University of Novi Sad Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia IV International Conference Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection (IIZS 2014) Proceedings Zrenjanin, 15 th October 2014.
IN COOPERATION WITH PARTNERS: UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, KRAKOW, POLAND UNIVERSITY «St. KLIMENT OHRIDSKI«, TECHNICAL FACULTY, BITOLA, MACEDONIA UNIVERSITY POLITEHNICA TIMISOARA, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, HUNEDOARA, ROMANIA AUREL VLAICU UNIVERSITY OF ARAD, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, ARAD, ROMANIA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY-SOFIA, PLOVDIV BRANCH, THE FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, PLOVDIV, BULGARIA UNIVERSITY OF EAST SARAJEVO, FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING EAST SARAJEVO, B&H, REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA UNIVERSITY OF NIŠ, FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, NIŠ, SERBIA
IV International Conference - Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection (IIZS 2014) Organizer of the Conference: Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, University of Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia Reviewers: Ph.D James G. Speight, CD&W Inc., Laramie, Wyoming, USA Ph.D Slawomir Kurpaska, Professor, University of Agriculture in Krakow Institute of Agricultural, Engineering and Informatics Ph.D Dragiša Tolmač, Professor, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Ph.D Miroslav Lambić, Professor, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Publisher: Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, University of Novi Sad For publisher: Ph.D Milan Pavlović, Dean of Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Technical treatment: Ivan Palinkaš, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Ph.D Eleonora Desnica, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Ph.D Ljiljana Radovanović, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia MSc. Jasmina Pekez, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Design: MSc. Stanislava Sinđelić, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Lecturer: MSc. Dragica Ivin, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia Printed by: Printig office»diginet ProStudio«, Zrenjanin Circulation: 100 ISBN: 978-86-7672-234-1 CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији Библиотека Матице српске, Нови Сад 62:005.3(082) 502/504(082) INTERNATIONAL Conference Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection (4 ; 2014 ; Zrenjanin) Proceedings / IV International Conference Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection (IIZS 2014), Zrenjanin, 15th October 2014. ; [organizer] Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin. - Zrenjanin : Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", 2014 (Zrenjanin : Diginet). - 429 str. : ilustr. ; 30 cm Tiraž 100. - Bibliografija uz svaki rad. ISBN 978-86-7672-234-1 1. Technical faculty "Mihajlo Pupin" (Zrenjanin) a) Индустријско инжењерство - Зборници b) Животна средина - Заштита - Зборници COBISS.SR-ID 290244871
Scientific Committee: Ph.D Dragiša Tolmač, President, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D James G. Speight, CD&W Inc., Laramie,Wyoming, USA Ph.D Slawomir Kurpaska, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland Ph.D Miroslav Lambić, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D Uroš Karadžić, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Podgorica, Montenegro Ph.D Dimitar G. Petrov, Technical University Sofia, branch Plovdiv, Bulgaria Ph.D Živoslav Adamović, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D Valentina Emilia Balas, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Faculty of Engineering, Arad, Romania Ph.D Slavica Prvulović, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D Vincenc Butala, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Ph.D Ivo Čala, Polytechnic of Zagreb, Croatia Ph.D Slobodan Stojadinović, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D Mirko Soković, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia Ph.D Nicolae Farbas, National R & D Institute of Welding and Material Testing, Romania Ph.D Zlatko Lacković, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Osijek, Croatia Ph.D Vangelce Mitrevski, University St. Kliment Ohridski, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bitola, Macedonia Ph.D Tale Geramitcioski, University St. Kliment Ohridski, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Bitola, Macedonia Ph.D Bojan Podgornik, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ljubljana Slovenia Ph.D Eleonora Desnica, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph. D Ljiljana Radovanović, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D Imre Kiss, Faculty of engineering, Hunedoara, Romania Ph.D Miroslav Stanojević, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia Ph.D Jasmina Radosavljević, Faculty of Occupational Safety, Niš, Serbia Ph.D Mladen Stojiljković, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Niš, Serbia Ph.D Miodrag Stojiljković, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Niš, Serbia Ph.D Snežana Dragićević, Technical Faculty, Čačak, Serbia Ph. D Ivona Radović, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia Ph.D Aleksandar Petrović, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia Ph.D Radivoj Topić, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia Ph.D Biljana Gemović, The Higher Education Technical School of Professional Studies, Novi Sad Ph.D Vlastimir Nikolić, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Niš, Serbia Ph.D Peđa Milosavljević, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Niš, Serbia MSc. Jasmina Pekez, Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, Serbia Ph.D Mirjana Kijevčanin, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia Ph.D Miloš Tešić, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia Ph.D Miladin Brkić, Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad, Serbia Organizing Committee: Ph.D Dragiša Tolmač, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin, President Ph.D Živoslav Adamović, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Ph.D Miroslav Lambić, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Ph.D Slobodan Stojadinović, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Ph.D Slavica Prvulović, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Ph.D Eleonora Desnica, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Ph.D Ljiljana Radovanović, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin MSc. Jasmina Pekez, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Jasna Tolmač, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin Ivan Palinkaš, Technical faculty Mihajlo Pupin, Zrenjanin
INTRODUCTION Departments of Mechanical engineering and General Technical Sciences, at Technical Faculty "Mihajlo Pupin", Zrenjanin, organized three international conferences: 1.»PTEP 2011 - Process Technology and Environmental Protection», 2. «IIZS 2012 - Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection», 3. «IIZS 2013 - Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection», 4. «IIZS 2014 - Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection». Industrial engineering is a field of technique, which includes the processes and procedures, plants, machinery and equipment used in manufacturing final products in different industries. The task of industrial engineers is that on the basis of theoretical and practical knowledge, solve specific problems in engineering practice, and the development of technology in the field of industrial production process. The theme of scientific conference «IIZS 2014», covers the fields of industrial engineering, which are defined in the program of the conference, such as: Process technology, Engineering, Environmental protection, Health and safety, Manufacturing technology and materials, Machinery maintenance, Design and maintenance of process plants, Oil and gas industry, Basic operations, Machines and processes, Information technology and engineering education, Biotechnology, Reengineering and project management. The main goals of the conference can be indentified here: innovation and expansion of knowledge engineers in industry and environmental protection; support to researchers in presenting the actual results of research projects, establishing new contacts with leading national and international institutions and universities; popularization of the faculty and its leading role in our society and the immediate environment, in order to attract quality young population for studing at our faculty, cooperation with other organizations, public companies and industry; initiative for collecting ideas in solving specific practical problems; interconnection and business contacts; introducing professional and business organizations with results of scientific and technical research; presentation of scientific knowledge and exchange of experiences in the field of industrial engineering. We express gratitude to: The partners of the conference University of agriculture, Faculty of agricultural engineering, Krakow, Poland; Technical university-sofia, Plovdiv branch, Faculty of mechanical engineering, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Faculty of engineering, Arad, Romania; University Politehnica Timisoara, Faculty of engineering, Hunedoara, Romania; University of Niš, Faculty of mechanical engineering, Niš, Serbia; University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of mechanical engineering East Sarajevo, B&H, Republic of Srpska; University «St. Kliment Ohridski«, Technical faculty, Bitola, Macedonia, Zrenjanin Town Hall, Regional Chamber of Commerce, The management of Technical Faculty «Mihajlo Pupin», University of Novi Sad,for supporting the organization of the conference «IIZS 2014». We are also grateful to all the authors who have contributed with their works to the organization of the scientific meeting «IIZS 2014». We would like our Conference to become a traditional meeting of researchers, every year. We are open and thankful for all useful suggestions which could contribute that the next, International Conference - Industrial Engineering and Environmental Protection, become better in organizational and program sense. President of the Organizing Committee Prof. Ph.D Dragiša Tolmač Zrenjanin, 15 th October 2014.
Conference participants are from the following countries: Serbia United States of America Bulgaria Canada Romania Bosnia and Herzegovina Slovenija FYR Macedonia Croatia Montenegro
CONTENTS Session 1. Process technology and Energy efficiency ANALYSIS OF HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED RIBS USED IN THE GRAPHIC INDUSTRY (Kire Popovski, Cvetanka Mitrevska, Igor Popovski, Blagoj Ristovski)... 3 EXPERIMENTAL KINETICS IN PILOT SCALE HEAT PUMP DRYING OF GREEN PEAS (Stefan Jovanović, Jelena Janevski, Mladen Stojiljković, Branislav Stojanović)... 9 RESULTS FROM THE ENERGY AUDIT OF THE HIGH SCHOOL DORM MIRKA GINOVA - BITOLA (Vladimir Mijakovski, Tale Geramitcioski, Vangelce Mitrevski)... 16 SMEs IN THE FUNCTION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITH ASPECT OF THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY (Vlado Medaković, Srđan Vasković)... 22 JUSTIFICATION FOR USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN SERBIA Mila Zakin, Ljiljana Radovanović, Ena Ramić, Una Tasovac, Olivera Paunović... 28 UNIVERSAL SUPER ABSORBING AIR FILTER YXV AIR BY CORNELIU (Sorin Raţiu, Vasile Alexa, Corneliu Birtok-Băneasă, Imre Kiss)... 34 ESTIMATION OF GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION IN SERBIA (Snežana Dragićević)... 40 DEGRADATION OF POLYMER TRANSPARENTS COVER FLAT-PLAT SOLAR COLLECTORS (Jasmina Pekez, Miroslav Lambić, Ivan Palinkaš)... 46 SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES IN PRACTICE (Jasmina Pekez, Miroslav Lambić, Novica Pavlović)... 50 Session 2. Engineering environmental protection and safety at work BUILDINGS ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND RELATED CO2 EMISSIONS (Igor Andreevski, Vangelce Mitrevski, Vladimir Mijakovski)... 55 CRITERIA FOR GREEN AREAS FORMATION (Jasmina Radosavljević, Ana Vukadinović)... 62 REDUCING EMISSIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLES BY USING BIOFUEL AS PROPULSION FUEL (Zoran Marjanović, Miomir Raos, Jasmina Radosavljević, Ljiljana Živković, Nenad Živković, Emina Mihajlović)... 67 IMPROVING THE WATER COOLING IN COOLING TOWERS BY CHANGING THE PARAMETERS OF WATER AND AIR (Davor Milić, Sanja Stijačić, Dušan Golubović, Stojan Simić, Mirko Dobrnjac, Đorđe Drakulić)... 75 ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY OF CERTIAN WASTE TREATAMENT IN CITY OF NIŠ (Biljana Milutinović, Gordana Stefanović, Ana Momčilović, Marko Ilić, Filip Marinković)... 83 REVIEW OF RELEVANT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY OF RECYCLING CARS (Dragiša Tolmač, Jasna Tolmač, Slavica Prvulović, Milan Pavlović)... 89
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR SCAFFOLDS AND LADDERS (Tale Geramitcioski, Vladimir Mijakovski, Vangelce Mitrevski)... 94 SITUATION REGARDING ACCIDENTS AT WORK IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA (Vangelce Mitrevski, Tale Geramitcioski, Vladimir Mijakovski, Monika Lutovska, Cvetanka Mitrevska)... 102 Session 3. Manufacturing technologies and materials VARIOUS APPROACHES TO DEFINING THE CRITERIA OF DUCTILE CRACK IN COLD BULK FORMING PROCESSES (Milija Kraišnik, Dragiša Vilotić, Leposava Šiđanin, Milentije Stefanović)... 111 COMPARISON OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF WELD METALS IN WELDED JOINTS MADE WITH RUTILE ELECTRODES BASED ON DOMESTIC RAW MATERIALS AND ELECTRODES OF A WELL-KNOWN MANUFACTURER (Mihailo Mrdak, Nikola Bajić, Marko Rakin, Slobodan Stojadinović, Darko Veljić)... 119 APPLICATIONS OF THE RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNOLOGY TO MANUFACTURE INDUSTRIAL PARTS MADE OF PHOTOPOLYMER (Aleksandar Rajic, Eleonora Desnica, Slobodan Stojadinovic, Dorian Nedelcu)... 123 EFFECT OF THE THERMOMECHANICAL TREATMENT ON CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AlMgSi ALLOYS (Slobodan Stojadinović, Jasmina Pekez, Nikola Bajić, Eleonora Desnica)... 131 THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT REGIMES ON THE PROPERTIES OF BIMETALS FOR INDUSTRIAL KNIVES (Rade Katana, Nikola Bajić, Slobodan Stojadinović, Jasmina Pekez)... 135 Session 4. Maintenance DETERMINATION OF LOAD AND LOAD CAPACITY BASED ON DESIRED RELIABILITY (Miroslav Milutinović, Spasoje Trifković)... 141 COMPLEX SYSTEM RELIABILITY MODELLING (SPLIT SISTEM APROACH) (Dragan Milošević, Živoslav Adamović)... 147 RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS (Dragan Milošević, Živoslav Adamović)... 154 APPLICATION OF CORRECTIVE MEASURES FROM THE ASPECT OF INCREASED LEVEL OF RELIABILITY OF CASTING MACHINES UNDER HIGH PRESSURE (Vladimir Trninić, Ljiljana Radovanović, Živoslav Adamović, Rob Decaban)... 159 APPLICATION OF FAILURE MODES AND EFFECTS ANALYSIS METHOD (FMEA) ON CASTING MACHINES UNDER HIGH PRESSURE (Vladimir Trninić, Eleonora Desnica, Živoslav Adamović)... 164 MAINTENANCE AS LOGISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (Miodrag Bulatović)... 168 METHODOLOGY FOR APPLYING THE DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE (DQ) METHOD TO THE FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS (Istvan Kucora, Ljiljana Radovanovic, Zivoslav Adamovic)... 173
MONITORING THE STATE OF THE TECHNICAL OF SYSTEM IN THE EXPLOITATION (Danilo Mikić, Eleonora Desnica, Aleksandar Ašonja, Živoslav Adamović)... 179 Session 5. Design and maintenance of process plants STAND FOR THE STUDY OF VEHICLE BRAKING PHENOMENON: STATIC ANALYSIS OF THE HELICAL COMPRESSION SPRING (Vasile Alexa, Sorin Raţiu, Vasile George Cioată, Imre Kiss)... 191 A SOLAR PASIVE AND ACTIVE DRYER FOR BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS (Topić, M.R., Ćuprić, Lj.N., Aćimović D., Topić, R.G., Mitrović I.)... 195 A DESIGN OF MICROPROCESSOR-BASED CONTROLLER FOR SMALL AUTOMATION (Krassimir Kolev, Ivan Maslinkov)... 201 Session 6. Basic operations, machinery and processes THE ROLLING INDUSTRY: APPROACHES AND TENDENCIES IN THE QUALITY ASSURANCE (Imre Kiss, Vasile Alexa, Vasile George Cioata, Sorin Aurel Ratiu)... 209 INERTIAL CONVERTERS OF TORQUE AND PRELIMINARY CALCULATIONS OF THEIR BASIC PARAMETERS (Dimitar Petrov, Valeri Bakardjiev)... 213 AIR TRANSPORT PLAN OF GRINDED STRAW (Jasna Tolmač)... 218 ANALYSIS OF OPTIONS AND A SUMMARY MEASURE OF PROTECTION AGAINST ORGANIC DUST EXPLOSION IN MANUFACTURING PLANTS (Dragiša Tolmač, Jasna Tolmač, Slavica Prvulović)... 222 EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF EVAPORATION RATES FROM WATER SURFACE OF AN INDOOR SWIMMING POOL (Marko Mančić, Dragoljub Živković, Milena Todorović, Milan Đorđević)... 226 Session 7. Oil and gas industry BIOFUELS: FUTURE BENEFITS AND RISKS (James G. Speight, Ljiljana Radovanović)... 235 CUSTODY TRANSFER METERING AND SAMPLING SOLUTIONS FOR OIL, GAS, PETROL AND CHEMICAL PRODUCTS USING BY BPMN AND HMI APPLICATIONS (Perišić, J., Milovanović, M., Petrović, Ž., Ristić, M., Prokolab, M.)... 241 TANK MANAGEMENT AND CRUDE OIL TRANSPORT SOLUTIONS USING BPMN AND SCADA APPLICATION (Perišić, J., Milovanović, M., Petrović, Ž., Ristić, M., Prokolab, M.)... 252 STATE AND ANALISYS OD LPG MARKET IN CHOSEN COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD (Boris Antić, Željko Roksandić, Dejan Andjelković)... 261 THE EXTENDED FINITE ELEMENT METHOD IN FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTIONS OF OIL WELL WELDED PIPES MADE OF API J55 STEEL (Ljubica Lazić Vulićević, Aleksandar Grbović, Aleksandar Sedmak, Aleksandar Rajić)... 267
Session 8. Computer technologies and engineering education CAD SOFTWARE IN THE FIXTURE DESIGN (Vasile George Cioată, Vasile Alexa, Imre Kiss)... 275 USE OF COMPUTER ANIMATION IN COMPUTER ERGONOMICS (Biljana Gemović, Nataša Subić)... 279 COMPARATIVE FEATURES OF AUTOCAD AND INVENTOR SOFTWARES WITH EARLIER VERSIONS (Ivan Palinkaš, Eleonora Desnica, Duško Letić)... 284 APPLICATION OF 3D PRINTING IN INDUSTRIAL MODELING (Ena Ramić, Dušanka Milanov, Ivan Palinkaš, Edit Terek, Bojana Gligorović)... 289 REVERSE ENGINEERING AND CAD INSPECTION OF KNEE IMPLANT USING THE NOOMEO OPTINUM 3D SCANNER (Aleksandar Rajic, Eleonora Desnica, Slobodan Stojadinovic, Ljubica Lazic-Vulicevic, Spasoje Eric)... 294 Session 9. Biotechnology PARAMETERS OF DIE HOLES ON BIOMASS PELLET PRESS (Košut Z., Gluvakov Z., Igić S.)... 305 MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOMASS PRODUCTION FROM CEREAL STRAW (Jasna Tolmač)... 312 PRESENTATION OF DECLARATION QUALITY OF BIOMASS ENERGY PELLETS (Zorica Gluvakov, Slavica Prvulović, Miladin Brkić, Dragiša Tolmač)... 316 APPLYING THE BDD ELECTRODE IN THE PROCESS OF REMOVING PHARMACEUTICALS BY ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION (Ljiljana Nikolić Bujanović, Milan Čekerevac, Milena Tomić, Mladen Zdravković, Miloš Simičić)... 322 Session 10. Reengineering and project management OUTSORCING IN REALIZATION OF HIGH-RISE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS (Držislav Vidaković, Zlatko Lacković, Daniela Dvornik Perhavec)... 331 RISK MANAGEMENT OF SHAFT BEARING FOR RAILWAY TRANSPORT (Slavica Prvulović, Dragiša Tolmač, Zorica Gluvakov, Marija Matić)... 337 IMPLEMENTATION METHODS FDM FOR DECISION-MAKING IN DESIGN (Ivan Savić, Dragoslav Janošević, Vesna Jovanović, Jovan Pavlović)... 342 APPLICATION OF NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL METHOD WITH LIMIT GRADIENT FOR SOLVING PRACTICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS (Kire Popovski, Cvetanka Mitrevska, Blagoj Ristovski, Igor Popovski)... 348 DECISIONS ABOUT THE CHOICE OF SUPPLIERS WITH AHP METHOD (Vesna Jovanović, Dragoslav Janošević, Jovan Pavlovic)... 352
ARC BOND SPUTTERING EQUIPMENT FOR DEPOSITION OF INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL COATINGS (Chavdar Pashinski, Milko Angelov, Velko Rupetsov, Dimitar Petrov, Petar Shindov, Stefan Dishliev)... 356 Session 11. Process management THE ROLE OF GIS IN ENERGY AUDIT OF PUBLIC LIGHTING (Hrvoje Glavaš, Dalibor Mesarić, Milan Ivanović)... 365 REDUCING THE IMPACT OF SWITCHING VIBRATORY CONVEYOR DEVICE ON A POWER NETWORK (Željko Despotović, Vladimir Šinik, Dalibor Dobrilović)... 371 JUSTIFIABILITY OF EXECUTION OF SERBIAN TELESERVICE IN INDUSTRY (Aleksandar Ašonja, Danilo Mikić, Eleonora Desnica, Živoslav Adamović)... 379 MONITORING COMPONENTS IN POWER PLANTS (Željko Bursać, Živoslav Adamović, Aleksandar Ašonja, Ljiljana Radovanović)... 383 CONTROL OF THE PERMANENT MAGNET LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH FUZZY AND PID REGULATORS (Bojidar Gueorguiev Markov)... 388 PROCESS OF STARTING UP HOT WATER BOILERS ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR (Milena Todorović, Dragoljub Živković, Marko Mančić, Pedja Milosavljević, Dragan Pavlović)... 395 ABOUT THE QUALITY ASSURANCE AND THE QUALITY CONTROL TERMS IN THE ROLLS MANUFACTURING (Imre Kiss, Vasile Alexa, Slobodan Stefanovic)... 401 Session 12. Student papers CAD/CAM TEHNOLOGY IN DESING PACKING (Viktorija Verebeš)... 407 CHEMICAL PREPARATION OF WATER MLEKOPRODUKT DOO ZRENJANIN (Zoran Kovač, Dušan Kojčić)... 412 EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES FOR STERILIZATION (Viktorija Filipov, Aleksandra Felbab, Ivan Palinkaš)... 418 SOLAR CELL MATERIALS (Viktorija Filipov, Aleksandra Felbab, Jasmina Pekez)... 424
IV International Conference Industrial Engineering And Environmental Protection 2014 (IIZS 2014) October 15 th, 2014, Zrenjanin, Serbia THE ROLE OF GIS IN ENERGY AUDIT OF PUBLIC LIGHTING Hrvoje Glavaš 1, Dalibor Mesarić 1, Milan Ivanović 2 1 Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Osijek, Croatia 2 PANON - Think-tank for Strategic Studies, Osijek, Croatia e-mail: hrvoje.glavas@etfos.hr Abstract: Public lighting is a small but very important part of electricity consumption in every country. Energy audit of public lighting is one way of fulfilling energy policy of EU and is a legal obligation in Croatia since 2014. The audit must be conducted every 5 years according to the Ordinance on energy audits of buildings and energy certification of buildings which regulates the obligation to conduct energy audits of public lighting. Auditing is done according to the national methodology for energy audits of buildings. Geographic Information System is not specified as a tool for energy audit but in practice it is very useful. This paper describes the usage of open source GIS tools in energy auditing of public lighting system. Key words: energy audit, GIS, public lighting system INTRODUCTION Public lighting (PL) is a very important part of electricity consumption in every country. PL has an aspect of security, because it provides visual conditions which ensure normal transport and communication in public traffic areas. Furthermore, a very specific aspect of PL is providing the psychological and physical safety of people and property. Another aspect of PL importance is generation of specific aesthetic atmosphere and attractiveness of inhabited areas (illumination of squares, parks, buildings and monuments) [1]. Public lighting represents 0.1 percent of total energy consumption, but its significance is far greater than the modest energy representation. Street lighting must meet criteria to ensure visibility, visual comfort and energy efficiency that must be considered in the designing process. Requirements for public lighting, especially road lighting are defined with EN 13201 [2]. As an example for the writing of this paper, the energy audit of a small lighting system with four supply point and 135 lamps was taken. In order to prepare a report on the conducted energy audit, GIS tool was used for mapping of system components. Energy audit conducted according to methodology includes: gathering basic information about the user, the analysis of available project documentation, a description of the public lighting system with mapping of the existing installation, measuring the existing light quantities, measuring electrical quantities, the analysis of energy consumption bills and proposal for measures to improve energy efficiency. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ON PUBLIC LIGHTING The basic aspects of PL can be divided into three areas: 1. Functionality - the primary function is to provide the minimum required uniform illumination values without discomfort glare; 2. Aesthetics -the play of light and shadow creates a special atmosphere; 3. Cost-effectiveness - the total cost includes the cost of construction, design, management, maintenance and energy required for the unobstructed operation. PL Functionality Functionality refers to obtaining luminance levels, luminance uniformity, degree of glare limitation, lamp spectra and effectiveness of the visual guidance. Level of luminance isn't important as uniformity and spectra, because of scotopic/photopic characteristics of the eye [2]. 365
IV International Conference Industrial Engineering And Environmental Protection 2014 (IIZS 2014) October 15 th, 2014, Zrenjanin, Serbia Cost-effectiveness Cost-effective criteria is based on the efficiency of the used light source. Classic light sources (based on incandescent) are gradually eliminated in the EU (the Directive on Energy Efficiency). There is a large variety of modern light sources on the market. For PL purposes, the following contemporary light sources are available: - High-pressure sodium (HPS) 80-140 lm/w, CRI 20-30; 1900-2800 K, life time 10,000-24,000h - Metal-halide lamp 100 lm/w, CRI 68, 4000-5000 K, life time 20.000h - Mercury-vapour lamp (abandoning technology) 30-60 lm/w, CRI 20-60, 6800 K life time 20,000 - Fluorescent 45-105 lm/w, CRI 65-75, life time 10,000-45,000h - LED/OLED 115 lm/w, CRI 65-75, 6500 K, life time - 50,000h - Light Emitting Plasma HEP/LEP 120 lm/w, CRI 75-90, 5600 K, life time 50,000h Color Rendering Index (CRI) is a measurement of a light source's accuracy in rendering different colors. Requirements which are placed on the lamp are in compliance with standards, proper distribution of the light output, glare limitation (through shaping and shading, the cut-off, semi cut-off, not cut off) and mechanical consistency [1]. MAPPING OF PL There are numerous ways to map installation, the easiest one is to use GSM smart phone with GPS. Accuracy of public GPS systems is in the range of 3 to 10 meters. In areas with distance between lamps of 30 meters, this is quite satisfactory. Mapping of existing installation is done with Android Open Street Map tracker application which exports data in GPX format with waypoints that we entered during audit [3]. Small change is made in the optional xml file (more info in [4]) to provide the necessary menu entries for PL, as can be seen in Fig. 1. Figure 1. OpenStreetMap tracker layout, mapped PL system and mapped details We found that layouts customization should be done after walk-through audit in order to ensure optimal layout menu that matches with the system elements on field. During tracking it is important not to enter elements twice and to check that tapped element is correctly entered (wait for the confirmation). After finishing mapping we can upload data to open street map server or download the GPX file on computer. 366
IV International Conference Industrial Engineering And Environmental Protection 2014 (IIZS 2014) October 15 th, 2014, Zrenjanin, Serbia GIS data processing Data collected by mapping is exported (in GPX file) as the GPS Exchange Format that can be reviewed as a text but it is more useful to use GIS editor. In Fig. 2. we can see waypoints for collected data: latitude, longitude, elevation, time and name of waypoint. Name reveals type of lamp, High Pressure Sodium, power of lamp 150 W, producer of lamp, power supply through self supporting cable bundle SKS and height of the concrete pillar. There are other data in the GPX file, but for the energy audit, waypoint are data that we entered through OpenStreetMap tracker layout. Figure 2. Insight into the GPX file Benefit of GIS usage can be seen when we open GPX file in GIS editor. For this propose we used QGIS a free and open source Geographic Information System [5]. We could use JOSM, an extensible editor for OpenStreetMap (OSM) written in Java, but QGIS provides much more for further PL analysis. On Fig. 3. it can be seen open GPX file. Figure 3. Data from GPX file in QGIS 367
IV International Conference Industrial Engineering And Environmental Protection 2014 (IIZS 2014) October 15 th, 2014, Zrenjanin, Serbia Entering in attribute table of waypoints and grouping according to the attributes new layers can be made as presented on Fig. 4. Comparing Fig. 3 and 4., we can notice that some elements are missing, better to say we did not see lamps in two side streets during first round of mapping. In the second round, they are mapped and merged with existing records. Figure 4. Newly created layers with lamps types and position Highlighted layers on the left side contain position of three type of lamps that we accounted during the audit. As can be read, there are 6 Philips Iridum, 105 TEP LVC-06E and 24 TEP LVC-06TL lamps installed in the system. In order to define zones of lighting, electrical measures were made in supply points. In order to define zones of lighting, electrical measures were made in transformer stations on all PL lines. During measurement on active line, active lamps are marked visually in order to define zone of lighting. Energy balance must be determined, measured power in supply point must correspond to the consumption of active lamps. It is important to note two things. First, measurement must be performed when the system enters the steady state, 6-12 minutes after switching on depending on the type of lamps. Second, while analyzing energy balance consumption, ballast and all possible losses must be taken into account. After measurement, we come to the situation shown in Fig. 5. newly created layers with supply points and PL zones. Once becoming familiar with the system, its zones and electricity consumption, the only thing remaining is to determine the light levels on road surface. Measurements must be conducted during night while system is in function and traffic is minimal. Data obtained by measurements of illumination is mapped in order to determine position of lamps with failure or poor maintaining. Fig. 5. presents lighting levels in lx measured on road surface. as we can see from Fig. 6. every second lamp is out of function due to savings of electricity. Turning off every second lamp is not a recommended measure, because a decrease of luminance uniformity results in a longer time required to spot objects on road. 368
IV International Conference Industrial Engineering And Environmental Protection 2014 (IIZS 2014) October 15 th, 2014, Zrenjanin, Serbia Figure 5. Newly created layers with supply points and PL zones Figure 6. Layers with illumination measurement data In addition to the usage presented above, GIS can be used for geo-tagging of photo documentation, which is an integral part of every energy audit. Easiest way is to use camera with GPS but pictures can be added manualy on mapped lamps. Fig. 7. presents photos taken with camera that have integrated GPS. Documented lamps on picture represents position of poorly maintained lamps. 369
IV International Conference Industrial Engineering And Environmental Protection 2014 (IIZS 2014) October 15 th, 2014, Zrenjanin, Serbia CONCLUSION Figure 7. Layers with illumination measurement data Public lighting is important because it provides visual conditions for normal transport and communications in public traffic areas. In Croatia, the Act on Energy Efficiency in Direct Consumption is an ordinance on energy audits of buildings and energy certification of buildings. The ordinance lays down the obligation to conduct energy audits of public lighting every 5 years. An energy audit is a systematic process of acquiring the appropriate knowledge about existing energy consumption, and can be performed only by an authorized physical person or legal entity. PL infrastructure includes: lamp posts, lighting fixtures, light sources and management system. Mapping of the lighting system is the easiest way to conduct energy audit of PL because collected data is momentary digitalized. REFERENCES [1] Hrvoje Glavaš, Milan Ivanović, Niko Mandić: ''Energy Audit of Public Lighting in the Area of Osijek-Baranja County (Croatia)'', EnergyCon 2014 - IEEE, Dubrovnik, 2014 [2] Hrvoje Glavaš, Tomislav Barić, Tomislav Keser: ''Energy Efficiency Criterion Of Street Lights'' 34th Conference on Transportation Systems with International Participation ''Automation In Transportation 2014'', Dubrovnik, 2014 [3] http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/osmtracker_(android) [4] https://code.google.com/p/osmtracker-android/wiki/custombuttonslayouts [5] http://www.qgis.org/en/site/ 370