Time Shift, Leisure and Tourism Impacts of Time Allocation on Successful Products and Services Edited by Klaus Weiermair, Harald Pechlaner, Thomas Bieger With Contributions by Paul Ankomah, Rodolfo Baggio, Pietro Beritelli, Thomas Bieger, Alexandra Brunner-Sperdin, Nancy Chesworth, Magda Antonioli Corigliano, David K. Foot, Matthias Fuchs, Carla Furlan, Juergen Gnoth, Geoffrey Godbey, Sven Greie, Barbara Hölzl, Georg Hoffmann, Ivanka Avelini Holjevac, Robert Home, Antti Honkanen, Kai Illing, Christian Laesser, Trent Larson, Mara Manente, Helga Maskarin, Valeria Minghetti, Federica Montaguti, Gabriele Morello, Sabine Müller, Matthias Muskat, Elodie Paget, Harald Pechlaner, Mike Peters, Birgit Pikkemaat, Heinz-Dieter Quack, Margit Raich, Marcia Sakai, Anja Saretzki, Wolfgang Schobersberger, Markus Schuckert, Egon Smeral, Gritt Sonnenberg, Kristian Sund, Patricia Vagners, Klaus Weiermair, Robert Weinert, Hannes Werthner, Fabian Widmann, Andreas Wittmer, Karlheinz Wöhler, Andreas Zins ERICH SCHMIDT VERLAG
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Table of Content Klaus Weiermair, Harald Pechlaner, Thomas Bieger Introduction and Overview...3 Part I: Changing and Use of Leisure Time Gabriele Morello If you waste your time, you waste your life The Growing Awareness of Time and Temporality...7 Geoffrey Godbey The Future of Work and Leisure: More Customized and Contingent Across Time...17 Part II: The Future of Education and Leisure Time David K. Foot Tourism and Education in Western Europe: A Demographic Perspective...31 Matthias Fuchs, Klaus Weiermair Leisure Preference, Human Capital Investment and Labour Supply: An Economic Analysis with Tourism Students...49 Margit Raich, Mike Peters Attitudes towards Entrepreneurship: Student s perceptions of Leisure and Working Time...63 Robert Home Is there Room in the Suitcase for Values? Visitor Attitudes towards Environmental Management in Tasmania...73 Egon Smeral Evaluating Leisure Time Travel Source markets: An innovative Guide for National Tourist Organisations for future competitiveness...85 V
Table of Content Part III: The Future of Working and Leisure Time Klaus Weiermair Squeezed for Time: Future patterns of Time Allocation between Work and Leisure...95 Marcia Sakai Tourism Futures and the Allocation of Time to Work, Leisure, Education, and Recovery: An Experience Economy Approach...109 Thomas Bieger, Pietro Beritelli, Robert Weinert, Fabian Widmann Demographic and economic change and their impact on second home utilisation in Swiss tourist destinations...119 Antti Honkanen Seasonality as a marketing response to time allocation: The Finnish tourism case...131 Part IV: The Future of Recovery and Leisure Time Wolfgang Schobersberger, Patricia Vagners, Sven Greie, Georg Hoffmann The Future of Recovery and Leisure Time...147 Valeria Minghetti, Maria Carla Furlan From medical holidays to global wellness experiences: The new age of health tourism...155 Kai Illing Mental Issues on the Health Tourism Industry A macro-economic Approach to Relaxation, Personal Growth, and Consciousness Exploration...165 Nancy Chesworth The Baby Boom Generation and Leisure and Travel in the Future...177 Part V: Trends towards Pure Leisure Karlheinz Wöhler Trends towards pure Leisure: Leisure as ritual performance...187 VI
Table of Content Ivanka Avelini Holjevac, Helga Maskarin The Future and Leisure Time: Wellness offer in Hotels Croatian Experience...195 Andreas Zins Centrality of Recreational Activities: Hiking and Biking Illustrated...203 Anja Saretzki, Gritt Sonnenberg, Karlheinz Wöhler Wellness as a hybrid phenomenon...221 Birgit Pikkemaat, Markus Schuckert The New Customer in the Experience Economy Implications for the Management of Theme Parks with an Edutainment Focus...233 Sabine Müller, Alexandra Brunner-Sperdin Entertainment, Attraction and Engagement: Pre-Condition for the new holiday experience and leisure time...249 Part VI: Mobility and Technology Thomas Bieger, Christian Laesser, Andreas Wittmer Perspectives of mobility in leisure and tourism About the customer value of transport...267 Mara Manente, Federica Montaguti Isolated in the Centre Perception of Accessibility and Mobility Role in the Spreading of Venice Tourist Region...285 Matthias Muskat, Heinz-Dieter Quack The demographic change in Germany Implications on tourism and leisure activity of aged people in the year 2015...305 Kristian J. Sund The geographical Distribution and Concentration Hotels in Switzerland...317 Barbara Hölzl, Harald Pechlaner Automobile and Tourism Ltd Analysis of mobility criteria in tourism package offers of the automobile industry...325 VII
Table of Content Part VII: E-Tourism Rodolfo Baggio, Magda Antonioli Corigliano Tourism, technology, information and the relationship with customers...341 Jürgen Gnoth The Function and Dynamics of Clusters in Destinations as virtual Service Firms: Responding to the Future...353 Trent Larson, Paul Ankomah Evaluating Web Site Complexity: The Case of International Tourism in Europe...365 Contributors...377 VIII
Contributors Paul Ankomah is Associate Professor at North Carolina A & T State University, USA. Rodolfo Baggio is lecturer at the Bocconi University for Computer Science and coordinates the Information and Communication Technologies area in the Master of Tourism and Economics Programme. Pietro Beritelli has studied Business Administration at the University St. Gallen (HSG) with emphasis on travel and transport and is specialised in destination management Thomas Bieger is Professor of Business Administration with specialisation in Tourism and head of the Institute for Public Services and Tourism at the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland. Alexandra Brunner-Sperdin is Assistant at the Department of General and Tourism Management at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Nancy Chesworth teaches tourism and hospitality management at Mount St. Vincent University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Magda Antonioli Corigliano is Professor of Macroeconomics and of Economics of Tourism, an is Director of the Master in Tourism and Economics at Bocconi University, Milan, Italy David K Foot is Professor of Economics at the University of Toronto and is co-author of the bestselling books Boom Bust and Echo: How to Profit from the Coming Demographic Shift Matthias Fuchs is Professor at Centre for Tourism and Service Economics at the Innsbruck University, Austria. Maria Carla Furlan is Senior Researcher at CISET, the International Centre of Study on the Tourist Economy of Ca Foscari University. Juergen Gnoth works at the Department of Marketing, University of Otago, New Zealand. Geoffrey Godbey is Professor Emeritus of Leisure Studies at The Pennsylvania State University and the President of Insight--In sight, a consulting firm. Sven Greie works at the Institute for Leisure, Travel and Alpine Medicine at the UMIT, Hall/Tyrol. Georg Hoffmann is Research Director of the Institute for Leisure, Travel and Alpine Medicine at the UMIT, Hall/Tyrol. Ivanka Avelini Holjevac is Full Professor at the Department for Business Economics, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management in Opatija, University of Rijeka, Croatia. Barbara Hölzl is research assistant at the Institute for Management and Tourism of the European Academy of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy (EURAC research). 377
Contributors Robert A. Home is a post graduate student at the School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, Australia. Antti Honkanen is Principal Lecturer in Vaasa Polytechnic, Business Economics and Tourism. Kai Illing is senior lecturer at the University of Applied Sciences JOANNEUM in Graz/Bad Gleichenberg, Austria in the Faculty of Health Management in Tourism. Christian Laesser is Professor for Tourism and Service Management at the University of St. Gallen and is senior researcher and deputy director at the Institute for Public Services and Tourism. Trent Larson is Associate Professor at North Carolina A & T State University, USA. Mara Manente is Director of CISET, the International Centre of Study on the Tourist Economy of Ca Foscari University. Helga Maskarin is Assistant Professor, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management in Opatija, University of Rijeka, Croatia. Valeria Minghetti is Senior Researcher at CISET, the International Centre of Study on the Tourist Economy of Ca Foscari University of Venice. Federica Montaguti is researcher at CISET, the International Centre of Studies on the Tourist Economy of Ca Foscari University of Venice. Gabriele Morello is Professor of Business Statistics at the University of Palermo and Professor Emeritus of Marketing at the Free Univeristy Amsterdam. Sabine Müller is Assistant at the Department of General and Tourism Management at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Matthias Muskat is Research Associate at the University of Applied Sciences Braunschweig/Wolfenbuettel, Salzgitter, Germany. Harald Pechlaner is is scientific collaborator at the European Academy Bolzano/Bozen, Italy and holds a Foundation Professorship of Tourism at the Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany. Mike Peters is Assistant Professor at the Department of General and Tourism Management at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Birgit Pikkemaat is Assistant Professor at the Department of General and Tourism Management at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Heinz-Dieter Quack is Director of the ETI European Institute for Tourism, Trier, Germany. Margit Raich is Assistant Professor at the Department of General and Tourism Management of the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Marcia Sakai is the founding Dean of the College of Business and Economics, University of Hawaii at Hilo, and holds the rank of Professor in Tourism and Economics. 378
Contributors Anja Saretzki is lecturer at the I.F.S.B. (Institute of Leisure Research and Physical Education), University of Lüneburg/Germany. Wolfgang Schobersberger is director of the Institute for Leisure, Travel and Alpine Medicine at the UMIT, Hall/Tyrol. Markus Schuckert is Assistant at the Department of General and Tourism Management at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Egon Smeral is an economist at the Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO) in Vienna and teaches at the Universities of Innsbruck and Vienna, Austria. Gritt Sonnenberg is Research Assistant at the Institute of Leisure Research and Physical Education at the University of Lüneburg, Germany. Kristian J. Sund is doctoral student at the University of Lausanne and a Lecturer in Economics at the Univesrity of Applied Sciences of Eastern Switzerland. Patricia Vagners manages health-oriented tourism projects at the Institute for Leisure, Travel and Alpine Medicine at the UMIT, Hall/Tyrol. Klaus Weiermair is Professor in the Department of General and Tourism Management at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Robert Weinert has studied Business Administration at the University of St. Gallen (HSG) with emphasis on travel and transport. Fabian Widmann, has studied human-geography, regional-planning, business and tourism at the Technische Universität (TUM) and the Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität (LMU) in Munich and Westminster University in London. Andreas Wittmer is Research Associate at the Institute of Public Services and Tourism at the University of St. Gallen. Karlheinz Wöhler holds a chair in Empirical and Applied Tourism Sciences at the University of Lueneburg, Germany. Andreas H. Zins is Associate Professor at the Institute for Tourism and Leisure Studies at the Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration. 379