SINP SPACE MONITORING DATA CENTER PORTAL

SINP SPACE MONITORING DATA CENTER PORTAL Parunakian D.A. 1, Kalegaev V.V. 2, Bobrovnikov S.Yu. 2, Barinova W.O. 2 1 Moscow State University Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics 119991, Russia, e-mail: rumith@srd.sinp.msu.ru; 2 Moscow State University Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Abstract. The space monitoring data center contains multiple features that allow quick retrieval of data received from a wide range of Russian and Western spacecraft, visualization of the said data and also has some analytical capabilities. The portal also provides access to the results of automated services such as the quasi real time magnetopause standoff distance monitor, detailed descriptions of existing and prospective space experiments, processed data on coronal holes and solar flares, and online models such as the paraboloid model of the magnetosphere and the COSRAD model. The space monitoring data center (SMDC) has been designed to provide researchers a unified interface for data retrieval, visualization and analysis, development and testing of new models as well as publishing their work. Below we give brief descriptions on the most important features of the SMDC portal currently implemented. Data of space experiments collected at SINP Historically, the wide selection of datasets based on results produced by SINP experiments has been fragmented and stored on multiple servers and sometimes even PCs of particular researchers [1]. These datasets include experimental data on fluxes of energetic electrons and protons (E>40 kev), gamma- and X-rays measured at altitudes lower than 1000km aboard Russian satellites and orbital stations. Measurements available cover the period from 1979 through this day, which enables the study of variations of near-earth radiation in the duration of almost two cycles of solar activity. Data received from high inclination satellites enables investigation of particles trapped in the radiation belts, as well as radiation fluxes above the belts and in the polar regions of the. In addition to data obtained during SINP's own space experiments, additional data from OMNI and COHO (NASA/NSSDC ) archives describing solar wind conditions since 1963 is available. This allows conducting research of the response on solar wind driving. The main goal of SMDC is to unite all these datasets into a single online information system. Table 1 contains information on the type and amount of data currently available at the SMDC (http://smdc.sinp.msu.ru). Table 1. Overview of space experiment data collected at SINP Project Time interval Physical experiment Amount of data Coronas-I SKL 03.1994-04.1995 Flux of gamma-rays (50keV - 200MeV), electrons, 387Mb protons, nuclei Flux of X-rays (15-100keV). Coronas-F SPR-N 08.2001-12.2005 Data on x-ray polarisation in 1.2Gb 20-40, 40-60 and 60-100keV intervals Flux of gamma-rays (50keV Coronas-F SKL 08.2001-06.2005-200MeV), electrons, protons, nuclei 4.5Gb 206

Table 1. (Continuation) Project Time interval Physical experiment Amount of data Meteor-3M 01.2002-12.2003 Tatyana 02.2005-02.2007 Cosmos 1686 02.1986-12.1986 MIR orbital station radiation experiment (Ryabina) MIR orbital station gamma experiment (Grif) 11.1990-06.2000 Differential spectra of electron and ion (proton) components of corpuscular radiation in Earth's magnetosphere 6Gb 430Mb 150Mb 70Mb 10.1995-06.1997 Flux of gamma and X-rays 1.5Gb Prognoz-9 06.1983-03.1984 Flux of gamma and X-rays 20Mb User can build his request to the comprehensive database we possess with just a few clicks using our data forms. First, the user has to select the spacecraft he is interested in. Then, the time interval and the channels to retrieve must be selected. After that, the user has to select the representation of the data that he needs. Figure 1. Example of data retrieval form. Data retrieved can be provided as text, graphic or as an archive. The visual representation allows to graphically preview the data to determine whether or not it is actually of interest in the context of a particular problem. The textual representation usually serves error catching, value confirmation and debugging purposes, since it dumps a portion of the data table directly into the user's web interface. The archived representation is useful for retrieving large amounts of data for subsequent client-side processing. Data visualization is performed by our inhouse software project Qlook [7]. 207

In order to assist researchers attempting to develop their own software for processing spacecraft telemetry data, we provide FTP access to communication session files for most SINP space experiments. Currently, telemetry data for Universitetsky-Tatyana is already available; we are planning to deploy data for Coronas-F/I, Mir station, Prognos-9 and other spacecrafts in the nearest future. Supplemental information Besides spacecraft data and telemetry, SMDC also contains processed and analyzed datasets. They have been built based on space experiment data available at SMDC as well as at other data centers. Magnetic Storms catalogue. We have analyzed data produced by the OMNI project to detect magnetic storms and to separate them from the general data flow. Only magnetic storms with Dst less than -70 nt have been selected in the 1998-2003 time interval. Data on these magnetic storms includes interplanetary magnetic field components, solar wind bulk velocity, proton density, Dst and AL indices. There's also a Dst threshold selector which allows to view only storms during which Dst index reaches a particular value. Solar flares. It is well known that the Sun is the most energetic particle accelerator in the Solar system, producing ions of up to tens of GeV and electrons of up to tens of MeV. The information regarding peak gamma emission energy obtained by the SONG experiment allows us to estimate the flux and spectra of charged particles accelerated in the Solar atmosphere. The CORONAS-F duty cycle of solar flare detection lasted approximately 40% of its total flight time as a consequence of its orbital parameters; thus many major flares that occurred since August 14, 2001 till September 12, 2005 were not observed. Yet, 9 flares with HXR emission have been detected by CORONAS-F during 2004 and 23 ones during 2005. Data on HXR and gamma fluxes produced by solar flares and detected by SONG (CORONAS-F) experiment [2004-2005] is available at SMDC. APEV database. This tool provides access to time profiles of the key geomagnetic and solar wind parameters and solar event maps. APEV database has been initially developed by by Alexei Dmitriev, Andrey Zhukov and Igor Veselovsky [2]. Coronal holes database. This tool provides access to a large catalogue of solar imagery automatically processed [3] to detect and measure coronal holes (CH), as well as their numeric characteristics. Solar images are taken from SOHO/EIT measurements data bases. CH area is measured in relative units, where total area of the Sun equals one unit. Minimal significant area is 0.002 relative units. Average intensity is calculated after filtering and histogram scaling into the range from 0 to 255. Calculation is performed not taking into account correction for spherical shape of the Sun. This tool is based on an earlier work by J. Shugai and SOHO/EIT consortium. Magnetopause crossings. It has been demonstrated [4] that the shape of the depends upon the IMF orientation, while remaining self-similar for variations in solar wind dynamic pressure. Data set of 1821 magnetopause crossings has been processed and matched with simultaneously observed hourly averages of solar wind dynamic pressure and IMF Bz. The data set used includes data collected from IMP 1/2/3/4/6/8, Explorer-33, Prognos 7/8/10, ISEE 1/2, IRM spacecraft. SMDC portal provides full access to this data set, which covers the time period from 07.08.1968 through 21.02.1979. 208

Models Paraboloid model of the. Dynamic paraboloid model (A2000) allows to calculate the magnetic field of magnetospheric large scale current systems during quiet and disturbed periods [5]. Magnetic field variations are determined by input parameters depending on conditions in space. Distinct sources of the magnetospheric magnetic field can be individually taken into account or ignored. The IMF penetrated into the magnetosphere as well as field-aligned currents magnetic field are included in the total magnetospheric magnetic field. SMDC portal provides both online access to the model and its source code so users can run it elsewhere. COSRAD model. The COSRAD model (developed by N.V. Kuznetsov) is intended to forecast the radiation environment onboard near-earth elliptic orbiting satellites in the open space as well as behind aluminum shielding. It can calculate the following parameters: 1. The energy spectra of particles of radiation belts, galactic and solar cosmic rays. 2. LET (Linear Energy Transfer) spectra in Si of heavy charged nuclei. 3. Absorbed dose in Si and equivalent dose in tissue-eqiuvalent matter. 4. Single event effects in integral chips. Real-time services The general objective of SMDC is to build reliable forecast of key magnetospheric parameters and analysis of current geophysical and radiation conditions in the near-earth space. High-performance computers, relational databases and engineering models of space environment should be used for such analysis. One of the first examples of such activity is the magnetopause stand-off distance monitor. This automated service calculates in real time the magnetopause stand-off distance (geocentric distance to the magnetopause subsolar point, Rss) in the framework of Kuznetsov-Suvorova model: Rss = 8.6*(1 + 0.407*exp( - ( Bz - Bz) 2 /(200*p 0.15 ))*p -0.19 ) [6], where Bz [nt] (interplanetary magnetic field z-component is GSM coordinates) and P [npa] (solar wind dynamic pressure) are measured by ACE spacecraft. ACE is located in L1 point where solar and terrestrial gravitation forces are balanced. ACE measures solar wind parameters and delivers data to the Earth, that allows to provide short-term forecast of magnetopause location approximately 40min prior solar wind approaching terrestrial magnetosphere. Other resources Links directory. The SMDC portal has a section dedicated to keeping an up-to-date directory of hyperlinks to space physics related websites, journals, data sources, model sites, and a wealth of other information. This section also contains links to manuals and user guides for software routinely used by our visitors. Details on prospective SINP experiments. We highlight most of the space physics related projects currently under development by SINP and in collaborations. At the moment of this writing, information is available on RELEC, InterHelios, Nucleon, TUS and Coronas Photon experiments. We provide an overview of each experiment's instruments, participants, related publications and contacts of researchers responsible participating in the corresponding experiments. 209

Conclusions Space monitoring data center collects data on the radiation conditions in the Earth's environment measured by Russian and Western spacecrafts during approximately the last 20 years. The interactive services provide access to a database of energetic particle fluxes, X-ray and gamma fluxes, magnetospheric plasma and magnetic field parameters. The future development of SMDC portal involves real-time data processing allowing fast and reliable analysis of radiation and geomagnetic conditions in the near-earth space. Acknowledgement This study was supported by RFBR grant No 06-05-64508. References 1. Kalegaev V.V., Alexeev I.I., Bobrovnikov S.Yu., Dmitriev A.V., BAFIZ project and space physics information systems in SINP MSU, SINP MSU Preprint 2000-28-632, 2000 (in Russian) 2. Panasenko O., Veselovsky I.S., Dmitriev A.V., Zhukov A.N. Solar origins of intense geomagnetic storms in 2002 as seen by the CORONAS-F satellite. Advances in Space Research, 2005. 3. Persiantsev I.G., Ryazanov A.Y., Shugai J.S. The automatic processing and analysis of solar image sequences. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, 2006 4. Sibeck D. G., R. E. Lopez, and E. C. Roelof, Solar Wind Control of the Magnetopause Shape, Location, and Motion. J. Geophys. Res, 5489, 1991 5. Alexeev I.I.. Kalegaev V.V., Belenkaya E.S., Bobrovnikov S.Yu., Feldstein Ya.I., Gromova L.I., The Model Description of Magnetospheric Magnetic Field in the Course of Magnetic Storm on January 9-12, 1997, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 25683, 2001 6. Kuznetsov S.N., Suvorova A.V. An Empirical Model of the Magnetopause for Broad Ranges of Solar Wind Pressure and and BzIMF. Polar Cap Boundary Phenomena, Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway, 4-13 June 1997 7. Barinova W.O., Parunakian D.A., Kalegaev V.V. Qlook 2.0: scientific measurements data visualization system. Proceedings of Scientific Service in the Internet 2007 (in Russian) 210