Solution to Chapter 3 E3 23,24,26,28,30, E3 38,31,33, P3 45 EXERCISE 3-23 (10 MINUTES) 1. Process 2. Job-order 3. Job-order (contracts or projects) 4. Process 5. Process 6. Job-order 7. Process 8. Job-order (contracts or projects) 9. Process 10. Job-order EXERCISE 3-24 (20 MINUTES) 1. Raw-material inventory, January 1... $174,200 Add: Raw-material purchases... 248,300 Raw material available for use... $422,500 Deduct: Raw-material inventory, January 31... 161,200 Raw material used in January... $261,300 Direct labor... 390,000 Total prime costs incurred in January... $651,300 2. Total prime cost incurred in January... $651,300 Applied manufacturing (70% $390,000)... 273,000 Total manufacturing cost for January... $924,300
EXERCISE 3-24 (CONTINUED) 3. Total manufacturing cost for January... $ 924,300 Add: Work-in-process inventory, January 1... 305,500 Subtotal... $1,229,800 Deduct: Work-in-process inventory, January 31... 326,300 Cost of goods manufactured... $ 903,500 4. Finished-goods inventory, January 1... $ 162,500 Add: Cost of goods manufactured... 903,500 Cost of goods available for sale... $1,066,000 Deduct: Finished-goods inventory, January 31... 152,100 Cost of goods sold... $ 913,900 Since the company accumulates overapplied or underapplied until the end of the year, no adjustment is made to cost of goods sold until December 31. 5. Applied manufacturing for January... $273,000 Actual manufacturing incurred in January... 227,500 Overapplied as of January 31... $ 45,500 The balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account on January 31 is a $45,500 credit balance. NOTE: Actual selling and administrative expense, although given in the exercise, is irrelevant to the solution. EXERCISE 3-26 (15 MINUTES) 1. Applied manufacturing = total manufacturing costs 30% = $1,250,000 30% = $375,000 Applied manufacturing = direct-labor cost 80% Direct-labor cost = applied manufacturing 80% = $375,000.8 = $468,750 2. Direct-material used = total manufacturing cost
direct labor cost applied manufacturing = $1,250,000 $468,750 $375,000 = $406,250 3. Let X denote work-in-process inventory on December 31. Total work-in-process work-in-process cost of manufacturing + inventory, inventory, = goods cost Jan. 1 Dec. 31 manufactured $1,250,000 +.75X X = $1,212,500 Work-in-process inventory on December 31 amounted to $150,000. EXERCISE 3-28 (15 MINUTES).25X = $1,250,000 $1,212,500 X = $150,000 1. (a) At 100,000 chicken volume: (b) At 200,000 chicken volume: (c) At 300,000 chicken volume:
2. The predetermined rate does not change in proportion to the change in production volume. As production volume increases, the $150,000 of fixed is allocated across a larger activity base. When volume rises by 100%, from 100,000 to 200,000 chickens, the decline in the rate is 45.45% [($1.65 $.90)/$1.65]. When volume rises by 50%, from 200,000 to 300,000 chickens, the decline in the rate is 27.78% [($.90 $.65)/$.90]. EXERCISE 3-30 (20 MINUTES) 1. Raw-Material Inventory Work-in-Process Inventory 295,100 23,400 226,200 226,200 68,900 421,200 234,000 Wages Payable 156,000 421,200 748,800 Manufacturing Overhead Finished-Goods Inventory 234,000 39,000 156,000 Sales Revenue 171,600 253,500 23,400 Accounts Receivable Cost of Goods Sold 253,500 171,600 2. JAY SPORTS EQUIPMENT COMPANY, INC. PARTIAL BALANCE SHEET AS OF DECEMBER 31, 20X2 Current assets Cash... XXX Accounts receivable... XXX Inventory Raw material... $ 68,900 Work in process... 748,800 Finished goods... 23,400 JAY SPORTS EQUIPMENT COMPANY, INC. PARTIAL INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 20X2 Sales revenue... $253,500
Less: Cost of goods sold... 171,600 Gross margin... $ 81,900 EXERCISE 3-38 (15 MINUTES) Work-in-Process Inventory: Tanning Department... 11,000 a Manufacturing Overhead... 11,000 a 11,000 = 25 sets x 110 sq. ft. x $4 per sq. ft. Work-in-Process Inventory: Assembly Department... 1,100 b Manufacturing Overhead... 1,100 b $1,100 = 25 sets x 4 MH x $11 per MH Work-in-Process Inventory: Saddle Department... 5,625 c Manufacturing Overhead... 5,625 c $5,625 = 25 sets x 45 DLH x $5 per DLH EXERCISE 3-31 (20 MINUTES) 1. Raw material: Beginning inventory... $142,000 Add: Purchases...? Deduct: Raw material used... 652,000 Ending inventory... $162,000 Therefore, purchases for the year were... $672,000 2. Direct labor: Total manufacturing cost... $1,372,000 Deduct: Direct material... 652,000 Direct labor and manufacturing... $ 720,000 Direct labor + manufacturing = $720,000 Direct labor + (60%) (direct labor) = $720,000 (160%) (direct labor) = $720,000 Direct labor = $720,000 1.6
Direct labor = $450,000 3. Cost of goods manufactured: Work in process, beginning inventory... $ 160,000 Add: Total manufacturing costs... 1,372,000 Deduct: Cost of goods manufactured...? Work in process, ending inventory... $ 60,000 Therefore, cost of goods manufactured was... $1,472,000 EXERCISE 3-31 (CONTINUED) 4. Cost of goods sold: Finished goods, beginning inventory... $ 180,000 Add: Cost of goods manufactured... 1,472,000 Deduct: Cost of goods sold...? Finished goods, ending inventory... $ 220,000 Therefore, cost of goods sold was... $1,432,000 EXERCISE 3-33 (20 MINUTES) NOTE: Budgeted sales revenue, although given in the exercise, is irrelevant to the solution. 1. Predetermined rate = (a) = $32.50 per machine hour (b) = $26.00 per direct-labor hour (c) = $2.00 per direct-labor dollar or 200% of direct-labor cost *Budgeted direct-labor cost = 25,000 $13
2. Actual manufacturing applied manufacturing = overapplied or underapplied (a) $690,000 (22,000)($32.50) = $25,000 overapplied (b) $690,000 (26,000)($26.00) = $14,000 underapplied (c) $690,000 ($364,000 )(200%) = $38,000 overapplied Actual direct-labor cost = 26,000 $14 PROBLEM 3-45 (25 MINUTES) The completed T-accounts are shown below. (Missing amounts in problem are italicized.) Raw-Material Inventory Accounts Payable Bal. 1/1 29,400 3,500 Bal. 1/1 189,000 168,000 191,100 189,000 Bal. 12/31 50,400 1,400 Bal. 12/31 Work-in-Process Inventory Finished-Goods Inventory Bal. 1/1 23,800 Bal. 1/1 16,800 Direct 168,000 1,005,200 994,000 material Bal. 12/31 28,000 Direct 210,000 1,005,200 labor Mfg. 630,000 Bal. 12/31 26,600 Cost of Goods Sold 994,000 Manufacturing Overhead 633,500 630,000 Sales Revenue 1,134,000 Wages Payable 2,800 Bal. 1/1 Accounts Receivable 205,800 210,000 Bal. 1/1 15,400 7,000 Bal. 12/31 1,134,000 1,128,400 Bal. 12/31 21,000