hapter No SSU/Q/ hapter No Foundations of Information Systems in usiness atch ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan Muhammad Kashif Shaikh ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh S7 : ourse Objectives: Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to: Understand the role of Information Systems (IS) in organizations. Understand how Information Systems (IS) can be used to create competitive advantages for businesses. Understand the key elements associated with designing Information Systems (IS). Understand the key elements associated with planning and managing Information Systems (IS). Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology
hapter No SSU/Q/ S7 : rerequisites: Familiarity with basic computer devices and terminologies. 3 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh MIS ooks ext ook. Management Information System, 8 th dition y: James. O' rien, George Marakas eference ooks. Management Information System, 9th dition y: Kenneth. Laudon, Jane. Laudon. Introduction to Information Systems: Supporting and ransforming usiness y: ainer, urban, otter, st dition Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ Marks Distribution Mid erm 3 ssignment + Quizzes eport + lass erformance Semester Final aper 5 otal Marks Duration of Miderm aper.5 ours Duration of Semester Final aper.5 ours 5 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Marks Distribution [ Sessional ] lass est ssignment lass resentation roject otal oints erformance onus oints oints 5 oints 5 oints 5 oints oints Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 6 3
hapter No SSU/Q/ MIS Website http://www.ssuet.edu.pk/courses/hs7/mis 7 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ourse Instructors Muzammil hmad Khan muzammil.ssuet@yahoo.com ssistant rofessor, D oom No: S4 Section Noman li Khan muhammadnomanali@gmail.com ssistant rofessor, D oom No: S Section, Nadia Ishaq nadia_bilal45@yahoo.com ssistant rofessor, D oom No: S Section D, hmad asan linkin8@gmail.com Lecturer, D oom No: IS Section F, G Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 8 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ roject omprehensive Study of Information Systems of an Organization. Organization Overview Organizational ierarchy Main business function of the organization nalysis of I Department ole/ctivities and esources of I Department Illustration of omputer ased Information System System Development Life ycle nalysis of other business System Sales, Marketing, Supply hain, ccounts, ow I interact with other business system? DFD of main business function and IS Gantt chart and chart Identification of problems/weaknesses in the existing system Suggestions and ecommendations onclusion 9 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ourse Outline Module : Introduction hapter : Foundations of IS in usiness hapter : ompeting with Information echnology Module : ard and Soft spect hapter 3: omputer ardware hapter 4: omputer Software hapter 5: Data esource Management hapter 6: elecommunications and Networks Module 3: usiness hapter 7: lectronic usiness Systems Module 4: I in usiness hapter : Developing usiness/i Strategies hapter : Developing usiness/i Solutions Module 5: Special opics Flow hart and Data Flow Diagram hart, GN hart and SDL 5 Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology
hapter No SSU/Q/ hapter atch Foundations of Information Systems in usiness ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Muhammad Kashif Shaikh ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Learning Objectives. Understand the concept of a system and how it relates to information systems. xplain why knowledge of information systems is important for business professionals Identify five areas of information systems knowledge needed 3. Give examples to illustrate how business applications of information systems can support a firm s usiness processes Managerial decision making Strategies for competitive advantage Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 6
hapter No SSU/Q/ Learning Objectives 4. rovide examples of information systems from your experiences with business organizations in the real world 5. Identify challenges that a business manager might face in managing the successful, ethical development and use of information technology 6. rovide examples of the components of real world information systems 7. ecome familiar with the myriad of career opportunities in information systems 3 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Foundation oncepts Why study Information Systems and Information echnology? Vital component of successful businesses elps businesses expand and compete Improves efficiency and effectiveness of business processes Facilitates managerial decision making and workgroup collaboration Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 4 7
hapter No SSU/Q/ What is a System? set of interrelated components With a clearly defined boundary Working together o achieve a common set of objectives 5 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh What is an Information System? n organized combination of eople ardware and software ommunication networks Data resources olicies and procedures his system Stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 6 8
hapter No SSU/Q/ Information echnologies Information Systems ll the components and resources necessary to deliver information and functions to the organization ould be paper based Information echnologies ardware, software, networking, data management Our focus will be on omputerased Information Systems (IS) 7 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh What Should usiness rofessionals Know? Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 8 9
hapter No SSU/Q/ Fundamental oles of IS in usiness 9 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh rends in Information Systems Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology
hapter No SSU/Q/ What is usiness? Using Internet technologies to empower usiness processes lectronic commerce ollaboration within a company ollaboration with customers, suppliers, and other business stakeholders In essence, an online exchange of value ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ow usiness is eing Used Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology
hapter No SSU/Q/ usiness Use eengineering Internal business processes nterprise ollaboration Systems Support communications, coordination and coordination among teams and work groups lectronic ommerce uying, selling, marketing, and servicing of products and services over networks 3 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ypes of Information Systems Operations Support Systems fficiently process business transactions ontrol industrial processes Support communication and collaboration Update corporate databases Management Support Systems rovide information as reports and displays Give direct computer support to managers during decisionmaking Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ urposes of Information Systems 5 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Operations Support Systems What do they do? fficiently process business transactions ontrol industrial processes Support communications and collaboration Update corporate databases Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 6 3
hapter No SSU/Q/ ypes of Operations Support Systems ransaction rocessing Systems ecord and process business transactions xamples: sales processing, inventory systems, accounting systems rocess ontrol Systems Monitor and control physical processes xample: using sensors to monitor chemical processes in a petroleum refinery nterprise ollaboration Systems nhance team and workgroup communication xamples: email, video conferencing 7 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh wo Ways to rocess ransactions atch rocessing ccumulate transactions over time and process periodically xample: a bank processes all checks received in a batch at night Online rocessing rocess transactions immediately xample: a bank processes an M withdrawal immediately Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 8 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ Management Support Systems What do they do? rovide information and support for effective decision making by managers Management information systems Decision support systems xecutive information systems 9 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ypes of Management Support Systems (MIS) eports and displays xample: daily sales analysis reports Decision Support Systems (DSS) Interactive and ad hoc support xample: a whatif analysis to determine where to spend advertising dollars xecutive Information Systems (IS) ritical information for executives and managers xample: easy access to actions of competitors Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 3 5
hapter No SSU/Q/ Other Information Systems xpert Systems rovide expert advice xample: credit application advisor Knowledge Management Systems Support creation, organization, and dissemination of business knowledge throughout company xample: intranet access to best business practices 3 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Other Information Systems Strategic Information Systems elp get a strategic advantage over customer xamples: shipment tracking, ecommerce Web systems Functional usiness Systems Focus on operational and managerial applications of basic business functions xamples: accounting, finance, or marketing Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 3 6
hapter No SSU/Q/ I hallenges and Opportunities 33 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Measuring I Success fficiency Minimize cost, time, and use of information resources ffectiveness Support business strategies nable business processes nhance organizational structure and culture Increase customer and business value Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 34 7
hapter No SSU/Q/ Developing IS Solutions 35 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh hallenges and thics of I pplication of I ustomer elationship Management uman esources Management usiness Intelligence Systems otential arm Infringements on privacy Inaccurate information ollusion Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 36 8
hapter No SSU/Q/ hallenges and thics of I otential isks onsumer boycotts Work stoppages Government intervention ossible esponses odes of ethics Incentives ertification 37 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh I areers conomic downturns have affected all job sectors, including I ising labor costs are pushing jobs to India, the Middle ast, and siaacific countries owever, I employment opportunities are strong, with new jobs emerging daily Shortages of I personnel are frequent he longterm job outlook is positive and exciting Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 38 9
hapter No SSU/Q/ I areers 39 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh I areers Job increases will be driven by apid growth in computer system design and related services he need to backfill positions Information sharing and client/server environments he need for those with problemsolving skills Falling hardware and software prices, which will fuel expanded computerization of operations Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ he IS Function he IS function is major functional area of business n important contributor to operational efficiency, employee productivity, morale, customer service and satisfaction major source of information and support for decision making vital ingredient in developing competitive products and services in the global marketplace dynamic and challenging career opportunity key component of today s networked business 4 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh System oncepts: Foundation System concepts help us understand echnology: hardware, software, data management, telecommunications networks pplications: to support interconnected information systems Development: developing ways to use information technology includes designing the basic components of information systems Management: emphasizes the quality, strategic business value, and security of an organization s information systems Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ What is a System? System is set of interrelated components With a clearly defined boundary Working together o achieve a common set of objectives y accepting inputs and producing outputs In an organized transformation process 43 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh asic Functions of a System Input apturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed rocessing ransformation process that converts input into output Output ransferring transformed elements to their ultimate destination Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 44
hapter No SSU/Q/ ybernetic System ll systems have input, processing, and output cybernetic system, a selfmonitoring, selfregulating system, adds feedback and control: Feedback is data about the performance of a system ontrol involves monitoring and evaluating feedback to determine whether a system is moving toward the achievement of its goal 45 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ybernetic System Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 46 3
hapter No SSU/Q/ usiness as a System 47 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Other System haracteristics If a system is one of the components of a larger system, it is a SubSystem he larger system is an environment Several systems may share the same environment Some may be connected via a shared boundary, or interface ypes of Systems Open daptive Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 48 4
hapter No SSU/Q/ omponents of an IS 49 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Information System esources eople esources Specialists nd users ardware esources Machines Media Software esources rograms rocedures Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 5 5
hapter No SSU/Q/ Information System esources Data esources roduct descriptions, customer records, employee files, inventory databases Network esources ommunications media, communications processors, network access and control software Information esources Management reports and business documents using text and graphics displays, audio responses, and paper forms 5 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh Data Versus Information Data are raw facts about physical phenomena or business transactions Information is data that has been converted into meaningful and useful context for end users xamples: Sales data is names, quantities, and dollar amounts Sales information is amount of sales by product type, sales territory, or salesperson Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 5 6
hapter No SSU/Q/ IS ctivities Input of data resources Data entry activities rocessing of data into information alculations, comparisons, sorting, and so on Output of information products Messages, reports, forms, graphic images Storage of data resources Data elements and databases ontrol of system performance Monitoring and evaluating feedback 53 ompiled y: Muzammil hmad Khan & Kashif Shaikh ecognizing Information Systems usiness professionals should be able to look at an information system and identify he people, hardware, software, data, and network resources they use he type of information products they produce he way they perform input, processing, output, storage, and control activities Sir Syed University of ngineering and echnology 54 7