Territorio Energia Ambiente WP 3.1.3 Programma Central Europe - Progetto MANERGY renewable energy sources WP 3.1.3 - Regional studies on local authorities energy consumption renewable energy sources Incentivare la fornitura autonoma di energia a livello regionale basata su energy
Project Partner/ Contracting body Treviso Province Head of building and Housing Department Mr. Antonio Zonta, engineer Energy Manager Mr. Maurizio Tufaro, engineer International Relations Department Miss Rossella Cendron PP5 Project Manager Working group Venetoprogetti s.c. - ECUBA Marcello Antinucci, physicist Andrea Claser, architect Raffaele Gerometta, spatial planner Valeria Polizzi, spatial planner Michele Brombal, environmental engineer Giuseppe Segno, spatial planner 2
CONTENT LIST Background... 4 ELEMENTS OF THE TREVISO ENERGY CONCEPT... 5 The following pages summarise the progresses related to the three tasks of WP3.... 6 WP 3.1.3: Regional studies on local authorities energy consumption... 6 AIM OF THE RESEARCH:... 6 METHODOLOGY... 6 STATE OF ART AT 29/02/2012... 7 PRIORITIES FOR INTERVENTIONS... 7 IMPACT ON ANNUAL ENERGY EXPENDITURE...16 ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDICATORS... 7 Action 1: external insulation...18 Action 2: boiler substitution...19 Action on artificial lighting in buildings...21 Building codes:...21 CONCLUSIONS...22 3
Background The WP 3 of the MANERGY project is dedicated to Elaborating regional energy concepts through three steps: Regional energy concepts Transnational strategy for defining energy concepts Setting up Regional Working Group The strategic focus consists in defining regional energy concepts, to ensure the optimal matching of the energy consumption occurring in the properties of the local authorities and the increased use of renewable energy sources. The Province of Treviso is a NUT 3 administrative level, while Regione Veneto is its corresponding NUT 2 administrative level: nevertheless, the term regional energy concept will always be referred in the following to the Province of Treviso NUT 3 level. The partner Province of Treviso has decided to identify its regional energy concept as the policies targeted to the increased energy efficiency (EE) and extended use of renewable energy sources (RES) in the public buildings of all Local Administration located in the province land, extended to street lighting whenever possible. To map the demand, the Province decided to analyse the energy consumption measures and characteristics of the local authorities in their regions, while, for mapping the supply, has decided to map the already implemented RES systems and also to explore the exploitable regional RES, examining the potential energy resources in a GIS tool. In the areas where the RES potential is significant, the information system should be able to indicate if energy is available in appropriate quantity and quality (efficacy and safety), taking into account the necessary land and other capacities needed for self-sufficient energy supply. Analyses should also consider the negative implications as results of production/conversion of renewable energy resources (from the aspect of agriculture, biodiversity, soil, water, air, landscape, forest management, etc.) and the possibilities of utilizing waste materials of different sectors for energy production. To provide an overview of all RES, digital maps of renewable energy sites will be prepared in each region. Based on the analyses, the partner Province of Treviso will elaborate regional energy concepts containing recommendations for the mixed measures of EE and RES in buildings, in order to foster the use of EE and RES instead of fossil sources, and to find ways to enhance the independency of the regions from energy supplies outside of the EU (energy security of supply). An improved matching of demand and supply, provided by an integrated offer, will be taken into consideration on the basis of the actual consumption schemes, as well as target measures ensured by ecoconscious, cost-effective energy management. Target measures will be defined on the basis of the conclusions of the demand analyses. 4
During the compilation of the concepts, local experts recommendations (represented in the Regional Working Group - RWG) have been considered. The concepts will then be inserted into regional operative programmes and action plans to support the decision making process of the politicians. The consequences of the concepts will be summarized in a comparative study, which will highlight the common obstacles, dilemmas and solutions. To provide practical information for the stakeholders, best practices of matching local energy supply and demand, by the combined use of RES and EE, will be published in a case study booklet. The best practices will be introduced to experts on study trips. At the second half of the project, all partners will elaborate a transnational methodology for public authorities, describing how the regional concepts can be utilized to create their specific, local energy concepts. Furthermore, by loading this strategy to the webpage in form of a transnational handbook, this practice will be shared across the EU local authorities, aiding them to define their sustainable energy concepts. ELEMENTS OF THE TREVISO ENERGY CONCEPT The strategy of Treviso is based on the integration of the Province Administration with a voluntary group of local Municipalities, which will provide data, analyse their energy consumption, list the RES systems implemented on their territories. A long list of 17 Municipalities has been created, reasonably representative of the distribution in size, in geographical area and typology. A more reduced set could be identified in the next phase, based on the contributions offered by each of them. The energy concepts obtained using the input data supplied by the Municipalities, could become an essential contribution for future municipal energy planning, for example for the Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) necessary for the cities and town which decide to sign the European Covenant of Mayors. The RES potential is in phase of elaboration, using contributions of important local actors, for example other offices of the Province, like the environment department, or the provincial section of the regional environmental agency (ARPAV). The data, once uploaded in a G.I.S., could be also finalized to future studies for spatial energy planning at large area (province level). The technical features of the G.I.S. have been agreed with the specific G.I.S. service of the Province, to have coherence with the normally used standards of the Province, and the widely internationally accepted shape-file ESRI standard has been chosen (.shp files). During the meetings of the RWG, the number of buildings per Municipality has been agreed: N. 2 schools; 5
N. 1 Municipal town hall or other main office Another building left to the choice of the Municipal functionaries. The RWG has also agreed to request local good practices to the Municipalities, and one of them has already proposed a measure of EE in street lighting. Moreover, a list of the local implemented RES systems was asked, to cope with the lack of a centralised register of RES systems for several RES types: actually a full register is available only for solar PV and for larger systems, being authorised at Provincial level. The following pages summarise the progresses related to the three tasks of WP3. WP 3.1.3: Regional studies on local authorities energy consumption AIM OF THE RESEARCH: The report on local authorities energy consumption, starting from fixed sample data, points out the current state and gives some general suggestions about future potential improvements, either regarding RES-based energy production or EE devices. METHODOLOGY The methodology foresaw an effective cooperation between RWG and Municipality technicians aimed to the definition of the state of the art of the buildings portfolio of Local Administrations. This portfolio, composed mainly by schools and public offices/services, has been identified as one of the most important targets, suitable for EE interventions, concerning thermal and electric systems. A kick-off meeting has been made with the Municipality representatives. Then, all of them have been asked to choose at least three buildings for analysis (four for the biggest municipalities). The general standard for the choice of these buildings is to include at least one city hall building and two schools (whenever possible). A sample of municipalities (17) has been chosen and contacted (however, joining the project was voluntary). The selection of this sample has been made on both demographic and geographical parameters, in order to obtain a statistically significant sample. Then, a standard questionnaire, named Energy audit report regarding both general and specific data on public buildings and energy consumption, relevant for a subsequent analysis and data elaboration, has been developed and discussed with three test municipalities, in order to evaluate the actual feasibility of the data entry. 6
At the same time, municipalities have been asked to get information on energy consumption for last 5 years (gas and electricity). After the discussion with Municipal technicians on the Energy audit report contents and its tuning, the work started. STATE OF ART AT 21/03/2012 The new format was delivered to all the Municipalities. Up to now 13 Municipalities only provided RWG with filled-in forms, representing the state of the art of 42 public buildings in total. It is a significant sample, suitable for the first evaluation. The thermal and electric consumption of the buildings was the most difficult element to collect, due to the different supply contracts activated by the Municipalities. Finally, after about 1.5 months from request, at mid-march, the suppliers of electric and gas energy provided the requested data for all the concerned buildings. The other collected data allowed the elaboration of a draft synthesis table, here annexed, showing the most important energy weaknesses of the Municipal building heritage. In Annex 1 an empty Energy Audit Report is presented, and the table which summarises all data supplied by the Municipalities. ENERGY CONSUMPTION INDICATORS Thermal consumption index The first analysis concerns the thermal energy indicator, based on the total gas consumption for space heating and hot water, divided by the building volume. The volume has been preferred to the floor surface of heated spaces, as in many cases the buildings are old, having heights higher than 4 m, therefore the thermal consumption per surface area could have been misleading. The gas consumption in cubic meters has been converted in kwh thermal multiplying by the calorific value of natural gas, averaged as 9,59 kwh/m 3 Natural Gas. The histogram of the buildings has been created ordering the building by decreasing thermal performance indicator. 7
Histogram N.1: thermal performance indicator. The histogram shows that the large majority of buildings have a thermal indicator between 20 and 30 kwh/m3, with a group of 6 buildings clearly above this value. These buildings are considered worth of special attention for energy refurbisjment interventions. The codes in the horizontal axis of the hystogram are connected to the buildings according to the following table. PROVINCE OF TREVISO ENERGY SCREENING - PRIORITY DATA ON MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS cod e N Building type Address Constructi on year Surface (m 2 ) Volume (m 3 ) Thermal consumptio n (kwh) Thermal performance index (kwh/m3) 1 36 Town Hall 2 18 Kindergarten Pio X 3 25 4 37 Primary School Gasparinetti Primary School Don Lino Pellizzari Piazza Umberto I 19 - Villorba Via San Pio X 51 - Montebelluna Via Gasparinetti 4 - Ponte di Piave Via Solferino 14 - Villorba 1972 1.504 5.021 259.542,9 51,69 1970 898 2.694 138.259,0 51,32 1921, refurbished 1997 1980, gym 2005 1.131 5.223 216.232,4 41,40 2.658 8.537 340.508,8 39,89 5 23 Town Hall Piazza Garibaldi 1 - Ponte di Piave 1925, refurbished 1995 677 2.766 99.677,2 36,04 8
6 39 Lower Seconday School Alessandro Manzoni Via Galvani 4 - Villorba 1965, extension 1975-2001 4.574 18.031 613.398,9 34,02 7 38 Palestra di Fontane Via Cave 15/A - Villorba 1992 2.391 14.841 455.424,7 30,69 8 21 Lower Seconday School Toniolo Via Battistella - Pieve di SolIgo 1968 3.980 15.000 439.392,0 29,29 9 20 Town Hall 10 24 Primary School Fogazzaro Via Vaccari 2 Pieve di Soligo Via della Vittoria 58 - Ponte di Piave 1920 1.090 5.000 136.829,0 27,37 1961, extension 2008 1.419 7.200 196.725,7 27,32 11 34 Primary School Alvaredo Via dei Morosini - Vedelago 1979 1.360 6.540 174.600,0 26,70 12 16 Primary School di Contea Via Contea 74, 76, Via Delle Piscine 42 - Montebelluna n.a. 1.972 7.232 181.613,0 25,52 13 33 Town Hall Piazza Martiri della Libertà 16- Vedelago 1920 4.700 9.740 242.500,0 24,90 14 15 Town Hall Corso Mazzini 118 - Montebelluna 1990 1.700 6.000 143.447,0 23,91 15 22 Primary School Contà 16 35 17 17 Lower Seconday School Vedelago Scuola Media Papa Giovanni XXIII e Palazzetto Legrenz Cal Santa - Pieve di Soligo Via Alessandro Manzoni 2 - Vedelago Via Papa Giovanni XXIII 1 - Montebelluna 1980, extension 1987 2.550 7.830 181.613,0 23,19 1988 5.240 26.740 523.800,0 19,59 anni 80', extension 2007 Table 1: Thermal performance data. 20.954 80.621 647.037,0 8,03 Electric consumption index The second analysis concerns the electric energy indicator, based on the total electric consumption for space lighting, air conditioning (when available), office appliances (computers), coffee machines, and so on, divided by the building volume. The volume has been preferred to the floor surface, considering the heights higher than 4 m, influencing the required lighting power in the rooms. The histogram of the buildings has been created ordering the building by decreasing electric performance indicator. 9
Histogram N.2: electric performance indicator. Also in this case the large majority of buildings have an electric consumption indicator between 3 and 10 kwh/m3, while a group of 4 buildings is clearly above this threshold: these buildings (all of them are Town Halls) deserve a more detailed analysis for identifying a retrofitting of the electric systems (lighting and other applinaces). The codes in the horizontal axis of the hystogram are connected to the buildings according to the following table. PROVINCE OF TREVISO ENERGY SCREENING PRIORITY DATA ON MUNICIPAL BUILDINGS Cod e N Building type Address 1 15 Town Hall Corso Mazzini 118 - Montebelluna Surface (m 2 ) Volume (m 3 ) Electric consumption 2010 (kwh) Elecric performance indicator (kwh/m 3 ) 1.700 6.000 154.941,0 25,82 10
2 20 Town Hall Via Vaccari 2 Pieve di Soligo 1.090 5.000 87.734,0 17,55 3 36 4 23 Town Hall Piazza Umberto I 19 - Villorba Town Hall Piazza Garibaldi 1 - Ponte di Piave 1.504 5.021 86.621,0 17,25 677 2.766 47.698,0 17,24 5 33 Town Hall Piazza Martiri della Libertà 16- Vedelago 4.700 9.740 97.314,0 9,99 6 26 Library 7 18 Kindergarten Pio X 8 28 Town Hall Borgo San Daniele - Povegliano Via San Pio X 51 - Montebelluna Borgo San Daniele 26 - Povegliano 625 3.100 25.300,0 8,16 898 2.694 20.854,0 7,74 716 3.209 19.415,0 6,05 9 38 Gym Fontane Via Cave 15/A - Villorba 2.391 14.841 79.905,0 5,38 10 16 Contea Primary school 11 22 Contà Primary School Via Contea 74, 76, Via Delle Piscine 42 - Montebelluna Cal Santa - Pieve di Soligo 1.972 7.232 36.157,0 5,00 2.550 7.830 38.226,0 4,88 12 25 Kindergarten Gasparinetti Via Gasparinetti 4 - Ponte di Piave 1.131 5.223 19.749,0 3,78 13 24 14 37 15 21 16 39 17 27 18 34 Primary School Fogazzaro Primary School Don Lino Pellizzari Lower Secondary School Toniolo Lower Secondary School Alessandro Manzoni Primary School Camalò Primary School Alvaredo Via della Vittoria 58 - Ponte di Piave 1.419 7.200 25.734,0 3,57 Via Solferino 14 - Villorba 2.658 8.537 28.557,0 3,35 Via Battistella - Pieve di SolIgo 3.980 15.000 46.815,0 3,12 Via Galvani 4 - Villorba 4.574 18.031 48.939,0 2,71 Piazza San Matteo 1 - Povegliano Via dei Morosini - Vedelago 880 4.475 11.922,0 2,66 1.360 6.540 16.813,0 2,57 19 35 Lower Secondary School - Vedelago Via Alessandro Manzoni 2 - Vedelago 5.240 26.740 44.970,0 1,68 20 29 Primary and Lower Secondary School Via Masetto 7-9-11 Povegliano 3.070 18.075 20.264,0 1,12 21 17 Lower Secondary School Papa Giovanni XXIII e Palazzetto Legrenz Via Papa Giovanni XXIII 1 - Montebelluna Total electric consumption 20.954 80.621 88.218,0 1,09 1.046.146 kwh 11
Situation of the boilers Table 2: Electric consumption data. The histogram 3 shows the distribution of boiler age, based on the year of production reported in the nameplate. Histogram n. 3: Boiler age distribution. The following table indicates the production year, model, power, and instantaneous combustion efficiency of each boiler. The combustion efficiency is the one reported in the log book during the last periodical control of the maintenance staff. TREVISO PROVINCE BOILERS INSTALLED IN THE PARTNER MUNICIPALITIES. N progr. Building Address Year Model Nominal useful power Gross power Actual combustion efficiency at full rate. 1 2 3 Villa Brembo Caliari Lower secondary school A. Gramsci Piazzetta Mario Del Monaco - Casale sul Sile Via Vittorio Veneto Casale sul Sile Town Hall Via Vittorio Veneto 23 - Casale sul Sile 1974 RIELLO 56,40 62,80 87,0% 2009 UNICAL Modulex 340 329,00 339,00 95,0% 2006 FER Seven nel 52S 329,00 339,00 95,0% 12
4 5 6 7 8 Town Hall Primary school A. LUCIANI Lower secondary school Primary school A. PALLADIO School cluster "Paolo Veronese" 10 Town Hall 11 12-1 12-2 12-3 Primary school "Dante Alighieri" Lower secondary school F.Grava Lower secondary school F.Grava Lower secondary school F.Grava 13-1 Town Hall 13-2 Town Hall 14 Kindergarten G. Panizza 15 Town Hall 16 17-1 17-2 18 19 Primary school Contea Lower secondary school Papa Giovanni XXIII and Palazzetto Legrenz Lower secondary school Papa Giovanni XXIII e Palazzetto Legrenz Kindergarten Nido Pio X House of associations 20 Town Hall 21 22 Lower secondary school Toniolo Primary school Contà 23 Town Hall 24-1 Primary school Fogazzaro Via Postumia centro 77- Gorgo al Monticano Via Roma 60 - Gorgo al Monticano Via Roma 58 - Gorgo al Monticano Via Callesella 8 - Maser 1985 1995 1995 1988 RHOSS HR 23 244,08 267,40 91,3% Via Motte 43 - Maser TONON PT - PREX 485,48 530,00 91,6% Piazzale Municipio 1 - Maser Via Riccardo Zandolai 12/14 - Conegliano Via Fabio Filzi 22 - Conegliano Via Fabio Filzi 22 - Conegliano Via Fabio Filzi 22 - Conegliano Via Einaudi 136 - Conegliano Via Einaudi 136 - Conegliano Viale Veneto 8 - Conegliano Corso Mazzini 118 - Montebelluna Via Contea 74, 76, Via Delle Piscine 42 - Montebelluna Via Papa Giovanni XXIII 1 - Montebelluna Via Papa Giovanni XXIII 1 - Montebelluna Via San Pio X 51 - Montebelluna Via Battistelli Pieve di Soligo Via Vaccari 2 Pieve di Soligo Via Battistella - Pieve di SolIgo Cal Santa - Pieve di Soligo Piazza Garibaldi 1 - Ponte di Piave Via della Vittoria 58 - Ponte di Piave 1988 RHOSS KZ 185 197,68 215,10 91,9% 1993 FERROLI LG 171 195,00 221,60 87,0% 1993 BIASI TNAR 500 581,40 645,00 90,1% 1993 RIELLO 3700-200 232,50 256,90 90,5% recente LAMBORGHINI 25,22 27,00 93,4% 1993 BIKLIM 200 233,00 257,00 91,1% 13 BIKLIM 90 105,00 116,00 92,3% 1993 BIASI TNAR 150 178,50 1,94 92,0% 1990 RIELLO 200 PL/AR 232,50 256,00 92,9% 2011 RIELLO ALU 150 PRO power (condensazione) 146,30 150,00 97,0% 2003 REMEHA condensazione 549,00 597,00 97,1% 2003 REMEHA condensazione 537,00 567,00 98,0% 1999 FINTERM AR 150 174,00 193,00 93,6% 2008 BAXI condensazione 255,00 261,60 97,0% 1992 SIME 2R8/H 147,80 167,40 88,0% 2011 2003 2008 2 RIELLO ALU 225 PRO B23 4 VIESSMANN VITO DEN 200 condensazione 445,00 438,80 101,0% 240,00 248,40 97,0% 2006 RIELLO 3500 SAT 9 104,80 115,00 91,0% 1998 RIELLO 3500 S9 99,00 110,00 90,0%
24-2 25 Primary school Fogazzaro Kindergarten Gasparinetti 26 Library 27 Primary school Camalò 28 Town Hall 29 Primary and Lower secondary school Via Gasparinetti 4 - Ponte di Piave Borgo San Daniele - Povegliano Piazza San Matteo 1 - Povegliano Borgo San Daniele 26 - Povegliano Via Masetto 7-9-11 Povegliano 2008 2000 2004? RIELLO Condexa Pro 100 M 2 RHOSS Rivi 23 e Spazio 1589/22 3 RIELLO ATR 44 IN condensazione THERMITAL THC/NG 100 condensazione 90,00 90,00 100,0% 147,60 164,70 91,0% 144,90 97,0% 110,00 97,0% 2011 ELCO TRIGON L 100 96,00 90,00 106,7%? 1 REMEHA CONDENSA C3B/7 condensazione - 433,00 446,39 97,0% Primary and lower secondary school 30 Town Hall 31 32 Lower secondary school Marco Polo School cluster Lanzago School cluster Lanzago School cluster Lanzago 33 Town Hall 34 35 Primary school Alvaredo Lower secondary schol - Vedelago 36 Town Hall 37 Primary school Don Lino Pellizzari Primary school Don Lino Pellizzari 38 Gym Fontane 39 Lower secondary schol Alessandro Manzoni Via Masetto 7-9-11 Povegliano Via Don Minzoni 12 - Silea 1 ECOFLAM ECOMAX 10 HT 2F - 2 THERMITAL THC/NG 140 2001-2006 pompe Pompe di calore Robur di calore 1976 RHOSS 215,00 Via Tezze 3 - Silea 1998 SILE B40AR 423,00 475,28 89,0% Via Tiepolo 1 - Silea 2011 UNICAL MODULEX EXT 440 - - 424,00 434,43 97,6% Via Tiepolo 1 - Silea 1980 RIELLO 2KRCT10 75,30 86,55 87,0% Via Tiepolo 1 - Silea 2002 THERMITAL ENNEGI 99,00 107,61 92,0% Piazza Martiri della Libertà 16- Vedelago Via dei Morosini - Vedelago Via Alessandro Manzoni 2 - Vedelago Piazza Umberto I 19 - Villorba Via Solferino 14 - Villorba Via Solferino 14 - Villorba Via Cave 15/A - Villorba Via Galvani 4 - Villorba??? 1985 BLOWTHERM PAR 300 92 A 7573 RIELLO RTQ165 condensazione 2 BIKLIM - P 0494 PR 1-420 e P 03204-16 PR1-300 4 NECA THERMOSISTEM 315,00 350,00 90,0% 200,00 192,31 104,0% 837,00 930,00 90,0% 246,40 290,80 88,5% 1985 SILE P13 255,80 294,60 88,9% 2005 RIELLO 3300 73,10 80,00 93.3% 1992 40 Town Hall Gaiarine 2012 41 42 Primary school Francenigo Lower secondary schol Calderano Gaiarine 1990 Gaiarine Boilers more than 10 years old: 33 out of 65 4 THERMITAL THC/NG140 629,20 681,20 95,3% 1999 2 RIELLO 3900 818,00 898,00 94,4% Table 3: Boiler data. 14
PRIORITIES FOR INTERVENTIONS The data emerged from the delivered information allow a first estimation of the potential energy saving related to the following interventions: 1) Walls insulation by External/internal insulation About 50% of the analysed buildings were constructed during the sixties/seventies, using a reinforced concrete frame filled by brick walls without thermal insulation. The application of an external insulation layer may allow a reduction of energy demand for heating and cooling up to 40%. The application of an internal insulation can be feasible for buildings constructed in bearing masonry (about 50% of analysed sample), often listed as historical value building, where every external visible intervention is not allowed. The internal insulation allows a reduction of energy heating demand up to 30%. The analysis done on a 16 buildings sample, suitable for external insulation, having total thermal energy consumption in 2010 of 5.258.200 kwh, shows a potential energy saving of about 1.577.460 kwh. 2) Boiler substitution 30 low efficiency boilers older that 10 years are present in the 39 analysed buildings (out of 62, which is the total number of boilers). It transpires from a first feasibility analysis made on 13 buildings (the 2010 total consumption of which has been calculated in 3.246.541 kwh), where 21 old boilers could be substituted with condensing boilers, that the energy saving on annual basis can be about 800.000 kwh. 3) Frames/glasses substitution The analysed sample shows quite a good situation concerning frames and glasses. In every building double glazed wood/aluminium frames are already installed, also with thermal cut in some cases. It is useful to point out that frames/glasses substitution is in any case a lowperformance intervention from the cost/benefit point of view (reduction of energy demand for heating less than 10%). The substitution in public heritage is suggested if combined with safety/aesthetic reasons, in the framework of a global renovation of the building. 4) Dimmer equipment/electronic ballasts in internal lighting Their installation can allow a reduction of electric energy demand up to 20%. The global electric consumption for internal lighting of an analysed sample of 15 buildings (mainly schools) has been calculated in about 600.000 kwh. The installation of dimming equipment with electronic ballasts will allow a 120.000 kwh saving. Town hall electric consumptions were excluded from the sample, due to the large rate of electric energy used for air conditioning plants and the impossibility to separate the artificial lighting consumption from the global one. 15
5) Time control in air handling units - The analysed sample showed a low presence of air handling units for ventilation (3 out of 39 building). A time control allows a reduction of electric energy demand up to 10% and represents a low cost intervention. Due to the negligible impact on the overall building estate, this type of intervention has not been considered in the following elaborations. IMPACT ON ANNUAL ENERGY EXPENDITURE The energy and economic impact of the described interventions has been carried out using the following hypotheses: The price of 1 kwh electric energy has been assumed equal to 0.20, VAT and all taxes included, while the price for 1 kwh of thermal energy, obtained by natural gas combustion, is assumed equal to 0.096, VAT and all taxes included. Intervention costs have been calculated in a budgetary way, using unit costs in a range typical of this type of actions, namely: o External thermal insulation of opaque walls: 85 /m2, including scaffolding, window cavity external surfaces finishing, but excluding special works (removal and replacement of piping, cables, window shutters). o Condensing boiler installation with complete renovation of the boiler house piping and regulations and inclusion of thermostatic valves when missing: 100-150 /boiler, according to size (50 to 1000 kw, the higher cost for the smallest). o Internal lighting system substitution with sensor of daylighting and people presence: 100-150 /lamp group. The energy saving has been also assumed in a standardised way, multiplying a fixed percentage by the actual energy consumption: 30% for external insulation, 25% for boiler substitution, 20% for internal lighting retrofitting. 16
WALL INSULATION By the adoption of external insulation in 16 buildings, constructed in reinforced concrete frame and brick walls without insulation, a cost saving of about 125.000 each year can be estimated, considering the average Italian methane gas price (0,08 per kwh). It means a 30% cost saving. Consumption 2010 kwh Consumption after substitution kwh Energy saved each year kwh Average cost of wall insulation for sq.m Total wall surface insulated sq.m 5.258.200 3.417.830 1.840.370 85 about 17.000 Total Investment (appr +/- 15%) about 1.500.000 Average price per kwh Cost saving per year (appr +/- 15%) 0,08 about 125.000 Pay back (simple) years 12 BOILER SUBSTITUTION With reference to the chosen sample (13 buildings - 21 boilers substitution with condensing boilers, with a 2010 consumption of 3.246.541 kwh, the 800.000 kwh saved on an annual basis are equal to about 64.000 each year (as by the average Italian methane gas price). It means a 25% cost saving. Consumption 2010 kwh Consumption after boilers substitution kwh Energy saved kwh Average price per kwh 3.246.541 2.434.906 811.635 0,08 Cost Saving about 65.000 Total Investment about 360.000 Pay back (simple) years 6 DIMMER EQUIPMENT/ELECTRONIC BALLASTS IN INTERNAL LIGHTING 58 W 4/6 double T5 lamps The analysed sample of 15 buildings shows an energy saving of about 120.000 kwh. Considering the Italian average price per kwh of 0,20, it means an annual saving of 24.000 for the selected sample, equal to a 20% cost saving. WALL INSULATION AND BOILERS SUBSTITUTION A sample of 8 buildings has been chosen, where, due to the envelope characteristics, wall insulation is possible and also boilers substitution is needed (15 boilers). By external insulation about 55.000 each year can be saved. 17
By boiler substitution about 46.000 each year can be saved The total energy cost on the selected sample is 183.766 per year. The potential impact on annual energy expenditure on the selected sample, implementing both interventions can reach 47,5% cost decreasing. ANALYSIS OF POSSIBLE ACTIONS Three standard interventions have been considered: Action 1: external insulation The action consists in applying an external thermal insulation layer on the opaque envelope surfaces of the building. The blue line indicates the present energy consumption and the red one the energy consumption after the intervention. The costs of the intervention depend from the architectonical details of the buildings, the possible need of high scaffoldings and from the typology of insulation material used. For the buildings of the selected sample has been estimated an average cost of 85 for each sq.m. of walls. Figure 4: Effects of external insulation. Captions for the Codes reported in the previous figure: 18
Prog. N Building Construction year codes 11 Primary school "Dante Alighieri" 1967 1 12 Middle school F.Grava 1967 2 13 Conegliano Town Hall 1995 3 14 Nursery school G. Panizza 1979 4 15 Montebelluna Town Hall 1990 5 16 Contea Primary school np 6 17 Middle school Papa Giovanni XXIII 80' years restyling 2007 7 18 Nursery school Pio X 1970 8 21 Toniolo Middle school 1968 9 22 Contà Primary school 1980 restyling 1987 10 24 Fogazzaro Primary school 1961 restyling 2008 11 34 Alvaredo Primary school 1979 12 35 Vedelago High school 1988 13 36 Villorba Town Hall 1972 14 38 Fontane Gymnasium 1992 15 39 Alessandro Manzoni High school 1965 restayling1975-2001 16 Action 2: boiler substitution The action consists in the substitution of the existing old boiler with a condensing boiler, thermostatic valves and metering of the delivered heat. The cost of intervention has been estimate in a range between 100-150 for kw of installed new boiler. 19
Data of the selected buildings: Figure 5: Effects of boiler replacement. Progr. N Building Boilers year N boilers Code 1 Villa Brembo Caliari 1974 1 1 11 Primary school "Dante Alighieri" 1993 1 2 12 Middle school F.Grava 1993 2 3 13 Conegliano Town Hall 1993 2 4 14 Nursery school G. Panizza 1993 1 5 15 Montebelluna Town Hall 1990 1 6 18 Nursery school Pio X 1999 1 7 20 Pieve di Soligo Town Hall 1992 1 8 24 Primary school Fogazzaro 1998 1 9 25 Primary school Gasparinetti 2000 2 10 36 Villorba Town Hall 1985 4 37 Primary school Don Lino Pellizzari 1985 1 12 38 Fontane Gymnasium 1992 4 13 20 11
Action on artificial lighting in buildings The action consists in substituting the existing fluorescent tubes with the new Building codes: Figure 6: Effect of artificial lighting renovation and control. Progr. N Building code 11 Primary school "Dante Alighieri" 1 12 Middle school F.Grava 2 14 Nursery school G. Panizza 3 16 Contea Primary school 4 17 Middle school Papa Giovanni XXIII 5 18 Nursery school Pio X 6 21 Middle school Toniolo 7 22 Primary school Contà 8 21
24 Primary school Fogazzaro 9 25 Primary school Gasparinetti 10 34 Alvaredo Primary school 11 35 Vedelago High school 12 37 Primary school Don Lino Pellizzari 13 38 Fontane Gymnasium 14 39 High school Alessandro Manzoni 15 Cumulative effects The cumulative effect of two actions thermal insulation and boiler substitution) is expressed in the following figures. Effect of planned renovation Fontane Gimnasium Villorba Town Hall Nursery school Pio X Montebelluna Town Hall Nursery school ÒG. PanizzaÓ Conegliano Town Hall Middle school F. Grava Primary school "Dante Alighieri" 0 20.000 40.000 60.000 80.000 100.000 120.000 140.000 160.000 kwh Baseline Thermal consumption 2010 Thermal consumption after boiler substitution Thermal consumtion after external coating Figure 7: Cumulative effect of thermal insulation and boiler replacement 22
CONCLUSIONS This study conclusion is that a regional energy concept is possible in the Treviso Province, based on the energy refurbishment of public buildings belonging to the Local Administrations. The analysis shows that the typologies of buildings, the type of construction and the needs of refurbishment are sufficiently uniform to suggest a coordinate action for intervening for an increase of building energy efficiency. The three main types of intervention have been identified in: Thermal insulation of he external opaque surfaces; Oldest boiler substitution with condensing boilers; Substitution of the existing artificial lighting with more efficient equipment duly controlled to reduce unnecessary use. The energy and economic impact of these measures has been calculated on a sample of buildings of different Municipalities, representing a well balanced sample, such that the results can be extrapolated to the whole building estate belonging to Treviso Province local administrations. The cost effectiveness of the actions has been estimated in terms of simple payback, obtaining reasonable values, between 5 and 10 years. This is compatible not only with a planned intervention based on own Municipal investments 1, but also with energy performance contracts proposed by ESCos, using third party financing. 1 The present Italian internal stability pact hinders the use of borrowed money to the Italian Municipalities even for investments bringing to a reduction of expenditures in the following years. Until this type of investments will be excluded from the stability pact, the only remaining possibility is a third party financing, managed by ESCos, in order to keep the money flux outside the balances of the Public Administration. 23
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