Wellfleet. The Village of Wellfleet (Wellfleet) HMP has been developed with input from local representatives with support from the Twin Platte NRD.

Wellfleet 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Village of Wellfleet (Wellfleet) HMP has been developed with input from local representatives with support from the Twin Platte NRD. 2.0 HAZARD SUMMARY The table below summarizes the information provided on questionnaires completed by the Wellfleet representatives and from public participation. Wellfleet Hazard Summary Hazard Type Likely to Experience Risk Vulnerability Flood NR Low NR Earthquake NR Low NR Tornado NR High NR Landslide NR Low Limited Wildfire NR Medium NR Severe Winter Storm NR High NR Severe Summer Storm NR High NR Dam Failure NR Low NR Drought NR Medium NR Levee Failure NR Low Low-None Other: NR NR None NR No Response Risk High, Medium, Low Likely to Experience-Yes/No Vulnerability Full, Severe, Limited, None Due to location, the following hazard types were not evaluated due to either no or remote likelihood of occurring in Nebraska: volcanic eruptions, avalanches, hurricanes, tidal surges, and tsunamis (State of Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). No levee or dam failure hazards were noted by the Wellfleet representative, however, Wellfleet Dam, a significant hazard dam, is located nearby northwest of Wellfleet Although there is a small risk for earthquakes and landslides, the threat and associated risk for these hazards is not great, and there are no realistic and/or feasible mitigation actions that can be implemented that would reduce the risk (State of Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). The National Climatic Data Centers lists no records of wildfire for Wellfleet, Nebraska; however the central and west portions of Nebraska are at risk for wildfire (State of Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 1

Hazard types identified which have a reasonable or significant possibility of occurring that would impact Wellfleet are presented. These hazard types, discussed in the following sections, are: Severe Summer Storm Severe Winter Storm Tornado/Funnel Clouds Flood Hail Lightning Heavy Precipitation Wildfire / Grass Fire Drought/ Dust Storms Dam Failure 3.0 DISASTER HISTORY Natural hazards result where people and weather interact. These interactions may be predictable or random. Details of hazards impacting both small and large communities often result in more reporting for the larger communities since they impact more people. As a result, although damaging hazard events occur in small communities, they may be overshadowed by reporting for the larger communities. Past hazard events identified by the Wellfleet representative(s) and record review are: Storm and Flood listed - no dates or impact provided Medicine Creek flood August 2009 Hail May 2008, $120,000 damage The National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) has recorded natural hazards by individual counties since 1950 to 1993. Damage costs were not provided prior to 1993 and inconsistently for several years after 1993. Beginning in 1993, hazard events were reported by the nearest community, or as countywide or multicounty events (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/ncdc.html). 3.1 TORNADOES AND FUNNEL CLOUDS 3.1.1 TORNADOES Eighty-one tornadoes have been reported in Lincoln County. These resulted in over 5.4 Million Dollars in property damage and $65,000 in crop damage. There were nine injuries and no deaths reported with these tornadoes. There were no reports of tornadoes for Wellfleet (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). The most severe tornadoes based on property and crop damage for Lincoln County are summarized in the following discussion. A tornado was reported in Lincoln County on October 29, 1956. This F4 tornado produced $250,000 property damage and no reported crop damage. No description was provided. Two injuries were reported with tornado. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 2

A tornado impacted in Lincoln County on October 15, 1980. This F0 tornado produced $250,000 property damage and no reported crop damage. No description was provided An F3 tornado impacted Lincoln County on June 25, 1989. This F3 tornado produced 2.5 Million Dollars property damage and no reported crop damage. Two injuries were reported with tornado. No description was provided. Although there have been no reports of tornadoes directly impacting Wellfleet, the entirety of Lincoln County, including Wellfleet, is at risk for tornadoes due to its location on the Great Plains. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln High Plains Regional Climate Center provides information on tornadoes in Nebraska. An indication of tornado activity in Lincoln County is illustrated by 77 tornadoes were reported in the 2,564 square miles of Lincoln County producing a county-wide average of 30 per 1000 miles (http://www.hprcc.unl.edu/nebraska/tornadoes.html). The Wellfleet-area historical tornado activity is slightly below Nebraska state average. It is 51% greater than the overall U.S. average (http://www.city-data.com/city/wellfleet-nebraska.html). On 10/29/1956, a category 4 (max. wind speeds 207-260 mph) tornado 26.0 miles away from the Wellfleet village center injured 2 people and caused between $50,000 and $500,000 in damages. On 6/15/1990, a category 4 tornado 35.0 miles away from the village center injured one person and caused between $500,000 and $5,000,000 in damages. Lincoln County was included in FEMA- 1373 (2001) Disaster Declaration for winter storms, tornadoes, flooding. There was significant damage to infrastructure due to late winter storms. Lincoln County was eligible for Public Assistance resulting from this disaster declaration. Lincoln County was also included in FEMA-1770 (2008) for tornadoes, flooding and severe s (summer) storms. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. Lincoln County was also included in the recent FEMA-1853 (2009) for severe (summer) storms, tornadoes and flooding. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. 3.1.2 FUNNEL CLOUDS Seven funnel clouds were reported in Lincoln County. No property or crop damage was reported with these funnel clouds. No funnel clouds were reported for Wellfleet. No damages or injuries were reported with these funnel clouds (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 3

3.2 DROUGHT AND DUST STORMS 3.2.1 DROUGHT A search of the National Climatic Data Center on-line database found no recorded drought events in Lincoln County (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). 3.2.2 DUST STORMS A search of the National Climatic Data Center on-line database found no recorded dust storm events in Lincoln County (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). 3.3 WILDFIRES AND GRASS FIRES No wildfires or forest fire events were reported for Lincoln County (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgiwin/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). There were 284 fires for Lincoln County reported to the Nebraska State Fire Marshal s Office from 1/1/2004 through 9/21/09/2009. No wildfires were reported for the Wellfleet area, however, fires frequently are not reported. These fires included Natural Vegetation Fire, other; Forest, Woods or Wildland Fire; Brush Fire and Grass Fire (email, Sean Schweitzer, NSFM). The Wellfleet representative and Twin Platte NRD, however identified wildfire and related grass fires as a hazard. Wildfires may occur during dry weather conditions and are most frequent in the central and western Nebraska, areas within the jurisdiction of the Twin Platte NRD (State of Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). 3.4 FLOODS AND HEAVY PRECIPITATION 3.4.1 FLOODS Wellfleet is located along Medicine Creek. The Nebraska Department of Natural Resources (NDNR) provided information on past flood events. Two floods were identified for Lincoln County. No additional information was available (email, NDNR, Steve McMaster). There were 17 flood events recorded for Lincoln County in the NCDC online database. The flood events produced over 1.7 Million Dollars and $60,000 of crop damage. All of these floods were flash flood events. One flash flood was reported for Wellfleet. Another flood was reported for Wallace that also impacted the area near Wellfleet (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). Significant flood events for Lincoln County and Wellfleet are described in the following. A flash flood was reported for the southwest part of Lincoln County on August 28, 1999. This flood produced two injuries. One Million Dollars property damage was reported. No crop damage was reported. A couple was unable to stop before hitting a washed-out section of Highway 23. The car was March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 4

swept away. Both people escaped the car and one person was able to get to dry land and call for help. The other was rescued after clinging to a tree for more than two hours. Both individuals were treated at Grant Community Hospital and released. Roads and culverts were washed out and damaged across Lincoln County. A flash flood was reported for Wellfleet on August 13, 2000. This flood caused $1,000 property damage when Medicine Creek were out of its banks resulting in water over a bridge. A second flash flood was reported for Wallace (and Wellfleet) on May 28, 2007. This flood also impacted the area near Wellfleet. This flash flood was produced when thunderstorms produced very heavy rainfall of 2 to 6 inches across Lincoln County. The heaviest rainfall occurred across the southwestern portion of the county. Asher Road 4 miles southwest of Wellfleet washed out creating a crater of 1/2 mile long by 4 feet deep. A bridge washed out south of Wellfleet on the Hayes Center Road. Numerous secondary roads were severely damaged due to water over the roads. In addition to the flash flood on May 28, 207, thunderstorms with very heavy rain developed by late afternoon on May 28th and continued until early morning on May 30th. Rainfall of 4 to 16 inches of rain fell across the area. Lincoln County has been included in four FEMA disaster declarations. Lincoln County was included in a FEMA-1373 (2001) Disaster Declaration for late winter storms, tornadoes, and flooding. There was significant damage to infrastructure due to late winter storms. Lincoln County was eligible for Public Assistance resulting from this disaster declaration. Lincoln County was also included in FEMA-1770 (2008) for tornadoes, flooding and severe (summer) storms. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. FEMA-1714 (2007) was issued for severe summer storms and flooding that impacted the central portion of Nebraska, including Lincoln County. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. Lincoln County was also included in the recent FEMA-1853 (2009) for severe (summer) storms, tornadoes and flooding. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. 3.4.2 HEAVY PRECIPITATION The NCDC recorded no significant precipitation events in Lincoln County. (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). 3.5 SEVERE SUMMER STORM This discussion of severe summer storms includes information on 1) thunderstorm and high wind events, 2) hail and 3) lightning events. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 5

Lincoln County was included in FEMA-1770 (2008) for tornadoes, flooding and severe (summer) storms. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. FEMA-1714 (2007) was issued for severe summer storms and flooding that impacted the central portion of Nebraska, including Lincoln County. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. Lincoln County was also included in the recent FEMA-1853 (2009) for severe (summer) storms, tornadoes and flooding. This declaration provided public assistance funding for Lincoln County and many other Nebraska Counties. 3.5.1 THUNDERSTORM AND HIGH WIND There were 251 thunderstorm and high wind events recorded for Lincoln County. These events resulted in property damage of over 2.4 Million Dollars and crop damage of $798,000. Seven injuries were reported for these events. No fatalities were reported. Eight thunderstorm or high wind events were reported for Wellfleet (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). The most significant thunderstorm events based on damages and wind speed that impacted Lincoln County and Wellfleet are discussed below 4/3/1985 and 4/16/1985 Lincoln County- Thunderstorm Wind Events, 87 knots (100 mph), No damages reported since these wind events were pre-1993 11/1/1997 Multi-County High Wind - 45 knots (51 mpg), No property damage, $500,000 crop damage 4/20/2001 Wellfleet Thunderstorm Wind, Wind speed not reported, $20,000 property damage, no crop damage 4/6/2001, 7/22/2001, 5/8/2003 (two reports), 7/8/2004, 7/20/2006 Wellfleet - Thunderstorm Wind, 52 knots (60 mph), no property damage reported, no crop damage reported As previously discussed, events reported prior to 1993 are reported by county only. In addition, damage costs were not provided prior to 1993. 3.5.2 HAIL There were 600 hail events that included Lincoln County recorded in the National Climatic Data Center online database. These resulted in estimated property damages of over 12.5 Million Dollars and crop damage of over 6.6 Million Dollars. One injury was reported. Thirty-four hail events were recorded for Wellfleet (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). Some of the more severe hail storms that impacted Wellfleet, based on damages and/or hail size, were: 10/29/1956 Lincoln County- 3 ½ Hail, No property or crop damage reported March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 6

6/29/1960, 7/27/1967, 7/3/1967, and 5/26/1985 (two reports) Lincoln County, 3 Hail, No property or crop damage reported 6/6/1996 Wallace 2 ¾ Hail, $75.000 property damage, no crop damage 6/25/1997 Wellfleet 1¾ Hail, 1/5 Million Dollars property damage, ¼ Million Dollars crop damage 5/17/2000 Wellfleet 2 Hail, $20,000 property damage, $25,000 crop damage May, 2008 Wellfleet 3 Hail, $120,000 damage (reported by Wellfleet representative) 3.5.3 LIGHTNING There were seven reports of lightning events reported in Lincoln County. These lightning events produced $15,000 property damage and $141,000 crop damage. One injury was reported. No lightning strikes were reported for Wellfleet (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). 3.6 SEVERE WINTER STORM Severe winter storms, for purposes of this HMP, include 1) snow and ice events and 2) extreme cold temperature events. A total of 29 multi-county ice and snow events were recorded for Lincoln County and its communities. Four deaths and two injuries were reported with these events. These snow and ice events resulted in over 1.0 Million Dollars of property damage. No crop damage was reported (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). Some of the most significant snow and ice events based on damages and wind speed are listed below. 4/11/1994 Multi County Heavy Snow $500,000 Property damage, 70 Million Dollars electric utility damage, No crop damage reported Warm temperatures initially melted snow which later began to accumulate heavily. Freezing rain may have been mixed with the snow in some locations, along with embedded thunderstorms. The snow and ice froze onto power lines and power poles. Snow accumulations of 6 to 14 inches were reported. Actual snowfall amounts may have been 12 to 24 inches difficult to determine because of melting. Northeast winds of 20 to 30 mph with gusts to 45 mph caused the snow and ice covered power lines and power poles to break. This storm knocked out two of the main power transmission lines that serve the western half of Nebraska. Thousands of other power lines and poles were broken. Damage to electrical distribution systems in 21 counties was estimated at $70 million. Some locations were without electrical power for one to two weeks. 10/24/1997 Multi-County Winter Storm, Property Damages $200,000, No Crop Damage Reported. A major winter storm dropped 4 to 12 inches of snow and produced sustained winds of 40 mph with gust to over 60 mph. Ice and snow collected on tree limbs and power lines causing March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 7

considerable damage to trees and power outages. Numerous vehicle accidents results from the snow and ice covered roads. 1/17/1996 Multi-County Winter Storm, Property Damages $230,000, No Crop Damage Reported. A major winter storm with sustained winds of 40 mph and gusts to 60 mph dropped 5 to 6 inches of snow on North Central Nebraska. The wind combined with temperatures from 5 above to 5 below zero produced wind chills from 45 to 65 below zero and reduced visibilities to near zero on the 17th through the 18th. The high winds produced damage to power lines and other property damage. Lincoln County, including, Wellfleet, has been included in three FEMA disaster declarations. Lincoln County was included in a FEMA-1373 (2001) Disaster Declaration for late winter storms, tornadoes, and flooding. There was significant damage to infrastructure due to late winter storms. Lincoln County was eligible for Public Assistance resulting from this disaster declaration. Lincoln County was also included two additional disaster declarations, FEMA 1627 (2006) and FEMA-1674 (2007) for Severe Winter Storms. Public assistance funding for hazard mitigation was available from these declarations. 3.6.1 EXTREME TEMPERATURE One extreme temperature event was reported for Lincoln County (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov /oa/ ncdc.html). 3.6.2 EXTREME COLD There was one multi-county event extreme cold, freeze and extreme wind chill event reported that included Lincoln County (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/ncdc.html) A freeze event on 9/21/1995 impacted virtually every county of Nebraska. This resulted from an unusually early hard freeze with temperatures in the middle to upper 20s that lasted for several hours caused considerable crop damage. Losses in yields to corn and especially the milo and soybean crops totaled $50 million. There were no reported deaths, injuries or property damage reported for this freeze event. No losses were reported specifically for Lincoln County. 3.6.3 EXTREME HEAT No extreme heat events were reported for Lincoln County. 3.7 FOG One fog event was reported for Lincoln County. There was $400,000 property damage and one injury reported (http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/cgi-win/wwcgi.dll?wwevent~storms). This fog event occurred on March 13, 1999 and produced a vehicle chain-reaction involving four semi-trailer rigs and 26 other vehicles. A man was hit by a car and seriously injured after his car slid onto the shoulder. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 8

This event closed Interstate 80 between North Platte and Hershey for 3 ½ hours until the damage vehicles were cleared from the roadways. 3.8 DAM FAILURE Two High Hazard, federally operated dams, Maloney Dam and Jeffrey Dam, were identified in Lincoln County. Maloney Dam is located south of North Platte. Jeffrey Dam is located south of Brady (Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). One non-federally operated dam, a Significant Hazard dam, Wellfleet Dam, was identified near Wellfleet. This dam serves recreational purposes. This dam and lake are owned by Wellfleet Community Club. It is located on Medicine Creek (http://dnrdata. dnr.ne.gov/dams/). No dam failures were identified in the preparation of this report. 3.9 LEVEE FAILURE No federally owned levees were identified in Lincoln County. Federally owned levees represent a small number of the total levees in Nebraska. There is no known list or source of information for the numerous municipal, agricultural and other small levees (Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). No priority levees were identified in Lincoln County on the Nebraska MapMod Levee Outreach Prioritization Map (7/1/2007). Lincoln County s status was Non-Levee (Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). No levee failures were identified during the preparation of this HMP. 4.0 LIKELIHOOD OF FUTURE HAZARD EVENTS It is certain that severe weather will continue to impact Wellfleet, as well as the rest of Nebraska. The frequency cannot be predicted although it is possible that severe weather hazards could impact Wellfleet yearly. In the summers, large hail, high winds and intense rain should be expected. Winters may bring heavy snows, ice and bitter wind chills. It is possible, although less likely, that Wellfleet may be impacted by flash floods or flooding from Medicine Creek. Impact by one or more tornadoes will always be possible in Wellfleet, even though the majority of tornadoes occur in sparsely populated agricultural areas of Nebraska. 5.0 PAST MITIGATION EFFORTS The Nebraska Department of Natural Resources (NDNR) provided National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) information. According to this information, Wellfleet is not currently participating in the NFIP. Lincoln County has developed a Local Emergency Operations Plan (LEOP) which addresses a wide variety of hazards. This LEOP provides procedures to mitigate the impact of hazards throughout Lincoln County, including Wellfleet. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 9

6.0 STRUCTURAL INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT Structural categories and assessed values are presented in the following section. According to information for 2007, there are a total of 14,988 improvements in Lincoln County, 55 of which are in Wellfleet. An improvement may represent more than one building. Improvement information for Wellfleet is presented in the following tables. This table presents recorded improvements. Wellfleet Improvements Residential 50 Commercial 5 Industrial 0 Total 55 Source: Lincoln County Assessor Housing information from the US Census is provided in the following table. Wellfleet Housing Units Total Housing units, 2000 32 Occupied Housing Units 27 Vacant Housing Units 5 http://factfinder.census.gov/ Additionally, in 2007 there were 28 houses with a reported estimated median house or condo value in Wellfleet of $21,819 (http://www.city-data.com/city/wellfleet-nebraska.html) The 2008 total assessed value for property in Wellfleet is summarized in the following table (NE Department of Revenue, Property Assessment Division). March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 10

Wellfleet Assessed Property Value by Property Type Commercial/Industrial Personal Property 14,150 Ag. Equipment Personal Property 2,298 Railroad Personal Property 351 Public Service Co. Personal Property 53,451 Railroad Real Property 12,277 Public Service Co. Real Property 4,331 Residential Real Property 1,324,065 Recreational Real Property 0 Ag. Dwelling + Home Site 0 Commercial Real Property 71,545 Industrial Real Property 0 Ag. Land 0 Ag. Outbuildings + Farm Sites 0 Minerals 0 Total Taxable Value $1,482,468 The entire inventory of structures and personal property included in these property values is subject to natural hazards. As a result, there is $1,482,468 in assets, plus infrastructure, considered to be at-risk for natural hazards. Structures in Wellfleet are shown on Community Map-1 at the end of this section. 6.1 CRITICAL FACILITIES Critical facilities are those structures that are essential for returning Wellfleet s function to normal after a disaster. These include facilities that are vital for disaster response, essential and life services, and sheltering. Financial facilities can also be critical facilities since the loss of a major employer or of Wellfleet s main sources(s) of revenue would greatly impede recovery to pre-disaster status. The critical facilities identified for Wellfleet are: Civic Fire Station, Village Offices (in private home), police (contract with Lincoln County) Life/Essential Services Water and Wastewater Treatment Facilities and Infrastructure, Communication Infrastructure, Dawson Public Power (Electricity) and Natural Gas Facilities and Infrastructure Sheltering Wellfleet School, Bethel Bible Camp, Churches Economic/Financial None identified March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 11

The Critical Structures for Wellfleet are shown on Community Map-2 at the end of this section. Critical facilities were identified by the Wellfleet representatives and supplemented with information from state and federal databases. Review of floodplain information identified no 100-year floodplains in Wellfleet. No critical facilities were in a 100-year floodplain. 7.0 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT Every structure and those living and working in them are equally at risk to a wide range of hazards. These include: Tornadoes and Funnel Clouds, Drought and Dust Storms, Wildfires and Grassfires, Heavy Precipitation; Severe Summer Weather (Thunderstorms, Hail, and Lightning), Severe Winter Storms (Ice and Snow); and Fog. Property damages, other than vehicle damage, are rarely associated with funnel clouds, fog, drought and dust storms. Drought typically produces damages to crops and livestock, not structures. Fog and dust storms seldom produce crop damage or property damage other than vehicle damage due to accidents. Determining the assets vulnerable to drought is difficult to assess based in part on the difficulty in determining a start and end date for droughts. The major impact would be to a jurisdiction s water supply potentially resulting in the water supply becoming essentially unavailable due to drawdown to a non-usable level. The range of drought impacts varied between urban and rural areas and the range normal water reserves in the jurisdiction. Drought issues generally have more impact to the rural and agricultural areas. 7.1 TORNADOES 7.1.1 PROBABILITY There were 77 tornadoes reported for Lincoln County; however, none were reported for Wellfleet. The real possibility exists that a tornado will impact the community due to its location on the Great Plains and number of tornadoes reported elsewhere in Lincoln County. Although tornadoes don t occur every year, they are common events and should be expected. 7.1.2 VULNERABILITY Every structure in Wellfleet is at risk to tornadoes. This represents $1,482,468, plus infrastructure, at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). It is anticipated that a tornado would impact the entirety of Wellfleet assets. This represents $1,482,468 (structures only) plus infrastructure and functional losses at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 12

7.2 DROUGHT 7.2.1 PROBABILITY No droughts were reported for Lincoln County. However, due to droughts reported in nearby areas it is probable that drought will continue to be a threat to Wellfleet and the rest of Lincoln County. 7.2.2 VULNERABILITY Drought is difficult to define. It is a gradual process due with no defined start date or end date time. A key impact to Wellfleet would be the water supply becoming inadequate or useless due to declining water levels. Water is essential to Wellfleet and all agricultural communities in Nebraska; it is the lifeblood of the agricultural industry. Every structure in Wellfleet, plus crops and livestock, are at risk to drought events. This represents $1,482,468, plus infrastructure and functional losses, at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). In addition, losses due to water restrictions, obtaining new water sources and/or increased fire risk could be incurred. Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. 7.3 DUST STORMS 7.3.1 PROBABILITY Although no dust storms have been reported for Lincoln County the potential exists when the combination of dry land, freshly plowed farms and high winds comes together. 7.3.2 VULNERABILITY All structures in Wellfleet would be vulnerable to dust storms. However, damage would be limited. Damages are typically due to low visibility resulting in traffic accidents. 7.4 WILDFIRE/GRASS FIRE 7.4.1 PROBABILITY There were 284 fires reported in Lincoln County; however, none were reported for Wellfleet. Although no fires were reported for Wellfleet, the history of fires in Lincoln County indicates that the potential for these fires will continue when the combination of dry conditions and lightning or careless humans and winds come together. 7.4.2 VULNERABILITY All structures in Wellfleet and those living and working in them, plus crops and livestock, would be vulnerable to wildfire and grass fires. The total assets in Wellfleet of $1,482,468, plus infrastructure and functional losses, are at risk if a severe fire hits (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 13

Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. 7.5 FLOODING 7.5.1 PROBABILITY Flooding along Medicine Creek and its tributaries will continue to impact Wellfleet. These may be caused by heavy precipitation or ice jams. Flash floods will also continue to pose a threat to Wellfleet. 7.5.2 VULNERABILITY A severe flash flood or flooding by the Medicine Creek or its tributaries could devastate all Wellfleet structures. This represents $1,482,468 plus infrastructure, at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). Since no 100-year floodplain was identified in Wellfleet, no assets were identified at risk to 100-year floods. No critical facilities were identified in a 100-year floodplain. Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska included in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. 7.6 SEVERE SUMMER AND WINTER STORMS 7.6.1 PROBABILITY Wellfleet will certainly be impacted by severe winter and summer storms since they are a fact of life on the Great Plains. In addition to the storms, a variety of dangerous and damaging components often accompany these storms. 7.6.2 VULNERABILITY Every structure in Wellfleet is equally at risk to impact from Severe Summer and Winter Storms. This represents $1,482,468, plus infrastructure and functional losses, at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). Additional losses could be incurred due to injuries, loss of life and/or damage to the electrical distribution system. Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. 7.7 DAM FAILURE 7.7.1 PROBABILITY One High Hazard dam, Maloney Dam, was identified in Lincoln County in the Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan (2008). March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 14

The Dam Safety Division, NDNR, identified two high Hazard dams in Lincoln County; Maloney Dam and Jeffrey Dam (email, Mark Noble, NDNR, 9/21/2009). One Significant Hazard dam, Wellfleet Dam was identified near Wellfleet in the NDNR database (http://dnrdata. dnr.ne.gov/dams/). This dam forms Wellfleet Lake. 7.7.2 VULNERABILITY Maloney Dam is operated by Nebraska Public this dam would impact North Platte only. A failure of this dam would not impact Wellfleet (Bob Keller, NPPD, telephone conversation 9/24/2009). Jeffrey Dam, south of Brady is operated by Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District (CNPPID). Releases from failure or breaches of this dam would not impact any communities (Kevin Boyd, CNPPID, telephone conversation 9/24/2009) Wellfleet Dam, a non-federally regulated, Significant Hazard dam, is located near Wellfleet. It is unlikely that this dam would fail or be overtopped. Significant hazard dams are inspected every 2 years by the Dam Safety Division of NDNR (http://dnrdata. dnr.ne.gov/dams/). Based on review of topography, it is estimated that the entirety of the structures in Wellfleet and those living and working in them would be impacted by failure of Wellfleet Dam. This represents $1,482,468 (structures only), plus infrastructure and functional losses, at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. 7.8 LEVEE FAILURE 7.8.1 PROBABILITY No federal or other levees were identified in Lincoln County. There is a possibility that an unidentified levee exists that may impact Wellfleet or elsewhere in Lincoln County. There is no accurate list of all levees in Nebraska (Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008). 7.8.2 VULNERABILITY A limited number of structures would be vulnerable to a breach of an unidentified levee. A small portion of total assets in Wellfleet of $1,482,468, plus infrastructure and functional losses, would be at risk (Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment, 2008). Estimates of the non-taxed structures and infrastructure were not readily determined since they are not represented in the Nebraska Department of Revenue data. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 15

7.9 FOG 7.9.1 PROBABILITY The one fog event reported for Lincoln County reflects that the potential will continue to exist when the combination of cool weather and high moisture are present. 7.9.2 VULNERABILITY All structures in Wellfleet would be vulnerable to fog, however, damages are rarely associated with fog. 7.10 WARNING SIRENS Warning sirens used to warn of tornadoes and other hazards in Wellfleet are shown on Community Map 2 at the end of this HMP. A ¾-mile radius around each siren is shown. Using this model, the entirety of Wellfleet is within the ¾ -mile warning area of at least one siren. Outdoor warning sirens are designed to alert residents who are outdoors and/or in close proximity to the sirens. The siren system is not designed to alert individuals: 1) inside buildings which are not in close proximity to a siren, 2) those traveling in vehicles or 3) in noisy environments. During hazard events, there are often high winds, intense rain and hail which act to essentially dampen the siren volume. Also, sirens are better heard by individuals who are downwind. For optimal warning, a siren system should have redundancies additional sirens in an overlapping network of coverage in the event that a siren fails, is destroyed or malfunctions. Routine scheduled testing of a siren warning system is essential to optimal operation of the siren system. 7.11 FUTURE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS No future development was identified for Wellfleet All development in Wellfleet is and will remain vulnerable to severe winter and summer storms, and tornadoes. The only hazard which may be modified by human intervention is flooding. Wellfleet is currently not participating in the National Flood Insurance Program. Participation in the NFIP would provide guidance for regulating future development to avoid any potentially adverse impact in flood hazard area. Although wildfires and grass fires may be either caused by natural events (lightning) or man, the impact of wildfire may be mitigated by management of combustible plant material and construction practices in future development. 8.0 MITIGATION GOALS Potential mitigation project goals were provided on the Hazard Mitigation Project Worksheet completed by the Wellfleet representatives. After review of this worksheet and, with input from other members of the community, potential mitigation projects were identified and are discussed below. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 16

It is important to note that Wellfleet s Mitigation Goals are the same as the mitigation goals developed for Twin Platte NRD. Mitigation Goal 1: Protect Public Health and Safety from Natural Hazards Events Objective 1 Improve/Provide Adequate Backup and Emergency Generators Action 1 Identify and Evaluate Current Backup and Emergency Generators, Action 2 - Obtain Additional Generators Based on Identification and Evaluation Hazards Mitigated Tornadoes, Severe Winter Storms, Severe Summer Storms, Wildfire & Grass Fire, Heavy Precipitation, Dam Failure and Flooding Objective 2 Provide Adequate Public Safe Rooms Action 1 Identify and Evaluate Current Public Safe Rooms Action 2 Improve and/or Add Public Safe Rooms Hazards Mitigated Tornadoes, Severe Winter Storms, Severe Summer Storms, Wildfire & Grass Fire, Heavy Precipitation, Dam Failure and Flooding Objective 3 Provide Adequate Post-Disaster Public Storm Shelters Action 1 Identify and Evaluate Current Public Storm Shelters Action 2 Improve and/or Add Public Storm Shelters Hazards Mitigated Tornadoes, Severe Winter Storms, Severe Summer Storms, Wildfire & Grass Fire, Heavy Precipitation, Dam Failure and Flooding Objective 4 Improve Warning Systems Action 1 Evaluate Current Warning System(s) Action 2 Improve Warning System / Develop New Warning Systems Action 3 Obtain/Upgrade Warning System Equipment and Methods, including sirens Action 4 Identify Locations of Weather Warning Radios Action 5 Obtain/Upgrade/Distribute Weather Warning Radios Hazards Mitigated Tornadoes, Severe Winter Storms, Severe Summer Storms, Wildfire & Grass Fire, Heavy Precipitation, Dam Failure and Flooding Mitigation Goal 2: Protect Existing and New Properties from Natural Hazards Events No Objectives Provided Mitigation Goal 3: Increase Public Awareness and Education about Natural Hazards Events No Objectives Provided 9.0 MITIGATION GOALS AND IMPLEMENTATION Wellfleet officials understand that future events may change the prioritization and implementation of mitigation projects. At this time, Wellfleet officials may choose not to implement any or some of the project mitigation projects that were developed for this plan, realizing, however, that this may change in the future. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 17

Prior to submitting any project for funding consideration, projects will be evaluated using a FEMAapproved cost/benefit method. Under this process, projects would be reviewed for cost effectiveness. This review may include assistance of Nebraska Emergency Management personnel and/or floodplain management personnel. The Village Clerk or designee will be responsible for project administration of all projects selected for implementation. FEMA has the authority to approve, deny or revoke funding for mitigation projects submitted under their mitigation programs. 10.0 EVALUATION Potential mitigation project were evaluated using the STAPLEE method by Wellfleet representatives. A copy of the STAPLEE Evaluation Worksheet or project identification worksheet is in Appendix K. Potential mitigation projects have been identified in this Hazard Mitigation Plan for Wellfleet. These projects are not intended to be an all-inclusive list of mitigation projects. This plan and its projects are designed to be active and can be modified as conditions in Wellfleet change. This requires that the plan be revised and updated as new projects are identified and prioritized by Wellfleet and Twin Platte NRD. FEMA requires that this Hazard Mitigation Plan be reviewed and updated every five years. In order to complete this required review, Wellfleet will follow the same method used by Twin Platte NRD. This is detailed in the Plan Implementation Section of the Twin Platte Hazard Mitigation Plan. To aid in this review, sample worksheets are provided in Appendix L. In addition, the plan will be reviewed after significant hazard events to determine how the mitigation procedures operated and if modifications are needed. March 2010 Twin Platte NRD - Appendix H Page 18

Mississippi Wellfleet Somerset Burma Duncan Amazon Rapidian!( 139 Cumberland!( 141 Roanoke Lake!(!( 138 137 Juniata Ohio Tennessee Ohio Murray 83 Roanoke Genesco!( 142 Railroad Davis!( 140 Nile Legend Railroad Structure Inventory!( Residential!( Commercial!( Industrial!( Government!( Education!( Non-Profit Flood Hazard Area Flood Zone/Floodway Opal Springs 500 Year Floodplain 100 Year & Floodway 0 300 600 1,200 Feet Community Map 1 Wellfleet, Nebraska

Mississippi Wellfleet Somerset Burma Duncan Amazon Rapidian Cumberland Ohio Tennessee 83 Juniata Roanoke Lake Railroad Roanoke Ohio Murray %, 140 Genesco Davis Railroad Nile Legend %, Critical Facility kj Warning Siren Opal Springs 0.75 Mile Radius Future Development 0 300 600 1,200 Feet Community Map 2 Wellfleet, Nebraska