How To Manage A Large And Complex System

Transcription

1 Engineering the Galileo Services Exploitation Phase Dr. ing. Marco LISI European Space Agency Special Advisor of the European Commission International Workshop on "GNSS technologies advances in a multiconstellation framework SOGEI, Roma, 23 rd April 2013 Navigation solutions powered by Europe

2 Objectives To explain what a service oriented, large and complex system means; To present the Galileo present status and the preparation to its Early Services phase; To describe the engineering activities needed for the provision of Galileo services; To suggest that beyond the obvious technological and technical challenges, a service provision perspective opens new and interesting fields to systems engineering.

3 What is a service system? Service (or service-oriented) systems are systems meant to provide value-added services through the use of technology (mainly communications and computer technologies); A service system has been defined as a dynamic configuration of people, technology, organizational networks and shared information (such as languages, processes, metrics, prices, policies, and laws) designed to deliver services that satisfy the needs, wants, or aspirations of customers.

4 Characteristics of Service Systems Large and complex systems Software intensive (several million lines of code) Capabilities-based rather than platform-based Organization and governance (human factor) Technical performance is a prerequisite for production and delivery of services, not a final objective Requirements related to operations, in addition to technical ones, assume a very high relevance: Quality of Service (QoS) Reliability, Availability, Continuity Maintainability Safety Security Flexibility Expandability Interoperability Resilience 4

5 Products vs. Services Cars Highways Trains Railways Stations Parking areas Aircrafts Airports Ships Etc. 5

6 Large and Complex Systems (1/2) A large and complex system is a system composed of a large number of interconnected elements, often developed and deployed worldwide, which interact dynamically, giving rise to emergent properties Examples of complex systems for civil applications include: global satellite navigation systems air traffic control systems railway control systems space systems such as the International Space Station or space transportation and exploration vehicles surveillance, Earth observation and Homeland security systems electric power distribution systems telecommunication systems complex computer networks, including Internet. 6

7 Large and Complex Systems (2/2) A complex system often integrates existing systems (or parts of them) in an overall largescale architecture containing a large number of interfaces and implementing multiple modes of operation, in a highly dynamic environment Large and complex systems require extensive logistics and maintenance support capabilities Large and complex space-based systems (e.g. Galileo) are conceived to be in service for a long time; in this case the evolution of the system (upgradings and modifications) has to be taken into account from the beginning. 7

8 Project/System Multiple Perspectives 8

9 Specifying a Service System Functional and technical performance: System Requirements Document (SRD) Operational requirements and scenarios: Concept of Operations (CONOPS) document Expected service behavior and non-functional performance: Service Level Agreement (SLA) A typical SLA defines Key Performance Indicators (KPI s) and Key Quality Indicators (KQI s), with target values and target ranges to be achieved over a certain time period. 9

10 Concept of Operations (CONOPS) 10

11 Galileo Program essentials Galileo is Europe's initiative for a state-of-the-art global navigation satellite system, providing a highly accurate, guaranteed global positioning service under civilian control While providing autonomous navigation and positioning services, Galileo will at the same time be interoperable with GPS and GLONASS, the two other global satellite navigation systems The fully deployed Galileo system will consist of 30 satellites and the associated ground infrastructure. 11

12 The Galileo System

13 GALILEO: a Large and Complex ICT System Total: 5 S-band heads... Direct C-band Up-links for Integrity Constellation - 30 MEO Satellites Total: at least 31 C-band heads to external Service Providers and other entities 13 m antenna Mission C-band Up-link TT&C S-band Up-link (Nav/Integ/SAR/NRS/PRS) 5 combined Galileo Up-links Sites (global coverage) SDDN Ground Control and Mission Segments Facilities Galileo Control Centre 1 (GCC1) Mission C-band Up-link (Nav/Integ/SAR/NRS/PRS) + 4 dedicated Mission Up-links Sites MDDN/ ULS Network Galileo Control Centre 2 (GCC2) (geographical redundant) ERIS ERIS - External Regional Integrity Systems GCS - Galileo Control System GMS - Galileo Mission System GSS - Galileo Sensor Stations MDDN - Mission Data Dissemination Network NRS - Navigation Related Service PRS - Public Regulated Service SAR - Search And Rescue SDDN - Satallite Data Dissemination Network TT&C - Telemetry, Tracking and Telecommand ULS - Up-Link Station MDDN/ GSS Network Elements of GCS and GMS ~ 40 GSS Elements of GMS Elements of GCS 13

14 The Galileo System of Systems 14

15 The Galileo Timeline

16 Galileo Implementation Plan

17 Galileo System Architecture

18 Galileo Service Centers in Europe

19 Galileo Stations for Early Services

20 Galileo Services

21 Galileo Services Provision Timeline

22 The Galileo Service Center

23 Prerequisites for Providing Early Services Early Services impose significant constraints on all key Galileo actors, in order to: Ensure early and continuous operation of Galileo system Ensure early and continuous operation of the GSMC for handling security events Ensure early provision of user interfaces, e.g. to service centres Ensure proper definition and implementation of service validation activities Ensure proper and timely definition of liability regimes

24 Galileo Open Service (OS) Characteristics Free of charge positioning, navigation and timing information Galileo Open Service is fully interoperable with GPS Users Mass-market applications (i.e. smartphones, in-car navigation) Additional applications such as timing, surveying, farming, fleet management, passenger information systems Next steps Provide early Galileo Open Service from 2014 Autonomous and continuous service available when the full constellation is deployed Open Service (OS) Freely accessible service for positioning and timing

25 Galileo OS Early Service in 2014 Because of the reduced constellation deployed by 2014, the OS early service will not provide a standalone service Signals will be available for users and will provide benefits when combined with GPS or other constellations, by providing good ranging accuracy online monitoring of OS SIS and timely isolation/flagging of any OS SIS which are not reaching minimum performance levels EC/ESA/GSA currently defining the performance commitment for early services Number of signals available and positioning accuracy will increase with the deployment of additional satellites Full autonomous PVT performance will be declared at FOC

26 Galileo OS Phased introduction Phased approach tied to infrastructure deployment The early service milestone in 2014 will be linked to a minimum deployed infrastructure configuration to be defined as part of the service requirements derivation and gap analysis. The autonomous service milestone in 2016 is planned with a more complete constellation and with fully deployed ground infrastructure. This will allow declaration of an autonomous early service, with performance parameters that will improve with further satellite deployments, up to FOC.

27 Ground infrastructure for early OS Galileo user helpdesk facility will be available already in October operated under the supervision of the GSA Galileo Service Centre (GSC) is being set up in Madrid provides interfaces to all users of Galileo OS (as well as CS) support to receiver manufacturers support to service providers Main system operations (GMS / GCC) are ensured until 2016 preparations for operations after 2016 are proceeding Galileo Reference Centre (GRC) - Independent performance monitoring centre is being established

28 Current Galileo Governance

29 Galileo Integrated Approach The provision of Galileo services will be a process well distinct from the Galileo system development & acquisition process; A Service Management specific process, including methodology, best practices and organization, is required; However, system (acquisition) and service (provision) have to proceed together, in a coordinated and well harmonized manner; An integrated approach is required, with a systems engineering perspective covering both system and service related aspects.

30 Galileo Development & Acquisition Process Assets (Satellite Constellation, GCC s, GCS, GMS, GDDN, etc.) Galileo System Requirements Galileo System Galileo System Performance & Operations People (ESA Project Team, Subco s, EC, GSA, etc.) Processes (Engineering Board, VCB, CCB, CM, Ops Procedures, etc.)

31 Galileo Service Provision Process Assets (Galileo System, GSC, GPEC, etc.) Galileo Services Requirements Galileo Services Galileo Services Provision People (EC, GSA, ESA Support, Member States, Services Providers, Operators, etc.) Processes (Services Validation, KPIs Monitoring, Security Monitoring, Helpdesk, etc.)

32 What do we mean by "service"? By the term service we mean the guaranteed and committed delivery of a capability to a community of potential customers/users; In the delivery of a service, the focus is more on the commitment (continued over time) than on the technical performance (provided that the service delivered is useful and responds to a minimum set of guaranteed technical requirements). 32

33 Service Management Service Management is a set of specialized organizational capabilities for providing value to users/customers in the form of services; These organizational capabilities include all the processes, methods, functions, roles and activities that Service Providers uses to enable them to deliver services to their customers; The inputs to Service Management are the resources and capabilities that represent the assets of the Service Provider. The outputs are the services that provide value to users; The focus of Service Management is on the service delivery process which is different from a system development and acquisition process (focussed on technology and technical performance); From the Service Management viewpoint technologies and technical performance are means, not final objectives.

34 What is ITIL? ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) is a public framework (and a de facto standard) that describes Best Practices in IT Service Management; Although originally conceived and developed for ITbased services, the ITIL methodology and practices are applicable to the management of a generic service provision process; The Galileo service provision organization will have as its main and essential asset what can be seen as a large and complex ICT system (network based, computational intensive, software intensive); ITIL could therefore be a good reference for the Galileo Service Management definition.

35 Service Lifecycle (ITIL Standard)

36 The ITIL Process Model

37 Conclusions After a development, initial procurement and In-Orbit Validation phase, Galileo is proceeding with the procurement and in-orbit deployment of the full constellation and will start providing Early Services by the end of 2014; Large and complex service systems, such as Galileo, need a very collaborative integration of systems engineering, operations engineering and service management, with special attention to operational, governance and Integrated Logistic Support aspects.

38 Traditional Chinese Thai Russian Arabic Thank You English Gracias Spanish Obrigado Brazilian Portuguese Korean Grazie Italian Simplified Chinese Danke German Merci French Japanese

39 Il contenuto del documento, comprensivo di tutte le informazioni, dati, comunicazioni, grafica, testi, tabelle, immagini, foto, video, disegni, suoni e in generale ogni altra informazione disponibile in qualunque forma e qualsiasi materiale e servizio ivi presente è di proprietà di Sogei e/o degli autori e/o dei titolari dei materiali pubblicati ed è tutelato ai sensi della normativa in materia di diritto d'autore e di opere dell'ingegno. Non è consentito utilizzare, copiare, alterare, pubblicare e distribuire il documento, dati e informazioni e relative immagini riportate nello stesso, salvo permesso scritto validamente espresso da Sogei e fatte salve eventuali spettanze di diritto. Le note di copyright, gli autori ove indicati o la fonte stessa devono in tutti i casi essere citati nelle pubblicazioni in qualunque forma realizzate e diffuse. The content of the document, including all the information, data, communications, code, graphics, text, tables, images, photos, videos, music, drawings, sounds and in general all other information available in any form and any material and service present is the property of Sogei and/or the authors and/or of its licensees and assignors and is protected under the terms of legislation on copyright and intellectual property. It is forbidden to use, copy, alter, publish or distribute the documents, data and information and the associated images available on this document, without the written permission validly expressed by Sogei and always subject to any legal rights. The copyright notes, the authors where indicated or the source itself must in all cases be quoted in publications produced and distributed in any form.