Sparsely populated.4 to < 1. 1. to < 1. 1. to < 5. 5. and over Persons per km² CANADA Population density, 211
Population... 2, 3, 4 Health... 5, 6 Education... 7 Crime... 8 Housing... 9 Income, Spending... 1 Government... 11 International comparisons...12, 13 Labour...14, 15 Economy...16, 17, 18 International trade... 19 Energy... 2 Manufacturing... 21 Agriculture... 22 Travel, Transport... 23 Environment... 24
Population Population 21 26 211 21 to 211 number % change Canada 3,7,94 31,612,897 33,476,688 11.6 Newfoundland and Labrador 512,93 55,469 514,536.3 Prince Edward Island 135,294 135,851 14,24 3.6 Nova Scotia 98,7 913,462 921,727 1.5 New Brunswick 729,498 729,997 751,171 3. Quebec 7,237,479 7,546,131 7,93,1 9.2 Ontario 11,41,46 12,16,282 12,851,821 12.6 Manitoba 1,119,583 1,148,41 1,28,268 7.9 Saskatchewan 978,933 968,157 1,33,381 5.6 Alberta 2,974,87 3,29,35 3,645,257 22.5 British Columbia 3,97,738 4,113,487 4,4,57 12.6 Yukon 28,674 3,372 33,897 18.2 Northwest Territories 37,36 41,464 41,462 11. Nunavut 26,745 29,474 31,96 19.3 Source : Statistics Canada, 21, 26 and 211 censuses. Components of population growth 1991/1992 21/22 211/212 number Births 43,17 328,155 381,598 Deaths 196,967 22,494 252,242 Immigrants 244,281 256,45 259,969 Emigrants 45,633 41,897 51,35 Returning emigrants 15,899 2,268 33,199 Net temporary emigrants 19,741 2,172 29,133 Net non-permanent residents -42,919 33,42 54,475 Note: All figures are for the one-year period ending June 3. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 51-4. Population growth thousands 6 5 4 3 2 1 Total growth Natural increase Net international migration 1981/1982 1991/1992 21/22 211/212 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 51-4. 2
Marital status of Canadians, 211 Population Single (never legally married) 1 Living common law Married, and not separated Separated 1 Divorced 1 Widowed 1 1 2 3 4 5 % Note: Canadians aged 15 and older. 1. Not living common law. Source: Statistics Canada, 211 Census of Population. Population by mother tongue 26 211 26 to 211 number % change Total population 1 31,241,3 33,121,175 6. English 18,232,2 19,424,85 6.5 French 6,97,45 7,298,18 4.7 Chinese languages 2 1,34,85 1,112,65 7.6 Panjabi (Punjabi) 382,585 459,99 2.2 Spanish 362,12 439,11 21.3 Italian 476,95 437,725-8.2 German 466,655 43,55-7.8 Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 266,445 384,5 44.1 Other languages 3,446,5 3,797,5 1.2 Notes: Data correspond to total single language responses and multiple language responses received in the census. Because some reported more than one mother tongue, subcategories add up to a total greater than that of the population. 1. Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements. 2. Chinese languages comprise Cantonese, Chaochow (Teochow), Fukien, Hakka, Mandarin, Shanghainese, Taiwanese and Chinese not otherwise specified. Source: Statistics Canada, 26 and 211 censuses. Visible minority population % of total population 35 3 26 231¹ 25 2 15 1 5 Canadian-born visible minorities All visible minorities 1. Reference scenario, based on current demographic trends. Source: Statistics Canada, Catalogue no. 91-551-X. 3
Population Population of census metropolitan areas 21 211 21 to 211 number % change Total population 3,7,94 33,476,688 11.6 St. John's 172,918 196,966 13.9 Halifax 359,183 39,328 8.7 Moncton 117,727 138,644 17.8 Saint John 122,678 127,761 4.1 Saguenay 154,938 157,79 1.8 Québec 682,757 765,76 12.1 Sherbrooke 153,811 21,89 31.3 Trois-Rivières 137,57 151,773 1.4 Montréal 3,426,35 3,824,221 11.6 Ottawa Gatineau 1,63,664 1,236,324 16.2 Kingston 146,838 159,561 8.7 Peterborough 12,423 118,975 16.2 Oshawa 296,298 356,177 2.2 Toronto 4,682,897 5,583,64 19.2 Hamilton 662,41 721,53 8.9 St. Catharines Niagara 377,9 392,184 4. Kitchener Cambridge Waterloo 414,284 477,16 15.2 Brantford 86,417 135,51 56.8 Guelph 117,344 141,97 2.2 London 432,451 474,786 9.8 Windsor 37,877 319,246 3.7 Barrie 148,48 187,13 26. Greater Sudbury 155,61 16,77 3.3 Thunder Bay 121,986 121,596 -.3 Winnipeg 671,274 73,18 8.8 Regina 192,8 21,556 9.2 Saskatoon 225,927 26,6 15.3 Calgary 951,395 1,214,839 27.7 Edmonton 937,845 1,159,869 23.7 Kelowna 147,739 179,839 21.7 Abbotsford Mission 147,37 17,191 15.5 Vancouver 1,986,965 2,313,328 16.4 Victoria 311,92 344,615 1.5 Source: Statistics Canada, 21 and 211 censuses. Regional distribution of population declaring an Aboriginal mother tongue number 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Atlantic provinces Central provinces Western provinces Note: Comprises both single and multiple responses from the 211 Census. Source: Statistics Canada, 211 Census. 4 Territories
Selected health indicators, 211 Infant mortality deaths per 1, live births 8 Health Both sexes Males Females % of population Arthritis 17. 12.7 21.2 Diabetes 6.1 6.7 5.6 Asthma 8.6 7.4 9.8 High blood pressure 17.6 17.4 17.7 Current smoker, daily or occasional 19.9 22.3 17.5 BMI (18 and older), overweight 33.8 4.2 27.3 BMI (18 and older), obese 18.3 19.8 16.8 Influenza immunization, in past year 3.2 26.9 33.4 Perceived mental health, very good or excellent 72.6 73.5 71.7 Perceived mental health, fair or poor 5.6 5.2 6.1 Life satisfaction, satisfied or very satisfied 92.3 92.4 92.1 Pain or discomfort that prevents activities 14.5 12.3 16.7 Has a regular medical doctor 84.7 8.6 88.8 Notes: Population aged 12 and older. BMI = body mass index. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 15-51. 6 4 2 1939 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 29 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 12-54 and Catalogue nos. 84-22-X and 84-211-X. Life expectancy 1931 1961 1994/1996 27/29 years Females At birth 62.1 74.2 81.1 83.3 At 65 13.7 16.1 19.9 21.6 Males At birth 6. 68.4 75.2 78.8 At 65 13. 13.5 16. 18.5 Note: Starting with 1992/1994 data, life expectancy is calculated using a three-year average of age-specific mortality rates. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 12-512 and Catalogue no. 84-518-X. 5
Health Mortality rates, by selected causes, 29 Both sexes Males Females rate per 1, population All causes of death 515. 629.9 423.5 Septicemia 4.7 5.4 4.2 Viral hepatitis 1. 1.3.7 Human immunodeficiency virus.9 1.4.4 Malignant neoplasms 16.3 192.5 136.8 Diabetes mellitus 14.9 18.7 11.9 Alzheimer s disease 11.8 1.2 12.6 Heart diseases 11.4 134.2 74.9 Cerebrovascular diseases 28.4 3.5 26.4 Influenza and pneumonia 11.7 14.3 1. Chronic lower respiratory diseases 22.9 29.1 19. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis 6.2 8.5 4.1 Renal failure 6.9 8.8 5.7 Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period 4. 4.1 4. Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities 2.9 3. 2.7 Accidents (unintentional injuries) 24.5 33.5 16.2 Suicide 1.7 16.6 5. Homicide 1.8 2.7.9 Note: Rates are age-standardized to the 1991 Census of Population. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 12-552. New cancer cases, by selected primary site 1997 22 27 number Males Total, all primary sites of cancer 1 64,953 74,479 85,531 Colon (excluding rectum) 5,331 6,3 7,81 Rectum and rectosigmoid 2,966 3,713 4,13 Lung and bronchus 11,179 11,858 12,465 Prostate 15,992 19,66 23,231 Females Total, all primary sites of cancer 1 59,98 69,421 78,73 Colon (excluding rectum) 5,379 6,25 6,673 Rectum and rectosigmoid 2,3 2,389 2,599 Lung and bronchus 7,317 8,89 1,4 Breast 17,633 19,647 21,6 Note: International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer rules for determining multiple primary sites. 1. Included are all invasive sites and in situ for bladder. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry Database (July 211 file), CANSIM table 13-553. 6
Undergraduate tuition fees for full-time Canadian students Public postsecondary enrolment in Canada annual % change 3 25 2 15 1 5 Canadian students International students Education Educational attainment of working-age population, 22 to 212 22 27 212 thousands Working-age population 24,786 26,52 28,315 % to 8 years of study 9.4 7.7 6. Some high school 17. 14.7 13.1 High school graduate 19.4 19.7 19.9 Some postsecondary 9.2 8.1 7.4 Postsecondary certificate or diploma 28.7 3.4 31.4 All university degrees 16.4 19.3 22.2 Bachelor's degree 11.2 13.4 15.1 Above bachelor's degree 5.1 5.9 7.1 Note: Population aged 15 and older based on Labour Force Survey estimates. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-4. 21/211 211/212 212/213 1 average ($) Canada 5,146 5,313 5,581 Newfoundland and Labrador 2,649 2,649 2,649 Prince Edward Island 5,131 5,258 5,47 Nova Scotia 5,497 5,722 5,934 New Brunswick 5,647 5,728 5,917 Quebec 2,411 2,52 2,774 Ontario 6,316 6,815 7,18 Manitoba 3,593 3,638 3,729 Saskatchewan 5,431 5,734 6,17 Alberta 5,55 5,663 5,883 British Columbia 4,758 4,919 5,15 1. Estimated. Note: Provincial average tuition fees have been weighted by the number of students enrolled in 28. Source: Statistics Canada, Tourism and the Centre for Education Statistics. 21/22 23/24 25/26 27/28 29/21 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 477-19. 7
Crime Police-reported crime rate rate per 1, population 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 Note: Criminal Code offences, excluding traffic, drug offences and other federal statutes. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM tables 252-51 and 252-52. Police-reported crime statistics 21 26 211 actual incidents Criminal Code violations (excluding traffic) 2,353,33 2,359,84 1,984,916 Violent Criminal Code violations 457,43 451,652 424,41 Property crimes 1,589,425 1,566,315 1,213,885 Other Criminal Code violations 36,862 341,837 346,621 Selected violations Homicide 553 66 598 Sexual assault (levels 1 to 3) 24,44 22,245 21,821 Assault (levels 1 to 3) 236,957 24,629 226,44 Prostitution 5,87 5,679 2,459 Break and enter 279,461 251,361 181,217 Motor vehicle theft 168,595 158,638 82,411 Drugs 89,395 96,175 113,164 Impaired driving 82,718 76,127 9,277 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 252-51. Police officers per 1, population, by province police officers per 1, population (rate) 25 1986 211 2 15 1 5 Canada N.L. P.E.I. N.S. N.B. Que. Ont. Man. Sask. Alta. B.C. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 254-2. 8
Building permits, 211 New Housing Price Index annual % change (27=1) 15 1 5-5 Housing Total Residential Non-residential $ millions Canada 73,966 44,479 29,487 Newfoundland and Labrador 1,57 723 334 Prince Edward Island 242 132 11 Nova Scotia 1,465 922 542 New Brunswick 966 543 422 Quebec 15,49 1,175 5,315 Ontario 28,24 16,12 11,94 Manitoba 1,842 1,164 679 Saskatchewan 2,614 1,431 1,183 Alberta 12,768 7,1 5,758 British Columbia 9,25 6,113 3,136 Yukon 141 63 78 Northwest Territories 21 12 1 Nunavut 86 7 16 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM tables 26-3 and 26-8. -1 1986 1991 1996 21 26 211 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 327-46. Home ownership, 211 Owned dwelling with mortgage Owned dwelling without mortgage Rented dwelling % Canada 31 36 33 Newfoundland and Labrador 43 34 24 Prince Edward Island 32 34 34 Nova Scotia 38 33 28 New Brunswick 39 36 25 Quebec 27 34 4 Ontario 31 37 33 Manitoba 32 37 31 Saskatchewan 37 32 31 Alberta 31 41 28 British Columbia 36 33 31 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 23-27. 9
Income, Spending Median after-tax income, by economic family type 199 2 21 $ constant 21 Economic families, two people or more 55,1 57, 65,5 Elderly families 41,5 4, 46,8 Married couples only 37, 39,4 46,2 All other elderly families 53,7 43,9 48,8 Non-elderly families 57,6 6,4 7,7 Married couples only 52,9 55,9 64,9 Two-parent families with children 61,5 66,3 78,8 Married couples with other relatives 79,7 86,7 99,5 Lone-parent families 26,3 32,6 39,9 All other non-elderly families 46,5 53, 56,7 Unattached individuals 21,5 21,7 26, Elderly males 2,4 21,4 27,8 Elderly females 18,4 19,9 22,5 Non-elderly males 26,5 26,5 28,8 Non-elderly females 22,2 19,5 25,2 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 22-65. Average household expenditures 21 211 21 to 211 $ % change Total expenditures 71,282 73,457 3.1 Total current consumption 53,724 55,151 2.7 Food 7,823 7,795 -.4 Shelter 14,997 15,198 1.3 Household operation 3,846 4,135 7.5 Household furnishings and equipment 1,957 2,27 3.6 Clothing 3,455 3,36-2.7 Transportation 11,59 11,229 1.5 Health care 2,214 2,211 -.1 Personal care 936 1,82 15.6 Recreation 3,576 3,711 3.8 Education 1,152 1,216 5.6 Reading materials and other printed matter 198 221 11.6 Tobacco products and alcoholic beverages 1,198 1,199.1 Games of chance (net amount) 147 166 12.9 Miscellaneous 1,167 1,62 37.3 Income taxes 11,936 12,442 4.2 Personal insurance payments and pension contributions 4,13 4,191 4.4 Gifts of money and contributions 1,69 1,673 4. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 23-21. 1
Central bank rate % 25 Government 2 15 1 5 1972 1977 1982 1987 1992 1997 22 27 212 Sources: Bank of Canada and Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 176-43. Federal government finance 22 27 212 $ millions Revenue 198,63 232,55 24,918 Taxes 162,26 199,39 24,433 Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains 122,185 151,75 157,627 Taxes on goods and services 36,87 44,798 43,124 Taxes on international trade and transactions 2,971 3,517 3,682 Social contributions 18,344 16,949 18,614 Grants, revenue 796 837 96 Other revenue 17,464 14,879 16,965 Expenses 186,744 219,42 273,31 Gross operating balance 18,441 19,328-23,958 Net operating balance 11,886 12,653-32,392 Net acquisition of nonfinancial assets -113 294 19 Net lending or borrowing 11,999 12,359-32,51 Net acquisition of financial assets 27,77 4,54 6,798 Net incurrence of liabilities 15,528-5,715 38,651 Statistical discrepancy -243 2,14-648 Total expenditure 186,631 219,696 273,419 Net worth -1,977,45-1,898,262-2,285,577 Nonfinancial assets 193,699 29,69 257,131 Financial assets 424,674 447,743 1,28,64 Liabilities 2,595,823 2,555,695 3,571,312 Net financial worth -2,171,149-2,17,952-2,542,78 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 385-32. 11
International comparisons Population 211 Life expectancy at birth 21 GDP per capita 211 General government debt 211 Consumer Price Index 211 Unemployment rate 211 thousands years US$ 1 % of GDP annual % change % OECD 2 countries Australia 22,618 81.8 4,79 3 4.9 3 3.4 5.1 Austria 8,421 8.7 42,132 77.5 3 3.3 4.1 Belgium 1,896 3 8.3 38,711 12.4 3.5 7.2 Canada 34,19 3 81.1 4 4,44 16.3 2.9 7.5 Chile 17,248 79. 17,312 18.1 3.3 7.1 Czech Republic 1,52 3 77.7 26,54 44.5 3 1.9 6.7 Denmark 5,548 3 79.3 4,929 61.8 2.8 7.6 Estonia 1,34 3 75.6 21,938 12.5 3 5. 12.5 Finland 5,388 8.2 37,642 56.9 3 3.4 7.8 France 63,294 81.3 35,133 94.9 3 2.1 9.7 Germany 81,777 3 8.5 39,187 86.9 3 2.3 5.9 Greece 11,38 3 8.6 26,934 99.5 3.3 17.7 Hungary 1, 3 74.3 21,547 86.3 3 3.9 1.9 Iceland 319 81.5 36,84.. 4. 7.1 Ireland 4,474 3 81. 4,478 3 91.7 3 2.6 14.4 Israel 7,624 3 81.7 26,531 3 86.5 3 3.5 5.6 Italy 6,483 3.. 32,939 126.3 3 2.8 8.4 Japan 127,799 83. 33,785 3 21.2 3 -.3 4.6 Korea 49,779 8.7 3,254 36. 4. 3.4 Luxembourg 57 3 8.7 89,81 24.5 3 3.4 4.9 Mexico 19,22 75.5 15,195 3 37.7 5 3.4 5.2 Netherlands 16,615 3 8.8 42,847 75.9 2.3 4.5 New Zealand 4,45 81. 29,711 3.. 4. 6.5 Norway 4,953 81.2 61,87 33.8 1.3 3.3 Poland 38,187 3 76.3 19,98 3 62.7 3 4.2 9.7 Portugal 1,637 3 79.8 25,352 96.8 3.7 12.9 Slovak Republic 5,43 3 75.2 24,18 47.1 3 3.9 13.6 Slovenia 2,49 3 79.5 27,42 56.3 1.8 8.2 Spain 46,71 3 82.2 32,51 75.1 3.2 21.6 Sweden 9,449 81.5 41,348 48. 3 3. 7.5 Switzerland 7,822 3 82.6 48,657 3 38.7 5.2 4.1 Turkey 72,698 3 74.3 15,64 3.. 6.5 8.8 United Kingdom 61,761 8.6 35,441 14.9 4.5 8. United States 311,592 78.7 46,588 3 13.5 3.2 9. All OECD 1,231,746 79.7 33,971 3.. 2.9 8. Non-OECD countries Brazil 194,933 73.2 11,239 3.. 6.6 6. China 1,348,1 73.3 7,519 3.. 5.4.. India 1,241,948 65.2 3,339 3.. 8.9.. Indonesia 242,26 69. 4,394 3.. 5.4 6.7 Russian Federation 142,823 69. 19,833 3.. 8.4 6.6 South Africa 5,385 52.1 1,498 3.. 5. 24.9.. not available for a specific reference period Note: International comparisons should be used to gain a general impression only, as there are differences in definition, data collection and other factors. 1. Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices using current exchange rates. 2. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. 3. 21 data. 4. 27/29 data (Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 12-512). 5. 29 data. Source: Data based on OECD (213), OECD Factbook 213. 12 13
Labour Labour force characteristics, by sex 1992 22 212 thousands Labour force 14,336 16,569 18,876 Males 7,911 8,98 9,95 Females 6,425 7,661 8,926 Employed 12,731 15,298 17,58 Males 6,961 8,183 9,188 Females 5,77 7,115 8,32 Unemployed 1,65 1,271 1,368 Males 95 725 762 Females 655 546 66 % Unemployment rate 11.2 7.7 7.2 Males 12. 8.1 7.7 Females 1.2 7.1 6.8 Participation rate 65.7 66.8 66.7 Males 73.9 73. 71.3 Females 57.8 6.9 62.2 Employment rate 58.3 61.7 61.8 Males 65. 67.1 65.8 Females 51.9 56.5 57.9 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-2. Average weekly earnings, by industry 22 27 212 $ current Total employees, all industries 65.2 75.83 866.62 Goods-producing industries 756.53 881.56 1,21.87 Agriculture 432.7 52.31 621.35 Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, oil and gas 989.46 1,185.64 1,451.85 Utilities 1,3.51 1,163.9 1,326.57 Construction 768.7 884.75 1,39.43 Manufacturing 731.86 838.99 933.9 Services-producing industries 614.21 711.81 823.92 Trade 477.2 547.85 623.79 Transportation and warehousing 724.61 82.44 918.76 Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing 731.81 842.79 985.35 Professional, scientific and technical services 855.75 1,.96 1,139.62 Business, building and other support services 479.21 563.59 656.66 Educational services 759.98 861.1 1,13.55 Health care and social assistance 617.75 723.75 829.34 Information, culture and recreation 618.47 724.65 789.45 Accommodation and food services 33.58 358.92 417.74 Public administration 86.81 1,6.1 1,168.76 Other services 533.36 626.33 723.29 Notes: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 27. Data include overtime. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-72. 14
Employment, by industry Unemployment rate Labour 22 27 212 thousands All industries 15,297.9 16,85.6 17,57.7 Goods-producing industries 3,878.4 3,975.7 3,872. Agriculture 325.7 335. 39.2 Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, oil and gas 27.7 341.7 369.1 Utilities 13.3 137.7 14.7 Construction 86.7 1,13.5 1,267.5 Manufacturing 2,291. 2,3.9 1,785.5 Services-producing industries 11,419.5 12,829.9 13,635.7 Trade 2,389.7 2,673.3 2,643.8 Transportation and warehousing 759. 819.7 849.4 Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing 9.5 1,55.8 1,93.2 Professional, scientific and technical services 981.4 1,129.9 1,299.3 Business, building and other support services 585.7 699. 69.5 Educational services 1,3.6 1,179.8 1,287.7 Health care and social assistance 1,613.2 1,835.4 2,128. Information, culture and recreation 713.1 776.3 79.4 Accommodation and food services 987.6 1,73.8 1,12.4 Public administration 794.7 865.1 955.9 Other services 691. 721.8 795.3 Note: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 27. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-8. Canada N.L. P.E.I. N.S. N.B. Que. 211 Ont. 212 Man. Sask. Alta. B.C. 2 4 6 8 1 12 14 % Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-2. 15
Economy Gross domestic product at basic prices, by industry 27 29 211 $ millions chained 27 All industries 1,466,8 1,437,361 1,525,279 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 23,141 23,649 24,566 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 122,277 17,535 124,158 Utilities 35,228 36,162 38,84 Construction 95,353 95,738 16,66 Manufacturing 186,29 153,17 166,131 Wholesale trade 8,75 74,586 81,682 Retail trade 77,839 78,37 82,361 Transportation and warehousing 62,452 59,346 63,759 Information and cultural industries 48,719 49,427 5,671 Finance and insurance 98,64 95,93 99,675 Real estate and rental and leasing 168,5 177,411 187,13 Professional, scientific and technical services 77,98 77,288 79,468 Management of companies and enterprises 1,726 11,643 11,955 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 4,321 38,384 39,47 Educational services 75,388 79,444 82,46 Health care and social assistance 96,833 12,726 17,23 Arts, entertainment and recreation 11,596 11,646 11,572 Accommodation and food services 3,54 3,726 31,92 Other services (except public administration) 29,637 3,323 31,478 Public administration 96,714 13,644 17,23 Note: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 27. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 379-31. Real gross domestic product at market prices annual % change 8 6 4 2-2 -4 1986 1991 1996 21 26 211 Note: Chained 27 dollars. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 38-64. Exchange rates in Canadian dollars 1992 22 212 United States dollar 1.287 1.573.9994 Japanese yen.96.126.125 United Kingdom pound sterling 2.1297 2.3587 1.5841 Mexican peso...1629.76 European euro.. 1.4838 1.285.. not available for a specific reference period Note: Noon spot rate. Sources : Bank of Canada and Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 176-64. 16
Consumer Price Index, selected components Retail sales, by industry Economy 1972 to 1981 1982 to 1991 1992 to 21 22 to 211 average annual % change All-items Consumer Price Index 9. 5.3 1.7 2.1 Food 11.3 4.4 1.6 2.8 Shelter.. 5.6 1.4 2.4 Rented accommodation 4.6 5. 1.5 1.3 Owned accommodation 9.7 5.9.6 2.7 Water, fuel and electricity 13.2 5.8 3.7 3. Electricity 9.4 6.7 1.7 3. Water.. 7. 3.6 6.3 Natural gas 13.8 3.3 8.3. Fuel oil and other fuel 18.7 5.4 4. 9.3 Household operations.. 4.5 1.6 2. Household furnishings and equipment 7. 3.8.6 -.4 Clothing and footwear 6.7 4.4.6 -.9 Transportation 9.1 4.9 2.9 2.6 Gasoline 12.9 5.1 2.4 6.3 Health and personal care 8.3 5.5 1.6 1.7 Recreation, education and reading 6.7 5.4 2.3.7 Alcoholic beverages and tobacco products 7.7 1.7 1.3 4.9.. not available for a specific reference period Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 326-21. 21 26 211 $ millions Retail trade 3,448 389,459 456,388 Motor vehicle and parts dealers 77,528 92,12 1,6 New car dealers 63,518 74,723 8,133 Used car dealers.. 4,665 5,885 Other motor vehicle dealers.. 7,382 7,84 Automotive parts, accessories and tire stores.. 5,241 6,94 Furniture stores 6,794 9,555 9,456 Home furnishings stores 3,222 5,199 5,571 Electronics and appliance stores 9,532 12,618 14,983 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers 14,52 24,848 27,38 Food and beverage stores 71,49 88,743 14,134 Supermarkets and other grocery (except convenience) stores 51,514 63,74 73,989 Beer, wine and liquor stores 11,893 15,142 18,698 Health and personal care stores 18,994 26,111 32,848 Gasoline stations 26,986 41,86 57,682 Clothing and clothing accessories stores 18,784 22,623 26,5 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores 8,218 1,3 11,154 General merchandise stores 36,592 46,497 56,771 Miscellaneous store retailers 8,247 1,163 1,696 Note: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 27. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 8-2. 17
Economy Current account balances $ billions 8 6 4 2-2 -4-6 -8 21 23 25 27 29 211 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 376-11. 18 Current account Investment income International position in securities Goods and services 1996 21 26 211 $ millions (at market value) Canadian portfolio investment abroad 183,53 47,834 735,963 747,46 Foreign bonds 22,534 4,268 133,66 165,145 Foreign equity and investment fund shares 16,968 367,566 582,241 577,125 Foreign money market 1.... 2,62 4,776 Foreign portfolio investment in Canada 529,517 649,63 862,111 1,167,488 Canadian bonds 381,934 447,772 434,83 677,25 Canadian equity and investment fund shares 19,45 18,394 43,312 422,257 Canadian money market 38,134 21,463 24,716 67,981.. not available for a specific reference period Note: Annual data correspond to fourth quarter data. 1. Introduced in 22. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 376-142. Canada s international investment position $ billions 2, 1,75 1,5 1,25 1, 75 5 25-25 -5 Assets Liabilities Net international investment position 1991 1996 21 26 211 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 376-141.
Major goods trading partners, 212 Merchandise trade balance International trade Exports Imports Trade balance $ millions Total 461,856 473,81-11,954 United States 337,837 296,59 41,778 Japan 1,835 1,787 48 United Kingdom 19,823 8,283 11,54 Other European Union countries 21,11 36,271-15,171 Other OECD countries 18,54 35,98-17,476 Other countries 53,757 86,43-32,674 Note: Balance of payments basis. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 228-58. $ billions 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1-1 -2 1992 1997 22 27 212 Note: Balance of payments basis. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 228-58. Exports and imports of merchandise, 212 Exports Imports Trade balance $ millions Total of all merchandise 461,856 473,81-11,954 Farm, fishing and intermediate food products 27,2 12,39 14,891 Energy products 14,131 45,342 58,788 Metal ores and non-metallic minerals 18,532 1,41 8,491 Metal and non-metallic mineral products 54,394 43,479 1,915 Basic and industrial chemical, plastic and rubber products 33,98 38,87-4,989 Forestry products and building and packaging materials 3,589 2,464 1,125 Industrial machinery, equipment and parts 26,838 45,188-18,35 Electronic and electrical equipment and parts 22,928 55,444-32,516 Motor vehicles and parts 68,471 82,89-14,339 Aircraft and other transportation equipment and parts 17,363 12,677 4,685 Consumer goods 48,76 92,839-44,133 Other 9,66 15,13-5,524 Note: Balance of payments basis. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 228-59. 19
Energy Selected energy price indexes annual % change 45 35 25 15 5-5 -15-25 All-items CPI Fuel oil and other fuels Natural gas Gasoline -35 21 23 25 27 29 211 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 326-21. Gasoline prices, selected urban centres 21 26 211 cents per litre St. John s 79.1 17.6 129.2 Charlottetown and Summerside 71.9 13.1 119.3 Halifax 72.8 13.7 125.6 Saint John 7. 12.2 121.6 Québec 74. 12.4 128. Montréal 73.8 1.8 13.5 Ottawa 66. 92.2 122.4 Toronto 67.8 93.4 124.1 Thunder Bay 72.5 98.5 129.2 Winnipeg 65. 96.6 114.6 Regina 72.2 99.6 121.7 Saskatoon 72.2 99.8 12.6 Edmonton 61.3 91. 17.8 Calgary 64.5 92.3 111.4 Vancouver 68.9 13.8 132.4 Victoria 73.9 15.4 123.4 Whitehorse 81.7 17.6 128.8 Yellowknife 88.3 19.5 133.9 Note: Average annual price of regular unleaded gasoline at self-service filling stations. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 326-9. Energy exports $ billions 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 1992 1997 22 27 212 Note: Balance of payments basis. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 228-59. 2
Manufacturing industries, selected statistics Industrial capacity utilization rates % 9 Manufacturing 26 28 21 $ millions Revenue 645,222.1 638,464.6 566,265.4 Revenue from goods manufactured 598,237.4 588,453.1 526,211.8 Expenses 599,486.2 599,771.6 523,221.2 Salaries and wages, direct and indirect labour 84,93.2 8,332.8 73,338.2 Cost of energy, water utility and vehicle fuel 18,59.4 18,239.6 15,37.1 number Establishments 83,596 84,2 8,335 Employees, direct and indirect labour 1,764,928 1,623,145 1,48,1 $ millions Opening inventories 63,776.2 66,6.3 62,153. Closing inventories 67,267.6 68,931.3 64,214.3 Manufacturing value added 212,774.9 2,23.9 187,172.7 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 31-6. New motor vehicle sales, by country of manufacture 1991 211 1991 to 211 units % change Passenger cars, total 873,184 691,79-2.9 North America 573,297 433,452-24.4 Japan 237,71 98,386-58.6 Other countries 62,186 159,241 156.1 Trucks, total 414,66 929,498 124.2 North America 347,671 783,41 125.2 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM tables 79-3. 85 8 75 7 Total industrial Manufacturing 65 1991 1996 21 26 211 Note: North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 22. Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 28-2. 21
Agriculture Number and area of farms thousands of farms 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Number Total area millions of hectares 8 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 21 26 211 Source: Statistics Canada, censuses of agriculture. Farms, by farm type 26 211 26 to 211 number % change All farms 229,373 25,73-1.3 Cattle ranching and farming 75,598 49,613-34.4 Hog and pig farming 6,4 3,47-42.5 Poultry and egg production 4,578 4,484-2.1 Sheep and goat farming 3,815 3,924 2.9 Other animal production 26,779 24,124-9.9 Oilseed and grain farming 61,667 61,692. Vegetable and melon farming 5,239 4,822-8. Fruit and tree nut farming 8,329 8,253 -.9 Greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production 8,754 7,946-9.2 Other crop farming 28,574 37,42 3.9 Source: Statistics Canada, censuses of agriculture. Farm financial statistics, 211 Operating revenue p Operating expenses p Operating margin p average ($) % All farms 355,55 292,2 17.9 Grain and oilseed 35,464 219,655 28.1 Potato 1,245,111 1,11,33 18.8 Other vegetable and melon 496,737 428,262 13.8 Fruit and tree nut 24,222 211,376 12. Greenhouse, nursery and floriculture 1,91,324 985,917 9.7 Other crop 16,27 87,599 17.5 Beef cattle and feedlots 25,191 237,236 5.2 Dairy cattle and milk production 562,973 42,989 25.2 Hog and pig 1,791,46 1,72,626 5. Poultry and egg 1,198,52 1,21,837 14.7 Other animal 21,756 173,336 14.1 p preliminary Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM tables 2-44, 2-55 and 2-56. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 22
Travel, Transport Travellers to Canada, by country of origin, 211 Country of origin Overnight trips Trips Nights Spending in Canada thousands C$ millions United States 11,597 47,426 6,133 United Kingdom 623 8,451 796 France 422 6,939 544 Germany 29 5,83 45 Mainland China 237 6,94 47 Australia 216 3,293 392 Japan 186 2,754 37 India 163 3,746 162 South Korea 14 4,8 236 Mexico 124 2,98 177 Source: Statistics Canada, Tourism and the Centre for Education Statistics. Travel by Canadians to foreign countries, 211 Overnight visits Visits Nights Spending in country thousands C$ millions United States 21,344 176,16 16,168 Mexico 1,55 15,857 1,522 Cuba 1,19 8,615 719 United Kingdom 862 1,44 995 Dominican Republic 737 6,322 65 France 732 9,74 945 Italy 381 3,96 481 Germany 335 3,416 292 Mainland China 37 6,275 514 Spain 228 2,438 267 Source: Statistics Canada, Tourism and the Centre for Education Statistics. Gross sales of gasoline for motor vehicles millions of litres 43, 42, 41, 4, 39, 38, 37, 36, 21 23 25 27 29 211 Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 45-3. 23
Environment Mean temperature departures C 4 3 2 1-1 -2 Departure from normal -3 Linear trend 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 21 211 Source: Environment Canada, Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin (CTVB), 211. Average temperature and precipitation Average daily temperature Average precipitation January July Annual C mm St. John s -4.8 15.4 1,513.7 Charlottetown -8. 18.5 1,173.3 Halifax -6. 18.6 1,452.2 Fredericton -9.8 19.3 1,143.3 Québec -12.8 19.2 1,23.3 Ottawa -1.8 2.9 943.5 Toronto -6.3 2.8 792.7 Winnipeg -17.8 19.5 513.7 Regina -16.2 18.8 388.1 Edmonton -13.5 15.9 482.7 Victoria 3.8 16.4 883.3 Whitehorse -17.7 14.1 267.4 Yellowknife -26.8 16.8 28.7 Iqaluit -26.6 7.7 412. Source: Environment Canada, Canadian Climate Normals or Averages 1971-2. Greenhouse gas emissions kilotonnes 8, 7, 199 29 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) CO 2 equivalents Source: Environment Canada, 211, National Inventory Report 199-29: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada. 24
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