Notes on some new and interesting Greenland lichens XI

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1 Notes on some new and interesting Greenland lichens XI ERIC STEEN HANSEN Hansen, E. S Notes on some new and interesting Greenland lichens XI. Graphis Scripta 24: Stockholm ISSN Buellia mogensenii which is terricolous on tundra is described as new. Acarospora amphibola, Aspicilia simoënsis, Rhizocarpon frigidum and Verrucaria funckii are reported new to Greenland. Aspicilia anseris is new to West Greenland. Collema fuscovirens, Dermatocarpon deminuens, Mycobilimbia hypnorum and Stereocaulon symphycheilum are new to Central West Greenland. Placynthiella oligotropha and Polysporina simplex are new to South Greenland. Eric Steen Hansen, Botanical Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gothersgade 130, DK-1123 Copenhagen K, Denmark. The biodiversity of Greenland lichens has been studied during several years, and new and interesting species still appear. This paper records lichens mainly collected by Svanhildur Svane, Paul Gelting and Gert Steen Mogensen and kept at the Botanical Museum, University of Copenhagen (C). Four species are believed to be new to Greenland as they are not listed in the panarctic checklist of lichens and lichenicolous fungi by Kristinsson et al. (2010). The material was revised by the author. Buellia mogensenii E.S. Hansen & Tønsberg, sp. nov. Mycobank No.: MB Diagnosis: Similar to Buellia arborea but contains atranorin as the only diagnostic substance and is terricolous. Apothecia and pycnidia unknown. Type: Greenland, Kap København area, at base camp, N, W, on soil in polygon tundra, 25 July 1983, G. Mogensen (C, holotype; BG, isotype). Fig. 1. Thallus crustose, tuberculate, continuous, sorediate, to 0.6 mm thick in tuberculate parts; upper surface dirty white; lower surface not evident. Tuberculae irregularly rounded. Medulla distinct, white, with numerous crystals not dissolving in K. Soralia usually bursting from tuberculae, blue, usually ± rounded, discrete and to 0.7 mm, or a few becoming confluent, sometimes ± encircled by a lacerate, white margin. Soredia efflorescent, to 24( 29) µm diam., or in consoredia to 48 µm diam.; external hyphae of exposed soredia blue-green, K, N. Photobiont in upper part of medulla, trebouxioid, to 20 µm diam. Apothecia and pycnidia unknown. Chemistry (TLC). Atranorin, unknown (trace, possibly a terpenoid). Ecology and distribution. B. mogensenii has been found terricolous on tundra with Polyblastia bryophila (present in the herbarium packet). It is so far known only from the type

2 56 Eric Steen Hansen GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 24 (2012) Figure 1. Part of Buellia mogensenii (holotype). Thallus with blue soredia. Bar: 1 mm. material. According to the label data it was a common, but not a dominant species at the type locality. Etymology. This species is named honour of the collector, the Danish bryologist Gert Steen Mogensen. Discussion. The taxonomic position of the new species is somewhat conjectural as apothecia are unknown. We assign it to Buellia based on characters in chemistry and morphology. Atranorin is the only major substance in many species of Buellia, and the soralia and soredia are similar to those of, e.g., the corticolous species B. arborea and B. griseovirens including the pigment in the external hyphae of the soredia which are K or intensifying, N in all three species. Rinodina candidogrisea Hafellner, Muggia & Obermayer (not seen), a terricolous (muscicolous) species recently described from the Alps (Hafellner et al. 2012) resembles B. mogensenii in having a white thallus with grey soredia verging to the blue in the central part of the thallus. That species should not be confused with B. mogensenii as it has subsquamulose marginal areoles and soredia that are not distinctly blue. Further it lacks atranorin and produces zeorin and an unknown fatty acid as diagnostic constituents, in addition to the accessory substances variolaric acid and an unknown pigment (Hafellner et al. 2012).

3 GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 24 (2012) New Greenland lichens 57 Additional species Acarospora amphibola Saxicolous on seashore rocks. New to Greenland. The species is also known from mainland North America and Europe (Santesson et al. 2004, Smith et al. 2009). Specimens examined: Igaliko: N, W, alt. 0 m, seashore rock, 1982, Svane 5401E; Arfersiorfik Fjord, Serfartoq Island, N, W, alt. 2-3 m, upper hygrohaline zone on gneissic rock, 1951, Gelting 16536F; Disko: Qeqertarsuaq/Godhavn, the Arctic Station, N, W, alt. 20 m, rock composed of amphibolite, 1953, Gelting Aspicilia anseris (Lynge) Thomson Saxicolous. The species is new to West Greenland. It has previously been reported from North East Greenland (Thomson 1997). A. anseris has a circumpolar, arctic-alpine distribution (Andreev et al. 1996, Thomson 1997). Specimen examined: Arfersiorfik Fjord, Eqaluarssuit, N, W, alt. 6 m, gneissic boulder influenced by calcareous dust, 1951, Gelting Aspicilia simoënsis Saxicolous. Thallus and soredia react K+ red. The species is new to Greenland. It is also known from Europe (Santesson et al. 2004) N, W, alt. 20 m, manured gneissic rock, 1950, Gelting. Collema fuscovirens Saxicolous on calcareous rocks. The species is new to Central West Greenland. It is also known from Central East Greenland (Thomson 1984). C. fuscovirens has a circumpolar, arcticalpine to boreal distribution (Degelius 1954) N, W, alt. 40 m, W- exposed, vertical basaltic rock, 1949, Gelting. Dermatocarpon deminuens Saxicolous. The maximum diameter of the biggest thallus of the present specimen is 13 mm. D. deminuens is closely related to D. bachmannii (Heidmarsson 2000). The species is new to Central West Greenland and has previously been reported from Central West Greenland (Alstrup 1979). The species is also known from northwestern Europe (Smith et al. 2009). Specimen examined: Disko: Igpik, N, W, alt. 20 m, basaltic bird cliff, 1949, Gelting. Mycobilimbia hypnorum Muscicolous. New to Central West Greenland. The species has previously been reported from South and North East Greenland (Lynge 1940, Alstrup et al. 2000, Hansen 2006). It has a circumpolar, arctic-alpine to boreal distribution (Hansen 2006). Lyngmarken, N, W, alt. 15 m, heath, 1950, Gelting 12742C Placynthiella oligotropha Terricolous. New to South Greenland. The species has previously been reported as new to East Greenland (Daniëls et al. 1985). It is also known from Europe, North America and Asia (Smith et al. 2009). Specimen examined: Narsaq: Kvanefjeld, N, W, alt. 600 m, soil rich in humus, 1982, Svane 5480D.

4 58 Eric Steen Hansen GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 24 (2012) Polysporina simplex Saxicolous on rocks exposed to nutritious dust. New to South Greenland. The species is widely distributed in Greenland (Lynge 1937, 1940, Hansen 1991). It has a very wide distribution in both hemispheres (Smith et al. 2009). Specimen examined: Narsaq: N, W, alt m, rock rich in iron near the fjord, 1982, Svane 5437B. Rhizocarpon frigidum Saxicolous. The species is here reported for the first time from Greenland. The present specimen is richly fertile and has 3-septate to submuriform spores with few cells. Runemark (1956) mentions a number of Greenland localities for the lichen under the name Rhizocarpon tinei ssp. frigidum. It is probably fairly common in Greenland. However, this variable lichen is in need of further investigation. R. frigidum has a circumpolar, arctic-alpine to boreal distribution (Runemark 1956). Specimen examined: Narsaq: N, W, alt. 50 m, siliceous rock, 1982, Svane 5449D. Stereocaulon symphycheilum Terricolous. New to Central West Greenland. The species has previously been reported from South Greenland (Alstrup 2004). It has a circumpolar, arctic-alpine to boreal distribution (Smith et al. 2009). Specimen examined: Disko: Enokshavn, N, W, alt. 0 m, heath, 1992, Klitgaard & Nielsen 15. Verrucaria funckii Saxicolous in stream. New to Greenland. The specimen has been identified by Hans Ullrich as V. silicea Servít, a synonym of V. funckii (Santesson et al. 2004). It has a characteristic white prothallus and simple, colourless spores measuring µm. V. funckii is known from Europe, America and Australia (Smith et al. 2009). Specimen examined: Disko: Diskofjord, Eqalunguit, N, W, basaltic stone in watercourse, 1949, Gelting. Acknowledgements I thank Jan Berge and Beate Helle, both University of Bergen, for technical help with the figure, and Astri Botnen, University of Bergen, for the identification of the Polyblastia. References Alstrup, V Notes on selected Greenlandic Lichens. Botanisk Tidsskrift 74: Alstrup, V New records in distribution of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. Graphis Scripta 16: Alstrup, V., Hansen, E. S. & Daniëls, F Lichenized, lichenicolous and other fungi from North-East Greenland. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 37: Andreev, M., Kotlov, Y. & Makarova, I Checklist of Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of the Russian Arctic. Bryologist 99: Daniëls, F., Hansen, E. S. & Sipman, H New records of terricolous microlichens from Southeast Greenland. Acta Botanica Neerlandia 34: Degelius, G The lichen genus Collema in Europe. Symbolae Botanicae Upsaliensis 13: Hafellner, H., Muggia, L. & Obermayer, W Rinodina candidogrisea, a new sorediate species from high altitudes in the Alps. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 108:

5 GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 24 (2012) New Greenland lichens 59 Hansen, E. S The lichen flora near a lead-zinc mine at Maarmorilik in West Greenland. Lichenologist 23: Hansen, E. S Notes on some new and interesting Greenland lichens IX. Graphis Scripta 18: 1 5. Heidmarsson, S Species delimitation in four long-spored species of Dermatocarpon in the Nordic countries. Annales Botanici Fennici 35: Kristinsson, H., Zhurbenko, M. & Hansen, E. S Panarctic checklist of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. CAFF Technical Report 20. Lynge, B Lichens from West Greenland, collected chiefly by Th. M. Fries. Meddelelser om Grønland 118: Lynge, B Lichens from North East Greenland collected on Norwegian scientific expeditions in 1929 and II. Microlichens. Skrifter om Svalbard og Ishavet 81: Runemark, H Studies in Rhizocarpon. I. Taxonomy of the yellow species in Europe. Opera Botanica 1: Santesson, R., Moberg, R., Nordin, A., Tønsberg, T. & Vitikainen, O Lichen-forming and Lichenicolous Fungi of Fennoscandia. Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University. Smith, C. W., Aptroot, A., Coppins B. J., Fletcher, A., Gilbert, O. L., James, P. W & Wolseley, P. A The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. British Lichen Society, London. Thomson, J. W American Arctic lichens. I. The Macrolichens. Colombia University Press, New York. Thomson, J. W American Arctic lichens. II. The Microlichens. The University of Wisconsin Press, Wisconsin.