Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories IPCC Support to National GHG Inventories WRI MAPT Workshop 2 December, 2012 Nalin SRIVASTAVA Technical Support Unit, IPCC TFI
Contents Who we are: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (TFI) IPCC Inventory Guidelines Other IPCC TFI products and support to inventory compilers Inventory needs and gaps: lessons learnt Summary
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
IPCC The IPCC is an intergovernmental body that: provides scientific, technical and socioeconomic advice to the world community, and in particular to the 170-plus Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It is open to all Members of UNEP and of WMO.
IPCC (2) Established by WMO (World Meteorological Organization) and UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) in 1988 to: Make periodic assessments of the science, impacts and the socio-economic aspects of climate change and of adaptation and mitigation options to address it; Assess, and develop as necessary, methodologies such as the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories; Provide, on request, scientific/technical /socioeconomic advice to the Conference of the Parties to the United nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its bodies.
Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (TFI) IPCC/OECD/IEA National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme started in 1991 It produced the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines Since 1999 IPCC TFI has been hosted by Japan (TSU is located at IGES) HS Egglesotn
Objectives and activities To develop and refine an internationally-agreed methodology and software for the calculation and reporting of national GHG emissions and removals To encourage the widespread use of this methodology by countries participating in the IPCC and by Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) IPCC does not provide capacity-building for GHG inventories itself but engages in a range of activities to promote the use of the IPCC Guidelines.
IPCC Inventory Guidelines
IPCC Inventory Guidelines IPCC Guidelines internationally agreed methodologies to be used by countries to estimate greenhouse gas inventories to report to the UNFCCC: Virtually all sources/sinks covered Alternative methods of different complexity and data needs may be provided with guidance on choice These have been developed aiming to be applicable in all countries (both methods and default data are provided): Ensure best use is made of resources Can be used with few resources, if necessary Have been extensively reviewed to ensure the widest applicability
IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 1995 Guidelines 1996 Revised IPCC Guidelines 2000 Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management 2003 Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry 2006 IPCC Guidelines
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Earliest set of IPCC Guidelines still in use Consist of: Vol 1: Reporting Instructions Vol 2: Workbook and Software Vol 3: Reference Manual Still used by non-annex I countries for for their national communications to UNFCC
GPG 2000 Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (GPG 2000) Complements the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines Introduced the concept of good practice inventories: inventories that are neither over nor underestimates so far as can be judged, and in which uncertainties are reduced as far as practicable
GPG LULUCF Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forests (GPG LULUCF) - Published in 2003 Extends good practice to LULUCF sectors Provides supplementary methods and good practice guidance for estimating, measuring, monitoring and reporting on carbon stock changes and greenhouse gas emissions from LULUCF activities under Article 3, paragraphs 3 and 4, and Articles 6 and 12 of the Kyoto Protocol
2006 IPCC Inventory Guidelines The 2006 IPCC Guidelines consists of 5 volumes based on cross-cutting issues and individual sectors: Overview General Guidance and Reporting Energy Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU) Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) Waste Updated and refined the methods and defaults in the earlier Guidelines
IPCC Guidance General Guidance & Reporting Sectoral Guidance Energy IPPU AFOLU Waste Data Collection Uncertainties Methodological Choice Key Categories Time Series Consistency QA/QC Verification Reporting Emission Inventory
IPCC Tools and Support for National GHG Inventories
IPCC Emission Factor Database (EFDB) Open library of documented emission factors and other parameters for use in GHG inventories from a variety of sources: Peer reviewed Non-peer reviewed (government reports, industry studies etc.) In any language (need English abstract) Available through internet as well as in the form of CD-ROM http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/ Contains information about when and where this data may be applicable Evolves dynamically - new data from inventory compilers, researchers, industry... Communication platform for distribution of new research and measurement data Data evaluated by Editorial Board (EB) However the user MUST decide if this is suitable in their specific situation.
Need for Emission Factor Database (EFDB) IPCC Guidelines contain global or regional default values (mostly for Tier 1) based on the best science when guidelines were compiled. Higher tier estimates need country-specific factors based on: Situation in country, methods, management etc. Latest science and best practice elsewhere Latest mitigation being applied However it is expensive to measure all these. It would be more efficient to use appropriate literature or experience in similar situations. Emission factors and other parameters may not be easily accessible.
How to Access the EFDB Two different applications are available: Web application For all users to carry out on-line search For data providers to submit new emission factors or other parameters CD-ROM application For all users, in particular for those who have difficulty with Internet connection, to carry out offline search The web application is the core of this system; new data will be made available on the Web application first.
EFDB Web application http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/efdb/
EFDB Local CD-ROM application Can be operated locally (on a stand-alone PC). For detailed guidance, see the User Guide for Local CD-ROM application.
EFDB Local CD-ROM application (2) EFDB Local CD-ROM application works with MS Access MDB file a copy of the on-line web database. The latest MDB file will be made available: Through the Internet: At the "Downloads" section of the web application; and/or In the form of CD-ROM: Will be distributed annually or biannually, possibly on the occasion of sessions of SBSTA or COP.
Data Populating EFDB TSU Editorial Board On-line interaction, when necessary Data Provider Data Form Data Data Data Defaults EFDB Data Meeting with EB TSU Literature Search Consultants
Criteria for inclusion of new data Robust Within the accepted uncertainty, the value is unlikely to change if there was repetition of the original measurement program or modeling activity. Applicable An emission factor can only be applicable if the source and its mix of technology, operating and environmental conditions and abatement and control technologies under which the emission factor was measured or modeled are clear and allow the user to see how it can be applied. Documented Access information to the original technical reference must be provided to evaluate the robustness and applicability as described above.
Your participation is welcome!! Success of EFDB depends upon input from the global scientific and inventory community EFDB is open to any relevant data proposals If you have your own data on emission factors, please contact the Technical Support Unit (TSU) by e-mail: ipcc-efdb@iges.or.jp Continuous improvement of the content and functionality users feedback will be quite important Your participation is highly appreciated!!
EFDB in the context of UNFCCC In the context of revision of the UNFCCC reporting guidelines for Annex I Parties, the SBSTA32 welcomed the work of the IPCC to facilitate the use of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, including its efforts to develop inventory software and the Emission Factor Database. It invited the IPCC and other relevant organizations to strengthen their efforts in this area. (FCCC/SBSTA/2010/6, paragraph 76) In the context of REDD discussion, the SBSTA32 requested the UNFCCC secretariat to work with the IPCC on promoting the use of the IPCC Emission Factor Database. (FCCC/SBSTA/2010/6, paragraph 40) In the context of national communications from non-annex I Parties (NAI-NC), the Consultative Group of Experts (CGE): Agreed on the usefulness of Emission Factor Database; and Recommended improvement of data quality by enhancement of the sharing of country-specific emission factors through the Emission Factor Database among NAI Parties, as an element to be considered in a future revision of the NAI-NC Guidelines.
Enhancement and improvement of EFDB Data collection: Data can be proposed by anyone welcomed!! Data Meetings to collect data on specific sectors and categories 6 data meetings on AFOLU, Energy and Waste sectors held Up-to-date data/information from 2013 Supplement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Wetlands will be included. Work underway on the Improvement of EFDB user-interface and data structure Awareness-raising through links on other organizations websites and participation in international workshops
IPCC Inventory Software The IPCC has launched its IPCC Inventory Software The IPCC Software implements the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories However it can also be used for reporting under the 1996 IPCC Guidelines: This allows countries to utilise the improvements in the methodologies and default values since the 1996 IPCC Guidelines It improves on earlier software: It is database-based It is stand-alone and does not depend on specific versions of MS Windows or MS Office. Does not require internet access or expensive hardware
IPCC Inventory Software (2) It can be used for the whole inventory or just individual categories Includes Uncertainty and Key Category Analysis Aids QA/QC Will output in non-annex 1 National Communications format Will be developed to include more input/output and reporting options and complete Tier 2 coverage FREE!
Software Functions Contains default data Data Managers: Land Types and Livestock Administration functions: Country, Users, Years Worksheets for data entry Data Archive QA/QC: Uncertainty analysis, KCA, Reference method Data Input and Output
Multiple Users Project manager Sectoral Experts(s) Initialise Database Distribute empty database (MDB file) Compile Sector 1 Database Combine Databases (XML File) Compile Sector 2 Checks, Uncertainty, KCA Compile Sector n Prepare Outputs
Category selected: Energy Hierarchical list of categories Data Entry Worksheet-based calculations follow 2006 Guidelines Time Series Display 32
Notation Keys Available Uncertainties Defaults Available: can be over-writen with country specific data Time Series Data Entry 33
Software support The TSU is supporting the software: Help Desk: email ipcc-software@iges.or.jp Web Forum: https://discussions.zoho.com/ipccinventorysoftware/ TSU is preparing User Guide in addition to a User Manual TSU will maintain software and is planning to add functions to the software: Complete Tier 2 coverage More output formats Link to ALU Software
FAQs Answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/faq/faq.html Constantly updated based on questions and issues raised by compilers and in expert meetings.
Expert Meetings IPCC TFI holds many experts meetings annually addressing inventory issues and topics of interest to inventory compilers. Reports of these expert meeting reports can be accessed at: http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/meeting/meeting.html IPCC TFI also collaborates with other organizations (e.g., UNFCCC, FAO, UNEP, WRI) to promote the use of the IPCC Guidelines and Software.
Inventory Internship Programme Established and funded as part of Japan's contribution to TFI. Aims to provide young scientists with opportunities to familiarize with the IPCC work on methodologies for national GHG inventories as well as to contribute to the work of TSU through applied studies in relevant inventory-related science. For details, visit the TFI website: http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/tsu/tsuintern.html
Inventory needs and gaps: lessons learnt
Inventory needs and gaps: lessons learnt Training in the use of IPCC Guidelines IPCC Inventory Software Help in using international data-sets Datasets for use in IPCC Guidelines (2009): IPCC-FAO meeting report Mapping of national categories/definitions to IPCC Guidelines categories
Inventory needs and gaps: lessons learnt (2) Help in the use of higher tier methods: Country-specific emission factors/parameters IPCC EFDB Activity data at sufficient resolution/disaggregation Use of models and measurement-based methods IPCC Expert Meeting on Use of Models and Measurements in GHG Inventories (2010) Help in maintaining and archiving inventory information: IPCC Inventory Software
Summary The IPCC produces methodology reports on GHG Inventories as well as assessment reports on climate change. IPCC TFI produces methodological guidance on national GHG inventories (IPCC Guidelines) that are used for reporting to the UNFCCC, and the Software implementing them. IPCC TFI has developed a variety of products to support the use of as part of it mandate is to promote the use of the IPCC Guidelines.
Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Thank you IPCC Inventory Software & IPCC Guidelines can be downloaded from http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp