Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock

Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 1 of 20

Index 1. Purpose... 3 2. Scope... 3 3. Background... 3 4. Overall Principle of vehicle/infrastructure compatibility... 3 5. Funding... 4 6. Gauging Methodology... 4 7. Applicable standards... 5 8. Reference Documents... 5 9. NR contact details... 5 10. Appendices... 6 Appendix A Gauging Process Flowchart... 6 Appendix B Introduction Process... 8 Appendix C RACI Chart... 9 Appendix D Alignment to the GRIP process... 11 Appendix E Hierarchy of Solutions Model for Infrastructure Changes... 12 Appendix F Class XXX Gauging Compatibility Strategy... 13 Appendix G Other disciplines to be considered for vehicle compatibility... 20 Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 2 of 20

1. Purpose This document is written as a guide to parties involved with the introduction to operation on Network Rail managed infrastructure of: New designs of passenger rolling stock Modifications to passenger rolling stock which affect their gauge compatibility with the infrastructure Cascades/Route Extension of passenger rolling stock onto routes which they have not previously operated over Network Rail wishes to alert introducers of new, modified or cascaded vehicles to the advantages of early discussion with Network Rail to assist with ensuring that their vehicle is compatible with the infrastructure. This note is written without prejudice to contractual rights, Railway Group Standards and published clearances or approved exceptions. This document and associated documents are available on the Network Rail website. 2. Scope Note that this document covers gauging aspects of vehicle introductions only. All other elements of infrastructure compatibility will also need to be fulfilled prior to operation on Network Rail managed infrastructure as outlined in GE/RT8270. The operational clearances for existing vehicles are as published in the Sectional Appendix (NESA) Route Clearance Tables. Network Rail is committed to providing operators of existing vehicles with the clearances shown in these tables. 3. Background This document has been developed with the support of stakeholders from several different rolling stock introduction projects and is intended to provide examples of best practice and decision support tools to enable efficient and timely completion of rolling stock introduction or cascade projects. It is intended to be used as a guide only and compliance must be achieved to all applicable standards relating to rolling stock introduction and operation. 4. Overall Principle of vehicle/infrastructure compatibility The following is taken from GERT8270: a) A railway undertaking is responsible for ensuring that its rolling stock is compatible with the infrastructure it operates over and with other rolling stock that operates on that infrastructure b) An infrastructure manager is responsible for ensuring that its infrastructure is compatible with the rolling stock that operates over it and any other infrastructure with which it interfaces. What this means in practice in terms of responsibilities is as follows: Manufacturers/introducers: Need to decide the extent of the network over which the vehicle is intended to operate. If network-wide operation is not a requirement this can reduce the amount of infrastructure which has to be assessed for compatibility Need to identify any delivery and testing routes for vehicles Need to identify depot access routes including access to wheel lathes and heavy maintenance depots Need to identify and consult with other parties affected by the new/modified vehicle Need to demonstrate compatibility with infrastructure and other rolling stock applicable to the routes of intended operation Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 3 of 20

Need to agree with Network Rail on the gauging methodology to be followed by the introduction project Network Rail: Need to provide infrastructure data for the entire Network Rail managed network, for gauging this is done via the National Gauging Database (NGD) Will produce a Summary of Compatibility document once the introducer has provided all evidence to demonstrate compatibility with infrastructure Need to thereafter maintain the infrastructure to maintain compatibility with vehicles on the routes which they are cleared for and published in the NESA (available through the NESA website) Operators: Need to operate the vehicle in accordance with compatibility criteria, including any agreed operational restrictions 5. Funding Network Rail is funded to maintain the infrastructure to be compatible with the rolling stock and freight which is cleared to operate over the routes, as defined within the NESA route clearance tables. Where there is a requirement to amend infrastructure to be compatible with new rolling stock, the principle is that the introducer of that new rolling stock pays for the infrastructure amendments. There are 2 main ways this can be done as follows: Network Rail led project NR project manages design and implementation of infrastructure modifications and off-charges all project costs to the vehicle introducer Introducer led project the vehicle introducer manages design and implementation of infrastructure modifications, note Network Rail usually still has a role of asset ownership/protection during such projects, depending on which assets are being modified Any increased monitoring regimes required as a result of less than normal clearances to newly introduced rolling stock require both agreement at Network Rail Route level and to be funded for the future prior to implementation. 6. Gauging Methodology Projects should agree a gauging strategy and clearance methodology with NR at the start of the project, (see GE/RT8270 appendix C and appendix F of this document for example gauging strategy) for which the options are: 1. Apply absolute gauging methodology. This is the recommended solution as it eliminates all doubts as to the dynamic size of vehicles and their suitability for use on all infrastructure. Please note that this method requires a ClearRoute compatible vehicle model to be created. 2. Build to standard vehicle gauges (i.e. loco gauge, W6A etc). This allows vehicles to run over the routes that are clear to the standard gauge but will cause operational restrictions (usually prohibitions) to apply over the routes that are not clear to the standard gauge. All current applicable restrictions to the standard gauge will be inherited by the new vehicle. 3. Apply comparative gauging (i.e. the vehicle is the same size or smaller than an existing vehicle). The new vehicle will be limited to operation over routes cleared for the comparator vehicle and any existing restrictions to the comparator will also apply to the new vehicle. Candidate and comparator vehicle models should be developed with comparable methodologies and the swept envelope for both Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 4 of 20

vehicles should comply with GM/RT2149. An existing comparator vehicle has to pass the test of operating in significant and regular traffic which may not be the case for some existing vehicles. 4. Apply hybrid gauging (i.e. a mix of comparative gauging and absolute gauging for parts of a new vehicle which sit outside the swept envelope of the comparator vehicle) Combinations of the above methodologies may be permissible to achieve route clearance. See the following for more details: Appendix A for details of the gauging process Appendix B for introduction process Appendix C for suggested roles and responsibilities Appendix D for Alignment to the NR GRIP Process Appendix E for suggested solutions to infrastructure changes Appendix F for example gauging strategy Appendix G for other disciplines to be considered 7. Applicable standards GERT8270 Iss2 Assessment of Compatibility of Rolling Stock and Infrastructure GERT8073 Iss2 Requirements for the Application of Standard Vehicle Gauges GMRT2149 Iss3 Requirements for Defining and Maintaining the Size of Railway Vehicles GCRT5212 Iss1 Requirements for Defining and Maintaining Clearances 8. Reference Documents GEGN8573 Iss3 Guidance on Gauging ATOC guide to vehicle change RSSB guide to interoperability NESA 9. NR contact details Gauging issues; Mark Ward, Gauging Manager, Network Rail mark.ward@networkrail.co.uk Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 5 of 20

10. Appendices Appendix A Gauging Process Flowchart (1) Propose Vehicle and routes of operation Yes (2) Is vehicle built to standard gauge? No (3) Is standard gauge cleared for route? No (5) Are restrictions acceptable? No (6) Suitable comparator identified? No Yes (4) Undertake Standard Gauge clearance process Yes Yes (8) Undertake Comparative Gauging clearance process Yes (7) Are restrictions acceptable? No (9) Are infrastructure changes cost effective? (10) Undertake Absolute Gauging clearance process No (11) Does vehicle model exist? No (12) Create/Amend vehicle model Yes Yes (13) Analyse vehicle model over proposed route infrastructure data (17) Amend vehicle design (16) Amend infrastructure Vehicle (14) Are Clearances/ restrictions Acceptable/practical? No (15) Amend infrastructure or vehicle? Infrastructure Yes (18) Demonstrate gauge compatibility (19) Undertake Compatibility Assessment (20) Bring vehicle into service Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 6 of 20

1. Propose vehicle and routes of operation - proposer to decide routes where vehicle is to operate (including passenger operation, ECS and delivery routes, depot access routes including access to wheel lathes and heavy maintenance depots) and initiate vehicle change process. > (2) 2. Is the vehicle built to a standard gauge or same as existing vehicles in operation on the route? Yes = (3), No = (6) 3. Is the standard gauge fully gauge cleared for the route? Yes = (4), No = (5) 4. Undertake Standard Gauge clearance process. > (18) 5. Are any restrictions on the route acceptable? Yes = (4), No = (6) 6. Is a suitable comparator vehicle identified? This would be a vehicle which is currently cleared over the route, is in significant and regular use on the route and has a vehicle model which complies with requirements set out in GM/RT2149. Yes = (7), No = (9) 7. Are any restrictions on the route acceptable? Yes = (8), No = (9) 8. Undertake Comparative Gauging clearance process > (18) 9. Are infrastructure changes cost effective> Yes = (16), No = (10) 10. Undertake Absolute Gauging clearance process > (11) 11. Does a vehicle model exist? Yes = (13), No = (12) 12. Create or Amend the vehicle model creation of a vehicle model which can be used within approved gauge clearance software to analyse clearances, this would include information on size, profile and dynamic characteristics of vehicle. At time of writing there is a proposal for standard vehicle data format RIS-2773-RST (format for gauging data) which will enable capture of all required data to create a model. This will be published on the RSSB website once approved. > (13) 13. Analyse vehicle model over proposed route infrastructure data vehicle model to be analysed for both structure clearances and passing clearances over the National Gauging Database (NGD) data for the proposed routes of operation (including passenger operation, ECS and delivery routes, depot access routes including access to wheel lathes and heavy maintenance depots). > (14) 14. Are clearances/restrictions acceptable/practical? The analysis may result in a list of structures with less than normal clearances to the vehicle. The project team and Network Rail will need to discuss whether the reduced clearances and/or restrictions to the operation are acceptable and/or operationally practical e.g. if there is a restriction in one bay platform it may not represent an operational issue. Yes = (18), No = (15) 15. Amend infrastructure or vehicle? - The project team and Network Rail need to decide on the most efficient and effective way to gain gauge clearance for the vehicle. Infrastructure = (16), Vehicle = (17) 16. Amend infrastructure if the vehicle model is found to be foul to only a few structures it may be more cost effective to amend those structures (see appendix E of this document for optioneering advice). > (13) 17. Amend vehicle design if the vehicle model is found to be foul to a large number of difficult to modify structures it may be more cost effective to amend the vehicle design and the model. > (11) 18. Demonstrate gauge compatibility once clearances are acceptable. > (19) 19. Undertake Compatibility Assessment for other disciplines. The vehicle has to be proven to have compatibility between both itself and the infrastructure and itself and other vehicles on the routes where it is intended to operate. This relates to not just gauging but to a number of other disciplines, examples of which are given in the appendices of this document. > (20) 20. Bring into service begin using the vehicles on the infrastructure once all certification and commercial issues are resolved. Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 7 of 20

Appendix B Introduction Process Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 8 of 20

Appendix C RACI Chart This outlines some of the roles and responsibilities involved with the gauging element of a vehicle introduction project. The numbers relate to the introduction process outlined above. Head of RAM Infra. Works Delivery Lead Vehicle Compatibility Specialist Chart number Activity Client Sponsor CRE Network Planner Project Manager Gauging Engineer Route Director Vehicle Builder Gauging Consultant Advise NR of 1 Proposal A,R C C Seek RSPG endorsement and 2 secure sponsor I C A,R I I I I 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Inform Vehicle compatibility team A,R I C Appoint vehicle designer and builder A,R I I C I Prepare vehicle design A C I C A,R C Appoint gauging consultant A,R I I C Agree project requirements (PRS documents), Gauging strategy (routes, methodology, activities, timescales) C A,R I I C C C I C C I Secure development funds & project manager I A,R I I C I I I I I Provide NR infrastructure data R A C C C I C Produce vehicle profile, assess gauge compatibility and review as required C I I C C A,R C Review consultant report(s) with respect to potential noncompliant clearances and advise as required I I I A,R I C I ROSCO Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 9 of 20

Infra. Works Delivery Lead Vehicle Compatibility Specialist Chart number Activity Client Sponsor CRE Network Planner Project Manager Gauging Engineer Head of RAM Route Director Vehicle Builder Gauging Consultant Identify which locations are acceptable and any required risk mitigation with 12 regards to gauging I C C A,R C I C I 13 14 15 16 co-ordinate all reviews and endorsements required for formal acceptance of vehicle proposal C C I C C C I I A,R Review consultant report(s) with respect to platform stepping distances Revise vehicle design A,R (TOC) I I C I C I if required C I C C A,R C I I Agree works required to achieve route clearance A,R C I C C C I C I I ROSCO 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Secure funding & other approvals for infrastructure works C A,R I I I C I I C Oversee options, surveys and designs I C A C C I R I Endorse works designs/mitigation measures I I I A,R C C C C Oversee implementation of infrastructure works I I A R Endorse as-built drawings I I C A,R C I Issue gauging certificate I I I A,R I I I I C Review compatibility reports C I I I I A,R I Issue summary of compatibility C C I I I I I I I I I A,R I R = Responsible, A = Accountable, C = Consulted, I = Informed CRE NR customer relations executive, RAM Route Asset Management, ROSCO Rolling Stock Operating Company Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 10 of 20

Appendix D Alignment to the GRIP process Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 11 of 20

Appendix E Hierarchy of Solutions Model for Infrastructure Changes The following is an example of the decision chain to support infrastructure works where required. It is based upon costs in increasing order to enable introduction projects to be carried out with cost efficiencies in mind as it starts with the cheapest solution and escalates to the more expensive options. Some of these options could be applicable to a vehicle introduction project. Is the survey up to date? Can the site be excluded from scope, e.g. by a platform prohibition? Can temporary clearance be gained by measures such as tare condition only (for delivery or testing), or a ban on deflated condition, or a specific speed restriction? Can the site be resolved by a spot platform coper alteration? Is the site already in somebody's renewal or enhancement plan, and can they resolve at zero cost? Can the site be resolved by a localised track slew (if necessary by manual means or jacking? Can the site be resolved by removal of the problem section (such as a local demolition of a redundant platform)? Can the site be resolved by a design track alignment implemented by tamping? Where track lowering is required: Can the site be resolved by lowering with ballast cleaner? Can the site be resolved by lowering through scarifying ballast and installing steel sleepers? Can it be resolved by a track lowering and reinstate existing track components? Can it be resolved by a full drainage and renewal of track and ballast at a lower datum? Can it be resolved by a bridge reconstruction (Most expensive, but the most permanent solution)? Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 12 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX Appendix F Class XXX Gauging Compatibility Strategy Prepared By Agreed By Approved By Approved By Signature Signature Signature Signature Name: Job Title: Project Manager Date: Name: Job Title: Senior Gauging Engineer Date: Name: Job Title: Date: Name: Job Title: Date: Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 13 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX Management Summary This Class XXX Gauging Compatibility Strategy sets out the rationale and actions undertaken to facilitate the Gauge Clearance of the Class XXX in respect to the Routes as required by the project. This Strategy shall give details of the Class XXX Kinematic Envelope, the various means by which Gauging assessment is carried out, and how results will be presented. The Strategy will also detail the clearances required, updating of surveys, site work packages and validation of As Built results. Included within this strategy shall also be the means by which responsibility for any infrastructure alterations or increased maintenance works is determined. This document does not cover electrical or signalling interface works. DISTRIBUTION LIST COPY ISSUED TO TITLE /LOCATION TEL NO No 01 Distribution list should include representatives from the manufacturer, NR Route Directors, Gauging Engineer, Project manager and Sponsor, TOC and ROSCO as appropriate 02 Contents Management Summary Distribution List 1. Introduction and Scope 2. Stakeholders and Responsibilities 3. Gauging Assessment Criteria 4. Stepping Distances 5. Site Surveys / Site Works 6. Contracting Strategy 7. Notifications and Approvals 8. Recommendations and Sign-Off Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 14 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX 1. Introduction and Scope 1.1 This Gauge Clearance Strategy details the scope and methodology that is to be utilised to attain gauge clearance for the Class XXX vehicle over designated routes. This Strategy shall provide the means by which the gauge clearance activities of assessment and works are agreed with Network Rail such that Gauge Clearance Certificate(s) may be issued. 1.2 This Strategy addresses the Gauge Clearance validation only, and does not address any other issues associated with the permission to operate the Class XXX (e.g. Signalling, Power Supply, DOO(P), and Platform Lengths). However this Strategy does include attainment of electrical clearances as defined in the Gauging Group Standards (if applicable). 2. Stakeholders and Responsibilities 2.1.1 List of key Stakeholders affected by the project to go here and a brief background on the origin and objectives of the project to be included. 3. Gauging Assessment Criteria 3.1 Standards The Gauge Clearance assessments, works and validation shall be in accordance with the following Railway Group Standards: GERT8270 Iss2 Assessment of Compatibility of Rolling Stock and Infrastructure GERT8073 Iss2 Requirements for the Application of Standard Vehicle Gauges GMRT2149 Iss3 Requirements for Defining and Maintaining the Size of Railway Vehicles GCRT5212 Iss1 Requirements for Defining and Maintaining Clearances GE/GN8573 iss3 Guidance on Gauging 3.2 Vehicle Details The Vehicle Kinematic details used are as follows:- Class XXX manufacturer and KE version no (Laser Rail File Ref.) Design KE (VAMPIRE Format) This KE will be reassessed upon completion of the first unit build with dimensional check and sway test results incorporated to validate the Design KE and re issue as As Built. It should be recognised that all current assessments and work / maintenance packages (where required) undertaken using the Design KE will need to be reassessed if the As Built KE differs. Any such rework will be entirely at the expense of manufacturer. Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 15 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX 3.3 Routes to be Assessed The Routes to be assessed are as follows- Route type ELR Description Priority Notes Primary DBP1 London Road Jn - Kingsbury Jn Secondary DBP2 Kingsbury Jn. - Water Orton East Jn. Testing ECM2 Shaftholme Jn to Temple Hirst Jn ECS LTN1 Liverpool Street - Trowse Jn Depot/service LTN2 Trowse Jn - Norwich Delivery SPC3 Wellingborough - Wigston South Jn. P1 P2 P1 P3 P2 P1 Slow lines only Not Burton on Trent Platform 1 Fast lines only Avoid Up loop Priority Dates P1: 01/01/2014 P2: 01/06/2014 P3: 01/12/2015 ECS: 01/01/2014 Delivery: 01/11/2013 Depot/Service: 01/12/2013 Unless stated specifically otherwise all Platforms along each route shall be assessed for Clearance. Both Primary and Secondary routes shall be assessed for full passenger operation clearances. Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 16 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX 3.4 Permissible Clearances Clearances to all Structures on the routes shall be assessed in accordance with the Categorisation of Clearances as set out in GC/RT5212 as follows: Upper Sector (Above 1100mm ARL) Clearance Category Action 100mm Normal Assessed as clear no action required 50mm to < 100mm Reduced Action to be agreed by project and GE > 0mm and < 50mm Special Reduced Lower Sector (Up to 1100mm ARL) Action to be agreed by project and GE 50mm Normal Assessed as clear no action required 25mm to < 50mm > 0mm and < 25mm Reduced Special Reduced Action to be agreed by project and GE Action to be agreed by project and GE Notes: All the above criteria relate to line speeds up to 125mph Any anomaly clearances (i.e. less than 0mm clearance) will require infrastructure works 3.5 Details of Assessment Assessment of clearances shall be undertaken using Absolute Gauging assessment techniques against all structures as listed in the National Gauging Database (NGD) Dated 00/00/00 for the relevant ELRs or part thereof, as set out in the routes listed in Section 3.3. This Assessment is to be undertaken on behalf of Client X by Consultant Y. In this respect the definition of structures is as per Group Standard. Note that any changes to the KE version will require a re-assessment of clearances using the latest NGD. Additionally Consultant Y will carry out a review of the Assessment Results to confirm completeness of both Structure and Passing locations (See Section 3.7 below). 3.6 Determination of Works Where deficient clearances occur mitigation works shall be considered as first option. Such works shall be funded by the Project, through a formal Agreement set in place prior to these works, in accordance with the Route classification. Generally Surveys will be updated by Network Rail where it is considered that the existing survey is outdated. This shall not include locations where more accurate or detailed specifics surveys are requested. Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 17 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX Gauge Clearance works of a standard nature typically comprise of the following: Platform Coper Realignment Platform Coper re-levelling Platform Coper replacement with thin copers Track Slewing / Lifting / Balancing. (Including Re Stressing). Removal / Modifications to Platform Step Ups Track Stabilisation (Strutting). These mitigation works shall be undertaken by the project. Datum Plates will also be updated to reflect works undertaken and all data handed over to the route maintenance team. 3.7 Presentation and Assessment of Results The clearance assessment results need to be formatted by ELR (or part thereof) to accord with the order and Priority of Routes as listed in 3.3, and will also need to confirm the assessment criteria used (absolute/comparative, tolerances, KE version etc) and the mode of vehicle operation (Passenger or ECS). The results need to show the clearances assessed in mm for each structure indicating the key structure positions as well as Passing Clearances to other vehicle(s) permitted on that Route. These results will be issued on a Route Priority basis, and will be reviewed by the Gauging Engineer and the Project Manager. The Project Manager will check these results for completeness of Structures and Platforms per Route, and also collate the Passing Clearance results into a Summary Report of locations identified as deficient. 4. Stepping Distances 4.1 All assessments and works shall be in accordance with GI/RT7016. 4.2 Stepping Distances shall only be required to be assessed and actioned at locations where the Class XXX is booked to stop. At all other locations (including diversionary routes) on train announcements to Mind the Gap will be made. (TOC responsibility). 5. Site Surveys / Site Works 5.1 All works undertaken will be subject to the Construction, Design and Management(CD&M) Regulations for which Network Rail will undertake the duties of Planning Supervisor. 5.2 Prior to any site works being undertaken a validation survey shall be undertaken to confirm the workscope. Similarly upon completion of the works, the As Built dimensions will be recorded and used to confirm (by submitting to the Gauging Engineer for assessment) that adequate clearances have been attained. In this respect the Gauging Engineer will issue a letter of confirmation. 5.3 It should be noted also, that where works to platform copers exceed 1/3 of the platform length, then to comply with the Disability Discrimination Act the works will include the installation of Tactile Paving to the entire platform length where they are not already installed. See GI/RT7016 for further detail. Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 18 of 20

Class XXX Gauging Strategy Project: XXX 12/12/2012 Issue XX Rev XX 6. Contracting Strategy 7. Notifications and Approvals 7.1 The Project shall notify the Route Asset Manager (Track) of any site works that may alter existing clearances. 7.2 As-built survey data shall be provided to Network Rail for all sites where infrastructure works are undertaken to enable updating of the National Gauging Database. 8. Recommendations and Sign-Off 8.1 This Gauging Strategy has been agreed with Network Rail and is to be submitted by the Sponsor for endorsement as part of the Deliverables of the Services Agreement to progress these works. Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 19 of 20

Appendix G Other disciplines to be considered for vehicle compatibility In addition to gauging, there are several disciplines which need to be considered when gaining approval for rolling stock operations on the Network Rail managed infrastructure, including but not limited to: Stepping distances the distance between passenger footsteps (driver footsteps are not considered) and the edge of operational platform coping stones on the routes it is intended to operate Signalling compatibility the ability of the rolling stock to interface and operate with the signalling system on the routes it is intended to operate Power supply compatibility the capacity of the existing power supply infrastructure to supply enough traction current for the rolling stock in its intended deployment timetable on the routes it is intended to operate Electrical clearances Mechanical interface with electrification system(s) Electromagnetic compatibility how EM emissions from the rolling stock affects the infrastructure (e.g. signalling and power supplies) and vice versa Route availability the axle weights of the rolling stock have to be under the maximum rating for the route (capacity of under-bridges usually the limiting factor) Aerodynamics how the rolling stock and infrastructure interact in tunnels, cuttings etc Attainable speed Braking and acceleration characteristics Signal sighting distances Platform Lengths Depot routes where the depot route is not on the operational route but passes over NR infrastructure Fire protection of rolling stock, particularly in tunnels Emergency arrangements Gauging Guide for Passenger Rolling Stock V1.0 10/12/12 Page 20 of 20