On some Thysanoptera from tbe Middle Olark Sea region of Turkey

Transcription

1 Türk. bitki kor. derg (1985). 9: ISSN On some Thysanoptera from tbe Middle Olark Sea region of Turkey İrfan TUNÇ* Summary The Thysancptera specimerıs collected mainly from field crops, vegetables and omamental plants in the Middle Black Sea region of Turkey in summer of 1983 have been studied. Fifteen species have been recorded, Dendrothrips saltator Uzel beirıg new for Turkey. Introduction The Thysanoptera fauna of Black Sea region of Turkey is little known. Blunck (1958) recorded about 25 species from this part of the country during his trips to the tobacco growing areas in Turkey in The preserit short study discloses the specles existed in samples collected in the Middle Black Sea region prov.nces Iike Samsun, Ordu, Tokat, çorum and Amasya in summer of Samples were taken by shaking the plants on a white tray. The specirnens were collected from field crops and vegetables, such as, Oryza sativa L., Zea mau«l., Nicotiana tabacıim. L., Heiuuıinu» annuus L., Medicago sativa L., Glycine soıa Sieb et Zuc., Phaeeolue vulgaus L., Capsieum annum L., Lucopersicunı esculentum L., Solanum melonçena L., Brassico oleracea L., Cucumis saiious L., and Allium cepa L.; omamental plants including some shrubs, such as, Anürhinum sp., Aster sp., Cneirtuıiiıus cheiri L., Chrysanthemum segetum L., Gomph'rena sp., Nerium oieander L., Oeimum sp., Petunia sp., Rosa sp., Sauru: spleiuieus L., Tagetes sp., Taxus baccata L., * University of Akdeniz, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Antalya - Turkey. Alınış (Received ı :

2 and Thuja sp.: and finally weeds such as, Amaranthus viridisl., Anthemis sp., Daucus sp., Panicum crus-galli L., and Soianum. nigrum L. The distribution of the locations cited in the text on provincial basis is as follows : Samsun: Ağıllar, Bafra, Çarşamba, Gelemen, Terme, Çınarlık, Alacam. Ordu: Ünye. Tokat: Erbaa. Amasya: Taşova. Gökhöyük, Gümüşhaciköy, Suluova. Çorum: Osmancık. The material was collected by Misses N. Coşkun deposited at the Faculty of Agriculture, Antalya. and. F. Canik, and is AEOLOTHRIPIDAE Aeolothrip» [asciatus (Linnacus) Habitat: Flowers of various plants. Distribution: Europe, N. America, In Turkey: Ankara (Priesner, 1966; Tunç and zur Strassen 1984). Material ezamined: Çınarlık, 1 y,ocimum sp, 17.VIII Aeolothrips iniermediue Bagnall Habitat: Flowers and Ieaves of various plants. Distribution: Palaearctic. In Turkey: Central Anatolia, Aegean. Mediterranean, Marmaraand Black Sea regions (Blunck, 1958; Priesner, 1961 and 1966; Alkan, 1962; Cengiz, 1974; Tunç and zur Strassen 1984). Material exasnined; Ağıllar, 15 C8 4, Heiianihus annuus; 2 ~~, Nicotiana tabacum, both 14.VIII.1983; ibid, 3 Q~, Medkago sativa, 13.VIII.l983. -Gelemen,I c(, Capsicum annum, 12.VIII Samsun, 2 s?e;?, Neriuan oleander; 2 68' 4, Rosa sp; 1 9, Taqeies sp., all ; ibid, 1 ~, Chrysanthemu.m segetum; 2 S?:;ı, Peiunia sp, both 6.IX Çınarlık,, Petunia sp; 1 Ô, 2,Ocimum sp, both 17.VIII Ünye, 1 ~', Aste'r sp., 4.IX Gökhöyük, 1 ~, Cheiranihus cheiri, 25.VIII.l933; ibid, 1 (i:', Taqeies sp, 24.VIII.l983. -Suluova, 1 8, Daucus sp, 25.VIII THRIPIDAE Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller) Habitat: Graminicolous, injurious to cereals and grass. Distribution: Semi - cosmopolitan. In Turkey: Central Anatolia (Tunç, 1976; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Material examined -fo macroptera: Terme, 1 'f', Glycine soja, 5.IX '218

3 Ceratothrips discolor (Karny) Habitat: Flowers of various plarıts. Distribution: Mediterranean countries, Germany, Rumania, Transcaucas.a and S berla. In Turkey: Central Anatolia, Marmara, Aegean and Black Sea regions (BItmek, 1958; Cengiz, 1974; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Material examined: Çorum,. l SJ, Zea maus, 24.VIIL1983. Ceraiothrips pallidivestis (Priesner) Habitat: Flower ;nha!b:ting, especially on Composttae. Distribution: Mediterranean area, Black Sea countries and Iran. In Turkey: Central Anatolia, Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean regions (Blunek, 1958; Priesner, 1966; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Materialexamined: Samsun,IÇi, Rosa sp., 22.VIII Chirothrips manicatus Haliday Habitat: Graminicolous, pest on cereals and grass. Distribution: Semc-cosmopol.tan, In Turkey: Central Anatolla and Aegean regiorıs. (Priesner, 1961; Cengiz, 1974; Tunç, 1976; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984), alsa in Mediterranean region. Material ezamined: Çorum, 3, Zea maus, 24.VIIL1983. Deıuirotnrips saltator Uzel Habitat: Leaf inhabiting. On deciduous trees, but alsa on Aniaceae. Distribution: Euro-siberian. First reeord for Turkey. Material examined: Gökhöyük, 1 <;:, Thuja sp., 24.VIII Frankliniella inionsa (Trybom) Habitat: Flower mhabitmg, polyphag, cause damage to the cotton flowers in Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Distribution: Euro-siberian. In Turkey: Marmara Black Sea, Mediterranean and Central Anatolia regions (Blunck, 1958; Priesner, 1966; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Material examined: Ağıllar, 1 3', 2, Medicago sativa, 13.VIII.l Çarşamba, 1 c, Brassica oleracea; 6 8cf3'. 32 Çi.:?, Medicago saiioa, both 25.VIII.l983 - Samsun, 1 r;?,nerium oleander; 1 C), 2 n, Rosa sp, both 22.VIII.l983 - Çmarlık, 1 :7,Antirhiııum sp; 4 9'4Z.Peiunia sp. both 17.VIII Ünye, 1}:, ~) 99, Aster sp, 4.IX Ordu, 1 9, Gomphrena 219

4 sp; 3 ~~, Salvia spiendeus; 2 0Ô, 7 n, Antirhinum sp; 1 ~, Taaetes sp, all 2l.IX F1'ankliniella ienuicomis (Uzel) fiabitat: Graminicolous. Distribution: Euro - asia, N. America. In Turkey: Central Anatolia and Black Sea regions (Blunck, 1958; Tunç, 1976; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984), also in Mediterranean region. Material examined: Osmancık, 2 ~~, Oryza sativa, 24.VIII Neohyoototh'rips gracilicornis (Williams) Habiiai: Leaf inhabiting, especially on Leguminosae, but also on deciduous and evergreen trees. Distribution: Palaearctic. In Turkey: Central Anatolia, Marmara, Aegean and Med.terranean regions (Blunck, 1958; Prlesner, 1961 and 1966; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984), also in Easterrı Anatolla. Material examined: Ağıllar, ı ~,Medicago sativa, 13.VIII Gökhöyük, 1 ~, Cheırondıus cheiri. 25.VIII.1983; ibid, 1 O, 6 Cj2Cj2, Taxus bacctda; 1 ds, 5 ~Q, Thuja sp, both 24.VIII Taeniothrips atratus (Haliday) Habiiai; Flowers of various plants. Distribution: Euro-asia, now alsa in N. Amer.ca. In Turkey: Central Anatolia, Marmara, Black Sea and Mediterranean regions (Blunek, 1958; Priesner, 1961 and 1966; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Material ezamined: Bafra, 1 ~, Nicotiana tabacum, 19.VIII Thrips [uscipennis Haliday Habitat: On various plants. Distribution: Euro-asla and N. America'. In Turkey: Marmara and Aegean regions (Blunck, 1958; Cengiz, 1974). Material ezaanined: Erbaa, 3 SCj2, Phaeeolus ınüaaris, LVII.1983; ibid, 1 ~. Lucopersicum esculenium, 22.IX Samsun, 1 ~, Nerium oleander; 1 Cj2, Taaetes sp., both 22.VIII Ünye, 1 C;:, Aster sp., 4.IX Çorum, ı ds Zea maps, 24.VIII Thrips tabaci Lindeman Habitat: Polyphag, pest on oniorı, garlic, tobacco and eotton in Turkey. Distribution: Cosmonlitan, In Turkey: All over the country (Blunck, 1958;

5 Alkan, 1962; Priesner, 1961 and 1966; Cengiz, 1974; Tunç, 1976; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Mate'rial examined; Ağıllar, 9 ôü 23 n.helianthus annuus, 14.VIII.1933; ibid, 7 c;ısı, Medicago sativa; 2 c;ıc;ı, Phaseotus vulgaris, both 13.VIII Bafra,I sı, Oruza sativa; 5 c;ısı, Lucopersicınn escuienium, both 17.VIII.1938; lbid, 11 c;ıc;ı,nicotiana tabacum, 19.VIII Çarşamba, 1 e, 20 sısı, i Brassica oleracea; 3 c;ısı, Medicag.o sativa, both 25.VIII.1983; ibid, 6 c;ısı,lycopersicum esculenium; c;ısı, AmarantJhus viridis, both L.ıx Gelemen 2 n. Cucumis sativa; 1 sı, Amaranthu8 viridis, both L.IX.1983; ibid, ı ((;. 5 sısı, Nicotiana iabacum, 5.IX.1983; ibid, 5 n, Capsicum aeutum, l2.viii Samsun.T sı, Neriura oleasuier; 1 sı, Rosa sp.: 5 sısı, Tagetes sp., all 22.VIII.1983; ibid, 3 sısı, ChrysantJı;gmum segetum; 1 sı, Gomphrena sp.: 7 sısı, Taqetes sp.: 2 sıc;ı, Salvia splendeus; 4 sısı, Nerıum oleander, all 6.IX Alaçam, 1 sı, Solunum meionqena, 19.VIII Erbaa, 20 sıc;ı, Phaseoius vulgaris, LVII.1983; ibid, 1 sı, Lycopersicum esculenium, 3.VIII.1983; ibid, 2 sısı, Lucopersicum eeculenium; II sısı, Solanum nigrum, both 22.ıx Taşova, 5 c;ıc;ı, Allium cepa, 25.VIII Gökhöyük, 1 c;ı, Cheiranihus cheiri, 25.VIII.1983; ibid, 8 c;ısı,tagetes sp., 24.VIII Gümüşhacıköy, 3 n. Anthemis sp., 24.VIII Suluova, 12 sısı, Daucus sp., 25.VIII Ünye, 6 sısı, Tagetes sp.: 9 sısı. Aster sp., both 4.ıx Ordu, 2 üô,! 8 n, Gomphrena sp.: 2 sısı, Saluia spiendeus; 2 sıc;ı, Antirhinum sp.: 8 c;ısı. Taqetes sp.: 2 ôj, 1 sı" Zea maus, all 2LIX Terme, 3 c;ı, Glycine soja, 5.ıx Çorum, 3 c;ısı, Zea Mays, 24.VIII PHLAEOTHRIPIDAE Haplothrips aculeatus (Fabricius) Habiiai: Graminicolous. Distribution: Palaearctic, except N. Mrica. In Turkey: Black Sea and Aegean regions (Blunck, 1958, Priesner, 1966), alsa in Mediterranean region. Materia! examined, Alaçam, 5 ôô, 6 sıc;ı, Oryza sativa, 19.VIII Bafra,2 ôô, 2 sıc;ı, Oruza sativa; 2 c;ısı, Panicum crus-galli, both 17.VIII Çmarlık, 2 c;ıc;ı' Zea muus, 17.VIII Çarşamba, 1 0, Zea mays. 17.VIII Osmancık, 3 03, 3 sısı, Oryza sativa, 24.VIII.19B3. -Çorum, 1 Ô, 4 sıc;ı, Zea maus, 24.VIII.1983 Haplothrips phyllireae Bagnall Habiiai: Leaf inhabiting, on deciduous trees, Distribution: Mediterranean and Central Anatolla regions (Priesner, 1966; Cengiz, 1974; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). Material exarnined: Çarşamba, 1 c;ı, Medicago sativa, 25.VIII

6 Discussion The number of species found in the area surveyed was 15. Seven of them are new for Black Sea region including Dendrothrips saltator Uzel wihch was recorded for the first time in Turkey (Table 1). Regarding the material obtained, Thrips tabaci Lindeman was the most frequent, diversified and abundant species being found in 42 samples out of 60 totally and on 26 plant species out of 31 totally, and being represented by 256 individuals out of 441 totaly. it was followed by Aeolothrips iııtermedius Bagnal in frequencyand diversity, but by Ercuıkiinielia intonsa (Trybom) in abundance. Neohydatothrips gracilicornis (W'lliams) and Haplothrips acuteasus (Fabricius) are other noteworthy species for these parameters (table 1). Distributional pattern of H. aculeatus is character.stic in Turkey. it has been found only in coastal regions e.g. Aegean. Black Sea, Mediterranean upto date. Not even a single individual could be traced from the vast cereal growng areas in the inn er parts of th country like Ankara or Central Anatolia so far studied (Tunç, 1976; Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). The other point of interest is the sex ratio of Th. tabaci. it was 1: 16 ( c5 : çı ) in the area studied whereas it has been 0:82,,3 in Ankara (Tunç and zur Strassen, 1984). A sex ratio of 1: 55 approximately was estimated for the area surveyed by Blunck (198) which included localities in Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean and Central Anatolia regions. No males were recorded by Priesner (1961 and 1966) in Central Anatolia, Aegean and Mediterranean regions. Thus the highest ratio of males was recorded in the region under discussion compared with the other areas in Turkey. Table 1. The Thysarıoptera species recorded in the Middle Black Sea region province of Turkey, and their frequency. diversity and abundance in summer of AEOLOTHRIPIDAE Frenquency Diversity Abundance Aeoloth'rips iascuuus (Linnaeus) Aeolothrips intermedius (Bagnal) THRIPIDAE Anaphothrips obscurus (Müller) Ceratothrips discolor (Karny) Ceratathrips pallidivestis (Priesner) Chirothrips manicatus Haliday Dendrothrips sadotor Uzel Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) Frankliniella ienuicornis (Uzel) 1 1 2

7 + + + Neohydatothrips araciucornıe (Williams) 4 Taenıotnrips atraiue (Haliday) 1 Thrips [uscipennis Haliday 6 Thrips tabaci Lindeman 42 PHLAEOTHRIPIDAE Haplothrips aculeaius (Fabricius) 7 Haplothrips phyllireae (Bagnal) 1 TOTAL 60 (No. of samples) (no. of plant species) (no. of individuals) + New for Blanck Sea region + + New for Turkey H. aculeaius was present predominantly in all samples taken from cereals (rice and maize). ALL samples from field crops (exept cereals), vegetables (tomato, pepper, onion, egg-plarıt, cabbage, cucumber), and most of the ornamental plants contained T. tabaci predominantly. Özet Orta Karadeniz Bölgesinden toplanan bazı thysanopter'ler Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi ılleri Samsun, Ordu, Tokat, çorum ve Amasya'dan yazında toplanan Thysanoptera örnekleri incelenmiştir. Özellikle tarla bitkileri,. sebze ve süs bitkilerinden alınan örneklerde 15 tür tesbit edtlmiştir. Bunlardan 7 tür Karadeniz Bölgesinde, Dendrothrips saltator Uzel ise Türkiye'de ilk defa kaydedilmektedir. Haplotlırips.aculeatus (Fabricius) tahıl, Thrips tabaci Lindeman ise diğer tarla bitkileri, sebzeler ve çoğu süs bitkilerinde hakim türdür. References Alkan, B., Türkiye'nin zararlı Thysanoptera Faunası üzerinde ilk araştırmalar (in Turkish). A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi 1962 Yıllığt, 3-4, Blunck, H., Thysanopteren aus der Türkeı Beitrage zur Entomologie, 8 (1-2),

8 i Cengiz, F., İzmir ve Manisa Dolaylarında Bağlara Arız Olan Thysanoptera Türleri, Tanınmaları, Konukçuları. Zararları ve Tabii Düşmanları Üzerinde Araştırmalar (in Turkish). Zir. Müe. Kar. Gen. Müd. Araş. Tek. ncı. 22, İzmir, 86 p. Priesner, H., 19tH. Über einige Thysanopteren aus der Türkei Verh. ver. naturwiss. Heimatforsch. Hamburg, Priesner, H., Zur Kenntnis der Thysanopteren der Türkei, II. Polskie Pismo Ent., 36 (5), Tunç, 1., Important thrips attaeking wheat in Central Anatolla. In. Wheat Pasta Symposiurn held in Ankara, june 1-3, 1976 at the Unıversity of Ankara. CENTO Sel. Prog. RaP. No. 22, , and R. zur Strassen, Thysanoptera of Ankara Provinee. U.A. Pub. Fac. Agric. No. 1919, Ankara, 37 p. 224