81 98 3 3 1. Alderson 2000 60 1997 2008 " 2008 " CNKI 55. 3% 45. 7% 2008 Oller 1973 Shohamy 1978 Hinofotis 1980 Mullen 1980 Bachman 1985 2. cloze test Wilson Taylor 1953 Alderson 1980 Brown Oller 1993 19% 83% 3% 96% 2008 1992 1990 Cohen 1980 2001 2005
82 Henning 2001 2006 text style Davies 1999 Alderson 1979 Braley 1981 con- personal characteristics topical text difficulty deletion rate knowledge affective schemata Mauranen 1988 Bachman & Palmer 1996 Halliday & Hasan 1976 1 micro - level 2 Braley 1994 text 3 difficulty pragmatic level Bachman 1985 Farhady 1996 1 clause 2 sentence 3 across sen- tences but within the text 4 extra-textual information 1 2 Brown 1988 Harrison 1983 word characteristic semantic functional difficulty item facility 2006 1 1.
83 1 3. 2006 3. 1 98 37 61 17. 4 3. 2 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 6 275 500 50 4 11 2001 2003 2005 Microsoft Word Flesch-kincaid Grade Level Readability Index 6 ~ 12 6 1 N = 40 N = 40 397 5. 6 1 8. 4 20 18 2 30 10 23 17 20 18 2 30 10 23 17 377 5. 7 1 8. 5 24 13 3 30 10 30 10 24 13 3 30 10 30 10 398 6. 5 1 8. 6 19 17 4 30 10 23 17 19 17 4 30 10 23 17 1.
84 1 3 the acceptable word method Miller 400 and Coleman 1967 6 0. 99 Klare Sinaiko and Stolurow 1 8. 5 1972 0. 90 7. 5 40 2001 4. 6 25 4. 1 20 21. 847 19. 745 18. 520 33. 622 3. 3 31. 622 31. 653 the exact word method One-way ANOVA 2 F 2 277. 401 291 16. 858 2 128. 697 291 9. 884 P 16. 455. 000 13. 021. 000 2. 2 4. 2 F = 16. 455 13. 021 P <. 01 Post-hoc SLD 3 P <. 05 P <. 01 3 I J I - J P 2. 1020. 58656. 000 3. 3265. 58656. 000 1. 2245. 58656. 038 0. 5156 0. 4951 0. 2920 0. 8189 0. 7964 0. 7540 2. 0000. 44913. 000 1. 9694. 44913. 000 0. 0306. 44913. 949 One-way ANOVA 3. LSD 4 F P 2. 425 12. 629. 000 1173. 34 2 6. 78 165. 511. 000 879. 041 4.
85 F = 12. 629 165. 511 P <. 01 Post-hoc Tamhane'sT2 P =. 000 5 P =. 195. 236 >. 05 J I - J P -. 0216. 01192. 195. 2515. 01878. 000. 2732. 01847. 000. 0149. 00865. 236. 1308. 01785. 000. 1159. 01814. 000 5. Post-hoc Tamhane'sT2 0. 49 0. 4977 0. 4935 0. 5123 0. 8248 0. 7579 0. 8126 0. 8045 t t 6 P =. 663 >. 05 Bachman P =. 000 <. 01 1985 P =. 038 <. 05 P =. 227 >. 05 " " T - - - - T -. 435-2. 084 9. 236 1. 210 391 391 391 391 Brown 1988 P. 663. 038. 000. 227 6. t 4. 3 t P =. 000 P =. 000 <. 01 I <. 01 5.
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87 Jonz J. 1987. Textual cohesion and second language comprehension J. Language Learning 37 409-38. Klein Braley C. 1981. Empirical Investigation of Cloze Tests M. Dixx. Univ. of Duisbury. Klein Braley C. 1994. Language testing with the C - Test. A linguistic and statistical investigation into the strategies used by C - Test takers and the prediction of C - Test difficulty M. Higher doctoral thesis Habilitationsschrift University of Disburg. Mauranen A. 1988. The semantic cloze an approach to testing EFL reading R. Paper presented at TESOL convention Chicago March. Mullen K. 1980. Rate reliability and oral proficiency evaluation J. Research in language testing. Ed. John W. Oller Jr. & Kyle Perkins. Rowley MA Newbury House. Oller J. W. 1972. Scoring methods and difficulty levels for cloze tests of proficiency in English as a second language J. Modern Language Journal 56 151-58. Oller J. W. 1973. Pragmatic language testing. Language Sciences 28 7-12. Shohamy E. 1978. Investigation of concurrent validity of o- ral interview with cloze procedure for measuring proficiency in Hebrew as a second language D. Unpublished. University of Minnesota. Taylor W. L. 1953. 'Cloze Procedure' a new tool for measuring readability J. Journalism Quarterly 30 415-33.. J. 3 2001. M. 2000. M. 1997. M. 1991. J. 6 2005. D. 2006. 20 J. 2 2008. M. 2001. M. 1992. Cloze Test J. 1 1990. M. 1998 200241 500 A study on the factors that influence cloze test difficulty by XI Cuihua Abstract The cloze test is considered to be a quick economic method of measuring overall language proficiency as well as reading comprehension. This paper reports on the experiments carried out on the cloze procedure where the variables of text type text topic deletion type and response format are involved. Carefully designed cloze tests were administered to 98 middle school students. The scores for the cloze tests were computerized and the SPSS 11. 5 was applied to process the data. Key words cloze test text type deletion type