Satellite Images for Efficient Content-Based Retrieval 203 Trading Efficiency for Effectiveness in Similarity Based Indexing for Image Databases 203 Martinez-Otzeta, Jose Maria Analysis Of The Iterated Probabilistic Weighted k-nearest Neighbor Method: A New Distance-Based Algorithm 173 Martin-Hernandez, N. L. High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 Martio, Olli Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian 41 Marty, Jean-Charles A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media 160 Matsakis, Demetrios Time and Frequency Activities at the U.S. Naval Observatory 209 Matthews, R. Railplug Ignition System for Enhanced Engine Performance and Reduced Maintenance 24 Reduced Engine Friction and Wear 59 Mattioda, A. L. Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 Mattos, Eduardo Olimpo System Web-Technology for Electronic Government and Pace World 170 Mavromoustakos, Stephanos Designing Quality Web Applications Using Web Patterns 166 Max, N. Illumination Under Trees 111 Mayo, Stephen L. Computational Model Optimization for Enzyme Design Applications 94 Mazhelis, Oleksiy Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 Mazzali, Paolo A. An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 McCarthy, James B. Hyaluronan Biosynthesis in Prostate Carcinoma 80 McCarthy, Michael C. Air-to-Ground Battle for Italy 6 McClean, Sally Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 McClelland, D. G. USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Background Paper 71 USAID Programs that Respond to Climate Change. Philippines Case Study 72 McCormick, Patrick Robust Adaptive Control of UCAVs 14 McDowell, Mark An Integrated Centroid Finding and Particle Overlap Decomposition Algorithm for Stereo Imaging Velocimetry 138 McKenzie, Rick Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 McKone, T. E. Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 Mclaughlin, Brian Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 McLeod, Dennis Trusted e-mail: A Proposed Approach To Prevent Credit Card Fraud in Soft- Products E-Commerce 167 McLEtchie, K. W. Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 McMillan, R. Andrew A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 McMullin, S. R. Dynamic Compaction Facility Test Report 63 Medvidovic, Nenad Dynamic Assembly, Assessment, Assurance, and Adaptation via Heterogeneous Software Connectors 142 B-17

Mehta, Rajendra G. Mechanism of Action of a Novel Analog of Vitamin D3 1 Alpha-hydroxy-24-ethyl Cholecalciferol (D5) in Normal and Transformed Human Breast Epithelial Cells 80 Meiksin, Z. H. Wireless Mine-Wide Telecommunications Technology 43 Melchor-Lucero, Octavio Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 Melliti, Tarak Modeling Web Services Interoperability 135 Mendez, Gonzalo Intelligent Virtual Environments for Training in Nuclear Power Plants 148 Meneses, Valmir Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Meredith, B. Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 Messert, Sarah J. On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 Meza, Lidia Angulo ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Meziane, Farid A Feasibility Study Of a Proposed Unified Semantic Infrastructure In The European Construction Sector 135 Micelli, F. Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Mikkelsen, D. R. Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 Mikula, Julie Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Mileti, G. Development of New RB Clocks in Observatoire De Neuchatel 42 Min, Jung Ung Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 Minor, John The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 Miranian, M. The APL Time And Frequency Lab 209 Mishra, Umesh K. Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 Mital, Subodh Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 Mogford, Richard Predicting Human Error in Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools and Free Flight Concepts 108 Mohamed, Rehman BulB: Visualizing Bulletin Board Activity 135 Mohammadian, Ayob egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 Montgomery, Edward E., IV In-Space Propulsion (ISP) Solar Sail Propulsion Technology Development 25 Montgomery, Sandy E. NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program: Overview and Update 25 Monvoisin, Arnaud Mechanisms of VEGF Availability in Prostate Cancer 99 Moon, Steve NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 Mooney, Robert A. Role of PTPase LAR in EGF Receptor in the Mammary Gland 94 Moralex, Ernesto, III In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 Moran, Bill Signal Processing in a Semi-Active Seeker 48 Moreno, Carlos SINOVIA: An Open Approach for Heterogeneous ISR Systems Inter- Operability 11 Morgan, Ray Putting Patience to the Test 195 Morpet, William J. Circular Data Images for Directional Data 178 Morris, Marilyn E. Organic Isothiocyanates: Dietary Modulators of Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer 91 Morris, Robert Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 Integration of On-board EOS Schedule Revision with Space Communication Emulation System 20 Moslehi, Adel egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 Mostefaoui, Soraya Kouadri Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 Motakef, S. Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 Moutinho, Adriano Face Pattern Detection 108 Mues, Christophe Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 Muftuler, L. T. Electrical Impedance Tomography of Breast Cancer 102 Munk, Michelle NASA Development of Aerocapture Technologies 25 Munteanu, Paul Learning Bayesian Networks with Largest Chain Graphs 119 Murayama, Yuko The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Murray, Al Status of Advanced Boundary Layer Code Development for SRM Nozzle Ablation Including Two Phase Flow Effects 27 Murthy, Pappu L. N. Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 Mushotzky, Richard High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM 210 Spectral Monitoring of NGC 1365: Nucleus and Variable ULX 210 Muti, Paola C. Estrogen Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study 85 Myers, J. Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Myers, Sarah Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California 102 Myneni, G. R. Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium 29 Myrick, Glenn B. Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 Nadeem, Aamir A Fast Scale and Pose Invariant Face Recognition Method 118 B-18

Nagamalai, Dhinaharan Performance Evaluation of TCP/IP in 802.11 Wireless Networks 168 Nagib, Hassan M. First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 Nagy, Zoltan Doctus Intelligent Executive Portal for Business Decisions: Using Hard Data and Soft Knowledge in Doctus Intelligent Portal 170 Nair, Hema Linguistic Description of Patterns from Mined Images 174 Nanni, A. Characterization of a New FRP Bar of Reinforcement of Concrete 33 Narayanan, M. Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 Narvid, Juan C. Tanker Force Structure: Recapitalization of the KC-135 13 Negahdaripour, Shahriar Novel Airborne Video Sensors. Super- Resolution Multi-Camera Panoramic Imaging System for UAVs 13 Nehls, Mary Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 Neighbors, Jeffrey D. Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 Nelson, Anne Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce 161 Nelson, William Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce 161 Nemec, Marian On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design 126 Nemeth, Noel N. Probabilistic Analysis of a SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vane 33 Nesbitt, Stephen W. Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 Neto, Luiz Biondi Face Pattern Detection 108 ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Nevile, L. Dublin Core and the Alternative Interface Access Protocol 44 Newchurch, M. J. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Newell, J. Automated Segmentation of Scleroderma in High Resolution CT Imagery 116 Ng, Bryan Tsong Jye Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 Nicastro, Fabrizio High Resolution Spectroscopy of AGN in Outburst: The Gaseous Nuclear Environment and the WIGM 210 Nichiporuk, Brian Alternative Futures and Their Implications for Army Modernization 49 Nicholson, Bob Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Niinimaki, Marko GridBlocks: Web Portal and Client for Distributed Computing 121 Nishikawa, K.-L. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Nix, D. Articulatorily Constrained, Maximum Likelihood Approach to Speech Recognition. Phase 1 Final Report 117 Njoku, Eni G. Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Noble, M. W. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Nordin, G. P. A MEMS Micro-Translation Stage with Long Linear Translation 50 Norris, J. Comparison of Parameterized Cloud Variability to ARM Data 74 Nourbakhsh, Illah Peer-to-Peer Human-Robot Interaction for Space Exploration 214 Nystrom, Christina Amcoff Intranet Use: A Study of Five Swedish Organisations 180 Obrenovic, Zeljko An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices 157 Obringer, John W. Differential Gene Expression in Explanted Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells 12-Hours Post-Exposure to 532 nm, 120 ps Pulsed Laser Light 86 O Connell, Peter Can Gene Expression Pattern Analysis Predict Recurrence in Node-Negative Breast Cancer 77 Ogiela, Marek Cognitive Reasoning In Intelligent Medical Information Systems 201 OHara, K. Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Okhtilev, Michael The Data Flow and Distributed Calculations Intelligence Information Technology for Decision Support System in Real Time 171 Oldenburg, C. M. Near-Surface Monitoring Strategies for Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Verification 68 Oliker, L. Performance Evaluation of Two Emerging Media Processors: VIRAM and Imagine 111 Oliveira, Jose Luis E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement 129 Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 Oliveira, Nathalia R. S. Formation and Fulfillment of Electronic Contracts in the ICS 127 Oliveira, Paula Using Mobile Agents to Search for Distributed Invisible Information 134 Omta, Onno E-Commerce Penetration and Organizational Learning in SMES 154 Onaka, T. Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant 209 Ong, Chin Eang Jurisdiction in B2C E-Commerce Redress 205 Osborn, Christopher M. An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a New Watchstanding Schedule for U.S. Submariners 108 Osegueda, Roberto Modeling Hypervelocity Impact for Kill Enhancement of Ballistic Missile Warheads 23 Ossowski, Sascha Semantic E-Learning Agents: Supporting E-learning by Semantic Web and Agent Technologies 126 Overbay, Larry Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Blind Grid Scoring Record Number 183 56 Oyenekan, B. CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 B-19

Ozcelik, Hilmi Microarray Technology to Study the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Risk 79 Ozel, Feryal Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Paavola, Chad D. A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Pace, P. E. Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? 49 Pacheco, Roberto An Implementation Environment Of Knowledge Discovery Systems 201 Pacholczyk, Daniel A Symbolic Approach to Linguistic Negation 175 Palm, S. Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 62 Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 Palmisano, J. Credit Trading and Power: Issues and Opportunities 65 Palosz, B. Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 Palosz, W. Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 Panagopoulos, Ilias Electronic Warfare: A Critical Military and Technological Asset for the Improvement of the Common European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) 169 Panti, Maurizio A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual- Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management 167 Paoliello, Romero Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 Pappas, Alex G. Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 Park, Eric Extensible Hardware Architecture for Mobile Robots 120 Patel, Sandeep K. Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Patel, Sandy K. An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 Patera, Anthony T. Numerical Optimization of Multifunctional Components 177 Paul, Walter Hose Elements for Buoy Moorings: Design, Fabrication and Mechanical Properties 60 Pedersen, Liam Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 Peeters, E. High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 Pegalajar, M. Carmen A Comparative Study Of Evolutionary Algorithms For Training Of Elman Recurrent Neural Networks To Predict The Autonomous Indebtedness 174 Pekot, L. Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study 70 Peng, H. M. Time Domain Frequency Stability Estimation Based On FFT Measurements 177 Penserini, Loris A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual- Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management 167 Pereira, Elizabeth Marques Duarte Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Perez, Ramon Perez An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 PerezdelaFuente, Jesus Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 Pernkopf, Franz Bayesian Network Classifiers Versus K-NN Classifier Using Sequential Feature Selection 182 Perry, A. Discussion of Asbestos Detection Techniques for Air and Soil 65 Perry1, Gaye Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 Petit, Claude Model P: An Approach of the Adaptability 171 Petrich, Jacob W. Development of Methods for the Real- Time and Rapid Identification and Detection of TSE in Living Animals Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Eye 185 Petroff, Pierre M. Order Lattices of Quantum Dots 188 Petropoulos, Kostas Introducing an Operational and Technological E-Commerce Framework for European SMES 154 Phillips, Barton L. An Analysis of the Effect of Quantitative and Qualitative Admissions Factors in Determining Student Performance at the U.S. Naval Academy 182 Phillips, Mark A. Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 Phillips, Winfred Space Biotechnology and Commercial Applications University of Florida 40 Piao, Daqing Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 Picault, Jerome A Dynamic Aggregation Mechanism For Agent-Based Services 132 Pickett, Bryan Occupational Survey Report, AFSC 2A7X3, Aircraft Structural Maintenance 12 Piester, D. An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency 42 Pigneur, Yves A DSS for Assessing Technology Environments 179 Pincombe, Brandon Comparison of Human and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) Judgements of Pairwise Document Similarities for a News Corpus 139 Pinkus, Alan R. Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 Pintetas, Panayotis A Hybrid Decision Support Tool 197 Pitkaranta, Tapio Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 Pittet, Mikael Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 Plu, Michel A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media 160 Poggi, Agostino Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 B-20

Pohl, A. Smart Skin Antenna Arrmy for 8-12 GHz 45 Pokraev, Stanislav Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 Polat, Faruk Automated Product Recommendation By Employing Case-Based Reasoning Agents 190 Polewka, T. An Update on PTB s Activities in Time and Frequency 42 Polyak, Kornelia Characterization of IBC-1, a Novel Putative Breast Cancer Prognostic and Survival Factor 83 Ponnazhagan, Selvarangan Targeted Gene Therapy for Breast Cancer 89 Porter, J. G. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Porter, Mark A Logical and Probabilistic Technique for Classification and Dimensionality Reduction for Objects with Categorical Data 176 Post, A. B. End Resonances for Atomic Clocks 37 Potter, Tammi L. A Concept Analysis of Competency in Nursing 83 Poulet, Francois Outlier Detection And Visualisation 189 Towards Visual Data Mining 153 Preece, R. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Prescott, D. Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Tri-State Network Demonstration Project, 94068. Starkville, Mississippi 46 Price, Marva M. Increasing Sustained Participation in Free Mass Cancer Screening Clinics 84 Primo, Tiago Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Prinz, Wolfgang Decision Follow-Up Support Mechanism Based On Asynchronous Communication 201 Proenca, Henrique Order Planning Decision Support System for Customer Driven Manufacturing: Overview of Main System Requirements 190 Prozan, Bob Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 Puentes, Francisco Virtual Active IP Node for Collaborative Environments 163 Pujari, A. K. Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APP- CAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties 129 Pulliam, Thomas H. On the Use of Parmetric-CAD Systems and Cartesian Methods for Aerodynamic Design 126 Pusey, Marc L. Fluorescent Approaches to High Throughput Crystallography 30 Pusey, Marc The Nucleation and Growth of Protein Crystals 188 Puuronen, Seppo Combining One-Class Classifiers for Mobile-User Substitution Detection 43 Quatroche, Anthony J. Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 Rackstraw, K. Credit Trading and Power: Issues and Opportunities 65 Raffetto, Mark Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Contributions to Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Missions for Expeditionary Operations 12 Rak, B. Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, 94083, St. Louis, Missouri 47 Ramachandran, Narayanan Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Optical/X-Ray Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry 52 Ramamritham, Krithi Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises 202 Ramamurti, Ravi The Influence of Fin Rigidity on the Force Production in the Bird-Wrasse: A Computational Study 3 Ramasamy, Gobbi E-Enterprise: Awareness and Implementation of Transparent Factory in South East Asia 193 Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 Ramsey, B. D. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Ramsey, James Robust Adaptive Control of UCAVs 14 Rastinejad, Fraydoon Structure/Function Studies of the Androgen Receptor DNA-Binding Region 77 Rathz, T. J. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Raymond, Scott P. Operation and Maintenance Support Information (OMSI) Creation, Management, and Repurposing With XML 138 Redi, M. H. Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 Reed, John A. Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 Reese, Erik D. Markov Chain Monte Carlo Joint Analysis of Chandra X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Sunyaev-Zel dovich Effect Data 212 Reeves, S. Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study 70 Rehak, P. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Reichardt, Juergen K. Genetic Variation in the HSD3B2 Gene and Prostate Cancer 88 Reid, Concha M. Performance Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Gel Polymer Battery Power Supply System for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 15 Reimer, Olaf A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Reinhart, M. J. The APL Time And Frequency Lab 209 Reinisch, Lou Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 B-21

Remion, Yannick Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 Rentzepis, M. Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection 185 Rewoldt, G. Stability of Microturbulent Drift Modes during Internal Transport Barrier Formation in the Alcator C-Mod Radio Frequency Heated H-mode 187 Rezgui, Yacine A Feasibility Study Of a Proposed Unified Semantic Infrastructure In The European Construction Sector 135 Ribeiro, Marcelo Multi-Agent Systems and the Semantic Web: The SemantiCore Agent-Based Abstraction Layer 133 Ribeiro, Thiago Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 Richardson, G. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Riquelme, Jose C. Databases Reduction 152 Rivero, Javier Muguerza Consolidated Tree Construction Algorithm: Structurally Steady Trees 199 Robertson, F. R. How Consistent are Recent Variations in the Tropical Energy and Water Cycle Resolved by Satellite Measurements? 61 Robison, T. W. Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 Rochelle, G. T. CO2 Capture by Absorption with Potassium Carbonate 63 Rodriguez-Fernandez, N. J. High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 Rodriques, Roberto Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Roellig, T. L. Spitzer Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Kepler Supernova Remnant 209 Rogers, J. R. A Novel Liquid-Liquid Transition in Undercooled Ti-Zr-Ni Liquids 37 Roosbeek, F. Initial Testing of a New GPS Receiver, the PolaRx2, for Time and Frequency Transfer Using Dual-Frequency Codes and Carrier Phases 143 Roque, Vitor Solving Transactional Control in Current Management Frameworks 156 Rosa, Cesar Multi-Agent Propositions To Manage Organizational Knowledge: Position Paper Concerning a Three-Dimensional Research Project 191 Rosaci, Domenico A Model Of Agent Ontologies For B2C e-commerce 166 Roscoe, Mike Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Rose, Chris Reducing Spam: A Simple Solution 163 Rosenberg, Luke Signal Processing in a Semi-Active Seeker 48 Rose-Pehrsson, Susan L. Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 Ross, Ronald K. Molecular Determinants of Prostate Cancer Progression Across Race- Ethnicity 106 Rossow, Vernon J. Aircraft Spacings that Produce a Vortex- Free Region Below Flight Formation 16 Historical Overview of Research on Lift- Generated Vortex Wakes 2 Rowe, Dennis W. The Development of the Multi-Center Traffic Management Advisor (MCTMA): Traffic Flow Management Research in a Multi-Facility Environment 4 Rowlands, Dennis Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 Ruiz, M. Angustias Navarro An Adaptable Time-Delay Neural Network For Predict The Spanish Economic Indebtedness 200 Ruiz-Shulcloper, Jose Objectminer: A New Approach For Mining Complex Objects 199 Russo, Jose Estrogen and Breast Cancer 98 Ruvolo, Joann Dynamic Interest Profiles: Tracking User Interests Using Personal Information 125 Ryder, Robert Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 Sabins, M. R. Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition 48 Sadek, A. W. Validating Traffic Simulation Models to Inclement Weather Travel Conditions with Applications to Arterial Coordinated Signal Systems 73 Saelhie, Mazeiar Analysis of Priority and Partitioning Effects on Web Crawling Performance 155 Safari, Hossein egovernment Maturity Model(eGMM) 75 Safonov, Michael G. Robust Control, Feedback and Learning: Data-Driven Methods 17 Saglio, Jean-Marc Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web 126 Sahu, Rajendra Quality Control Using Fuzzy Rule Based Classification Systems 192 Saldana, Ramiro Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Salem, Abdel-Badeeh Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 Salgado, Ana Carolina Using Ontologies For Prospection Of Best Offer On The Web 163 Sallant, Ghislain Incorporation of EGPWS in the NASA Ames Research Center 747-400 Flight Simulator 5 Salo, Mikko Inverse Problems for Nonsmooth First Order Perturbations of the Laplacian 41 Salter, Andy Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions 124 Sampson, Jennifer An Agent-Based Infrastructure For Facilitating Evidence-Based Health Care 74 Sanchez, Daniel An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Sanchez, Roberto Ruiz Databases Reduction 152 Sanchez-Marahon, M. An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 B-22

Sandberg, William C. The Influence of Fin Rigidity on the Force Production in the Bird-Wrasse: A Computational Study 3 Sandford, S. A. Laboratory Infrared Spectra of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles: Quinoline, and Phenanthridine in Solid Argon and H2O 34 Sandford, Scott A. The AstroBiology Explorer (ABE) Mission Concept 110 The STARDUST Discovery Mission: Data from the Encounter with Comet Wild 2 and the Expected Sample Return 208 Santiago, Walter Control of a High Speed Flywheel System for Energy Storage in Space Applications 28 Sapiro, Guillermo New Forcefields and Algorithms for Computational Protein Design 98 Sarasanandarajah, Sivananthan Two Dimensional Multiwavelength Fluorescence Spectra of Dipicolinic Acid and Calcium Dipicolinate 186 Saripalli, Lakshmi A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Sarma, Aruna Genetic and Hormonal Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer in African American Men 100 Sauter, John A. Agents Overcoming Resource Independent Scaling Threats 181 Savit, Robert Agents Overcoming Resource Independent Scaling Threats 181 Sawall, D. D. Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites 39 Sawan, S. P. Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 Saykally, Richard J. Infrared Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy of Hydrocarbon Ions and Clusters in Fast Ion Beams 31 Scerbo, Mark W. Training in Peacekeeping Operations Using Virtual Environments 144 Schaubert, Daniel Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 1 51 Proceedings of the 2002 Antenna Applications Symposium - Volume 2 51 Schlom, Jeffrey Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Schoenbaum, Michael Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Schultz, K. R. Alternative Flowsheets for the Sulfur- Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle 34 Schwartz, Barry Wind Prediction Accuracy for Air Traffic Management Decision Support Tools 73 Schwenke, David W. Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 Scott, James R. Benchmark Solutions for Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Code Validation 3 Scovel, C. Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 Concentration of the Hypergeometric Distribution 115 Extension of a Theorem of Boucheron, Lugosi and Massart 114 Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines 117 Fat-Shattering of Affine Functions 115 Learning with the Neyman-Pearson and Min-Max Criteria 178 Learning with the Ratchet Algorithm 116 Linking Learning Strategies and Performance for Support Vector Machines 178 Polynomial-Time Decomposition Algorithms for Support Vector Machines 115 Selecting a Restoration Technique to Minimize OCR Error 116 Simple Classifiers 114 Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 Support Vector Machines 180 VC Dimension of Bounded Margin Classifiers 118 Scripa, R. N. Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 Seaman, William E. Characterization of SIRPs in Prostate Cancer Cells 82 Sears, Joseph D. Simultaneous Connection Management and Protection in a Distributed Multilevel Security Environment 169 Sears, Michael Status of Advanced Two-Phase Flow Model Development for SRM Chamber Flow Field and Combustion Modeling 53 Seiple, Adam D. Domestic Preparedness: Sarin Vapor Challenge and Corn Oil Protection Factor (PF) Testing of the CB40 CNR Full Face Respirator 109 Seixas, Louise AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 Semeraro, Giovanni A Hybrid Collaborative Recommender System Based on User Profiles 162 Semmel, Charles Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 Sen, Koushik Program Monitoring with LTL in EAGLE 137 Sen, S. Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Serrano, J. M. An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Shah, Hanifa Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions 124 Shapcott, Mary Hierarchical Model-Based Clustering for Relational Data with Aggregates 123 Shapiro, Pamela J. Cognitive Performance Quality of Life and Psychosocial Adjustment Among Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Treatment of Prostate Cancer 97 Sharifi, Golha A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 Seamless Communication And Access To Information For Mobile Users In A Wireless Environment 43 Sharp, Bernadette Reducing Rework In The Development Of Information Systems Through The Components Of Decisions 124 Shaw, Robert Developing Intranet and Extranet Business Application for a Large Travel Agent 162 B-23

Shear, Victor H. Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 Sheppard, C. L. Dublin Core and the Alternative Interface Access Protocol 44 Shi, Cheng-Gen An Algorithm For Linear Bi-level Programming Problems 119 Shimokawa, Toshihiko The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Shin, Dong H. Development of Ultra-Fine Grained Ti and Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion 38 Shipbaugh, Calvin Dual-Use Technology Program for a Passenger-Cargo Rotorcraft 7 Shobe, Katharine K. Submarine Information Organization and Prioritization and Submarine Officer of the Deck Experience 204 Shrubsole, Martha J. Folate and Breast Cancer: Role of Intake, Blood Levels, and Metabolic Gene Polymorphisms 101 Shu, Chi-Wang High Order Numerical Methods for Convection Dominated Problems 176 Shue, Li-Yen The Development of a Knowledge System for ISO 9001 Quality Management 148 Shukiar, Herbert J. Upgrading an Office Automation Environment: The Army s DCSPER Automation Project 205 Shull, James D. Breast Cancer Training Program 89 Shulman, Seth Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Shumaker, Todd Risk Assessment of the Naval Postgraduate School Gigabit Network 146 Signoretti, Sabina The Basal Cell Marker p63 and Prostate Stem Cells 77 Silva, Augusto E-Services In Mission-Critical Organizations: Identification Enforcement 129 Silva, Joao Paulo Domingos Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Silva, Lizandro A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Silverstein, G. Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report. Grace Hill Neighborhood Services, 94083, St. Louis, Missouri 47 Simmons, Jessica ASK Magazine 193 Simoes, Gabriel Analyzing Web Chat Messages for Recommending Items from a Digital Library 202 Simpson, T. B. Using Laser Diode Instabilities for Chip- Scale Stable Frequency References 57 Sioris, C. E. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Sioris, Christopher E. Undersampling Correction for Array Detector-Based Satellite Spectrometers 56 Sisco, Jimmy D. Rapid Ascent Simulation at NASA- MSFC 19 Skinner, J. Application of Control Theory in the Formation of a Timescale 172 Skoog, Mark A. Automatic Air Collision Avoidance System (Auto-ACAS) 11 Skourlas, Christos Implementing Knowledge Management Techniques For Security Purposes 198 Slane, Patrick Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Smalley, Joshua Occupational Survey Report AFSC 2M0X1 Missile and Space Systems Electronic Maintenance 12 Smith,B.F. Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 Smith,B.L. Improving the Effectiveness of Traffic Monitoring Based on Wireless Location Technology 45 Smith, Ben Demonstrating Robotic Autonomy in NASA s Intelligent Systems Project 172 Soares, Daniel Alencar Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 SoaresdeMello, Joao ISYDS: Integrated System For Decision Support 124 Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Sohn, M. D. Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 Soininen, Timo Integrating Design Document Management Systems Using the Rosettanet E-Business Framework 131 Sol, H. Particle Acceleration and Magnetic Field Generation in Electron-Positron Relativistic Shocks 211 Solvberg, Ingeborg Semantics-Based Retrieval In P2P Network: A Vision 159 Somacher, Matteo Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 Somers, L. Evaluation of the Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program. Case Study Report, Los Angeles Free-Net, 94026, Tarzana, California 46 Sorescu, M. Pulsed Laser Deposition of Magnetic Multilayers for the Grant Entitled Laser Processing of Advanced Magnetic Materials 184 Soules, S. M. Using Architectures for Research, Development, and Acquisition 48 Spahn, Francis J. Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 Spalazzi, Luca A P2P-Based Infrastructure For Virtual- Enterprise s Supply-Chain Management 167 Sparr, R. J. D. Ozone Profiles and Tropospheric Ozone from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 69 Spearing, Scott F. Lab-On-a-Chip Application Development (LOCAD): Bridging Technology Readiness for Exploration 110 Speck, James S. Low Noise Amplifiers Based on Lattice Engineered Substrates 36 Order Lattices of Quantum Dots 188 Spenneberg, Dirk Exploration of Planetary Terrains with a Legged Robot as a Scout Adjunct to a Rover 213 B-24

Sridhar V. Context Aware Collaboration in Enterprises 202 Stahl, H. Philip Future Space Telescope Mirror Technology Requirements 55 Stalker, Aaron D. First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 Stallcop, James R. Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 Stankov, Boba Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Starcevic, Dusan An Agent Based Virtual Medical Devices 157 Starks, Patrick Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer C and X Band Microwave Observations During SMEX03 54 Stasko, Daniel Protonated Arenes as Solid Proton Conducting Electrolytes 35 Stavrovsky, Boris Financial Reporting: An Internet Clearinghouse 192 Stearns, Carrie Role of the Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ACK2 in EGF Receptor Degradation 78 Stefanescu, D. M. Evolution of In-Situ Generated Reinforcement Precipitates in Metal Matrix Composites 32 Stein, Lynn A. Shifting the Computational Paradigm 140 Steinwart, I. Classification Framework for Anomaly Detection 112 Fast Rates for Support Vector Machines 117 Sparseness of Support Vector Machines- Some Asymptotically Sharp Bounds 115 Sparseness of Support Vector Machines 114 Stability of Unstable Learning Algorithms 116 Stelmakh, S. Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 Stockheim, Tim How To Build a Multi-Multi-Agent System: The Agent.Enterprise Approach 120 Stoto, Michael A. Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California 102 Su, C. Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Te: Density, Electrical Conductivity, and Viscosity 34 Suggs, Robert M. Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 Sui, Nien Trusted e-mail: A Proposed Approach To Prevent Credit Card Fraud in Soft- Products E-Commerce 167 Sullivan, Keith Evolving Optimal Submunition Design for Attacking Relocatable Targets 20 Suna, Alexandru Resource Sharing and Load Balancing Based on Agent Mobility 130 Sutliff, Thomas A Glass Can Be Half Full: Even in Microgravity 194 Swartz, D. A. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Swartz, Douglas A. A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Sweeney, Christopher Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk 9 Sweet, Adam J. Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Sweigard, R. Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 Swift, Wesley R. Meteor44 Video Meteor Photometry 206 Syiam, Mostafa Unsupervised Artificial Neural Networks for Clustering of Document Collections 151 Szofran, F. R. Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 Ta, Tuan Anh Data Zooming: A Challenge for Exploring the Semantic Web 126 Tagarelli, Andrea Mining Scientific Results Through The Combined Use Of Clustering And Linear Programming Techniques 174 Tagliassuchi, Gustavo A Virtual Assistant for Websites 127 Taguchi, Kenji Modelling Mobile Agent Applications by Extended UML Activity Diagram 134 Taillefert, A. Allison Unit CO(2)-ECBM Pilot: A Reservoir Modeling Study 70 Tang, Y. Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 62 Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 Tang, Yue Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 Tanielian, Terri Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Taraboulos, Albert Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Test for the Detection of Prions in Cultured Cells 92 Tarantilis, Georgios E. Simulating Clouds with Procedural Texturing Techniques Using the GPU 139 Tardy, Barbara Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 Task, Harry L. Dynamic Visual Acuity Assessment Through Visors 109 Techet, A. H. Experimental Study of Flapping Fins in the MIT Water Tunnel 53 Tennant, Allyn F. A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Tew, Roy C. Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 Thai, Mai M-Computing System for Enterprises: A Design Framework 167 Thatcher, T. L. Factors Affecting the Concentration of Outdoor Particles Indoors (COPI): Identification of Data Needs and Existing Data 69 B-25

Thiagarajan, G. Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 Thirumalainambi, Rajkumar Integration of Dynamic Models in Range Operations 19 Internet Based Simulations of Debris Dispersion of Shuttle Launch 22 Thomas, David A. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis for US Army Recruiting Input Allocation 182 Thomas, Roger J. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Thome, Antonio Carlos Face Pattern Detection 108 Thompson, Michelle Topical Application of Phosphate Amendments to Lead-Contaminated Small Arms Firing Range Soils 31 Tibbitts, Scott The Morning Meeting 194 Tielens, A. G. G. M. High Excitation Gas and ISM 212 Ting, Nyik Peer-to-Peer Network Simulation 156 Tinto, Masimo LISA: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna 71 Tisnado, Diana Quality of Breast Cancer Care: The Role of Hispanic Ethnicity, Language, and Socioeconomic Position 93 Tobias, Leonard Air Traffic Control Decision Support Tools for Noise Mitigation 5 Noise Mitigation Controller Tools 4 Toivonen, Santtu Using Interaction Protocols In Distributed Construction Processes 136 Tolliver, Larry R. Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures 61 Tomaiuolo, Michele Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 Tongcharoensirikul, Pakamas Synthesis of Estrogen Receptor Beta Selective 17-Substituted Estradiols for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer 88 Townsend, Bill No Launch Before Its Time 196 Tran, Daniel Advanced Diagnostic System on Earth Observing One 23 Trent, Jonathan D. A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Trentadue, Luciano A Modular, Reconfigurable Surveillance UAV Architecture 11 Trevino, Luis C. Software for Intelligent System Health Management (ISHM) 168 Space Flight Software Development Software for Intelligent System Health Management 121 Trigui, Noureddine Design and Implementation of a Database for an Integrated System for Daily Management in an Industrial and Commercial Organization 204 Trubitsyna, Irina Mining Scientific Results Through The Combined Use Of Clustering And Linear Programming Techniques 174 Truck, Isis Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 Truica, Christina I. EGFR Pathway Modulation in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast 106 Tsai, Ming-Yu Automatic Integration of Inter-Enterprise Processes with Hierarchical Broker Framework 159 Tsang, Kwong Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial 100 Tsui, David T. Analysis of Trace Level Perchlorate in Drinking Water and Ground Water by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry 37 Tucker, George E. In-Flight Assessment of a Pursuit Guidance Display Format for Manually Flown Precision Instrument Approaches 9 Tung, Chee Performance and Flowfield Measurements on a 10-inch Ducted Rotor VTOL UAV 10 Turci, Paola Using Agent Platforms For Service Composition 158 Turner, Mark G. Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 Turowska, Magdalena Application of Uncertain Variables to Stability Analysis and Stabilization for ABR ATM Congestion Control Systems 113 Tuss, P. 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Phase 1 Final Report 117 Valdez, Robert O. Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California 102 Valentinis, Francis A Modular, Reconfigurable Surveillance UAV Architecture 11 Valle, Carla Decision Follow-Up Support Mechanism Based On Asynchronous Communication 201 Van Dyke Parunak, H. Agents Overcoming Resource Independent Scaling Threats 181 Van Wie, David M. Systems and Methods for Secure Transaction Management and Electronic Rights Protection 144 vandenheuvel, Willem-Jan Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 Web Service Component Markets: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Third Wave of Software Marketplaces 165 VanderSluys, Veerle Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 B-26

VandeWalle, Bartel Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 VanDyk, Liezl Warehousing and Mining of Higher Education Data: Using Existing Data to Manage Quality 120 vaneck, Pascal Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 vanhillegersberg, Jos Web Service Component Markets: A Comprehensive Assessment of the Third Wave of Software Marketplaces 165 Vanichvisuttikul, Sakuna The Assessment of E-Commerce Awareness on Highly Valuable Traditional Products in Thailand 164 VanPoucke, Jonas Design and Implementation of a Scalable Fuzzy Case-Based Matching Engine 122 Vanthienen, Jan Comprehensible Credit-Scoring Knowledge Visualization Using Decision Tables and Diagrams 197 Web Usage Mining with Time Constrained Association Rules 125 Varghese, A. G. Experimental Investigation of Bond-Slip Relationship between Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) Bars and Concrete 33 Vassileva, Julita A Case Study on Social Network in a Computer Game 190 Seamless Communication And Access To Information For Mobile Users In A Wireless Environment 43 Vazquez, Jacinto Mata Applying Data Mining To Software Development Projects: A Case Study 124 Vedala, Radha Efficient Multicast E-Services Over APP- CAST; by Exploiting Network Topology and Broadcast Media Properties 129 Veiga, Luis Turning the Web Into an Effective Knowledge Repository 155 Velloso, Maria Fernandes Monthly Flow Estimation Using Elman Neural Networks 170 Veloso, Miguel Model-Based Collaborative Filtering for Team Building Support 125 Vento, Mario A Semi-Automatic Bayesian Algorithm for Ontology Learning 112 Bayesian Network Structural Learning From Data: An Algorithms Comparison 147 Veres, Joseph P. Multi-Fidelity Simulation of a Turbofan Engine With Results Zoomed Into Mini- Maps for a Zero-D Cycle Simulation 54 Veskioja, Tarmo Majority Voting In Stable Marriage Problem With Couples 189 Vicari, Rosa Maria AMPLIA Learning Environment: A Proposal for Pedagogical Negotiation 165 Viglianti, Benjamin Predicted Drug Concentration Distribution Using a Validated Finite Element Model in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer 79 Vignollet, Laurence A Contact Recommender System for a Mediated Social Media 160 Vila, M. A. An Experience in Management of Imprecise Soil Databases by Means of Fuzzy Association Rules and Fuzzy Approximate Dependencies 146 Villahermosa, R. M. Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites 39 Vimieiro, Renato Optimization Of Neural Network s Training Sets Via Clustering: Application In Solar Collector Representation 173 Vivona, Robert En route Descent Advisor Concept for Efficient Arrival Metering Conformance 4 Vo, Duc Agent Programming Language with Incomplete Knowledge: AgentSpeak(I) 132 Voehandu, Leo Data Mining: Pattern Mining As A Clique Extracting Task 200 Volz,M.P. Detached Growth of Germanium by Directional Solidification 188 Vrelj, Bojan Equalization With Oversampling in Multiuser CDMA Systems 52 Wachter, Stefanie Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Wadsworth, D. C. Particle Simulation of Plume-Plume and Plume-Surface Interactions 140 Wai, C. M. Solvent Effects on Cesium Complexation with Crown Ethers from Liquid to Supercritical Fluids 29 Waite,J.H. X-MIME: An Imaging X-ray Spectrometer for Detailed Study of Jupiter s Icy Moons and the Planet s X-ray Aurora 55 Walker, David N. On Plasma Sheath Resonant Energy Absorption in Collisionless Plasmas 187 Walker, David T. Hydrodynamic Modeling for Stationary Breaking Waves 54 Wall, D. M. Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 Wallace, Manolis Robust, Generalized, Quick and Efficient Agglomerative Clustering 149 Walston, S. Joint Development of a Fourth Generation Single Crystal Superalloy 38 Wang, Dun-You Chemistry Modeling for Aerothermodynamics and TPS 53 Wang, Fen Strategic DMSS for E-Business Planning 191 Wang, Wenyuan Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model 125 Result Comparison of Two Rough Set Based Discretization Algorithms 119 Warner, David The Development of a Hands-On Unmanned Aerial Vehicle/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Flight Test and Evaluation 7 Warner, R. Carbon Sequestration Surface Mine Lands 66 Warnock, T. Shape Descriptor Based on the Line Scan Transform 114 Warrick, Cynthia Pharmacists as Health Educators and Risk Communicators in the Prevention of Prostate Cancer 85 Wasserman, Jeffrey Gaps in Public Health Preparedness. Lessons Learned in California 102 Watanabe, Kenzi The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Watenpaugh, Donald E. Exercise Aboard Attack Submarines: Rationale and New Options 107 Weaver, Valerie M. Cell Adhesion-Linked Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases and Breast Cancer Metastasis 104 Weber, Eicke R. Analysis of Stoichiometry-Related Defects in Group III - Nitrides 35 B-27

Weiser, Douglas C. The Role of GADD34 (Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-Inducible Protein) in Regulating Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Protein Synthesis in Human Breast Cancer Cells 89 Weisskopf, Martin C. A Multiwavelength Search for a Counterpart of the Brightest Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG 078+2) 207 Wemmer, David E. New Structural Approaches to Understanding the Disease Related Forms of the Prion Protein 87 Werner, Julianne M. Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring 56 Wertz, George Solar Sail Material Performance Property Response to Space Environmental Effects 21 West, E. A. The Marshall Space Flight Center Solar Ultraviolet Magnetograph 55 Whatley, Janice Software Agents for Supporting Student Team Project Work 129 White,J.M. Indexing Multispectral Images for Content-Based Retrieval 203 White, Joseph D. Common Time Reference for Naval Systems 41 White,S.W. Midcontinent Interactive Digital Carbon Atlas and Relational Database (MID- CARB) 68 Wiemer, David Molecular Basis for the Toxicity of Schweinfurthins to Breast Cancer Cells 83 Wile, David S. En-Gauging Architectures 139 Williams, James C. Intelligent Propulsion System Foundation Technology: Summary of Research 27 Williams, R. G. Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 Willis, Henry Unexploded Ordnance: A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Methods 181 Wilson, Candy S. Treatment for Recurrent Vulvovaginitis Candidiasis: An Overview of Traditional and Alternative Therapies 97 Wilson, D. Data Quality Control and Emissions Inventories of OCS Oil and Gas Production Activities in the Breton Area of the Gulf of Mexico 64 Gulfwide Emission Inventory Study for the Regional Haze and Ozone Modeling Efforts 64 Wilson, Jeffrey D. Frequency Bandwidth Optimization of Left-Handed Metamaterial 50 Wilson, K. V. Solution Behavior of Modified Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polymers by Light Scattering Investigation 29 Wilson, Scott D. Overview 2004 of NASA-Stirling Convertor CFD Model Development and Regenerator R and D Efforts 28 Wong, D. Immunity-Based Aircraft Fault Detection System 16 Wong, Wayne A. Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 28 Wood, Tom First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 Woodcock, Gordon Advanced Chemical Propulsion Study 40 In-Space Chemical Propulsion System Model 26 Wooden, D. H. High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp 213 Woods, Peter M. Precise Localization of the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1627-41 with Chandra and the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar AXP 1E1841-045 with Chandra 207 Woodward, C. E. High Silicate Crystalline-to-Amorphous Ratios in Comets C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) and Hale-Bopp 213 Woodward, Richard P. Noise Benefits of Increased Fan Bypass Nozzle Area 1 Woosley, S. E. An Off-Axis Model for GRB 031203 208 Wu, Kinwah A Multi-Wavelength Study of the X-Ray Sources in the NGC 5018 206 Wu, S. Development of Online Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 62 Development of On-Line Instrumentation and Techniques to Detect and Measure Particulates 66 Wu, Shanchan Predicting Web Requests Efficiently Using a Probability Model 125 Result Comparison of Two Rough Set Based Discretization Algorithms 119 Wundara, Manfred Toolkits Supporting Open Innovation In e-government 166 Wygnanski, Israel J. First-In-Flight Full-Scale Application of Active Flow Control: The XV-15 Tiltrotor Download Reduction 13 Wynn, Barbara Health Benefits for Medicare-Eligible Military Retirees: Rationalizing TRICARE for Life 107 Xu, Chen-Guang Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 Xu, Zhujun Recent Research and Future Directions in Mobile Agents for Mobile Devices 164 Yahyaoui, Hamdi Towards an Agent-Based and Context- Oriented Approach 137 Yakhief, Ali Process Design and Outsourcing Issues in E-Commerce 161 Yamane, Shiji The Project Of Virtual Laboratory For Informal Communication On Gigabit Network 160 Yasinsac, Alex Secure Tactical Mobile Intelligent Agents 47 Yeo, Hyeonsoo Assessment of Comprehensive Analysis Calculation of Structural Loads on Rotors 10 Yim, Pascal A Distributed Transient Inter-Production Scheduling For Flexible Manufacturing Systems 189 Yoon, Young-Bok Optimal Design of Hybrid Composite Flywheel Rotor Phase II 62 Younes, Amine Ait Image Classification According To The Dominant Color 121 Younis, Mohamed Mining Sequential Patterns with Regular Expression Constraints Using Sequential Pattern Tree 149 Youssef, Mohammed Underlying Platform of the e-commerce System: J2EE Versus NET 158 Yu, Leslie A Web-Enabled Mobile Agent Platform for E-Commerce 121 Integrating Software Agents with the Existing Web Infrastructure 134 Yue, Wu-Yi Optimal Allocation In Sequential Internet Auction Systems With Reserve Price 154 B-28

Zaluzec, Nestor J. A Robust and Engineerable Self- Assembling Protein Template for the Synthesis and Patterning of Ordered Nanoparticle Arrays 59 Zarate, Luis Enrique Data Mining Application in Clinical Data of Patients with Nephrolithiasis 75 ZareBidoki, Ali Mohammad Analysis of Priority and Partitioning Effects on Web Crawling Performance 155 Zemroch, P. J. Effect of Fuel Cetane Quality on Light- Duty Diesel Performance 58 Zeng, F. Ultrasonic Velocity and Texture of High RRR Niobium 29 Zeng, Xing-Jie An XML-Based Bootstrapping Method For Pattern Acquisition 146 Zhang, Dong-Mo An XML-Based Bootstrapping Method For Pattern Acquisition 146 Zhang, Gouying Initiating Events in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Somatic activation of Beta- Catenin 92 Zhang, Jing Bing Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 Zhao, Liping Designing a Web-Based Application Framework 135 Zhao, Mai-Huan Assessment Of Spillage Of Large-Scale Hydropower Plant Undertaking Spinning Reserve 62 Zhao, Y. Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Vibrations of Bulk and Surface Atoms of Nanocrystalline SiC 185 Zhao, Yi Zhi Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 Zhou, J. Recent Results in Search for New Physics at the Tevatron (Run I) 184 Zhou, Qiang Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System 99 Zhu, Qing Monitoring Cancer Oxygenation Changes Induced by Ultrasound 104 Zhuang, Li Qun Dynamic Negotiation for Real-Time Manufacturing Execution 147 Ziatev, Zlatko Semantic Support for Automated Negotiation with Alliances 154 Zipser, Edward J. Three Years of TRMM Precipitation Features 72 Zulaica, D. P. Digital Image Synthesizers: Are Enemy Sensors Really Seeing What s There? 49 B-29