Name Score /225 Changing Earth Chapter 1 Worksheet Before reading Chapter 1 (pages 9 37). On a separate sheet of paper, make two columns. Title the first column Before I Read. Title the second column After I Read. Across the columns, you will need to include the following information for each section: key concept (found at the beginning of each section); major concepts (blue headings); supporting concepts (red headings). It will look something like this: Before Reading After Reading 1.1 Earth has several layers. Earth is made up of materials with different densities. (Make sure you identify each key concept by identifying the section [1.1, 1.2, et].] Before you read each section, write what you think you know about each concept (Before Reading column). Read the section and then write what you learned about that concept (After Reading column). When done, staple the assignment to this worksheet. Once that assignment is completed, answer the following questions. Section 1.1 1. List the three MAIN layers of the Earth. (3 points) 1
2. What does the Greek prefix litho- mean? 3. What does the Greek prefix asthenés- mean? 4. The lithosphere is broken up into large and small slabs of rock. What are these called? 5. Describe the properties of the core (include both the inner and outer core). (4 points) Inner Outer 6. Describe how the Earth s main layers formed. (3 points) 7. Compare the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. (3 points) 8. Explain why the inner core is solid while the outer core is liquid. (3 points) 9. Based on what you have read, explain how the structure of the lithosphere helps scientists solve the mystery of the moving continents. (5 points) 2
10. Explain how the movement of plates could affect you in Brigham City. (Use the information from your text as well as what you learned from the video Our Earth Pushing and Shoving.) (5 points) Section 1.2 11. What is the movement of the continents called? 12. List three evidences for continental drift. (3 points) 13. What was the huge supercontinent called? 14. List three evidences for the theory of plate tectonics found on the sea floor. (3 points) 15. Explain how fossils support continental drift. (3 points) 3
16. Describe how the continents have drifted apart. (Hint: use the map on page 16.) (3 points) 17. Look at the map on pg. 19. Using the information on the map, identify where the continents are: (6 points) moving apart pushing together scraping past each other 18. Based on what you have read, explain the theory of plate tectonics. (5 points) 19. Explain how temperature changes create convection currents. (3 points) Section 1.3 20. Look at the diagram on pg. 28. Which island or land form was formed first? How do you know? (5 points) 4
21. Describe the three types of boundaries. (6 points) 22. Describe how a rift valley is formed. (3 points) 23. Look at the diagram on pg. 23. Explain what happens to the old crust as the new crust forms. (3 points) 24. Explain how records of magnetic reversals show that plates move apart. (3 points) 25. What happens when the floor of a rift valley sinks below sea level? (3 points) 26. What is a spot where heated rock from the mantle rises in plumes? 27. What are the longest chains of mountains on the Earth called? 28. (5 points) Divergent boundary features at se Divergent boundary features on land. 5
Section 1.4 29. Describe what happens when convergent boundaries push together. (3 points) 30. When one plate sinks beneath another, what is it called? 31. Describe what happens with a continental-continental collision occurs. (3 points) 32. List the three oceanic-oceanic subductions. (3 points) 33. Explain why deep-ocean trenches form at both types of subduction. (3 points) 34. Look at the diagram on pg. 35. Where else on the map can you find a transform, divergent, and convergent boundaries? (6 points) 35. What future events can scientists predict using the theory of plate tectonics? Give two examples. (5 points) 6
36. Complete the Venn diagram. Compare and contrast (how are they alike and different) oceanic-oceanic and oceanic-continental subduction boundaries. (10 points) Oceanic-Oceanic Oceanic-Continental 37. Scientists made these observations about a region known for the movements of two major tectonic plates. (25 points) (See pg. 37) The region is on the coast of a landmass. Along the coast is a deep-ocean trench. The mountains on the coast are volcani d. The mountains are getting higher. e. The mountains are getting higher. f. Far out at sea, a mid-ocean ridge is forming. Here are three possible conclusions about the movement of tectonic plates in the region. One plate is pulling away from the other. One plate is sinking under the other. One plate is scraping past the other. 7
Decide how well the observations support each conclusion. Note any observations that indicate that a conclusion is not justified. 8