Garmin GNS 430 Navigation Training Andrew Sarangan CFII 1/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GNS 430 Panel GPS drives an external CDI/OBS 2/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Departure GPS Navigation Basics Airway Direct Navigation Airway VOR GPS allows direct navigation from departure to destination. IAF 3/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Departure GPS vs VOR Navigation Direct Navigation Airway Airway VOR VOR navigation is between VOR stations. GPS navigation is between GPS waypoints. Unlike a VOR, a GPS waypoint can be placed almost anywhere. Also, unlike the VOR, there is no need to change frequencies when switching from one waypoint to the next. Waypoints don t have frequencies. IAF 4/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Departure GPS Route Waypoint1 A GPS route can have multiple legs to navigate around obstacles or airspaces. Waypoint2 IAF 5/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Departure GPS Route Waypoint2 Active leg Waypoint1 A waypoint is automatically sequenced to the next waypoint upon station passage. Active leg will also sequence automatically. GPS drives the external CDI. Deflection is independent of OBS setting (unless using OBS mode). Fly it like a localizer, i.e., set OBS to desired course for correct needle interpretations. IAF 6/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Departure GPS Route Waypoint2 Active leg Waypoint1 A waypoint can be skipped at any time, proceeding directly to the next waypoint. IAF 7/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Approach IAF IAF IAF Active leg FAF High CDI sensitivity MAP (RWY) An approach is just another sequence of waypoints. The CDI will automatically switch to a higher sensitivity between the FAF and MAP. Hold 8/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Approach with Radar Vectoring IAF Active leg IAF FAF IAF If radar vectors to final is selected, the final approach leg will be activated regardless of aircraft position. MAP (RWY) Hold High CDI sensitivity The aircraft must intercept the final approach course prior to the FAF for proper approach sequencing to the MAP. 9/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Approaches Standard GPS Approach T- structure GPS Overlay Approach A temporary measure to allow pilots to fly existing non-precision approaches using GPS 10/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Standard GPS Approach 11/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Overlay Approach 12/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Nav/Com Control (Left Side) COM volume Pull for squelch NAV volume Pull for ident Push to select NAV or COM Standby freq will be highlighted Outer knob for 133.550 Inner knob for 110.550 VLOC=VOR/LOC Standby/Active flip-flop 13/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Control (Right Side) Map range. Up to zoom out (higher alt) Direct To Navigation Context sensitive menu Enter key Clear/Cancel. Press and hold to return to NAV1 screen Outer knob selects page groups (NAV,WPT,AUX,NRST) Inner knob selects pages within group Push to activate cursor; again to deactivate. Outer selects field, inner selects subfields Outer selects character field, inner changes characters 14/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Controls and Alarms External CDI source: GPS or VLOC Blank = Auto sequence enabled. SUSP = Auto sequence suspended. ex: holding fix, MAP OBS = external OBS-selected course to the waypoint 15/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Controls and Alarms Enroute/Terminal/Approach (CDI sensitivity) Terminal mode is within 30 NM of the airport Approach mode is just prior to FAF INTEG alarm (RAIM) MSG screen flashes when msg is waiting Flight plan screen Procedures: Approaches, DP, STAR 16/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Start Up Page Updated every 28 days 17/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Instrument Panel Self Test Verify against CDI/GS/Flag 18/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Flight Plan Catalog FPL2 contains the saved flight plans. Activate cursor (push), select flight plan (outer knob) and press ENT to view/edit the flight plan. FPL2 indicator Press FPL and turn inner knob to get the FPL2 screen 19/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Flight Plan Catalog Hit MENU from the FPL2 screen to create a new flight plan. 20/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Viewing a Flight Plan Flight plan # Default flight plan name Select field (outer knob) and turn inner knob to enter a new waypoint. 21/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Editing a Flight Plan When inner knob is turned, the waypoint entry menu pops us. Move between fields using outer knob and change characters using inner knob. Press ENT to accept. 22/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Adding an Approach to a Flight Plan An approach can be added as the last leg of the flight plan. Only one approach can be loaded into the flight plan. 23/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Adding an Approach to a Flight Plan Press MENU and highlight Select Approach field. 24/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Adding an Approach to a Flight Plan This will activate the WPT4 screen. Select the desired approach. GPS Overlay Approach 25/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Adding an Approach to a Flight Plan Select transition 26/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Adding an Approach to a Flight Plan Load approach into flight plan. 27/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Verify Flight Plan 28/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Removing a Waypoint from a Flight Plan To remove a waypoint, highlight the field and press CLR. 29/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen Removing an Approach from a Flight Plan To remove the entire approach, highlight the approach (blue field) and press CLR. Any segment of the approach can also be removed. 30/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL2 Screen - Flight Plan Activation Press MENU and highlight Activate Flight Plan field. Press ENT to activate. Alternatively, press MENU from Flight Plan Catalog screen. 31/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL1 Screen Viewing Active Flight Plan Flight plan # FPL1 shows the active flight plan and the active leg. Active flight plan is designated as #0. 32/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
FPL1 Screen Activating a Different Leg A different leg can be activated. Highlight the waypoint (outer) and press MENU. FPL1 indicator Press FPL to quit FPL screen 33/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV2 Screen Map Display Magenta line shows active leg of flight plan. White line shows other segments Use CLR key to increase/decrease map information NAV2 indicator Verify that auto sequence is on 34/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV1 Screen Default Nav NAV1 screen can be used to view the CDI display as well as some extra information such as ETE, Bearing to station, Present track etc.. DTK = Desired Track CDI display Active Leg of flight plan Course information NAV1 Indicator 35/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
External CDI GPS drives the external CDI. CDI is insensitive to OBS. 36/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV2 Screen Map Display Next DTK alert flashes when approaching a waypoint. Steep turn ahead alert will appear in the MSG window if ground speed is high. Next DTK Alert 37/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV2 Screen Map Display New course instruction will flash when close to the waypoint (using standard rate turn). Course change instruction 38/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV2 Screen Map Display Active leg will automatically sequence upon station passage. 39/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV2 Screen Map Display GPS expects the external OBS to be set to the DTK (even though this makes no difference to the CDI). If the difference between the DTK and the OBS is more than 10 deg, a warning will appear under MSG. 40/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV3 Screen - NAVCOM Enroute airport Airport closest to the next waypoint will be displayed. Activate cursor (push), select the frequency field (outer), and press enter to automatically load frequency into the standby channel. 41/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV3-WPT1 Screen (NAVCOM- Airport Location) Press ENT on any field in the NAV3 screen to get to the WPT1 screen for that airport. Press ENT or CLR to return to NAV3. 42/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV3 Screen - NAVCOM Any airport in the flight plan can be selected. Activate cursor (push), select the airport field (outer), and rotate subfield (inner). Press enter to select highlighted airport. 43/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NAV3 Screen - NAVCOM Arrival airport 44/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
WPT1 Screen Airport Location General airport information is listed in WPT1 45/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
WPT1 Screen Airport Location Press Menu to invoke airport selection menu. Or enter the airport code (outer, then inner). 46/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
WPT2 Screen Airport Runway Airport diagram is on WPT2 47/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
WPT2 Screen Airport Runway Press Menu to invoke airport selection menu. Or enter the airport code (outer, then inner). 48/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
WPT3 Screen Airport Frequency Similar to NAV3 screen 49/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
WPT3 Screen Airport Frequency Press Menu to invoke airport selection menu. Or enter the airport code (outer, then inner). 50/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST1 Screen Nearest Airport NRST1 contains all the nearest airports. Any frequency can be automatically loaded into standby by highlighting it and pressing ENT. 51/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST1-WPT1 Screen (Nearest Airport Information) Highlight an airport in the NRST1 screen and press ENT to access WPT1 screen for that airport. Press ENT or CLR to return back to NRST1. 52/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST2 Screen Nearest Intersection NRST2 contains all the nearest intersections. 53/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST2 WPT7 Screen (Nearest Intersection Information) Press ENT or CLR to return back to NRST1. 54/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST3 Screen Nearest NDB NRST3 contains all the nearest NDB stations. 55/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST3 WPT8 Screen (Nearest NDB Information) Press ENT or CLR to return back to NRST1. 56/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST4 Screen Nearest VOR NRST4 contains all the nearest VORs. Frequency can be automatically loaded into standby. 57/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST4-WPT9 Screen (Nearest VOR Information) Frequency can be automatically loaded into standby by highlighting it and pressing ENT. Press ENT or CLR to return to NRST4. 58/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST6 Screen Nearest ARTCC NRST6 contains the nearest ARTCC. Frequency can be automatically loaded into standby by highlighting it and pressing ENT. 59/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST7 Screen Nearest FSS NRST7 contains the nearest FSS. Frequency can be automatically loaded into standby by highlighting it and pressing ENT. 60/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST8 Screen Nearest Airspace NRST8 contains the nearest airspace. 61/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST8 Expanded Screen (Nearest Airspace) 62/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
NRST8 Expanded Screen (Nearest Airspace) Highlight Frequencies? and press ENT to access WPT3 screen for that airspace. Frequency can be automatically loaded into standby by highlighting it and pressing ENT. Press ENT or CLR to return back to NRST8. 63/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
DRCT1 Direct Navigation DIRECT can be invoked any time. By default, it presents the next waypoint in the current active leg. New airport can be entered by activating the cursor (press), selecting the field (outer) and using the subfield (inner) to change the airport code. 64/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
DRCT1 Direct Navigation By selecting the FPL field (outer) and using the subfield (inner), the list of airports in the active flight plan (#0) will be shown. Current leg can be bypassed. Activate confirmation is required. 65/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
DRCT1 Direct Navigation Current leg is being bypassed Direct to RID from present position. 66/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
DRCT1 Direct Navigation By selecting the NRST field (outer) and using the subfield (inner), the list of nearby airports will be shown. Activate confirmation is required. 67/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
DRCT1 Direct Navigation Press MENU in the DIRECT screen. Previous DIRECT commands can be cancelled to return to the original flight plan. 68/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
OBS Selected Course Selected course to the next WPT is displayed as active segment, and CDI moves like a normal VOR. Select OBS Select course 69/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Starting the Approach This airplane is still on the enroute leg. It will be automatically sequenced to the approach leg. 70/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
GPS Overlay Approach 71/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Initial Approach Fix IAF 72/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Outbound Segment Outbound from waypoint 73/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Outbound Segment Procedure Turn 74/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Procedure Turn Start procedure turn 75/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Procedure Turn Outbound Outbound Procedure turn headings are not shown. DTK remains on the outbound course. 76/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Procedure Turn Inbound FAF Inbound Automatically sequences to inbound leg when aircraft turns inbound on the PT. 77/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Procedure Turn Inbound FAF 78/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Inbound Segment FAF Approach is automatically armed prior to FAF. CDI goes to high sensitivity. 79/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Final Approach Segment MAP Final approach leg 80/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Point Approaching MAP 81/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Point Remains at MAP Auto sequencing is suspended at MAP. 82/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Segment Missed Hold Terminal mode (low CDI sensitivity) Press OBS to start sequencing Course to Missed Approach Hold 83/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Segment Direct navigation to Missed Approach Hold 84/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Hold Hold entry method 85/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Hold Auto sequence suspended at holding fix 86/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Hold Clock counts up from zero abeam the holding fix 87/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Hold Clock resets and counts up on inbound leg 88/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Direct to the IAF If you want to skip all the intermediate waypoints and go straight to the IAF, press PROC and select Activate Approach. This will create a direct leg to the IAF and activate that leg. 89/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Direct to the IAF Direct course to the IAF is shown. 90/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Changing to Radar Vectors Press PROC and select and activate Vectors to final. 91/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Changing to Radar Vectors Final course is active even though the aircraft has not intercepted it. Automatic sequencing will begin when the aircraft intercepts the course. 92/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Changing to Radar Vectors Vectors to final is indicated by VTF. 93/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Selecting a Different Approach Press PROC and Select Approach. 94/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Selecting an Approach If the active flight plan does not contain an approach, the Activate and Vectors to Final options will be greyed out. A new approach must be selected. 95/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Selecting a Non-GPS Approach Select, load and activate a new approach (vectors to final in this example) 96/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Non-GPS Approach Warning 97/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Radar Vectors to Final 98/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Non-GPS Approach Warning Localizer frequency is automatically loaded to standby 99/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Standard GPS Approach IAF This airplane is still on the enroute leg. It will be automatically sequenced to the approach leg. 100/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Standard GPS Approach 101/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Intermediate Segment This airplane is on the intermediate approach segment. 102/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Inbound Segment FAF 103/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Inbound Segment FAF Approach is automatically armed prior to FAF. CDI goes to high sensitivity. 104/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Final Approach Segment MAP Final approach leg 105/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Point Approaching MAP 106/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Point Remains at MAP Auto sequencing is suspended at MAP. 107/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Segment Missed Hold Terminal mode (low CDI sensitivity) Press OBS to start sequencing Course to Missed Approach Hold 108/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Hold Hold entry method 109/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
Missed Approach Hold Auto sequence suspended at holding fix 110/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
DME Arcs DTK will constantly change along the DME arc. Fly the DTK and set the external OBS to the DTK. If the difference between DTK and OBS is greater than 10 deg, a change course warning will appear under MSG. 111/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
RAIM Minimum satellites required: 4 (or 3 with baro-aiding) Minimum satellites required for RAIM: 5 (or 4 with baro-aiding) RAIM prediction forecasts availability of RAIM RAIM prediction is automatically done prior to arming the approach at the FAF. 112/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan
SUMMARY NAV2 (map) and NAV1 (default) are the most frequently used pages. Program flight plan prior to departure. Include anticipated approach. Multiple approaches cannot be programmed. Program separate flight plan for the alternate airport. During flight, monitor NAV2 (map screen) for DTK and Distance. DIRECT can be used anytime to bypass a segment, or to navigate to somewhere else. If expected approach is cleared, GPS will automatically activate the approach and arm the APR mode (higher CDI sensitivity) If cleared for a different approach, select and activate that approach using PROC (which will present a direct navigation to that IAF). Use PROC if a different transition is desired (vectors to final). Auto sequence will be suspended at the MAP. Activate auto sequencing if a missed approach is necessary. For published holds, entry method will be suggested, and auto sequence will be suspended. Outbound and inbound legs will be automatically timed (in NAV1) VOR/LOC and COM frequencies can be automatically loaded from the database into standby. 113/113 6/14/2004 Andrew Sarangan