Carbon neutral municipalities An innovative Finnish approach to climate change mitigation at local level
|
|
|
- Rosemary Gibson
- 10 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Carbon neutral municipalities An innovative Finnish approach to climate change mitigation at local level Kaarina Toivonen, researcher Finnish Environment Institute SYKE 31 January 2011 Nordic Conference on Sustainable Development in the Baltic Sea Region
2 Five Finnish municipalities act as pioneers and laboratories by working to curb their greenhouse gas emissions ahead of schedule ( 80% by 2030)
3 Finnish Environment Institute SYKE A research institute and a centre of expertise Produces information and solutions promoting ecologically sustainable development
4 Hiilineutraalit kunnat, HINKU = urge, enthusiasm, eagerness, motivation, spirit, craving
5 Municipalities Uusikaupunki: inhabitants, 502 km 2, a small coastal city, industry, wind energy Mynämäki: inhabitants, 522 km 2, agriculture, wind energy Kuhmoinen: inhabitants, 937 km 2, forest resources, summer residents Padasjoki: inhabitants, 731 km 2, forest resources, summer residents Parikkala: inhabitants, 761 km 2, agriculture, forest resources, SMEs Kuhmoinen Parikkala Uusikaupunki Padasjoki Mynämäki
6 Achievements during first two years ( ) Emission inventories Studies on energy efficiency and renewable energy potential Commitment of municipal governments Emission reduction targets A yearly action plan included in the municipal budgets 76 reported measures Support to local companies, organizations and residents Pilot projects, side projects, surveys, events Network of key actors Uusikaupunki as a pioneer: 14 % reduction in two years, 50 % reduction by 2013
7 Improving the carbon footprint of municipal operations: Examples Energy efficiency agreement for municipalities Energy survey in municipal properties Wood fuelled district heating Energy efficient public catering Video conference facilities Etc.
8 Engaging residents in climate change mitigation: Examples Energy advising services Smart electricity metering Discussion events Sustainable development programs for schools Car sharing online service for citizens Etc.
9 Promoting green business Providing tools and guidelines for companies Creating demand for climate friendly technologies and services Case: Sybimar
10 Climate calculator Online Climate diet calculator for citizens produced by SYKE Climate impacts of housing, transportation, foodstuffs, waste, consumption Latest research results for everyone to use
11 Keys to success Climate change mitigation seen as an opportunity Actors build networks and support each other Commitment and resources in municipalities Practical tools and face to face guidance Efficient communication of good practices
12 Partners (1/2) ABB Aina Group Airwecare BaseN Oy Benviroc Biovakka Deloitte Devoi Circle Eagle Tuulivoima Ekovilla Elintarviketeollisuusliitto Energiateollisuus Enespa Fortum Innotek Kalliokaivo Kemira Kesko Kuusakoski Lassila & Tikanoja Microsoft Muovitech Finland MW Power Naps Systems Nokia Siemens Networks Nordic AC/Hi Log Oversol Paroc Posira PricewaterhouseCoopers Finland Raisio RemoteMX Savumax Schneider Electric Skaala Ikkunat ja Ovet Solutions Space St1 Suomen Lämpöpumpputekniikka Sybimar Turun Osuuskauppa Vacon Vahterus Vakka Suomen Voima Vapo Vattenfall Veikkaus Windside Production Winwind Yara YIT
13 Partners (2/2) Aalto University Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities Confederation of Finnish Industries EK Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation Finnish Meteorological Institute Geological Survey of Finland Lappeenranta University of Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of Employment and Economy Ministry of the Environment Ministry of Transport and Communications Motiva MTT Agrifood Research Finland National Consumer Research Centre No Emission Monday Support group in the Parliament Tampere University of Technology University of Eastern Finland University of Jyväskylä VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland WWF Finland
14 Towards a carbon neutral society HINKU is expanding to several new municipalities 5 7 neighbouring municipalities Expression of interest so far by 5 other municipalities including the city of Lahti with about inhabitants
15 Thank you!
Co-operative, Industry Driven R&D&I for Energy and Environment. Antti Tumelius CLEEN Oy
Co-operative, Industry Driven R&D&I for Energy and Environment Antti Tumelius CLEEN Oy Objectives for a SHOK (Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation) Renewal of Finnish innovation system
Opportunities for industry - perspective of CLEEN Ltd
Opportunities for industry - perspective of CLEEN Ltd Photonics Finland - teollisuuspäivä 14 th of June, 2013 Teija Laitinen CLEEN Ltd SHOKs Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation Energy
Lappeenranta Climate Capital of FINLAND
Lappeenranta Climate Capital of FINLAND WWF Earth Hour City Capital Lappeenranta was among the best 14 cities in the world in WWF City Challenge 26.3.2014 A competition of cities actions in mitigating
Strategic Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Energy and Environment CLEEN Oy. Tommy Jacobson CLEEN Oy. 15 th of October, 2009
Strategic Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Energy and Environment CLEEN Oy Tommy Jacobson CLEEN Oy 15 th of October, 2009 CONTENTS Centres for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI/SHOK)
NEW NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNIT IN FINLAND ACCEPTED BY THE FINNISH PARLIAMENT
International Conference Nuclear Energy for New Europe 2002 Kranjska Gora, Slovenia, September 9-12, 2002 www.drustvo-js.si/gora2002 NEW NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNIT IN FINLAND ACCEPTED BY THE FINNISH PARLIAMENT
How To Create A Global Energy And Environment Research And Development (Cleen) Project
Introduction to the Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation for Energy and Environment CLEEN Ltd 3 rd of September, 2012 Tommy Jacobson CEO 3rd of September, 2012 Dr. Tommy Jacobson 1 Limited Company
Energy story of Turku region, history and future
Energy story of Turku region, history and future Jari Kuivanen Heat / Turku Energy Finnish-Russian Energy Days 20.11.2013 1 Turku Energia nergy for life, residential living and entrepreneurship Turku Energia
Uusiutuvien teknologioiden kehittäminen yhteistyössä partnereiden kanssa
Uusiutuvien teknologioiden kehittäminen yhteistyössä partnereiden kanssa Jussi Mäntyniemi Technology and R&D Director Valmet Valmet s technology and services offering Transforming renewable raw materials
Valmet biotechnologies and pyrolysis status update. Joakim Autio Product manager, Pyrolysis systems Valmet
Valmet biotechnologies and pyrolysis status update Joakim Autio Product manager, Pyrolysis systems Valmet Presentation outline 1 2 3 Valmet biotechnologies Pyrolysis development background Demonstration
The new waste burning investment in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area
The new waste burning investment in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area Vantaa Energy, Project Director Pekka Karjalainen 15.1.2010 / PK The Vantaa Energy Group Vantaa Energy Ltd Vantaa Energy Electricity Networks
GASIFICATION FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE FINNISH FOREST INDUSTRY
GASIFICATION FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE FINNISH FOREST INDUSTRY SVENSKT GASTEKNISKT CENTER AB INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON GASIFICATION GÖTEBORG 17.10.2013 PhD Juha Fiskari OUTLINE FOREST RESOURCES IN FINLAND
Itella s principles of environmental accounting
1 (9) Itella s principles of environmental accounting 2 (9) Table of Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Carbon dioxide emissions of owh vehicles, EN16 3 3 Direct and indirect energy consumption, EN3 and EN4 4
TOWARDS smart specialisation ERDF PROGRAMME FOR SOUTHERN FINLAND 2007 2013 PRIORITY AXIS 5
TOWARDS smart specialisation ERDF PROGRAMME FOR SOUTHERN FINLAND 2007 2013 PRIORITY AXIS 5 contents EDITORIAL 3 EVALUATION 4 Airport Concepts 6 Lead partner: Vantaa Innovation Institute Ltd MATERIAL EFFICIENCY
Energy Efficiency Agreement between the Ministry of Trade and Industry and the Municipality of (2008 2016)
Dnro 7202/804/2008 Unofficial translation Energy Efficiency Agreement between the Ministry of Trade and Industry and the Municipality of (2008 2016) 1 The starting points and grounds for the agreement
Corporate Transparency Sustainability Reporting 2020
Corporate Transparency Sustainability Reporting 2020 Teresa Fogelberg, Deputy Chief Executive Yritysvastuun ajankohtaiset asiat, June 2, 2014 Making sense of sustainability What is sustainability reporting?
Content. Research highlights and demonstrations
Content SGEM Overview Cleen Ltd Smart Grids is changing the way we do business Consortium and key facts Connection to other SG activities and standardization Phased evolution approach build on the Finnish
Climate Commitments and Planning Actions in the City of Helsinki
Climate Commitments and Planning Actions in the City of Helsinki NOWA ENERGIA Smart Grid - Smart City Bielsko-Biała 13.9.2011 Katri Kuusinen Topics of the presentation Facts about Helsinki Energy Efficiency
www.watman.fi www.ekomuovi.fi
www.watman.fi www.ekomuovi.fi Finnish Water and Soil Remediation Technologies Seminar Tekes & Ladec Cleantech Roadshow for Jiangsu Sibelius Hall, Lahti Finland 13.06.2013 WatMan Engineering Ltd Oy WATMAN
How To Make A Gas Available In Finnish Power Plants
GAS AS A PART OF SMART ENERGY SYSTEM GASUM GAS FUND DAY, DECEMBER 17 TH 2014 19.12.2014 Gasum Sari Siitonen 2 Natural gas demand is expected to grow significantly by 2040 19.12.2014 Gasum Sari Siitonen
Columbus State Community College. Climate Action Plan
Columbus State Community College Climate Action Plan September 2009 Contents Introduction... 3 Commitment... 3 Community Education... 4 Carbon Footprint... 4 Accounting for Student and Employee Commuting...
FINNGULF LNG LNG IMPORT TO FINLAND
FINNGULF LNG LNG IMPORT TO FINLAND CLEANLY WITH NATURAL ENERGY GASES Gasum is a Finnish expert in natural energy gases. We import natural gas to Finland, and transmit and supply it for energy production,
Introduction to the Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation for Energy and Environment CLEEN Ltd
Introduction to the Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation for Energy and Environment CLEEN Ltd Cleantech Incubation Europe Seminar in Helsinki 10.5.2012 Tommy Jacobson CEO 10th of May, 2012 Dr.
Energy efficient Indoor Environments- Indoor pilot
Energy efficient Indoor Environments- Indoor pilot Eija Parmes, Kari Rainio, Paula Järvinen, Pekka Siltanen, VTT Teemu Vesanen, Jorma Pietiläinen, Mikko Tuomisto, VTT Harri Hahkala, Jorma Säteri, Metropolia
Green Mining, on-going projects
Green Mining, on-going projects Program annual seminar 24 th October 2012 Helsinki, Finlandia hall Harry Sandström Spinverse Oy Green Mining program is part of Natural Resources and Sustainable Economy
CLIMATE ACTION IN BRITISH COLUMBIA 2014 PROGRESS REPORT
CLIMATE ACTION IN BRITISH COLUMBIA 2014 PROGRESS REPORT B.C. is continuing to work towards an economy that is prepared for climate change, and helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions on a global scale.
COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION COSTS
Tarjanne Risto, Kivistö Aija COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION COSTS LAPPEENRANNAN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LAPPEENRANTA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY TEKNILLINEN TIEDEKUNTA ENERGIA- JA YMPÄRISTÖTEKNIIKAN OSASTO
Wind energy statistics in Finland 2014 Version: Public. Foto: Puhuri Oy, Kopsa wind plant
Wind energy statistics in Finland 2014 Version: Public Foto: Puhuri Oy, Kopsa wind plant Click Wind to energy edit Master year 2014 title style End of year capacity in Finland: 631 MW (268 turbines)* Average
Witty City Smart city programme 5/2013 Virpi Mikkonen
Witty City Smart city programme 5/2013 Virpi Mikkonen Expertise and networks for innovations Tekes Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation The main public funding and expert organisation for
Fortum Procurement. Mika Lahti Vice President, Procurement & Real Estate 7.9.2015
Fortum Procurement Mika Lahti Vice President, Procurement & Real Estate 7.9.2015 Topics Fortum today Procurement Development Program New Category Based Management Model What Is Good Procurement Management?
LANDFILL MINING POTENTIAL OF CLOSED MSW LANDFILLS IN FINLAND. Tommi Kaartinen VTT, Kai Sormunen Ramboll Finland Oy & Jukka Rintala TUT
LANDFILL MINING POTENTIAL OF CLOSED MSW LANDFILLS IN FINLAND Tommi Kaartinen VTT, Kai Sormunen Ramboll Finland Oy & Jukka Rintala TUT Background Presented studies were conducted as part of two separate
How To Build A Data Centre In Korea
Suvilahti Data Centre New-Build Case-Study: Operationalizing District Heating and Cooling in large Data Centre in Former Electricity Station Juha Sipilä Helsingin Energia Finnish ICT provider with decades
Role of Northern European forestry in the energy production chain, case Fortum. Jari Nylén Purchasing Manager Fortum Power and Heat Oy, HEAT
Role of Northern European forestry in the energy production chain, case Fortum Jari Nylén Purchasing Manager Fortum Power and Heat Oy, HEAT 8.11.2007 1 Fortum - A leading Nordic energy company The Nordic
Jyväskylä - an attractive centre of growth
Jyväskylä - an attractive centre of growth One of the fastest growing cities in Finland, current population 136 000 Annual population growth of 1 1.5 % Estimated population in 2030: 149 000 2nd most popular
ACCELERATING GREEN ENERGY TOWARDS 2020. The Danish Energy Agreement of March 2012
ACCELERATING GREEN ENERGY TOWARDS The Danish Energy Agreement of March 2012 The most ambitious energy plan of the world In March 2012 a historic new Energy Agreement was reached in Denmark. The Agreement
Empowering Local Clean Energy Action FEDERAL POLICY AGENDA FOR 2011
Empowering Local Clean Energy Action FEDERAL POLICY AGENDA FOR 2011 L ocal government leadership is essential for America to achieve energy independence, renew economic prosperity and protect the environment.
sustainable gains in energy policy. While the report addresses energy policies comprehensively, the following sections highlight these three topics.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 01 A small, somewhat isolated country, Finland takes a balanced view of its energy policy, taking advantage of its situation wherever possible. Where it can leverage its location and
City of Toronto Electric Vehicle Working Group
City of Toronto Electric Vehicle Working Group Mobilizing Internally to Develop EV Friendly Policies and Programs for City of Toronto Residents and Businesses By: Cecilia Fernandez, Research Analyst Toronto
Denmark s commitment to 100% renewable energy
Denmark s commitment to 100% renewable energy Greenpeace briefing 27.10.2014 During the last week of October, the world s leading climate scientists will gather in Copenhagen to finalise and launch their
Power and heating plants, environmental studies
1(7) Power and heating plants, environmental studies 2011 Jalasjärven Lämpö 5 MW biofuels heat only boiler Application for environmental permit and financing 2011 Vatajakosken Sähkö Biofuels CHP power
Finnish Cleantech Cluster and Tekes Activities
Finnish Cleantech Cluster and Tekes Activities Executive Director Teija Lahti-Nuuttila Tekes the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation DM 1020530 05-2013 Tekes general presentation Finnish
Finland s First Biennial Report. under the UNFCCC
Finland s First Biennial Report under the UNFCCC 30 December 2013 Contents 1 INTRODUCTION... 3 2 INFORMATION ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND TRENDS... 4 2.1 Total greenhouse gas emissions and trends...
Climate Impact Assessment in Urban Planning: the Ecocity Evaluator Method. Topi Tiihonen Eero Paloheimo Ecocity Ltd topi.tiihonen@ecocity.
Climate Impact Assessment in Urban Planning: the Ecocity Evaluator Method Topi Tiihonen Eero Paloheimo Ecocity Ltd [email protected] Eero Paloheimo Ecocity Ltd Founded in 2009 on the basis of Professor
Green economy boosts local viability
Green economy boosts local viability Photographs: Heli Sorjonen Tommi Anttonen Pixhill.com ISBN 978-952-293-183-2 (printed version) ISBN 978-952-293-184-9 (pdf) The Association of Finnish Local and Regional
Cities: Espoo, Imatra, Vaasa and Joensuu. Liisa McDermott University of Jyväskylä Finland [email protected]
Cities: Espoo, Imatra, Vaasa and Joensuu Liisa McDermott University of Jyväskylä Finland [email protected] Reserach data and method Results from cities Conclusion 4 interviews from Espoo and documents
NUCLEAR POWER OVERALL GOOD FOR THE SOCIETY Finnish German Energy Day, 7th November 2012
NUCLEAR POWER OVERALL GOOD FOR THE SOCIETY Finnish German Energy Day, 7th November 2012 Tanhua Jarmo Teollisuuden Voima Oyj 2 EU ENERGY ROADMAP 2050 NUCLEAR POWER IN ALL SCENARIOS Consumption of electricity
Distributed Energy Systems
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD Distributed Energy Systems Kari Sipilä, Principal Scientist VTT, Smart Energy Systems What is DESY DESY is R&D program for local energy systems covering the
Cleantech. Lahti Finland. Gateway to Russia
Cleantech Lahti Finland Gateway to Russia Leader in the cleantech industry Image: Alstom Helsinki to Lahti in one hour. The future logistics estate in the Lahti Region will total approximately 1000 hectares.
Renewable Energy Concept of Thy Region, Denmark
Biomass Renewable Energy Concept of Thy Region, Denmark Preben Maegaard, Director, Nordic Folkecenter for Renewable Energy President, Solar Super State Association. Chairman, WCRE, World Council for Renewable
THE EU ETS IN THE FINNISH CONTEXT Does the ETS support local bioenergy implementation?
THE EU ETS IN THE FINNISH CONTEXT Does the ETS support local bioenergy implementation? Pirkko Vesterinen, VTT IEA Task 38 & Task 4 Workshop, Trondheim 5-6 April 26 FUEL PRICES IN HEAT PRODUCTION Fuel chips
Work together with Energy Experts from Finland
4.6.28 Harness the full power of sustainable energy Work together with Energy Experts from Finland Sentre Innovation Network with energy innovation Sentre - Network for Sustainable Energy Solutions Sentre
Natural gas. Finnish Natural Gas Association
Natural gas in Finland2009 Finnish Natural Gas Association Natural gas and Finland Natural gas Since 1974 From Russia Share 11 % of primary energy Transmission company Gasum Oy Transmission grid 1 140
Teollisen ekologian soveltaminen Perämerenkaaren metallurgiseen teollisuuteen - Kommenttipuheenvuoro
Teollisen ekologian soveltaminen Perämerenkaaren metallurgiseen teollisuuteen - Kommenttipuheenvuoro Juho Mäkinen, VTT Business Solutions Industrial Ecosystem A system where the industrial actors use the
Green Energy and Technology
Green Energy and Technology Lappeenranta University of Tecnology strategy 2015 TOGETHER Lappeenranta University of Technology Strategia 2015 Yhdessä Key EU energy policy objectives by 2020/2050 Implementation
Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area. Susanna Kankaanpää HSY
Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for the Helsinki Metropolitan Area Susanna Kankaanpää HSY 12.5.2011 Contents of the presentation: 1. Helsinki Metropolitan Area and HSY 2. Context of the Adaptation Strategy
GOOD PRACTICE: Kuhmon Lampö (Kuhmo s Heating)
Kainuun Etu Oy, PP6 in C2CN project Kainuu region, Finland GOOD PRACTICE: Kuhmon Lampö (Kuhmo s Heating) Renewable energy ( The sun is our income, Waste is our Food, Air, water, soil is healthy and We
State of play. State Secretary Risto Artjoki Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Baltic Sea Agri-Environmental -conference 27.8.
Nutrient recycling in Finland State of play State Secretary Risto Artjoki Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Baltic Sea Agri-Environmental -conference Scandic Marina Congress Center, Helsinki 27.8.2013
Professor Heikki Kälviäinen
Master s thesis Professor Heikki Kälviäinen Supported by European Union Machine Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory (MVPR) Department of Mathematics and Physics LUT School of Technology Lappeenranta
Seminar on Emissions Trade Policy and Practice in Finland and Hungary
Seminar on Emissions Trade Policy and Practice in Finland and Hungary 27-28th April, 2006 Budapest Place: Collegium Budapest, 1016 Szentháromság u. 2. Mr. Juhani Paajanen Mayor of the City of Vantaa 1
Call to Action on Smart Sustainable Cities
Call to Action on Smart Sustainable Cities 1. Introduction Achieving sustainable urbanization, along with the preservation of our planet, has been recognized as one of the major challenges of our society
A sustainable energy and climate policy for the environment, competitiveness and long-term stability
2009-02-05 A sustainable energy and climate policy for the environment, competitiveness and long-term stability The party leaders of Alliance for Sweden entered into an agreement today on a long-term,
British Columbia s Clean Energy Vision
British Columbia s Clean Energy Vision Innovative Technologies and Green Energy Solutions National Environmental Conference Brunei Darussalam July 1, 2010 Profile of British Columbia Overview British
The Ontario Public Service Green Fleet Project Nomination for Summit Leadership Award for Green Procurement
The Ontario Public Service Green Fleet Project Nomination for Summit Leadership Award for Green Procurement Objective: The primary Ontario Public Service Green Fleet Project objective is the 10% reduction
Finland s Fifth National Communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on. Climate Change
Finland s Fifth National Communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Finland s Fifth National Communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
THE CONSTRUCTION OF. Natural Gas 11% Coal 12% Industry 49% Nuclear 18%
THE CONSTRUCTION OF OLKILUOTO 3 IN FINLAND ND A CASE STUDY Summary The recent publication of the energy review and CoRWM s findings have ensured nuclear is currently top of the news agenda. With new build
What. to Us. Green. Means. of our time.
A Northern Centre for Renewable Energy implementing bioenergy applied research & development regional sustainability Under construction: This facility will house Nexterra s biomass gasification technology
City of Grand Rapids Approach to Renewable Energy (100% Goal By 2020) Haris Alibasic City of Grand Rapids Office of Energy and Sustainability
City of Grand Rapids Approach to Renewable Energy (100% Goal By 2020) Haris Alibasic City of Grand Rapids Office of Energy and Sustainability October 15, 2009 Background on City of Grand Rapids 100% Renewable
AB Fortum Värme samägt med Stockholms stad
AB Fortum Värme samägt med Stockholms stad Ulf Wikström, Manager EHS, Fortum Värme OECD 2013-05-24 1 2013-05-20 All communities in which Fortum Värme operates have a sustainable energy supply Fortum
Nuclear Design Practices and the Case of Loviisa 3
Nuclear Design Practices and the Case of Loviisa 3 Harri Tuomisto Fortum Power, Finland Third Nuclear Power School, 20-22 October 2010, Gdańsk, Poland 22 October 2010 Harri Tuomisto 1 Objectives The objective
COUNTY OF LAMBTON OFFICIAL PLAN UPDATE BACKGROUND REPORT NO.
COUNTY OF LAMBTON OFFICIAL PLAN UPDATE BACKGROUND REPORT NO. 6 RENEWABLE ENERGY Image Source: (Word Clip Art Stock Photo, 2011) Date: May, 2015 BACKGROUND PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT 789
The European Renewable Energy Directive and international Trade. Laurent Javaudin Delegation of the European Commission to the U.S.
The European Renewable Energy Directive and international Trade Laurent Javaudin Delegation of the European Commission to the U.S. The European Union 27 Member States 490 million people 2 Outline The Present:
Energy Megatrends 2020
Energy Megatrends 2020 Esa Vakkilainen 1 NOTE The data included in the following is mainly based on International Energy Agency's (IEA) World Energy Outlook 2007 IEA is considered the most reliable source
Understanding and Measuring School Electronics
Understanding and Measuring School Electronics MATERIALS NEEDED: 1. 6 energy monitoring devices (note: these can be obtained from a variety of sources, i.e., local hardware stores, internet [average cost
Innovation policy overview. Finland
Innovation policy overview Finland Petri Peltonen Innovation Department Ministry of Employment and the Economy innovation is the means, not the objective knowledge & know-how & creativity innovations productivity