Genetics Test Biology I Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Avery s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by a. RNA. c. proteins. b. DNA. d. carbohydrates. Figure 12 1 2. Figure 12 1 shows the structure of a(an) a. DNA molecule. c. RNA molecule. b. amino acid. d. protein. 3. Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA? a. ribose + phosphate group + thymine b. ribose + phosphate group + uracil c. deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil d. deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine 4. In eukaryotes, DNA a. is located in the nucleus. c. is located in the ribosomes. b. floats freely in the cytoplasm. d. is circular. 5. During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases a. TCGAAC. c. AGCTTG. b. GATCCA. d. GAUCCA. 6. RNA contains the sugar a. ribose. c. glucose. b. deoxyribose. d. lactose. 7. Unlike DNA, RNA contains a. adenine. c. phosphate groups. b. uracil. d. thymine. 8. Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
a. ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine b. deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine c. phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine d. phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine 9. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids? a. 3 c. 9 b. 6 d. 12 10. Genes contain instructions for assembling a. purines. c. proteins. b. nucleosomes. d. pyrimidines. 11. Selective breeding produces a. more offspring. c. desired traits in offspring. b. fewer offspring. d. transgenic organisms. 12. Which of the following is NOT an example of selective breeding? a. allowing only the best milk-producing cows to reproduce b. crossing disease-resistant plants with plants that produce high food yields c. mating cats that have long hair with cats that have long tails d. allowing dogs to mate only once a year 13. Which of the following is most likely to bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect? a. inbreeding c. genetic engineering b. hybridization d. transformation 14. The crossing of buffalo and cattle to produce beefalo is an example of a. inbreeding. c. genetic engineering. b. hybridization. d. transformation. Figure 13 1
15. What does Figure 13 1 show? a. gel electrophoresis b. DNA sequencing c. a restriction enzyme producing a DNA fragment d. polymerase chain reaction 16. In Figure 13 1, between which nucleotides is the DNA cut? a. adenine and thymine c. thymine and cytosine b. cytosine and guanine d. adenine and guanine 17. The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called a. selective breeding. c. inbreeding. b. genetic engineering. d. hybridization. 18. A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is known as a. a mutant. c. a polyploid. b. a hybrid. d. recombinant DNA. 19. Genetic engineering involves a. reading a DNA sequence. b. editing a DNA sequence. c. reinserting DNA into living organisms. d. all of the above 20. What kind of technique do scientists use to make transgenic organisms? a. hybridization c. inducing of mutations b. inbreeding d. genetic engineering 21. What has been an advantage of producing transgenic plants? a. increasing the food supply c. producing clones b. using more pesticides d. studying human genes 22. To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin, which of the following steps did scientists have to take first? a. Insert the human insulin gene into a plasmid. b. Extract the insulin from the bacterial culture. c. Use a restriction enzyme to cut out the insulin gene from human DNA. d. Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid. 23. Which of the following is a clone? a. the adult female sheep whose DNA was used to produce Dolly b. a transgenic mouse c. a bacterium taken from a bacterial colony d. the tobacco plant with the luciferase gene 24. What kind of cell or cells were used to make Dolly? a. body cell only c. egg cell and sperm cell b. egg cell only d. body cell and egg cell 25. Why is Dolly a clone? a. The source of her DNA was a single body cell. b. The DNA molecules in all her cells are identical. c. She was produced using the DNA from an adult s egg cell.
d. She is genetically identical to her offspring. 26. How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype? a. 2 c. 44 b. 23 d. 46 27. Which of the following are shown in a karyotype? a. homologous chromosomes c. autosomes b. sex chromosomes d. all of the above 28. Which of the following can be observed in a karyotype? a. a change in a DNA base c. genes b. an extra chromosome d. alleles 29. In humans, a male has a. one X chromosome only. b. two X chromosomes. c. one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. d. two Y chromosomes. 30. Human females produce egg cells that have a. one X chromosome. c. one X or one Y chromosome. b. two X chromosomes. d. one X and one Y chromosome. 31. What is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female? a. 10% c. 50% b. 25% d. 75% 32. What percentage of human sperm cells carry an X chromosome? a. 0% c. 50% b. 25% d. 100% 33. If a man with blood type A and a woman with blood type B produce an offspring, what might be the offspring s blood type? a. AB or O c. A, B, AB, or O b. A, B, or O d. AB only 34. Most sex-linked genes are located on a. the autosomes. b. the X chromosome only. c. the Y chromosome only. d. both the X chromosome and the Y chromosome. 35. Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because a. fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only. b. the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome. c. the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome. d. males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness. 36. The Human Genome Project is an attempt to a. make a DNA fingerprint of every person s DNA. b. sequence all human DNA. c. cure human diseases. d. identify alleles in human DNA that are recessive.
Genetics Test Biology I Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 289 OBJ: 12.1.1 2. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 294 OBJ: 12.1.2 3. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 291 OBJ: 12.1.2 4. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 295 OBJ: 12.2.1 STA: SC.F.1.4.5 5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 299 OBJ: 12.2.2 STA: SC.F.1.4.5 6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 300 OBJ: 12.3.1 7. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 300 OBJ: 12.3.1 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 300 OBJ: 12.3.1 9. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 302 OBJ: 12.3.4 10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 306 OBJ: 12.3.6 11. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 319 OBJ: 13.1.1 STA: SC.H.3.4.5 12. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 319 OBJ: 13.1.1 STA: SC.H.3.4.5 13. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 320 OBJ: 13.1.2 STA: SC.H.3.4.5 14. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 319 OBJ: 13.1.2 STA: SC.H.3.4.5 15. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 322 16. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 322 17. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 322 18. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 324 19. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 322 20. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 331 OBJ: 13.4.1 STA: SC.H.3.4.6 21. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 332 OBJ: 13.4.1 STA: SC.H.3.4.6 22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 331
OBJ: 13.4.1 STA: SC.H.3.4.6 23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 333 OBJ: 13.4.2 STA: SC.H.3.4.6 24. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 333 OBJ: 13.4.2 STA: SC.H.3.4.6 25. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 333 OBJ: 13.4.2 STA: SC.H.3.4.6 26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 341 OBJ: 14.1.1 27. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 341 OBJ: 14.1.1 28. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 341 OBJ: 14.1.1 29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 341 30. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 342 31. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 342 32. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 342 33. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E REF: p. 344 OBJ: 14.1.4 34. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 350 OBJ: 14.2.2 STA: SC.F.2.4.1 35. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: A REF: p. 350 OBJ: 14.2.2 STA: SC.F.2.4.1 36. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B REF: p. 357 OBJ: 14.3.2