SPACE TECHNOLOGY IN VIETNAM Tran Manh Tuan Coordination Center for Space Technology Applications (CCSTA) Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)
Contents A. Review of some Space Technology activities in Viet Nam. B. Comment on the main theme of APRSAF- 12. C. About the mini project: Application of Satellite and GIS Data for change detection of Landcover/Land-use in Coastal Zone of Vietnam. D. Some images of Hanoi from Space.
VIETNAM HaNoi Capital Vietnam is located in South-East Asia Area: Population: 329,560 km2 (65th) 2005 estimate 83,535,576 (13th) Climate: The climate is tropical and monsoonal; humidity averages 84 percent throughout the year. Topography: Three quarters of Vietnam's territory consist of mountains and hills. Administrative Units: Vietnam is divided into 64 provinces and cities Natural hazards: typhoons, flash flood; extensive flooding in the Mekong River Delta, drought in the centre of VN.
Vietnamese cosmonaut Space Technology has been introduced into Vietnam since 1980 by the UNDP s projects to promote utilization satellite data in survey, and particularly by the joint Soviet Union - Vietnam space flight. Cosmonaut Pham Tuan joined People s Army of Viet Nam Air Force since 1965. On the night of December 27, 1972, he shot down a US B-52 bomber circling over the Ha Noi sky, becoming the first person ever to do so. With his great military exploit, Pham Tuan was selected to take part in the joint Vietnam Soviet Union flight for the study of space for peaceful purposes.
Pham Tuan and Eugene H Trinh
Pham Tuan and Eugene HC Trinh Born on February 14, 1947, in Thai Binh province (VN). Pham Tuan along with soviet cosmonaut Viktor Gorbatko was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome on July 23, 1980 on board Soyuz 3. They were to service the Salyut 6 station. During his time in orbit Pham Tuan performed experiments on the melting of mineral samples in microgravity and carried out plant experiments on azola. The National Centre for Scientific Research of Vietnam( now renamed VAST) was responsible to prepare these experiments. Was the first Vietnamese cosmonaut, the first Asian in the space. Currently, Lieutenant General Pham Tuan is the Head of National Defense Industry Agency. Born on September 14, 1950 in Sai gon (now renamed as H.C.M City). He was raised from the age of two in Paris (France) and has lived in United States since 1968. Doctorate of Philosophy in Applied Physics from Yale University in 1977. Was payload specialist crew member on the STS-50/US Microgravity Lab- 1 Space shuttle in 1992. Was the first Vietnamese-American cosmonaut. Published over 40 reviewed articles and authored as many conference papers in the areas of Fluid Dynamics, Acoustics, Materials Science and Microgravity science and technology. Director of the Physical Sciences Research Division in the Biological and Physical Enterprise at NASA headquarters
Remote Sensing So far, there are many RS departments in: VAST: Institute of Physics, Institute of Geology, Institute of Geography, Institute of Oceanography, etc. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD): Forest Inventory and Planning Institute (FIPI), National Institute of Agricultural Planning and Projection (NIAPP), etc. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE): Remote Sensing Center (RSC).
Remote Sensing The Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) is requested to draft The Master Plan for application and development of remote sensing technology in Vietnam up to year 2010. The draft of the Master Plan is submitted to the Government for approval. The 26 th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing ACRS2005 will be held in Hanoi on 7-11 November 2005 (http:// www.acrs2005.ac.vn).
VINASAT project Currently, Viet Nam spends about $8-10 million annually to transmit and receive signals via foreign owned satellites. The Vietnam Post and Telecommunication Corporation (VNPT) has leased transponder from ASIASAT-2 for VSAT network development.
VINASAT Project The Vietnam Television (VTV) leased transponder of Thailand s Thaicom and Russia s Intersputnik. The Voice of Vietnam radio, Vietnam Aviation Department and Vietsopetro leased transponder of Indonesia s Palapa satellite and of Intersputnik satellite.
VINASAT Project Vietnam s growing economy required significant increases in demand for telecomunications. services.viet Nam is currently in need of a medium size satellite with 20-28 transponders. The satellite must ensure adequate coverage for the television, aviation, communications and petroleum sectors. The expected orbital slot for VINASAT is 1320 East. Vietnam Post and Telecommunications Corporation (VNPT) has been assigned by the government of Vietnam to be an investor in this project.
VINASAT Project The VINASAT project for launching the first Vietnamese communication satellite is initiated in 1995. The pre-feasibility study of the VINASAT project is approved in 1998. The National Steering Committee for VINASAT project headed by one Deputy Prime Minister has established on May 1999.
VINASAT Project The feasibility study of VINASAT is approved on the end of 2002. The international bidding of VINASAT is carried out in July 2003. But the first communication satellite of Viet Nam VINASAT won t be launched in 2005 as planned. The delay comes amid Vietnam s unfinished negotiations with partner nations regarding the satellite s orbit position.
Strategy for Research and applications of Space Technology up to 2020 In June 2002, the Prime Minister asked VAST in collaboration with MOST and relevant ministries to elaborate the strategy. After 3 years of discussion and revision, now the final draft of the strategy has submitted to the PM for approval in this quarter of 2005.
Strategy for research and applications of Space Technology: main tasks/projects VINASAT project (Ministry of Posts and Telematics). Receiving ground station, satellite data centre (MONRE). Small satellite project (VAST). Space Technology Institute (VAST). Viet Nam Space Commission (VAST).
Strategy for research and applications of Space Technology: main tasks/projects National Research Programme on Space Technology (MOST). Space Technology specialists training (Ministry of Training and Education).
Natural Resources and Environment Monitoring System Project MONRE has submitted this project. The technical system of the project consists of: Viet Nam ground station (VNGS); National Data Center (NDC); Data Utilization Systems (DUS). The VNGS uses multi sensor receiving technology of EADS (European Aeronautic Defense and Space company). The VNGS is located at Tu liem district (Hanoi) and will be operating from the end of year 2007 under the management of Remote Sensing Centre (RSC).
Small satellite project VAST has submitted to the PM a prefeasibility study of the project in 2001. But, this project was temporally stop until the Strategy for research and applications of Space Technology will be approved. VAST proposes to participate a constellation of small satellites for monitoring disaster, if any, in the period (2006-2010).
Establishment the Viet Nam Space Commission (VNSC) VAST s proposal: to establish Viet Nam Space Commission with the following tasks: To co-ordinate all space activities implementing the projects or tasks of the Strategies. To represent of Viet Nam in participating space activities and organizations. Minister of Science and Technology will be the President of VNSC. President of VAST will be standing Deputy President of VNSC. The deputy ministers of ministries relevant are members of VNSC.
Establishment the Space Technology Institute (STI) STI will be establish as the 19 th national institute of the Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology.
Conclusion To develop Space Technology, besides the mobilizing all internal resources, Viet Nam needs the experiences and technology from developed countries through bilateral or multilateral cooperation.
Comment on the main theme of APRSAF-12 Under the main theme entitled Maximizing Space Benefits for the Society, we agree to focus on the use of space technology to cope with environment problems, to prevent and to mitigate risks of disasters. During the recent years, natural disasters occurred more frequent in the world, particularly in Asian region, including Viet Nam and caused serious aftermath. Here, we refer the tropical storm Damrey which cause a flash flood in Yen Bai province.
Tropical Storm Damrey Track (26-27/9/2005)
Do Son (Hai Phong) in Damrey tropical storm
Thinh Long (Nam Dinh) in Damrey tropical storm
Damrey damages Vietnam s sea dyke
Landslides cut off road section
After the flash flood
Tropical Storm Damrey 69 people were killed and 28 injured by the storm and resulting floods and landslide that stuck the northern mountain provinces. 4,746 houses were washed; 113,523 houses were submerged. 77,841 m of sea and river dykes were damaged. 318,945 ha of rice and subsidiary food crops were destroyed. Loss are estimated at 3,5 trillion VND. The co-operation had helped keep losses to a minimum. But the forecast flash floods was still inadequate. How to use space technology efficiently to forecast flash flood and landslide?
Mini Project 2004 2005 (sponsored by JAXA) Application of Satellite and GIS Data for change detection of Land-cover and Land use in Coastal Zone of Vietnam
Mini Project The Space Technology Application Center- Institute of Physics and Electronics (VAST) in co-operation with the Geoinformatics Centre- Asian Institute of Technology is conducting this project. Data used: MOS-MESSR 90 & 94, JERS- OPS 94&97, Landsat ETM 2001& 2002. The Multispectral Electronic Self-Scanning Radiometer (MESSR) is onboard the Marine Observation Satellite (MOS). The Optical Sensor(OPS) is onboard the Japanese Earth Resources Satellite (JERS).
Phase I (2004): Application of Satellite & GIS Data for change detection of land-use in coastal zone of Vietnam Use of Japanese satellite data for coastal zone monitoring to detect changes in land-use (mangrove). Identify land-cover types (being extracted from Satellite data). Setup the methodology & Procedure for landuse mapping of Vietnam coastal zone using satellite data
Phase II (2005): RS & GIS Data for Coastal land-use planning Studying the temporal land-cover changes. Generating land-use planning maps. Producing a methodology for land-use planning in coastal zone.
Methodology Collecting Satellite and ancillary data Image processing & analysis to produce draft land-use maps Field Survey Update GIS database GIS analysis Reporting
Results Phase I: The land-use maps of the study area for 4 years calculate changing in land-use structure (temporal). Analyzing of the changes Phase II: (Expected products) Land-cover change maps of coastal zone (temporal). Flood hazard maps of river runoff. Land-use planning for coastal zone.
MOS-MESSR color composites R:4, G:2, B:1 Field Survey I:
Results I: Land-use map of the study area in 2001, derived from the mosaic of two Landsat ETM images of 11/12/2001 and 5/2/2002. Forest land changed to other land-use groups in 1990-2001
Field Surveys II
Some images of Hanoi from Space
Ba dinh Square, Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum
President palace and government building
The municipal theatre
Dong Xuan Market and old streets of Hanoi
Hoan Kiem Lake at the center of Hanoi
Hanoi Railway Station
Cultural Palace
Thang long international village
My Dinh National Stadium
Thank you for attention