AHSGE WWII Standard 7
When a gov t controls every aspect of your life Totalitarianism
The totalitarian dictator of Italy and his idea Benito Mussolini believed in fascism. Fascists control life but allow owners to make a profit (which can keep the fascist in power)
Why Mussolini seized power and instituted fascism To stop communism
System of gov t with gov t ownership and operation of everything. Owning homes, business, for example, is forbidden Communism
Common thread: business leaders, Catholic church, army All supported Mussolini
Common thread: Bans political parties, unions, free speech Fascists or dictators
Emperor of Japan Hirahito
What Japan desperately needed Raw materials, land for crops
Area Japan invaded first Manchuria
Trace democracy in Japan Given in 1925, taken away in 1931
Man who convinced Japanese rulers to get rid of democracy Prime Minister and military general Baron Tanaka Giichi
Causes of WWII Militarism, Imperialism, Nationalism. Some include totalitarianism (dictatorships)
Head of Germany and his party Adolph Hitler and National Socialist Party, better known as the Nazi Party
Hitler s title Der Fuhrer--Father
Who Hitler liked Aryan race (Non-Jewish Caucasians, preferably with blond hair, blue eyes) would rule
How Hitler rose to power There was a deep depression in Germany. He blamed in on the Jews and the Treaty of Versailles and promised to get rid of both.
Two parts of the Treaty of Versailles Germans hated War guilt clause, reparations
Head of Communist Russia, also called USSR Joseph Stalin
How Stalin tried to solve food problems in USSR Collective farms workers assigned to farm them instead of own small farm. Failed
How Stalin stayed in power. Fear. Killed anyone who possibly opposed him in series of purges
63 nations signed this attempt to outlaw war. USSR didn t sign it Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact, also called Pact of Paris
Group that demanded Japan leave Manchuria League of Nations. Japan withdrew its membership over this
First place Mussolini attacked Ethiopia
First place Hitler took Rhineland which he actually just annexed
Second place Hitler took Czechoslovakia border where many Germans lived
Agreed to allow Hitler to take Sudentenland but no more British prime minister Neville Chamberlain and French premier Edouard Daladier through appeasement giving in on one thing to stop worse things. Didn t stop Hitler, though
Final act of Hitler that started WWII Invasion of Poland
Area of Poland Hitler claimed belonged to Germany Danzig Corridor
German warfare tactic Blitzkrieg, or lightning warfare
Why USSR didn t try to stop Hitler Germany and USSR (Russia) had signed a Non-Aggression Pact. Plus, Russia got part of Poland
Common thread: Germany, Japan, Italy Members of the Axis Powers, also called the Rome-Berlin- Tokyo Axis
Common thread: Britain, France, Russia Members of the Allies, later joined by US
Idea of Ludlow Amendment Proposal that US couldn t enter WWII until passed a national vote to do so
Why US remained isolationistic at first Money lent during WWI mostly never repaid, in middle of Depression, felt wasn t our fight
First Allied country to fall France defeated in less than a month
What Hitler did immediately after invading Poland Nothing. Caused many to think he was through. Called it a phony war or Sitzkrieg
Supposed line of defense to protect French that failed Maginot Line
How US angered Japan Felt they were belligerents (creating wars) and embargoed goods to them, froze all Japanese assets in America
Area Japan invaded that so infuriated America French Indochina that s when embargo started
Man who planned Pearl Harbor attack Tojo
Date of bombing of Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941
Importance of Pearl Harbor Was act of war against US. US declared war against Japan the next day. Then Germany and Italy declared war on US
Opening remarks to Congress by FDR after Pearl Harbor Yesterday, a day that will live in infamy
How women helped in WWII Took over men s jobs women who did this were called Rosie the Riveter
Importance of Rosie the Riveter First time women did men s work and some didn t want to stop after the war
What was rationed in US Anything that could be used for war effort including food, rubber, gasoline, coffee
How war was financed Taxes and war bonds
What Executive Order 9066 was FDR signed this to place all Japanese Americans in relocation camps (even if US citizen)
Alabama trained pilots during WWII Tuskegee Airmen flew more than 500 missions and earned Distinguished Flying Cross
Importance of Battle of Midway America launched attack against Japanese in June, 1942. Won and was considered turning point
Huge mistake Hitler made with Russia Broke the Non-Aggression Pact and invaded Stalingrad. Had no winter supplies, clothes.
Biggest question when US entered the war Where to attack first. Decided on North Africa felt it was most vulnerable to attack
Why USSR was so angry with US going into North Africa Felt US should have helped them first by entering through Russia towards Germany
What Operation Torch was The North Africa invasion name
Weakest link in Axis Powers Italy Mussolini was overthrown by his own people
What Operation Overlord was Name of D-Day or Normandy invasion. US entered France here and pushed towards Germany after taking North Africa, Italy. D-Day started June 6, 1944
Date of German surrender May 8, 1945 also called V-E Day
What happened to Hitler Committed suicide
What happened to Mussolini Own people killed him
Who the Red Army was Name of Russian or USSR or Soviet (all same thing) troops
What Holocaust was Attempt to have final solution to Jewish problem by working or gassing them to death
Number who died in German concentration camps Between 12 and 15 million by some estimates, about 6 million of these Jewish
Head of attack against Japan Gen. Douglas MacArthur
Suicide pilots in Japan Kamikaze
Importance of Guadalcanal Brutal fight between Marines and Japanese lasting 8 months. US won
Research for atomic bomb s code name Manhattan Project
Why US dropped atomic bomb and where Felt Japan wouldn t surrender otherwise, so dropped it on Hiroshima and 3 days later another on Nagasaki. Japan surrendered.
Date Japan surrendered August 14, 1945, also called V- J Day
Formed after WWII for world peace United Nations
Name of plane that dropped bomb on Hiroshima Enola Gay
Common thread: Patton, Eisenhower, MacArthur Leading American generals in WWII
Many thanks to: Evan Tyson, Tech. Support Alicia Bailey, Editor