UFRJ UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO Wind Energy in Brazil: perspectives from an ademic/research point of view Mauricio Aredes COPPE / UFRJ Federal University of Rio de Janeiro BRAZIL
Power Grid of the Future o The integration of renewable power plants (PV and wind) uses power-electronics converters. Wind Turbine SG variable speed generation maximum power point trking STATCOM retive power support loads PV-Generator maximum power point trking 2
Virtual Synchronous Generator emulated by a power-electronics converter: contributes to the large scale integration of distributed generators, improves the operation of the power grid. Medium Voltage Wind Turbine SG system VSG 3
The Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) is a solution to: the compensation of the intermittency of the renewable energy generation and damping of power oscillations (frequency control) the need for auxiliary power: intermittent => Positive AND negative power needed; averaged auxiliary power is ZERO the need for energy storage systems (auxiliary energy) Retive power is a means to control voltage and thereby secure tive power supply A stable grid starts with a stable frequency 4 PEPQA 2013 - Bogota
Power Grid of the Future o Energy storage system using a power-electronics converter. low-bandwidth communication links Primary Control: droop method and virtual impedance loop Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) Energy Storage E sec sec Secondary Control: voltage and frequency restorer Wind Turbine SG Grid E Grid 5
Future needs for power system operation and control Droop Control, Virtual Impedance Loop, Hierarchical Control, Energy Management Systems. low-bandwidth communication links E sec sec Secondary Control: voltage and frequency restorer Grid E Primary Control: droop method and virtual impedance loop Grid Tertiary Control: P and Q exchange between the main and the micro grid Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) Energy Storage P Grid Q Grid Wind Turbine SG Energy Management System iupqc STATCOM SCADA System 6
Overview of a power grid of the future system Static Circuit Breaker V, I P,Q Control Active Filter loads DVR premium-quality power supply for sensitive loads low-bandwidth communication links E sec sec Secondary Control: voltage and frequency restorer Grid E Primary Control: droop method and virtual impedance loop Grid Tertiary Control: P and Q exchange between the main and the micro grid Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) Energy Storage P Grid Q Grid Wind Turbine SG Energy Management System iupqc STATCOM SCADA System loads PV-Gen. premium-quality power supply for non-linear loads 7
Full-scale converter and direct driven synchronous generators Permanent Magnetic SG Wound Rotor SG 8
Wind turbine with DFIG technology Gearbox and Doubly Fed Induction Generator 9
Trends of Technologies Blade & Wind Rotor & Gearbox & Generator Closed Modular System (prepkaged entity) Mature technology Wind turbines up to 2,3 MW Synchronous generator DFIG (doubly-fed induction generator) Secondary Innovation Tropicalization of the technology Components adaptations for the Brazilian climate and wind regime 10
Trends of Technologies Power electronics converters Closed Modular System (prepkaged entity) rapid evolution of the technology Compt and weightless component part multinational manufturers of wind turbines are avoiding the local production of the power converters High-tech component part employment of skilled labor massive investment in R&D 11
Trends of Technologies Nelle & Tower & Power Transformer Modular system Mature (old) technology Heavy and bulky component parts Its local production is a profitable alternative for the multinational manufturers of wind turbines Manuftures require better logistics and infrastructure Low technology content and low aggregate value Massive employment of unskilled workers Insignificant investment in R&D 12
Grupo EDP ADELCO Sist. Energia LEMT: Filtros Ativos Compensação de correntes harmônicas em usina eólicas
Compensation of voltage fluctuation in (smart) grids: STATCOM for wind power plants Wind turbines 14
O ministro da Ciência e Tecnologia da República Popular da China, Wan Gang, assinou no dia 9 de agosto de 2012, na sede da Coppe/UFRJ, ordo de cooperação que amplia as atividades do Centro China-Brasil de Mudanças Climáticas e Tecnologias Inovadoras para Energia. Com a extensão do convênio, o Centro passará a se dedicar, também, a estudos nas áreas de energia eólica e solar, veículos elétricos, fontes de baixo carbono, planejamento energético e energia dos oceanos. 15
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for establishing The COPPE-GUODIAN Wind Energy Technology Center COPPE UFRJ Graduate School of Engineering of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and Guodian United Power Technology Company MoU signed on April 5th, 2012 Su Jian Maurício Aredes 16 MoU The COPPE-GUODIAN Wind Energy Technology Center 16 COPPE/UFRJ - 05 April 2012
UFRJ Centro COPPE de Tecnologia em Energia Eólica Centro China-Brasil de Mudança Climática e Tecnologias Inovadoras para Energia ABEEolica: Rede Nional de Inovação ADELCO: STATCOM-BR e Filtros Ativos e... CenTec COPPE Eólica Novos Parceiros ANEEL: P&D Estratégicos GUODIAN: MoU de Cooperação P&D&I Empresas Nativas: Transferência de Tecnologias BNDES/FNDCT: Campo de Testes e Sede do CenTec ICTs & IESs: P&D&I Cooperados CenTec COPPE Eólica Centro COPPE de Tecnologia em Energia Eólica 17
Muchas grias! Obrigado!