Centrifugal Water Chillers Scott Meyerkord Trane Account Manager
Chilled Water System
absorption centrifugal helical-rotary
Centrifugal Water Chillers
Centrifugal Water Chillers Components
components of a Centrifugal Water Chiller compressor motor condenser 6 evaporator control panel starter
Compressor
Impeller blades
Multistage Compressor
Multistage Compressor impellers inlet vanes
Centrifugal Compressor volute diffuser passage impeller passages
centrifugal compressor Energy Conversion velo ocity refrigerant enters diffuser static pre essure refrigerant enters impeller refrigerant fi enters volute path through compressor
Condenser refrigerant vapor baffle cooling tower water tube bundle liquid refrigerant
expansion device Orifice Plates orifice plates to evaporator H 1
expansion device Orifice Plates orifice plates to evaporator H 2
2-stage chiller Economizer refrigerant vapor to second stage of compression orifice liquid refrigerant from condenser liquid refrigerant to evaporator
3-stage chiller Economizer refrigerant vapor to third stage of compression refrigerant vapor to second stage of compression orifice liquid refrigerant from condenser orifice liquid refrigerant to evaporator
Evaporator tube bundle liquid refrigerant chilled water return liquid distributor ib t eliminator orifice system
Motor motor motor gear-drive impeller impellers direct-drive gears
Hermetic Motor Cooling stator tt rotor liquid refrigerant drain
Controls and Starter control panel starter
Centrifugal Water Chillers Refrigeration Cycle
2-stage centrifugal chiller Refrigeration Cycle 2-stage compressor economizer evaporator condenser expansion devices
Refrigerant Operating Pressures HCFC-22 HFC-134a pres ssure HCFC-123 atmospheric pressure temperature
Low-Pressure Chillers compressor suction elbow evaporator
Purge System
Centrifugal Water Chillers Maintenance Considerations
Maintenance Considerations Operating log Mechanical components Heat-transfer surfaces Fluid analysis
operating log ASHRAE Guideline 3 Chilled water inlet and outlet Oil pressures, temperature, temperatures and pressures and levels Chilled water flow Record refrigerant activity, Evaporator refrigerant temperature and pressures Motor voltage and amperage Evaporator approach Purge activity temperature Condenser water inlet and outlet temperatures and pressures Condenser water flow Condenser refrigerant temperature and pressures Condenser approach temperaturet
maintenance considerations Mechanical Components Recommended d Maintenance Hermetic Compressor and motor: no routine maintenance required. Compressor teardown / overhaul inspection every 8 to 10 years or 25,000 to 30,000 operating hours Temperature Controls: no routine maintenance calibration required Visually inspect overall unit Inspect safety controls and electrical components Service motor starters: t Tighten electrical l connections, service contractors, megger test motor, visual inspection of transition resistors. Pressurize and leak test annually or as indicated by the purge rate
maintenance considerations Mechanical Components Other design-specific requirements Remove oil sample for Lab Analysis: Change oil when oil analysis dictates Replace oil filter annually or as required Replace purge filter drier annually Visual Inspection of Condenser Tubes Annually Check operation of oil sump heater
maintenance considerations Heat Transfer Surfaces Recommended maintenance Use a qualified water treatment specialist Clean condenser tubes as needed, mechanical brush cleaning annually Clean water-side pump strainers Test tubes every 3 years
maintenance considerations Tube Analysis Eddy Current Testing Test evaporator tubes every 4-5 years Test condenser tubes every 2-3 years
Fluid Analysis Oil analysis Conduct annual analysis to verify system integrity
Oil Analysis Why perform regular oil analysis? Helps reduce maintenance costs Detects problems without compressor disassembly Extends service life of oil charge Reduces environmental problems related to oil disposal Helps maintain compressor efficiency and reliability
Oil Analysis Analytical l Data
Oil Analysis Written Recommendations
Oil Analysis Graphical Representation of Data