2 Icome from property this chapter covers... I this chapter we will examie how icome from reted UK property is taxed. We will start by examiig what exactly is covered by the rules that we eed to lear, ad the see how the accruals basis is applied to this type of icome. We will look i detail at the expediture that is allowable that which ca reduce the taxable amout. We will cotrast this with disallowable expediture, ad see how a calculatio of taxable profit is carried out for both idividual ad multiple properties. Next we will examie how relief ca be claimed uder the ret a room scheme whe part of the home that a taxpayer occupies is reted out o a furished basis (for example to a lodger). We will see that this relief ca also apply to operatios that also supply services, like guest houses. Holiday lets are examied i the followig sectio. This is followed by a summary of how retal losses ca be offset. Fially we will illustrate completio of the tax retur supplemetary pages for UK property, ad summarise the records that should be kept by a ladlord or his aget.
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 1 H O W P R O P E R T Y I N C O M E I S TA X E D w h a t d o e s P r o p e r t y I c o m e c o v e r? Property icome ca iclude: icome from retig out lad icome from retig out ufurished property icome from retig out furished property The term property is used to mea buildigs, either residetial (flats, houses, etc) or commercial (offices etc). Furished holiday lettig icome is also taxed as property icome. The geeral rules that we will study i this chapter apply to holiday lettigs as well as other property retals. You may be asked to calculate the amout assessable relatig to oe or more properties that are reted out by a cliet. The cliet is usually the ower of the properties, but it would be possible for him to have reted them from aother ladlord. The ladlord may have bought the property specifically to ret out. This is kow as buy to let. There are special rules that ca apply whe someoe is retig out part of the house that they live i. We will examie this ret a room scheme later i the chapter. a c c r u a l s b a s i s o f c a l c u l a t i o You may remember from the last chapter that a basis of assessmet sets out the way that icome is calculated ad liked to tax years. The basis of assessmet for property icome is profits from lad ad property for the tax year, calculated o a accruals basis. This meas the icome should therefore relate to the tax year i which it will be assessed. For example, for the tax year 2014/15 this would be the period 6/4/14 to 5/4/15. You eed to be clear about the distictio betwee: the accruals basis that we use here. (This is the same basis that applies to statemets of profit or loss (icome statemets) uder ormal fiacial accoutig rules), ad the receipts (or cash) basis that does ot apply to this category, but applies (for example) to salaries ad wages Because property icome is calculated o a accruals basis, the assessable retal icome is that which relates to the tax year. So, for example, (assumig a ogoig teacy):
2. 2 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l if a teat had paid more tha oe year s worth of ret durig the tax year, oly the amout that related to the tax year would be assessable i the tax year if a teat had falle behid with his retal paymets, the amout that related to the tax year would still be assessable i that year, eve though it had t all bee received. This is provided the teat was able to pay it evetually Oe issue to be careful about is where a upaid amout of ret is cosidered irrecoverable. I these circumstaces the irrecoverable amout ca be deducted from the retal icome. This is exactly the same logic that occurs i fiacial accoutig, whe irrecoverable debts are writte off. Case Study M I N N I E S T R E E T: A S S E S S A B L E R E N T Miie Street rets out two ufurished properties to teats. Each has a mothly retal of 500, payable i advace o the 6th day of each moth. From Jauary 2014 owards, the followig rets were paid: The teat of property oe paid the ret o time every moth durig 2014. O 6 Jauary 2015 he paid six moths ret i advace sice he was goig o a log holiday. The teat of property two also paid the ret o time every moth durig 2014. Durig 2015 he failed to pay ay ret. He left the property o 5 March, without leavig a forwardig address or payig the ret that he owed. Miie has bee uable to locate him sice the. Property two was re-let to aother teat i May 2015. r e q u i r e d Calculate the assessable amout uder property icome for Miie Street for the tax year 2014/15. s o l u t i o The assessable amout for property oe is 12 x 500 = 6,000. The extra ret paid i advace by the teat that relates to the period after 6/4/2015 will be assessable i the followig tax year.
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 3 The assessable amout for property two is calculated as: Relatig to the period of occupatio 6/4/2014-5/3/2015 11 x 500 = 5,500 Less irrecoverable amouts (relatig to ret due i Jauary ad February but ot paid) 2 x 500 = 1,000 4,500 Sice property two is ot reted out i the period 6/3/2015 to 5/4/2015 there is o assessable amout for this moth. The total amout assessable as property icome for Miie Street for 2014/15 is therefore 6,000 + 4,500 = 10,500. E X P E N D I T U R E T H AT I S A L L O WA B L E Allowable expediture is expediture that ca be deducted from the retal icome to arrive at the assessable property icome. Note that some expediture that is quite proper from a accoutig poit of view may ot be allowable for taxatio purposes. This does ot mea that the accouts produced are ecessarily wrog, but we will eed to make adjustmets before they are suitable for our tax work. The geeral rule for expediture to be allowable i a property icome calculatio is that it must be: reveue rather tha capital i ature, ad wholly ad exclusively for the purpose of lettigs Allowable expediture may iclude: busiess rates, water rates ad coucil tax this would apply where the ladlord has paid these items, effectively o behalf of the teat the ret would have bee set at such a level to allow for the fact that the ladlord was payig this cost ret paid to a superior ladlord this would apply oly if the property did ot belog to the cliet, but was reted from someoe else, the situatio would therefore be oe of sublettig iterest paid o a loa or mortgage to buy the property this applies where the cliet is the ower; where paymets are made to the leder that iclude both iterest ad repaymet of the amout borrowed, oly the iterest part is allowable
2. 4 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l isurace ad maagemet expeses costs of advertisig for teats ogoig repairs, maiteace ad redecoratio costs (but ot those of a capital ature see ext page) irrecoverable ret (as discussed above) wear ad tear allowace, if the property is reted out o a furished basis Expediture that satisfies the above rules ad is icurred before the premises are reted out or i periods i betwee retal periods ( void periods) is also geerally allowable. However such expediture is ot allowed durig periods whe the property is used privately - for example whe a family member is livig there without payig ret. w e a r a d t e a r a l l o w a c e For furished residetial lettigs oly, wear ad tear allowace is a reflectio of the costs ivolved i providig ad maitaiig suitable furiture ad other items i the property. It is calculated as: 10% of the ret received (after deductig oly rates (geeral ad water) ad coucil tax (where applicable) from the ret) Wear ad tear allowace is a broad measure that is easy to calculate ad simply provides some recogitio that costs are icurred i the provisio of furiture. The logic for deductig rates or coucil tax before applyig the 10% i the calculatio is that the ret would have bee artificially icreased to cover them i the first place, sice they are ormally the teat s resposibility. It would therefore be ufair to allow more wear ad tear allowace just because the ladlord was effectively collectig ad payig out these amouts. Note that the calculatio does ot take accout of how much the ladlord speds o furiture, or how he depreciates it i his accouts. Where there is irrecoverable ret, this is deducted from the ret receivable before the 10% is applied. Wear ad tear allowace is ormally claimed through the UK Property pages of the self assessmet tax retur, as we will see later i this chapter. However, the time limit for makig the iitial claim is oe year after the 31 Jauary followig the ed of the tax year i.e. oe year after the olie retur is due. Wear ad tear allowace caot be claimed for holiday lets (see later i this chapter).
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 5 E X P E N D I T U R E T H AT I S N O T A L L O WA B L E Sice oly reveue expediture is allowable, it follows that ay capital expediture will ot be allowable. No-allowable capital expediture icludes the followig: the cost of the property itself together with ay furiture etc (uless reewals allowace is claimed). Also cosidered as capital will be the costs coected with the purchase, icludig the legal ad professioal fees ad Stamp Duty Lad Tax icurred i buyig the property the cost of improvemets. This will apply whe expediture is icurred i upgradig or extedig the property. For example, buildig a garage is a improvemet, as is the istallatio of cetral heatig where oe existed previously. Note that ormal ogoig repairs ad maiteace whe the property is simply brought back to its previous coditio are allowable the cost of reovatios carried out before a property is reted out for the first time. Oe argumet for viewig this expediture as capital is that the eed for the reovatios will have bee reflected i the lower purchase price of the property Other costs that are ot allowable iclude the followig: depreciatio of ay kid relatig to capital expediture expediture ot coected with the busiess of lettigs (for example, expediture o a private part of the property) C A L C U L AT I N G T H E P R O F I T O R L O S S U N D E R P R O P E R T Y I N C O M E To arrive at the profit or loss uder property icome we eed to: determie the assessable rets receivable, ad deduct ay allowable expediture The calculatio of the profit or loss is kow as a property icome computatio. d e a l i g w i t h a s i g l e p r o p e r t y We will ow preset a Case Study ivolvig a sigle property to show how this calculatio ca be carried out. We will use the iformatio regardig allowable expediture to help us (see pages 2.3 ad 2.4).
2. 6 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l Case Study U N A L O D G E : C A L C U L AT I N G A S S E S S A B L E P R O P E R T Y I N C O M E Ua Lodge rets out oe furished property. The followig is a statemet compiled from her accoutig records relatig to the period 6/4/2014-5/4/2015. Retal Icome Receivable 12,000 less expediture: Coucil Tax 800 Water Rates 400 Irrecoverable Ret 600 Isurace 300 Istallig Cetral Heatig 2,000 Depreciatio of Furiture 900 Maagig Aget s Charges 600 5,600 Profit 6,400 r e q u i r e d Calculate the assessable property icome for Ua Lodge. s o l u t i o We ca re-draft the profit statemet, icorporatig oly allowable expediture ad deductios as follows: Property Icome Computatio Retal Icome 12,000 less allowable expediture: Coucil Tax 800 Water Rates 400 Irrecoverable Ret 600 Isurace 300 Maagig Aget s Charges 600 Wear & Tear Allowace 1,020 3,720 Assessable 8,280 Notes The istallatio of cetral heatig is capital expediture, ad therefore ot allowable for tax purposes. Depreciatio is ever allowable. The wear ad tear allowace is calculated as: 10% x ( 12,000-600 irrecoverable ret - 800 coucil tax - 400 water rates) = 1,020.
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 7 s e v e r a l p r o p e r t i e s Whe there is more tha oe property, the best approach is to draw up a statemet with oe colum for each property. The additio of a total colum provides a meas of double-checkig your arithmetic, ad sets out the figures eeded for the tax retur. Each property ca the be dealt with i tur, ad the overall result icorporated ito oe property icome assessmet figure. If oe property the icurs a loss after adjustmet for tax purposes, it should be offset agaist the assessable profits from the other properties. Usig a columar format like this eables the et result to be calculated quite easily, as i the Case Study which follows. I a later sectio (page 2.13) we will go o to see how to deal with a situatio where the et effect of all the properties is a loss. Case Study A N D Y L O R D : P R O F I T S F R O M S E V E R A L P R O P E R T I E S Ady Lord rets out three properties i High Street. Property umber 1 is ufurished, while properties 2 ad 3 are furished. Ady has provided the followig statemet of icome ad expediture o the properties for the period 6/4/2014-5/4/2015. Property 1 Property 2 Property 3 Retal Icome 5,000 3,500 4,300 Less expeses: Coucil Tax 500-400 Loa Iterest 3,600 2,040 - Ret Payable - - 2,500 Property Isurace 200 200 200 Bad Debt 600 - - Roof Repairs 700 - - Other Repairs 2,900 450 200 Professioal Fees for Debt Recovery 150 - - Depreciatio 500 500 500 9,150 3,190 3,800 Profit / (Loss) (4,150) 310 500
2. 8 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l You have also determied the followig facts: property umber two was occupied ret-free by Ady s studet so util 5 September, whe it was let out commercially to a teat. The repairs were completed i December. The other expeses relate to the whole tax year the loa iterest relates to mortgages obtaied to purchase properties umber oe ad two the ret payable relates to property umber three that is ot owed by Ady Lord the bad debt ad the professioal fees for attempted debt recovery relate to a problem with a teat for property umber oe who left whilst owig ret. He caot be traced Roof Repairs relates to the cost of repairig damage that occurred durig a storm. This amout was ot covered by the isurace policy Other Repairs icludes 2,900 paid to build a porch o property umber oe r e q u i r e d Calculate the amout of assessable property icome. s o l u t i o Property 1 Property 2 Property 3 Total Retal Icome 5,000 3,500 4,300 12,800 Less allowable expeses: Coucil Tax 500-400 900 Loa Iterest 3,600 1,190-4,790 Ret Payable - - 2,500 2,500 Property Isurace 200 117 200 517 Bad Debt 600-600 Roof Repairs 700 - - 700 Other Repairs - 450 200 650 Professioal Fees for Debt Recovery 150 - - 150 Wear & Tear Allowace - 350 390 740 Assessable amout (750) 1,393 610 1,253
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 9 Notes Property umber two is oly reted out commercially for seve moths of the tax year. Therefore oly 7/12 of the loa iterest ad 7/12 of the property isurace expeses are allowable. The bad debt for property No. 1 is cosidered as irrecoverable ret ad is therefore allowable. The professioal fees for attemptig to recover the debt are wholly ad exclusively for the retal busiess ad therefore allowable. The roof repairs are allowable as reveue expediture. The other repairs are allowable, with the exceptio of the porch that is cosidered a improvemet ad therefore capital i ature. Depreciatio is ot allowable. The wear ad tear allowace is calculated as 10% of the ret less coucil tax. There is o wear ad tear allowace for property No.1, sice it is let ufurished. The loss for property No. 1 is offset agaist the profits o the other properties to give a property icome figure of 1,253. R E N T A R O O M R E L I E F So far we have examied the situatio where a taxpayer rets out a property that they are ot curretly livig i. Where a part of a idividual s ow home is let out o a furished basis, the a special relief, called ret a room relief ca be claimed. This ca apply whether the idividual ows or rets their home. The relief meas that gross icome (ie before expeses) of up to 4,250 would be tax free for a idividual. If the lettig is carried out by a married couple or civil partership i their home, the the relief is split so that each perso s relief is 2,125. The relief ca apply to (for example) retig out a spare room to a lodger, or offerig bed ad breakfast example If a married couple ret out their spare room to a lodger for 80 per week for the whole year, their combied gross icome from this would be 80 x 52 weeks = 4,160. Each idividual s share of the gross icome would be 2,080, ad therefore each could claim that their icome from this source was tax free.
2. 1 0 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l If goods or services (for example food ad / or laudry services) are provided i additio to the amout received just for the room, the the gross icome relates to the combied amout receivable. This could apply to lodgers, or to a guest house or bed ad breakfast operatio. example A idividual offers bed ad breakfast for 40 per ight per perso durig the summer moths. If the room(s) are used for 100 guest-ights he will have gross icome 40 x 100 = 4,000. Therefore ret a room relief ca be claimed, ad as the total icome is less that 4,250 it will all be tax free. Where the gross icome is more tha 4,250 per year, the the taxpayer has a choice: they ca claim ret a room relief which would mea that oly the excess of gross icome over 4,250 would be taxable (but o expeses could be claimed), or they ca igore ret a room relief ad calculate their profits from retig i the ormal way by deductig allowable expeses It would clearly make sese to choose the method that ivolves the lowest taxable amout! The time limit for makig a electio regardig whether ret a room relief is claimed is oe year after the 31 Jauary followig the ed of the tax year i.e. oe year after the olie retur is due. example A idividual rets out furished rooms i his house for a total of 7,000 per year. His allowable expeses based o apportioed heatig, lightig ad isurace costs amouts to 1,500 per year. He could claim ret a room relief, ad be taxed o 7,000 4,250 = 2,750. Alteratively he could elect to igore ret a room relief ad he would the be taxed o his retal profits calculated as follows: Gross Icome 7,000 less wear ad tear allowace (700) less other allowable expeses (1,500) Retal profit 4,800 I this situatio it is better to claim ret a room relief. Note that if ret a room relief is claimed o other deductios ca be claimed (ot eve wear ad tear allowace).
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 1 1 Case Study P I E R S S O U T H : R E N T A R O O M R E L I E F Piers South lets out part of his home durig the holiday seaso. He lives i part of the buildig ad uses the whole of the first floor for guest accommodatio. He charges 50 per guest per ight (icludig breakfast), ad i the curret tax year let out rooms for 250 guest-ights. His expeses for the whole buildig were: Heatig ad lightig 2,000 Isurace 500 Mortgage iterest 1,800 I additio he spet 1,300 o guests breakfast food, 500 o lauderig guest s beddig, ad 1,000 employig a part time cleaer for the guest rooms. The guest accommodatio is 40% of the buildig, ad this has bee agreed as a appropriate way to apportio relevat costs. Note that this situatio qualifies as furished holiday lettigs (see ext sectio) ad therefore wear ad tear allowace caot be claimed. r e q u i r e d Calculate the amouts that would be subject to icome tax if either (a) ret a room relief was claimed, or (b) ormal retal profit calculatios were carried out Recommed whether ret a room relief should be claimed for this tax year. s o l u t i o (a) claimig ret a room relief Gross Icome (250 x 50) 12,500 Ret a room relief (4,250) Assessable amout 8,250
2. 1 2 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l (b) ormal profit calculatio Gross Icome (250 x 50) 12,500 less: Breakfast food (1,300) Laudry expeses (500) Cleaer (1,000) Apportioed costs: Heatig ad lightig (2,000 x 40%) (800) Isurace (500 x 40%) (200) Mortgage iterest (1,800 x 40%) (720) Assessable amout 7,980 It is therefore better for Piers to use a ormal profit calculatio, ad ot claim ret a room relief i this case. H O L I D AY L E T S We used a example of holiday lets i the last case study, ad you ca see that whe the ormal profit calculatio is used the rules are geerally the same as for other property lettigs. However, the calculatio of the profit or loss o all holiday lets must be kept separate from other property retal. The followig are some of the mai icome tax poits about holiday lets or furished holiday lettigs as they are sometimes kow: holiday lets are eligible for ret a room relief if they are part of the idividual s mai home (as we have already see) mortgage iterest ca be claimed, except for the private part of a buildig although wear ad tear allowace caot be claimed for holiday lets, capital allowaces ca be claimed o (for example) furiture ad equipmet (we do t eed to cosider the calculatio of capital allowaces for this study area) pesio cotributios ca be claimed i respect of the icome from holiday lets (i a similar way to employmet icome see Chapter 4) a differet page o the tax retur is completed for holiday lets
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 1 3 Holiday lets could apply to (for example): bed ad breakfast lettigs holiday cottages that are reted out caravas that are reted out To qualify as a holiday let, the operatio must be carried out commercially with a view to makig a profit. Lettig out a taxpayer s ow holiday home just to help with costs would ot qualify. I additio, the accommodatio must be available for public lettig for at least 210 days a year, ad be actually let for at least 105 days. To qualify as a holiday let, the same teat would ot ormally occupy the property for a cotiuous period of more tha 31 days. D E A L I N G W I T H P R O P E R T Y L O S S E S Earlier i this chapter we saw how a loss whe retig oe property is offset agaist profits for other properties i the same tax year, provided they are of a similar type, ie holiday let or o-holiday let. However, if either there are o other properties with profits i that tax year, or the et result from all the properties is a loss the the followig occurs: the property icome assessmet for the tax year is il, ad the loss must be carried forward util there is sufficiet future property icome to offset it The property loss ca oly be set agaist future property icome. If there are isufficiet property icome profits i the tax year that follows the loss, the the balace of the loss is carried forward agai util it ca be relieved. If the loss relates to a holiday let, the it must be kept separate ad relieved oly agaist a profit from other holday lets. The Case Study o the ext page demostrates how property losses are relieved.
2. 1 4 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l Case Study I V O R C O S T: D E A L I N G W I T H L O S S E S Ivor Cost rets out several properties. Noe of these are holiday lets. After amalgamatig the rets from all his properties, ad deductig all allowable expeses he has arrived at the followig figures: Tax Year Profit / (Loss) 2012/13 (5,500) 2013/14 3,800 2014/15 6,400 r e q u i r e d Calculate the assessable property icome for each of the three tax years referred to. s o l u t i o Tax Year Workig Property Icome Assessmet 2012/13 loss of 5,500 Nil carried forward to ext year 2013/14 3,800 of loss used Nil agaist profit of 3,800. Balace of loss carried forward 2014/15 Profit 6,400 less balace of loss 1,700 4,700 C O M P L E T I N G T H E R E L E VA N T PA R T S O F T H E TA X R E T U R N I the first chapter we saw that a tax retur cosists of a mai sectio that is commo to all taxpayers, plus supplemetary pages that relate to specific situatios. Details of property icome or losses are etered o the supplemetary pages that we will look at ow. These two pages are headed UK Property. The first page, UKP 1 has a brief sectio for geeral iformatio. This icludes box 4 which is crossed if ret a room relief is claimed for gross icome uder the limit.
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 1 5 The remaider of the first page relates to furished holiday lettigs (holiday lets). The boxes are fairly self-explaatory. Be careful to oly complete these sectios if the lettig qualifies as a holiday let. The profit or loss o furished holiday lettigs is recorded o page UKP1 quite separately from other property icome. Normal lettigs (furished or ufurished) are completed o the secod page, UKP 2. We will ow see how to complete this secod page (which is the more complicated of the two ad more likely to be tested). The page broadly follows the format of a property icome computatio, with sectios for: property icome, property expeses, ad calculatig your taxable profit or loss Sice the tax form is desiged to deal with more complicated situatios tha we eed to study, you will fid that we will ot eed some of the boxes. It is quite acceptable to leave boxes blak that do ot apply. Each box o the form is umbered for referece, ad the otes that follow should help you uderstad how the form works. Further guidace is available from the Notes o UK Property documet (SA105) that ca be foud o the HM Reveue & Customs website (www.hmrc.gov.uk), but ote that such documets caot be used i a examiatio. The followig sectios are o page UKP2 of the tax form (see page 2.17 for the 2013/14 versio) Property Icome Sectio Here you will oly eed to complete box 20 with the ret receivable. This excludes ay holiday lettig icome or profits that are show o page UKP1. Property Expeses Sectio You should aalyse the expeses (excludig ay wear ad tear allowace) ito boxes 24 to 29. Make sure that the figures recocile with your workigs. Calculatig your taxable profit or loss Sectio If there is ay wear ad tear allowace, this is iserted ito box 36. If you are claimig ret a room relief agaist gross icome, this is iserted ito box 37, but you caot also claim ay expeses. The adjusted profit for the year that you have calculated is iserted ito box 38. Ay loss brought forward from ormal lettigs is the etered ito box 39 ad the resultig taxable profit is etered i box 40. If there is a loss to be carried forward this is show i boxes 41 ad 43 (ad the box 40 must be il). Oce you have fiished fillig i this page, make sure that the figures agree with your earlier workigs, ad that the arithmetic is accurate.
2. 1 6 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 1 7
2. 1 8 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l We will ow see how a completed page looks by usig the data from the earlier Case Study Ady Lord. Case Study A N D Y L O R D : C O M P L E T I N G T H E R E L E VA N T TA X R E T U R N PA G E S Ady Lord rets out three properties i High Street. Two of the properties are furished. The followig is a computatio of his property icome (usig the total colum take from the solutio to the Case Study o page 2.8). Retal Icome 12,800 less allowable expeses: Coucil Tax 900 Loa Iterest 4,790 Ret Payable 2,500 Property Isurace 517 Bad Debt 600 Roof Repairs 700 Other Repairs 650 Professioal Fees for Debt Recovery 150 Wear & Tear Allowace 740 11,547 Assessable amout 1,253 r e q u i r e d Complete page UKP2 of the tax retur for Ady Lord. s o l u t i o The completed documet is reproduced o the opposite page. The followig workigs explai how each figure recociles with the property icome computatio. Note that we have used the 2013/14 form here, as the 2014/15 versio is ot available at the time of goig to press. Box No. Workigs ad Commets 20 Retal Icome (before ay deductios) 12,800. 24 Coucil Tax 900 + Ret Paymet 2,500 + Property Isurace 517 = 3,917. 25 Roof Repairs 700 + Other Repairs 650 = 1,350. 26 Loa Iterest 4,790. 27 Professioal Fees for Debt Recovery 150. 29 Bad Debt 600. 36 Wear & Tear Allowace 740. 38 The assessable profit for this year of 1,253. 40 The figure from box 38 repeated (sice there are o losses brought forward i this case).
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 1 9 1 2 8 0 0 3 9 1 7 1 5 0 1 3 5 0 4 7 9 0 6 0 0 1 2 5 3 1 2 5 3 7 4 0
2. 2 0 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l To esure that we ca also complete the retur for a holiday lets busiess, we will ow use the data from our earlier case study Piers South to illustrate completio of the retur. Case Study P I E R S S O U T H : C O M P L E T I N G TA X R E T U R N U K P R O P E R T Y PA G E S Piers South lets out part of his home durig the holiday seaso. It qualifies as a furished holiday lettigs busiess. He has already calculated his assessable property icome, ad decided that it is beeficial ot to claim ret a room relief, but istead to claim allowable expeses. His calculatio of assessable profit is as follows: Gross Icome (250 x 50) 12,500 less: Breakfast food (1,300) Laudry expeses (500) Cleaer (1,000) Apportioed costs: Heatig ad lightig (2,000 x 40%) (800) Isurace (500 x 40%) (200) Mortgage iterest (1,800 x 40%) (720) Assessable amout 7,980 r e q u i r e d Complete the relevat parts of the property icome pages for the busiess.
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 2 1 s o l u t i o The completed form is show o the ext page. We have used the 2013/14 versio. These otes will explai how it has bee filled i. Page UKP 1 is the oly page required here Box 5 shows the icome of 12,500. Box 6 shows the total of all the costs except mortgage iterest. These costs have bee treated as costs of services provided, although some could arguably have bee iserted i box 9 as other allowable property expeses. Box 7 shows the mortgage iterest. Box 10 is left blak sice the private use adjustmets for 60% of the buildig expeses have already bee deducted i the calculatio of the amouts show i boxes 6 ad 7. Box 13 is a profit sub total, ad the figure is repeated i box 15 as there is o loss brought forward.
2. 2 2 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l PI E RS S O U T H 1 1 2 5 0 0 7 9 8 0 3 8 0 0 7 2 0 7 9 8 0
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 2 3 K E E P I N G R E C O R D S Records for property icome must ormally be kept for five years after the olie tax retur is due to be submitted. For the tax year 2014/15 the retur is due o 31 Jauary 2016, ad so the records must be kept util 31 Jauary 2021. Note that this is loger tha o-busiess records eed to be kept for tax purposes (oe year after the fial olie tax retur submissio date). The records should be able to substatiate the etries o the tax retur, ad would therefore typically iclude: accoutig records icludig cash books ad bak statemets retal agreemets ad other records of teacies ivoices or receipts for expeses paid workig papers for computatios copies of tax returs
2. 2 4 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l Chapter Summary Icome from retig lad ad property is assessed uder property icome. The basis of assessmet for this is the icome relatig to the tax year, less allowable expeses, calculated o a accruals basis. The calculatio of the assessable amout is kow as a property icome computatio. Allowable expeses are those wholly ad exclusively for the busiess of lettigs. Irrecoverable ret is a allowable expese, as is a wear ad tear allowace for residetial property that is let furished. Expediture that is ot allowable icludes capital expediture ad ay form of depreciatio. Where more tha oe property is let, the results are combied ad ay idividual losses etted off agaist other properties with profits. Where the overall result is a loss, this is carried forward agaist future property icome profits. Losses for furished holiday lettigs ca oly be offset agaist profits from furished holiday lettigs. Similarly, o-holiday lettig losses ca oly be offset agaist o-holiday lettig profits. Ret a room relief ca apply where furished accommodatio is provided i a taxpayer s mai home. It ca exempt up to 4,250 of gross icome. There are supplemetary pages i the tax retur that relate to UK property. These must be completed accurately ad agree with the computatio. The relevat records must be retaied for five years after the submissio date for the olie tax retur.
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 2 5 Key Terms Property Icome Accruals Basis Allowable Expediture Wear ad Tear Allowace Ret a Room Relief the term used to categorise icome from lad ad property (typically retal icome) this is where ormal accoutacy rules are followed, so that icome ad expediture is matched to the period of time that it relates to; property icome must be calculated by usig the accruals basis, matchig the profits to the tax year expediture that may be deducted from icome i the calculatio of profits or losses for tax purposes a allowable deductio from icome whe property is reted o a furished basis. It is calculated as 10% of the ret received after deductig coucil tax ad rates a relief that ca be claimed whe part of a mai home is reted out; it ca exempt up to 4,250 gross icome from tax Activities 2.1 Julie reted out her ufurished property from 6/7/2014, ad received 5,000 for 12 moth s ret i advace o that day. She also set up a direct debit paymet of 25 per moth for property isurace. I December 2014 she spet 200 for repairs followig a burst pipe. Calculate the assessable property icome for 2014/15. 2.2 Dave bought a ufurished office o 6/11/2014, ad immediately let it to a teat for 400 per moth, payable mothly. Dave paid 2,000 legal fees to acquire the office, ad paid mothly mortgage iterest relatig to the office of 150. He also paid 30 per moth property isurace. Dave used the services of a aget to collect the ret ad liaise with the teat. The aget charged 1,200 per year for this service. Calculate the assessable property icome for 2014/15.
2. 2 6 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l 2.3 Aa Partemet rets out oe furished property. The followig is a statemet compiled from her accoutig records relatig to the tax year: Retal Icome Receivable 10,000 less expediture: Coucil Tax 700 Water Rates 300 Isurace 400 Cost of New Carpets 2,500 Depreciatio of Furiture 800 Maagig Aget s Charges 1,000 5,700 Profit 4,300 Required: Calculate the property icome for Aa for the tax year. 2.4 Soy Hill rets out three coutry cottages. All properties are furished. He has provided the followig statemet of icome ad expediture o the properties for the tax year: Property 1 Property 2 Property 3 Retal Icome 8,000 6,000 5,500 Less expeses: Coucil Tax 800 650 400 Loa Iterest 3,600 2,000 4,000 Property Isurace 400 300 250 Redecoratio - 600 - Repaitig Widows 500 450 500 Other Repairs 2,900 400 200 Accoutacy Fees 150 150 150 Depreciatio 500 500 500 8,850 5,050 6,000 Profit / (Loss) (850) 950 (500)
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 2 7 You have also determied the followig facts: property umber three was purchased o 6 Jue. This property was reted out from 6 July. The coucil tax o this property relates to the ie moth period from 6 July. Other expeses relate to the te moth period from 6 Jue the loa iterest relates to mortgages obtaied to purchase the properties Other Repairs icludes 2,600 paid to istall cetral heatig i property umber oe where oe had previously existed Soy Hill has a urelieved property icome loss of 1,000 brought forward from the previous tax year Required: 1 Calculate the property icome for the tax year. 2 Complete the blak supplemetary page from the tax retur (see ext page for the 2013/14 versio). 2.5 Maisey Nett rets out oe furished property. The followig is a statemet compiled from her accoutig records relatig to the tax year. Retal Icome Receivable 11,500 less expediture: Accoutacy Fees 400 Coucil Tax 650 Water Rates 350 Isurace 300 Cost of New Furiture 2,000 Mortgage Iterest 2,300 Maagig Aget s Charges 1,000 7,000 Profit 4,500 Maisey also had gross icome of 41,500 i the tax year from her job as a legal executive. She paid 6,300 icome tax uder PAYE. Required: 1 Calculate the property icome for Maisey. 2 Calculate Maisey s total icome tax liability for the tax year, ad the part of that amout that she has yet to pay.
2. 2 8 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l
i c o m e f r o m p r o p e r t y 2. 2 9 2.6 Simo has two properties i additio to his home, details of which are as follows: Three bedroom house: (1) This ufurished house is reted out for 900 per moth. The property was occupied this tax year util 1 September whe the teats suddely moved out, owig the ret for July ad August. Simo kows that he will ot recover this ret. The property was let agai from 1 December to aother family. (2) The oly expese paid by Simo o the house was 8% maagemet charge to the aget o ret received. Oe bedroom flat: (3) This furished flat is reted out for 450 per moth. The property was uoccupied this tax year util 1 Jue whe a couple moved i o a twelve moth lease. (4) Simo paid coucil tax ad water rates o the flat, totallig 1,400 for the period that the flat was occupied. He also paid isurace of 270 for the year. Calculate the profit or loss made o each property, usig the followig table. Three bedroom house Oe bedroom flat Icome Expeses:
2. 3 0 p e r s o a l t a x ( F i a c e A c t 2 0 1 4 ) t u t o r i a l 2.7 Select the statemets that are true from the followig: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) The maximum amout of gross ret that ca be received tax free uder the ret a room scheme is 4,250. The ret a room scheme applies to ufurished accommodatio. Ret a room relief caot be claimed for guest houses. Taxpayers caot claim both ret a room relief ad wear ad tear allowace for the same property. If the gross ret receivable is over 4,250 taxpayers ca choose whether to claim ret a room relief or use a stadard profit calculatio. If you live i reted accommodatio you caot claim ret a room relief. Charges for goods or services like food or laudry are icluded whe calculatig the gross ret.