TECHNICAL DATA SHEET ISSUED BY TIMBER QUEENSLAND TIMBER DECKS

TECHNICAL DATA SHEET ISSUED BY TIMBER QUEENSLAND TIMBER DECKS COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE 7 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE // MARCH 04 Timber s natural appeal, strength and environmental credentials continue to make it the ideal choice for decking in commercial, industrial and marine structures, including: boardwalks jetties pontoons marinas bridges foot bridges loading docks vehicle parking SCOPE This data sheet provides details for the design, specification and construction of timber decks in fully exposed environments (including marine) in applications for light pedestrian traffic (.7 kn or 4.5 kn point loads), heavy pedestrian traffic (9.0 kn point loads) and light vehicular traffic (3 kn point loads) with uniformly distributed loads of up to 5 kpa. Details for posts, other supporting/ foundation structures and lateral stability etc. are not included and should be engineered for the specific site conditions. SPECIES SELECTION AND DURABILITY The traditional timber used in Australia for heavy decking is inground durability class or hardwood. The reasons for this are ready availability, natural durability and proven performance with minimum maintenance. Preservative treated seasoned softwoods are now widely used in applications such as foot bridges, boardwalks, etc. Table provides guidance on readily available species suitable for heavy decking. It is recommended that for hardwood a range of acceptable species be specified for a project rather than a single species which will limit availability. More detailed advice on timber durability performance can be obtained from Construction Timber in Queensland (CTIQ), www.daff.qld.gov.au. H3 is the minimum treatment level for timber used above ground, that is well ventilated & free draining. For higher above ground hazard situations, H4 should be specified and used. GRADES Decking is available in both unseasoned and seasoned timber in a range of grades and sizes. Stress Grade The general grade descriptions provided by the relevant Australian Standards (AS 08 - Visually Stress-Graded Hardwood, AS 858 - Softwood - Visually Stress-Graded For Structural Purposes) satisfy the structural requirements for bearers, joists and decking. For greater serviceability, the following additional grade requirements should be specified for timber decking boards: Open timber features such as knot holes, loose or unsound knots, gum pockets, loose gum veins, shakes and termite galleries should not be permitted on the upper face on the decking. Square or near square sections can be more economical than rectangular sections of equivalent structural capacity because they can be cut from smaller logs containing sound boxed heart. Other advantages of square sections include longer length availability and greater lateral stability. DECKING BOARD SIZES AND PROFILES Table provides general guidance on sizes and stress grades which are usually available, however, individual suppliers should be contacted to determine availability of different size, species, grade and quantities. SURFACE TEXTURE Experience has shown that timber with a sawn upper face provides greater long term weathering ability than a dressed surface. Decking therefore should be rough sawn all round or sized on two edges and one face (underside) only. ARRISES AND CORNERS A 3 mm arris should be specified on the top corners. Some seasoned decking is available with rounded corners. Such treatment of arrises or corners will reduce the incidence of splintering and improve the performance of coatings. TABLE - SUITABLE SPECIES Species PRESERVATIVE TREATED PINE (Carribean, Hoop, Radiata, Slash) Post in Ground H5 Treatment (H6 Treatment in seawater contact) Posts, Framing and Decking Above Ground H3 Treatment (minimum) CYPRESS (See Note, 4) (See Note 4) BLACKBUTT (See Note ) GUM Forest Red GUM Grey GUM Spotted (See Note ) IRONBARK Red or Grey MAHOGANY Red (See Note ) MAHOGANY White MESSMATE Gympie TALLOWWOOD TURPENTINE (See Note 6) NOTES:. These timbers are in-ground durability class and may be used for in-ground applications only when they can be easily and economically replaced if degrade occurs.. Hardwood decking boards containing sapwood must be preservative treated to H3 hazard level. (H5 if less than 400 mm from the ground) TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page

3. Hardwood posts and framing containing more than 0% cross-section area of sapwood must be treated with preservative. (H5 level when in ground contact or less than 400 mm from the ground, H3 (min) elsewhere). Small amounts of sapwood (less than 0% of cross section) may remain untreated provided they do not occur at joints or fixing points (not exceeding 50% of face or edge). 4. Cypress sapwood should be limited to 0% of the cross section (not exceeding 50% of face or edge) and should not occur at joints or fixing points. 5. Untreated softwood heartwood should be limited as for untreated hardwood sapwood (refer note 3). 6. Suitable only for posts and seasoned decking. TABLE - DECKING BOARD SIZES AND STRESS GRADES Timber Hardwood - unseasoned Hardwood - seasoned Softwood - seasoned Cypress - unseasoned * sized dimension Finished or d 35/45 x 70 *, 35/45 x 90 * 35/45 x 0 *, 35/45 x 40 * 35/45 x 70, 35/45 x 90 35/45 x 0, 35/45 x 40 35/45 x 70, 35/45 x 90 35/45 x 0, 35/45 x 40 35/45 x 70 *, 35/45 x 90 * 35/45 x 0 *, 35/45 x 40 * Stress Grades Dimensions F4, F7, F F7, F7 F7, MGP F5, F7 MOISTURE CONTENT AND SHRINKAGE External decking timbers exposed to the weather will reach Equilibrium Moisture Content (EMC) with their surroundings after a period of 9-8 months, depending upon prevailing weather, size and type of timber used. For coastal Australia, decks that are well ventilated should reach an EMC of approximately 6%. For decks close to and over water, EMC s will normally be a little higher (8-%) and for dry inland areas considerably lower (0-%). Depending on location and species, the amount of shrinkage occurring in unseasoned timber will vary. Generally, about 6% shrinkage (6 mm per 00 mm) should be expected for unseasoned hardwood. An indication of shrinkage rates for individual species is given in Technical Data Sheet 6, Species Properties and Uses. Allowance should therefore be made for shrinkage in unseasoned bearers, joists and decking, and for the gaps that will develop between the decking boards. A minimum gap of 6 mm is recommended between decking boards to allow for good drainage and ventilation around boards. Unseasoned decking boards should be laid tight together, with subsequent shrinkage creating the required gaps. As an example, if unseasoned spotted gum decking (45 x 0 mm) was butted together on installation, the final gap between the boards would be approximately 6% of 0 = 7-8 mm. Seasoned decking should be installed with the required 6 mm minimum gap at the time of laying. Closing of these gaps may occur during prolonged wet periods. Larger gaps may be necessary for areas of higher EMC e.g. over water. CONSTRUCTION On-Site Storage Timber delivered to site should be stored supported on level bearers not less than 50 mm clear of the ground. Timber should be left block stacked and banded until required. Both seasoned and unseasoned decking should be covered to protect it from the sun and rain. End-Plating and Sealing To reduce end splitting in unseasoned timber, the end grain should be coated immediately after sawing with a suitable sealer such as Petroleum Jelly or Mobilcer-M Wax Emulsion. In addition, all unseasoned sections 300 x 75 mm or greater should be end-plated with a multi-toothed plate connector covering at least 50% of the exposed end section. Timber should be specified and supplied to site with the end-sealing and plating already in place. Fasteners All fixings (nails, bolts, screws, plates, etc.) should be either stainless steel, monel metal, hot dipped galvanised or mechanically plated. Table 3 provides relevant fastener details for the fixing of the decks. Where CCA, ACQ or copper azole treated timber has been used and continual moisture is present, hot dipped galvanised bolts etc., should be coated with a heavy bodied grease, bitumuous epoxy paint or plastic sheath prior to installation. TABLE 3 - DECK FIXING DECKING BOARD SIZE 35 x 70 35 x 90 35 x 70 35 x 90 35 x 0 35 x 40 45 x 70 45 x 90 45 x 0 45 x 70 45 x 90 45 x 0 45 x 40 No. Fixing Type 00 x 3.75 Flat Head or Dome Head Nail * (Pre-drilling may be required) Minimum Deck Joist Width (mm) 50 75 mm x No.4 Type 7 Batten Screw 50 5 x 5.6 Dome Head Decking Spike (Pre-drilling Required) 90/00 mm x No.4 Type 7 Batten Screw Pre-drilling Bolt holes in unseasoned timber should be drilled to a size equal to the bolt diameter + 0%. Where multiple bolts or fasteners are used in unseasoned timber, allowance for shrinkage should be made to avoid shrinkage restraint and possible splitting. Pre-drilling for screws or nails may be necessary to avoid splitting. Where pre-drilling for screws or nails is required, the pre-drilled hole should be approximately 80% of the shank diameter of the screw or nail. The size of fastener required to fix the decking boards may dictate the minimum deck joist thickness. Table 6 provides guidance in this regard. Joint Detailing The design of the joints is a key factor in ensuring the durability of the structure. When designing joints in timber decks, the following general guidelines should be considered: Keep the contact area between members to a minimum. Make all joints self draining. Where the contact area is excessive or durability in the joint may be a problem, use a preservative paste (e.g., Koppers CN Emulsion) or a bitumastic type sealer on the contact surfaces. Avoid bolt or nail configurations which are likely to cause splitting as the timber seasons. Seal all end-grain with a suitable sealer (e.g., Mobilcer-M Wax Emulsion). Ensure the joint receives as much natural ventilation as possible. Ventilation The long term satisfactory performance of the decking and timber substructure can be markedly enhanced by ensuring adequate ventilation. Care should be taken to avoid dead air pockets. The wider the decking board spacing and the greater the ventilation, the longer the deck will last. As a minimum, a final decking board spacing of 6 mm is recommended. 75 50 TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page

FINISHING AND MAINTENANCE Finishing For industrial and marine applications, the addition of coatings in addition to those used to protect end-grain joints, etc. is not usually necessary; however, the use of a suitable decking finish will improve long term performance. For LOSP treated timber, all members should be coated all-round with a paint or stain, and maintained as recommended in Timber Queensland Technical Data Sheet - LOSP Treated Timber. For some commercial applications, the use of finishes may be appropriate to provide colour or alternatively, protection against staining during construction or where food and drinks are served. A number of finishes which are easily maintained are available. An appropriate finish in most cases would be an oil based stain used in conjunction with a water repellent. Maintenance Most heavy deck structures are generally designed to have minimal maintenance, however, the areas where maintenance may be required are as follows: Replacement of damaged decking boards. If a stain finish is used, refinishing will be needed at intervals dependent on exposure and traffic. The end sealants may leach out over time on exposed ends and further applications may be required. Loose boards may develop as a result of excessive vibration loading and these should be refixed. The re-punching of some nails or re-tightening of screws may be necessary after shrinkage. The tightening of bolts after shrinkage of larger members may also be necessary TABLE 4 - ALLOWABLE DECKING BOARD SPANS Point Loads Allowable Decking Board Spans F7 MGP F4 F7 F F7 35 x 70 580 700 700 740 760 800 Point Load 35 x 90 660 780 760 800 840 880.7 kn 35 x 0 70 860 840 880 90 960 35 x 40 760 900 880 90 960 00 (Light 45 x 70 780 90 900 940 980 040 Pedestrian 45 x 90 840 000 980 00 080 0 Traffic) 45 x 0 940 00 080 40 80 00 45 x 40 980 60 40 00 00 00 35 x 70 340 480 700 740 760 800 Point Load 35 x 90 40 600 760 800 840 880 4.5 kn 35 x 0 560 780 840 880 90 960 35 x 40 640 900 880 90 960 00 (Light 45 x 70 580 800 900 940 980 040 Pedestrian 45 x 90 700 980 980 00 080 0 Traffic) 45 x 0 90 00 080 40 80 00 45 x 40 980 60 40 00 00 00 35 x 70 NS NS 340 440 560 640 Point Load 35 x 90 NS NS 40 50 680 700 9.0 kn 35 x 0 NS 380 560 700 740 780 35 x 40 30 460 640 740 780 80 (Heavy 45 x 70 NS 400 580 70 800 840 Pedestrian 45 x 90 340 500 700 80 860 900 Traffic) 45 x 0 460 640 860 90 960 000 45 x 40 540 740 90 960 000 060 35 x 70 NS NS NS 300 380 480 Point Load 35 x 90 NS NS NS 360 480 580 3 kn 35 x 0 NS NS 380 480 60 680 35 x 40 NS 30 440 560 680 70 (Light 45 x 70 NS NS 400 500 640 740 Vehicular 45 x 90 NS 340 480 600 760 800 Traffic) 45 x 0 30 440 640 800 840 880 45 x 40 360 50 740 840 880 940 NOTE TO TABLE 4: These sizes are also capable of carrying uniformly distributed loads of 5 kpa. DESIGN AS/NZS 70, Structural design actions, provides guidance on the loads required to be considered for most commercial and industrial applications. Decking Boards Table 4 gives the allowable spans for various grades and sizes of timber decking for a uniform distributed load up to 5 kpa and point live loads as indicated. Joists and Bearers Tables 5 and 6 provide joist sizes and Tables 7 and 8 provide bearer sizes. TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page 3

TABLE 5 - DECK JOISTS - SEASONED TIMBER Joist Spacing Maximum Joist Span (mm) 4.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 4.5 kn Point Live Load 5.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 3 kn Point Live Load F7 MGP F7 F7 F7 MGP F7 F7 F7 MGP F7 F7 F7 MGP F7 F7 0 x 45 - - 000 000 - - 400 600 - - 000 000 - - 400 600 40 x 45 - - 500 700-000 00 300 - - 500 700-000 00 300 300 70 x 45-00 400 3400-600 3400 3900-00 400 3400-600 3400 3900 90 x 45-500 300 3800 00 000 4000 4400-500 300 3800 00 000 4000 4400 40 x 45 600 300 4400 4800 00 300 5000 5500 600 300 4400 4800 00 300 5000 5500 90 x 45 500 300 5300 5800 3500 4500 600 6600 500 300 5300 5800 3500 4500 600 6600 450 600 750 900 0 x 45 - - - 600 - - 00 300 - - - 600 - - 00 300 40 x 45 - - 300 400 - - 700 3000 - - 300 400 - - 700 3000 70 x 45-000 000 300-300 800 3700-000 000 300-300 800 3700 90 x 45-300 700 3600 00 700 3600 400-300 700 3600 00 700 3600 400 40 x 45 400 000 400 4600 900 700 4700 500 400 000 400 4600 900 700 4700 500 90 x 45 00 800 5000 5500 900 3700 5700 6300 00 800 5000 5500 900 3700 5700 6300 0 x 45 - - - 400 - - 000 000 - - - 400 - - 000 000 40 x 45 - - 00 00 - - 500 900 - - 00 00 - - 500 900 70 x 45-000 800 300-00 400 3500-000 800 300-00 400 3500 90 x 45-00 300 3500 000 500 300 3900-00 300 3500 000 500 300 3900 40 x 45 300 800 4000 4400 700 400 4500 5000 300 800 4000 4400 700 400 4500 5000 90 x 45 000 500 4900 5300 600 3300 5500 6000 000 500 4900 5300 600 3300 5500 6000 0 x 45 - - - 300 - - 000 800 - - - 300 - - 000 800 40 x 45 - - 00 900 - - 400 600 - - 00 900 - - 400 600 70 x 45-000 700 3000-00 00 3400-000 700 3000-00 00 3400 90 x 45-00 00 3400 000 500 900 3800-00 00 3400 000 500 900 3800 40 x 45 300 800 3600 4300 700 300 4300 4900 300 800 3600 4300 700 300 4300 4900 90 x 45 000 400 4700 500 400 3000 500 5900 000 400 4700 500 400 3000 500 5900 0 x 45 - - - 300 - - 000 700 - - - 300 - - 000 700 40 x 45 - - 00 800 - - 400 400 - - 00 800 - - 400 400 70 x 45-000 700 800-00 00 3400-000 700 800-00 00 3400 90 x 45-00 00 3300 000 500 700 3800-00 00 3300 000 500 700 3800 40 x 45 300 800 3400 400 700 300 3900 4800 300 800 3400 400 700 300 3900 4800 90 x 45 000 400 4600 500 400 3000 4700 5800 000 400 4600 500 400 3000 4700 5800 NOTES TO TABLE 5:. Minimum end bearing length = 35 mm, Minimum internal bearing length = 70 mm.. Live load deflection limit = span/50 or 0 mm (This limit is considered appropriate where the maximum loads are only applied occasionally). 3. Maximum cantilever shall be not more than 5% of maximum allowable joist span and not more than 30% of actual span. 4. The availability of different grades, sizes and lengths may vary between individual suppliers. Availability should be checked prior to design/specification. 5. The maximum joist spans are based on a maximum decking mass of 40 kg/m. TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page 4

TABLE 6 - DECK JOISTS - UNSEASONED Joist Spacing 900 300 450 600 750 Maximum Joist Span (mm) 4.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 4.5 kn Point Live Load 5.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 3 kn Point Live Load F5 F7 F4 F7 F F5 F7 F4 F7 F F5 F7 F4 F7 F F5 F7 F4 F7 F 5 x 50 - - - 300 900 - - 300 800 500 - - - 300 900 - - 300 800 500 5 x 75 - - 600 00 600 - - 00 3000 300 - - 600 00 600 - - 00 3000 300 50 x 50 - - 500 00 800 - - 00 3000 300 - - 500 00 800 - - 00 3000 300 50 x 75 - - 500 300 3300-300 3400 3600 3800 - - 500 300 3300-300 3400 3600 3800 75 x 50 - - 300 300 3300-00 300 3600 3800 - - 300 300 3300-00 300 3600 3800 75 x 75 000 400 3500 3700 3900 400 900 4000 400 4400 000 400 3500 3700 3900 400 900 4000 400 4400 00 x 50-00 300 3700 3800 00 600 4000 400 4400-00 300 3700 3800 00 600 4000 400 4400 00 x 75 400 900 4000 400 4400 900 600 4600 4800 5000 400 900 4000 400 4400 900 600 4600 4800 5000 5 x 50 00 600 3900 400 4300 600 00 4500 4700 4900 00 600 3900 400 4300 600 00 4500 4700 4900 5 x 75 900 600 4500 4800 5000 600 3600 500 5400 5700 900 600 4500 4800 5000 600 3600 500 5400 5700 50 x 50 500 00 4400 4600 4800 000 800 5000 500 5500 500 00 4400 4600 4800 000 800 5000 500 5500 50 x 75 500 3300 5000 5300 5600 3400 4700 5700 6000 6300 500 3300 5000 5300 5600 3400 4700 5700 6000 6300 75 x 75 300 400 5600 5800 600 4300 5400 6300 6600 6900 300 4700 5600 5800 600 4300 5400 6300 6600 6900 300 x 75 3800 500 600 6400 6700 5400 6000 6900 700 700 3800 500 600 6400 6700 5400 6000 6900 700 700 5 x 50 - - - 00 600 - - 00 500 00 - - - 00 600 - - 00 600 00 5 x 75 - - 300 800 400 - - 800 500 900 - - 300 800 400 - - 800 500 900 50 x 50 - - 300 700 500 - - 800 400 3000 - - 300 700 500 - - 800 400 3000 50 x 75 - - 00 800 300-00 900 3400 3500 - - 00 800 300-00 900 3400 3500 75 x 50 - - 900 600 300-000 600 3400 3600 - - 900 600 300-000 600 3400 3600 75 x 75-00 300 3500 3600 00 600 3700 3900 400-00 300 3500 3600 00 600 3700 3900 400 00 x 50-000 600 3500 3600 000 400 3600 3900 400-00 600 3500 3600 000 400 3600 3900 400 00 x 75 00 600 3800 4000 400 600 00 4300 4500 4700 00 600 3800 4000 400 600 00 4300 4500 4700 5 x 50 000 400 3500 3900 400 400 800 400 4400 4600 000 400 3500 3900 400 400 800 400 4400 4600 5 x 75 600 00 4300 4500 4700 00 3000 4800 500 5300 600 00 4300 4500 4700 00 3000 4800 500 5300 50 x 50 300 700 400 4300 4500 800 400 4700 4900 500 300 700 400 4300 4500 800 400 4700 4900 500 50 x 75 00 800 4800 5000 500 800 3800 5400 5700 5900 00 800 4800 5000 500 800 3800 5400 5700 5900 75 x 75 600 3500 500 5500 5800 3600 4800 5900 6300 6500 600 3500 500 5500 5800 3600 4800 5900 6300 6500 300 x 75 300 4300 5700 6000 6300 4400 5500 6500 6800 700 300 4300 5700 6000 6300 4400 5500 6500 6800 700 5 x 50 - - - 000 400 - - 000 300 900 - - - 000 400 - - 000 300 900 5 x 75 - - 00 600 00 - - 600 00 700 - - 00 600 00 - - 600 00 700 50 x 50 - - 00 500 00 - - 600 00 900 - - 00 500 00 - - 600 00 900 50 x 75 - - 900 500 3000-000 500 300 3400 - - 900 500 3000-000 500 300 3400 75 x 50 - - 700 300 3000 - - 300 3000 3400 - - 700 300 3000 - - 300 3000 3400 75 x 75-00 700 3400 3500 00 400 3600 3800 4000-00 700 3400 3500 00 400 3600 3800 4000 00 x 50-000 300 300 3500 000 300 300 3800 3900-000 300 300 3500 000 300 300 3800 3900 00 x 75 00 500 3600 3800 4000 500 000 400 4400 4600 00 500 3600 3800 4000 500 000 400 4400 4600 5 x 50 000 300 300 3800 3900 300 600 4000 4300 4500 000 300 300 3800 3900 300 600 4000 4300 4500 5 x 75 500 900 400 4300 4500 000 600 4700 4900 500 500 900 400 4300 4500 000 600 4700 4900 500 50 x 50 300 600 3900 400 4400 600 00 4500 4700 5000 300 600 3900 400 4400 600 00 4500 4700 5000 50 x 75 900 500 4600 4800 500 500 3400 500 5500 5700 900 500 4600 4800 500 500 3400 500 5500 5700 75 x 75 300 300 500 5300 5600 300 400 5700 6000 6300 300 300 500 5300 5600 300 400 5700 6000 6300 300 x 75 900 3800 5500 5800 600 3900 4800 600 6600 6900 900 3800 5500 5800 600 3900 4800 600 6600 6900 5 x 50 - - - 000 300 - - 000 00 700 - - - 000 300 - - 000 00 700 5 x 75 - - 00 500 000 - - 500 000 600 - - 00 500 000 - - 500 000 600 50 x 50 - - 00 500 000 - - 400 900 700 - - 00 500 000 - - 400 900 700 50 x 75 - - 700 00 900-000 300 3000 3300 - - 700 00 900-000 300 3000 3300 75 x 50 - - 600 00 900 - - 00 800 3300 - - 600 00 900 - - 00 800 3300 75 x 75-00 400 300 3400 00 400 3300 3700 3900-00 400 300 3400 00 400 3300 3700 3900 00 x 50-000 00 800 3400 000 300 900 3700 3800-000 00 800 3400 000 300 900 3700 3800 00 x 75 00 500 3300 3700 3900 500 900 4000 400 4400 00 500 3300 3700 3900 500 900 4000 400 4400 5 x 50 000 300 800 3700 3800 300 600 3800 400 4300 000 300 800 3700 3800 300 600 3800 400 4300 5 x 75 500 900 4000 400 4400 900 400 4500 4800 5000 500 900 4000 400 4400 900 400 4500 4800 5000 50 x 50 300 600 3600 400 4300 600 000 400 4600 4800 300 600 3600 400 4300 600 000 400 4600 4800 50 x 75 900 400 4500 4700 4900 400 300 500 5300 5600 900 400 4500 4700 4900 400 300 500 5300 5600 75 x 75 300 900 4900 500 5400 900 3800 5600 5900 600 300 900 4900 500 5400 900 3800 5600 5900 600 300 x 75 700 3500 5400 5700 5900 3500 4300 600 6400 6700 700 3500 5400 5700 5900 3500 4300 600 6400 6700 5 x 50 - - - 000 300 - - 000 00 600 - - - 000 300 - - 000 00 600 5 x 75 - - 00 500 900 - - 500 800 500 - - 00 500 900 - - 500 800 500 50 x 50 - - 00 500 900 - - 400 800 500 - - 00 500 900 - - 400 800 500 50 x 75 - - 700 00 800-000 00 800 300 - - 700 00 800-000 00 800 300 75 x 50 - - 600 000 700 - - 000 600 3300 - - 600 000 700 - - 000 600 3300 75 x 75-00 300 3000 3400 00 400 300 3600 3800-00 300 3000 3400 00 400 300 3600 3800 00 x 50-000 00 600 3300 000 300 700 3400 3800-000 00 600 3300 000 300 700 3400 3800 00 x 75 00 500 300 3700 3800 500 900 3700 400 4400 00 500 300 3700 3800 500 900 3700 400 4400 5 x 50 000 300 600 3400 3800 300 600 3500 3900 4300 000 300 600 3400 3800 300 600 3500 3900 4300 5 x 75 500 900 3900 400 4300 900 400 400 4700 4900 500 900 3900 400 4300 900 400 400 4700 4900 50 x 50 300 600 3300 4000 400 600 000 3900 4300 4700 300 600 3300 4000 400 600 000 3900 4300 4700 50 x 75 900 300 4400 4600 4800 300 900 4600 500 5500 900 300 4400 4600 4800 300 900 4600 500 5500 75 x 75 300 800 4800 500 5300 800 3600 500 5700 6000 300 800 4800 500 5300 800 3600 500 5700 6000 300 x 75 700 3300 5300 5600 5800 3400 3900 5600 600 6600 700 3300 5300 5600 5800 3400 3900 5600 600 6600 NOTES TO TABLE 6:. Minimum end bearing length = 35 mm, Minimum internal bearing length = 70 mm.. Live load deflection limit = span/50 or 0 mm (This limit is considered appropriate where the maximum loads are only applied occasionally). 3. Maximum cantilever shall be not more than 5% of maximum allowable joist span and not more than 30% of actual span. 4. The availability of different grades, sizes and lengths may vary between individual suppliers. Availability should be checked prior to design/specification. 5. The maximum joist spans are based on a maximum decking mass of 40 kg/m. TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page 5

TABLE 7 - DECK BEARERS - UNSEASONED TIMBER Floor Load Width 400 3600 4800 6000 Bearer Span (mm) - 4.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 4.5 kn Point Live Load Bearer Span (mm) - 5.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 3 kn Point Live Load (d x b) F5 F7 F4 F7 F F5 F7 F4 F7 F F5 F7 F4 F7 F F5 F7 F4 F7 F 75 x 75 400 600 300 500 900 400 600 300 500 900-00 000 300 600 00 400 000 300 600 /75 x 50 800 000 900 300 300 800 000 900 300 3700 500 800 600 900 300 600 800 600 900 3300 /75 x 75 00 400 3300 3500 3600 00 400 3400 3800 400 900 00 300 3300 3400 900 00 300 3500 3900 75 x 75 00 400 3400 3600 3700 00 400 3400 3800 4300 900 00 3000 3400 3500 900 00 3000 3400 3900 00 x 75 600 800 600 900 3300 600 800 600 900 3300 00 500 300 600 3000 500 600 300 600 3000 /00 x 50 00 300 3300 3500 3600 00 300 3300 3700 400 900 00 3000 3300 3400 900 00 3000 3300 3800 /00 x 75 500 800 3700 3800 4000 500 800 3900 4400 4600 00 500 3500 3600 3800 00 500 3500 4000 4400 00 x 75 400 700 3800 4000 400 400 700 3800 4300 4800 00 400 3500 3800 3900 00 400 3500 3900 4400 00 x 00 600 900 4000 400 4300 600 900 400 4600 5000 300 600 3700 3900 4000 300 600 3700 400 4700 50 x 75 000 300 3300 3600 4000 000 300 3300 3600 400 800 00 900 3300 3700 800 00 900 3300 3700 /50 x 50 600 900 4000 400 4300 600 900 400 4600 4900 300 600 3700 3900 4000 300 600 3700 400 4700 /50 x 75 300 3500 4400 4600 4700 300 3500 4900 5300 5500 800 300 400 4300 4500 800 300 4400 4900 500 50 x 75 3000 3400 4600 4700 4900 3000 3400 4800 5300 5700 700 300 4300 4500 4600 700 300 4300 4800 5400 50 x 00 300 3600 4700 4900 500 300 3600 500 5700 5900 900 3300 4500 4600 4800 900 3300 4600 500 5600 50 x 50 3600 4000 5000 500 5400 3600 4000 5700 6000 600 3300 3700 4700 4900 500 3300 3700 500 5700 5900 300 x 75 500 800 3900 4400 4500 500 800 3900 4400 5000 00 500 3500 3900 4300 00 500 3500 3900 4500 /300 x 50 300 3500 4500 4700 4900 300 3500 4900 5500 5700 800 300 4300 4500 4600 800 300 4400 5000 5400 /300 x 75 3700 400 5000 500 5400 3700 400 5800 600 6300 3400 3700 4800 4900 500 3400 3700 5300 5800 5900 300 x 75 3600 400 500 5400 5600 3600 400 5700 6300 6500 3300 3700 4900 500 5300 3300 3700 500 5800 600 300 x 00 3900 4300 5400 5600 5800 3900 4300 600 6500 6800 3500 3900 500 5300 5500 3500 3900 5500 600 6400 300 x 50 4300 4800 5700 5900 600 4300 4800 6700 6900 700 3900 4400 5400 5600 5800 3900 4400 600 6500 6800 300 x 300 4700 5300 5900 600 6300 4700 5300 7000 700 700 4300 4800 5700 5900 600 4300 4800 6600 6800 700 75 x 75 00 300 800 00 400 00 300 800 00 400-00 700 900 00 000 00 700 900 00 /75 x 50 500 600 300 600 900 500 600 300 600 3000 300 500 00 400 700 300 500 00 400 700 /75 x 75 700 000 800 300 300 700 000 800 300 3600 600 800 500 800 300 600 800 500 800 300 75 x 75 700 900 700 300 3400 700 900 700 300 3500 500 700 500 800 300 500 700 500 800 300 00 x 75 300 500 00 400 700 300 500 00 400 700 00 300 900 00 400 00 300 900 00 400 /00 x 50 700 900 700 3000 300 700 900 700 3000 3400 500 700 400 700 300 500 700 400 700 300 /00 x 75 000 00 300 3500 3600 000 00 300 3600 400 800 000 900 300 3400 800 000 900 300 3700 00 x 75 000 00 300 3500 3700 000 00 300 3500 4000 800 000 800 300 3500 800 000 800 300 3600 00 x 00 00 400 3300 3700 3900 00 400 3300 3700 4300 900 00 3000 3400 3700 900 00 3000 3400 3900 50 x 75 700 900 600 3000 3400 700 900 600 3000 3400 500 700 400 700 3000 500 700 400 700 3000 /50 x 50 00 300 3300 3700 3800 00 300 3300 3700 4300 900 00 3000 3400 3600 900 00 3000 3400 3800 /50 x 75 500 800 4000 400 4300 500 800 4000 4500 4900 300 500 3600 3900 4000 300 500 3600 4000 4600 50 x 75 500 800 3900 4300 4400 500 800 3900 4400 5000 00 500 3500 4000 400 00 500 3500 4000 4500 50 x 00 600 3000 400 4400 4600 600 3000 400 4700 5300 400 700 3800 400 4300 400 700 3800 400 4800 50 x 50 900 3300 4500 4700 4800 900 3300 4600 500 5600 700 3000 400 4400 4600 700 3000 400 4700 5300 300 x 75 000 00 300 3600 4000 000 00 300 3600 4000 800 000 900 300 3700 800 000 900 300 3700 /300 x 50 500 800 4000 4300 4400 500 800 4000 4500 500 300 600 3600 4000 400 300 600 3600 4000 4600 /300 x 75 3000 3400 4500 4700 4900 3000 3400 4800 5300 5700 700 300 4300 4500 4600 700 300 4300 4800 5400 300 x 75 3000 3300 4700 4900 500 3000 3300 4700 500 5900 700 3000 400 4600 4800 700 3000 400 4700 5400 300 x 00 300 3500 4900 500 5300 300 3500 5000 5600 600 900 300 4500 4800 5000 900 300 4500 500 5800 300 x 50 3500 4000 500 5400 5600 3500 4000 5600 600 6500 300 3600 4900 500 5300 300 3600 5000 5600 600 300 x 300 3900 4300 5400 5600 5800 3900 4300 600 6500 6800 3500 3900 500 5300 5500 3500 3900 5500 600 6400 75 x 75 000 00 600 800 000 000 00 600 800 000-000 400 600 800-000 400 600 800 /75 x 50 00 400 000 00 600 00 400 000 00 600 00 300 800 000 300 00 300 800 000 300 /75 x 75 500 700 400 700 3000 500 700 400 700 300 400 500 00 400 800 400 500 00 400 800 75 x 75 500 700 400 600 3000 500 700 400 600 3000 300 500 00 400 700 300 500 00 400 700 00 x 75 00 300 800 000 300 00 300 800 000 300 000 00 600 800 00 000 00 600 800 00 /00 x 50 400 600 300 600 900 400 600 300 600 900 300 400 00 300 700 300 400 00 300 700 /00 x 75 700 900 700 300 3300 700 900 700 300 3500 600 700 500 800 300 600 700 500 800 300 00 x 75 700 900 700 3000 3500 700 900 700 3000 3500 500 700 400 700 300 500 700 400 700 300 00 x 00 800 000 900 300 3600 800 000 900 300 3700 600 800 600 900 3300 600 800 600 900 3300 50 x 75 400 600 300 500 900 400 600 300 500 900 300 400 00 300 600 300 400 00 300 600 /50 x 50 800 000 900 300 3600 800 000 900 300 3700 600 800 600 900 3300 600 800 600 900 3300 /50 x 75 00 400 3400 3800 4000 00 400 3400 3800 4400 000 00 300 3500 3700 000 00 300 3500 4000 50 x 75 00 400 3400 3800 400 00 400 3400 3800 4300 900 00 300 3400 3900 900 00 300 3400 3900 50 x 00 300 500 3600 4000 4300 300 500 3600 4000 4600 00 300 3300 3700 4000 00 300 3300 3700 400 50 x 50 500 800 4000 4400 4500 500 800 4000 4500 500 300 600 3600 400 4300 300 600 3600 400 4600 300 x 75 700 900 700 300 3500 700 900 700 300 3500 500 700 500 800 300 500 700 500 800 300 /300 x 50 00 400 3500 3900 400 00 400 3500 3900 4400 000 00 300 3500 3900 000 00 300 3500 3900 /300 x 75 600 900 400 4400 4500 600 900 400 4600 5300 400 600 3700 400 4300 400 600 3700 400 4800 300 x 75 600 900 4000 4500 4700 600 900 4000 4500 500 300 600 3700 400 4500 300 600 3700 400 4700 300 x 00 700 300 4300 4700 4900 700 300 4300 4800 5500 500 800 3900 4400 4600 500 800 3900 4400 5000 300 x 50 300 3400 4800 5000 500 300 3400 4800 5400 6000 800 300 4400 4700 4900 800 300 4400 4900 5600 300 x 300 3300 3700 5000 500 5400 3300 3700 5300 5900 6300 3000 3400 4800 4900 500 3000 3400 4800 5300 5900 75 x 75-000 400 600 800-000 400 600 800 - - 300 400 600 - - 300 400 500 /75 x 50 00 00 800 000 300 00 00 800 000 300 000 00 600 800 00 000 00 600 800 000 /75 x 75 300 500 00 400 700 300 500 00 400 700 00 300 900 00 500 00 300 900 00 500 75 x 75 300 500 00 300 700 300 500 00 300 700 00 300 900 00 400 00 300 900 00 400 00 x 75 000 00 600 800 00 000 00 600 800 000-000 400 600 900-000 400 600 700 /00 x 50 300 400 000 300 600 300 400 000 300 600 00 300 800 00 400 00 300 800 00 00 /00 x 75 500 700 400 700 300 500 700 400 700 300 400 500 00 500 800 400 500 00 500 800 00 x 75 500 700 400 700 300 500 700 400 700 300 400 500 00 400 800 400 500 00 400 800 00 x 00 600 800 600 900 3300 600 800 600 900 3300 500 600 300 600 3000 500 600 300 600 3000 50 x 75 300 400 000 300 600 300 400 000 300 500 00 300 800 000 300 00 300 800 000 00 /50 x 50 600 800 600 900 3300 600 800 600 900 300 400 600 300 600 3000 400 600 300 600 800 /50 x 75 900 00 300 3400 3700 900 00 300 3400 3900 700 900 800 300 3500 700 900 800 300 3500 50 x 75 900 00 3000 3400 3800 900 00 3000 3400 3800 700 900 700 3000 3500 700 900 700 3000 3500 50 x 00 000 300 300 3600 4000 000 300 300 3600 400 800 000 900 3300 3700 800 000 900 3300 3700 50 x 50 300 500 3600 4000 4300 300 500 3600 4000 4600 000 300 3300 3600 4000 000 300 3300 3600 400 300 x 75 500 700 400 700 300 500 700 400 700 3000 400 500 00 500 800 400 500 00 500 600 /300 x 50 900 00 300 3400 3900 900 00 300 3400 3900 700 000 800 300 3600 700 000 800 300 3300 /300 x 75 300 600 3700 400 4300 300 600 3700 400 4700 00 300 3300 3700 400 00 300 3300 3700 400 300 x 75 300 500 3600 4000 4500 300 500 3600 4000 4600 00 300 3300 3700 400 00 300 3300 3700 400 300 x 00 400 700 3900 4300 4600 400 700 3900 4300 4900 00 500 3500 3900 4400 00 500 3500 3900 4500 300 x 50 700 3000 4300 4700 4900 700 3000 4300 4800 5500 500 800 3900 4400 4600 500 800 3900 4400 5000 300 x 300 3000 3300 4700 4900 500 3000 3300 4700 5300 5900 700 3000 4300 4700 4800 700 3000 4300 4800 5400 NOTES TO TABLE 7:. Minimum end bearing length = 00 mm, minimum internal bearing length = 50 mm.. Double bearers should be effectively fixed together at the third points within each span. Double bearers may be spaced using blocking pieces at the third points within each span. 3. Live load deflection limit = span/50 or 0 mm (This limit is considered appropriate where the maximum loads are only applied occasionally). 4. Maximum cantilever shall be not more than 5% of maximum allowable bearer span and not more than 30% of actual span. 5. The maximum bearer spans are based on a maximum decking mass of 40 kg/m. 6. The availability of different grades, sizes and lengths may vary between individual suppliers. Availability should be checked prior to design specification. TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page 6

TABLE 8 - DECK BEARERS - SEASONED TIMBER Floor Load Width 400 3600 4800 6000 Bearer Span (mm) - 4.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 4.5 kn Point Live Load Bearer Span (mm) - 5.0 kpa Uniform Live Load / 3 kn Point Live Load F7 MGP F7 F7 F7 MGP F7 F7 F7 MGP F7 F7 F7 MGP F7 F7 /70 x 35 500 900 500 3000 500 900 500 300 00 600 00 800 400 700 00 800 /70 x 45 800 00 800 300 800 00 800 3600 400 900 500 3000 600 900 500 300 /90 x 35 700 00 800 3300 700 00 800 3500 400 900 500 300 600 900 500 300 /90 x 45 000 400 300 3500 000 400 300 4000 800 00 800 3300 800 00 800 3600 /40 x 35 00 600 3500 3900 00 600 3500 4400 000 300 300 3700 000 300 300 4000 /40 x 45 500 900 3900 400 500 900 4000 4800 300 600 3600 3900 300 600 3600 4500 /90 x 35 700 3000 400 4500 700 3000 400 500 400 700 3800 4300 400 700 3800 4800 /90 x 45 3000 3400 4500 4800 3000 3400 4800 5600 700 300 400 4500 700 300 4300 5300 /70 x 35 00 500 000 500 00 500 000 500 00 400 800 300 00 400 800 00 /70 x 45 400 800 300 900 400 800 300 900 300 600 00 600 300 600 00 500 /90 x 35 400 700 00 900 400 700 00 700 300 500 000 600 300 500 000 300 /90 x 45 600 900 600 300 600 900 600 300 400 700 300 900 400 700 300 800 /40 x 35 800 00 800 3500 800 00 800 3400 600 900 600 3300 600 900 600 900 /40 x 45 000 400 300 3800 000 400 300 400 800 00 900 3600 800 00 900 3600 /90 x 35 00 400 3400 400 00 400 3400 400 000 00 300 3800 000 00 300 3500 /90 x 45 500 700 3900 4300 500 700 3900 4900 00 500 3500 400 00 500 3500 4300 /70 x 35 00 300 700 00 00 300 700 900 000 00 600 000 000 00 500 700 /70 x 45 00 500 000 500 00 500 000 400 00 400 800 00 00 400 800 000 /90 x 35 00 500 900 500 00 500 900 00 00 300 700 00 00 300 700 900 /90 x 45 400 700 00 800 400 700 00 600 00 500 000 500 00 500 000 00 /40 x 35 500 800 400 300 500 800 400 700 400 600 00 800 400 600 00 300 /40 x 45 700 000 800 3500 700 000 800 3300 600 800 500 300 600 800 500 800 /90 x 35 900 00 3000 3800 900 00 3000 3300 700 900 700 3400 700 900 600 800 /90 x 45 00 400 3400 4000 00 400 3400 4000 900 00 3000 3800 900 00 3000 3400 /70 x 35-00 500 900-00 500 600-00 400 700-00 300 400 /70 x 45 00 300 700 00 00 300 700 000 000 00 600 000 000 00 500 700 /90 x 35 00 300 700 00 00 300 700 800 000 00 500 900 000 00 400 600 /90 x 45 00 500 900 500 00 500 900 00 00 300 800 00 00 300 700 900 /40 x 35 400 600 00 800 400 600 00 300 00 400 000 400 00 400 800 000 /40 x 45 500 800 500 300 500 800 500 800 400 600 00 800 400 600 00 400 /90 x 35 700 800 600 3400 700 800 500 700 500 700 400 900 500 700 00 400 /90 x 45 900 00 3000 3800 900 00 3000 3300 700 900 700 3400 700 900 600 800 NOTES TO TABLE 8:. Minimum end bearing length = 00 mm, minimum internal bearing length = 50 mm.. Double bearers should be effectively fixed together at the third points within each span. Double bearers may be spaced using blocking pieces at the third points within each span. 3. Live load deflection limit = span/50 or 0 mm (This limit is considered appropriate where the maximum loads are only applied occasionally). 4. Maximum cantilever shall be not more than 5% of maximum allowable bearer span and not more than 30% of actual span. 5. The maximum bearer spans are based on a maximum decking mass of 40 kg/m. 6. The availability of different grades, sizes and lengths may vary between individual suppliers. Availability should be checked prior to design specification. SAFE WORKING Working with timber produces dust particles. Protection of the eyes, nose and mouth when sanding, sawing and planing is highly recommended. Refer to tool manufacturers for safe working recommendations for particular items of equipment. DISPOSAL OF OFFCUTS AND WASTE For any treated timber, do not burn offcuts or sawdust. Preservative treated offcuts and sawdust should be disposed of by approved local authority methods. Timber Queensland Limited ACN 09 686 756 ABN 50 09 686 756 500 Brunswick Street, Fortitude Valley Brisbane Queensland 4006 Phone (07) 354 989 Fax (07) 3358 7999 PO Box 04, Fortitude Valley BC Qld 4006 admin@timberqueensland.com.au www.timberqueensland.com.au Whilst every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of advice given, Timber Queensland Limited cannot accept liability for loss or damage arising from the use of the information supplied. TIMBER QUEENSLAND LIMITED TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 7 TIMBER DECKS - COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL & MARINE Revised March 04 Page 7