City Sanitation Plan Preparation Sharing Few Early Lessons.. Vigyan Bhvan, New Delhi ASCI, Hyderabad 2August2010
RECAP: India Urban Sanitation Vision All Indian cities and towns become totally sanitized, healthy and liveable; and ensure and sustain positive public health and environmental outcomes for all their citizens. 2
Typical Situation in Indian Cities and Towns
Cement bags and Pit Dry pit Access means still this to remaining. Unsanitary latrines, discharged in to drains, water Body Leading to Drain On River banks About 82 % disposed in an unsafe manner
Dead Investments ILCS toilet used for storage purpose Closed as it is non functional due to unfavorable soil condition in slums
Septic Tanks No Regulation Septic tanks (around 45%) - No regulation on Discharge and Construction ti Liquid waste env standards. not adhering to Septic tanks - Reality
Septic Tank outlet very next to it. Wt Water Pipes passing through Drains
All Grey water find way in to Water Bodies Bathing area Utility areas Hung nglatrines Hobra River side around 1145 house holds discharge toilets holds discharge Estimated about 8520 kg/ day of BOD -entering thehaorariver
Septic tanks disposal of sludge No septage Management Water bodies polluted
MSW dumped in to drains and burnt in open
Not regulated X Unsanitary Analysing Access to Toilets
How safe Septic Tanks are?????... Location: Cesspools can t Reach manual handling (mapping with the help of operators). Construction: Use of porous Material, not adhering to specs eg. No level diff between inlet and outlet, No soak pits. Usage : allowing bathing water, soap water, acids. No proper Sludge disposal: Exposed, Leakages due to delays in clearences Tools: FGDs, Transect walks, interviews with ULB officials
Our Approach.. Estimating Eti g safe sanitation itti in a given city Concentrating more on softer aspects Demand driven approach Communication Needs Assessment Identifying strategies to achieve enhanced public health and environmental outcomes in a mission i mode in CSP..
Estimating safe sanitation
Analyzing and mapping Access Service levels l (SLB indicators ) Mapping spatially (questionnaires) Profiling ULB Community toilets Slums Residential Areas ( inner and peri urban) Public spaces Schools Analyzing existing toilet options used in given city Estimating safe sanitation - Water balance approach Solutions and Strategies
Major Challenges demand side Open defecation (18%) Unsanitary toilets and disposal (48-82%) Unregulated discharge from Septic tanks Pollution of Water Bodies / Soil Limited Awareness - public health, sanitary latrines, O&M and environmental outcomes Contd.
Major Challenges Supply Side Very weak MIS on full cycle of sanitation. No clear roles to manage sanitation Issues of safety of health workers Land and Resources Capacities knowledge and skills Inadequate number of Public Toilets School and institutional sanitation Gender issues Lack of adequate O & M
City is inhomogeneous centralized or decentralized. Give direction to move forward with more specific areas to address. Derive strategies for different pockets. Sound recommendations leading to DPRs which have been validated. Regulations and Monitoring is much more easy
CSP strategies Communi cation/a wareness Financial Institutional (ULB/Comm unity) Regulati on Capacities Open Defecation Upgradation of kutcha toilets Septic tanks not reachable by Cesspools - manual cleaning. Septic Tanks not regulated construction, usage Two pits in unfavorable conditions (wet/ rocky soils) sewerage untreated.
City Sanitation Plans of UP Cities 7/30/10
information of UP State : Uttar Pradesh Total Population: 19,08,91,000 (2008) Cities Total number of cities developing CSPs: 08 Current status of sanitation City Name Population Area % of open defecation % of Liquid % of Liquid Waste Waste treated treated through through on sewerage site system systems % of Solid Waste treated Authorities/ Agencies Current MoUD Involved Rating Agra 15,50,000 141 sq km Approximately 35% 03 STP To be functional soon Agra Nagar Nigam 113 (39.510) Kanpur 30,00,000 260 sq km Approximately 30-35% Kanpur Nagar Nigam 10 (55.340) To be functional by Nagar Nigam Moradabad 8,25,000 70 sq km Less than 5% -Nil- -Nil- Dec 10 Moradabad 138 (38.322) Bareilly 9,50,000 90 sq km Approximately 30% -Nil- -Nil- -Nil- Nagar Nigam Bareilly 187 (36.101) Approximately Aligarh 8,70,000, 82 sq km 30% -Nil- -Nil- -Nil- Nagar Nigam Aligarh 227 (33.883) Jhansi 6,00,000 68 sq km Nagar Nigam Jhansi 103 (39.913) Saharanpur 7,00,000 65 sq km Nagar Nigam Saharanpur 181 (36.317)
Assessment of the Current Situation Disaggregated Data City Level Data Zonal Level Data Zonal 6Z Zones Level Data Ward Ward Ward Level Level Level Data Data Data Ward Ward Ward Level Level Level Data Data Data Industries 110 wards Slums Institutions 7/30/10 Schools Public spaces
1 2 3 Prepara tory Steps Profiling ULB Stakeholder Analysis Sensitisation / Orientation Workshop Step by Step Method Step by Step Process CSP preparation 4 Constituting: City Sanitation Task Force Core Team Technical Core Team - IEC 5 6 Initiating IEC activities Situation Analysis and mapping current status Data gaps & Quality Surveys Transect walks FGDs Problem Analysis and assessment of Options 7 8 9 Developing and Consolidating CSP Formulation of town level action Plan Planning for : Solutions Selecting options New facilities Behavior change Monitoring and Evaluation 1 7/30/10 Finalisation of CSP at Stakeholder Workshop
Steps initiated so far.. Agency to execute CSP preparation ASCI Initial meetings with ULBs officials completed for data generation. City sanitation Task Force has been formed for Agra and Kanpur Preliminary Data collected for Agra, Kanpur & Moradabad. Planning to collect primary & secondary data collection in Aug Sep 2010 Analysing service level benchmarks, access to toilets, toilet options, estimating safe sanitation, Communication Needs assessment etc.
Slum Waste Dumped In Jamuna River : Agra 7/30/10
Defecation : Agra Open
Open Defecation : Kanpur 7/30/10
Solid Waste Dumps : Agra D A Slum 7/30/10
Challenges/ capacity needs of ULB Capacity building to ULB officials is required. ASCI was asked to prepare 08 cities CSP and handholding p support. Specific challenges faced: p g Open defecation Inadequate STP/water treatment plants Non notified slums across railway lines Inadequate storm water drainage Disaggregate data on sanitation dt it ti Lack of institutional arrangement for sanitation Clear guidelines and framework on CSP. and on CSP 7/30/10
Vision and Goals for CSP (with respect to management of liquid and solid waste)
Vision Statement: Our City to become totally sanitised by 2015 so as to ensure good public health standards, human dignity, and privacy for all citizens This covers collection, transportation, treatment and disposal to prevent disease, pollution and safeguard dignity.
Objectives Immediate (2010/12) Elimination of open defecation Universal access to safe sanitation (households and Community level) Upgradation of kutcha to Pucca toilets School and institutional sanitation Public areas Credible Information (MIS) Sanitation improvement plans (CSP) Septage management Institutional arrangements and Capacity building
Objectives Medium term (2012/14) Regulation Sanitary and safe disposal of human excreta and liquid waste Systems in place for good O & M (individual, community level toilets and disposal systems) through behaviour change and good mgmt practices Door to door collection of MSW and safe transport
Objectives Long term (2014 onwards) Water recycle and reuse Monitoring and evaluation Decentralized technology options
Integrating new/ ongoing/ existing projects Support under: MoUD support for CSP (MIS & IEC) JNNURM UGD, WS, MSW UIDSSMT RAY Satellite Township Programme 13 FC SSA State programmes (Kanshiram Awas Yojana) Budget allocation of 20% for poor on sanitation with CSP
Plans for stakeholder participation NGOs, Media, citizens etc Communication need assessment - different Target groups Demand creation: CTF Standing Committee - Health, Sanitation and Public Health The Urban Poverty Eradication Cell (UPE Cell) Ward Committees & Ward Education Committee Non- Government Organization (NGO) Organising sanitation month, Sanitary marts School sanitation and Hygiene education programme