René Kamphuis, Energy Center of the Netherlands Current national metering initiative and micro-chp applications
Background Smart metering incentive European Energy Services Directive Billing based on actual consumption Frequently enough to get feedback effect Energy saving by: Feedback as respect to consumption/production Demand response mechanisms Promote energy market liberalisation process; Actual meter readings once a switch of address occurs Conditions/limitations: Smart meters owned, placed and operated by energy grid operator Data collection by metering company Third parties have read-access Open/non-proprietary communication Customer access guaranteed
Result cost benefit analysis: + 1,2 billion EUR (20 years) Efficientere storingsafhandeling door slimme meter E Snellere storingsmelding door slimme meter E Effectievere aanpak wanbetalers door slimme meter G Effectievere aanpak wanbetalers door slimme meter E Snellere detectie van fraude E-meters (stroomdiefstal) Verschuiving elektriciteitsverbruik door vraagresponse Makkelijker switchen leidt tot meer concurrentie en prijsdaling G Makkelijker switchen leidt tot meer concurrentie en prijsdaling E Maandelijkse facturering energieverbruik door leverancier Efficiënt verloop switchproces door betere meterstanden G Efficiënt verloop switchproces door betere meterstanden E Vermindering klachten G via call center Vermindering klachten E via call center Besparing kosten jaarlijkse bepaling meterstanden Besparing kosten fysiek meteropnemen E+G Zuiniger gedrag bewoners t.a.v. gasverbruik Zuiniger gedrag bewoners t.a.v. elektriciteitsverbruik Inrichting infra t.b.v. terugkoppeling meetdata naar verbruikers Inrichten datacentra voor meetdata Inrichten data-infrastructuur via ADSL of kabel Inrichten data-infrastructuur via GSM/GPRS -60 0-50 0-40 0-30 0-20 0-10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 100 0 Inrichten data-infrastructuur via Power Line Communications (PLC) MEURO Aanschaf en installatie slimme gasmeters
Actors/interests; architecture Energy grid operator -> Real-time data/switching/limiting current/quality Energy supplier-> liberalised energy market opportiunies; comfort services Metering data company; operate measuring network Third parties (ESCO s, service providers); feedback, bundled services (G,E,H) Customer; ease; details of consumption; no estimates on actual consumption in time
Current commercial rollouts (Oxxio and NUON/Infostroom) By day By month
Functions and responsibilities -> Metal, Rubber, Bulk Chemistry
Communication P1: Customer (optical, RF) P2: Gas and Water P3: Metering company, ESCO, grid operator
Communication split-up CTS: Central Access Server P3 : Gas and Water P4: Metering company, ESCO, grid operator
Metering: conclusions NTA (Nederlandse Technische Afspraak Specification document available Regular evaluations ECN involved in ESMA-project; 2007 onwards EU-SAVE programme
Coverage of ESMA: European Coverage of Project Participants Target Coverage of Alliance Participants
Project Structure Parallel Steams Working Party Produce reports Produce best practice Comprises experts Part funded by EC Project focus Disseminate outputs Alliance Open to all stakeholders European Dimension National Champions Disseminate outputs Deliver consensus Product focus
Project Deliverables ESMA (1) Review of state of the art of smart metering (Year 1) Identify costs and benefits for Member States Including a report on metering arrangements across Europe and identification of decision makers across Europe Develop financial toolkit for analysis of Smart metering cost benefits (Year 1) Application Guides for Smart Metering (Year 1) System design options Customer information formats Smart Metering Implementation Approaches Pilot and trial design Dissemination (Year 1-3)
Project Deliverables ESMA Web Site Aim to be world resource Provide document store for Alliance Members Provide information for customers Provide community space for researchers Annual Report on Smart Metering in Europe to European Commission Numbers of smart meters installed Energy saving benefits delivered Input to National Energy Savings Plans Identify barriers to smart metering installation
Next: MicroCHP fieldtest: Evolution in the Electricity Infrastructure (Drawing courtesy of ISET)
The Challenge of the Changing System Traditional situation: Demand Behaves stochastically Partially predictable Supply Large scale production Fully controllable Control Centralised Done by the supply-side Future situation: Demand Behaves stochastically Partially predictable Supply Behaves stochastically Partially predictable Control Challenges How to maintain the supply & demand balance? Who delivers system support services?
Features of the future smart electricity system 1. All grid connections participate actively in managing the grid 2. Next to the current electricity markets (e.g. power exchange and imbalance markets), new markets for Ancillary (Grid) Services exist 3. Everybody, from the larger producer to the smallest consumer, has direct access to these markets 4. Roles and relations between electricity system actors have changed Consumers are producers and vice versa Retail and Trade have bidirectional relations New commercial relations between customers/retail/trade and grid companies Grid companies become facilitators instead of operators Energy Service Companies may arise as key new players, aggregating customer interest and delivering services and products to trade, the grid and directly on the energy markets 5. Real-time metering and embedded ICT distributed control solutions are key to making this future technologically possible 6. Micro-CHP is the break-through technology in this process
PowerMatcher overview
PowerMatcher fieldtest
µchp Virtual Power Plant Clustered operation of micro-chps for grid-support and trading... Local VPP-Node Local VPP-Node Local VPP-Node Local VPP-Node GPRS Wireless Communication PowerMatcher VPP-Controller GPRS Supplier:
Demand, price-forming and VPP supply (first 5 micro-chp connected)
Effect of 5 micro-chp Virtual Power Plant on Neighbourhood Demand Pattern: first results
Concluding remarks PowerMatcher Principle works in real-life situations,also for micro-chp Local conditions stay within local boundaries There is no complaint from residents If communication fails, devices just go on as stand-alone micro-chps PowerMatcher will be refined and further developed in on-going and coming projects (national as well as EU-funded) These kind of solutions are essential for integrating large scale micro-chp and renewables in the electricity system