Intelligent Networks Principles and ApplicaHons John Anderson The Institution of Electrical Engineers
Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction to intelligent networks. The basics of intelligent networks.. Origins..2 Extracting the service logic..3 Interactive voice functions..4 The 'classical' IN architecture and its elements..5 Locating the 'intelligence'..6 What is an 'intelligent' network?..7 The role of international standards.2 Why did we need IN?.2. The commercial drivers.2.2 IN as a universal integrator 2 The foundations of IN 2. The service switching function 2.2 Triggering to remote service logic 2.2. Introduction to triggering 2.2.2 Introduction to IN call models 2.2.3 Trigger detection points 2.2.4 Trigger types and trigger criteria 2.2.5 Trigger tables 2.2.6 Event detection points 2.2.7 The CS- basic call state model 2.2.8 Notification and response DP types 2.2.9 Triggering dynamics 2.2.0 The CS- feature interaction manager 2.3 Hosting and creating IN services 2.3. SCPsandSCFs IX xiii 4 5 6 7 9 9 3 5 5 7 7 2 22 23 24 27 28 29 29 3 32 32
vi Contents 2.3.2 Service data considerations 32 2.3.3 Multi-service SCPs 33 2.3.4 Service logic execution environment (SLEE) 33 2.3.5 Service creation environment 34 2.3.6 Operational support systems for IN services 35 2.3.7 SCP 'non-functional' requirements 37 2.3.8 Future trends for SCPs 38 2.4 The intelligent peripheral 39 2.4. The Assist procedure for IP connections 4 2.5 INAP (the intelligent network application protocol) 43 2.5. ETSI Core INAP operations 43 2.6 IN CS- implementation issues 48 2.6. Core INAP as a compliance benchmark 49 2.6.2 INAP implementations and feature interactions 50 2.6.3 SSP data management 5 3 Signalling intelligence 53 3. Introduction 53 3.2 Common channel signalling - the beginning 53 3.3 The layered signalling model 54 3.4 The message transfer part 55 3.4. Signalling management intelligence 58 3.5 Telephony user part intelligence 59 3.5. Basic call set-up 59 3.5.2 The 'intelligence' aspects of basic calls 6 3.5.3 Further 'switch-based' intelligence 63 3.6 SS7 signalling for IN 63 3.6. Signalling connection control part (SCCP) 63 3.6.2 Global title addressing 64 3.6.3 Transaction capabilities application part (TCAP) 65 3.6.4 Signalling differences between PSTN and GSM networks 68 4 Internationa/ standards for intelligent networking 7 4. Introduction 7 4.2 Early US standards for IN ' 73 4.2. INWATS, IN/ and IN/2 73 4.2.2 AIN 75 4.3 ITU-T IN CS- 76 4.3. IN CS- documents 77 4.3.2 IN 'benchmark' services 78 4.3.3 The IN conceptual model 80 4.4 ETSI Core INAP and CS-R 85 4.5 IN and mobile systems 85 4.5. The role of IN with GSM 85 4.5.2 CAMEL 86 4.5.3 CAMEL Phase 87 4.5.4 CAMEL Phase 2 89
Contents vii 4.5.5 Future CAMEL phases 89 4.5.6 Wireless intelligent networking (WIN) 89 4.6 ITU-T IN CS-2 90 4.6. Extra functions provided in CS-2 90 4.6.2 Service plane for IN CS-2 92 4.6.3 Global functional plane for IN CS-2 92 4.6.4 CS-2 distributed functional plane 93 4.6.5 IN CS-2 documents 95 4.6.6 Physical plane for IN CS-2 95 4.7 ITU-T IN CS-3 97 4.7. IN CS-3 documents 97 4.8 ITU-T IN CS-4 97 4.8. Alliance between IN and Internet telephony 98 4.8.2 Interworking between CS-4 and other networks 98 4.8.3 Service application gateway function 99 4.8.4 Service control gateway function 00 4.8.5 CS-4 service features 0 4.8.6 IN CS-4 documents 0 5 Call party handling 03 5. Introduction 03 5.. Early 'leg control' network functions 05 5.2 The CS-2 call model 06 5.2. Legs and connection points 07 5.2.2 CS-2 core switch capabilities 08 5.2.3 The connection view model states 09 5.2.4 Information flows supporting CPH 3 5.3 Call party handling - A renewal of IN? 6 6 Distributed intelligence 9 6. Distribution of intelligence for network efficiency 20 6.2 Distribution of intelligence across open network interfaces 2 6.3 A model for distributed IN 22 6.3. Infrastructure APIs 26 6.4 Object request brokers for network intelligence 26 6.5 The Parlay API 27 6.5. Background 27 6.5.2 What is the Parlay API? 28 6.5.3 Parlay specifications 29 6.6 TINA 3 6.6. TINA roles and reference points 3 6.6.2 The TINA architecture 32 6.6.3 TINA specifications 36 6.6.4 Relationship between IN and TINA 37 7 Service examples 39 7. Simple number translations - Freephone service 39 7.. Inter-network Freephone 4
viii Contents 7..2 More complex number translations - Geographical routing 43 7.2 Personal numbering 43 7.3 Incoming call screening 44 7.4 Least cost routing 46 7.5 A virtual private network (VPN) service example 48 7.6 A directory enquiry call completion service 5 7.6. IN distribution of operator calls 5 7.6.2 Automated response and call completion service 52 7.6.3 Call completion service summary 56 7.7 Call gapping 57 7.8 Activate service filtering 58 7.9 Simple CTI (computer-telephony integration) 58 7.0 CAMEL calls 60 7.0. An outgoing CAMEL call 60 7.0.2 An incoming CAMEL call 62 7.0.3 Pre-pay mobile service 63 7. IN control for Internet dial-up access 65 8 Concluding summary 67 8. IN today - How did we get here? 67 8.. Financial justification 68 8..2 Vendor control 69 8..3 Legacy switch-based features 69 8.2 Tomorrow's intelligent network 70 8.2. Future services 70 References 73 Appendix : List of ITU-T IN documents 77 Appendix 2: Additional CS- INAP operations 79 Appendix 3: Example SS7 message sequence coding 8 Glossary 205