2014 Salary Report
Contents Introduction Page 2 Definition of Salary Page 5 Definition of Functions Page 6 Market Overview Page 8 Survey Results Page 9 Summary Page 11 About 3P Energy Partners Page 12 2014 Salary Report Page 1 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
Introduction 3P Energy Partners operate exclusively within the upstream oil and gas industry. Our expertise lies in the provision of Geologists, Geophysicists, Petrophysicists, Reservoir Engineers, Petroleum Engineers, Production Engineers / Technologists, Drilling and Completions Engineers, Facilities / Project Engineers and HSE professionals to our global partners in the exploration and production sector. The purpose of the 2014 Salary Report is to provide an up-to-date review of the international oil and gas employment market. This report covers current trends, salary benchmarking and wage disparities across the regions, as well as the most common reasons that employees leave their place of employment. Our target market included 1,840 upstream oil and gas professionals in both technical (65.2%) and managerial (34.8%) positions based in North America (54.35%), UK (2.2%), Europe (6.52%), Australia (10.9%), Asia (4.4%), Africa (6.5%) and the Middle East (15.4%). 35% UPSTREAM PROFESSIONALS Technical Managerial 65% PRIMARY WORK REGION North America 54% UK 2% Africa 7% Asia 4% Australia 11% Europe 7% Middle East 15% The majority of respondents (26.1%) are primarily engaged in Geology, while 23.9% specialize in Drilling and Completions, 17.4% are primarily involved in Geophysics and 15.2% identified their job function as Reservoir and Petroleum Engineering. GLOBAL MOBILITY JOB FUNCTIONS People working within their region of residence 39% Commercial - Business Development Engineering - Drilling & Completions Engineering - Facilities & Processing Engineering - Reservoir & Petroleum Engineering - Production & Operations 18% 7% 4% 24% People working outside of their region of residence 61% Geoscience - Geology Geoscience - Geophysics Geoscience - Petrophysics Heath Safety & Environment Other 26% 2% 15% 4% 2014 Salary Report Page 2 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
7% 11% 0-1 years 1-5 years 39% 2014 Salary Report 6-10 years 17% 11-15 years 16-20 years Most respondents (39.1%) have more than 20 years of experience, while 34.8% have 6 15 years, 17.4% 9% 17% 21+ years have 0 5 years, and 8.7% have 16 20 years of experience. YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 7% 11% 0-1 years 1-5 years 39% 17% 6-10 years 11-15 years 16-20 years 21+ years 9% 17% Nearly half of the respondents (47.8%) hold an MBA or Masters, 39.1% have a Bachelors or Undergraduate Degree, less than one tenth (8.7%) have a PhD or doctorate and 4.3% have a high school diploma or less. EDUCATION 9% 2% 2% None T I T L E / S E N I O R I T Y 9% 7% 13% 15% 48% 15% High School Graduate Bachelor Degree or 39% Undergraduate Degree Owner / Executive / C-Level MBA or Masters Senior Management PHD / MD / JD or Middle Management International equivalent Senior Technical Intermediate The majority of the respondents (41.3%) are at a Senior Technical level within their organization. More than 19% are either Owners, Executives 41% or Senior Management and 15.2% Entry are Level Middle Management. More than 15% are Intermediate and less than 9% are Entry Level. TITLE/SENIORITY 15% 9% 7% 13% Owner / Executive / C-Level Senior Management Middle Management 15% Senior Technical Intermediate Entry Level 41% 2014 Salary Report Page 3 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
Respondents were asked to provide their work status: 82.6% reported that they are full-time employees, 2.7% are part-time, 10.3% are on rotation and 4.4% are self-employed. WORK STATUS 9% 9% Full Time Part Time Rotation 82% More than half of the respondents represent the onshore sector (55.81%), while about one fifth represent the offshore sector (20.93%) and just under a quarter of the respondents (23.26%) represent both industries. SECTOR 23% Onshore 56% Offshore Other 21% According to the survey, there is a relatively normal distribution of employees working at different sizes of company. More than a quarter of respondents (32.6%) work for a small company with between 0 20 employees and more than a quarter (30.4%) work for a larger organization with >2000 employees. 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% SIZE OF ORGANIZATION 0.00% 0-20 21-100 101-500 501-1000 1001-2000 2000+ 2014 Salary Report Page 4 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
Definition of Salary An individual s salary package refers to their annual base salary or fees, guaranteed and/or anticipated bonus, commission earnings or allowances, and benefits. Basic salary, or base pay, refers to an individual s annual fixed income, i.e. the amount paid to an employee prior to any additional performance, overtime, or other payouts are added to the salary. Base pay is usually paid to the employee on a monthly or bimonthly basis. Bonus payments, or incentive-based compensation, is extra compensation or shares paid to an employee as a reward for meeting measured performance goals. Short Term Incentive Plans (STIPs) are typically tied to an employee s individual performance over a given timeframe and are paid on an annual, quarterly or project-related basis. Long Term Incentive Plans (LTIPs), on the other hand, are typically based on the company s performance or on an employee s tenure with the company, i.e. stock options that vest over a certain period of time. Benefits typically include a pension or retirement plan, vacation time or paid time off (PTO), health coverage, and other savings plans. In most countries, employers are required to contribute a certain percentage of their employee s annual base salary to their retirement fund. NB: Data collected in local currencies have been converted to US dollars (USD) using the exchange rate as of 20 April 2014, which is the effective date of this year s data. Salary information and other data in the report are entirely self-reported. 2014 Salary Report Page 5 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
Definition of Functions 3P focuses on the provision of Geologists, Geophysicists, Petrophysicists, Reservoir Engineers, Petroleum Engineers, Production Operations, Drilling and Completions Engineers, Facilities / Project Engineers and HSE professionals to our global partners in the exploration & production sector. Geologists Petroleum Geologists conduct research on the kind of rock below the ground s surface to determine if it is organically rich enough to hold precursors to hydrocarbons. They are involved with the exploration, development and production of oil and gas, specifically by mapping or searching for oil and gas locations. Exploration / New Ventures Geologists are tasked with exploring new basins and often work with very minimal data, relying on studies of similar depositional settings rock types, burial history, and tectonics to support their studies and recommendations. Development Geologists conduct basin modeling and history matching in order to create field development plans and recommend drilling locations in core areas that are relatively close to existing producing wells. Production Geologists are responsible for the continued production of various existing oil and gas wells, i.e. picking perforation intervals and suggest recompletions for existing wellbores. Operations Geologists are typically on-site studying rock cuttings, core samples and wireline data from oil and gas wells to conduct real-time or measure-while-drilling (MWD) analysis. Geophysicists Geophysicists utilize mathematical methods to create a greater picture of the reservoir by sampling (acquiring), processing, and interpreting seismic data that link the quantifiable physical properties of the earth s structure to the characteristics of the geological formation. Geophysicists take into account the Earth s geological structure and tectonics, i.e. rock formations, as well as fluid dynamics, such as gravitational, electric and magnetic fields. Geophysicists are responsible for the integration of well, seismic, geological and other field data to conduct hydrocarbon volume assessments and risking processes in order to evaluate new acreage opportunities and/or growth areas around existing assets. They also construct and support economic analyses for value-of-data, risk mitigation, and hydrocarbon exploitation. Petrophysicists Petrophysicists incorporate the data of reservoir engineers and geoscientists to better understand the rock properties of the reservoir, i.e. the lithology, porosity, water saturation, permeability and density, in order to understand the deposits that trap and allow hydrocarbons to migrate. They typically have an understanding of open and cased-hole log applications, interpretation, and core analysis in order to provide support for logging operations. They utilize wireline or logging-while-drilling (LWD) methods to understand downhole properties, in addition to utilizing reservoir studies to create a complete picture of the reservoir. Reservoir / Petroleum Engineers Reservoir or Petroleum Engineers play a central role in evaluating the production potential of a field and developing plans to optimize the extraction of hydrocarbons. This is known as field development planning, which involves recommending well placement and cost-effective reservoir depletion schemes (such as waterflooding or gas injection) in order to enhance the flow of hydrocarbons to the pipeline and maximize recovery. Reservoir Engineers conduct numerical reservoir simulation modeling, well testing, workover planning, economic modeling, and decline and PVT analysis to study the physical behavior of the reservoir s properties. This enables them to evaluate potential risks and estimate the recoverable volumes of hydrocarbons, which is reported to the SEC. 2014 Salary Report Page 6 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
Production and Operations Production Operations Engineers manage the interface between the reservoir and the well in order to increase production revenue and lower operating costs. They conduct integrated asset modeling or flow assurance analysis and observe perforations, sand control, downhole flow control, and downhole monitoring equipment in order to optimize completion design and injection or artificial lift methods. They also perform surveillance of the field to evaluate the overall production performance and ensure that the operations are compliant with environmental code. Drilling and Completions Engineers Drilling and Completions Engineers ensure that the design and operations of drilling programs are safe and cost-efficient. Drilling and Completions Engineers work closely with the operations teams and service providers to manage the technical aspects of the rig, i.e. casing sizes, setting depths, drilling fluids, directional drilling, and drill bit programs. Drilling Engineers work on the design of well programs, including cost-estimates, blow-out prevention and formation evaluation. Completions Engineers are tasked with implementing optimization design techniques to maximize production. Process and Facilities Engineers Process and Facilities Engineers are charged with the design, construction and maintenance of utilities and systems to transport, and the storage and processing of hydrocarbons once they have been extracted from the ground. They focus on quality control, scheduling and budgets, and are responsible for equipment and systems from the wellhead to the delivery point of oil and gas. Process Engineers focus on the design and construction projects of facilities. During the design phase, they work closely with specialized mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineers, as well as Production Operations Engineers and HSE professionals (see below) to ensure that the design is up to code. Facilities Engineers, on the other hand, tend to be tasked with overall optimization of the operating system and are required to troubleshoot issues in new and existing oil and gas facilities. Facilities Engineers often work with Reservoir and Petroleum Engineers to discuss capacity issues. Health, Safety and Environment Professionals Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) professionals are responsible for ensuring that the oil and gas drilling operations are compliant with government regulations and safety codes. They provide guidelines for the safe production and treatment of oil and gas resources. Their responsibilities include implementing safety programs, inspecting and maintaining equipment and identifying potential hazards. They must possess knowledge of health and safety laws, industrial processes, chemistry, and mechanics. HSE professionals can either work in-house or represent a government agency, such as the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and are responsible for reporting on the safety of the equipment, buildings, procedures, chemical use of handling, as well as records of past issues or accidents. Commercial / Business Development Professionals Business / Commercial Analysts, Economists, and third-party evaluation professionals are tasked with assessing and improving the financial efficiency of an organization. They are responsible for financial analysis involving working capital/cash flow, market variances, A&D activity, key performance indicators, financial modeling, and reporting. They compare the company s performance against their competitors to gain a better understanding of the company s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and then present their analysis to the senior management team. Identifying new market opportunities and maintaining existing relationships are the keys to business development and the creation of long-term value for an organization. 2014 Salary Report Page 7 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
Market Overview Salaries differed across the globe due to fluctuating commodity prices, government regulation, variable costs of living and the availability, or lack thereof, of pipelines and/or storage facilities. However, one trend remains consistent: the increasing competition for skilled oil and gas professionals. Australian salaries are, on average, the highest, in correlation with the higher cost of living and personal income tax rates as well as an advancement in natural gas production. According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), Australia was the third largest exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in 2012. The spike in natural gas production and LNG capacity is a result of the decline in oil production from mature basins since 2000. Australia is increasingly dependent on oil imports and new natural gas developments, including coal seam gas (CSG) and shale. However, companies producing CSG and LNG have failed to cooperate in the development of their processing infrastructure, which means that projects and subsequent hiring in the oil and gas sector, have been ramping down since late 2013. The oil and gas job market in the United States is projected to experience unparalleled growth in 2014 due to the enhancement of operational efficiency and facility expansion in areas such as North Dakota and California, which are enjoying the successes of the shale boom. An IHS Global Insight Report described the US market as an improving economy 1.7 million jobs were created by unconventional oil and gas production in 2012, anticipated to grow to 2.5 million by 2015 and nearly 3.5 million by 2035. The Petroleum Human Resources Council of Canada predicts a 9-20% increase of upstream and midstream professionals by 2022. As gas prices make a slow recovery, the stress on the Canadian job market is lifting. However, if the Northern Gateway and Energy East pipelines get the green light, then we may see a significant shift in this trend. Delays in major projects such as the Keystone Pipeline project threaten more than 42,000 construction jobs. The British Government lifted the moratorium on shale gas fracking in December 2012. The British Geological Survey estimates between 822Tcf and 2,281 Tcf of natural gas in the Bowland Basin and in May 2013 a report by the UK s Institute of Directors estimated that shale gas in the UK could create approximately 74,000 new jobs. Other parts of Europe, such as Norway and the Netherlands also seem optimistic due to the anticipated growth of offshore infrastructure in the North Sea. However, in Eastern Europe, the market is stalling due to tensions between Russia and the Ukraine. Large international and stateowned operators with interests in the Skifska gas field have put the exploration project in the Black Sea on hold. Emerging markets such as Asia, The Middle East and Africa anticipate continued growth in the petroleum industry. China is the world's second-largest oil consumer behind the United States. The US Energy Information Administration projects that China will surpass the United States as the largest net oil importer by 2014, in part due to China's rising oil consumption. The Middle Eastern oil and gas job market continues to grow despite political uncertainty in the region. The Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC) saw as much as a 25% increase in hiring levels in 2012. The African continent has experienced limited success in oil and natural gas exploration until recently. Kenya, having always played a vital role in the region as an oil transit hub, is seeking to strengthen its role by making a multi-million dollar investment in its midstream and downstream capacity. The increase in jobs across all regions can be attributed to differing commodity prices, regulatory environments, enhanced technology and increased construction. Employers are now faced with the challenges associated with the increased global demand for skilled petroleum professionals with between 2014 Salary Report Page 8 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
5 20 years of experience. Employers are now forced to utilize international candidate mobility and recruitment drives as well as deploying retention tactics, such as LTIPs and career development. Survey Results Average Base Pay: Geoscience (Geologists, Geophysicists and Petrophysicists) Years of Experience HIGH AVERAGE LOW 0 5 $145,000 $110,000 $60,000 6 10 $180,000 $134,000 $119,000 11 15 $215,000 $151,000 $120,000 16 20 $230,000 $191,000 $165,000 21+ $260,000 $206,000 $179,000 Average Base Pay: Engineers (Reservoir / Petroleum, Production / Operations, Drilling & Completions, Facilities & Process) Years of Experience HIGH AVERAGE LOW 0 5 $131,000 $93,000 $72,000 6 10 $169,000 $138,000 $91,000 11 15 $202,000 $173,000 $131,000 16 20 $234,000 $184,000 $157,000 21+ $255,000 $195,000 $173,000 Average Basic Pay: Commercial, Finance and Business Development Years of Experience HIGH AVERAGE LOW 0 5 $125,000 $82,000 $64,000 6 10 $185,000 $136,000 $126,000 11 15 $206,000 $136,000 $126,000 16 20 $247,000 $202,000 $168,000 21+ $263,0000 $220,000 $184,000 Average Basic Pay: Health, Safety & Environment Years of Experience HIGH AVERAGE LOW 0 5 $106,000 $93,000 $66,000 6 10 $137,000 $115,000 $78,000 11 15 $167,000 $141,000 $133,000 16 20 $175,000 $156,000 $147,000 21+ $193,000 $164,000 $157,000 Average Basic Pay: Management Seniority HIGH AVERAGE LOW Middle Management $270,000 $255,000 $222,000 Senior Management $322,000 $290,000 $226,000 Owner or Executive $363,000 $286,000 $252,000 2014 Salary Report Page 9 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
This survey reveals correlations between an individual s base salary and years of experience as well as highest level of education. BASE SALARY VS. YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 5 4 3 2 1 0 0-1 1-5 years 6-10 years 11-15 years 16-20 years >20 years 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% BASIC SALARY VS. QUALIFICATION Bachelors Masters PHD High School Grad We did not find a significant correlation between an individual s base salary and title. There appeared to be a greater correlation between an individual s title and their access to other forms of remuneration including bonus and equity. However, we did see a correlation between an individual s title and years of experience. YEARS OF EXPERIENCE VS. TITLE / SENIORITY 10 8 6 4 2 0 Entry Level Intermediate Middle Management Senior Management Senior Technical Owner/Executive/ C-Level 0-1 years 1-5 years 6-10 years 11-15 years 16-20 years 20+ 2014 Salary Report Page 10 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
There were also correlations between the years of experience and the decision to work on a full time, part time, or rotational basis. YEARS OF EXPERIENCE VS. WORK SCHEDULE 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0-1 years 1-5 years 6-10 years 11-15 years 16-20 years 20+ Part Time Rotation Full Time Summary o The average respondent had more than 21 years of experience. o The average base salary for technical staff was $155,890. o The average bonus payment in 2013 was 11.35% o The average pension payment was 4.6% o The average anticipated salary increase of base salary payment for 2014 was 7.8% o The most common reasons for employees leaving their place of work were: career development, salary, and culture. o Increased competition for skilled workers on an international scale has led to an overall increase in global mobility. 2014 Salary Report Page 11 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC
About 3P Energy Partners 3P refers to the total amount of reserves in which a company has access, i.e. the sum of all Proven, Probable and Possible reserves. 3P Energy Partners prefer to head hunt candidates that are specific to our client s need. We are able to provide our clients with a broader talent pool by targeting probable and possible resources, i.e. head hunted candidates, as well as proven candidates, i.e. those who are actively seeking new opportunities. Functional Focus Geologists Geophysicists Petrophysicists Reservoir Engineers Petroleum Engineers Production Engineers Wellsite Operations Drilling Engineers Completions Engineers Facilities / Project Engineers Health, Safety and Environment Service Solutions Retained Search and Selection Permanent Placement Contract or Fixed Fee Offices Australia Suite 2, Level 2 Piccadilly Court 222 Pitt Street Sydney, NSW 2000 North America Mezzanine Level 113 N Church Street Visalia, CA 93291, USA United Kingdom Arena House 66-68 Pentonville Road London, N1 9HS, England Contact 3P Phone: +1 (559) 713 6336 Email: info@3penergypartners.com 2014 Salary Report Page 12 / 12 3P Energy Partners, LLC