, Cornell U., U.S. CMS Deputy Project Manager On behalf of U.S. CMS HEPAP Meeting, Newport Beach CA, Dec. 9-11, 2015 Page: 1
P5 Science Drivers In May 2014 the P5 Report Building for Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the Global Context laid out a vision based on five intertwined science drivers and the techniques used to access that science. As taken from the report, Science Driver Technique (Frontier) Large Projects Use the Higgs boson as a new tool for discovery Energy frontier Pursue the physics associated with neutrino mass Intensity and Cosmic frontier Identify the new physics of dark matter Energy frontier Understand cosmic acceleration; dark energy and inflation * Explore the unknown: new particles, interactions, and physical principles Intensity, Cosmic and Energy frontier * This appears under medium scale2projects Page: 2
Physics Goals for HL-LHC Operation Detailed exploration of the Higgs discovered during Run 1 is one of the main motivations, e.g. precise coupling strengths: Search for di-higgs production Tagging of forward jets (VBF) Searches for new physics, e.g. SUSY Page: 3
HL-LHC Luminosity Goals HL-LHC will operate with 'lumi leveling': 'Nominal' HL-LHC luminosity 5 1034 Hz/cm2 - <PU>=140 'Ultimate' HL-LHC luminosity 7.5 1034 Hz/cm2 - <PU>=200 CMS HL-LHC performance targets At <PU>=140 same performance as <PU>=50 for phase-1 At <PU>=200 allow moderate degradation Page: 4
Radiation Dose and Particle Rates The large integrated luminosity and the instantaneous rates provides a challenging environment Aging studies have shown that the tracker and endcap calorimeters need replacement Page: 5
CMS HL-LHC Upgrade Requirements Before the start of the HL-LHC operation CMS will have recorded ~300 fb-1 of data Beyond this exposure performance of detector components such as the central tracker will significantly degrades Occupancies at the HL-LHC requires increased granularity The segmentation in the tracker needs to be improved to control fake rates Endcap calorimeter with fine segmentation Pileup mitigation Extended forward tracking coverage for jet tagging Improved calorimeter; timing and high granularity Trigger Need to maintain low thresholds, e.g. for Higgs studies Incorporate tracking at first level trigger Increase bandwidth (100 750 khz) and latency (3 12.5 s) Requires updates to readout electronics for Calorimeter and Muons Page: 6
Summary of CMS HL-LHC Upgrades DOE or NSF NSF NSF DOE NSF DOE ~4 NSF Page: 7
CMS Upgrade Costs and Scope CORE costs of the HL-LHC CMS upgrade reference scenario Note that CORE is only M&S and only for construction (i.e. no labor, R&D, preproduction, contingency, escalation, management) In general, countries try to contribute to CORE costs commensurate with their number of CMS authors US-HEP(DOE+NSF) is ~27% of CMS as of 2015. From Technical Proposal (https://cds.cern.ch/record/2020886) Page: 8
Scoping Scenarios Scoping Scenario 1: Total CORE cost 241.6 MCHF From CMS Scoping Document (https://cds.cern.ch/record/2055167) This scenario reduces outer tracker size using a tilted barrel design o Some impact to level 1 track trigger resolution Limits readout bandwidth to ~ 300 khz o Mainly by reducing size of the Data Acquisition System and the Higher Level Trigger (online data filter) farm Reduces number of layers in the endcap calorimeter This scenario has no major impact on the U.S. scope Page: 9
Tracker Upgrade: Outer Tracker Tracker will be upgraded with a new high performance tracker that meets HL-LHC physics needs New outer tracker composed of layers of modules with two closely spaced (~1 mm) silicon sensors o Using CMS s 3.8 T B-field and ~100 µm spatial resolution of silicon sensors, observed curvature can select track stubs with with p T > 2 GeV o Provide stub information at 40 MHz for track finding at L1 Necessary for efficient triggering at HL-LHC U.S. will build ~6,000 (from total of ~15,000) modules and central barrel mechanics Page: 10
Tracker Upgrade: Forward Pixels As for Phase 1, U.S. will build the entire forward pixel detector for the HL-LHC upgrades Represents ~ 50% of pixel Main CMS part of NSF MREFC M Up to 10 disks RED SHADING z coverage, ±2.5 m coverage, 1.4 3.8 ~2 m2 Si Radiation hardness drives design Lower bias voltage, less leakage current o Shorter drift distance, smaller clusters, better 2track separation Fluence up to 1x1016 cm-2 Rad hard readout chip (ROC) bump-bonded to pixel sensors Baseline is thin (150 µm) planar silicon sensors with small pixels (25 x 100 µm or 50 x 50 µm) U.S. R&D focused on ROC, mechanical and electrical conceptual designs and performance simulations Page: 11
Tracking Performance Tracking performance with <PU>=140 and 200 similar to the phase-1 detector at <PU>=50. Tracker provides a powerful handle to mitigate the PU Momentum resolution improved over the phase-1 detector due to reduction of material (CO2 cooling and other optimizations) Excellent tracking performance is key to physics performance since tracking is used in reconstructing all objects Page: 12
L1 Track Finder Major new capability in L1 trigger Associative Memory Pattern Matching Tracking in <2.5 region Reconstruct tracks with pt>2 GeV With latency less than 5 s Technically challenging About 10,000 stubs for each LHC bunch crossing (at 40 MHz) Total input data volume of about 100 Tbits/s Major are of R&D to demonstrate that this is feasible for the tracker TDR. Three main efforts U.S. led associative memory (AM), FPGA+ASIC approach U.S. road search based Tracklet FPGA only approach U.K. led time multiplexed FPGA only approach Tracklet Road Search Seed stubs U.S. will contribute to core technologies, architecture, boards, algorithms 50% of the L1 track finder in either of the technologies under study Page: 13
Endcap High Granularity Calorimeter 3D shower measurements in HGC Electromagnetic EE (26 x, 1.5 ): 28 layers of Si-W/Cu absorber 0 Front Hadronic (3.5 ): 12 layers of Si-Brass absorber Back Hadronic (5 ): 12 layers of Scintilators/Brass Page: 14
Endcap Calorimeter: U.S. Construction Scope Outline Module Construction U.S. develops detector-wide standard procedures for module construction, purchases ~27% of silicon, constructs 8500 standard modules and 3500 odd-size/edge modules Cassette Assembly and Services U.S. develops cassette assembly procedure, designs services for lowvoltage and readout, constructs 280 cassettes Backing calorimeter U.S. constructs active material (scintillator+wls) in joint facility with HB, constructs on-detector readout electronics US isn t doing: Absorber/mechanics Off-detector electronics Cooling system U.S. constructs readout electronics (joint effort High voltage system with EB/HB), contributes to international Trigger primitive firmware effort for trigger primitive preparation electronics Primary development of readout ASIC Page: 15
Barrel ECAL (EB) Electronics Upgrade Upgrade readout electronics: Trigger readout (40MHz) of full crystal level granularity Handle higher trigger rate (750 MHz) and latency (12.5 s) L1 Trigger FE L V V V V V V F F F F F R E E E E E S HV Motherboard Feature extraction 10 GB/s Trigger Data DAQ primitive formation Suppress Clock isolated Control anomalous deposits Trigger primitive, feature extraction done off detector using FPGA. U.S delivers complete block of readout Foresee a common development with EB, HB and EndCap Calorimeter backend i.e use the same cards as EB but modified and form combined ECAL+HCAL trigger primitives. Page: 16
CMS Muon Upgrade Scope Barrel readout electronics upgrade (no U.S. involvement) Forward muon upgrades maintain trigger, extend offline coverage Endcap Muon Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC): Upgrade ME2/1 off-chamber electronics to cope with data volume/bandwidth New Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors: GE1/1 and 2/1 work with CSC ME1/1 and ME2/1 to maintain muon trigger ME0 works with ME1/1 to maintain trigger and extends offline coverage =2.4 to 2.9 U.S. has historically a strong involvement in the forward muon trigger and CSCs We focus in Phase-2 on CSC off detector electronics and GEM-CSC trigger and DAQ electronics Page: 17
L1Trigger/HLT/DAQ L1Trigger High BW and powerful processing boards: 12.5 s latency and 750 MHz (currently ~3 s and 100 khz) First layer to match detector information Second layer to produce Trigger objects Including track trigger DAQ Similar event builder, HLT, and storage as present. Increase band width 800 links at 100 Gbps with 30% occ. will produce 30 Tbps event building throughput. HLT Processing power scales as PU times L1 rate need increase of a factor of 50 with respect to Run 2 when operating at <PU>=200. U.S. CMS willl continue its role in trigger and DAQ plan to deliver ~50% of L1 trigger Page: 18
CMS HL-LHC Upgrade Schedule NSF: DOE: PDR CDR CD0 LHC Schedule CD1 FDR CD3ACD2CD3 Run 2: Physics CD4 Run 3: Physics Major subproject TDRs scheduled for completion in 2017 Available for NSF PDR and DOE CD2/3 reviews Page: 19
U.S. CMS Project Costs Sub Project Construction Cost ($M) (no contingency) R&D and OPC Cost ($M) Project Office 24.80 2.53 Tracker 75.09 22.16 7.74 4.19 27.70 8.00 Muon System 5.06 1.52 Trigger 8.00 2.70 DAQ 1.55 Total 149.94 Barrel Calorimeter Endcap Calorimeter 41.10 Assuming 50% contingency on everything in the construction project (except project management) gives a total of $212.51M The guidance from DOE and NSF is a construction project with a total cost of $134.75M+$75M = $209.75M For R&D and OPC we expect to have $35-36M available Working on updating budgets/scope to align R&D/OPC costs Page: 20
Preliminary Total Cost Profile FY18 and FY19 start of DOE OPC and TEC early procurements, e.g. sensors for outer tracker and high granularity calorimeter FY20 and FY21 NSF MREFC funds available Page: 21
Summary The HL-LHC upgrade addresses 3 of the 5 science drives identified in the P5 report and is ranked the highest priority near term large scale project The HL-LHC upgrades for CMS has to address many challenges: High occupancy (Pileup) Large data rates Harsh radiation environment CMS are planning a series of upgrades to address these challenges Tracker: Higher granularity Selective readout of p >2 GeV for L1 trigger T Forward pixel extension Calorimeter HGC with 3D reconstruction of electromagnetic and hadronic showers Barrel calorimeter readout and cooling Muons Updates to electronics and extending forward coverage Trigger/HLT/DAQ Increased bandwidth at both L1 and HLT stages Inclusions of tracking in the first (L1) trigger stage The U.S. contributions are well matched and aligned with the international CMS needs and expectations Page: 22
Backup Page: 23
U.S. CMS Costs for Construction Project Totals applying 50% contingency on everything except project management is $133M DOE, $79.5M NSF. The CORE costs are in MCHF with respect to the technical proposal and the scoping document. These were calculated using the same inputs at the TP. The CORE fractions are calculated with respect to the middle scenario (Scenario 1). The overall core fraction with respect to middle scenario (Scenario 1) is ~27% For the reference design, this would represent 24.4%, for the lowest scoping scenario 31%. The proposed work would change a bit between the full scope scenario and Scenario 1, however for the lowest scope (Scenario 2) we would have to rework the project significantly.. Page: 24
Scoping Scenarios Scoping Scenario 2: Total CORE cost 208.3 MCHF Includes all of scenario 1 plus removing: tracker and muon extensions, full layer of barrel (outer) tracker, additional endcap calorimeter layers Large impact in Higgs measurements, missing ET, discovery potential Page: 25
L1 Tracking Performance Page: 26
DOE Cost Profile Page: 27
NSF Cost Profile Page: 28
U.S. CMS HL-LHC Organization P2 Upgrade Project 402.01 Project Office Phase 2 Advisory Board John Cumalat Jay Hauser Jim Hirschauer Joe Incandela Markus Klute Steve Nahn Maria Spiropulu K. Ecklund. Rice C. Hill, OSU 402.02 Tracker 402.02.03 FPIX 402.02.04 OT 402.02.05 TT Project Manager: Deputy(s) PM: CMS liaison: R&D coordinator: ESH&Q Coordinator: Project Controls: Project Finance: Risk Manager: Project EE Project ME V. O Dell A. Ryd J. Spalding M. Chertok NN M. Kaducak (interim) J. Teng Lucas Taylor NN NN C. Jessop, ND A. Safonov, TAMU J. Berryhill, FNAL J. Mans, Minn 402.03 Barrel Calo 402.04 Endcap 402.06 Trigger 402.05 Muons 402.03.03 ECAL 402.06.03 Cal Trigger 402.05.03 CSC Calorimeter 402.03.04 HCAL 402.06.04 Muon Trigger 402.05.04 GEM 402.04.03 402.06.05 Track Correlator Sensors/Modules 402.06.06 HLT 402.04.04 Cassettes 402.04.05 BH Active 402.04.06 Electronics and Services TBN 402.07 DAQ Page: 29
HL-LHC Luminosity Goals Ultimate luminosity represents 30% gain in operation time to reach -1 expected additional integrated luminosity of 2500 fb CMS upgrades enable operation at 200 PU, target Phase-I performance at 140 PU, allowing moderate degradation up to 200 PU, and radiation tolerance 3000 fb-1 Page: 30