Activity 4 Long-Term Effects of Drug Addiction
|
|
- Karen Merritt
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Activity 4 Long-Term Effects of Drug Addiction Core Concept: Addictive drugs may lead to long-term changes in brain function. Class time required: Approximately minutes Teacher Provides: Copy of student handout entitled Long-term Effects of Drug Addiction for each student. COLOR copies of PET scans, Figures and. One copy per student. These may be laminated or placed in sheet protectors for use with multiple classes. Safety goggles for each student Kit of lab materials for each team of - students that includes: o o o o o Microtube containing ml of ph 0 buffer labeled RNA NO drug abuse Microtube containing ml of ph 0 buffer labeled RNA Drug Abuse Disposable plastic dropper labeled RNA NO drug abuse Disposable plastic dropper labeled RNA Drug abuse Half sheet with papers for spotting RNA for rats that were exposed and not exposed to drugs. See page 4. Print on card stock. Use a cotton swab to apply small spots of a % solution of phenolphthalein (Wards Natural Science, catalog # 95 V 504) to the gene spots on the microarrays (NOTE: The pink circles below show you where to apply the spots of phenolphthalein solution): Use for RNA from a rat that was NOT exposed to drugs Use for RNA from a rat that was EXPOSED to drugs and is now drug free This project was generously funded by Science Education Drug Abuse Partnership Award R5DA0697 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute on Drug Abuse or the National Institutes of Health.
2 Quick Guide:
3 Suggested Class Procedure:. Explain to students that this activity is a simulation. NO real drugs are used in this activity.. Distribute copies of the student handout entitled Long-term Effects of Drug Addiction and Figures and PET Scans to each student.. Read the information in the Part box aloud to the class. Students should complete the questions in Part and then share their answers. 4. Read the information in the first box in Part aloud to the class and ask students to complete question. 5. Read the information in the first box in Part aloud to the class and ask students to complete question. If the concept of gene expression has not been introduced in prior instruction, consider discussing the information with your students before they begin the hands-on activity. Refer to the information and illustration on page. If the concept of RNA binding to complementary DNA has not been introduced in prior instruction, consider discussing the information with your students before they begin the hands-on activity. Refer to the information and illustration on page Note: Knowledge of DNA and RNA and genes is helpful but not essential for Part. If students have not had prior instruction in molecular genetics, you may need to provide additional support as students work on Part. 7. Distribute safety goggles and kits of lab materials to teams of students. Ask students to complete Part. Encourage the students to refer to the information on pages 4-5. when they are answering questions in the lab instructions. 8. If time permits, have students share and discuss their answers to the questions in Part and Part. Possible additional questions for discussion in class might include: Why do scientists use rats, rather than humans, for these experiments? Does the information from these rat experiments also apply to drug addiction in humans?
4 Use for RNA from a rat that was NOT exposed to drugs Rat Genes spotted on the paper: Use for RNA from a rat that was EXPOSED to drugs and is now drug free Gene: Makes an enzyme that is needed for the synthesis of dopamine Gene : Makes a dopamine Receptor protein Gene : Makes an enzyme that triggers programmed brain cell death Use for RNA from a rat that was NOT exposed to drugs Rat Genes spotted on the paper: Gene: Makes an enzyme that is needed for the synthesis of dopamine Use for RNA from a rat that was EXPOSED to drugs and is now drug free Gene : Makes a dopamine Receptor protein Gene : Makes an enzyme that triggers programmed brain cell death 4
5 Figure : PET Scans of Metabolism of Brains and Hearts Healthy heart Brain of person who does not use drugs Heart disease Brain of person who has abused drugs Glucose metabolism is the respiration of glucose to produce ATP for life activities. Red and yyeelllloow w areas indicate regions of high glucose metabolism. Green areas indicate regions of medium glucose metabolism. Blue and purple areas indicate regions of low glucose metabolism. 5
6 Figure : PET Scans of Brains Never Abused Drugs HIGH High glucose Metabolism metabolism (use of glucose to produce energy for life activities) Abused Drugs then stopped using drugs for 0 DAYS Abused Drugs then stopped using drugs for 00 days LOW glucose metabolism (use Low of glucose to Metabolism produce energy for life activities) Source: modified from Glucose metabolism is the respiration of glucose to produce ATP for life activities. Red and yellllow areas indicate regions of high glucose metabolism. Green areas indicate regions of medium glucose metabolism. Blue and purple areas indicate regions of low glucose metabolism. 6
7 Part : Addiction is a chronic disease Activity 4 Long-Term Effects of Drug Addiction Drug addiction is considered a chronic brain disease because drugs cause long-lasting changes in brain structure and function. Addiction is similar to other chronic (long lasting) diseases, such as heart disease. Both disrupt the normal, healthy functioning of an organ. Both drug addiction and heart disease may be prevented or treated but they cannot be cured. In most cases, chronic diseases cause long-term changes in body functions and will require a lifetime of regular treatment. A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a medical test that helps doctors identify abnormal from normal functioning organs and tissues. A PET scan can measure such vital functions as glucose metabolism - the use of sugar to produce energy for life activities. This information can help doctors determine whether organs are healthy or diseased.. Both drug addiction and heart disease are chronic diseases. What is meant by the term chronic disease? A chronic disease is one that can be controlled, but not cured. In most cases, a chronic disease cause long-term changes in body functions and will require a lifetime of regular treatment.. The top half of Figure shows PET scans for the heart of a healthy person (on the left) and for a person with heart disease (on the right). Refer to the color scale for glucose metabolism shown on the bottom of Figure. Compare the metabolism of a healthy heart with the metabolism of a diseased heart. The healthy heart has more red and yellow active regions. The metabolism in healthy hearts is higher than the metabolism in the diseased hearts. In a PET scan: Red and yellow indicate more active regions with high metabolism (high use of food and oxygen to produce ATP needed for life activities). Blue and purple indicate less active regions with low metabolism (low use of food and oxygen to produce ATP needed for life activities). 7
8 4. The bottom half of Figure shows PET scans for the brain of a person who does not use drugs and for a person who has abused drugs. Compare the glucose metabolism levels in the brains of the person who did not use drugs and the person who abused drugs. The metabolism in brain of a drug user is higher than the metabolism in a person who abused drugs. 5. Explain three ways in which heart disease and drug addiction are similar. Both heart disease and drug addiction: Disrupt normal, healthy functioning of organs Have serious harmful consequences if left untreated Are preventable Are treatable Decrease organ metabolism Part : Drug abuse causes long-term changes in brain function Scientists would like to know whether the brain can recover from drug addiction. They can use PET scan studies and gene studies to determine whether the brain returns to normal when an individual stops abusing drugs. A. PET Scan Studies Scientists can use PET scans to determine if drug addiction results in long-term changes to the brain. Figure shows PET scans from: individuals who never abused drugs individuals who abused drugs for 6 months and then stopped using drugs for 0 days individuals who abused drugs for 6 months and then stopped using drugs for 00 days. Based on the information in the brain PET scan photos, what conclusions can you draw? Drug abusers showed some improvement in brain function after 0 days, but their brains were not completely back to normal after 00 days. 8
9 B. Gene Expression Studies Cells contain thousands of different genes. Not all of these genes are active (turned on) at any one time. Some genes are expressed (turned on) and others are silenced (turned off). Environmental factors, such as drugs, can influence which genes are expressed or silenced. Scientists suspect that the long-lasting changes in brain function associated with drug abuse may be due to changes in gene expression in brain cells. If scientists can identify which genes are affected by long-term drug abuse, they may be able to use this information to develop treatments that could be used to restore normal brain functions.. Scientists identified three genes that they hypothesized might be responsible for the long-term brain damage in drug abusers. They placed spots of DNA from these three genes on a strip of paper. Rat Genes spotted on the paper: Gene : Makes an enzyme that is needed for the synthesis of dopamine Gene : Makes a dopamine Receptor protein Gene : Makes an enzyme that triggers programmed brain cell death. The scientists knew that active (expressed genes) produce RNA. Inactive (silenced genes) do not make RNA. 9
10 4. To compare the gene expression in rats that had been exposed to drugs with rats that had not been exposed to drugs, scientists isolated RNA samples from the brains of two types of rats. Rats that were never exposed to drugs: NO Drug Exposure months RNA sample taken from brain cells Rats that were exposed to drugs for months and have been drug free for months: NO Drug Exposure months Drug Exposure months NO Drug Exposure months RNA sample taken from brain cell 5. The RNA molecules in the samples from both types of rats were then labeled with a pink label. If a gene is expressed, the RNA will stick to the corresponding spot on the paper causing a pink color. If a gene is silenced, the RNA will not stick to the corresponding spots on the paper and the spot will remain white. 6. What color would a gene spot be if that gene in a brain cell is being expressed (turned on)? The spot will be pink. 7. Obtain a tube containing RNA from the brain cells of a rat that was NOT exposed to drugs. 8. Use the paper that is labeled Use for RNA from Rat that was NOT exposed to drugs. Place one drop of this RNA onto each of the circles (DNA spots) on the paper. Record your observations in the diagram below. Use for RNA from a rat that was NOT exposed to drugs 9. List the numbers of the genes that are expressed in the brain cells of a rat that was NOT exposed to drugs. Genes and 0
11 0. Obtain a tube containing RNA from the brain cells of a rat that was EXPOSED to drugs and then was drug free. This rat was exposed to drugs in the past, but has been drug-free for months.. Use the paper labeled Use for RNA from Rat that was EXPOSED to drugs. Place one drop of this RNA onto each of the circles (DNA spots) on the paper. Record your observations in the diagram below. Use for RNA from a rat that was EXPOSED to drugs and is now drug free. List the number of the gene that is expressed only in rats that were exposed to drugs. Also describe the function of this gene. Gene : Enzyme involved in programmed cell death Rat Genes spotted on the paper and their functions: Gene: Makes an enzyme that is needed for the synthesis of dopamine Gene : Makes a dopamine Receptor protein Gene : Makes an enzyme that triggers programmed brain cell death. How might expression of this gene affect the functioning of rat brain cells? Expression of this gene could lead to increased brain cell death. 4. List the numbers and the functions of the genes that are silenced only in rats that were exposed to drugs. Enzyme needed for synthesis of dopamine Receptor for dopamine 5. How might silencing of these genes affect the functioning of rat brain cells? The brain cells would not make normal amounts of dopamine or dopamine receptors. This would interfere with the neuron s ability to communicate with other neurons.
12 6. Do the results of your microarray experiments support the conclusion that drug abuse causes long term changes in brain cells? Explain why or why not. Yes, because the rats exposed to drugs expressed different genes. The changes in the genes could lead to decreased ability to respond to rewards and increased brain cell death. 7. Scientists hope to use information from this type of research to develop ways of preventing or treating brain damage that results from drug abuse and addiction. To do this they might try to identify drugs that turn off or turn on the expression of specific genes. What genes would they want to turn on to treat brain damage that results from drug abuse and addiction? Genes and What gene would they want to turn off to treat brain damage that results from drug abuse and addiction? Gene
Long-Term Effects of Drug Addiction
Long-Term Effects of Drug Addiction Part 1: Addiction is a chronic disease Drug addiction is considered a chronic brain disease because drugs cause long-lasting changes in brain structure and function.
More informationClass time required: Two 40-minute class periods + homework. Part 1 may be done as pre-lab homework
Diagnosing Diabetes Teacher information Summary: Students analyze simulated blood plasma samples collected during a glucose tolerance test for diabetes. They test glucose and insulin levels to determine
More informationNerve Cell Communication
Nerve Cell Communication Core Concept: Nerve cells communicate using electrical and chemical signals. Class time required: Approximately 2 forty minute class periods Teacher Provides: For each student
More informationDNA Microarrays (Gene Chips) and Cancer
Cancer Education Project DNA Microarrays (Gene Chips) and Cancer Overview: This series of activities explores the use of DNA Microarray (Gene Chips) technology in investigations to understand the role
More informationLESSON 5.7 WORKBOOK Is addiction a chronic disease?
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS Addiction is a disease idea that states drug addiction is no different from other chronic diseases, like diabetes and heart disease, and thus needs to be treated as a distinct medical
More informationStem Cells. Part 1: What is a Stem Cell?
Stem Cells Part 1: What is a Stem Cell? Stem cells differ from other kinds of cells in the body. When a stem cell divides by mitosis, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become
More informationGene Switches Teacher Information
STO-143 Gene Switches Teacher Information Summary Kit contains How do bacteria turn on and turn off genes? Students model the action of the lac operon that regulates the expression of genes essential for
More informationgreen B 1 ) into a single unit to model the substrate in this reaction. enzyme
Teacher Key Objectives You will use the model pieces in the kit to: Simulate enzymatic actions. Explain enzymatic specificity. Investigate two types of enzyme inhibitors used in regulating enzymatic activity.
More informationHow Does a Doctor Test for AIDS?
Edvo-Kit #S-70 How Does a Doctor Test for AIDS? S-70 Experiment Objective: The Human Immunodefi ciency Virus (HIV) is an infectious agent that causes Acquired Immunodefi ciency Syndrome (AIDS) in humans.
More informationModule 3: Strawberry DNA Extraction
Module 3: Strawberry DNA Extraction Teacher/Leader Target Audience: 7-12 Life Science, Biology, Ag Science Overview: In this lab, students will extract DNA from a strawberry using everyday materials and
More informationNano Ecology. Activity 8: Core Concept: Nanoparticles may disrupt food chains. Class time required: Approximately 40-60 minutes of class time
Activity 8: Nano Ecology Core Concept: Nanoparticles may disrupt food chains. Class time required: Approximately 40-60 minutes of class time Teacher Provides: A copy of student handout Nano Ecology for
More informationHuman Physiology Lab (Biol 236L) Digestive Physiology: Amylase hydrolysis of starch
Human Physiology Lab (Biol 236L) Digestive Physiology: Amylase hydrolysis of starch Introduction Enzymes are proteins composed of amino acid building blocks. Enzymes catalyze or increase the rate of metabolic
More informationSubstance Addiction. A Chronic Brain Disease
Substance Addiction A Chronic Brain Disease What you will Learn Addiction is a Brain Disease Understand the Structure and Pathways Associated with changes in the brain. Addiction is a Chronic Condition
More informationSlide 1: Introduction Introduce the purpose of your presentation. Indicate that you will explain how the brain basically works and how and where
Slide 1: Introduction Introduce the purpose of your presentation. Indicate that you will explain how the brain basically works and how and where drugs such as heroin and cocaine work in the brain. Tell
More information06-6542 n/a MYSTERY OF THE BLOOD STAIN (RE)
DATA SHEET Order code Manufacturer code Description 06-6542 n/a MYSTERY OF THE BLOOD STAIN (RE) The enclosed information is believed to be correct, Information may change without notice due to product
More informationThe Making of the Fittest: Evolving Switches, Evolving Bodies
OVERVIEW MODELING THE REGULATORY SWITCHES OF THE PITX1 GENE IN STICKLEBACK FISH This hands-on activity supports the short film, The Making of the Fittest:, and aims to help students understand eukaryotic
More informationCrime Scenes and Genes
Glossary Agarose Biotechnology Cell Chromosome DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) Electrophoresis Gene Micro-pipette Mutation Nucleotide Nucleus PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) Primer STR (short tandem repeats)
More informationActivity 7.21 Transcription factors
Purpose To consolidate understanding of protein synthesis. To explain the role of transcription factors and hormones in switching genes on and off. Play the transcription initiation complex game Regulation
More informationBacteria vs. Virus: What s the Difference? Grade 11-12
Bacteria vs. Virus: What s the Difference? Grade 11-12 Subject: Biology Topic: Bacteria, viruses, and the differences between them. The role that water plays in spreading bacteria and viruses, and the
More informationElements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Name: Date: Per: Table # Elements & Macromolecules in rganisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight.
More informationCreatine Kinase Activity Colorimetric Assay Kit ABE5487 100 assays; Store at -20 C
Creatine Kinase Activity Colorimetric Assay Kit ABE5487 100 assays; Store at -20 C I. Introduction: Creatine Kinase (CK) also known as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and ATP: creatine N- phosphotransferase
More informationName: Hour: Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms
Name: Hour: Elements & Macromolecules in Organisms Most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. All compounds
More informationDetermination of Specific Nutrients in Various Foods. Abstract. Humans need to consume food compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
Determination of Specific Nutrients in Various Foods Abstract Humans need to consume food compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and vitamins to meet their energy requirements. In this lab, reagents
More informationAppendix 2 Molecular Biology Core Curriculum. Websites and Other Resources
Appendix 2 Molecular Biology Core Curriculum Websites and Other Resources Chapter 1 - The Molecular Basis of Cancer 1. Inside Cancer http://www.insidecancer.org/ From the Dolan DNA Learning Center Cold
More informationWhat Forensics Information Does Blood Typing Provide?
The Biotechnology Education Company EDVO-Kit 191 What Forensics Information Does Blood Typing Provide? See Page 3 for storage instructions. EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE: The objective of this experiment is to
More informationAP Biology 2015 Free-Response Questions
AP Biology 2015 Free-Response Questions College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Central, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. AP Central is the official online home
More information7 Answers to end-of-chapter questions
7 Answers to end-of-chapter questions Multiple choice questions 1 B 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 C 9 B 10 B Structured questions 11 a i Maintenance of a constant internal environment within set limits i Concentration
More informationImmunology Ambassador Guide (updated 2014)
Immunology Ambassador Guide (updated 2014) Immunity and Disease We will talk today about the immune system and how it protects us from disease. Also, we ll learn some unique ways that our immune system
More informationName Date Period PHOTOSYNTHESIS HW REVIEW ENERGY AND LIFE
1 Name Date Period PHOTOSYNTHESIS HW REVIEW ENERGY AND LIFE MULTIPLE CHOICE: CIRCLE ALL THE ANSWERS THAT ARE TRUE. THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE CORRECT ANSWER! 1. Which molecule stores more than 90 times
More informationAcute Myeloid Leukemia
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Introduction Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells. The increased number of these cells leads to overcrowding of healthy blood cells. As a result, the healthy cells are not
More informationCells, tissues and organs
Chapter 8: Cells, tissues and organs Cells: building blocks of life Living things are made of cells. Many of the chemical reactions that keep organisms alive (metabolic functions) take place in cells.
More informationExperiment 10 Enzymes
Experiment 10 Enzymes Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts for biological reactions. Enzymes, like all catalysts, speed up reactions without being used up themselves. They do this by lowering the
More informationDr. Joseph Frascella
Dr. Joseph Frascella WHY YOU CAN T JUST SAY NO : Combatting Drug Addiction is Harder Than You Might Think The frontal areas of the young brain develop last. Those do the more executive function the inhibitory
More informationUsing Family History to Improve Your Health Web Quest Abstract
Web Quest Abstract Students explore the Using Family History to Improve Your Health module on the Genetic Science Learning Center website to complete a web quest. Learning Objectives Chronic diseases such
More informationColor Vision Defects - Color Blindness
Color Vision Defects - Color Blindness Introduction A color vision defect causes a person to see colors differently than most people. Color vision defects are sometimes called color blindness. There are
More informationCells & Cell Organelles
Cells & Cell Organelles The Building Blocks of Life H Biology Types of cells bacteria cells Prokaryote - no organelles Eukaryotes - organelles animal cells plant cells Cell size comparison Animal cell
More informationNevada Department of Education Standards
Blood-Typing Through an experiment with Kool-Aid, students follow the steps of the scientific method to learn about the experimental procedure of blood typing. Grade Level: 5th Objectives: Students will
More informationABO-Rh Blood Typing With Synthetic Blood
70-0101 ABO-Rh Blood Typing With Synthetic Blood Teacher s Manual World-Class Support for Science & Math The ability to type blood is an invaluable tool in the fields of medicine and criminology. Using
More informationPRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS
PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS DNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS B 1. One of the functions of DNA is to A. secrete vacuoles. B. make copies of itself. C. join amino acids to each other.
More informationBreathing and Holding Your Breath copyright, 2005, Dr. Ingrid Waldron and Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania 1
Breathing and Holding Your Breath copyright, 2005, Dr. Ingrid Waldron and Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania 1 Introduction Everybody breathes all day, every day. Why?
More informationDarlene Langhoff St. Thomas More High Ron Gerrits MSOE
Darlene Langhoff St. Thomas More High Ron Gerrits MSOE Investigating the Scene DNA analysis The Findings Crime scene is set up (optional power point ) Tip: Set up crime scene and have students take photos
More informationCarbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen
Concept 1 - Thinking Practice 1. If the following molecules were to undergo a dehydration synthesis reaction, what molecules would result? Circle the parts of each amino acid that will interact and draw
More informationChloroplasts and Mitochondria
Name: KEY Period: Chloroplasts and Mitochondria Plant cells and some Algae contain an organelle called the chloroplast. The chloroplast allows plants to harvest energy from sunlight to carry on a process
More informationRayBio Creatine Kinase (CK) Activity Colorimetric Assay Kit
RayBio Creatine Kinase (CK) Activity Colorimetric Assay Kit User Manual Version 1.0 May 28, 2014 RayBio Creatine Kinase Activity Colorimetric Assay (Cat#: 68CL-CK-S100) RayBiotech, Inc. We Provide You
More informationGreen Fluorescent Protein (GFP): Genetic Transformation, Synthesis and Purification of the Recombinant Protein
Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP): Genetic Transformation, Synthesis and Purification of the Recombinant Protein INTRODUCTION Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) is a novel protein produced by the bioluminescent
More informationEnzymes. A. a lipid B. a protein C. a carbohydrate D. a mineral
Enzymes 1. All cells in multicellular organisms contain thousands of different kinds of enzymes that are specialized to catalyze different chemical reactions. Given this information, which of the following
More informationThymine = orange Adenine = dark green Guanine = purple Cytosine = yellow Uracil = brown
1 DNA Coloring - Transcription & Translation Transcription RNA, Ribonucleic Acid is very similar to DNA. RNA normally exists as a single strand (and not the double stranded double helix of DNA). It contains
More informationName Date Period. Keystone Review Enzymes
Name Date Period Keystone Review Enzymes 1. In order for cells to function properly, the enzymes that they contain must also function properly. What can be inferred using the above information? A. Cells
More information14.3 Studying the Human Genome
14.3 Studying the Human Genome Lesson Objectives Summarize the methods of DNA analysis. State the goals of the Human Genome Project and explain what we have learned so far. Lesson Summary Manipulating
More informationPharmaceutical Biotechnology. Recombinant DNA technology Western blotting and SDS-PAGE
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Recombinant DNA technology Western blotting and SDS-PAGE Recombinant DNA Technology Protein Synthesis Western Blot Western blots allow investigators to determine the molecular
More informationExplain the role of blood and bloodstain patterns in forensics science. Analyze and identify bloodstain patterns by performing bloodstain analysis
Lab 4 Blood Learning Objectives Explain the role of blood and bloodstain patterns in forensics science Analyze and identify bloodstain patterns by performing bloodstain analysis Introduction Blood, a
More informationThe Cranium Connection
Your Brain! The brain is the command center of your body. It controls just about everything you do, even when you are sleeping. Weighing about 3 pounds, the brain is made up of many parts that all work
More information12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity
12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity Only in the last 50 years have scientists understood the role of DNA in heredity. That understanding began with the discovery of DNA s structure. In 1952, Rosalind Franklin
More informationName: Date: Period: DNA Unit: DNA Webquest
Name: Date: Period: DNA Unit: DNA Webquest Part 1 History, DNA Structure, DNA Replication DNA History http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/1/concept/index.html Read the text and answer the following questions.
More informationAddiction and the Brain's Pleasure Pathway: Beyond Willpower
Addiction and the Brain's Pleasure Pathway: Beyond Willpower The human brain is an extraordinarily complex and fine-tuned communications network containing billions of specialized cells (neurons) that
More informationCellular Respiration: Practice Questions #1
Cellular Respiration: Practice Questions #1 1. Which statement best describes one of the events taking place in the chemical reaction? A. Energy is being stored as a result of aerobic respiration. B. Fermentation
More informationAgarose Gel Electrophoresis with Food Color- Teacher Guide
Page 1 of 7 Project Home Gateway to the Project Laboratory Activities What the Project can do in the classroom Biotechnology Resources Favorite resources online and in print Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
More informationThe E. coli Insulin Factory
The E. coli Insulin Factory BACKGROUND Bacteria have not only their normal DNA, they also have pieces of circular DNA called plasmids. Plasmids are a wonderfully ally for biologists who desire to get bacteria
More informationControl of Gene Expression
Control of Gene Expression What is Gene Expression? Gene expression is the process by which informa9on from a gene is used in the synthesis of a func9onal gene product. What is Gene Expression? Figure
More informationPLANT AND ANIMAL CELL ORGANELLES
reflect The heart is an example of an organ. Think for a minute about your body. It s organized into parts that perform specific functions. For example, your heart functions to help transport materials
More informationDiabetes and Your Circulatory System: The story of the lost limbs.
Diabetes and Your Circulatory System: The story of the lost limbs. Dr. Falak Almiladi William H Brown Math and Science Academy IIT Research Mentor: Dr. Eric Brey This material is based upon work supported
More informationLAB TOPIC 4: ENZYMES. Enzyme catalyzed reactions can be expressed in the following way:
LAB TOPIC 4: ENZYMES Objectives Define enzyme and describe the activity of enzymes in cells. Discuss the effects of varying enzyme concentrations on the rate of enzyme activity. Discuss the effects of
More informationEndocrine System: Practice Questions #1
Endocrine System: Practice Questions #1 1. Removing part of gland D would most likely result in A. a decrease in the secretions of other glands B. a decrease in the blood calcium level C. an increase in
More informationB2 1 Cells, Tissues and Organs
B2 Cells, Tissues and Organs 5 minutes 5 marks Page of 7 Q. The diagram shows a bacterium. On the drawing, name the structures labelled A, B, C and D. (Total 4 marks) Q2. (a) The diagrams show cells containing
More informationKeystone Review Practice Test Module A Cells and Cell Processes. 1. Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Keystone Review Practice Test Module A Cells and Cell Processes 1. Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. Ability to store hereditary information b. Use of organelles to control
More information6 Characterization of Casein and Bovine Serum Albumin
6 Characterization of Casein and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Objectives: A) To separate a mixture of casein and bovine serum albumin B) to characterize these proteins based on their solubilities as a function
More informationTHE ACTIVITY OF LACTASE
THE ACTIVITY OF LACTASE Lab VIS-8 From Juniata College Science in Motion Enzymes are protein molecules which act to catalyze the chemical reactions in living things. These chemical reactions make up the
More informationAnalysis of gene expression data. Ulf Leser and Philippe Thomas
Analysis of gene expression data Ulf Leser and Philippe Thomas This Lecture Protein synthesis Microarray Idea Technologies Applications Problems Quality control Normalization Analysis next week! Ulf Leser:
More informationThe Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens. How Sweet It Is: Enzyme Action in Seed Germination
The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens How Sweet It Is: Enzyme Action in Seed Germination Overview This experiment is intended to familiarize students with the macromolecule starch,
More informationTransformation of the bacterium E. coli. using a gene for Green Fluorescent Protein
Transformation of the bacterium E. coli using a gene for Green Fluorescent Protein Background In molecular biology, transformation refers to a form of genetic exchange in which the genetic material carried
More informationBIOLOGY 101 COURSE SYLLABUS FOR FALL 2015
BIOLOGY 101 COURSE SYLLABUS FOR FALL 2015 Course Description Instructor Biology 101 is the first of a two-semester introductory course sequence designed primarily for science majors. It covers some central
More informationInvestigation 2- ENZYME ACTIVITY BACKGROUND catalase Learning Objectives
Investigation 2-13 ENZYME ACTIVITY How do abiotic or biotic factors influence the rates of enzymatic reactions? BACKGROUND Enzymes are the catalysts of biological systems. They speed up chemical reactions
More informationCatalytic Activity of Enzymes
Catalytic Activity of Enzymes Introduction Enzymes are biological molecules that catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions. You could call enzymes the Builders and Do-ers in the cell; without them, life could
More informationBlood-Based Cancer Diagnostics
The Biotechnology Education Company Blood-Based Cancer Diagnostics EDVO-Kit 141 Store entire experiment at room temperature. EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE: The objective of this experiment is to learn and understand
More informationHillsborough Community College - Ybor City Campus 1025C Laboratory Exercise 9: Testing Urine for the Presence of Drugs Introduction
Hillsborough Community College - Ybor City Campus 1025C Laboratory Exercise 9: Testing Urine for the Presence of Drugs Introduction Drug testing beyond the health care and criminal justice systems has
More informationLearning Objectives Drugs disrupt the natural action of neurotransmitters at the synapse. Logistics
Module Abstract An optional worksheet to use in conjunction with the interactive online activity of the same title located in The New Science of Addiction: module on our website (url above). Students analyze
More informationEnzyme Pre-Lab. Using the Enzyme worksheet and Enzyme lab handout answer the Pre-Lab questions the pre-lab must be complete before beginning the lab.
Enzyme Pre-Lab Using the Enzyme worksheet and Enzyme lab handout answer the Pre-Lab questions the pre-lab must be complete before beginning the lab. Background: In this investigation, you will study several
More informationLab 5: DNA Fingerprinting
Lab 5: DNA Fingerprinting You are about to perform a procedure known as DNA fingerprinting. The data obtained may allow you to determine if the samples of DNA that you will be provided with are from the
More informationFigure 5. Energy of activation with and without an enzyme.
Biology 20 Laboratory ENZYMES & CELLULAR RESPIRATION OBJECTIVE To be able to list the general characteristics of enzymes. To study the effects of enzymes on the rate of chemical reactions. To demonstrate
More informationT100. BioTube Rack. Rack is made of 3 components: A white base A removable grid plate that can hold individual or strips of tubes A translucent cover
BiotubeTM System Simport offers a wide choice of racks containing 96 x 1.2 ml tubes (8.8 mm top dia. x 45 mm H, or strips of 8 or 12. Tubes, strips, caps and boxes are available as separate units as well.
More informationParts of the Nerve Cell and Their Functions
Parts of the Nerve Cell and Their Functions Silvia Helena Cardoso, PhD [ 1. Cell body] [2. Neuronal membrane] [3. Dendrites] [4. Axon] [5. Nerve ending] 1. Cell body The cell body (soma) is the factory
More informationGENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF BACTERIA WITH THE GENE FOR GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN (GFP)
GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF BACTERIA WITH THE GENE FOR GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN (GFP) LAB BAC3 Adapted from "Biotechnology Explorer pglo Bacterial Transformation Kit Instruction Manual". (Catalog No. 166-0003-EDU)
More informationTeacher Demo: Photosynthesis and Respiration: Complementary Processes
SNC1D/1P Sustainable Ecosystems/ Sustainable Ecosystems and Human Activity Teacher Demo: Photosynthesis and Respiration: Complementary Processes Topics photosynthesis and respiration gas tests for oxygen
More informationForensic Science Activities Teacher s Guide
470 UCB Boulder, CO 80309-0470 Phone: 303-492-8230, Fax: 303-492-4916, www.colorado.edu/outreach/bsi Sponsored by the University of Colorado at Boulder Forensic Science Activities Teacher s Guide This
More informationSurgery. Wedge resection only part of the lung, not. not a lobe, is removed. Cancer Council NSW
The treatment you receive will depend on your lung cancer type, for example, whether you have a non-small cell lung cancer Adenocarcinoma or Squamous cell carcinoma, and if this is a sub-type with a mutation.
More informationPhotosynthesis and Cellular Respiration. Stored Energy
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Stored Energy What is Photosynthesis? plants convert the energy of sunlight into the energy in the chemical bonds of carbohydrates sugars and starches. SUMMARY EQUATION:
More informationInduction of Enzyme Activity in Bacteria:The Lac Operon. Preparation for Laboratory: Web Tutorial - Lac Operon - submit questions
Induction of Enzyme Activity in Bacteria:The Lac Operon Preparation for Laboratory: Web Tutorial - Lac Operon - submit questions I. Background: For the last week you explored the functioning of the enzyme
More informationChapter 2: Cell Structure and Function pg. 70-107
UNIT 1: Biochemistry Chapter 2: Cell Structure and Function pg. 70-107 Organelles are internal structures that carry out specialized functions, interacting and complementing each other. Animal and plant
More informationMolecular Genetics: Challenges for Statistical Practice. J.K. Lindsey
Molecular Genetics: Challenges for Statistical Practice J.K. Lindsey 1. What is a Microarray? 2. Design Questions 3. Modelling Questions 4. Longitudinal Data 5. Conclusions 1. What is a microarray? A microarray
More informationIIID 14. Biotechnology in Fish Disease Diagnostics: Application of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
IIID 14. Biotechnology in Fish Disease Diagnostics: Application of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Background Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa,
More informationLab # 12: DNA and RNA
115 116 Concepts to be explored: Structure of DNA Nucleotides Amino Acids Proteins Genetic Code Mutation RNA Transcription to RNA Translation to a Protein Figure 12. 1: DNA double helix Introduction Long
More informationIs ATP worth the investment?
Is ATP worth the investment? ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate) can be thought of as the currency of the cell. Most cellular metabolic processes cost a certain amount of ATP in order to happen. Furthermore,
More informationHow To Understand The Human Body
Introduction to Biology and Chemistry Outline I. Introduction to biology A. Definition of biology - Biology is the study of life. B. Characteristics of Life 1. Form and size are characteristic. e.g. A
More informationFighting the Battles: Conducting a Clinical Assay
Fighting the Battles: Conducting a Clinical Assay 6 Vocabulary: In Vitro: studies in biology that are conducted using components of an organism that have been isolated from their usual biological surroundings
More informationRespiration occurs in the mitochondria in cells.
B3 Question Which process occurs in the mitochondria in cells? Why do the liver and muscle cells have large number of mitochondria? What is the function of the ribosomes? Answer Respiration occurs in the
More informationTeacher Guide: Have Your DNA and Eat It Too ACTIVITY OVERVIEW. http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu
ACTIVITY OVERVIEW Abstract: Students build an edible model of DNA while learning basic DNA structure and the rules of base pairing. Module: The Basics and Beyond Prior Knowledge Needed: DNA contains heritable
More informationAN INDICATORS PROBLEM 2004, 2001 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved. Permission for academic use, provided the original copyright is included.
AN INDICATORS PROBLEM 2004, 2001 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved. Permission for academic use, provided the original copyright is included. The following problem is a variation of an acid-base indicators
More informationThe Brain, Behavior, and Addiction. Objectives. Advances in science have revolutionized our fundamental views of drug abuse and addiction.
The Brain, Behavior, and Addiction Flo Hilliard University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Continuing Studies Objectives Progress of science in addiction studies Why it is a brain disease Changing our
More informationSociety of Nuclear Medicine 1850 Samuel Morse Drive Reston, VA 20190-5316 www.snm.org
What is nuclear medicine? Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that is used to diagnose and treat diseases in a safe and painless way. Nuclear medicine procedures permit the determination of medical
More informationReview Questions Photosynthesis
Review Questions Photosynthesis 1. Describe a metabolic pathway. In a factory, labor is divided into small individual jobs. A carmaker, for example, will have one worker install the front windshield, another
More information