TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II

Transcription

1 T.C. ANADOLU ÜN VERS TES YAYINI NO: 2995 AÇIKÖ RET M FAKÜLTES YAYINI NO: 1948 TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Yazarlar Yrd.Doç.Dr. Özgür YILDIRIM (Ünite 1, 3, 4, 7) Yrd.Doç.Dr. Ali MERÇ (Ünite 2, 5, 6, 8) Editör Prof.Dr. Zülal BALPINAR ANADOLU ÜN VERS TES

2 Bu kitab n bas m, yay m ve sat fl haklar Anadolu Üniversitesine aittir. Uzaktan Ö retim tekni ine uygun olarak haz rlanan bu kitab n bütün haklar sakl d r. lgili kurulufltan izin almadan kitab n tümü ya da bölümleri mekanik, elektronik, fotokopi, manyetik kay t veya baflka flekillerde ço alt lamaz, bas lamaz ve da t lamaz. Copyright 2013 by Anadolu University All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means mechanical, electronic, photocopy, magnetic tape or otherwise, without permission in writing from the University. UZAKTAN Ö RET M TASARIM B R M Genel Koordinatör Doç.Dr. Müjgan Bozkaya Genel Koordinatör Yard mc s Arfl.Gör.Dr. rem Erdem Ayd n Ö retim Tasar mc s Dr. Kadriye Uzun Grafik Tasar m Yönetmenleri Prof. Tevfik Fikret Uçar Ö r.gör. Cemalettin Y ld z Ö r.gör. Nilgün Salur Grafiker Ayflegül Dibek Kitap Koordinasyon Birimi Uzm. Nermin Özgür Kapak Düzeni Prof. Tevfik Fikret Uçar Ö r.gör. Cemalettin Y ld z Dizgi Aç kö retim Fakültesi Dizgi Ekibi Turizm çin ngilizce-ii ISBN Bask Bu kitap ANADOLU ÜN VERS TES Web-Ofset Tesislerinde adet bas lm flt r. ESK fieh R, Ocak 2013

3 çindekiler iii çindekiler Önsöz... viii Planning A Trip... 2 LET US READ... 3 Planning a Trip in 10 Steps... 3 Step 1: Establish a Budget... 3 Step 2: Pick a Destination... 3 Step 3: Create a Rough Itinerary... 4 Step 4: Set a Date and Book Transportation... 4 Step 5: Book Accommodation... 4 Step 6: Book Local Transportation... 4 Step 7: Search for Attractions... 4 Step 8: Consider Travel Insurance... 4 Step 9: Plan for Key Logistics... 5 Step 10: Pack... 5 HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT?... 5 HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Present Tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future Will and (be) Going to USEFUL INFORMATION Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar Tours And Tour Guides LET US READ Reading Tours and Package Holidays Reading Tour Guides HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? SITUATION A City Tour SITUATION A Tour to Mountains HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Arrive in - Arrive at TRADITIONAL BLACK SEA TOUR Prepositions of Spatial Relationship A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF TOUR GUIDES USUFUL INFORMATION - FAYDALI B LG LER ÜN TE 2. ÜN TE

4 iv çindekiler Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar ÜN TE 4. ÜN TE 5. ÜN TE Mass Tourism LET US READ Mass Tourism and Its Effects Part 1 - What is Mass Tourism? Mass Tourism and Its Effects Part 2 - Negative Effects of Mass Tourism HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING IN TOURISM INDUSTRY Discover the Wonders of Africa Enjoy This Unique Safari Nature lovers and adventurers dream CALL OUR AGENCY TODAY AND MAKE YOUR RESERVATION A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Order of Adjectives USEFUL INFORMATION Top 10 Things Every Travel Agent Should Do Right Now Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism LET US READ Turkey Aims To Be Health Tourism Hub HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE USEFUL INFORMATION Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism LET US READ Reading Urban Tourism LET US READ

5 çindekiler v Faith/Religious Tourism Faith Tourism in Turkey SITUATION An Urban Visit: Destination Europe SITUATION HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? TOKYO (JAPAN) OSAKA (JAPAN) SHANGHAI (CHINA) SINGAPORE HATAY MAN SA KIRfiEH R MARD N A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Articles (a/an/the) USEFUL INFORMATION- FAYDALI B LG LER ELEMENTS OF URBAN TOURISM Primary Elements SOME FACTS ABOUT TURKEY AS A DESTINATION FOR FAITH TOURISM Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar World Heritage Sites in Turkey LET US READ Reading UNESCO World Heritage Sites Reading Turkey in the World Heritage List HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? SITUATION A Visit to Selimiye Mosque and Its Social Complex SITUATION An Interview on the City of Safranbolu A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF INTERVIEWS The Language of Interviewers A LOOK AT LANGUAGE THE RELATIVE CLAUSES How to Form a Relative Clause? USEFUL INFORMATION Great Mosque and Hospital of Divri i Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia Historic Areas of Istanbul ÜN TE

6 vi çindekiler Hattusha: The Hittite Capital Mount Nemrut Xanthos-Letoon Archaeological Site of Troy The Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar ÜN TE 8. ÜN TE A General Outlook to Turkish Culture LET US READ Reading Turkish Music Reading Miniature Art Marbling (Ebru) Reading Turkish Cuisine Reading Life Style Turkish Baths A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect USEFUL INFORMATION- FAYDALI B LG LER Calligraphy (Hat) Turkish Coffee Turkish Delight Musical Instruments of Turkey Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar Correspondence In Tourism LET US READ Requesting Reservation HOW DO THEY WRITE? CONFIRMATION LETTER Reply Reply Reply A LETTER OF APOLOGY

7 çindekiler vii A LOOK AT LANGUAGE A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF HOTEL LETTERS HOW WOULD YOU WRITE IT? Useful Information - Faydal Bilgiler Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar References - Kaynaklar

8 viii Önsöz Önsöz Sevgili Ö renciler, nsanlar neden seyahat ederler diye kendimize bir soral m. Neden kendi evlerinin rahat ortam ndan ayr l p bir baflka ülkeye veya kendi ülkelerinde bile olsa bir baflka kente gidip gezmek isterler? Ço u kez bu isteklerinin alt nda merak duygusu yatar. nsano lu bilmediklerini ö renmek, görmediklerini görmek ve farkl deneyler yaflamak ister. Bu merak ve istek de günümüzde milyonlarca insan n farkl yönlere ve yerlere seyahat etmesi anlam na geliyor. Bu seyahatler para kazanmak amac gütmeden keyif amaçl yap ld klar zaman da ad na turizm deniyor. nsano lunun yolculuk yapma iste i 20. veya 21.yüzy la ait bir olgu de il. Tarih boyunca insanl k gezmifl, gezmeyi sevmifl. Tarihçiler, ilk turistlerin veya gezme merakl lar n n Romal lar oldu unu söylüyor. Merak ettikleri yerlere rahat ulaflabilmek için yol haritalar haz rlay p, konaklama yerlerini iflaretlemifller. Günümüzde, ça dafl seyyah daha h zl veya daha rahat seyahat etme flans na sahip. Ancak, yine de davran fllar n n veya isteklerinin Romal seyyahlardan farkl oldu unu söyleyemeyiz. Gidece i yere rahat ulaflmak, ulafl mda kolayl k, konaklamada rahatl k, gitti i yerde hoflça vakit geçirmek, iyi karfl lanmak, iyi a rlanmak, evine döndü ü zaman da gitti ime de di diyebilmek. flte bu aflamada onlar n yolculuklar n kolaylaflt racak ve daha zevkli hale getirecek olan turizm çal flanlar devreye giriyor. E er bir bireyde gezme iste i oluflmuflsa, bu iste in olufltu u andan itibaren, evinde oturuyor bile olsa, bir süreç bafll yor. Planlama, ulafl m, konaklama, gezi program gibi aflamalar içeren bir süreç. Bu sürecin yolculuk yapan kifli için sorunsuz geçmesini sa lamak da turizm sektörünün farkl alanlar nda çal flan sizlere düflüyor. Gelen turistler, daha do rusu konuklar ile iyi iletiflim kurmak, onlara yard mc olmak, onlar evlerinde hissettirmek ve gerekti i zaman onlara bilgi aktarmak hep sizlerin sorumlulu unda. English for Tourism kitaplar n z haz rlarken tüm bu aflamalar ve iletiflim ihtiyaçlar n göz önünde bulundurmaya çal flt k. Bu iki kitapl k serinin ilkinde size ngilizce birebir iletiflim kurma becerileri kazand rmaya yönelik konulardan oluflan bir kitap haz rlad k. Bu serinin ikinci kitab n n alan n za yaklafl m birinciye göre biraz daha farkl oldu. English for Tourism II kitab nda Planning a Trip; Tours and Tour Guides; Types of Tourism; Mass Tourism; Niche Tourism: Health Tourism, Ecotourism, Faith Tourism gibi turizm alan na daha genel bir bak fl aç s sa layan konular bulacaks n z. Günümüzde turizm ve turist kavramlar nda farkl yaklafl mlar n olufltu unu ve daha özelleflmifl turizm türlerinin var oldu unu düflünecek olursak bu seçimimizin do rulu u anlafl lacakt r. Kitab n z ayr ca ülkemizle ilgili bilgilerle de donat ld. UNESCO nun Dünya Kültürel Miras listesine giren ülkemiz görsel zenginliklerinin yan s ra, zengin kültürel miras m z, müzi imiz, mutfa m z gibi konularda da sizlere bilgi aktarmaya çal flt k. Kitab n z n son ünitesi ise turizm alan nda s kça rastlayaca n z yaz flma örnekleri içeriyor.

9 Önsöz ix Kitab m zda sekiz ünite bulacaks n z. lk kitab n zda oldu u gibi, her ünitenin kendi içerisinde okuma, okudu unu anlama, dilbilgisi aç klamalar ve ünitenin kapsad konu ile ilgili olan ngilizce kal psal yap lar n bulundu u bölümler bulacaks n z. Bu bölümler sizin ngilizce dil bilginizi gelifltirmek ve katk da bulunmak için haz rland. Özellikle, kal p kullan mlar çal flman z ve günlük yaflam n zda da uygulaman z n dil gelifliminizi h zland raca na inan yoruz. Her ünitemizin sonunda Faydal Bilgiler bafll alt nda bir ek bölüm bulacaks n z. Bu bölümde, ünitenin konusuna göre farkl alanlarda size alan bilgisi sunmaya çal fl yoruz. Ülkemizi ve kültürümüzü anlatan bu bölümlerin konuklar n za bilgi aktar rken sizlere fl k tutaca na inan yoruz. Her üniteyi size verilen takvime göre düzenli çal flman z, ünitelerde yer alan sorular yan tlaman z ve elden geldi ince uygulamada kullanman z konulara hakim olman z ve anlam n z için yeterli olacakt r. Her iki kitab haz rlarken iki farkl yaklafl m birlefltirmeye çal flt k. Size s rf dil a rl kl bir kitap haz rlayarak mesle inizle ilgili konular d flar da b rakmak istemedik. Ancak, bizler turizm alan uzmanlar da de iliz, size s rf turizm içerikli bir kitap da sunamazd k. Sonunda orta yolu bularak her iki alan da birlefltirmeye çal flan bu kitab m z size sunuyoruz. Hepinize baflar lar dileriz. Editör Prof.Dr. Zülal BALPINAR

10 1TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Yolculuk planlar yapmak; Bu planlarla ilgili ifllemler yapmak; Bu konuda kullan lan ngilizce kal plar hakk nda bilgi ve becerilere sahip olacaks n z. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Terms Planning a Trip Chosing Destinations Buying Tickets Making Reservations çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Planning A Trip LET US READ HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE USEFUL INFORMATION

11 Planning A Trip LET US READ Yola ç karken yolculuk amac m za göre götürece imiz giysileri ve gereksinimlerimizi seçer ve bavulumuzu veya s rt çantam z toplar z. Bu zihinsel olarak yolculu a bir ön haz rl kt r. Ancak, ço umuz bilet al p yola ç karken ayr nt l düflünmeyebiliriz. Gidece imiz yerde neler yapaca z, ulafl m nas l, nereleri görmeliyiz gibi sorular gözden geçirmek ve ona göre plan yapmak yapaca m z yolculu u daha zevkli k lar. Bu ünitemiz yolculuk planlamalar ve bu planlar n neler içerebilece i ile ilgili. lk okuma parçam z yolculu u planlarken nelere dikkat etmeli ve nas l planlar yapmal konusunda ipuçlar veriyor. Resim 1.1 Planning a trip Planning a Trip in 10 Steps Step 1: Establish a Budget It s important to establish a budget as early as possible, sometimes even before you know your destination, travel dates or itinerary. Some destinations are generally cheaper than others, but there are ways to save everywhere: travel in the offseason, pick budget accommodations, and plan a shorter trip. Step 2: Pick a Destination Now that you know how much you can spend, you can decide on where you want to go! Pick a particular place that s on your must-see travel list, and plan your vacation around that. Research it online and discuss it with family members or friends. Websites are a great place to browse travel photos, journals and videos posted by real people sharing their experiences. Visit countries tourism Web sites

12 4 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii for detailed information.keep in mind weather conditions, types of recreations (beaches, culture, shopping), and facilities (transport, eating out, etc.). Step 3: Create a Rough Itinerary Suppose you want to go to Turkey. Don t go ahead and buy a roundtrip flight to Istanbul and reserve a hotel room at least, not yet. You should prepare a dayby-day itinerary of your trip to Turkey before you book a thing. Research sites and cities you really want to explore, and then figure out which ones you have the time and budget for. Check out alternative ways of travel to your destination. Step 4: Set a Date and Book Transportation After choosing where you want to go and deciding on the dates, you will also want to look at transportation options. As transportation fare will probably be the most expensive part of your trip, you ll want to book it before anything else (car rental, hotel, etc.). If your schedule is flexible, you may be able to find less expensive rates for transportation on different days of the week. Once you get an idea of prices you can choose to book them right away if it fits your budget, or if you are more than six months away from your trip, watch them for a while. Check the prices at different times of the day to see if they drop so that you can save some extra money. Step 5: Book Accommodation When booking accommodations, consider two factors: value for the money and traveler reviews. Everyone likes to get a good deal, but check out travel websites and read about other travelers experiences to see if the location would be to your liking. Pay attention to the area of the lodging and determine if it is close enough to local attractions for you. Also consider factors such as free breakfast, a gym or spa if those things are important to you. Step 6: Book Local Transportation Find out how the locals get around the destination to which you re traveling, and act accordingly. You won t need a car rental in city centers where subways, buses, or bicycles are among options. For intercity travel, trains or buses can be good options. Also, a car rental may be your best bet if you plan to go outside the city. Book your rental car by using the websites of major car rental companies. Be mentally prepared to drive in a foreign country, which can be a horrifying experience when faced with incomprehensible traffic signs, narrow streets or roadblocks. Step 7: Search for Attractions When you finish planning your transportation and accommodations, begin researching about what you plan to do while you are at your destination. This is the point where you check out all the details such as museums to visit or favorite local restaurants to eat at. Be flexible and give yourself plenty of options. Step 8: Consider Travel Insurance There are several kinds of travel insurance: trip cancellation insurance, flight cancellation insurance, medical insurance, etc. If you want to buy travel insurance, many airlines and travel providers sell insurance that you can purchase. Check

13 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 5 your medical insurance coverage to see if you re covered abroad. If not, you may want to purchase supplemental medical insurance. Step 9: Plan for Key Logistics Start taking care of the key logistics such as money or phone a few weeks before your departure date. Call your credit card companies to let them know you ll be traveling abroad. Research the locations of ATM s in your destination. Find weather your cell phone plan and equipment allow you to make calls abroad. In addition, check whether the country you want to visit requires an entry visa. If you plan to rent a car, do not forget to check whether you need an international driver s license. Step 10: Pack Instead of packing the day before your trip, start thinking about it at least a week before you leave. Check the weather, put together a packing list, and take a look at your suitcase to make sure its wheels work and everything s going to fit. Decide whether the following sentences are True or False SIRA S ZDE according to the passage Planning a Trip in 10 Steps. Sentence ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES True False 1. A traveler should establish his/her budget after making all the bookings. 2. UYGULAYIN Travelling in the high-season is a way of saving money in any destination a traveler chooses to go. 3. Weather conditions and types of recreations are among the things K TAP to consider while planning a trip. BOOK 4. A traveler should always start by booking transportation. It should come even before creating an itinerary. NTERNET 5. A traveler should check different dates of the week for booking to save money on transportation, of course only if his/her schedule is flexible. 6. Getting a good deal should be the only criterion for a traveler ATTENTION while 7. booking accommodation. Driving in a foreign country requires more than having a valid driver s AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES license; one also needs to be mentally prepared for it. 8. Being flexible is quite important while searching and planning for attractions; things may change. 9. A traveler should consider the abroad coverage of his/her medical insurance while planning a trip. 10. It is enough to have a valid driver s license from your home country in order to drive abroad. 1 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? Okuma parças nda ad m ad m bir yolculuk planlan rken nelere dikkat edilmesi gerekti i konusunda bilgi edindik. fiimdi bu planlar uygularken ne tür konuflmalar yap labilece i konusunda size örnekler haz rlad k. lk konumuz bir araba kiralamak.

14 6 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 1.2 Courtesy of Ambro alphotos.net Resim 1.3 Choosing a car Courtesy of Vlado alphotos.net Situation 1: Brian is planning a trip to Turkey with his son. He wants to reserve a rental car for traveling from Istanbul to Eskisehir. He searches the websites of major rental car companies but he finds all the information and options quite confusing, so he decides to call the local car rental agency to get a better idea. The following is the phone conversation between Brian and the rental car agent: Rental Car Agent : Good morning. Thank you for calling Happy Wheels Rental Car Company. My name is Jason. How may I help you? Brian : Hi. I d like get a quote for a rental in Istanbul, Turkey. Rental Car Agent : Sure! I can help you with a quote and a reservation. What is the pick-up date? Brian : August 15 th. Rental Car Agent : And you are returning on? Brian : On the 25 th. Rental Car Agent : OK! And the pick-up location? Brian : What are your locations in Istanbul? Rental Car Agent : Just a second please!... Well, we have three locations in Istanbul: Ataturk International Airport, Sabiha Gökçen International Airport, and Taksim. Brian : I ll be staying at my friend s apartment; it s pretty close to Taksim; so I guess Taksim will be fine for me. Rental Car Agent : All right. I put Taksim for pick-up... Will you return it to the same location? Brian : Our flight back to the U.S.A. is on the 25 th, can I return it to Ataturk International Airport? Rental Car Agent : Sure, no problem! But the price will be a little higher. Brian : OK! I ll return it to Ataturk International Airport then. Rental Car Agent : All right. So I put Ataturk International as the return location.... Do you have a size in mind? Brian : Yes, I want a mid-size car. Rental Car Agent : OK. Let me check to see if we have one available on your dates... Hmmm. It s doesn t look like we do. We have a couple of economy, compact, and full-size cars available. Brian : Well, what is the main difference between these cars? Rental Car Agent : The main difference is size. The economy car is the smallest, and it seats fewer passengers and can hold fewer luggages... How many people are with you? Brian : Just me and my son. Rental Car Agent : Well, the economy car would work.

15 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 7 Brian : But I m really tall and trying squeeze into a very small car. I don t think so. Rental Car Agent : Well, if you need more room or comfort, I recommend the full-size car. It also has a nice stereo system, CD player, and cruise control, and power locks and windows. Brian : Well, I m not so concerned about how it s equipped. I just want to make sure it is comfortable to drive. And what is the daily rate for that anyway? Rental Car Agent : Well, let s see here. Oh, yeah. It ll come to fifty-seven ninetyfive a day. Brian : Wow, a little expensive. But what s the cost for mileage? Rental Car Agent : All of our cars have unlimited miles, but of course, that doesn t include gas. Brian : Good... By the way, I ll need a car seat installed in the car for my 3-year-old son. Rental Car Agent : Sure, and that ll only be one dollar extra per day. Will you need a GPS device, it s only three dollars extra per day, and I strongly recommend one if you are not familiar with the roads in Turkey. Brian : Yeah, of course. Thanks for reminding that to me, I ll definitely need one. Rental Car Agent : All right. So your estimated total comes to six-hundred and nineteen dollars and fifty cents. Brian : How about insurance? Rental Car Agent: Well, this price includes the liability, if you want a loss damage waiver, it is eight dollars per day. Brian : What s the difference? Rental Car Agent : The liability is the basic insurance that covers other people or vehicles in the event of an accident. Loss damage waiver provides coverage for the car you are driving. Brian : I get it. I don t think I need that because my credit card company will already provide loss damage coverage. Rental Car Agent : All right then, I just need a valid credit card number to make the reservation. This is for holding the car for you; you will make the actual payment when you return the car on August 25 th. Brian : OK. Just a second... OK, the number is... Situation 2: kinci konumuz yapt m z bir otel rezervasyonunu de ifltirmek. Brian has already booked a room at a hotel in Eskisehir by using one of the major travel websites. However, now he needs to change the dates on his reservation but he cannot do it online due to some restrictions of the website. So he calls the customer service for making the necessary changes. Resim 1.4 What shall I do? alphotos.net

16 8 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Customer Service Representative : Good afternoon, thank you for calling sweettravels.com, this is Tracy speaking, how can I help you today? Brian : Good afternoon. I made a reservation with your website two weeks ago but I need to change the dates now, I tried it online but the system wouldn t allow me... Customer Service Representative : All right sir. Let s see what I can do for you. Do you have a confirmation number? Brian : Yes. It s SWC Customer Service Representative : OK, just a second, I m checking your reservation... All right, here is the problem, your reservation is a nonrefundable one, we gave you a special price, you have already made the payment, and the reservation cannot be cancelled or modified now, this was the condition for the special price. Brian : I know, I understand... but I ll be travelling with my 3-year-old son, he needs to see his doctor before we leave, the doctor had to change the appointment, so I have to change all the dates in my travel itinerary. The number of days I stay will not change but I ll need to check in on August 15 th, and check out on the 25 th. Customer Service Representative : I understand... Let s see... Can you hold for a second please? Brian : Sure. Customer Service Representative : (about a minute later) Thank you for holding. I just talked to my supervisor, here is what we can and cannot do for you... we cannot cancel the reservation, or we cannot modify the dates keeping the same special price, but we can change your dates if you agree to pay the regular rate. Brian : Will I still get the same room type? Customer Service Representative : Sure, you reserved a deluxe room with a king-size bed and a child bed, it won t change, but you ll have to pay eleven dollars more per night, for ten nights your extra will add up to one-hundred and ten dollars, that of course includes free parking, free Wi-Fi, and breakfast buffet. Brian : That s fine with me. Thank you very much.

17 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 9 Customer Service Representative : Thank you. Would you like to make the payment with the credit card you made the original reservation with? Brian : Yes. Customer Service Representative : OK, you are all set then, I will make the necessary changes and you should get a confirmation for your modified reservation within the day... Is there anything else I can help you with? Brian : No, thanks. You ve been most helpful. Customer Service Representative : We appreciate your business sir. Have a nice day and enjoy your trip to Turkey. Brian : Thanks, Good bye. Situation 3: Üçüncü örne imiz ise uçak bileti almak ile ilgili. Brian is talking to a friend of his, Jeremy, about his flight to Istanbul. Jeremy : So when is your trip to Istanbul? Brain : It s on the 5 th of August. Jeremy : You must be very excited. Did you buy your plane ticket? Brain : Yes, it was the first thing I did, I bought it two months ago. Jeremy : I ve never been to Turkey. How long does it take? Brain : It s around ten hours if you choose a direct flight. Jeremy : Wow! Brain : I know, it is rather long. We ll take off at 4 pm from New York and we ll be landing the next day around 9 am in Turkish time, it will be 2 am here in New York. Of course, this is the flight schedule without considering any delays, the actual time could be longer with the delays. Jeremy : And this is a direct flight. I can t imagine a flight with stops. Brain : You re right. There are some options with different stops in Europe but with the layovers it takes more than 24 hours from door to door. Jeremy : I see. So you are lucky you re flying with a direct flight. Brain : Yeah. Actually, I ll feel better if I can find an aisle seat. I feel like I m squeezed into a shoebox in window seats, especially during those longdistance flights to overseas. Jeremy : Haha! Resim 1.5 Ready to go all the way to stanbul. Courtesy of Brandon Sigma/ alphotos.net Resim 1.6 Booking for your travel Courtesy of Kittikun/ alphotos.net

18 10 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? Yukar da okudu unuz konuflmalar da göz önünde bulundurarak afla daki al flt rmalar yapmaya çal fl n. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET 2 Jennifer is planning SIRA S ZDEa trip to Istanbul. She calls the local travel agency to book a hotel room and a rental car. Complete the following conversation by using the information ALIfiTIRMALAR in the box below (sentences will vary). EXERCISES Hotel Rental Car Check-in UYGULAYIN date: June 3 rd Pick-up date: June 7th Check-out LET S date: TH NK June 15 th Return date: June 11th Preferred room type: Standard Pick-up location: Sultan Ahmet Preferred K TAP amenities: Free breakfast, Return location: Sultan Ahmet Wi-Fi, laundry BOOK facilities Size: Economy Insurance: Liability and loss damage NTERNET waiver Extras: GPS device ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Travel Agent ATTENTION : Thank you for calling Tonawanda Travel Agency. How can I help you? Customer : Hi, I am travelling to Istanbul next month, I already bought the AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES plane tickets, now I need to reserve a room and a rental car. Travel Agent : I can help you with that, let s start with the hotel. What are your travel dates? Customer : I am going to arrive in Istanbul on (1)... and I am leaving on the (2)... Travel Agent : So your (3)...and you are (4)... Customer : Yes. Travel Agent : OK. Let s see what we have... There is a 4-star hotel with special price for your dates of travel, I strongly recommend this one, it has been constantly getting great reviews. I have a standard room for 89 Dollars a day, a deluxe room for 99 a day, and junior suite for 119 a day. Customer : What are the amenities for each room type? Travel Agent : Each rate includes (5)... Customer : Good. Those are the ones I need. Travel Agent : What s your preferred room type? Customer : (6)... Travel Agent : OK. Your room is booked then. Let s continue with the car. Are the dates same with the hotel dates? Customer : No, (7)... Travel Agent : All right. How about the pick-up and return locations? Customer : (8)... Travel Agent : Let me check... We have six locations in Istanbul: Ataturk International Airport, Sabiha Gökçen International Airport, Taksim, Sultanahmet, Kad köy, and Kartal. Customer : Let me think... I guess (9)... Travel Agent : And your return location?

19 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 11 Customer : (10)... Travel Agent : OK. What size do you prefer? We have economy, mid-size, and full-size cars available on the dates you prefer. Customer : (11)... Travel Agent : It is per day, without insurance. What type of insurance do you want? Customer : (12)... Travel Agent : All right. It is per day for both. Customer : So the total comes to a day, right? Travel Agent : That s right. Do you need a child seat or a GPS device? Customer : Oh, yes. (13)... Travel Agent : OK, as a matter of fact, GPS comes for free for the customers who choose the loss-and-damage waiver, so the price will be same with the GPS. Customer : Excellent. I guess we are done here. Travel Agent : Yes. Let me update your information. What is your customer number?... Complete the following conversation between a passenger and SIRA an S ZDE airline customer representative by using the prompts given in the box below (sentences may vary). ALIfiTIRMALAR Flight Info EXERCISES Travelling from: Ankara UYGULAYIN Travelling to: Copenhagen Date of travel from Ankara to Copenhagen: October 12 th, in the morning Date of travel from Copenhagen to Ankara: November 4 th, in the K TAP afternoon BOOK 3 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK Customer Representative : Thank you for calling Happy NTERNET Wings Airlines, how may I help you? Passenger : Hi! I want to buy a plane ticket from (1)... to (2)... ATTENTION Customer Representative : Sure. Do you want a (3)... or (4)... ticket? AMAÇLARIMIZ Passenger : Round-trip, please. OBJECTIVES Customer Representative : OK. Do you have exact dates on your mind, or are your dates flexible? Passenger : I have exact dates. I ll be leaving on (5)..., and I ll be coming back on (6)... And I don t want a connecting flight, I want a (7)... Customer Representative : All right. Let me check the times for you... OK, for your first flight, from (8)... to (9)..., on (10)..., we have a morning flight at 9:00 am, and an afternoon flight at 3:00 pm, which one do you prefer? Passenger : (11)... Customer Representative : OK. How about your return? Morning or afternoon? Passenger : (12)... NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

20 12 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Customer Representative : All right. Your seats will be assigned during checkin. You reservation will be complete when I get your name and credit card information... A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Bu ünitemizde yolculuklarla ilgili planlar yapmay ö reniyoruz. Ünitemizin bu bölümünde size ileriye yönelik planlar yaparken ngilizcede kullan labilecek yap lardan örnekler vererek aç klamalar yap yoruz. Planning a trip and talking about one s plans require use of future forms. In this section, we focus on different ways of talking about the future. Present Tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future ngilizcede gelecekle ilgili olarak planlar m z veya düflündü ümüz eylemleri anlatmak için farkl yap lar kullanabiliriz. Present Continuous (fiimdiki Zaman) ve Present Tense (Genifl Zaman) yap lar gelecek eylemleri, yapm fl oldu umuz uyarlamalar anlatmak için kullan labilir. Örnekleri dikkatle inceleyelim. Present Continuous can be used for talking about the things we have already arranged to do. - A : What are your plans for the summer vacation? B : I m going to Turkey for a ten-day vacation. (We understand that the speaker has already made the arrangements for his/her trip to Turkey.) - A : How will you travel around when you are in Turkey? B : I m renting a car for local transportation. (We understand that the speaker has already booked a rental car.) - Thomas and Maria are visiting their grandparents in Thanksgiving Holiday. Simple Present can also be used with a future meaning when we talk about timetables, programs, etc. Present Tense (Genifl Zaman) - The plane takes off at 9 a.m. and lands at 3 p.m. - When do you pick up the rental car? SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 4 Complete the SIRA sentences S ZDE by using present continuous or simple present for the future. 1. Next ALIfiTIRMALAR week I...(go) Istanbul for a business trip. 2. I...(meet) EXERCISES the representatives of the company we have been doing business for years. 3. It s a UYGULAYIN long flight from New York to Istanbul. My plane...(leave) New York at 4 p.m. and it...(arrive) in Istanbul at 2 a.m. in New York time. K TAP 4. The owner BOOKof the company I...(visit) has made a lot of plans for my visit. 5. First day NTERNET we...(have) our meetings in the morning. 6. Then we...(have) lunch at a nice restaurant overlooking at the Bosphorous. 7. In the ATTENTION evening we...(go) to a beautiful jazz concert. 8. The next day we...(fly) to Antalya, a nice city by the Mediterranean. 9. It is a short flight. The plane...(take off) at 10 a.m. and it AMAÇLARIMIZ...(land) OBJECTIVES at 11:30 a.m. 10. I...(come back) to New York after spending two days in Antalya.

21 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 13 Will and (be) Going to Gerek will gerekse (be) going to yap lar gelecek planlar anlatmak için kullan l r. Aralar nda çok az kullan m farklar vard r. Will daha çok konuflurken planlad - m z eylemleri anlatmakta (be) going to ise daha çok yapmay daha önceden planlam fl oldu umuz gelecek eylemlerini anlatmakta kullan l r. We use will when we decide to do something at the time of speaking. We use (be) going to when we have already decided to do something. - A : Jane and Maria are going to Florida for the weekend. B : Oh really? I didn t know. I ll join them. (The speaker has decided to join them at the time of speaking.) - A : Jane and Maria are going to Florida for the weekend. B : Yes, I know. I m going to join them. (The speaker has already made arrangements to join them.) - A : What are your plans for the upcoming Christmas Holiday? B : I haven t made exact plans yet. I guess I ll visit my parents in Los Angeles. - A : What are your plans for the upcoming Christmas Holiday? B : First, I m going to visit my parents in Los Angeles. Then I m going to go to Miami for a four-day vacation at resort hotel. Read the situations and complete the sentences using will or SIRA (be) S ZDE going to. 1. The phone rings at a travel agency and the representative answers. A customer wants to speak to rental car department. ALIfiTIRMALAR A : Hello. Can I speak to the rental car representative, please. EXERCISES B : Just a moment.... him (I/get). UYGULAYIN 2. It s a nice day. Jack decides to go to the park. Before going outside, he tells his friend. Jack : The weather is too nice to stay indoors.... K TAP to the park (I/go). BOOK Mike : That s a good idea. I think... you (I/join). 3. You saw a vacation advertisement in the newspaper. NTERNET At first you were interested but then you decided not to go. Friend : Have you decided what to do about that vacation that was advertised? You : Yes,... to it (I/not/go). ATTENTION 4. John has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow AMAÇLARIMIZ morning. John : Ann, I need somebody to take me to the airport OBJECTIVES tomorrow morning. Ann : No problem.... you (I/take). What time is your flight? John : 10:50 Ann : OK....at about 9 o clock then (we/leave). 5 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Later that day, Joe offers to take John to the airport. Joe : John, do you want me to take you to the airport? John : No thanks, Joe.... me (Ann/take).

22 14 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 1.7 Making lists and plans Courtesy of Stuard Miles// alphotos.net USEFUL INFORMATION Bu bölümde sizlere tatille ilgili planlar yaparken kullanabilece iniz internet sitelerine ait bilgileri ve konu ile ilgili kullanabilece iniz sözcükleri aç klamaya çal fl yoruz. Major Car Rental Companies Hertz: ( Represented in over 140 countries, operating a fleet of 550,000 vehicles from 6,500 locations. Avis: ( The world s second largest general-use car rental business, more than 1,700 locations in the United States, Canada, and world-wide. National: ( 2,000 locations in the United States, Canada, and world-wide. Budget: ( A leading car rental company with nearly 2,000 car rental locations in the US, Canada, and world-wide. Alamo: ( One of the largest vacation rental providers with programs to accommodate and encourage leisure travel. More than 1200 locations throughout the United States, Canada, and world-wide. Some location allow customers pick up the car model. Dollar: ( Offers a large selection of fine quality Daimler Chrysler vehicles. Enterprise: ( One of the largest rental car company in North America. Thrifty: ( A value-oriented car rental company that has a significant presence both in the airport and local car rental markets. More than 1,200 locations in the United States and world-wide. Payless: ( Payless Car Rental is a privately held company with over 135 locations worldwide. Major Travel Websites - Full service booking and planning site. - Full service travel search and booking site. - Full service search and booking site. - Enables user to search favorite travel sites faster with fewer clicks. - Full service travel search engine. - Hotel Booking Specialists. -Comprehensive listing of Hotels, B&B s, Apartments, Castles, Villas, Resorts, Spas, etc. - Reviews of hotels, flights and vacation rentals.

23 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 15 Vocabulary for Hotel Description Resim mstudies.blogspot.com /2009/04/english-fortourismvocabulary.html Vocabulary for Tourist Attraction Resim mstudies.blogspot.com /2009/04/english-fortourismvocabulary.html

24 16 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Vocabulary - Sözcükler Car Rental Glossary of Terms Additional drivers: Additional driver registered and listed on the rental agreement. This may welcome some additional charge depending on the rental car provider. ALI (Additional Liability Insurance): This provides additional protection for bodily injury or death plus property damage. Airport charges: Fees applied by the airport authorities for terminal and off terminal locations. In most cases, these costs are also applied to additional charges, such as one way, fuel option, child, seat rental etc., which are not included in the daily rate and are paid at the counter. CDW (Collision Damage Waiver): Covers the rental vehicle for accidental damage other than by theft or attempt of theft. An excess generally applies and the amount varies depending on country and/or vehicle type. ER (Excess Reduction): An optional fee offered by the car rental company to trim down or waive the insurance excess in the case of an insurance claim for damage or theft. EI (Excess Insurance): The amount the customer is liable for in case of the rental vehicle is damaged or stolen, no matter the driver is at fault or not. LDW (Loss Damage Waiver): Covers the rental vehicle in case of accidental damage and theft. An excess generally applies and the fees vary depending on the country and/or vehicle type. Liability insurance: The basic insurance coverage that covers injuries or damage to other people or property if you re at fault for an accident. OWF (One Way Fee): This fee is inflicted to cover the costs of returning the vehicle back to the original location. PAI (Personal Accident Insurance): This insurance covers the driver and passengers of the rental vehicle in the event of personal and physical injuries incurred in accident. Pick-up location: The location, usually a branch of the car rental company, that the customer collects the car. PLS (Premium Location Surcharge): Fees applied by car rental companies at selected downtown and railway locations. Rental period: Car rental period starts when you pick up the rental car and ends when you drop off. Rental periods are based on periods of 24 hours at the time of pick up Return location: The location, usually a branch of the car rental company, that the customer returns the car. Security deposit: Amount frozen on the client s credit card at the time of collecting rental car. Frozen amount is typically the full insurance excess amount. Senior driver surcharge: Surcharge payable by senior drivers more and/or between a specific age. TP (Theft Protection): Covers the rental vehicle in case of theft, theft attempt or damage. An excess generally applies and the amount varies depending on country and/or vehicle type. Third Party Insurance: Provides coverage against injury to persons other than driver of the car and property damage other than the rental vehicle. Young driver surcharge: Surcharge payable by young drivers under a specific age. Common Terms Used in Online Hotel Booking Check-in date: The date the guest starts staying at the hotel. Check-out date: The date the guest leaves the hotel. Free cancellation: The guest can cancel or modify the reservation any time s/he wants without paying any extra amount of money. Hotel amenities: Services provided by the hotel to make the guest s stay a comfortable and easy one. Non-refundable: A non-refundable amount of money cannot be paid back to the customer. Rate: Usually the price the guest pays per night for the hotel. Special rate (price): The rate (price) after a particular discount applied. To modify a reservation: To change the check-in or check-out dates, or room preferences, on a reservation.

25 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 17 Common Terms Used in Air Transportation Aisle seat: A seat on an aircraft that is on the aisle side. Check-in: The process of reporting your arrival at an airport. Connected flight: Any flight between two points with at least one stop or change of aircraft. Direct flight: Any flight between two points without any stops or change of aircrafts. Landing: The action of bringing an aircraft down to the ground after being in the air Layover (stopover): A stop between parts of a long plane journey. One-way ticket: A plane ticket that can be used for traveling from one point to another only, but not for traveling back. Point of arrival: The place (city) a plane ends a journey. Point of departure: The place (city) a plane starts a journey. Round-trip ticket: A plane ticket that can be used for traveling from one point to another, and for traveling back. Seat assignment: The act of assigning a seat number by an airline worker for a passenger. Take-off: The time when a plane leaves the ground and begins flying. Time (date) of arrival: The time (or date) a flight arrives the point of arrival. Time (date) of departure: The time (or date) a flight leaves the point of departure. Window seat: A seat on an aircraft that is on the window side. Match the expressions with their definitions in the box below. a. Non-refundable f. Round-trip ticket b. Free cancellation g. Liability insurance c. Layover (stopover) h. LDW (loss-damage-waiver) d. Connected flight i. To modify a reservation e. Take-off j. Airport charges 1... Fees applied by the airport authorities for terminal and off terminal locations Covers the rental vehicle in case of accidental damage and theft. An excess generally applies and the fees vary depending on the country and/or vehicle type An amount of money that cannot be paid back to the customer The guest can cancel or modify the reservation any time s/he wants without paying any extra amount of money To change the check-in or check-out dates, or room preferences, on a reservation Any flight between two points with at least one stop or change of aircraft The basic insurance coverage that covers injuries or damage to other people or property if you're at fault for an accident A stop between parts of a long plane journey A plane ticket that can be used for travelling from one point to another, and for travelling back The time when a plane leaves the ground and begins flying.

26 18 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. Which of the following is NOT among the steps of planning a trip, according to the passage Planning a Trip in 10 Steps? a. Establishing a budget b. Finding a destination c. Finding friends living close to your destination d. Packing e. Booking local transportation 2. Which of the following is NOT among the factors to consider while booking accommodation, according to the passage Planning a Trip in 10 Steps? a. Getting a good deal b. Traveler reviews c. Area of the lodging d. Free breakfast e. Free computer games 3. Choose the best option to complete the following conversation. A : I d like to get a quote for a rental in Eskisehir. B : Yes, sir. What are your... and... dates? a. take-off / landing b. liability / loss damage waiver c. check-in / check-out d. economy / mid-size e. pick-up / return 4. When you rent a car,... is the type of insurance that covers other people or vehicles whereas...is the insurance that covers the rental vehicle. a. liability / loss damage waiver b. free cancellation / non-refundable c. take-off / landing d. amenity / pick-up e. one-way fee / rental period 5. Choose the best option to complete following conversation. A : I m looking for a... from Moscow to Erzurum, I don t want long layovers. B: I m sorry but all our flights between those two locations are... a. take-off / landing b. direct flight / connected c. non-refundable / free cancellation d. stopover / layover e. seat assignment / round-trips 6. Choose the best option to complete the following conversation. A : Let s have a party. B : That s a great idea. We... lots of people. a. are going to invite b. invite c. will invite d. are inviting e. are to invite 7. Jack and I have decided to have a party. We... lots of people. a. are going to invite b. will invite c. invite d. inviting e. are to invite 8. Next weekend I... to Mexico, I have already bought my plane ticket. The plane is scheduled to take off at 11 a.m. and it...at 4 p.m. a. will go / will land b. am going/ lands c. am going to go / is to land d. will go / may land e. go / will land 9. A...can be used for traveling from one point to another, and for traveling back. a. seat assignment b. point of arrival c. layover d. round-trip ticket e. check-in means to change the check-in or checkout dates, or room preferences, on a hotel reservation. a. A non-refundable reservation b. To modify a reservation c. To cancel a reservation d. Loss damage waiver e. A stopover

27 1. Ünite - Planning A Trip 19 Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer key for Let Us Test Ourselves 1. c 2. e 3. e 4. a 5. b 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. d 10. b Sentence True False 1. * 2. * 3. * 4. * 5. * 6. * 7. * 8. * 9. * 10. * Answer Key for It s Your Turn 1 Answer Key for It s Your Turn 2 1. June 3 rd th. 3. check-in date is June 3 rd 4. checking out on June 15 th 5. free breakfast, Wi-Fi, and laundry 6. I guess I will go with the standard room 7. the pick-up date is June 7 th, and I am planning to return it on June 11 th 8. What are the available locations? 9. I ll pick the car up from Sultanahmet. 10. The same. 11. Economy is enough for me. How much is the rate per day? 12. I want both liability and loss-and-damage waiver. 13. I ll need a GPS device, but not a child seat Answer Key for It s Your Turn 3 1. Ankara 2. Copenhagen 3. one-way 4. round-trip 5. October 12 th 6. November 4 th 7. direct flight. 8. Ankara 9. Copenhagen 10. October 12 th 11. The morning flight please. 12. Afternoon please. Answer Key for It s Your Turn 4 1. am going to 2. am meeting 3. leaves / arrives 4. am visiting 5. are having 6. are having 7. are going 8. are flying 9. takes off / lands 10. am coming back Answer Key for It s Your Turn 5 1. I ll get 2. I am going to go / I ll join you. 3. I am not going to go 4. I ll take / we ll leave / Ann is going to take Answer Key for It s Your Turn 6 1. j 2. h 3. a 4. b 5. i 6. d 7. g 8. c 9. f 10. e

28 20 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii References - Kaynaklar Murphy, R. (1994). English Grammar in Use. Cambridge: CUP. english-for-tourism-vocabulary.html tips/europe/planning-a-trip-to-europe-your-10- step-guide Glossary-Of-Terms

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30 2TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Turlar ve tur rehberleri hakk nda, Onlar n kullanabilecekleri ngilizce yap lar ve kal plar konusunda bilgi sahibi olacaks n z. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Terms Tours Tour Guides Language of Tour Guides Types of Tourism çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Tours And Tour Guides LET US READ HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? SITUATION 1 SITUATION 2 HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE TRADITIONAL BLACK SEA TOUR A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF TOUR GUIDES USUFUL INFORMATION - FAYDALI B LG LER

31 Tours And Tour Guides LET US READ Bu ünitemizde turlar, tur organizasyonu ve turlar n baflar l olmas ndan sorumlu olan tur rehberleri ve onlar n özellikleri konusunda bilgi ediniyor ve özellikle tur rehberlerinin kullanabilece i ngilizce yap ve kal plardan örnekler veriyoruz. Tours Resim 2.1 Retrieved from om/company/services Reading 1 Tours and Package Holidays Read the text about package tours and answer the questions that follow. Principles Transportation+Transfers+Accommodation+Other Services Tour Operator Direct Selling Travel Agent Clients Package holidays are also known as package tours. They include all the necessary things for a good holiday. Package holidays include transport to and from the destination and transfers between the airport or the station or the port and the hotel. They also provide tourists food and accommodation at the destination. If tourists need other services such as a guide or a holiday rep, package tours are available.

32 24 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Tour operators are the professionals who bring all the elements together to create a holiday. They buy or reserve in advance from airlines, shipping lines, and hoteliers. As they buy hundreds of seats and rooms from these tourism partners, they pay a much lower price than an individual. The tour operator then turns this into individual packages known technically as inclusive tours (ITs). These are marketed to the consumers through travel agents or by other systems. Tour operators sell different types of holidays. The really big operators, the mass market operators, produce low-cost holidays to traditional sea, sun and sand destinations like Spain, Greece or Turkey. Other operators limit their product to customers who want a very specific type of holiday. These specialist operators sell adventure holidays, holidays for single people, holidays for motor-racing fans, and so on. Domestic operators specialize in tours for people who want to spend their holiday in their own country. Incoming tour operators are specialists in providing holiday packages to visitors coming from abroad. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION 1 AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Resim 2.2 Let me show you the way Retrieved from sifieds/viewpost.php?postid= SIRA S ZDE 1. Package holidays are created by tour operators and then sold through the chain of distribution. What are the components of a typical package holiday? a. ALIfiTIRMALAR b. EXERCISES c. d. UYGULAYIN 2. To buy in K TAP bulk means to buy something a. on the BOOK Internet b. in large quantities c. in secret NTERNET d. a long time before you need to use it 3. Why is it ATTENTION important to buy in bulk in tour operation? AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Reading 2 Tour Guides All tours need someone who can direct the tour. Tour agencies employ tour guides for their package or individual tours so that these tours run smoothly. Tour guides play an important role in tourism industry. They are the ones who welcome guests, guide them around, and in general, take care of the guests of a tour. They are responsible for meeting and greeting visitors, organizing their stay, answering their questions in detail,

33 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 25 providing information at tourist sites, resolving visitor complaints and concerns, overall, making the guests comfortable and the tour a success. Tour guides must have outgoing personalities- patient, energetic have good interpersonal skills-courteous, patient, caring, diplomatic, understand and manage different cultures, have problem solving skills, be fluent in different languages, be able to organize well, have information and knowledge about the tour destinations, and have strong communication and presentation skills. SIRA S ZDE 1. What are some of the duties of a tour guide? a. - b. ALIfiTIRMALAR c. EXERCISES 2 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 2. Name some of the personal characteristics that a tour guide UYGULAYIN must have. a. - b. - K TAP c. - BOOK d. - NTERNET HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? Afla da konuklar yla tur rehberleri aras nda farkl konular içeren konuflmalardan örnekler bulacaks n z. ATTENTION SITUATION 1 AMAÇLARIMIZ Read the following conversation between a tour guide and OBJECTIVES visitors. Then, answer the questions that follow. A City Tour Guide : If you have any questions while we re going along, please don t hesitate to ask. Visitor 1 : I have a question actually. Guide : Sure, what s that? Visitor 1 : Where s the best place to have breakfast around here? I d like to try tomorrow morning. Guide : Well, that s a hard question. There are so many good restaurants and breakfast places. My personal favorite is Mavi Nehir. They specialize in local food. UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Resim 2.3 A tour guide giving information Courtesy of Ali Merç

34 26 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Visitor 1 : How do we get there? Guide : I ll point it out to you when we pass by it. It s going to come up on your left in half an hour. Visitor 2 : My son wants to know if we re going to visit any museums today. Guide : Museums? No, I m afraid all of the museums are further into the city. We re going to be staying near the coast today. I can give you a map of the city, though. It shows where all of the museums are. Visitor 1 : Sorry, I ve got another question. Guide : No problem. That s what I m here for. Visitor 1 : Are we allowed to take pictures once we get inside the museums? Guide : Oh, I m glad you asked that. I forgot to mention that taking photographs inside the art galleries and the museums is not allowed. However, you can take pictures of the grounds and the outside of the buildings. The architecture is beautiful. Visitor 3 : Oh, thank you, and what time will we be stopping for lunch? Guide : We ll give a lunch break around noon and meet back at the bus at 12:45 sharp. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION 3 Resim 2.4 AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Tourists are on their way to Uluda Retrieved from dem.com/ajanslar/ bursaya-londrausulu-sehirotobusu html 1. What does SIRA the S ZDE tour guide recommend? 2. Where will ALIfiTIRMALAR the tour stay for this day? EXERCISES 3. What does the tour guide say tourists are prohibited from doing? UYGULAYIN 4. What time is the lunch? K TAP 5. What does BOOK sharp mean? NTERNET SITUATION 2 Read the following conversation between a tour guide and visitors. Then, answer the questions ATTENTION that follow. AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES A Tour to Mountains Guide : Today, we will be going to Uluda with a wonderful view on our way. It s about a fifteen-minute bus ride up to the top of the mountain. As we go by the narrow roads, the mountain will look more majestic to you. Visitor 1: I guess we are safe here, are we? Guide : Yes, you don t have anything to worry about. We do the daily tour up the mountain every day, and these tours have been going on for over ten years without any accidents. You will notice wildlife as we go up. It is very common to see deers and even bears. Visitor 2 : What s that mountain to the right called?

35 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 27 Guide : That s Mount Gürbüz. And to the right of that with the three small peaks is Mount Alaca. Now, if you look straight ahead, you will be able to see a large eagle s nest. Can everyone see? Visitor 3 : Are there any baby eagles, eaglets? Guide : That s a good question. I haven t seen any yet, but we usually see them around this time of the year. Visitor 4 : What s that lake down there, to the left of the green meadow? Guide : I m glad you asked. That s Karagöl, The Black Lake. It s actually a man made lake that was built as part of a conservation effort over thirty years ago. During the 60 s there was a lot of clear cutting of forests in the area, and much of the wildlife was lost. After Karagöl was built, ducks, swans, and geese have returned to the area. Visitor 5 : Is this the highest mountain in this region? Guide : No, actually, Mount Efe, which you we will be able to see in just a minute or so has the highest peak. But, this is the highest mountain for recreational purposes like skiing and guided tours. Visitor 5 : Is it possible to ski throughout the year? Guide : No, it warms up enough to actually suntan up here in the summer. Oh, look everyone. There are two deers feeding in the clearing right in front of us. Visitor 5 : Thanks. That should be a great photo. So, what is there to do besides skiing at the top of the hill at this time of year? Guide : Oh, there s plenty to do. We have horseback riding, snowmobile tours, and a petting zoo for children. 1. Where is this tour taking place? SIRA S ZDE 2. Can the tourists see any wild animals during the tour? ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 3. What does the tour guide do after he points out Karagöl? UYGULAYIN 4. What is the highest mountain in the region? 5. What are the activities possible in the area at this time of the K TAP year? BOOK 6. Which of the following does the tour guide NOT point out during the tour? NTERNET a. some deer b. a restaurant c. mountain peaks ATTENTION HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 4 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION Resim AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 2.5 Travel Agent offers you the World Courtesy of nokhoog_buchachon photos.net

36 28 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 5 UYGULAYIN Resim River Porsuk, fialale Park, K TAP Odunpazar (Atl han), BOOK Haller Gençlik Center, NTERNET Meercahum Museum, Çii Börek(Eskiflehir specialy) ATTENTION Courtesy of Sami Alt nay AMAÇLARIMIZ dum.com/eskisehirrehberi/;yaz l kaya, OBJECTIVES Courtesy of ri.org.tr/etkinlikler/ eskisehir-halkevleri Mr. Traver wants SIRA S ZDE to go on a holiday with his family. He goes to a travel agency and gets some information. But he is confused about the answers he got. Read the following statements ALIfiTIRMALAR and put them in the right order to have the full conversation. Travel Agent: EXERCISES 1. Would you like a hotel just by the sea? 2. I m afraid UYGULAYIN it s the end of the high season. 3. OK. Here are a few brochures about Alanya, with information about hotel accommodation and self-catering apartments, too. When would you like to K TAP travel? BOOK 4. South of Turkey, or the Western part? 5. Good NTERNET morning. How can I help you? 6. Do you have any particular destination in mind? Mr. Traver: 7. Alanya ATTENTION would be great. 8. We d like to go for a week in September. Is that high or low season? 9. OK. Thanks very much. I ll have a look at the brochures and think about it. AMAÇLARIMIZ 10. I d like OBJECTIVES to go away for a holiday with my family - a sunny place. 11. Yes, I d like a hotel beside a beach. 12. Turkey, I think. Do ru s ralamay yapmaya çal fl n, daha sonra cevap anahtar ile karfl laflt r n. You are a tour SIRA guide S ZDE of a tour to Eskiflehir. Complete the following conversation to respond to tourists. Eskiflehir i ALIfiTIRMALAR daha önce de size tan tm flt k. fiimdi s ra sizde. Eskiflehir de rehberlik yap yormuflsunuz EXERCISES gibi konuklar n zla konuflmaya çal fl n. Yukar da size belirtmifl oldu umuz kal plardan yararlanmay unutmay n. UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

37 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 29 You : Hello everyone! My name is..., I m your tour guide today. Visitor 1 : Hello... Eskiflehir is a very beautiful city. You : Yes, it is. (1). Visitor1 : I ve got a question actually. You : (2)? Visitor 1 : What does Eskisehir mean? You : (3). Visitor 1 : Thank you. You : (4)? Visitor 2 : I have a question, too. Where is Yaz l kaya? You : (5). It s an hour away from the city center. We ll be there tomorrow. Today, (6). Visitor 3 : Which places will we be visiting in the city center? You : River Porsuk, Odunpazar Houses, and Kentpark Visitor 4 : Where s the best place to have lunch around here? You : (7). There are so many good restaurants. My favorite is Çi börek Palace. Visitor 4 : How do we get there? You : (8). It s going to come up on your left in a few minutes. Visitor 4 : Thank you. Sorry, I have another question. You : (9). Visitor 4 : What time will we be stopping for lunch? I m very hungry. You : (10). Visitor 4 : Half an hour after noon, huh? Isn t it so short? And I understand that I ll miss you if I m late. You : Unfortunately, yes. A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Bu bölümde özellikle yer, yön ve zaman belirtilirken kullan lan edatlar üzerinde duruyoruz. Gerek tur tan t mlar nda gerekse turizm rehberlerinin s k s k baflvuraca bu yap lardan baz lar n daha önce de sizlere anlatm flt k. Ancak, ngilizcenin yap s için çok önemli olan bu yap lar s k s k tekrarlamak ve aç klamak bu yap lar n sizlerce daha iyi anlafl lmas n ve daha s k ve do ru kullan lmas n sa layacakt r. Prepositions of Time in on at since & for Month or Year Particular time of day or month or year Century or specific time in past etc Day Date Particular day Time of clock Short and precise time Beginning of an activity and the duration of that activity in July, in 2013 in the afternoon, in summer in 19 th century, in old ages on Monday on July 4 th on Children s day at 3 o clock at noon, at present since 1978, for three years, for a long time, since the beginning of the tour

38 30 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Prepositions of Place in on at Place with boundary Surface Specific place in Eskiflehir in the car in Turkey on the table on a map on the wall At the bus stop At the bottom of the bottle ngilizcede çok s k kar flt r lan iki yap y size aç klamak istedik. Arrive in - Arrive at Arrive in is used with countries, states, and cities. What time did you arrive in Eskiflehir? Arrive at is used with activities, buildings and general locations. Everyone except Suna arrived at the meeting place on time. All tourists arrived at Atl han at the same time. The tour guide arrived at Eskiflehir coach station earlier than the tourists. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES Resim 2.7 UYGULAYIN Trabzon Courtesy of m/web/trabzonspor/ K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 7 Read the following SIRA S ZDE tour program and complete the blanks using in/on/at/to. TRADITIONAL BLACK SEA TOUR ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES DAY 1 Arrive (1) Trabzon Airport. UYGULAYIN (2) Transfer (3) the hotel, check-in and light supper K TAP BOOK DAY 2 TRABZON Half-day tour of Trabzon. Try NTERNET kuymak, a traditional meal that is mostly eaten (4) the morning. Afternoon free for ATTENTION shopping. Visit a traditional folk music horon (5) night. DAY 3 SÜMELA MONASTERY AMAÇLARIMIZ (6) OBJECTIVES Saturday, we leave after breakfast for Sümela Monastery. It is (7) the region of Maçka (8)Trabzon. DAY 4 UZUNGÖL (LONG LAKE) The lake is (9) a distance of 99 km from Trabzon. We make an early start (10) dawn to see the sun come up over the lake. Of is (11) our way to Uzungöl.

39 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 31 Prepositions of Spatial Relationship Mekânsal iliflkileri belirten edatlardan bir k sm n sizlere sunuyoruz. Gülen yüzü takip ederek bu edatlar n anlam ve kullan mlar n anlamaya çal fl n. Look at the diagrams and follow the smiling face. Try to understand the meanings of the prepositions used to express spatial relationships. IN/INSIDE ON UNDER/BELOW BETWEEN ABOVE/OVER OUT OF IN TO OVER AGAINST THROUGH IN FRONT OF BEHIND NEAR TOWARDS NEXT TO/BY/BESIDE ROUND/AROUND AMONG UP OPPOS TE DOWN ACROSS

40 32 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 8 Resimlerdeki SIRA görsel S ZDE ipuçlar ndan yararlanarak ve do ru edatlar kullanarak sorular yan tlamaya çal fl n. Try to answer ALIfiTIRMALAR the questions about the pictures using the correct prepositions. EXERCISES UYGULAYIN UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK K TAP BOOK 1. The boy is - the bus stop. NTERNET NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES ATTENTION Courtesy of digitalart AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 2 a. The bus is traveling - the world. 2 b. The children are the bus. Courtesy of digitalart 3 a. The boy is sitting the books. 3 b. The book is of the boy. Courtesy imagerymagestic of digitalart

41 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides The books are flying - the girl s head. Courtesy Stuart Miles 5. The boy is smiling - the books. Courtesy of photostock 6. Is the turtle walking - the airport or - the taxi? Courtesy of Tongdang 7 a. The boy is his bicycle. 7 b. The dog is the bicycle and the boy. 7 c. The boy is - of the dog. Courteys of AKARAKINGDOMS

42 34 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 8 a. The house is - the sea. 8 b. The sea is the sun. Courtesy of Salvatore Vuono 9 a. Pouring milk - a bottle and 9 b. - the glass. Courtesy of Ambro SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK 9 NTERNET Resim 2.8 Tour Guide helping out visitors ATTENTION Retrieved from argeneva.org/touris AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES m/holiday/guide_fil es/guide.htm Go to Let Us SIRA Read, S ZDE How Would They Say : Situation 1 and Situation 2, Sections above. Find out the prepositions of time, place, and spatial relationship and underline time. ALIfiTIRMALAR Ünitemizin EXERCISES bafl nda okumuz oldu unuz Let us Read ve How Would They Say:Situation 1 and Situation 2 bölümlerini bir kez daha gözden geçirerek bu bölümlerde UYGULAYIN zaman ve mekan belirten edatlar saptamaya çal fl n. A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF TOUR GUIDES K TAP Bu bölümde rehberlerin BOOK kullanabilecekleri kal p yap larla s k s k karfl laflabilecekleri konuk sorular ndan örnekler vermeye çal fl yoruz. NTERNET Here are some of the possible statements by visitors: Afla da konuklar n olas sorular ndan örnekler bulacaks n z. ATTENTION Where is...? How long has... been here? AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Where are we headed (going)now? What time does... stay open until? What else is there to do here? Which... do you recommend? Are we allowed to take pictures? What s that over there? (tourist points) Where s the best place to buy...?

43 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 35 My son wants to know if...? (parent asking a question for shy child) Do you know where the nearest washroom is? Could you tell us where the nearest bank is? You don t happen to have a first-aid kit, do you? Tour guide, introducing himself/herself and the tour: Good morning (afternoon, evening) ladies and gentlemen. My name is... I will be your tour guide today. I would like to welcome you to... tours and... (name of the place) We will be visiting... Our tour will take about 30 minutes (length of the tour) Please do not hesitate to ask me any questions that come to your mind. Here are some of the possible statements by tour guides: Do you have a question, Sir? Yes? (if you see a hand raised) Is there something I can help you with? I ll try my best to answer your questions. I m afraid I don t have the answer to that. (Sorry I don t know.) That s an interesting question. I wish I knew the answer. (Sorry, I don t know.) Hmm. That s a tough (difficult) question. I ll have to look into that further. I ll have to ask someone about that. Hmm. I ve never been asked that before. Pardon my English; I don t quite understand your question. I m not sure, but I can find out for you. Explaining rules: You are strictly forbidden from taking photographs inside the museum. Please stay on the marked path. I m sure this goes unsaid, but remember to place all trash in the garbage bins. Please pay attention to the time. We don t want to keep the driver waiting. Classes are in session, so we need to keep our voices down. The bus will be leaving at 5:00 pm sharp. You ll have some free time to look around after lunch. Please meet back here in one hour. Explaining safety: Please keep your seatbelts fastened at all times. I ask that you keep your hands inside the train. As a safety precaution, please stand behind the yellow line. For your own safety, we ask that you refrain from putting your arms out the window. Please do not feed the animals. Please remain seated until we come to a full stop. Please stay with your group at all times. Please keep to the sidewalk. I do not recommend swimming here. The water is very rough. We suggest only carrying small amounts of cash. These rules are for your own comfort and safety.

44 36 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Explaining etiquette and customs: It is customary in our country to tip the friendly bus driver. In this region we bow rather than shake hands during a first meeting. Though the all-inclusive includes tips for the servers, it does not include tips for the bellboy. To indicate that you want to get on or off the bus simply wave your hand at the driver. Patterns used in showing places of interest: In front of you is... On your right/left you will see... Up ahead... On your left you will see... As we turn the corner here, you will see... In the distance... If you look up you will notice... Off to the north... Look to the east... To your west... In a few minutes we ll be passing... We are now coming up to... As you will see... You may have noticed... Take a good look at... I d like to point out... Keep your eyes open for... Visitors Questions about Places of Interest: Is that the...you were talking about? Are we going to pass the...? Are we going to see any...? Is it on the right or the left? I don t see it. Can you point it out again? Did I miss it? Will we see it on the way back? (Adapted from SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR Resim 2.9 EXERCISES A scene from UYGULAYIN Güzelsulu. LET S Courtesy TH NK of Ali Merç K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 10 Afla da bir rehberin SIRA S ZDE farkl aç lardan yapt aç klamalar okuyacaks n z. Bu parçalar size örnekler sunuyor. Dikkatli okuduktan sonra size sorulan sorular yan tlamaya çal fl n. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Welcoming tourists: Hello everyone. My name is smail Gezdirir. On behalf of Gez- Gör Tours I d like to welcome you all to Kabahisar. The bus ride to your hotel will take about forty minutes. Right now I d like to take a minute to introduce you to the area and discuss some brief safety precautions. Firstly, I ask that you remain seated until we reach our

45 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 37 destination and that you do not eat or drink while on the bus. Secondly, please realize that it is against the law to get drunk in public. Enjoy your vacation, but do drink responsibly and do not drink and drive. Describing the location: I promise you are going to enjoy your stay here in Kabahisar, Türkiye. This is a beautiful, quiet city where you can relax, sit by the beach, enjoy great meals and feel very safe. You can walk into town and enjoy the fountains or take a moonlit walk along the water. Please do not swim here. This is not a safe place to swim because there is a strong undertow. Güzelsulu is the place to go if you want to enjoy swimming in the blue sea. You can take a short bus ride from your hotel. There you will also enjoy entertainment and dancing. Introducing special events and offers: Suntan tours offers a variety of special discounts depending on your travel plans. We have golf packages, as well as guided camel-ride tours, and fishing boats. There will be a short information session at 2 p.m. in the lobby of the hotel tomorrow where you can learn all about these offers. We recommend that you do not purchase packages from street vendors as they are not always hundred percent reliable. They also may charge you more than what they say. Please take my advice and allow Gez-Gör tours to book all of your day trips and activities while you are here. Offering advice: If you need to exchange your dollars into Liras, please use a bank or exchange office. We don t recommend exchanging your money at the hotel because you won t get a fair rate. Some restaurants will accept US dollars or Euros, but you are advised to exchange your money and pay with Liras. Or, if you prefer, you can always use your credit cards. Also, if you want to get around the city, or travel to Güzelsulu, we recommend that you take the local bus rather than a taxi. The bus costs about one Euro and the driver can give you change if you don t have the exact amount. If you decide to take a taxi make sure that you ask for the price before you go. Closing remarks: We re going to be arriving at our hotel in just a few minutes. Please sit back and enjoy the view of the ocean on the left hand side of the bus as we enter the city. I ask that you remain in your seats until we have come to a complete stop. Javier will be meeting us at the bus to help you with your bags. Please double check to make sure your bag has been taken off the bus. On behalf of Gez-Gör Tours, have a wonderful vacation in Kabahisar and I hope to see you tomorrow at the information session. ( ) 1. Tourists are allowed to move around the bus. ( ) 2. It is forbidden to eat or drink on the bus. ( ) 3. It is legally forbidden to drink too much in Kabahisar. ( ) 4. Kabahisar is a very nice place to swim. ( ) 5. Güzelsulu has fun and music as well as an ocean beach. ( ) 6. Tourists can play golf during their vacation if they want. ( ) 7. Gez-Gör tours sometimes provide unreliable and expensive tour packages. ( ) 8. It is better for the tourists to pay cash rather than credit cards. ( ) 9. Taxis in Güzelsulu are very reliable. ( ) 10. smail Gezdirir is the manager of the hotel. (Adapted from

46 38 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN SIRA S ZDE YOUR K TAP TURN BOOK ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES NTERNET UYGULAYIN ATTENTION K TAP AMAÇLARIMIZ BOOK OBJECTIVES NTERNET Resim 2.10 Go to How SIRA Would S ZDE They Say It: Situation 2 again. Read the conversation between the tour guide and the visitors. Then, try to identify the questions and expressions used by the ALIfiTIRMALAR visitors to ask about the places of interest. How Would EXERCISES They Say It: Situation 2 bölümünü yeniden gözden geçirin. Sonra konuklar taraf ndan ziyaret edilen mekânlar hakk nda sorulan sorular bulmaya çal fl n. UYGULAYIN Go to How Would SIRA S ZDE They Say It: Situation 2 again. Read the conversation between YOUR K TAP TURN the tour guide BOOK and the visitors. This time, try to identify the expressions used to describe the ALIfiTIRMALAR places of interest by the tour guide. How Would EXERCISES NTERNET They Say It: Situation 2 bölümünü yeniden gözden geçirin. Bu kez rehber taraf ndan ziyaret edilen mekanlar hakk nda yap lan aç klamalarda kullan lan kal p UYGULAYIN yap lar bulmaya çal fl n. ATTENTION USUFUL INFORMATION - FAYDALI B LG LER K TAP Bu bölümde sizlere farkl turizm türleri hakk nda genel bilgi vermek istiyoruz. AMAÇLARIMIZ BOOK Afla daki OBJECTIVES tabloyu dikkatle inceledikten sonra k sa aç klamalar okuyun. NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Kaynak: Tourism is basically divided into two main categories: Mass tourism and Niche tourism. Mass tourism involves people traveling in large numbers in a short period of time. They usually travel for fun during their vacation time. Traveling has become faster and easier in recent years. Therefore, more people travel and try to go further away from their homes. Niche Tourism, on the other hand, is the type of tourism that answers the needs of special interest groups or individuals. Niche tourism can be called special interest tourism. These interests can be rural, environmental, urban or cultural. For example; niche tourism for people interested in physical activities or sports includes adventure tourism such as mountaineering and hiking, the sport travel for golf and scuba diving. There are many types of niche tourism. You will find the definitions and names of different types of tourism below.

47 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 39 In all these different types of tourism it is important that a region or a place is developed for tourism activities. However, these activities must not damage or finish resources of that region. The term sustainable tourism is used for the development of a region s tourism industry in such a way that such improvements do not damage or finish the resources and attractions that make that specific region attractive to tourists. Types of special and individual tourism accessible tourism tourism that serves the physically disabled also called inclusive tourism adventure tourism tourism that takes visitors to far away and exotic places for different types of activities agritourism tourism that takes visitors to agricultural areas for agricultural activities birth tourism traveling to another country specifically for child birth so that the child will be the citizen of that country bleisure travel this is a recent term created to mean the combination of business and fun (the word is formed from business and pleasure/leisure) cemetourism tourism that takes visitors to cemeteries clubbing tourism tourism that takes visitors to night clubs and entertainment venues cultural tourism traveling to experience the arts or history of a location dark tourism traveling to places associated with death or suffering disaster tourism traveling to visit scenes of disaster such as hurricane (natural disaster) or human disaster such as Ground Zero in NY ecotourism tourism that takes visitors to natural and unspoiled destinations without disturbing the environment edutourism traveling for the purpose of education, self improvement or intellectual satisfaction; also called intellectual tourism ethnotourism traveling to visit and study primitive or less known cultures extreme tourism type of adventure tourism where visitors try dangerous or physically risky sports and activities gastro-tourism traveling to enjoy and experience the food and drinks of a country or a region. There is a term associated with this type of visitor gastronaut which means a person who travels for the purpose of tasting food and drinks in a region. health tourism traveling to find alternative treatments or to visit a health spa or undergo medical treatment also called medical tourism hobby tourism traveling done by groups of people who share similar interests and hobbies. hunting tourism traveling for the purpose of hunting game animals usually in the wild or in places created specially for hunting

48 40 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii medical tourism traveling for the purpose of some medical treatmentalso called health tourism nature-based tourism traveling for the purpose of seeing natural sites and enjoying different outdoor activities such as bird watching, fishing space tourism a new and very expensive traveling style that involves going on to space sport tourism traveling to participate in a favorite sport such as golf, to watch a favorite team play or watch a well known sports attraction such as Formula 1 togethering a very special type of travel where the family members travel together or travel to be together in family reunions. vagabonding traveling independently for a long period of time on a very limited budget usually going from one country to another, from continent to another voluntourism traveling for humanitarian purposes or to volunteer for such activities. The person who does this is called a voluntourist. weather tourism traveling to view and experience extreme weather conditions such as tornados or hurricanes Adopted from There is no precise line between these types of niche tourism. Sometimes individual visitor may combine one or two different niche tourism types we have just explained. For example a visitor who is going to watch a hurricane will be combining weather tourism and adventure tourism. (Adapted from SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET 13 SIRA S ZDE 1. What is sustainable tourism? 2. Specialized traveling is called 3. Name the ALIfiTIRMALAR type of niche tourism for the following traveling activities. a. Traveling EXERCISES to watch the Olympics. b. Traveling to see the Northern Lights c. Traveling UYGULAYIN to attend an academic conference d. Traveling to taste the kebaps of Gaziantep e. Traveling K TAP to Lake Manyas to watch the birds BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

49 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 41 Vocabulary - Sözcükler activities: things to do ancient: very old architecture: design of a building arrive: reach a destination art gallery: place to look at professional paintings and drawings attractions: places for tourists to see beautiful/gorgeous: very nice looking breathtaking: when a view is very impressive castle: a building for royalty church: a place to worship God close: to finish conveniences: things that make life easier custom: something people of a region do often customary: traditional dangerous: not safe depart: leave devastating: very sad, unfortunate elegant: attractive, yet simple enjoy: have a good experience enormous: very large exception: something/someone that does not follow the usual rules or expectations exciting: makes one feel very happy/energetic expect: think that something will be/happen a certain way extensive: covers a lot fascinating: very interesting to learn about/see grocery store/supermarket: place to buy food to take home heritage: places or customs of historical importance highlight: the best part international: around the world legend: a person or story known for a long time lobby: front entrance locals: people who live in an area location: place where something can be found lovely: very nice (appearance or personality) magnificent: exceptionally beautiful, breathtaking map: shows roads and directions to places market: place to buy fresh food and homemade items monument: a statue/structure that honors an event or person museum: a place where historical items or works of art are displayed necessities: things that people need for everyday living permit: allow popular: liked by many postcard: a card with a picture on one side(usually an object or place that tourists see) that can be mailed without an envelope proceed: go forward questions or concerns: things that tourists may want to say or ask raise (a hand): lift recommend: suggest reconstructed: built again refer: suggest relax: sit back and enjoy time in peace request: something that has been asked for politely ritual: tradition, custom, action (religious or cultural) that people do often safe: not dangerous scenery: natural beauty to look at scenic: nice to look at (nature) settlers: people who first made a home in an area show someone around: take people to see an area sit back: relax in a seated position site: place, location speak up: talk louder stairway/stairwell: steps going up or down street people: people who live on the street, often begging for money superb: very good (i.e. service, food, entertainment) surroundings: things that you see around you thrilling exciting unbelievable: too amazing/strange to seem true visible: able to be seen voice: the sound you make when speaking voucher: a piece of paper that shows you have paid

50 42 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. There are many for kids including a zoo and a museum. a. attractions b. bearings c. conveniences d. surroundings e. settlers 2. It is difficult to get your in this city, so please carry a map at all times. a. attractions b. bearings c. conveniences d. surroundings e. settlers 3. The will try to sell you their homemade jewellery and housewares. a. monuments b. necessities c. customers d. locals e. settlers 4. You will find a free shuttle with your airline ticket. a. site b. window c. voucher d. monument e. stairwell 5. In order to appreciate the of the building, you really need to get off the bus and get closer to it. a. architecture b. site c. stairway d. market e. voice 6. As you can see, the damage caused by the recent hurricane is very. a. popular b. devastating c. elegant d. ancient e. thrilling 7. We are coming up to the waterfall I mentioned earlier, which in my opinion is the most part of this tour. a. safe b. enormous c. reconstructed d. customary e. scenic 8. I have to wake up tomorrow 6:00. a. at b. in c. on d. to e. for 9. This zebra lives a zoo. The zoo is located San Diego. a. at/in b. in/in c. in/on d. in/at e. at/at 10. He went for a walk the woods and did some bird watching the way. a. against/towards b. above/on c. for/over d. to/for e. in/along

51 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 43 Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer key to your turn 1 1. a. Transport to and from the destination b. Transfers between the airport/station/port and the hotel c. Food and accommodation at the destination d. Other services such as a guide or a holiday rep 2. b 3. It is cheaper. Answer key to your turn 2 1. a. meeting and greeting visitors b. answer visitor s questions in detail c. resolving visitor complaints and concerns 2. a. having outgoing personalities- patient, energetic b. having good interpersonal skills-courteous, patient, caring, diplomatic, c. having problem solving skills, d. being fluent in different languages, Answer key to your turn 3 1. His favorite breakfast saloon. 2. Seeing a bridge 3. Taking pictures of the art 4. Around 12:00 (noon) 5. Exactly Answer key to your turn 4 1. On the way up a mountain on a bus 2. Yes, deers, even bears 3. He provides a brief history of it. 4. Mount Efe 5. Horseback riding, snowmobile tours, and a petting zoo visit for children 6. A restaurant (b) Answer key to your turn 5 Travel agent: Good morning. How can I help you? Mr. Traver: I d like to go away for a holiday with my family - a sunny place. Travel agent: Do you have any particular destination in mind? Mr. Traver: Turkey, I think. Travel agent: South of Turkey, or the Western part? Mr. Traver: Alanya would be great. Travel agent: Would you like a hotel just by the sea? Mr. Traver: Yes, I d like a hotel beside a beach. Travel agent: OK. Here are a few brochures about Alanya, with information about hotel accommodation and self-catering apartments, too. When would you like to travel? Mr. Traver: We d like to go for a week in September. Is that high or low season? Travel agent: I m afraid it s the end of the high season. Mr. Traver: OK. Thanks very much. I ll have a look at the brochures and think about it. Answer key to your turn 6 1. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask 2. Sure, What is it 3. It means Old City 4. Any other questions 5. I m glad you asked 6. We will be in the city center 7. Well, that s a hard question 8. I ll point it out when we pass it 9. No problem. That s what I m here for 10. We ll give a lunch break around 12 and meet back at the bus at 12:30 p.m. sharp Answer key to your turn 7 1. at 2. at 3. to 4. in 5. at 6. On 7. in 8. in 9. in 10. at 11. on Answer key to your turn 8 1. at 2 a. around 2 b. on 3 a. on 3 b. in front of 4. over 5. between 6. towards/towards 7 a. on 7 b. behind 7 c. infront of 8 a. near/by/next to

52 44 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 8 b. under 9 a. out of 9 b. into Answer key to your turn 9 From Let us Read Package holidays include transport to and from the destination and transfers between the airport or the station or the port and the hotel. They also provide tourists food and accommodation at the destination. They buy in advance and in bulk from the principals such as airlines, shipping lines, and hoteliers. Incoming tour operators are specialists in providing holiday packages to visitors coming from abroad. How would they say? Situation 1 Where s the best place to have breakfast around here? It s going to come up on your left inhalf an hour. We re going to be staying near the coast today. Are we allowed to take pictures once we get inside the museum? I forgot to mention that taking photographs inside the art gallery and the museum is prohibited. We ll give a lunch break around noon and meet back at the bus at 12:45 sharp. How would they say? Situation 2 And to the right of that with the three small points is Mount Alaca. Now, if you look up straight ahead, you should be able to see a large eagle s nest. I haven t seen any yet, but we usually see them around this time of year. Is this the highest mountain in this region? No, actually, Mount Efe, which you we will be able to see in just a minute or so has the highest peak. No, it warms up enough to actually suntan up there in the summer. There are two deer feeding in the clearing right in front of us. So, what is there to do besides ski at the top of the hill at this time of year? Answer key to your turn F 6. T 2. T 7. F 3. T 8. F 4. F 9. F 5. T 10. F Answer key to your turn 11 Visitors Questions: I guess we are safe here, are we? What s that mountain to the right called? Are there any baby birds? What s that lake down there, to the right of the green meadow? Is this the highest mountain in this region? Can you ski throughout the year? So... what is there to do besides ski at the top of the hill at this time of year? Answer key to your turn 12 Tour Guide s Descriptions: It s about a fifteen minute bus ride up to the top of the mountain. And to the right of that with the three small points is Mount Alaca. If you look up straight ahead, you should be able to see a large eagle s nest. Does everyone see it there? That s Karagöl, The Black Lake. This is the highest mountain for recreational purposes like skiing and guided tours. Oh, look everyone. There are two deer feeding in the clearing right below us. Answer key to your turn Sustainable tourism means to develop a region for tourism without damaging the environment and finishing the resources. 2. Niche tourism 3. a. sports tourism b. weather and combined c. intellectual tourism or edutourism d. gastro-tourism e. nature based tourism ANSWER KEY TO LET US TEST OURSELVES 1. a 2. b 3. d 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. e 8. a 9. b 10. e

53 2. Ünite - Tours And Tour Guides 45 References - Kaynaklar Branislav, Rabotić Tourist Guides In Contemporary Tourism, International Conference on Tourism and Environment, Sarajevo. Novelli, Marina. (Ed) Niche tourism: Contemporary Issues, Trends and Cases. Burlington, Ma.: Elsevier Butterworh-Heinemann html english-fortourism-vocabulary.html e_files/guide.htm

54 3TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Kitle turizmi konusunu inceleyecek, Kitle turizminin olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerini tart flacak, Turlar konusunda bilgi edinmeyi ö renecek ve ngilizcede tan mlar yaparken kullan lan s fatlar hangi s rada s ralayabilece- iniz hakk nda bilgi edineceksiniz. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Terms Mass Tourism Effects of Mass Tourism Use of Adjectives in Tourism Documents çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Mass Tourism LET US READ HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING IN TOURISM INDUSTRY CALL OUR AGENCY TODAY AND MAKE YOUR RESERVATION A LOOK AT LANGUAGE USEFUL INFORMATION

55 Mass Tourism LET US READ Bir önceki ünitemizde Faydal Bilgiler bölümünde size farkl turizm türleri konusunda bilgi vermifltik. Bu ünitemizi Kitle Turizmi ile ilgili bilgi vermeye ve kitle turizmi kapsam nda yer alan etkinliklerde geçebilecek olas ngilizce yap lar n sizlere tan tmak amac ile düzenledik. ki okuma parças ndan birisi Kitle Turizmini tan t yor, di eri ise olumsuz yönlerini anlat yor. Resim 3.1 Mass tourism fills out the beaches co.uk/news/article /UK- weather-forecast- Hottest-day-year- today-temperatures- 30-5C.html Mass Tourism and Its Effects Part 1 - What is Mass Tourism? The words tourist and tourism are quite modern, but tourism is much older. People have always traveled to distant parts of the world in order to see great buildings or works of art, to learn new languages, or simply for pleasure. Nowadays, however, organized tourism is an enormous industry all over the world, and many national economies depend on it. In the past tourism meant traveling to foreign countries, but now it also includes traveling within your own country. The last century saw the growth of mass tourism, with package tours to holiday resorts in the sun. Mass tourism means large numbers of people visiting a specific location because of its attractiveness. The form of attractiveness may change: it may be warm weather and beautiful beaches, such as Turkey s Mediterranean coast; or it may be a very large, historical city, such as Rome. No matter what the attraction is, mass tourism means that a lot of visitors arrive for vacation and they spend money on hotels, restaurants, entertainment, tours, etc.

56 48 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE 1 Decide whether SIRA S ZDE the following sentences are True or False according to the passage Mass Tourism and Its Effects: Part 1 - What is mass tourism?. ALIfiTIRMALAR ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES EXERCISES Sentence True False 1. Tourism, meaning traveling to distant places to explore, is not a new concept. UYGULAYIN UYGULAYIN 2. Although organized tourism is a big industry, it does not have a significant effect on the economy of countries. K TAP 3. In the past K TAP the word tourism meant traveling within one s own country, BOOK BOOK today it also means traveling to foreign countries. NTERNET 4. The term NTERNET mass tourism is limited with people visiting resort hotels at coastal areas. 5. People arriving at touristy places for mass tourism are ready to spend a lot of money. ATTENTION ATTENTION Resim 3.2 Resim 3.3 AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Tropical island untouched AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Tropical Island: A little crowded? Retrieved from Retrieved from hl=nl&prmd=imvnsl&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=uni &bih=683&tbm=isch&prmd=imvnsl&tbnid=bzl0bpxd v&sa=x&ei=tt2wuitsca6p4gt9lycodw&ved=0ce8 ybmvzm:&imgrefurl QsAQ&biw=1280&bih=683 Mass Tourism and Its Effects Part 2 - Negative Effects of Mass Tourism Coconut Island is a beautiful, tropical island with, of course, coconut palms, golden beaches and clear blue sea. I m sorry, I made a mistake there. Coconut Island was a beautiful island. There are still coconut palms, golden beaches and clear blue sea but not like before. So, what happened? Well, the beach is full of people, sun beds and umbrellas. The sea is full of speedboats, noisy jetskis and surfers. There are fewer palm trees because there are more and more buildings. Hotels, holiday resorts, guest houses, restaurants, swimming pools... you name it, Coconut Island has it. Paradise is no longer here, but the Paradise Hotel is. Perhaps I m the only one who has a problem with this? The tourists seem happy: the weather is wonderful, the food is tasty and cheap, and the sea is warm. The local people seem happy: there are many people selling things on the beach,

57 3. Ünite - Mass Tourism 49 there are lots more jobs and better roads. The developers are certainly happy, there is building work everywhere. So, why am I unhappy? Well, I have a friend who was here five years ago. Her photo album is full of wonderful pictures of empty beaches. Also she has pictures of small, wooden bungalows on the beach. No need to book, she said, just turn up and you have the place to yourself - very basic, very cheap, very quiet and very peaceful. Not anymore! The beach is never empty - it s packed all day! There is music blaring from the cafés, children are shouting and screaming, and the hotels are very expensive. Most of the hotels are full of holidaymakers who booked their trip months ago. I m lucky to have a small room at the back of one hotel, and it s still expensive. But perhaps this is progress? Not only are the roads better but there is also a new medical clinic. The local kids now speak English Mister, mister, you want t- shirt? and there are many new businesses opening all the time. Then I see an old woman trying to cross the road from her house to the shops. It s no longer a small, quiet road but a large and very busy one. She looks nervous and waits for someone to walk with her. The children no longer ride bicycles but race around the island on motorbikes. It s not so safe either - my friend stayed in a bungalow on the beach that had no lock. Now the hotel room says it s a good idea to put things in the safe box. Is this progress? (Retrieved from: reading-lessons-tourism-elementary-reading-text/ article) Compare Coconut Island now with the Coconut Island five SIRA years S ZDE ago. Complete the following table; just make notes, not full sentences. HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? Thomas needs to go away for a nice holiday. He goes to the travel agency. The following is the conversation between Thomas and the Travel Agent. Travel Agent: Good morning. How can I help you? Thomas: I d like to go away for a holiday - somewhere I can taste the wildlife. Travel Agent: Do you have any particular Thomas: changes Coconut Island 5 years ago Coconut ALIfiTIRMALAR Island now EXERCISES accommodation Cheap bungalows Expensive hotels and resorts scenery UYGULAYIN employment transport K TAP noise BOOK security NTERNET destination in mind? Australia would be nice, I think. ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 2 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET Resim 3.4 Going somewhere? Courtesy of ATTENTION sdmania talphotos.net AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

58 50 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Travel Agent: We have very nice Australian Outback tours. As a matter of fact, right now there is an early-bird special offer. Would you be interested in an Australian Outback tour? Thomas: Sure, why not! Travel Agent: Wonderful. Here is a brochure about the tour. Take a look at the brochure, and just give us a call when you decide. Thomas: OK. Thanks very much. I ll have a look at the brochure and think about it. HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? The following is the brochure about the Australian Outback Tour. Australian Outback Tours Early Bird Offers SAVE up to $500 per person Australian Outback Australian Outback Tours & Journeys 2013 Outback Australia safari tours. Small group luxury 4WD camping or accommodated tours or private charter tour to remote nature. Wandjina and Gion Gion ( Bradshaw ) rock art sites with Aboriginal teachers. Meet Aboriginal artists and buy Aboriginal art from source. Kimberley, Kakadu, Uluru Sydney Blue Mountains, Hunter Valley, Kangaroo Coast, South Coast. Multi day tours depart Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Alice Springs, Uluru (Ayers Rock), Broome, Darwin Imagine...the Adventure of Your Life... Call us for extra information!!!. Retrieved from Thomas reads the brochure and then calls the travel agent for extra information. Suppose that you are the Travel Agent and answer his questions by using the information provided about the tour in the table below. Do not forget that the table provides the basic information; it is your duty, as a travel agent, to give the information in an attractive and persuading manner. After completing this exercise, do not forget to see the sample answers given at the end of this unit.

59 3. Ünite - Mass Tourism 51 Small group luxury 4WD travels (usually 4-6, maximum 8 people). Professional and experienced driver / guides. Long established relationships with local Aboriginal people enriches experiences. Access to remote areas and rock art sites unreachable by most tour vehicles. Delicious meals, including vegetarian. Local and international tastes. Accommodated or camping options - gear which is modern and easy to use. All World Heritage and National Park entry and accommodation fees. Aboriginal Art community visits for "direct from artist" purchases. 1. A: What is the maximum number of people in the tour vehicles? SIRA S ZDE B: A: Are the drivers experienced? B: A: Will I get in touch with local people? B: A: What makes you different from other tour operators? B: A: What about the food? B: A: Do we stay at hotels or do we camp? B: A: Do I need to pay any extra fees? B:... ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 8. A: Will I have the opportunity to purchase some local art products? B:... A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING IN TOURISM INDUSTRY Turizmde en önemli etmenlerden birisi tan t md r. Bu bölümde size bu tan t m broflürlerinde kullan labilecek yap lar ve sözcük seçimleri konusunda bilgi aktarmaya çal fl yoruz. Advertisements in tourism industry, or language of travel agents, include factual information presented in a creative and interesting manner. Travel agents are required to inform customers correctly about holiday destinations while presenting those destinations as attractive holiday spots. The following expressions are commonly used in tourism industry while advertising a holiday spot: blue skies, golden sands, and azure seas picturesque views sample some of the local delicacies enjoy a warm, tropical climate verdant, rolling hills 3 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Resim 3.5 Advertising Tours 1 k.com/pages/easter n-cape-parks-and- Tourism- Agency/ ?sk=photos_ stream#!/photo.php? fbid= &set=pb &type=3&the ater

60 52 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 3.6 Advertising Tours 2 pr.com/onlinefacebookmarketingcampaign-byjapan-tourismagency-powderdash/ located in a lively area off the beaten track friendly locals in the beating heart of the city beach nearby constant breeze cozy elegant decor free breakfast buffet friendly innkeepers gourmet dining garden view get to meet the locals guaranteed upgrade kids eat free no-tipping policy old-world atmosphere romantic dining sophisticated ambiance unspoiled tranquility best kept secret sun-dappled sun-speckled sun-splashed exotic gem jewel oasis paradise treasure trove breathtaking The following are the important features of an attractive travel brochure: good, attractive layout with well-organized content and attractive pictures attractive introduction to the destination at the center of the brochure clear paragraphs to divide the information using pictures to support paragraphs use of simple and easy-to-understand words short and concise sentences descriptive language to help the reader understand and imagine the destination use of simple grammar use of a person-to-person manner of speaking

61 3. Ünite - Mass Tourism Here is an example for you. Try to use the language the way we suggested. Use attractive photographs to support your words. Resim Courtesy of Hall Brindley talphotos.net Discover the Wonders of Africa Enjoy This Unique Safari Nature lovers and adventurers dream Soak in the sun; Enjoy the colors and scenery; Travel the vast open plains; Camp under the big African sky; Get off the beaten track; Our safe open safari trucks will get you around safely; Take that one perfect picture of the wild life you always wanted to see; Camp sites that will make you fall asleep to the sounds of Africa; Prepare yourself for a unique once-ina-lifetime African experience. Resim 3.8 Courtesy of Worradmu talphotos.net Resim 3.9 Courtesy of Rob Bonneywell talphotos.net CALL OUR AGENCY TODAY AND MAKE YOUR RESERVATION Prepare the simple content of a brochure describing a popular SIRA S ZDE holiday spot in Turkey. Follow the suggestions and use some of the expressions mentioned above. A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Order of Adjectives ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN ngilizcede Türkçede de oldu u gibi tan mlar yaparken tan mlad klar m z daha iyi anlatabilmek için s fatlar kullan r z. S fatlara somut veya soyut nesne, kifli veya mekan tan mlar yaparken s k s k baflvururuz. Ancak, tan mlamaya BOOK çal flt m z K TAP ismin NTERNET ATTENTION 4 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION

62 54 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii önüne birden fazla s fat getirmek istersek bu s fatlar nas l s ralayabiliriz? Bu bölümde size bu konuda ipuçlar vermeye çal fl yoruz. Sometimes we use two or more adjectives while describing things or places: - We rented a nice, old house for our vacation in the mountains - In front of the house there is a beautiful, large, round, wooden table. Adjectives like large/round/wooden are fact adjectives. They give factual information about age, size, color, shape etc. Adjectives like nice/beautiful are opinion adjectives. They describe what somebody thinks of something or somebody. Opinion adjectives are usually used before fact adjectives. - A nice, long summer holiday - delicious, hot vegetable soup - wonderful, sandy beaches Sometimes two or more fact adjectives are used together. Very often (but not always) fact adjectives are used in the following order: 1. how big? 2. how old? 3. what color? 4. where from? 5. what is it made of? - big brown eyes (1-3) - a small black plastic ball (1-3-5-) - an old Turkish song (2-4) - a large wooden box (1-5) Adjectives of size and length (tall/short/long /big/small) are usually used before adjectives of shape and width (round/thin/wide /narrow). - a tall, thin boy - a short, narrow street SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET 5 SIRA S ZDE Put the adjectives in brackets in the correct position. 1. an unusual ring (gold) an unusual gold ring 2. a new ALIfiTIRMALAR sweater (nice) an old EXERCISES house (beautiful) an American film (old) a long UYGULAYIN face (thin) a sunny day (lovely) a wide K TAP road (long) a little BOOK village (old/lovely) an old painting (interesting/french) a metal NTERNET box (black/small)... ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

63 3. Ünite - Mass Tourism 55 USEFUL INFORMATION Top 10 Things Every Travel Agent Should Do Right Now The ideas in this list are things that every travel agent can do in order to adapt to today s environment, in which travelers want personalized attention, good value, and the convenience of the Internet. 1. Specialize: Pick a few destinations or activities and resolve to be a better expert at them than anyone else. Consumers now have access to so much travel information, particularly at their fingertips via the Internet that they have themselves become generalist travel agents. When they seek help, they re seeking a true specialist. 2. Personalize: Differentiate yourself from self-service online solutions, instead give consumers highly personalized service, recommendations, etc. 3. Develop a repertoire of unique experiences: It s all about selling experiences. The more unique, the more value you re adding. The more you can get clients access to special events or people, the more differentiated you are. 4. Be complex: Consumers can book the simple trips themselves. Travelers really need agents for complex trips such as longer international trips or cruises. Your energy and specialization should be on these complex trips. 5. Work with net rates rather than take commission: Especially for custom tours, agents should consider getting net rates from suppliers and rather than taking commission. This gives pricing flexibility and better cash flow. 6. Constantly do a self-check: Am I delivering the best value? The market is continuously changing. For all the products and services that you offer, check if you are getting competitive rates? 7. Be prepared to answer questions about yourself: Be prepared for the following suggestions: Tell me about yourself and your agency, or What makes you different from other agents? 8. Be a trusted advisor : Most agents can sell a lot more if they can be perceived as a trusted advisor. This means good relationship-building and trust-building skills. 9. Have a good website: Agent websites need three key things: good design + interesting content + easy to maintain/update. 10. Engage with social media: Have a Facebook Page for your travel business. Get your clients to be fans and to post reviews of your services. Resim 3.10 Helping people with their travels Courtesy of nirods talphotos.net (Adapted from

64 56 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Vocabulary - Sözcükler Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m The following sentences are used frequently by travel agents. For each sentence, choose one of the two word options that best completes the sentence. Use your dictionary when needed. 1. There are no seats available for the date that you (requested/recalled). 2. How (flexible/changeable) are you? (= How much are you willing/able to change your schedule?) 3. Would you be (interesting/interested) in renting a car while you re there? 4. We ve got some great (deals/dealings) on airplane tickets to Dubai right now. 5. That flight is (full/complete). Let s try to find you a seat on another flight. 6. The (layover/takeover) (= time you have to wait for your connecting flight) in Paris is two hours. 7. We can (arrange/make) (= organize) your entire trip. 8. Will you be traveling (alone/lonely)? 9. I booked you a flight on October 1st, (returning/coming) on October 15th. 10. You also qualify for a 10% senior (discount/deal). (= 10% reduction in price for older people) 11. Will this be a one-way ticket, or a (roundtrip/return) ticket? 12. I ve heard nothing but (positive/benefits) things about this resort. 13. Are you interested in buying travel (insurance/assurance)? 14. This is probably your best (option/optional). 15. We have a lot of (package/box) deals (= deals which include air, hotel, and sometimes food/drinks) to Cuba and the Dominican Republic right now. 16. You can (upgrade/increase) to a four-star hotel for $200 more. 17. You ll have to (confirm/conform) your reservation by the end of tomorrow. 18. The ticket has to be (purchased/presented) (= bought) by Thursday. 19. To pay in (full/complete) = To pay the entire/whole price 20. A passenger s (itinerary/journey) is their proposed route of travel (travel plan). Answer questions 1-3 according to the reading passages in the Let Us Read section of this unit means large numbers of people visiting a specific location because of its attractiveness. a. Itinerary b. Discount c. Mass tourism d. Tourist e. Tourism 2. In mass tourism, the form of attractiveness... a. depends on the local people b. depends on the travel agency c. may change d. is always a warm weather and beautiful beaches e. is always an old historic city 3. The effects of mass tourism... a. are not always positive b. are always negative c. are always positive d. depend on the travel agencies e. depend on the governments 4. Which of the following is NOT among the expressions travel agents may use while describing a place? a. blue skies b. azure seas c. off the beaten track d. friendly locals e. high crime rates 5. Which of the following is NOT among the expressions travel agents may use while describing a place? a. in the beating heart of the city b. located in a lively area c. far from attractions d. verdant, rolling hills e. golden sands

65 3. Ünite - Mass Tourism 57 Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar 6. Which of the following is NOT among the expressions travel agents may use while describing a place? a. breathtaking b. gem c. exotic d. sun-speckled e. sun-dried 7. Which of the following is NOT among the expressions travel agents may use while describing a place? a. exotic b. treasure trove c. paradise d. compelling e. sun-dappled 8. In which of the expressions the adjectives are NOT in the correct order? a. a boring long winter b. delicious hot chicken soup c. exotic sandy beaches d. long breathtaking beaches e. an enjoyable long summer vacation 9. You need to call the hotel and... your reservation at least one week before your check-in date. a. confirm b. purchase c. request d. return e. clean Answer key for Let Us Test Ourselves 1. c 2. c 3. a 4. e 5. c 6. e 7. d 8. d 9. a 10. c Answer Key for It s Your Turn 1 Sentence True False 1. * 2. * 3. * 4. * 5. * Answer Key for It s Your Turn 2 Changes accommodation scenery employment transport noise security Coconut Island 5 years ago cheap bungalows empty beaches, lotsof palmtrees fewer jobs small roads,bicycles quiet and peaceful safe, no need for lock Coconut Island now expensive hotels and resorts beaches full,many buildings people sell things on thebeach, new businesses inc. hotels and restaurants big roads,motorbikes v. noisy music, jet skis need to use safe box 10. It is possible to... to a full-size rental car from a mid-size only by paying 10 Dollars a day. a. discount b. arrange c. upgrade d. purchase e. itinerary

66 58 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Answer Key for It s Your Turn 3 1. B: We provide small group luxury travel. There are usually 4 to 6 people, it is never more than B: Of course! We always work with professional and experienced drivers and guides. 3. B: Absolutely! Out tour guides have long established relationships with local Aboriginal people. The result of this is an enriched experience for you! 4. B: We guarantee access to remote areas and unique rock art sites. Those sites are unreachable by most other tour vehicles. 5. B: We guarantee delicious meal throughout the whole tour. You will have a chance to taste a variety of local and international food and beverages. 6. B: It s up to you! You can stay at a comfortable hotel or we can add you to one of our camping groups. By the way, just for your information, you don t have to worry about the camping conditions, our camping gear is quite modern and easy to use. 7. B: Absolutely no! Everything is included in the price you pay to us, including all World Heritage and National Park entry and accommodation fees. 8. B: Definetely! You will make special visits to Aboriginal art community, which will give you the opportunity to make direct from artist purchase for reasonable prices. Answer Key for Vocabulary - Sözcükler 1. requested 2. flexible 3. interested 4. deals 5. full 6. layover 7. arrange 8. alone 9. returning 10. discount 11. round-trip 12. positive 13. insurance 14. option 15. package 16. upgrade 17. confirm 18. purchased 19. full 20. itinerary Answer Key for It s Your Turn 4 Answers will vary. Answer Key for It s Your Turn 5 1. an unusual gold ring 2. a nice new sweater 3. a beautiful old house 4. an old American film 5. a long thin face 6. a lovely sunny day 7. a long wide road 8. a lovely little old village 9. an interesting old French painting 10. a small black metal box

67 3. Ünite - Mass Tourism 59 References - Kaynaklar Murphy, R. (1994). English Grammar in Use. Cambridge: CUP things-every-travel-agent-should-do-right-nowonline-and-offline/

68 4TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Nifl (alternatif) Turizm türlerinden say lan Ekoturizm ve Sa l k Turizmi hakk nda bilgi edinirken, Bu konular n anlat m nda ngilizcede ne tür yap lar ve sözcük da arc na baflvuruldu u konusunda fikir edineceksiniz. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Terms Eco Tourism Health Tourism Health Tourism in the World and Turkey çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism LET US READ HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? A LOOK AT LANGUAGE USEFUL INFORMATION

69 NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism LET US READ kinci ünitemizin Faydal Bilgiler bölümünde ça dafl turizm sektöründe art k tek çeflit turizm olmad n ve turizm dendi inde seyahat edenlerin farkl ilgi alanlar oldu unu anlatm flt k. Hat rlayacak olursan z sizleri mass tourism (kitle turizmi) ve niche tourism (alternatif turizm) kavramlar ile tan flt rm flt k. Dahas ngilizcede Niche turizm olarak s n fland r lan alternatif turizm türlerinin neler olabilece ini tan mlar ile belirtmifltik. Bu ünitemizde alternatif turizm türlerinin en popüler olanlar ndan Ekoturizm ve Sa l k Turizmi konular n sizlere tan tmaya çal flarak ngilizce sözcük da arc - n z ve yap bilginizi artt rmaya çal fl yoruz. Reading 1 Ecotourism What is Ecotourism? Ecotourism, ecotravel, ecolodges and just generally being eco have become popular recently. What is true ecotourism? There are many terms used to describe types of ecotourism. Some words that you often hear these days are Eco-Tourism, Adventure Travel, Sustainable Tourism, Responsible Tourism, Nature Based Travel, and Green Tourism. Eco-tourism: The Ecotourism Society defines it as responsible travel to natural areas which conserves the environment and improves the welfare of the local people. A walk through the rainforest is not eco-tourism unless that particular walk somehow benefits that environment and the people who live there. A rafting trip is only eco-tourism if it raises awareness and funds to help protect the watershed. Resim 4.1 What is ecotourism? Retrieved from com/2012/08/unders tanding-eco-tourism/

70 62 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Adventure Travel: While travel to another country is often adventurous, it is not necessarily Adventure Travel. Most dictionaries define adventure similarly: an unusual experience including some level of risk and uncertainty. Adventure Travel includes this idea of risk and some unconventional means of transport. A canoe journey deep into the Amazon basin meets this definition. While a city tour of Paris might have some level of uncertainty, it is not by definition Adventure Travel. Sustainable Tourism: Any form of tourism that does not reduce the availability of resources and does not inhibit future travelers from enjoying the same experience. If the presence of large numbers of tourists disturbs an animal s mating patterns then that visit is not sustainable. Responsible Tourism: Tourism which operates in such a way as to minimize negative impacts on the environment. A wilderness camping trip using Leave No Trace ethics would be considered responsible tourism. Nature-Based Travel: A more generic term for any activity or travel experience with a focus on nature. Large jungle lodges fall into this category as do cruise ships to view penguins in Antarctica. These types of trips may or may not be environmentally sustainable or responsible. Green Tourism: Often used inter-changeably with eco-tourism and sustainable tourism but more accurately described as any activity or facility operating in an environmentally friendly fashion. A lodge with composting toilets, gray water system, and solar powered lighting is probably green. (Adapted from SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 1 SIRA S ZDE Answer the YOUR following TURN questions according to the passage What is Ecotourism?. 1. Which of the following is NOT among the terms used to describe types of ecotourism? ALIfiTIRMALAR a. Responsible EXERCISES tourism b. Sustainable tourism c. Adventure UYGULAYIN Travel d. Nature-based Travel e. Environmental K TAP Travel BOOK 2. A walk through a forest can only be considered ecotourism if it... a. includes NTERNET unconventional means of transportation. b. benefits the people who live in or near that village. c. involves other green tourists. d. is ATTENTION related to adventure travel. e. is organized by the green tourism travel agencies AMAÇLARIMIZ means OBJECTIVES leaving resources for the future travelers to help them enjoy a similar journey. a. Sustainable tourism b. Adventure travel c. Green travel d. Nature-based travel e. Responsible tourism

71 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism is a general term used for all types of nature-related activity or travel. a. Ecotravel b. Responsible tourism c. Nature-based travel d. Adventure travel e. Sustainable travel means minimizing the negative effects of a type of travel on the nature. a. Responsible tourism b. Adventure travel c. Nature-based travel d. Sustainable tourism e. Green tourism Reading 2 Health Tourism Turkey Aims To Be Health Tourism Hub Turkey aims to become a second Dubai in terms of special health services designed to target health tourism, including hospitals, rehabilitation centers, thermal spa facilities, care facilities for the elderly and holiday villages. The creation of special health zones and healing centers in Turkey is underway and drawing the attention of foreign investors, Dursun Ayd n, head of the Health Tourism Department of the Turkish Ministry of Health, told Anatolia News Agency. With the new legal code, the ministry plans to develop health tourism and create a model concept for the rest of the health sector in the region, Ayd n said. In achieving this goal, the ministry also plans to improve the inflow of foreign investment, increase employment, bring in skilled foreign healthcare workers, speed up the use of medical technology and encourage the production of services and investments, he added. Dubai and Iran have special health zones and healing centers, but the Iranian health zone is currently still in the project phase, Ayd n said. Oman, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Panama, Costa Rica and Mexico are also planning to set up special health zones. The announcement of management firms for Turkey s health zones will be made in December, and investment, building and zoning operations will begin next year, Ayd n said. July/17/2012 (Retrieved from Resim 4.2 What is Health Tourism? Retrieved from mamerica.com/2010 /07/reduce-healthcare-costs-withmedical-tourism/

72 64 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION 2 AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Resim 4.3 Going to a Spa? Retrieved from ak.com/kayseri/tari hiyerler/tarihiyerle r5.html SIRA S ZDE Decide whether YOUR the TURNfollowing sentences are true or false according to the passage Turkey Aims To Be Health Tourism Hub. 1. Hospitals, ALIfiTIRMALAR rehabilitation centers, and thermal spa facilities are among the forms of health EXERCISES tourism. (TRUE / FALSE) 2. Foreign investors are considering investing on health tourism in Turkey. (TRUE / FALSE) UYGULAYIN 3. Turkey wants to be a health tourism hub in the region by following many other models in K TAP the region. (TRUE / FALSE) 4. Being a hub BOOK of health tourism will help Turkey become an effective military power in the region. (TRUE / FALSE) 5. Oman, Saudi NTERNET Arabia, Brazil, Panama, Costa Rica and Mexico are the only countries which have already set up special health zones. (TRUE / FALSE) HOW WOULD ATTENTION THEY SAY IT? Bu bölümde kapl calar hakk nda konuflan bir turizmci ile müflterisinin konuflmalar na konuk oluyoruz. AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Resim 4.4 Resim 4.5 There is healing in water. Retrieved from termal-suyun-faydalari-ve-zararlari/ Enjoying the healing waters. Retrieved from

73 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism 65 Jason is planning to visit Turkey. He heard a lot about Turkey s famous spas and he is particularly interested in locations where he can find the best spas in Turkey. He calls his travel agent for information. The following is the conversation between him and the travel agent. Travel Agent : Good afternoon. Thank you for calling Happy Travels Travel Agency. How can I help you? Jason : Hi, I am planning a trip to Turkey for my vacation and I need some suggestions. Travel Agent : Absolutely! Actually you are very lucky because we have wonderful deals for some top resort hotels in Antalya and Bodrum. Jason : Thank you but I have been to those wonderful resort hotels of Turkey many times before. This time I am more interested in locations where I can find spas. Travel Agent : I see. Just a second please, I ll pull up the spa file here.... OK. For spas, we have many wonderful options. Let s start with the spas of ancient cities: there is a wonderful spa near Pamukkale, in the ancient city of Hieropolis; another one is nearby Koyce iz Lake, in the ancient Lycian city of Caunos. Jason : Ancient cities? Interesting! So these spas must be in use for many hundred years. Travel Agent : Of course. For example, there is one in Balcova, zmir, located on the site of the Baths of Agamemnon and used for the therapeutic qualities of the waters since the Roman times. Jason : Wow! Travel Agent : Another wonderful location for spas is Bursa, the first capital of the Ottoman Empire. We actually have many other options. Why don t you give me your address? I ll send you a brochure, you can read it and call us back for extra information and reservation. Jason : Oh, that s a great idea. My address is... HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? Bir önceki bölümde kapl calar hakk nda nas l sorular sorulabilece i ve ne tür yan tlar verilebilece i hakk nda örnek görmüfltük. fiimdi benzer konuflmalar siz oluflturmaya çal fl n. Size Kangal Bal kl Kapl calar hakk nda bilgiyi biz veriyoruz, ancak, bir turizmci olarak bu bilgiyi müflterinize aktarmak size kal yor.

74 66 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 4.6 Resim 4.7 Spa with fish? Retrieved from sayfa=12 Kangal Bal kl Kapl calar nerede? Retrieved from SIRA S ZDE Jason reads SIRA the S ZDE brochure the Travel Agent sent him and he is particularly interested 3 in Kangal Hot Spring with Fish so he calls the travel agent and asks some questions about the spa. Suppose that you are the Travel Agent and answer Jason s questions DÜfiÜNEL M by using the DÜfiÜNEL M information provided about the spa in the table below. Do not forget that the table provides the basic information, it is your duty, as a travel agent, to give SORU the information in an attractive and persuading manner. After completing this exercise, SORU do not forget to see the sample answers given at the end of this unit. Kangal Hot Spring with Fish Spa Central Anatolian Region (Central Turkey) 13 km from Kangal town in the province of Sivas SIRA S ZDE many small fish (2-10 cm long); cure skin diseases SIRA S ZDE no spa like this in the world water temperature: 36 C bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium AMAÇLARIMIZ AMAÇLARIMIZ K T A P TELEV ZYON 1. A: Where is Kangal Hot Spring with Fish Spa? B:... K T A P 2. A: Is it in the city centre? B:... TELEV ZYON 3. A: What makes this spa so special? B:... NTERNET 4. A: How NTERNET about the water quality? B:... A LOOK AT LANGUAGE ngilizcede de Türkçede de s kl kla kullan lan bir yap dan söz ediyoruz. Hepinizin daha önce de ö rendi i, duydu u Passive Voice yani Edilgen Çat. Böyle bir yap - y neden kullan r z? Normal bir tümce ile karfl laflt m zda o tümce bize özne ile ilgili direkt bilgi verir. Bir baflka de iflle aktif cümle olarak tan mlanan bu tümcelerde öznenin ne yapt veya nas l bir eylem içerisinde oldu u anlat l r. Di er taraf-

75 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism 67 tan, edilgen bir tümcede konu öznenin ne yapt de ildir. Tümcenin odak noktas kimin, ne sebeple etkilendi idir. Özneye ne yap ld anlat l r. Edilgen cümlelerde genellikle eylemi gerçeklefltiren özne önemini kaybeder, eylemden etkilenenler daha öne ç kar. Özne ço u kez edilgen tümcelerde kullan lmaz bile. Afla daki aç klamalar dikkatle okuyun ve ngilizcede edilgen yap lar n nas l yap laca konusundaki pratik tabloyu çal fl n. Passive Voice We use an active verb to say what the subject does: Aktif fiili özenin ne yapt n anlatmak için kullan r z. My cousin owns a travel company. He employs fifty people. Air traffic authorities canceled all the flights because of bad weather conditions. We use a passive verb to say what happens to the subject: Edilgen fiili ise özneye olan anlatmak için kullan r z. Fifty people are employed by my cousin s travel company. All the flights were canceled by air traffic authorities because of bad weather conditions. When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant: Edilgen çat kullan ld nda kimin veya neyin eyleme neden oldu u önemli de ildir. My bag was stolen during my trip to Europe. (somebody stole it but we don t know who) In decent hotels, the rooms are cleaned every day. (It is not important who cleans the room) We use by if we want to say who does or what causes the action. Edilgen cümlelerde by edat n kullanarak özneyi tümcenin sonuna aktar r z ve bu flekilde kimin veya neyin eylemi gerçeklefltirdi ini dolayl olarak anlat r z. Our entire trip was organized by our travel agent. We were informed about the monument by the tour guide. The passive is: ngilizcede edilgen tümcelerin yap förmülü: be (is/was/has been etc.) + the past participle (done/cleaned/ employed etc.) In the following table, study the passive verb formation of the sentence The trip is organized by the travel agent in different tenses: Resim 4.8 Who ate who??? Retrieved from henry.fr/passif.htm

76 68 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 4.9 Using the Passive Voice, Courtesy of AKARAKINGDOMS alphotos.net/images Tense Subject be Singular Plural Past participle Present The trip/trips is are organized Present Perfect The trip/trips has been have been organized Past The trip/trips was were organized Past Perfect The trip/trips had been had been organized Future The trip/trips will be will be organized Future Perfect The trip/trips will have been will have been organized Present progressive The trip/trips is being are being organized Past progressive The trip/trips was being were being organized SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN 4 SIRA S ZDE Choose the YOUR best option TURN for the following sentences. (Adapted from Tuzer, F. (2004). Proficiency File. Ankara: Pelikan.) 1. A lot of people ALIfiTIRMALAR gathered in front of the building to listen to the speech which EXERCISES... by the president. a. is made UYGULAYIN b. was made K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 2. By 5 p.m. K TAP tomorrow all the reports... to the manager. a. will have BOOK been given b. are given NTERNET 3. Nowadays it is more convenient to use the subway to go to work because the roads... a. were ATTENTION repaired b. are being repaired 4. AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES A chestnut tree... in our garden 40 years ago. Today it blocks the sun get into the house but we don t want to cut it. a. was planted b. had been planted

77 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism This house... for many years when we bought it. Therefore, we had to do a lot of work to renew it. a. has been abandoned b. had been abandoned 6. A new school... in our neighborhood so my son will go to that school next year. a. will be built b. had been built 7. They say a big mall... in our neighborhood. I won t have to go to the downtown for shopping any more. a. will be built b. was built 8. Last week I saw a beautiful ring in the store. First I couldn t decide to buy it, but later when I got to the store it... a. had been sold b. has been sold 9. Their new house... yet so they have to stay where they are at the moment. a. hasn t been finished b. hadn t been finished 10. Most of the food... by the guests at the party last night so we need to go shopping today. a. will be eaten b. was eaten 11. After the ship accident the passengers... by the rescuers. a. were rescued b. will have been rescued 12. The man who... by the police broke into a bank last year. a. has been caught b. is being caught 13. The thieves stole one of Picasso s paintings from the museum. It... to the museum in a. has been given b. had been given 14. Scientists have found a cure for SARS but in China 250 people died before the cure... a. had been found b. was found

78 70 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 15. I want to see the traffic accident reports of last month. I am sure the reports... by the police. a. are being recorded b. will be recorded USEFUL INFORMATION Bu bölümde size en ünlü ve popüler 10 ekoturizm ile 10 sa l k turizm bölgesi hakk nda bilgi aktarmaya çal fl yoruz. Resim 4.10 Kayaking in Alaska, Courtey of Liz Noffsinger alphotos.net/images Resim 4.11 Tree sisters, Blue Mountains Courtesy of Australian Tourism Authority anddestinations.co m/destinations/tour ism-australiaoffers-specials-onone-weekwalkaboutpackages/ Top 10 Ecotourism Destinations in the World Alaska: Alaska, known as The Great Land, is reputed for its snow-capped mountains, the tundra region, and the Arctic zone in the north. Alaska is home to a fascinating wildlife population such as humpback whales, brown bears, sea lions, and eagles. Amazon: The Amazon, the lungs of earth, produces 20 % of the world s oxygen. The Amazon rainforest is home to hordes of floral and faunal wealth. The densest part of the Amazon belt can be found in Brazil. The most attractive travel can be in the Bahia s Atlantic forest, where you can feel the essence of rainforest and be fascinated with the sight of scores of wildlife. South Pole: The only time where you can head towards the White Continent is during summer when the ice melts to make way for eco-tourists. Can you imagine that about 20,000 tourists head towards Antarctica every year to witness gigantic glaciers, icebergs, whales and of course penguins. Blue Mountains, Australia: The Blue Mountains area has roughly 550 square miles of valleys, and rocky terrains. The region has ample floral wealth, and the faunal wealth comprises of some 400 species. Rock climbing, canoeing, and bushwalking are some of the interesting activities Blue Mountains offer. Malaysian island of Borneo: The slopes of Mount Kinabalu and the dense forest trails of the Bario Loop are great hiking terrains. The Sepilok Orang Utan Rehabilitation Centre is excellent to spot the primates. For tourists who prefer staying in eco-friendly places, the Sukau Rainforest Lodge will be a great place to live in.

79 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism Botswana: Known as the jewel of Africa, Botswana is rich in natural wealth. The Savannah plains, the extensive desert regions, the riverside forest and captivating wildlife are real beauties. You can stay in several eco-friendly resorts in the Savannah region and watch wildlife comprising of leopards, lions, zebras and rhinos. Costa Rica: This country is symbolic to ecotourism. The name Costa Rica was given by Christopher Columbus, meaning Rich Coast. The country has four active (but not harmful) volcanoes, lush rainforests and hot springs. Costa Rica has jungle lodges where you can stay. Wildlife here includes many animals ranging from monkeys to tortoises, and tourists can take active part in rafting, hiking, and scuba diving. Dominica: Dominica is the Ecotourism Island of the Caribbean islands, and it is considered to be the whale-watching island. The tourists can watch 40-ton whales swimming freely on the shores. Dominica also has waterfalls, rainforests, and hot springs. Visitors can stay at rainforest lodges, listening to the natural music from the jungles. Resim 4.12 Waiting for visitors? Retrieved from ogspot.com/2012/0 4/botswana.html 71 Resim 4.13 Resim Galapagos Islands Retrieved from Resting on the Island Retrieved from Galapagos Islands: The Galapagos Island and its diverse biological wealth stimulated Darwin s thoughts to come out with his famed theory on evolution. These islands still remain home to world s most unique creatures and was declared the first World Heritage site in Himalayas: The Himalayas are the world s largest mountainous range. Nepal and Northern India provide access routes to the Himalayas. Hikers can stay in the rustic Himalayan lodges. Mountain camps, comprising of guides, cooks, and porters are highly popular. (Adapted from

80 72 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Some examples of ecotourism activities: Basket Weaving Bird Watching Boat Trips Bush Medicine Walk Canoeing Kayaking Night Forest Walk Picnics Rainforest Walks Snorkeling Swimming Turtle Monitoring Village Visits Wildlife Watching Resim 4.15 Top 10 Health Tourism Destinations in the World Some of the destinations for medical tourism Retrieved from spitaldirectory.com/ Brazil: Home to the highest per capita number of practicing cosmetic doctors in the world. Brazil attracts tourists not only to Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, but also to smaller cities. Common procedures, such as breast augmentations and facelifts cost from $3,000 to $6,500. Costa Rica: Many tourists take advantage of Costa Rica s medical services, mainly cosmetic surgery and dental care. San Jose area is home to hundreds of board-certified doctors, surgeons and dentists. Hungary: Hungary has more dentists per capita than any other country. They are found not only in Budapest, but also in some small towns. Many European Union visitors come here for major dental care, including cosmetic oral surgeries, full-mouth restorations and implants. India: More Americans travel here for cardiac and orthopedic procedures than for all other treatments combined. India offers top private hospitals, especially in the larger cities of Bangalore, Delhi, Chennai and Mumbai. Medical travel to India is growing by 30% a year, thanks to increasing numbers of Americans, Canadians and Europeans.

81 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism 73 Resim 4.16 People look healthcare in different place in different manners Retrieved from ome.com/medicaltourism-india/ Malaysia: With more than a quarter of a million medical travelers each year, Malaysia compares favorably to India, Thailand, and neighboring Singapore in terms of its medical facilities, skill and costs. As well as having special burn treatment centers, Malaysian hospitals have created well-man and well-woman packages for preventive care. Mexico: More than 70% of Mexico s U.S. patients reside in California, Texas or Arizona. Patients from San Diego, Los Angeles, Phoenix, Tucson and Brownsville make the two- to six-hour drive across the border to a clinic and stay a couple of nights in a hotel. Many come each year for checkups, dental cleanings, physicals and other treatments that cost much less than in the U.S. Singapore: Singapore has a health care system that the World Health Organization ranks as the best in Asia and sixth best in the world. It s no wonder that Singapore attracts many international patients. Singapore s specialties cover a broad range, including cardiology and cardiac surgery, gastroenterology, general surgery, hepatology, neurology, oncology, ophthalmology, orthopedics and stem cell therapy. South Korea: South Korea has earned a reputation for spinal surgeries, cancer screenings and treatments and cosmetic surgeries. Many South Korean hospitals are fully digitized, with electronic health records as the standard. Thailand: An established leader in cosmetic surgery, Thailand attracts patients from nearby Japan, Vietnam, China and South Korea. Eventually, Westerners joined the flow to Bangkok and Phuket, primarily for elective surgeries whose low cost makes up for the long flight and other travel expenses. Turkey: Medical tourists may be surprised to know that this Eurasian country is home to more JCI-accredited health care facilities than any nation outside the U.S. Health care costs compare extremely well even to those in Asia, and the medical system has plenty of doctors who are Western-trained and fluent in English. The Turkish government enforces strict quality standards in every area of medical technology, facilities and personnel. (Adapted from

82 74 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 4.17 Spa Map of Turkey Spas of Turkey Retrieved from kaplica_haritasi.ht ml

83 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism 75 Vocabulary - Sözcükler Key Ecotourism Terms Canopy walkway: A constructed bridge walkway through the tree tops of a forest. Conservation enterprises: Income generating activities that focus on conserving natural resources and ecosystems. Ecolabeling: Ecolabeling describes a scheme in which a product, company, service, or destination may be awarded an ecological label on the basis of its acceptable level of environmental impact. Ecosystem: A dynamic complex of plant, animal, fungal and microorganism communities and their associated non-living environment interacting as an ecological unit. Ecotourism activities: Activities included in a tour that are designed to entertain clients and are coordinated by a professional guide or interpreter. Over 80 activities have been listed for ecotourism, such as birdwatching, hiking, diving, kayaking, participating in cultural events, photography, and mountaineering. Ecotourism product: A combination of resources, activities, and services, which are sold and managed through professional tour operators. Ecotourism resources: Natural and cultural features that attract visitors, such as landscapes, endemic or rare flora and fauna, cultural festivals, and historical monuments. Ecotourism services: Tourism services such as transportation, food, lodging, guiding and interpretation services which cause minimal damage to the biological and cultural environments and promote a better understanding of the natural and cultural history of an area. Endemism: The level of species that occur naturally only in a specific region or site. Geotourism: Tourism that sustains or enhances the geographical character of a place its environment, culture, aesthetics, heritage, and the well-being of its residents. Sustainable Development: Development that meets the needs and aspirations of the current generation without compromising the ability to meet those of future generations.

84 76 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. Which of the following CANNOT be one of the activities related to ecotourism? a. Bird watching b. Night forest walk c. Turtle monitoring d. City bus tours e. Village visits 2. Which of the following is NOT one of the activities related to ecotourism? a. Canoeing b. Boat trips c. Bush medicine walk d. Wildlife watching e. Theme park visits 3. The official definition of... is responsible travel to natural areas which conserves the environment and improves the welfare of the local people. a. ecotourism b. responsible tourism c. green tourism d. adventure travel e. nature-based travel 4. Which of the following is not among the terms related to ecotourism? a. Ecosystem b. Ecolabeling c. Canopy walkway d. Econometrics e. Endemism means meeting the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability to meet those of future generations. a. Green tourism b. Niche tourism c. Sustainable Development d. Ecosystem e. Canopy walkway 6. With today s busy traffic and fast cars, many accidents... by dangerous driving. a. will have been b. are caused c. were caused d. have been caused e. will be caused 7. Happy Travels is a big travel agency. More than fifty employers... there. a. are employed b. was employed c. has been employed d. were employed e. employed 8. Have you heard the news? The president... shot. a. has been b. is being c. will be d. was e. will have been 9. There is somebody walking behind us. I think we... followed. a. were b. have been c. will be d. are being e. will have been 10. When I bought this car it was three years old but... used very much. a. won t be b. hadn t been c. wasn t d. hasn t been e. isn t

85 4. Ünite - NICHE TOURISM I: Ecotourism and Health Tourism 77 Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer Key for Let Us Test Ourselves 1. d 2. e 3. a 4. d 5. c 6. b 7. a 8. a 9. d 10. b Answer Key for It s Your Turn 1 1. e 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. a Answer Key for It s Your Turn 2 1. True 2. True 3. False 4. False 5. False Answer Key for It s Your Turn 3 1. B: It is conveniently located in Central Anatolia, which means the center of Turkey. It is very easy to reach Sivas by taking a bus or a plane. 2. B: No, the spa is 13 km from Kangal, a nice town of the Sivas province. But don t worry, public transportation to the spa is very convenient as it is a quite popular tourist attraction in the region. 3. B: This spa has an extraordinary character. Apart from its wonderful hot spring water quality, there are many small fish in the water, 2 to 10 cm long, these fish play a vital part in curing skin diseases. It s one of its kind in the world! Second to none! 4. B: You relax in beneficial waters of 36 C. The water is particularly rich in bicarbonate, calcium, and magnesium. References - Kaynaklar Tuzer, F. (2004). Proficiency File. Ankara: Pelikan. otourism.html &NewsCatID= medical-travel-destinations/ yerler5.html fa= haritasi.html Answer Key for It s Your Turn 4 1. a 2. a 3. b 4. a 5. b 6. a 7. a 8. a 9. a 10. b 11. a 12. a 13. b 14. b 15. a

86 5TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Nifl (alternatif) Turizm türlerinden say lan Kentsel Turizm ve nanç Turizminin ne oldu u ve bu turizm türü anlat l rken ne tür yap lar ve sözcük da- arc na baflvuruldu u konusunda fikir edineceksiniz. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Term Urban Tourism Faith/Religrous Tourism Faith Tourism Destinations in Turkey çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism LET US READ LET US READ 2 SITUATION 1 SITUATION 2 HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? TOKYO (JAPAN) OSAKA (JAPAN) SHANGHAI (CHINA) SINGAPORE HATAY MAN SA KIRfiEH R MARD N A LOOK AT LANGUAGE USEFUL INFORMATION- FAYDALI B LG LER ELEMENTS OF URBAN TOURISM SOME FACTS ABOUT TURKEY AS A DESTINATION FOR FAITH TOURISM

87 Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism Bir önceki ünitemizde alternatif turizm veya nifl turizm türlerinden olan Eko Turizm ve Sa l k Turizminden söz etmifltik. Bu ünitemizde Kentsel Turizm ve nanç Turizm kavramlar n aç klamaya çal fl yoruz. Ayr ca bu konularda konuflmak istedi imizde kullanabilece iniz ngilizce yap sal örnekler sunmaya çal - fl yoruz. Resim 5.1 Going somewhere? Courtesy of Idea Go alphotos.net/images LET US READ Reading 1 Urban Tourism People are attracted to big cities just to experience a variety of things to do and see. Cities, since the ancient times, have been the melting pots of national culture, art, music, history and architectute. Some cities also have natural beauties to attract visitors. The type of toursim where the visitors prefer to take their vacations to enjoy different aspects of cities is called urban tourism. Urban tourism is also called city tourism. Here are some factors that make a city preferred tourist destinations and make them visitor friendly: Here are some components that can make a city visitor-friendly and attractive: Historical quarters-cities with historical backgrounds: Historic districts are generally very pedestrian-friendly. They give the visitors a nice experience when they walk around the city itself. Rome (Italy) and stanbul are good examples to this type of cities. Resim 5.2 Blue Mosque, stanbul Courtesy of Suat Eman alphotos.net/images

88 80 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 5.3 Venice Courtesy of cescassawin alphotos.net/images Resim 5.4 Olympic torch Courtesy of nitros alphotos.net/images Resim 5.5 A warm welcome Courtesy of Stuart Miles alphotos.net/images Waterfront-cities that have the sea or river: Cities with the waterfront have always caught the attention of tourists. For example, Venice is very popular because of the canals it has running throughout the city. Conference centers and exhibitions-cities that provide opportunities for businessmen and researchers: Cities need to offer facilities that allow large organizations like Trade Shows, Conventions, Conferences, Meetings, Events, or Exhibitions. A city which is well known in the convention and business tourism attracts many visitors. The visitors attend conferences or exhibitions, and at the same time, they enjoy other attractions in the city. Fairs, carnivals and events - cities that offer fun or attract special interest groups: Organizations such as Olympic Games, International fairs, Sports organizations, Cultural and traditional festivals attract many visitors to the cities. For example, Cannes Film Festival, Rio s traditional carnival, Oktoberfest in Munich, Shopping Fest in stanbul attract a great number of visitors to these cities. Cities try to host upcoming sports events or to organize business or educational meetings. The ongoing efforts made by National Olympic Committee of Turkey to host the Summer Olympics in stanbul reflect the importance of the issue. Eating facilities - cities with special cuisines: Many visitors of a town or city prefer spending serious amount of their money on food. Some tourists prefer a destination just to experience the famous delicious tastes by the local cuisines. Gaziantep and Hatay of Turkey can be very important destinations for urban tourism with their traditional cuisines. Tourism workers and inhabitants of a city - cities with native people who like to support tourists: Friendliness is very important in tourism business. Most visitors would like to hear or see a warm welcome by the service providers in the cities or towns they stay. The locals in a city must not consider the visitors as dollar-bills. The visitors take the goods and bads with them when they go back home. Turkey, with its history and traditional hospitality welcome its visitors and help them leave the country with good memories.

89 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism Name three components that make a city visitor friendly. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR 2. What does padestrian friendly mean? EXERCISES UYGULAYIN 3. Why is it important to have good convention centers in a city? K TAP BOOK 4. Name some of the famous festivals or carnivals around the world. NTERNET 5. Why is it wrong to see tourist as dollar bills? ATTENTION LET US READ 2 AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Faith/Religious Tourism Visitors from specific faiths like to visit locations that they consider holy sites. The form of tourism where people travel to such holy places is called Faith tourism or Religious tourism. People may travel individually or in groups for different reasons. One of the main reasons for religious tourism is pilgrimage. This is when people visit holy places at a certain time according to their beliefs. However, religious tourism does not only cover pilgrims. Non-religious people also like to visit holy locations because many of these places are interesting not only in terms of religions but also culture and history of the civilizations. Travel agencies organize tours to temples, churches, places where there are religious records, and a variety of other spots that have some kind of historical or mythical importance. There are many sites throughout Europe, Africa, Central and South America that are regarded as holy by Christians and sites throughout Middle Asia and Anatolia by Muslims, Christians and Jewish People. Religious (Faith) tourism is a growing market in the tourism industry. In other words, faith tourism is a big business which is also considered as one of the fastest growing segments in travel today. 1 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Faith Tourism in Turkey Turkey plays an important role in the three largest religions in the world: Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. For more than a thousand years, Turkish land has been at the intersection of civilizations; it has been a melting pot of eastern and western traditions and a place where diverse beliefs meet. Anatolia has been home to diverse civilizations. This crossroad for civilizations has also been a crossroad for religious beliefs. There are historical and holy sites from the early days of Christianity. However, when Jewish people had to leave their homes during the Mediaeval Ages, they came to Anatolia and built their own temples. Turkey is home to holy sites and religious architecture for Muslims, Christians and Jews.

90 82 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 5.6 Floor mozaiks of the Sardis Synagogue Retrieved from sacreddestination.com Resim 5.7 St. Nicholas Church in Demre, Turkey; Retrieved from es.nl/panoramas_ Turkey_2010/ Resim 5.8 Süleymaniye Mosque, stanbul Retrieved from rumu.com/images/r es/suley/suleygun. Well known locations for faith tourism for the followers of Judaism, stanbul s synagogues are open to visitors for worship and sightseeing purposes. Archaeological excavations of early Jewish settlements in Sardis near Salihli have revealed one of the world s oldest synagogues from 220 B.C. For visitors from the Christian faith, a trip to Mount Ararat will show them what is believed to be the landing place of Noah s Ark. Many religious and holy fathers of Christianity lived in Anatolia and built the early churches. The Christian sites in Turkish land are visited by many tourists, either independently or with organized tours. The Islamic sites in Turkey are numerous. Only stanbul, the former capital of the huge Ottoman Empire, is home to various sites that are sacred and blessed for Muslims. All in all, any visitor to Turkey will be impressed with the greatness and diversity of religious constructions and sacred places of worship. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET 2 1. What does SIRA faith S ZDE tourism mean? 2. Which religions ALIfiTIRMALAR are mentioned in the text as having sites in Anatolia? EXERCISES 3. What did the archeological sites reveal in Sardis? UYGULAYIN 4. What is believed to be on Mount Ararat? K TAP 5. Are Turkish BOOK religious sites fully open to visitors? NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

91 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 83 HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? Seyahat planlar yapan müflterilerin bilgi almak için gittikleri seyahat acentas görevlisi ile yapt klar konuflmalar dikkatle okuyun. Size bu tür konuflmalarda kullan lan ngilizce kal plar hakk nda bilgi verecektir. Resim 5.9 Resim 5.10 Stockholm Courtesy of Stockholm Visitors Board Retrieved from A Canal Street in Amsterdam Retrieved from SITUATION 1 An Urban Visit: Destination Europe Mr. Eurier is talking to a travel agent about possible European destinations for his short vacation with his wife. Travel Agent : Good morning. Welcome to Eurotours. I will be your assistant today. Mr. Eurier : Good morning. I am Rich Eurier. My wife and I are planning to have a one-week trip to a European city next month. Travel Agent : Nice time for a Europe visit! What are the exact dates, sir? Mr. Eurier : The exact dates are from 11th to 18th of March. I d like to have some information about popular destinations. Travel Agent : Alright, Mr. Eurier. A popular tourist destination is Stockholm. The city, the beaches and the sea are unpolluted if you re concerned about it. Mr. Eurier : Good. What are the main attractions there? Travel Agent : Hmm. The Vasa Ship Museum, the Old Town, Birka Island, the Tivoli leisure park, the archipelago with its islands, and the eight royal palaces in the surrounding area. Mr. Eurier : What are the other options? Travel Agent : Ok, let s see. What about Amsterdam? It has over five million visitors every year. Mr. Eurier : It looks crowded, but, what are the facilities? Travel Agent : It has the old town with canals from the 17th century, historical monuments and museums. I personally recommend Van Gough museum. There is also Rijkmuseum with some beautiful paintings.

92 84 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Mr. Eurier : What about the locals there? Are they friendly enough? Travel Agent : The friendliness and tolerance of its residents is legendary. There are many festivals and events. And it s one of the top 10 tourist destinations in the world. Mr. Eurier : Festivals? Are there any festivals or special events on the dates of our vacation? Travel Agent : Unfortunately, there aren t any. Mr. Eurier : OK. What about British cities? Travel Agent : Hmm, let me see. St. Andrews? Mr. Eurier : What? Where is it? Travel Agent : It s 80 km from Edinburgh on the east coast of Scotland. Mr. Eurier : What makes St Andrews special? Travel Agent : It s a small town with residents. And only 20% of its visitors are foreigners, most are English or Scottish. Excellent for a peaceful holiday! And the locals are so kind. Mr. Eurier : It can be too peaceful for us. We re looking for a livelier place. Resim 5.11 Resim 5.12 St. Andrews, Scotland Retrieved from contact.asp River Liffey in Dublin Retrieved from Travel Agent : You wouldn t say no to Dublin. Mr. Eurier : Dublin? Is it really fascinating? Travel Agent : It s a 1000-year-old Viking city. Green valleys, fishing villages, beaches, parks are all around Dublin. Mr. Eurier : Are there any historical sites there? Travel Agent : Sure, there are. You can visit castles from the Middle Age, museums such as the Dublin Writers Museum, the National Museum of Ireland, and James Joyce Museum. Mr. Eurier : Any festivals? Travel Agent : St. Patrick s festival and Dublin theatre Festival. Mr. Eurier : Can we go there by ship as well? Travel Agent : Yes, of course. There is a tourist port in Dublin. Just about a hundred cruise ships visit Dublin every year. Mr. Eurier : Any other destination that we could reach on cruise? Travel Agent : Let me check, Mr. Eurier... I can recommend you Rhodes, Greece without any reservation. Mr. Eurier : Oh, a friend of mine was there for a conference last year. Travel Agent : Yes, it is a popular conference town with more than a hundred conferences each year.

93 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 85 Mr. Eurier : What can we do there for one week? It s an island. Travel Agent : The port, the bay, and the beaches are the main attractions. Also, you can see the four kilometers of ramparts dating from the 14th century surrounding the whole upper and lower town. Mr. Eurier : March may not be a good time to visit Rhodes, I think. I would like to ask for more options if you don t mind. Travel Agent : No problem, sir. What criteria apply for your choice? Mr. Eurier : We would like to eat delicious food. Travel Agent : OK. I would recommend you Volterra, Italy. The town holds a real gastronomic tradition. Also, the region has an exciting historical, cultural, artistic and archaeological legacy as well as beautiful countryside. Mr. Eurier : Does the town offer a waterfront? Travel Agent : I m sorry but no, sir. Mr. Eurier : I m very sorry to take your time that much but I m looking for a destination full of history, with waterfront, offering tasty food, providing easy transportation, organizing festivals and events, which is also inhabited by friendly and hospitable residents. Travel Agent : Then I can recommend stanbul, Turkey. Mr. Eurier : Can I find all of these there? Travel Agent : Sure. It is the capital city of both Byzantium and Ottomans. You can visit many mosques, churches, palaces, and so on. Also, you can enjoy the Bosporus with its great view. The food is definitely delicious. There is a blues festival on your dates next month, too. And the hospitality of Turkish people, it s priceless. All these things will make stanbul the capital of conferences and events in ten years, experts say. Mr. Eurier : Thank you very much. Then, we re going to stanbul... SIRA S ZDE Based on the conversation above, tick the information mentioned by the travel agent about the urban tourism destinations in Europe. Destinations? Stockholm Amsterdam St Dublin ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES Rhodes Volterra stanbul Criteria? Andrews Historical Places Waterfronts Conference centers and exhibitions Fairs, carnivals and events Unique visitor areas Friendliness of locals Eating facilities UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 3 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR Tablo 5.1 EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

94 86 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 5.13 Beyaz t Mosque Retrieved from com/etiket/beyazitcamii/ SITUATION 2 Bu radyo sohbetinde üç farkl din insan stanbul hakk ndaki görüfllerini belirtiyorlar. A radio show hosts three religious men from three major religions. They talk about stanbul from a spiritual point of view. The Host : Welcome to our weekly show, The Merge of Religions. Today, we re going to talk about Turkey s religious sites. Our guests are Mr. Christiansen, a Christian priest, Mr. Jewel, Jewish rabbi, and Mr. Güzel, an Imam for Turkish Muslims.They all live in stanbul. Guests : Thank you. The Host : I d like to start with Mr. Güzel. What are the major points in Turkey for Muslim visitors? Mr. Güzel : There are quite a lot of historical and spiritual sites in Turkey for Muslims. As you know, Anatolia has been the home to Muslims for a very long time. The Host : Then, let s talk about stanbul. What are the major Islamic figures in stanbul? Mr. Güzel : First, we should mention about the mosques. The Blue Mosque, The Süleymaniye Mosque and Külliye, The Fatih Mosque, The Eyüp Sultan Mosque, and The Beyaz t Mosque are the major ones among hundreds of mosques in stanbul. The Host : Oh, Beyaz t Mosque? Can you give more information about it for our audience? Mr. Güzel : Sure. It is at the square of Beyaz t, which is mentioned with its name. This great mosque and its külliye were constructed by the son of Fatih, Bayezit II in The Külliye consists of a theology school, a school, an imaret(soup kitchen in a historical sense), a caravansary and a Turkish bath. It has two minarets which are 87 meters away from each other. Plan of the Beyaz t Mosque is similar to Hagia Sofia. But it is separated from it with especially a perfect architectural application which includes a different characteristic having worship order of a culture. The Host : Thank you very much. Let s talk to Mr. Christiansen. I think there are fewer churches in stanbul than mosques. Am I right? Mr. Christiansen : You re right. But some of the mosques are former churches or monasteries. You can understand them from their architectural design. The Host : For example? Mr. Christiansen : The Hagia Sophia is the most famous example. The Host : Any others?

95 Mr. Christiansen : mrahor lyas Bey Mosque, for instance. It was known as a part of the Studis Monastery. It is located in Yedikule and was built in the 5th century. Also, Eski maret Mosque, which belonged to Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes, was converted to a mosque by Ottomans. Zeyrek Mosque is one of the examples of Byzantium religious architecture. We can add Aya rini and Chora Church to these historical churches. However, there are also churches that are active such as Saint Antoine, Virgin Mary Suryani Church, Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, Bulgarian Church and Anglican Church. The Host : Thank you very much. And Mr. Jewel, are there any religious spots significant for Judaism? Mr. Jewel : Sure, there are. Some of them are still in operation. Neve fialom Synagogue, Italian Synagogue, and Aflkenazi Synagogue are in Galata. There s another one located at a close distance to famous Haydarpafla Train Station, Haydarpafla Hemdat Israel Synagogue. The Host : Can you give more detail about the Neve fialom Synagogue, please? Mr. Jewel : Of course. As I said, it s located at Galata, on Büyük Hendek Street. It means Oasais of Peace in English. It was opened on March 25, 1951 and is still the most modern and outstanding synagogue of stanbul. It has witnessed a lot of religious ceremonies such as weddings, bar mitzva (maturity ceremony) and funerals, and Head Rabbinate Appointment ceremonies. The Host : Thank you very much for your information. So, as your last words, what would you like to say to our audience? Do you have any messages? Mr. Christiansen : Yes. I can say that stanbul is a junction of cultures and religions. Come and visit. Mr. Jewel : Religious places are not only to worship but to feel Mr. Güzel 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism culture and tradition of a city. Experience it in stanbul! : I completely agree with my friends. stanbul is the place of tolerance and respect. It s impossible to collapse this synergy created by the humanity in stanbul. Come and be a piece of this harmony. Resim 5.14 Zeyrek Mosque - Former Greek Orthodox Church Retrieved form avelresource.com/p ub/article_images/z eyrekcamii _02.jpg Resim 5.15 Neve Shalom Sinagogue Retrieved from com/neve_salom_si nagogu_gorulecek_ yer/

96 88 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES Tablo 5.2 UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 4 SIRA S ZDE Match the sites YOUR described TURN in the conversation with the speakers mentioning about that site and put a tick ( ) in the correct box. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES Mr. Güzel Mr. Christiansen Mr. Jewel Aflkenazi Synagogue Beyaz t Mosque UYGULAYIN Blue Mosque Eski maret Mosque K TAP Eyüp Sultan Mosque BOOK Fatih Mosque Hagia Sofia NTERNET Haydarpafla Hemdat Israel Synagogue mrahor lyas ATTENTION Bey Mosque Italian Synagogue Monastery of AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Christ Pantepoptes Neve fialom Synagogue Studis Monastery Süleymaniye Mosque and Külliye HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? Bu bölümde öncelikle sizden bir seyehat acentas çal flan rolüne girip verilen bilgiler fl nda müflterinizi yönlendirmenizi istiyoruz. Daha sonra ise ülkemizin önemli inanç turizm merkezi hakk nda küçük sunumlar haz rlay p o merkezleri muhtemel ziyaretçilele tan tacaks n z. Dr. Fares would like to visit a far-eastern city for his one-week vacation with his family on February 6 to 13. They want many activities at the same time: historical attractions, delicious food, good weather conditions, shopping facilities, friendly locals and venders, waterfront, and joining a special event like a festival or carnival. You are working for a travel agency and giving information about major far eastern urban tourism destinations. Use the information below and write out a dialogue. Resim 5.16 A view from Tokyo Courtesy of Ali Merç TOKYO (JAPAN) Population: 13,185,502 Climate in February: Average high: 10 Celsius; Average low: 3 Celsius Major Attractions: Ginza: An exclusive, upscale shopping area, where many top brand stores are located. Akihabara: a the biggest collection of electronic shops in the world Asakusa: long the road that heads towards the Sensoji Temple from Kaminarimon gate, are many shops selling traditional Japanese gifts and sweets.

97 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 89 Odaiba: A newly developed waterfront and island area in Tokyo bay. Higashi Gyoen Garden in Imperial Palace: A beautiful garden with plants and flowers Tokyo Tower: A symbol of the Tokyo skyline (height is 333m) From the observatory deck a great panoramic view of Tokyo and surroundings is available. Ryogoku Kokugikan Sumo Arena: This is the main arena where Sumo tournaments are held. Tokyo International Forum (Convention Halls): A large convention complex which includes various types of halls used for exhibitions, trade shows, and for concerts of International musical acts and musicians. Tsukiji Fish Market: Sushi breakfast and an interesting walking tour possible Festivals and Events: Annual Autumn Festival of Meiji Jingu Shrine, Shibuyaku is held on November 1 to 3. Food: Mostly Japanese and some fast-food restaurants Friendliness: 8 out of 10 OSAKA (JAPAN) Population: 2,871,680 Climate in February: Average high: 9 Celsius ; Average low: 2 Celsius Major Attractions: Osaka Aquarium: One of the biggest complexes in the world. There are more than 30,000 different specimens of various marine creatures. Ame-mura (American Village): great for shopping and peoplewatching Festivalgate: There is a comprehensive selection of activities and attractions for the whole family. Universal Studios Japan: A massive theme park The Shitennoji Temple: A Buddhist temple was built more than 1,000 years ago Dotonbori: Bars, restaurants, theatres, bars, nightclubs and arcades Osaka Castle Park: A park for jogging and a museum are inside Tempozan Ferris Wheel: a great way to see Osaka from high up Festivals and Events: the Tenjin-matsuri is held on July 24 and 25 Food: Mostly Japanese and some fast-food restaurants Friendliness: 9 out of 10 SHANGHAI (CHINA) Population: 23,019,148 Climate in February: Average high: 9 Celsius; Average low: 2 Celsius Major Attractions: The Bund - This famous waterfront has been Shanghai s center since the mid-1800 s. It offers a taste of the past with the colonial structures along the promenade and a view of the future across the river in Pudong. Resim 5.17 A view from Osaka Courtesy of Ali Merç Resim 5.18 A view from Shanghai Courtesy of Ali Merç

98 90 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Shanghai Museum: A huge museum with 11 galleries and over 120,000 historic artifacts Huangpu River Cruise: You can view the main attractions along the coast with an elegant dinner on boat Jade Buddha Temple: The most famous temple in Shanghai with ancient carvings, paintings and precious Buddhist cultural relics Nanjing Lu: A crowded road for shopping, people-watching, and sightseeing Yu Yuan Garden: It s a garden of peace and comfort offers an escape from the fast pace of the surrounding city. Shanghai World Financial Center: Provides a good view of the whole city at a height of 492 meters Oriental Pearl TV Tower: The tower is 468 meters high, the highest in Asia and the third highest in the world People s Square: A beautiful park with some unique architectures themed with culture, tourism and business Festivals and Events: Shanghai International Flower Festival is held on April 6 to 13. Food: Chinese traditional food and some fast-food restaurants Friendliness: 7 out of 10 Resim 5.19 A view from Singapore Courtesy of Ali Merç SINGAPORE Population: 5,312,400 Climate in February: Average high: 31 Celsius ; Average low: 23 Celsius Major Attractions: Night Safari: A unique experience for seeing wild animals without borders under lights at night National Orchid Garden: The largest display of orchids in the world to enjoy and appreciate the beauty and diversity of orchids National Museum of Singapore: The oldest museum in Singapore with a chain of dynamic festivals, events and exhibitions right through the year Arab Street: shopping on both sides of a street for all kind of fabrics, oriental carpets, perfume, rattan products and Muslim stuff. Chinatown Street Market at Pagoda Street: Shopping, temples, and traditional Chinese food are at this magnificent area Sentosa Island: The top Singapore attraction lined with the finest sandy beaches at the southernmost part of continental Asia including a water park, entrainment facilities, and cable car experience for transportation to the island Orchard Road: Malls and malls along the long road, best for shopping Singapore River Cruise: Best Night Scenery of Singapore from a Bumboat Raffles Hotel: One of the world s greatest Victorian grand hotels. Festivals and Events: Singapore Street Festival is held on February 15 to 22. Food: Fast-food restaurants and traditional Chinese, Indian, Indonesian, Malaysian, Italian, Korean, Thai, and Japanese food Friendliness: 9 out of 10

99 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 91 You : Good afternoon, sir. How can I help you? SIRA S ZDE Dr. Fares : Good afternoon. I and my family would like to visit a far-eastern city for his one-week vacation. ALIfiTIRMALAR You : Sure, sir. What are the exact days? EXERCISES Dr. Fares : You : Ok, let me get the Far East file. UYGULAYIN Dr. Fares : No problem. Now complete dialogue yourselves. K TAP You : BOOK Dr. Fares : NTERNET You : ATTENTION Dr. Fares : AMAÇLARIMIZ You : OBJECTIVES Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : You : Dr. Fares : 5 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

100 92 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN Resim 5.20 Saint K TAP Pierre Church-Antakya BOOK Courtesy of Ali NTERNET Merç ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 6 Suppose that SIRA you S ZDE are responsible to make a presentation about the religious sites of two cities in Turkey. Below is some information about four cities in Turkey. Choose two ALIfiTIRMALAR of them and prepare a short presentation about the major points: [(Adapted EXERCISES from Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2005)] HATAY UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Ulu Mosque (Sultan Selim Mosque): Ulu Mosque, which is known as the oldest structure of the city, was constructed in 16th century. It reflects the initial period architecture of Islamism. It was demolished in 1987, and reconstructed at the same style. Habibi Neccar Mosque : Habibi Neccar Mosque is known as the first constructed mosque of the city. The mosque was constructed instead of an ancient Roman temple during Baybars period. It was reconstructed during Ottoman period in 17th century as it had been damaged by an earthquake in the 9th century, but the minaret had held its former appearance. Sokullu Mehmet Pafla Kulliye (in Payas): It includes outstanding structures primarily a caravansary and bazaar, a hamam, a mosque, a theology school and a castle. In the inscription on doors of the caravansary, it is written that it was constructed in 1574 by the grand vizier of Ottoman Emperor Selim II, Sokullu Mehmet Pafla. St. Pierre Church: It is on Antakya - Reyhanl road and at the skirts of Habibi Neccar Mountain. It is believed that St. Pierre, which was turned into a church while it was a natural cavern, is the first church of the world. Also, the people who were following Jesus Christ were first called as Christian in this church. In 1963, it was announced as a hajj place by Papa VI. Paul. Every year on 29th of June a ceremony is performed here. There are mosaic residues at the floor and frisks on the walls of the church. St. Simon Monastery (in Samanda ): Baptism place, cistern and other architectural ruins can be seen in Saint Simon Monastery. It was constructed in the name of St. Simon in the 6th century A.D. It is believed that St. Simon retired into seclusion on 20 meter-high column and lived there for 45 days. This experience of St. Simon was recorded in the Guinness Book of Records. The pedestal of the column can also be seen today.

101 MAN SA Ulu Mosque and Kulliye: The Kulliye is composed of a mosque, a theology school adjacent to a mausoleum, and a hamam. The mosque, which was constructed by shak Çelebi in 1376, has the most important and attractive plan of Anatolian Turkish States period. It is one of the master pieces of art of Turkish woodcrafts. Muradiye Mosque and Kulliye: One of the most precious works of art of 16th century Ottoman architecture, Muradiye Külliye is a complex composed of a mosque, a madrasah, a charitable establishment, shops and a library constructed in the 19th century. The mosque was constructed when Sultan Murat III was a prince between Most probably, the scheme of the mosque was made by Mimar Sinan; however, the process of structure was carried out by Mimar Mahmut A a and after his death by Mimar Mehmet A a. Thyatira (in Akhisar): It is understood that there was a church at the place where today tile ruins are present within the city. The church is the one of the seven churches mentioned in the Holy Bible. It also means Continuous Sacrifice and Hard Deluge. Philadelphia Church (in Alaflehir): Wall ruins, behind a house at Himaye-i Etfal District, are thought to belong to Philadelphia church, which is one of the seven churches mentioned in the Holy Bible. The name of this church means Love and Open Gate. Sardis (Sard) Church (in Salihli): There is a church, which was built from tiles and small stones, adjacent to Artemis Temple at Sard. The name of this church, which is the one of the seven churches mentioned in Holy Bible, means Permanent and Walk With Me. Sardis Synagogue (In Salihli): Sardis Synagogue, which was found in 1962 as a result of archeological excavations in the capital of Lidia Kingdom, Sardis, is 120 meters long, 18 meters wide and approximately 1000 persons capacity holding a magnificent structure. It is thought to be belonging to IV - II. centuries B.C., and reconstructed during first century A.D. after its demolition due to an earthquake. It is the most magnificent evidence of Hebrew life in Aegean Region. KIRfiEH R Cacabey (Medresesi) Mosque (Center): The theology school, which is in the city center, was constructed in and currently used as a mosque. It served as an astronomy institute during Seljuk period. Its minaret, which is separate from the structure, was also used as a watch tower. 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism Resim 5.21 Sardis Synagogue- Salihli-Manisa Courtesy of Ali Baflar r; Retrievedfrom h.com/gallery/midd le_east/turkey/aege an/manisa/salihli/p hoto htm Resim 5.22 Cacabey Mosque- K rflehr Courtesy of Ali Merç 93

102 94 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Ahi Evran Mosque and Mausoleum (Center): The mosque and the mausoleum was constructed in 1482 in the name of Ahi Evran, who was the founder of Ahilik Organization. One can climb the mausoleum by a ladder inside the mosque. Lala Mosque (Lale Mosque-Center): It is in the city center and adjacent to Melik Gazi Vault. The architectural style of the mosque resemble to that of a caravansary and a mint. Melik Gazi Vault (Center): In the southeast of the city center, the vault is thought to have been built in the 13th century. Derefak l Churches (Akçakent): These churches are among the first Christian churches, and they are located in Derefak l Village, Akçakent district. Resim 5.23 Inside the Deyr-ul Zaferan Monastery- Mardin Courtesy of Ali Merç MARD N Ulu Mosque : It is within the bedesten and 12th century Artukluo lu structure. There are quite many adornments and decorations in the mosque. Latifiye (Abdullatif) Mosque (Center): It is located at the south of the Republic Square. From the inscription of the crown gate, it is understood that it was constructed by Abdüllatif who was in charge during the second Artuklu Sultan in Zinciriye Medresseh: It is located in Medrese quarter. Dated 1385, the structure is composed of a rectangular mosque covering a wide area, a tomb and several additional sections. The complex is rich in decoration. Deyr Ul Zaferan Monastery : 5 km from east of Mardin, the monastery was constructed in the 4th century. Engraved Virgin Mary Church (Theodoros Temple) and Mar Yakup Monastery with Deyr-ul Zaferan constituted a trio which is one kilometer north from the monastery. Deyr ul Zaferan is one of the most known structure of Upper Mesopotamia and the religious center of Süryani Kadim Community. The monastery was built in the 4th century and mosaics remaining from that period are still present. One of the most significant properties of the monastery is the fact that the graves of the 52 Syrian Orthodox patriarchs are in this structure. Deyr-ul Umur (Mar Gabriel) (in Midyat): It is 18 kilometers from east of Midyat. One of the renowned and big constructions of Süryani Kadim Community, the monastery was perched on a high hill. The foundation of the building was commenced in 397 and completed in a short period of time. Through various periods, additions had been made inside and outside of the monastery. Virgin Mary Church (in Midyat): 40 km from east of Midyat county, on Dargeçit road, it is in Hah (An tl ) Village. Mar Yakup Monastery (in Nusaybin): At a distance of one kilometer, it is located in the west of Deyr-ul Zaferan Monastery. Although the monastery had been called with the name of Arun in the ancient times, it was known to be Maryakup. It is estimated that it was built around 1st and 2nd centuries.

103 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 95 PRESENTATION 1 PRESENTATION 2 A LOOK AT LANGUAGE ngilizce de belirtili ve belirtisiz isimler article ad n verdi imiz sözcüklerle kullan l rlar. Bu sözcüklerden a/an tekil isimlerle birlikte ve herhangi bilinmeyen bir ismi belirtmek amac yla kullan l r Tekil veya ço ul belirtili isim veya isim öbekleri için ise the kullan l r. Bu üç sözcük ngilizce de s k kullan lan ve cümle yap s nda önemli yeri olan sözcüklerdir. Afla daki aç klamalar bu sözcüklerin kullan m n ayr nt lar ile size aktarmaya çal flmakta. Articles (a/an/the) Articles are used with nouns. A/an is used with countable nouns whereas the is used with both countable and uncountable nouns. Archeologists found a pot in their latest excavation. Dr. Archy was reading an article about cities with religious sites. Mr. and Mrs. Relt will visit the town next year. All tourists paid the money to Veli to enter Ephesus. Also, the is used when we are thinking about a specific thing: Diana is visiting a mosque right now. Diana is visiting the mosque next to the church. the is used when we refer to a person/object/place known by everybody in the context: Resim 5.24 Articles in English Retrieved from di.com/advice/usin g_articles_a_an_the.en.html

104 96 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii After this, I ll visit the Monastery. (Everybody knows about which monastery it is) A/an is used to mention about our job. The is used when a particular doctor, dentist, etc. is mentioned: He is a travel agent, but his wife is an archeologist. I m going to see the dentist before our trip to Cairo. use a/an in once a day, twice a month, 3 a kilo : We go on a vacation once in a year. This castle is closed and cleaned three times a month. How much are these bananas? T3,5 a kilo the is used for things that are only one: stanbul is the most beautiful city in the world. The palace we are in now is an architectural masterpiece. the is used with same : All mosques in that area were almost the same, but this is magnificent. Do not use articles for the names of meals: What time is lunch? What are we going to eat for dinner? Do not use articles before noun + number: Our bus to Barcelona leaves from Line 34. I stay in Room 103, and there is a cockroach on my bed! the is used with nationality adjectives: The Chinese are very kind to tourists. the is used to talk about groups of people in the + adjective form: Tourism reforms will benefit the poor and the unemployed in Serbia. the is used with musical instruments: The locals in this town play the guitar in different ways. the is used in names with Republic, Kingdom, States, etc.: I visited the Caribbean Islands last year. Do not use articles before Mount and Lake: Mount Ararat is the highest mountain in the region. Lake Tuz looks like a white sheet on a bed. the is used with the names of oceans, rivers, seas and canals: Lake Van is called the Van Sea by local people: I like the Porsuk River in our short trip to Eskiflehir. the is used with plural names of people and places: I m going to travel with the Browns, how lucky I am! All exotic beaches are either in the Philippines or in the Bahamas. Do not use articles before the names of streets/roads/squares/parks, etc: Our hotel is in Queen Street. Times Square is the most famous tourist attraction in New York. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 7 Two friends SIRA are S ZDE talking about a trip to Rio de Janeiro. Complete the conversation with a suitable article a/an/the. If there is no need for an article, write Ø. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION

105 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 97 Mary : Hi John. How are you doing? John : Hi Mary. I m OK, but a little tired. I m just back from vacation. Mary : Where have you been? John : Rio! It was (1) longest journey I ve ever taken in my life. Mary : Rio? It must be (2) amazing experience! Did you like it? John : So much! (3) Brazilians are very helpful and kind. Mary : What was (4) best site in Rio? John : To me, Copacabana Beach (5) was excellent. Mary : Did you visit (6) Maracana Stadium? John : No, actually. It was under (7) construction for (8) Olympic Games in Mary : What did you have for (9) dinner? It there anything special? John : Oh, yes. I tried (10) open-buffet restaurant on (11) Gloria Street. Mary : Is that near (12) Gloria subway station? John : Yes. Do you know about (13) Rio? Mary : I had read (14) article about it years ago. And my husband was there for (15) conference last year. How did you find (16) residents in the city? John : They are (17) friendly. But, it seems (18) unemployment affected (19) poor a lot. Mary : I see. So, do you recommend Rio for (20) family vacation? John : Sure, I do. But you should talk to (21) travel agent. Also, you should ask for (22) guide for some daily tours there. Mary : Thanks for your advice. John : You re welcome. You ll have (23) greatest moments in your life! Mary : I hope so. Resim 5.25 Rio de Janeiro (Courtesy of Ali Merç) USEFUL INFORMATION- FAYDALI B LG LER Bu bölümde size önce kentsel turizmin belirli ögelerini listeliyoruz. Sonra, önemli bir inanç turizmi merkezi olarak Türkiye hakk nda baz az bilinen bilgileri sunuyoruz. ELEMENTS OF URBAN TOURISM Primary Elements Activity Place Cultural Facilities Museums and Art Galleries Theaters and Cinemas Concert Halls Convention Centers Other Visitor Attractions

106 98 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Sport Facilities Indoor and Outdoor Amusement Facilities Night Clubs Casinos and Bingo Halls Organized Events Festivals Leisure Setting Physical Characteristics Historical Street Pattern Interesting Buildings Ancients Monuments and Statues Parks and Green Areas Waterfronts (Harbor, Canal, River) Socio-Cultural Features Liveliness of the Place Language Local Customs and Costumes Cultural Heritage Friendliness Security Secondary Elements Accommodation Catering Facilities Shopping Markets Additional Elements Accessibility Transportation and Parking Tourist Information (maps, signs, guides) [Adapted from Ruetsche (2006)] SOME FACTS ABOUT TURKEY AS A DESTINATION FOR FAITH TOURISM Turkey is known as the Cradle of Civilization. Turkey borders three major seas (Black, Aegean, and Mediterranean). Asia Minor (Anatolia) was Turkey s earlier name. The first Human Rights Declaration was stated in Turkey in Alexander the Great cut the Gordian knot there. King Midas was born there. The Orient Express train was destined to stanbul. Turkey was was the center of two great empires (Byzantine and Ottoman). Turkey has a 650 year old shopping mall (Kapal Çarfl ) with 65 streets and 3500 shops. Saint Nicholas (Santa Claus) was born there. Noah s Ark landed in the eastern part of Turkey on Mt. Ararat. The first international peace treaty was signed between the Hittites and the Egyptians in 1259 B.C. after the battle of Kadesh.

107 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 99 Turkey possesses two of the Seven Wonders of the World. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus (near Izmir - Turkey) and The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (in Bodrum - Turkey) Turkey has historical ruins from three of the world s major religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Apostle Paul was born there. The Jews found refuge during the Inquisition in Anatolia. Beyaz d II welcomed the fleeing Jews to stanbul in Turkey is the location of Troy where the Trojan wars were fought. (Adapted from

108 100 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Vocabulary - Sözcükler artificial: produced by humans average: mean, a typical amount blessed: holy, sacred carnival: special festival catering: the trade of a professional food provider civilized: having an advanced or humane culture, society, etc. competitiveness: having a strong desire to compete or to succeed. crowd: any large number of persons cruise: large boat for a pleasure trip demolition: an act of destruction destine: to set apart for a particular use, purpose, etc. disorder: lack of regular arrangement, confusion dispel: to cause to disappear disregard: to pay no attention to distorted: deformed diverse: different kinds or forms excursion: a short trip or outing to some place, usually for a special purpose and with the intention of a prompt return exhibition: a public display, as of the work of artists or artisans fair: an exhibition, usually competitive, of farm products, livestock, etc., often combined in the U.S. with entertainment and held annually by a county or state focus: a central point, as of attraction, attention, or activity gate: a great door or entrance grave: the place for dead bodies on the earth harbor: a part of a body of water along the shore deep enough for anchoring a ship and so situated with respect to coastal features, whether natural or artificial, as to provide protection from winds, waves, and currents harmony: agreement host: to be home to someone or something intersection: junction, crossroad legacy: cultural or traditional heritage marketing: the total of activities involved in the transfer of goods from the producer or seller to the consumer or buyer, including advertising, shipping, storing, and selling. melting pot: mixture missionary: a person strongly in favor of a program, set of principles, etc., who attempts to persuade or convert others. municipal: urban, public, belonging to city mythical: imaginary observatory deck: A special high place to view the cityscape panoramic: an unobstructed and wide view of an extensive area in all directions. peaceful: situations, scenes, and activities free of disturbances pedestrian: people traveling on foot pilgrim: a person who journeys, especially a long distance, to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion pilgrimage: a journey, especially a long one, made to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion port: harbor priest: a person responsible for religious actions in Christianity promenade: an area used for walking. rabbi: a person responsible for religious actions in Judaism relics: a surviving memorial of something past. renowned: celebrated, famous royal: of or pertaining to a king, queen, or other sovereign sacred: holy, blessed simultaneously: at the same time southernmost: the point at the farthest south spiritual: relating to sacred things spot: area, site, point sustainable: able to be maintained or kept going, as an action or process synergy: the interaction of elements that when combined produce a total effect that is greater than the sum of the individual elements, contributions, etc. taste: the act of tasting food or drink. theology: the field of study and analysis that treats of God and of God s attributes and relations to the universe tolerance: a fair, objective, and permissive attitude toward opinions and practices that differ from one s own traffic jam: a number of vehicles so obstructed that they can scarcely move unique: the only, not typical; unusual unpolluted: not polluted, clean urban: related to city urbanization: taking on the characteristics of a city visitor-friendly: easy to use by visitors waterfront: land on the edge of a body of water woodcraft: woodwork, made from wood worship: to show profound religious devotion and respect to God

109 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 101 Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. People from all religions have lived in in many cities of Turkey for centuries. a. excursion b. harmony c. spot d. arcade e. taste 2. The daily trip to Amasra with the family was a/an experience for me. a. spiritual b. artificial c. distorted d. unique e. royal 3. What type of tourism is gaining popularity in the tourism sector? a. Health Tourism b. Niche Tourism c. Eco Tourism d. Gastro Tourism e. Faith Tourism 4. Which of the following is NOT one of the components of urban tourism? a. Interesting buildings b. Shopping malls c. Spa centers d. Art galleries e. Leisure parks 5. Which of the following sites is NOT visited in a tour for the purpose of faith tourism? a. mosques b. monasteries c. synagogues d. graves e. clock houses 6. My sister played guitar during the nights throughout our vacation. a. a b. an c. the d. Ø e. some 7. Customer: How much are these cherries? Greengrocer: T5 kilo. a. a b. an c. the d. Ø e. some 8. Islam, Christianity, and Judaism are most popular religions in Middle East. a. the/ Ø b. Ø/ Ø c. Ø/the d. the/the e. a/ Ø 9. John:. Where is Andrew? Mary: They re visiting interesting park we saw yesterday. a. a b. an c. the d. Ø e. some 10. The synagogue was situated on Ankara road. a. a b. an c. the d. Ø e. some

110 102 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer key to It s your turn 1 1. a. Historical sites; b. Waterfront; c. Friendly native people 2. It means walking around the historical locations comfortably without too much traffic and be able to see everthing without too much interruption. 3. They enable visitors to attend professional meeting or conferences and at the same time provide opportunities to the visitor to see other sites or go shopping and enjoy the city. 4. Oktoberfest, Cannes Film Festival, The Rio Carnival 5. The visitors take their experiences back with them. They will talk to their friends and explain good or bad experiences they had. Answer key to It s your turn 2 1. Faith tourism, also known as religious tourism, generally takes followers of specific religions to locations that are holy for them. 2. Islam, Christianity, and Judaism 3. One of the oldest synagogues built. 4. It is believed that Noah s Ark landed on this mountain. 5. Religious sites are open to everyone. Answer key to It s your turn 3 Destinations Criteria Stockholm Amsterdam St Dublin Rhodes Volterra stanbul Andrews Historical Places Waterfronts Conference centers and exhibitions Fairs, carnivals and events Unique visitor areas Friendliness of locals Eating facilities Answer key to It s your turn 4 Answer key to It s your turn 6 Answers will be up to you. They will change according to your choices. Answer key to It s your turn 7 1. the 2. an 3. Ø 4. the 5. Ø 6. the 7. Ø 8. the 9. Ø 10. an 11. Ø 12. Ø 13. Ø 14. an 15. a 16. the 17. Ø 18. Ø 19. the 20. a 21. a 22. a 23. the Mr. Güzel Mr. Christiansen Mr. Jewel Aflkenazi Synagogue Beyaz t Mosque Blue Mosque Eski maret Mosque Eyüp Sultan Mosque Fatih Mosque Hagia Sofia Haydarpafla Hemdat Israel Synagogue mrahor lyas Bey Mosque Italian Synagogue Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes Neve fialom Synagogue Studis Monastery Süleymaniye Mosque and Külliye

111 5. Ünite - Niche Tourism: Urban Tourism and Faith Tourism 103 Answer key to Let us test ourselves 1. b 2. d 3. e 4. c 5. e 6. c 7. a 8. d 9. c 10. d References - Kaynaklar Ak fl, A. (2011). The effects of tourism on urban development: A case study on Antalya-Turkey. Eastern Geographical Review, 16(25), Retrived on November 11, 2012 from /view/7379/ Case-Study-Kl Reutsche, J. (2006): Urban tourism: What attracts visitors to cities? University of Wisconsin Extension, Let s Talk Business e-newsletter, Issue 117. Retrieved on November 11, 2012 from TB0506.pdf European Commission (2000). Towards quality rural tourism: Integrated Quality Management (IQM) of rural tourist destinations. Enterprise Directorate- General, Tourism Unit. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Retrieved on November 11, 2012 from /studies/towards_quality_tourism_rural_urban_coa stal/iqm_urban_en.pdf Aktafl, A., Ekin, Y. (2007). Case Study 5: The Importance and the Role of Faith (Religious) Tourism As Alternative Tourism Resources in Turkey. In, R. Raj and N. Morpeth, Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage Festivals Management: An International Perspective, pp Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing. Egresi, I., Bayram, B., Kara, F. & Kesik, O. A. (2012). Unlocking the potential of religious tourism in Turkey. GeoJournal of Tourism and GeoSites, 1(9), Retrieved on November 11, 2012 from ourism_in_turkey.html us_sites_in_turkey.html Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. (2005). Faith tourism. Retrieved on November 11, 2012 from Tharlow, P. E. (2010). Religious and pilgrimage tourism. Destination World News: The e-newsletter for Tourism Destination Professionals, Issue 33. Retrieved on November 11, 2012 from Murphy, R. (2001). English Grammar in Use: A Reference and Practice Book for Intermediate Students (Second Edition). Cambridge: CUP.

112 6TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Dünya kültürel miras kavram n n ne anlama geldi ini, UNESCO Dünya Kültür Miras listesinin nas l oluflturuldu unu, Kültürel miras de erlerinin ve ölçütlerinin neler ve Ülkemizde Dünya Kültürel Miras listesine giren mekanlar n nereler oldu unu aç klamal olarak tart fl rken, ngilizcede relative clause yap s hakk nda bilgi edineceksiniz. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Term UNESCO World Heritage List World Heritage Sites in Turkey Relative Clauses Language of Interviews çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii World Heritage Sites in Turkey LET US READ HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? SITUATION 1 SITUATION 2 A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF INTERVIEWS A LOOK AT LANGUAGE THE RELATIVE CLAUSES USEFUL INFORMATION

113 World Heritage Sites in Turkey Ülkemizin tarihi ve kültürel miras aç s ndan zengin topraklarda kuruldu unu ve bu miras m z tüm dünya ile paylaflt m z hepimiz biliyoruz. UNESCO dünya kültürüne ve do al de erlerine sahip ç kmak ve korumak amac ile Dünya Kültür Miras Konvansiyonunu imzaya açm flt r. Ülkemiz de bu anlaflmaya imzas n koyan ve onaylayan ülkelerden birisidir. Bu Konvansiyona göre UNESCO tüm dünyaya mal olan kültür ve do a de erlerini seçip Dünya Kültürel Miras Listesine alarak o de erleri koruma alt na almaktad r. Bu ünitemizde UNESCO Dünya Kültürel Miras kavram n anlaman z için baz aç klamalar yap p ülkemizde bu listeye giren yerleri sizlere tan tmaya çal fl yoruz. lk okuma parçam z genel anlamda Dünya Kültürel Miras kavram n aç kl yor. LET US READ Reading 1 UNESCO World Heritage Sites The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) wants to support the identification, protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage sites around the world which are considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. UNESCO defines cultural heritage as the monuments, groups of buildings and sites with historical, aesthetic, archaeological, scientific, ethnological or anthropological value. On the other hand, natural heritage refers to outstanding physical, biological and geological formations, habitats of threatened species of animals and plants and areas with scientific, conservation or aesthetic value. The UNESCO World Heritage Site list is made by the international World Heritage Program which is administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. The committee is composed of 21 states parties. According to the UNESCO World Heritage, States Parties are countries that signed and ratified The World Heritage Convention. W ORLD PATRIMONIU HERITAGE MUNDIAL PATRIMO IAL MOND INE Resim 6.1 The World Heritage Emblem Retrieved from org/en/emblem/

114 106 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii The program was founded with the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, which was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 November As of 2012, 962 sites are listed: 745 cultural, 188 natural, and 29 mixed properties, in 157 states. In order to be listed in the UNESCO World Heritage Site, a country must first take an inventory of its significant cultural and natural properties. This is called the Tentative List. There are ten selection criteria: six cultural and four natural. A site must meet at least one of them to be included in the list. These criteria are: Cultural criteria 1. Representing a masterpiece of human creative genius 2. Exhibiting an important interchange of human values, over a period of time, or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning, or landscape design 3. Bearing a unique or exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared 4. Being an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural, or technological group or landscape which illustrates a significant stage in human history 5. Being an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture, or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change 6. Being directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance Natural criteria 7. Containing excellent natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance 8. Being an outstanding example representing major stages of Earth s history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features 9. Being an outstanding example representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems, and communities of plants and animals 10. Containing the most important and significant natural habitats for the conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation

115 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 107 fiekil 6.1 Italy (47) Spain (44) China (43) France (38) Germany (37) Mexico (31) India (29) UK (28) Russia (25) USA (21) Australia (19) Brazil (19) Greece (17) Canada (16) Japon (16) Iran (15) Sweden (15) Portugal (14) Poland (13) Czech Republic (12) Belgium (11) Peru (11) Switzerland (11) Turkey (11) South Korea (10) World Heritage Sites by Country Retrieved from org/wiki/world_her itage_list World Heritage is perhaps the most significant recognition that can be given to the natural and/or cultural value of a site. Therefore, they have to be protected well. According to Article 53 of the Geneva Convention it is prohibited to; commit any acts of aggression directed against the historic monuments, works of art or places of worship which constitute the cultural or spiritual heritage of people; use such objects in support of the military effort; make such objects the object of reprisals. 1. How does UNESCO define cultural heritage? SIRA S ZDE 2. When was the Convention Concerning the Protection of ALIfiTIRMALAR World Cultural and Natural Heritage first held? EXERCISES 3. How many World Heritage sites have both cultural and UYGULAYIN natural value all over the world? a K TAP b. 962 BOOK c. 745 d. 188 NTERNET e Which of the following country in the following list has ATTENTION the highest number of sites in the UNESCO World Heritage List? a. Poland AMAÇLARIMIZ b. Mexico OBJECTIVES c. Turkey d. UK e. Russia 1 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

116 108 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 5. Name at least two rules that Article 53 of Geneva Conventions states in order to protect world heritage sites. a. b. Reading 2 Turkey in the World Heritage List Turkey signed the World Heritage convention in Turkey has eleven cultural and natural sites accepted to the World Heritage list from 1985 to The following is a list of these eleven sites. Tablo 6.1 Site Year Type City/Cities Historic Areas of Istanbul 1985 Cultural Istanbul Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia 1985 Cultural and Natural Nevflehir/Kayseri Great Mosque and Hospital of Divri i 1985 Cultural Sivas Hattusha: The Hittite Capital 1986 Cultural Çorum Mount Nemrut 1987 Cultural Ad yaman Hierapolis- Pamukkale 1988 Cultural and Natural Denizli Xanthos Letoon 1988 Cultural Antalya/Mu la City of Safranbolu 1994 Cultural Karabük Archaeological Site of Troy 1998 Cultural Çanakkale Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex 2011 Cultural Edirne Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük 2012 Cultural Konya Resim 6.2 The following visual shows the geographical locations of the 11 sites of Turkey in the World heritage list. Sites in Turkey that take place in the World Heritage List Retrieved from com/dunya_mirasi_ en.php?lng=en Troy Selimiye Mosgue stanbul Safranbolu Hattusas Great Mosgua Pamukkale-Hierapolis Cappadocia Nemrut Xanthos-Letoon Çatal Höyük

117 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 109 In addition to the 11 cultural and natural sites, that take place in the World Heritage List, Turkey has 37 other locations that are in the Tentative List: Ephesus (1994) Karain Cave (1994) Sümela Monastery (The Monastery of Virgin Mary) (2000) Alahan Monastery (2000) St. Nicholas Church (2000) Harran and fianl urfa (2000) The Tombstones of Ahlat the Urartian and Ottoman citadel (2000) The Citadel and the Walls of Diyarbakir (2000) Seljuk Caravanserais on the route from Denizli to Do ubeyaz t (2000) Konya-A capital of Seljuk Civilization (2000) Alanya (2000) Mardin Cultural Landscape (2000) Bursa and Cumal k z k Early Ottoman urban and rural settlements (2000) St.Paul Church, St.Paul s Well and surrounding historic quarters (2000) Ishak Pasha Palace (2000) Kekova (2000) Güllük Dagi-Termessos National Park (2000) Archaeological Site of Aphrodisias (2009) Ancient Cities of Lycian Civilization (2009) Archaeological Site of Sagalassos (2009) Archaeological Site of Perge (2009) Eflrefo lu Mosque (2011) The Archaeological Site of Göbeklitepe (2011) Hatay, St. Pierre Church (2011) Bergama (2011) Aizanoi Antique City (2012) Historic City of Ani (2012) Archeological Site of Zeugma (2012) Gordion (2012) Historic Town of Birgi (2012) Mausoleum and Sacred area of Hecatomnus (2012) Medieval City of Beçin (2012) Historical Monuments of Ni de (2012) Yesemek Quarry and Sculpture Workshop (2012) Odunpazar Historical Urban Site (2012) Mamure Castle (2012) Hac Bektafl Veli Complex (2012) Protection of locations and sites that have historical, cultural or natural value is very important. Turkey must try to protect these sites by establishing rules. It is necessary to prepare appropriate management plans with effective implementation for the World Heritage Sites of Turkey. Conservation and protection measures can be strengthened by identification of buffer zones for prevention of construction activities in the adjoining areas to World Heritage Sites. It is essential to develop and implement an efficient Visitor Management Plan in the framework of Management Plan for these sites.

118 110 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Strong efforts should be made to increase the awareness of local population living in the vicinity of World Heritage Site about significance of the site. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET 2 1. How many SIRA sites S ZDE in Turkey have been in the UNESCO World Heritage List? Are they based on cultural or natural criteria? ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 2. Which of the sites in the Tentative list from Turkey was put in the list earlier than others? UYGULAYIN a. Yesemek Quarry and Sculpture Workshop b. Mamure Castle K TAP c. Eflrefo lu BOOKMosque d. St. Nicholas Church e. Odunpazar NTERNETHistorical Urban Site ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 3. Which site or sites in Turkey was/were first added to the World Heritage Site? ATTENTION 4. Which ones the last? AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 5. What is needed to protect the World Heritage Sites of Turkey? SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 3 Find the synonyms SIRA S ZDE of the following words from the text and write in the blanks. Use your dictionary when necessary. 1. place ALIfiTIRMALAR 2. inheritance EXERCISES 3. managed 4. confirmed UYGULAYIN 5. accepted 6. on behalf of K TAP 7. forbidden BOOK 8. meeting 9. next-door NTERNET HOW WOULD THEY SAY IT? Bu bölümde ATTENTION Dünya Kültür Miras listesinde yer alan iki önemli kültür merkezimizin tan t ld konuflmalar okuyorsunuz. Bu konuflmalar size daha baflka önemli merkezleri anlatmak istedi inizde fikir verecek ve yol gösterecektir. fiimdi Dünya Kültür AMAÇLARIMIZ Miras OBJECTIVES Listesinde yer alan de erlerimiz Selimiye Camii ve Safranbolu Evleri hakk nda yap lan konuflmalar okuyal m. SITUATION 1 A Visit to Selimiye Mosque and Its Social Complex A group of students are interviewing their history teacher about Selimiye Mosque and its social complex in Edirne, Turkey.

119 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey Student: Good morning Dr. Selim Bilir. We would like to learn about the Selimiye Mosque and its social complex. Dr. Bilir: Good morning. Welcome to my office. I ll be pleased to give you information about this site. Please do not hesitate to ask your questions. Student: Where exactly are Selimiye Mosque and its social complex? Can you give us information about the location? Dr. Bilir: OK. It s in Edirne. Edirne, which was known as Adrianople until the Ottoman period, is located at the northeastern Turkey, and is easily accessible by bus from Istanbul and Çanakkale. Edirne was the second capital of the Ottoman Empire. Student: Are there any other historical buildings in Edirne? Dr. Bilir: Sure, there are. But, this is the most famous one, not only in Edirne, but all over the world. Student: What are the other buildings around the mosque? Dr. Bilir: Actually, it is a complex. The complex, which was built in the historic centre of Edirne comprises two madrasas, I mean Islamic schools, a primary school, a clock house, a library, a courtyard, and a covered bazaar besides the wonderful mosque. Student: Oh, it sounds great! When was it built? Dr. Bilir: It was built between 1569 and Student: Where does its name come from? What does it mean? Dr. Bilir: It takes its name from the reigning Ottoman Sultan Selim II. It s common to name the mosques with the Sultans names who have financed the mosque. I m sure you remember Süleymaniye Mosque in stanbul that we visited the other day. Student: Oh, yes. I see. I ve heard that it was built by the same architecture. Am I right? Dr. Bilir: Yes, Sinan, who is considered as the best architect ever, built this complex as his masterpiece work. Student: What makes Selimiye Mosque so special? Dr. Bilir: The mosque is unique with its single dome and four slim and elegant minarets. Student: What else? Dr. Bilir: When looking from the roads leading to Edirne, the four minarets seem as if they are only two as they are symmetrically placed. There are 384 windows in Selimiye Mosque in total, together with court windows. And the dome s architecture is called beyond possibility. It is structurally superior to Hagia Sophia, the dome of which is frequently compared to the dome of Selimiye Mosque. The Selimiye Mosque and its social complex was announced in the World Heritage List by UNESCO in Resim 6.3 Selimiye Mosque in Edirne Courtey of Ali MERÇ 111

120 112 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Student: Oh, really? I know that there are some criteria to be listed in World Heritage. Dr. Bilir: You are right. According to Criterion 1 by UNESCO, The Selimiye Mosque Complex at Edirne is a masterpiece of the human creative genius of the architect Sinan, the Resim 6.4 most famous of all Ottoman The Dom, Selimiye architects in the 16th century. Mosque Student: I see. Any other criteria? Retrieved from Dr. Bilir:Yes. According to ezi.com/selimiye_ Criterion 4, The Selimiye Mosque camii_ic_mimari.htm with its dome, spatial concept, architectural and technological collection and location at the top of the cityscape illustrates an important step in human history, the highest point of the Ottoman Empire. The interior decoration using Iznik tiles is unique. Also, the mosque represents the most pleasant look of the külliye, which is a Resim 6.5 Selimiye Mosque- Interior, Retrieved from gezi.com/selimiye_ camii_ic_mimari. htm special Ottoman type of complex. Student: What about integrity? Dr. Bilir: The Selimiye Mosque Complex, which includes all the characteristics of its excellent universal value, is well-maintained. Also, it is very important that all view corridors are still protected. Student: Authenticity? Dr. Bilir: The Mosque Complex holds its authenticity in terms of form and design, materials and substance. The Mosque and the covered bazaar hold their authenticity in terms of use and function, spirit and feeling. The madrasas have been modified to be used as museums. Student: This place is great! It deserves all of the praises! Thank you very much for your time. Dr. Bilir: You re welcome. SITUATION 2 An Interview on the City of Safranbolu A journalist is interviewing the UNESCO Representative (UR) about the City of Safranbolu. Journalist: I would like to thank you on behalf of my readers. You wanted to talk to me about the City of Safranbolu. UR: Not at all. It s my pleasure to introduce this great site. Journalist: Good. I want to start with the city. Where is Safranbolu?

121 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 113 UR: Safranbolu is a town and district of Karabük Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is about two hundred kilometers north of Ankara and about a hundred kilometers south of the Black Sea coast, or more precisely about 9 kilometers north of the city of Karabük. Journalist: Where does its name come from? UR: The name of the town derives from saffron, since Safranbolu was a trading place and a center for saffron cultivation. Journalist: What is the importance of Safranbolu s location? UR: The City of Safranbolu is an example of a typical Ottoman trade town. It has played a key role in the caravan trade on the main route between Europe and the Orient. Journalist: What makes Safranbolu special? UR: It s a typical Ottoman town that has survived to the present day. The architectural forms of the buildings and streets in the city are examples of their time. Journalist: What are there in the Old Town, then? Resim 6.6 A view from the City of Safranbolu Retrieved from er.com/safranboluevlerinin-depremsirri/resim-17/ Resim 6.7 Resim 6.8 A trading street in Safranbolu Retrieved from ranboluevleri. net/fotograflar.asp The Sun Dial Retrieved from ranboluevleri. net/fotograflar.asp UR: The Old Town preserves many old buildings, with 1008 registered historical artifacts. These are a private museum, 25 mosques, 5 tombs, 8 historical fountains, 5 Turkish baths, 3 caravanserais, a historical clock tower, a sundial and hundreds of houses and mansions. Also there are many ancient settlements, rock tombs and historical bridges. Journalist: It sounds great. When was the City of Safranbolu taken to the World Heritage List? UR: On December 17, Journalist: What were the main criteria for this site to be cited in the list?

122 114 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii UR: The caravan trade was the main commercial link between the Orient and Europe for centuries. As a result, towns of characteristic type grew up along its route. With the coming of railways in the 19th century, these towns suddenly lost their importance and most of them were adapted to other economic bases. Safranbolu was not affected in this way and as a result has preserved its original form and buildings. This is the first criteria. Journalist: What else? UR: Safranbolu, which was quite rich with its key role in the caravan trade for many centuries, was able to set a standard in public and domestic architecture that exercised a great influence on urban development over a large area of the Ottoman Empire Journalist: Even these are enough, I think. Any other criteria? UR: Yes, one more. It needs protection. The end of the caravan trade had a negative effect on Safranbolu. Its closeness to the Karabük Steelworks has given it a new socio-economic role, but it is still in danger to external pressures. So, continuous efforts must be made to preserve the traditional City of Safranbolu. Journalist: Thank you very much for your information. What would you like to say as your last words? UR: I recommend everybody to see the City of Safranbolu before they die Resim 6.9 Resim 6.10 A Historic Safranbolu House Retrieved from ranboluevleri. net/fotograflar.asp Interior of a Safranbolu House Retrieived from ranboluevleri. net/fotograflar. asp A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF INTERVIEWS Yukar da iki kültür miras n karfl l kl konuflmalarla tan tan iki söylefli okudunuz. Bu söyleflilerde belirli kal p sorular soruldu una dikkat etmiflsinizdir. Bu tür söyleflilerde nas l sorular sorulabilir, nas l yan tlar verilir size fikir vermeye çal fl yoruz. Kullan lan söylefli kal plar na ve yap lara dikkat ederek benzer söyleflileri siz de yürütebilirsiniz. Söyleflilerde bir gazeteci, bir TV muhabiri veya program sunucusu veya konuya merakl olan birisi olabilir. Bu kifliler sorular n konusunda uzman kiflilere yönlendirirler. Söyleflilerde amaç mümkün oldu u kadar çok ve aç klama gerektiren sorular sorarak konu hakk nda bilgi edinmektir. Yukar daki söyleflilerde yer alan sorular bir kez daha gözden geçirelim sonra da bir al flt rma da kendimiz yapal m. An interview takes place between a journalist, an anchorman, or presenter of a program (interviewer) and someone who has been invited to the program or to a specific place to speak about a particular topic (interviewee). The interviewee is

123 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 115 often an expert on the topic or someone who has strong opinions, for example a cinema critic talking about a new film. The Language of Interviewers In every interview, we find examples of real questions asked to the interviewees. Also, an interviewer can agree or disagree with the interviewee. Sometimes, he/she can help the interviewee say more with his/her comments or questions. During the interviews, the interviewer s job is to prompt or help the interviewee to talk. If the interviewer uses too many direct questions, the interviewee will soon stop speaking. Therefore, the interviewer uses comments such as conclusions, summaries, and sometimes contrasting opinions to help the interviewee speak about the topic. Now, look at the questions and other statements made by the interviewers in the situations given in How Would You Say section above: Situation 1: Where exactly are Selimiye Mosque and its social complex? Can you give us information about the location? Are there any other historical buildings in Edirne? What are the other buildings around the mosque? Oh, it sounds great! When was it built? Where does its name come from? What does it mean? Oh, yes. I see. I ve heard that it was built by the same architecture. Am I right? What makes Selimiye Mosque so special? What else? Oh, really? I know that there are some criteria to be listed in World Heritage. I see. Any other criteria? What about integrity? Authenticity? This place is great! It deserves all of the praises! Situation 2: I want to start with the city. Where is Safranbolu? Where does its name come from? What is the importance of Safranbolu s location? What makes Safranbolu special? What are there in the Old Town, then? It sounds great. When was the City of Safranbolu taken to the World Heritage List? What were the main criteria for this site to be cited in the list? What else? Even these are enough, I think. Any other criteria? Thank you very much for your information. What would you like to say as your last words? Below is an interview conducted by a journalist with Mr. Pamuk, SIRA S ZDE the Director of Tourism in Denizli about Hierapolis-Pamukkale. Complete the interview with suitable questions or comments. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 4 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET

124 116 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 6.11 Views from Hierapolis and Pamukkale Reference: (Somuncu & Yi it, 2010: 21) Journalist: (1) Mr. Pamuk: You re welcome. It s my pleasure. Journalist: (2) Mr. Pamuk: Pamukkale is located about 20 km north of Denizli province Center in the Aegean region of Turkey. Journalist: (3) Mr. Pamuk: It means Cotton-castle. Journalist: (4) Mr. Pamuk: Yes it is white as its name offers. Journalist: (5) Mr. Pamuk: Hierapolis-Pamukkale was an ancient spa center. The hot springs here have been used as a spa since the 2nd century BC. Under Hellenistic and Roman rule, it became a healing center where doctors used the hot thermal springs as a treatment for their patients. Journalist: (6) Mr. Pamuk: OK. Let s talk about Hierapolis first. An exceptional example of a Greco-Roman thermal system was established in Hierapolis. Also, the Christian monuments of Hierapolis constitute an outstanding example of an early Christian architectural complex. Journalist: (7) Mr. Pamuk: The Pamukkale travertine was created by thermal water putting down the calcium carbonate it contained. The natural wonder of Pamukkale travertine has a 160 meters tall and 2700 meters long cascade. With its brilliant white color, it can be seen about a distance of 20 km. In Pamukkale, there are 17 thermal springs with water temperatures between C. Journalist: (8) Mr. Pamuk: On December 9, Journalist: (9) Mr. Pamuk: Yes, it s the fifth site in the list from Turkey. Journalist: (10) Mr. Pamuk: Criterion 3 says that Hierapolis is an exceptional example of a Greco-Roman thermal system made on a natural site. Journalist: (11) Mr. Pamuk: According to criterion 4. the Christian monuments of Hierapolis, built between the 4th and the 6th centuries, gives a great example of an Early Christian architectural group with a cathedral, baptistery and churches Journalist: (12

125 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 117 Mr. Pamuk: There s one more. Criterion 7 says that the site contains exceptional natural phenomena or areas of special natural beauty and aesthetic importance. Journalist: (13) Mr. Pamuk: Yes, the first two were historical criteria, but this one is a natural site criterion. Journalist: (14) Mr. Pamuk: A management plan has been prepared for Hierapolis-Pamukkale in Journalist: (15) Mr. Pamuk: This sacred land dressed in white is waiting for people who want to heal in its waters with a natural therapy. Journalist: (16) Mr. Pamuk: You re welcome. A LOOK AT LANGUAGE THE RELATIVE CLAUSES ngilizcede Relative Clause ismini verdi imiz yap lar hakk nda bilgi aktar yoruz. Ayn özne veya nesneyi paylaflan cümleleri ayr ayr söylemek yerine bu cümlelerin ortak özne veya nesnelerini relative pronoun kullanarak birlefltirebiliriz. How to Form a Relative Clause? a) Relative pronoun replacing a subject or relative pronoun as subject: Look at these two sentences. The visitor is at the reception desk. The visitor has a dog. It is strange to give two different types of information about the same subject in two different sentences. It is easier to put these two sentences together by the use of a relative pronoun. The sentences share the same object the visitor. So it is possible to combine these sentences as: The visitor who (that) is at the reception desk has a dog. Let us have some more examples. Notice that these sentences share the same subject noun. The bell boy lost his key. The bell boy was not careful. The bell boy who lost his key was not very careful. Notice that the relative pronoun is used right after the subject noun. Here is another example. Notice that the subject noun is not human. The sauna is on the first floor. The sauna opens at 8 o clock. The sauna which (that) is on the first floor opens at 8 o clock. The relative pronouns used for animate (live) subject nouns can be who or that; for inanimate subject nouns which or that is used. b) Relative pronoun replacing an object or relative pronoun as object: Look at these two sentences. The object noun in one sentence is identical to the subject noun. Therefore, we have a different type of a replacement. The hotel is on the beach.

126 118 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii I like this hotel. Combined with a relative pronoun we have: The hotel which (that) I like is on the beach. Now let us look at two sentences where the object and subject nouns are animate. The waiter served the customer. The customer was not nice. The customer whom (that) the waiter served was not nice. In this kind of relative clauses it is possible to omit the relative pronouns. So the above sentences can be rewritten as: The hotel I like is on the beach. The customer the waiter served was not nice. c) Relative pronoun replacing a possessive or relative pronoun as possessive: Look at the following sentences: In these sentences we have possessives nouns. I know the man. The man s (his) car was stolen. I know the man whose car was stolen. The student writes well. I read student s (his) composition. The student whose composition I read writes well. When the possessive nouns belong to the inanimate nouns the relative pronoun is still whose. Mr Jones has a painting. Its value is unimaginable. Mr Jones has a painting whose value is unimaginable d) Relative clauses starting with a preposition: The customer is the woman. I told you about the customer. The customer is the woman about whom I told you. (very formal English) The customer is the woman whom (that) I told you about. The relative pronoun can be omitted. She is the woman Ø I told you about. For inanimate possessive nouns: The music was good. We listened to it last night. (here it refers to the music) The music to which we listened last night was good. (very formal English) OR The music which we listened to last night was good. OR The music that we listened to last night was good. OR The music Ø we listened to last night was good.

127 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 119 Summary of the relative pronouns Subject Object Possessive People Things People Things People Things WHO (THAT) THAT (WHICH) Ø / THAT / WHO / WHOM Ø / THAT / WHICH WHOSE OF WHICH / WHOSE The man who can lift a car is with us in our tour. The map that shows the whole are belongs to the tour guide. The woman you met in the tour bus is very famous. The archeological site we are visiting is the oldest among all. The tourist whose suitcase was stolen is from the Netherlands. The ancient stadium whose walls have been destroyed is a great place. Tablo 6.2 Summary of the relative pronouns Prepositional People Things Ø / THAT / WHO / WHOM+ + PREP PREP. + WHOM Ø / THAT / WHICH + + PREP. PREP + WHICH This is the chef about whom I told yesterday. This is the chef I told about yesterday. These are the ruins I told you about in the tour bus. These are the ruins about which I told you in the tour bus. Combine the two sentences using relative clauses SIRA S ZDE 1. Someone made the arrangements for the boat tour in Porsuk ALIfiTIRMALAR River. It was Ali. EXERCISES 2. Mihrimah Sultan Camii was completed in It is a well-situated building. UYGULAYIN 3. Someone s bag got lost at the museum. It was fienay. K TAP 4. Is that the new station for the tour buses? The guide gave detailed BOOK information about it this morning. NTERNET 6. The Korean tourists names were not written in the guest list. They were all very angry. ATTENTION 7. This is the bellboy. I gave money to him when I checked AMAÇLARIMIZ in. OBJECTIVES 8. brahim Pasha was the Grand Vizier of Süleyman the Magnificent. The Sultan executed him in The remains of Romans in this site should not be missed. Such a lot has been written for them. 10.The problem has been solved by the tour guide. You were really concerned about it yesterday. 5 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

128 120 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 6 Read the following SIRA S ZDE sentences with relative clauses about UNESCO Wold Heritage Sites. Then, rewrite them in two different sentences. 1. Original ALIfiTIRMALAR Sentence: A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place (such as a forest, mountain, EXERCISES lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance. Sentence UYGULAYIN 1: Sentence 2: 2. Original Sentence: The committee is composed of 21 states parties which are K TAP elected by BOOK their General Assembly. Sentence 1: Sentence NTERNET 2: 3. Original Sentence: According to the UNESCO World Heritage website, States Parties are countries that signed and ratified The World Heritage Convention. Sentence ATTENTION 1: Sentence 2: 4. Original Sentence: The program was founded with the Convention Concerning AMAÇLARIMIZ the Protection OBJECTIVES of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, which was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 November Sentence 1: Sentence 2: 5. Original Sentence: World Heritage is perhaps the most significant recognition that can be given to the natural and/or cultural value of a site. Sentence 1: Sentence 2: 6. Original Sentence: Turkey has 37 other properties that are in the Tentative List. Sentence 1: Sentence 2: USEFUL INFORMATION Bu bölümde UNESCO Dünya Kültür Miras listesinde yer alan ülkemiz de erlerini k sa k sa sizlere tan tmaya ve bilgi aktarmaya çal fl yoruz. In this unit, we learned about three of the sites in Turkey, which are listed in the World Heritage List: Selimiye Mosque and Its Social Complex, Hierapolis- Pamukkale, and The City of Safranbolu. Below is some brief information about the other World Heritage Sites in Turkey. Adapted from Great Mosque and Hospital of Divri i Inscribed: 1985 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (1) (4) Category: Religious structure, Islamic Divrigi Great Mosque and Hospital are an ornately decorated mosque and a medical complex recognized for their lovely carvings and architecture. In , when Divrigi was under the rule of the Bey of Mengücek Emir Ahmed Shah, he commissioned the mosque which stands fully in one piece. The next-door Hospital was built simultaneously with the mosque by Turan Melek Sultan. The geometrical

129 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 121 and floral patterned reliefs found on the main door in particular attract great interest. The architect probably was inspired by Armenian and Georgian constructions. Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia Inscribed: 1985 Mixed (Cultural and Natural) Heritage Criteria: (1) (3) (5) (7) Category: Natural landscape, Eroded Archaeological site, Byzantine Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia lie in the mid-western part of Turkey. The extraordinary landscape was formed millions of years ago, the combined work of lava spitting volcanoes, wind and water. In a spectacular landscape, entirely sculpted by erosion, the Göreme valley and its surroundings contain rockhewn sanctuaries that provide unique evidence of Byzantine art in the post-iconoclastic period. Dwellings, troglodyte villages and underground towns - the remains of a traditional human habitat dating back to the 4th century - can also be seen there. Religious Byzantine paintings can be found on the walls of the churches and monasteries. Resim 6.12 Divri i Retrieved from im.com/divrigigr eatmosque.asp Resim 6.13 Cappadocia Courtesy of Ali MERÇ Resim 6.14 Interior of Elmal Church in Göreme Retrieved from ogle.com.tr/sea rch

130 122 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Historic Areas of Istanbul Resim 6.15 Resim 6.16 St. Sofia Retrieved from ogle.com.tr/ imgres Sultan Ahmet Mosque and St. Sofia at night Retrieved from com.tr/imgres Inscribed: 1985 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (1) (2) (3) (4) Category: Urban landscape, Urban continuity The Historic Areas of Istanbul hold unique monuments from the Byzantine and Ottoman civilizations. Istanbul s history is a very long one: already in 395 (then named Constantinopel) the city was made capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. The Hagia Sophia dates from this Christian era: it was constructed by Emperor Justinianus. The Blue Mosque is located just across the street from the Hagia Sophia. It was built during the 17th century. On the outside are the 6 minarets as its main characteristics. Inside it is decorated with blue tiles and numerous carpets. Resim 6.17 Lion Gate to Hattusha Retrieved from skunsthalle.de/ausst ellungen/hethiter/p/ loewentor.jpg Resim 6.18 Aerial view of Hattusha Retrieved from 012/09/ empires-of-hittiteshurrians-andmiddle.html Hattusha: The Hittite Capital Inscribed: 1986 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (1) (2) (3) (4) Category: Archaeological site, Near Eastern Hattusha is the old capital of the Hittites, people that lived during the period of the Egyptian pharaohs. Its heydays were from 1375 to 1200 BC. The archaeological site of Hattusha is notable for its urban organization, the types of construction that have been preserved (temples, royal residences, fortifications), the rich ornamentation of the Lions Gate and the Royal Gate. The Hittites built their capital on a site that could be well defended. It was surrounded by a wall, to fortify it even more. The wall was decorated with two gates, the Kings Gate in the southeast and the Lions Gate in the southwest

131 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 123 Mount Nemrut Inscribed: 1987 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (1) (3) (4) Category: Archaeological site, Near Eastern Mount Nemrut comprises the Hellenistic mausoleum of Antiochus. In the first century BC, the Roman-Persian king Antiochus I of Commagene (a kingdom north of Syria and the Euphrates) ordered a grave and temples to be built on this site. On two sides of the mountaintop terraces were set up for meters high statues of the gods and himself. The statues represent Apollo, Fortuna, Heracles and Zeus. The heads of the statues have fallen down in the course of years, and have been erected again on the place they fell. They are all about 2 meters high. It is suspected that the grave of Antiochus himself is hidden under the mountaintop, beneath a heavy layer of debris. Xanthos-Letoon Resim 6.19 Mount Nemrut Retrieved from com/trtr/urlaubsbilder.html ~picid=617 Resim 6.20 Resim 6.21 Xanthos-Letoon Retrieved from le.com.tr/imgres The Temple at Xaanthos Letoon /imgres Inscribed: 1988 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (2) (3) Category: Archaeological site, Classical (other) Xanthos-Letoon is an archeological site consisting of two separate locations that represent the Lycian civilization. Their art work is well known. Some of the monumental tombs that were taken to the British Museum, the most famous being the Nereid Monument, the Harpy Monument and the Payava Sarcophagus. Xanthos was the name of a city in ancient Lycia. It was a center of culture and commerce for the Lycians. The archeological excavations at Xanthos have yielded many texts in Lycian and Greek, including several bilingual texts that are useful in the decipherment of Lycian. The sanctuary of Leto called the Letoon near Xanthos, was one of the most important religious centers of the Lycian region. The foundations of the Hellenistic temple dedicated to Leto, and her children, Artemis and Apollo, have been excavated. Archaeologists have excavated much of the ruins; discoveries include the Letoon trilingual, bearing inscriptions in Greek, Lycian and Aramaic, which has provided crucial keys in the deciphering of the Lycian language.

132 124 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 6.22 Archaeological Site of Troy Ruins in Troy Retrieved from duk.com/index.php /tag/truva/ Resim 6.23 The Trojan Horse Retrieved from tours.com/turkey_ heritagelist.html Resim 6.24 Inscribed: 1998 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (2) (3) (6) Category: Archaeological site, Ancient Greece The Archaeological Site of Troy is the traditional location of Homeric Troy. In the 1870s Heinrich Schliemann, excavated the area. Later excavations revealed several cities built in succession to each other successfully. One of the earlier cities (Troy VII) is often identified with Homeric Troy. Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Epic Cycle, and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer. The Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük Çatalhöyük Excavation Retrieved from esaglik.com/forum/ turizm-gezi-dogave-sehir-rehberi

133 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 125 Inscribed: 2012 Cultural Heritage Criteria: (2) (3) (4) Category: Archaeological site, Prehistoric The Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük consists of two tells with remains from the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods. This was a large settlement, and the sites were permanently inhabited. Mud-brick houses have been found as well as wall paintings and other decorations. Burials were mostly beneath house floors. The site dates mainly from 7,400-5,500 BC. A wealth of goods and tools were excavated here, including stamp seals. The settlement was first excavated between 1961 and It has a unique level of preservation for a site of this age. The findings from the excavations are on exhibit in Ankara Anatolian Civilizaitons Museum. (See picture 6.24 and 6.25) Resim 6.25 Resim 6.26 Deer Hunt Paintings Retrieved from ralanatolia8.asp Mother Goddess Retrieved from cumra/genel/catalhoyuk. html

134 126 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Vocabulary - Sözcükler aesthetic: pertaining to a sense of the beautiful aggression: any offensive action, attack, or procedure artifact: a handmade object, as a tool, or the remains of one, as a shard of pottery, characteristic of an earlier time or cultural stage, especially such an object found at an archaeological excavation attribute: to regard as resulting from a specified cause; consider as caused by something indicated authenticity: the quality of being real or true buffer zone: an area intended to separate two armies that are fighting candidate: a person or thing considered likely to receive or experience something caravan: a group of people with vehicles or animals who travel together for safety through a dangerous area, especially across a desert on camels cascade: a small waterfall, often one of a group cityscape: a view of a city, especially a large urban center coastal: situated on, or relating to the coast commercial: related to buying and selling things commission: to formally choose someone to do a special piece of work commit: to do something illegal or something that is considered wrong complex: involving a lot of different but related parts conservation: the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity constitute: to be or be considered as something construction: the work of building or making something, especially buildings, bridges, etc. convention: a large formal meeting of people who do a particular job or have a similar interest, or a large meeting for a political party courtyard: an area of flat ground outside which is partly or completely surrounded by the walls of a building covered bazaar: an area of small shops and people selling things, especially in the Middle East and South Asia crucial: extremely important or necessary debris: broken or torn pieces of something larger decipher: to discover the meaning of something written badly or in a difficult or hidden way description: something that tells you what something or someone is like determine: to make a strong decision disappear: If people or things disappear, they go somewhere where they cannot be seen or found diversity: when many different types of things or people are included in something dome: a rounded roof on a building or a room, or a building with such a roof dotted: a line of dots erect: to build a building, wall or other structure eroded: slowly reduced or destroyed excavate: to remove earth that is covering very old objects buried in the ground in order to discover things about the past exceptional: much greater than usual, especially in skill, intelligence, quality, etc fault: a mistake, especially something for which you are to blame floral: made of flowers, or decorated with pictures of flowers found: to bring something into existence genius: very great and rare natural ability or skill, especially in a particular area such as science or art, or a person who has this healing center: an institution or building for making or becoming well again, especially after a cut or other injury heritage: features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such as traditions, languages or buildings, which still exist from the past and which have a historical importance heyday: the most successful or popular period of someone or something hidden: a secret reason for doing something humanity: people in general identification: when you recognize and can name someone or something illustrate: to show the meaning or truth of something more clearly, especially by giving examples implementation: to put a plan or system into operation influence: the power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this inhabit: to live in a place inscribe: to write words in a book inscription: words that are written or cut in something

135 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 127 inspire: to make someone feel that they want to do something and can do it insufficient: not enough integrity: the state of being whole, entire, or undiminished: interaction: reciprocal action, effect, or influence. interchange: an exchange, especially of ideas or information, between different people or groups inventory: a detailed list of all the things in a place irreversible: not possible to change; impossible to return to a previous condition landscape: a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance lava: hot liquid rock which comes out of the Earth through a volcano, or the solid rock formed when it cools layer: a level of material, such as a type of rock or gas, which is different from the material above or below it, or a thin sheet of a substance legendary: very famous and admired or spoken about location: a place or position marine: related to the sea or sea transport masterpiece: a work of art such as a painting, film or book which is done or made with great skill, and is often a person's greatest work minaret: a tall thin tower on or near a mosque (= Muslim holy building) from which Muslims are called to pray monument: an old building or place which is an important part of a country's history nominate: to officially suggest someone for an election, job, position or honor nomination: an official suggestion of someone to do something on-going: continuing ornamentation: decoration outstanding: excellent; clearly very much better than what is usual permanent: lasting for a long time or forever postpone: to delay an event and plan or decide that it should happen at a later date or time precisely: exactly preservation: when you keep something the same or prevent it from being damaged property: a building or area of land, or both together protection: the act of protecting or state of being protected rank: to have a position higher or lower than others, or to be considered to have such a position recognition: If you are given recognition, people show admiration and respect for your achievements recommendation: advice telling someone what the best thing to do is represent: to speak, act or be present officially for another person or people representative: someone who speaks or does something officially for another person or group of people reprisal: an activity against another person, especially as a punishment by military forces or a political group route: a particular way or direction between places seal: an official mark on a document, sometimes made with wax, which shows that it is legal or has been officially approved significance: importance significant: important spiritual: relating to deep feelings and beliefs, especially religious beliefs strengthen: to make something stronger or more effective, or to become stronger or more effective superior: better than average or better than other people or things of the same type tangibly: in a real or not imaginary way tentative: not certain or agreed terrestrial: relating to the planet Earth testimony: spoken or written statements that something is true, especially those given in a court of law tile: a thin, usually square or rectangular, piece of baked clay, plastic, etc. used for covering roofs, floors, walls, etc unique: being the only existing one of its type or, more generally, unusual or special in some way value: the importance or worth of something for someone vicinity: the immediately surrounding area vulnerable: able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced or attacked worship: to have or show a strong feeling of respect and admiration for God, often through praying or singing yield: to supply or produce something positive such as a profit, an amount of food or information zone: an area, especially one which is different from the areas around it because it has different characteristics or is used for different purposes

136 128 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. Which of the below is a World Heritage Site in Turkey? a. Archaeological Site of Aphrodisias b. Archaeological Site of Perge c. Archaeological Site of Zeugma d. Archaeological Site of Troy e. Archaeological Site of Sagalassos 2. Which city in Turkey does NOT have a World Heritage Site? a. Denizli b. stanbul c. Konya d. Çanakkale e. Ankara 3. The word site in World Heritage Sites can be replaced by. a. location b. apartment c. institution d. problem e. page 4. Which statement is wrong about Selimiye Mosque and its complex. a. They are not in stanbul b. They are from Ottomans c. They are not original d. They are in the World Heritage list e. They have historical value 5. The City of Safranbolu. a. is in Zonguldak b. was in the World Heritage list in 1993 c. includes many houses d. has two different cities e. was far from the Caravan route 6. Which one is correct? a. One of the people which I admire is Dr. Zoro. b. Football is the only sport I am interested in it. c. My best friend, Osman, who always helps me with my homework. d. It is important to be kind to ladies who work in your office. e. She works at a building is forbidden to enter. 7. There is only one teacher in this school always wants to improve students level of proficiency in English. a. that b. who c. which d. whose e. of which 8. This city has two main archeological sites, the names are Hüyük and Ören. a. that b. of which c. which d. whose e. where 9. The museum we visited yesterday was excellent. a. Ø b. who c. whom d. whose e. of which 10. Which of the following is a statement by an interviewee rather than an interviewer? a. What is special about this place? b. I see. c. So, you recommend it, do you? d. Where is it? e. It s my pleasure to inform you.

137 6. Ünite - World Heritage Sites in Turkey 129 Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer Key To It s Your Turn 1 1. UNESCO defines cultural heritage as the monuments, groups of buildings and sites with historical, aesthetic, archaeological, scientific, ethnological or anthropological value 2. November 16 th, e 4. b 5. Geneva Convention prohibits a) any acts of aggression directed against the historic monuments, works of art or places of worship which constitute the cultural or spiritual heritage of people; b) to use such objects in support of the military effort. Answer Key to It s Your Turn 2 1. There are 11 sites. Nine of them are cultural, two of them are mixed. 2. d 3. There are three sites that were added to the World Heritage List first in They are Historic Areas of stanbul; Göreme National Park and Rock Sites of Cappadocia; Great Mosque and Hospital of Divri i 4. The latest addition to the list is Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük in Appropriate management plans with effective implementation are needed. Answer Key to It s Your Turn 3 1. site 2. heritage 3. administered 4. ratified 5. adopted 6. representing 7. prohibited 8. convention 9. adjoining Answer Key to It s Your Turn 4 Possible Answers: (1) Good morning, Mr. Pamuk. Thank you very much to accept to talk to us. (2) Where is Pamukkale?/Can you give us a description of the location of Pamukkale? (3) What does Pamukkale mean? (4) It reflects its name. (5) Can you give information about a brief history of this site? (6) Let s talk about Hierapolis first. What makes this site special? (7) What abut Pamukkale? (8) When was this site taken to World Heritage list? (9) It must be one of the earliest ones in Turkey. Am I right? (10) Which criteria were applied to Hierapolis- Pamukkale? (11) What else?/any other? (12) Any other?/what else? (13) Is this the natural criterion? (14) Is the site protected well? (15) Finally, what would you like to say tour readers? (16) Thank you very much. Answer Key to It s Your Turn 5 1. It was Ali who made the arrangements for the boat tour in Porsuk River. 2. Mihrimah Sultan Camii, which is a well-situated building, was completed in It was fienay whose bag got lost at the museum. 4. Is that the new station for the tour buses about which the guide gave detailed information this morning? 6. The Korean tourists, whose names were not written in the guest list, were all very angry. 7. This is the bellboy to whom I gave money when I checked in. 8. brahim Pasha was the Grand Vizier of Süleyman the Magnificent who executed him in The remains of Romans in this site for which such a lot has been written should not be missed. 10. The problem about which you were really concerned yesterday has been solved by the tour guide.

138 130 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii References - Kaynaklar Answer Key to It s Your Turn 6 1. Sentence 1: A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city). Sentence 2: The place is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance. 2. Sentence 1: The committee is composed of 21 states parties. Sentence 2: These parties are elected by their General Assembly. 3. Sentence 1: According to the UNESCO World Heritage website, States Parties are countries. Sentence 2: These countries signed and ratified The World Heritage Convention. 4. Sentence 1: The program was founded with the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Sentence 2: The Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage was adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO on 16 November Sentence 1: World Heritage is perhaps the most significant recognition. Sentence 2: It can be given to the natural and/or cultural value of a site. 6. Sentence 1: Turkey has 37 other properties. Sentence 2: These properties are in the Tentative List dio/studyguides/pdfs/langmedia.pdf Schrampfer Azar, B. (1999). Understanding and Using English Grammar. 3rd edition, NY: Pearson Education. Somuncu, M. & Yi it, T. (2010). World Heritage Sites in Turkey: Current Status and Problems of Conservation and Management. Co rafi Bilimler Dergisi, 8(1), Retrieved on November 2, 2012 from Answer Key to Let Us Test Ourselves 1. d 2. e 3. a 4. c 5. c 6. d 7. b 8. b 9. a 10. e

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140 7TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Türk kültürünün temel özelliklerini Kültürümüzün yap tafllar n aç klayabilecek bilgilere sahip olacaks n z. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Terms Turkish Culture Calligraphy Marbling Turkish Cuisine Turkish Music Turkish Baths çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii A General Outlook to Turkish Culture LET US READ A LOOK AT LANGUAGE USEFUL INFORMATION- FAYDALI B LG LER

141 A General Outlook to Turkish Culture Dünyan n en eski yerleflim bölgelerinden biri olan Anadolu, binlerce y ll k geçmifli ve tarih boyunca topraklar nda kurulmufl olan farkl medeniyetlerin etkisiyle farkl l klar n birlefliminden oluflan kültürel zenginli e sahiptir. Türkiye nin kültürel yap s da bu zenginli in yans mas d r. Bu nedenle Türk kültürü dendi i zaman pek çok farkl ögeden ve özellikten söz etmek gerekir. Bu bölümde ülkemiz kültürü hakk nda sizlere yard mc olaca n düflündü ümüz k sa bilgiler aktarmaya çal fl yoruz. LET US READ Reading 1 Turkish Music Üzerinde duraca m z ilk konu müzik: Türk Sanat Müzi i, Türk Halk Müzi i; Askeri Müzik ve Türk Pop Müzi i. Resim 7.1 Resim 7.2 Ud Kanun Classical Turkish Musical Instruments Retrieved from Turkey s cultural fabric is made up of a rich combination of diverse cultures rooted deeply in history. By virtue of its geographical position, Turkey lies at the axis of the cultures of the East, the West, the Middle Eastern, the Mediterranean

142 134 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii and Islam. Anatolia is one of the world s oldest human habitats - hosts of civilizations have called it home - and it enjoys a unique cultural richness with its thousands of years of history. Anatolia s cultural variety is so rich that we can see great cultural differences even in areas geographically quite close to each other. This colorful portrait holds just as true for Turkey s music. There are several types of Turkish music. A) Turkish Classical Music or Turkish Art Music; B) Turkish Classical Music (in the western tradition); C) Turkish Folk Music; D) Turkish Military Music; E) Turkish Pop Music. Turkish Classical Music or Turkish Art Music Turkish music has passed through many stages along its journey from the depths of history to the present day. Within the Ottoman Empire, a musical culture developed among the urban ruling class, who lived separately from the common people. This musical culture was a high tradition, nourished by divan literature. The mystical orders of Islam that existed within Ottoman culture also contributed to the development of this music. This urban upper-class music developed and from the 16th century on produced musical masterpieces, becoming one of the greatest musical cultures of its period. This music is known today as Turkish Classical Music or Turkish Art Music. Turkish Art Music or Turkish Classical Music survives today as one of the major art music of the non-western World. It is also among the most structurally intact of all the art music of the core Islamic World. Turkish art music can be considered within the makam music that is common from Central Asia to the entire Mediterranean basin. Turkish music is a monophonic musical tradition founded on the principle of makam. Though the Turkish makams resemble the makam traditions of surrounding cultures, they contain their own unique characters of style and execution. The name makam is the term applied to the whole of rules that describe melodic progression patterns (seyir) within musical scales. Over four hundred makams exist in Turkish music; however the vast majority of these are no longer in use today. Basit (simple) makams, Sed (transposed) makams and Birlesik (compound) makams. To name a few: Basit Makams: Hicaz, Humayun, Uzzal,Zirgüleli Hicaz, Hüseyni, Muhayyer; Transposed and Compound Makams: Nihavend, Kürdili Hicazkar, Hicazkar, Hüzzam, Acem Kürdi. There are numerous composers within this tradition. Some of the notable ones are Itr, Dede Efendi, Hac Arif Bey, fievki Bey, Zekai Dede, Tatyos Efendi of the pre 20th century and Münir Nureddin Selçuk, fierif çli, Selahaddin P nar, Sadettin Kaynak of post 20th century. Turkish Classical Music (in the western tradition) Western influence had already begun to be felt in Ottoman music towards the middle of the 19th century. These increased towards the end of the century, and led to efforts to change Ottoman music from monodic to polyphonic. With the declaration of the republic in 1923, Cemal Reflid (REY), who was then studying music in Europe, returned to Turkey and began to teach at a music school established in Istanbul. At the same time, a number of talented young people were sent by the republic to various cities in Europe to study music. After they returned to Turkey, the group that would later be called Türk Beflleri (the Turkish Five) and which prepared the groundwork for Modern Polyphonic Turkish Music,

143 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 135 emerged. The common aim of the group was to use the traditional themes of traditional Turkish music together with the values of Western classical music that they had studied to produce a new polyphonic structure. The Turkish Five consisted of Cemal Reflit REY, Ulvi Cemal ERK N, Hasan Ferit ALNAR, Ahmet Adnan SAYGUN, and Necil Kaz m AKSES. Later, others produced and are still producing works in the same field, including Ekrem Zeki ÜN, Nevit KODALLI, Ferit TÜZÜN, and Muammer SUN Turkish Folk Music The Turks have lived in Anatolia and Thrace for nearly 2000 years. Along with the musical culture they brought with them from Asia, they have participated in cultural exchange with the local people in these regions. Consequently Turkish folk music in Anatolia displays a special structure comprised of several independent musical regions. As opposed to the Turkish classical music, Turkish folk music shows the local characteristics of the rural population. Its subjects all are the natural and social events experienced by the people. The variety in its musical structure, instruments used, those who perform the music, and their social positions, are direct reflections of the people s lives. Turkish folk music is fed by two main sources: türkü (Turkish folk song) singers and âfl ks. Türkü singers sing the songs that are performed in all sorts of celebrations, special rituals, certain religious gatherings and funerals throughout Anatolia. The musical patterns as well as the lyrics they use are anonymous. The Afl ks (minstrels) are one of the most distinguished and brilliant performers encountered within the Turkish culture. Generally, they sing lyrics and poetry to the accompaniment of the saz. Afl ks are artists that give voice to all of the social events of the societies in which they exist, and write footnotes to history. Resim 7.3 Ba lama Retrieved from com/kanun_tr.html Turkish Military Music The effective use of music in armies and in war is an old custom seen in the history of ancient civilizations. The music used in the Turkish army started three or four centuries B.C. This shows the importance of music in military life. Turkish Military Band was called Mehter. This military band existed during Ottoman Empire for hundreds of years. In 1826, it was abolished and was replaced by new bands modeled on western style. Resim 7.4 Mehter, Ottoman Military Band, Retrieved from logspot.com/2012/ 03/ mehter-muzigi.html

144 136 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Turkish Pop Music Towards the end of 1950s popular music began to take its place in the musical scene in Turkey. Popular western concept was introduced and famous western singers became popular. American style music especially rock n roll became very fashionable. Some young university students began to form rock groups. In the beginning Turkish words for western songs were written and sung by Turkish singers. Later original lyrics were written for Turkish rock and pop songs and they were sung by Turkish singers. The first song of this type is Bak Bir Varm fl Bir Yokmus (Look, once upon a time...) was sung by lham Gencer and his group. In the 60s there was an increased interest in folk culture. Therefore, pop music created out of folk songs became very popular. This national folk type of music was called Anadolu-pop (Anatolia pop). In the 60s original compositions written in Turkish became more popular. Names like Baris Manço and Kurtalan Ekspres, Erkin Koray, Mogollar and Cem Karaca were the new talents in the Turkish music scene in 60s. Among these musicians, Timur Selçuk has a unique place. His compositions were composed to lyrics by master poets. 70s and 80s saw the development of pop music along the Anatolian Pop and western pop. New names appeared on the scene and more popular music groups were formed. Some sang to the folk tunes some to the tunes of the classical Turkish music. Sezen Aksu, Zülfü Livaneli, Modern Folk Üçlüsü, MFÖ are some of the names who are still prominent and productive in Turkish Pop Music today. (Retrieved and adapted from and SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 1 Read the text SIRA on S ZDE Turkish music again and answer the following questions. 1. Who were the audiences of the Turkish Classical Music? ALIfiTIRMALAR 2. What does EXERCISES makam mean? 3. How many UYGULAYIN makams are there? 4. What are the names of the Turkish five? K TAP BOOK 5. What are the subjects of the Turkish Folk Music? NTERNET 6. What are the main sources of Turkish Folk music? 7. What is the ATTENTION name of the Ottoman military band? 8. How did the Turkish Pop Music first develop? AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 9. What does Anadolu Pop mean? 10. Name some of the early pop groups from the 60s.

145 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 137 Reading 2 Ülkemiz kültürü ile ilgili olarak sunaca m z ikinci konu ise baz görsel sanatlar: minyatür, ebru, ve bat anlay fl içindeki resim sanat Resim 7.5 Resim 7.6 Suleyman the Magnificant s Mohac Battle(Hünername) Noah s Arch Retrieved from Miniature Art Miniature is the name given to finely detailed small paintings. Miniature paintings are used to illustrate documents and books. They try to tell the story of the book in detail. Therefore, miniature art is related to books. They sometimes detail war scenes, map or documents; sometimes reflect abstract ideas like heaven and hell or draw daily events in detail like sultan s court, hunting scenes, wedding and circumcision ceremonies. The first examples of Turkish-Ottoman paintings come from the period of Sultan Mehmet II ( ). Sultan Mehmet was patron to the arts. Ottoman miniature painting developed further during Sultan Suleyman the Magnificant s time. Many artists were trained in the palace. The Ottoman miniature style included different styles such as Persian. However, by the eighteenth century the Ottoman painting tradition took new directions and moved in the direction of the Europen painting tradition. This brought an end to the Turkish miniature tradition of thousands of years.

146 138 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Resim 7.7 Resim 7.8 Kaplumba a Terbiyecisi (Bisset, 1994) Osman Hamdi Bey Retrieved from Üsküdar, brahim Çall Retrieved from en-degerli-10-tablosu-foto-galerisi p6.htm#image The art of painting in the western tradition has been developing for the last 150 years in Turkey. Westernization in Turkey was begun by Sultan Mahmud II at the beginning of the nineteenth century, was continued by his sons Abdülmecid ( ) and Abdülaziz ( ). The westernization of Turkish painting accelerated in those years and the Republic years continued these efforts. The first experiments with painting in the western sense were made at military and engineering schools, Mühendishane-i Berri-i Hümayun, and Mekteb-i Fünunu Harbiye, present day Istanbul Technical University and Military Academy respectively. Painting classes taught how to prepare maps and technical drawing. Mahmud II had his own portrait painted and hung on the walls of state offices, and Sultan Abdülaziz was interested in painting and personally painted himself. The first and important Turkish painters, such as Osman Hamdi Bey, fieker Ahmet Pafla, Süleymaniye Seyyit and Halil Pafla, received their education in Paris and Europe. The most important development from the point of view of the art of painting was the establishment of the state school of art towards the end of the century. We know that a private school called the Painting Academy had been opened in Istanbul in 1874 by the artist Guillemet. Students at the school presented their works to the public at an exhibition in However, the first body to offer instruction in contemporary painting in Turkey was the Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi, later known as the Fine Arts Academy and the present day Mimar Sinan University, which opened on March 1, Painter and museum expert Osman Hamdi Bey had been brought in to head the school the previous year, and it was written that the school would be offering courses in painting, carving, architecture and engraving. Training in painting henceforth tended to move to such new schools away from the military academies. Following the establishment of the Republic, work in the field of painting was encouraged. The Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi was turned into the Fine Arts Academy in The bringing in of instructors from Western countries, and the sending of Turkish students abroad, continued during this period. Among the artists who graduated from the Fine Arts Academy in the early years of the Republic were such figures as fieref Akdik, Refik Epikman, Mahmut Fehmi Cûda, Ali Avni Çelebi, Zeki Kocamemi and Turgut Zaim.

147 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 139 From the 1950s on, a wide variety of artistic trends, movements and ideas can be seen. Artists influenced by these different trends produced various works, though none was able to establish superiority over the others. Malik Aksel came to be known for his research in the field of popular science. Turgut Zaim established his own style with his landscapes. Bedri Rahman Eyübo lu produced works inspired by handcrafts. Dabri Berkel is prominent in the field of abstract art. brahim Balaban is a self-taught artist inspired by the poet Naz m Hikmet. Fikret Mualla, who worked in Paris, proved himself in the international arena. Neflet Günal is known for his realistic depictions of people in rural areas. Adnan Çoker turned in the direction of abstract art, and Salih Acar was heavily influenced by nature. Recently, artists such as Mehmet Pesen, Kay han Keskinok, Nedim Günsür, Fahir Aksoy, fiadan Bezeyifl, Nuri Abaç, Mustafa Asl er, Turan Erol, Orhan Peker, Ruzin Gerçin, Ömer Uluç, Özdemir Altan, Dinçer Erimez, Mehmet Güleryüz, Devrim Erbil and Altan Gürman, as well as members of a later generat on such as Nefle Erdok, Oya Kato lu, Mustafa Pilevneli, Süleyman Saim Tekcan, Burhan Uygur, Ergin nan, Gürkan Coflkun (known as Komet ), Gülsüm Karamustafa and Balkan Naci slimyeli have all made a name for themselves. Another artist well known abroad for his forward-looking works is Bedri Baykam, from a younger generation still. Marbling (Ebru) Marbling is the art of creating colorful patterns by sprinkling and brushing color pigments on a pan of oily water and then transforming this pattern to paper. Marbled paper, called ebru in Turkish, was used generally in the binding of books. However, Seljuk and Ottoman calligraphers and artists used marbling to decorate books, imperial decrees, official correspondence and documents. New forms and techniques were created and turned into perfection. The variations of ebru developed in time were called gelgit, tarakl, hatip, bülbül yuvas, çiçekli (respectively come-and-go, combed, orator, nightingale s nest, flowery). Turkey remained the center of marbling for many centuries. After the 1550s, booklovers in Europe prized ebru, which came to be known as Turkish papers. There is agreement amongst scholars that the so-called Turkish Papers played a colourful influence on the book arts in Europe. Resim 7.9 Orator Retrieved from ulture.org/fineart/visual-arts/ marbling/turkish- marbling-ebru- 564.htm?type=1 Resim Creating Ebru paper Retrieved from ordpress.com/calis malarim/ebrusanati

148 140 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Retrieved and adapted from SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 2 Decide whether SIRA S ZDE the following sentences are True or False according to the passage Turkish Painting. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES Sentence True False 1. Miniature UYGULAYIN paintings are used on walls or doors. 2. Ottoman paintings started to develop during Sultan Mehmet II s time and developed further during Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent s time. K TAP 3. Taking new BOOK directions towards Persian painting tradition brought an end to the Turkish miniature tradition. 4. NTERNET The first experiments of Turkish painting in the Western sense began during the Turkish Republic era. 5. Preparing maps and making technical drawing in military schools also ATTENTION served as training for free drawing. 6. During the AMAÇLARIMIZ Ottoman Period, instructors were brought in from the West but OBJECTIVES no Turkish students were sent to Western countries. 7. Sultan Abdülaziz was one of the Turkish painters in the 19th century. 8. Guillemet s Painting Academy was one of many painting schools during 1870s. 9. The roots of today s Mimar Sinan University goes back to Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi in 1880s. 10. Famous painter Osman Hamdi Bey was also one of the first painting instructors in Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi. 11. The Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi had been turned into the Fine Arts Academy before the establishment of Turkish Republic. 12. Bringing in painting instructors from Western countries stopped after the establishment of Turkish Republic. 13. brahim Balaban was a famous painting instructor who trained Naz m Hikmet and many other painters. 14. Marbling was generally used in the binding of books. 15. There are many variations of marbling with different names. 16. Marbling was not known in Europe until the 19 th century. Reading 3 Bu bölümde dünyan n say l mutfaklar ndan olan Türk mutfa hakk nda k sa bilgiler sunuyoruz. Konunun ne kadar genifl bir yelpazede yer ald n söylememize gerek yok. Bizler yaln zca baz temel kavramlar size aktarmay deniyoruz. Türk Mutfa yüzy llar boyu dünya mutfaklar aras ndaki lezzet yar fl nda önde gelen mutfaklardand r. Türk mutfa n n çok yönlü yap s, çeflitli kültürlerle içi içe geçmesi onu zengin yapan özelliklerdendir. Türkiye nin her yöresinin kendisine özgü mutfa olmas da bu zenginli i artt rmaktad r.

149 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture Turkish Cuisine When one talks about the Turkish cuisine, the term should be understood as the totality of foods and beverages which provide nutrition to the people living in Turkey, the ways of preparing and preserving them; techniques, equipment and utensils required for this, eating manners and all the practices and beliefs which are developed around this cuisine. With a long history, the Turks have a rich culinary culture. Turkish Cuisine basically consists of dishes prepared with cereals, vegetables with meat, soups, cold dishes cooked with olive oil, böreks (pastry filled with different filling) and of course desserts made with either with milk or pastry based. One also must remember that bread is one of the key nutriants in the Turkish cuisine. Turkish cuisine also has some very unique foods such as pekmez, yogurt, bulgur etc. In Turkey, eating habits vary from region to region. These habits also show differences from urban to rural areas. To give a few examples of this culinary wealth: in the Black Sea region alone there are over twenty different dishes incorporating corn. Also in the Black Sea region there many different ways of preparing hamsi, a sardine-like fish. In Kayseri, there are different varieties of past rma, the ancestor of the pastrami of the west. They say that there are twenty varieties of past rma with different character and flavor such as S rt, kuflgömü, kenar mehle, e rice, omuz, dilme, flekerpare to name a few. There are also a great variety of eggplant dishes, salads and types of kebab (roast meats). B ld rc n kebab, çevirme kebab, kuzu çevirme, çöp kebab, çubuk kebab, flifl kebab, deri kebab, pideli kebap, Adana kebap, saç kebab, tas kebab and tand r kebab are just a few of the many examples. The reader also must remember that it was Turkish cuisine who gave the world the Turkish coffee and Turkish delight. We will talk about them in the Useful Information section of this unit. In short, Turkish Cuisine, while rich in variety and taste-bud friendly, also contains examples which could provide a source for healthy and balanced diets and vegetarian cuisines. Retrieved and adapted from Answer the following questions according to the passage Turkish SIRA S ZDE Cuisine. 1. What does the term Turkish Cuisine mean?... ALIfiTIRMALAR... EXERCISES... UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET Resim 7.11 Turkish Cuisine Retrieved from general/linkstr.html. 3 K TAP BOOK 141 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN NTERNET

150 142 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 2. What does Turkish Cuisine consist of in general? What does the author say about eating habits in Turkey? Is taste the only important characteristic of Turkish Cuisine? Reading 4 Türk yaflam tarz n n en önemli ögelerinden birisi olarak kabul edebilece imiz hamam gelene ini aktarmaya çal fl yoruz. Life Style Turkey represents the cultural synthesis of many civilizations that can be observed in the rich social structure of Turkey. Turkey considers itself both European and Asian, and cherishes this diversity as an asset. Turkey can be regarded as a cultural bridge between the East and the West. Resim 7.12 Çemberlitafl Bath, stanbul Retrieved from com/iller/istanbul/ gezi/tarihi.ht Turkish Baths Turks used steam baths called manchu in their homeland of Central Asia. Later when they moved into Anatolia they brought their bathing tradition with them. Then, they combined the Roman bath culture with their own. This new synthesis is the Turkish Bath. Baths were used by everyone. Men and women came to bathe at separate times. Bathing was and still is in some places part of social life especially for women. They celebrated important occasions at the baths, for example: the bridal bath ceremony, which was held one day before wedding festivities commenced; the forty-day bath, which marked the fortieth day following the birth of a child. So baths carried their own traditions. The bathing accessories used by women are works of art today, and an indication to us of how rich Turkish bath culture was. To give few examples; every family had a pair of bath bowls,

151 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 143 the larger one for the men, the smaller for the women. They were made of silver or bronze or copper, decorated with reliefs, inlays or fish. There were also soap dishes, combs and rubbing and lathering mitts. However, one of the most significant bath accessories were/are the bath clogs. The bath clogs that were worn on the feet were carved out of wood in special shapes. They were decorated using various techniques. Being quite high off the floor, they ensured that the bather s feet never came into contact with the soapy water. Since they were made of wood, they also ensured that the bather did not slip and fell while bathing. Of course one of the most significant outcomes of this bathing tradition is the soft and sought after Turkish bath towels. Resim 7.13 Resim 7.14 Bathing cloth and clogs Retrieved from Pestemal-tahta-takunya-hamam-ve-Bursa Gold Bath Bowl Retrieved from tas1a.jpg SIRA S ZDE Decide whether the following sentences are True or False YOUR according TURN to the passage Turkish Baths. ALIfiTIRMALAR Sentence EXERCISES True False 1. Turkish bath culture started during Ottoman time. UYGULAYIN 2. Turkish bath culture in Anatolia was a combination of Turkish and Roman bath cultures. 3. Bathing was used not only for cleaning purposes but also for social purposes. 4. The beauty of bathing accessories indicate the richness of Turkish bath culture. 5. Bath clogs were designed to help bathers soak their feet in soapy water. A LOOK AT LANGUAGE K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION Bu bölümde kültür ve tarih konular ndan bahsederken çokça AMAÇLARIMIZ kulland m z geçmifl zaman ile ilgili bilgiler ve al flt rmalar OBJECTIVES sunuyoruz. 4 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

152 AMAÇLARIMIZ AMAÇLARIMIZ 144 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Past Simple We use Past Simple for talking about actions that happened in the past. Very often verbs in the past simple end with -ed (regular verbs). - I work in a coffee shop now. Before that I worked in a grocery store. - We decided to throw a big party for Jason s birthday and we invited many people. - I passed all those difficult exams because I studied very hard. - Last night a police officer stopped our car and asked for my driver s license. There are many words that are irregular. The past simple does not end in -ed. - go - went... I went to Bodrum last summer. - see - saw... Last night I saw Michael at the theater. - write - wrote... Last year Prof. Sunshine wrote more than twenty articles. In questions we use did + infinitive. - Did you enjoy the party last night? - Did Mr. Brown go to the game last weekend. - Did the students study for the exam yesterday? In negatives we use didn t + infinitive. - We didn t enjoy the party last night. - Mr. Brown didn t go to the game last weekend. - The students didn t study for the exams yesterday. The past of be (am/is/are) is was/were. was is used with I/he/she/it were is used with we/you/they - The teacher was angry because the students were late. - The time was over but the students were still working on the project. - We were very tired after a long practice. Past Continuous We use Past Continuous to say that somebody was in the middle of doing something at a certain time in the past. We use was/were + -ing for Past Continuous. - This time last year I was preparing for the university entrance exam. - We were waiting for a bus when a truck driver offered us a ride. - I was watching television when the door bell rang. - She was talking on the phone when she saw her teacher. - They were cooking dinner when their friends invited them for a party. SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION 5 Complete the SIRA following S ZDE sentences by putting the verbs in parentheses into correct from. Use Past Simple and/or Past Continuous. (Adapted from ALIfiTIRMALAR Tuzer, F. (2004). Proficiency File. Ankara: Pelikan.) EXERCISES 1. While Jason... (wait) outside the Metropol cinema, Mary... UYGULAYIN (wait) in front of Moviepol. 2. I was late as usual so when I... (get) to work everyone else... (work). K TAP 3. An interesting BOOKincident... (happen) in class yesterday while I... (teach). NTERNET ATTENTION

153 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture When I... (leave) London, it... (rain) heavily. 5. I... (not hear) a thing because I... (talk) on the phone when the burglar... (break) in. 6. The old man... (pray) silently in his bed when the whole family... (gather) around him in the huge bedroom. 7. The weather... (be) beautiful yesterday when we... (go) for a walk. The sun... (shine) and a gentle wind... (blow) through the trees. 8. Jim... (climb) the stairs when he... (fall) down. Luckily he... (not hurt) himself. 9. I... (enjoy) my vacation in Hawaii last year. While it... (snow) in Turkey, the sun... (shine) in Hawaii. 10. When the government... (decide) to start a food program, many people in Africa... (starve) due to several years of drought. Past Perfect Sometimes we talk about something that happened in the past. - Michael arrived at school. If want to talk about something that happened before this time, we use the past perfect. - The teacher had already started the class when Michael arrived at aschool. We use had/hadn t + past participle for Past Perfect. - When we got home last night, we saw that somebody had broken into our house. - I didn t want to go the cinema with my friends because I had already seen that movie. - Jim wasn t at the party when we arrived. He had gone home. - Had he already left home when you arrived? - He hadn t finished her lunch when we arrived to pick her up for the airport. SIRA S ZDE Complete the following sentences by putting the verbs in parentheses into correct form. Use Past Simple and/or Past Perfect. (Adapted from Tuzer, F. (2004). Proficiency File. Ankara: Pelikan.) ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 1. When we... (arrive) at the party, most of the guests... (leave). UYGULAYIN 2. I... (not see) my best high school friend for LET S almost TH NK five years so I... (not recognize) her when we... (meet). 3. Before they... (cook) the meal, they... K TAP (go) out to buy some groceries. BOOK 4. People at home... (finish) all the food before we... (get) home. NTERNET 5. When I... (send) an to the company, I... (not receive) the products I ordered two weeks earlier. 6. Mary... (be) late for work yesterday. When ATTENTION she came we learned that her car... (break) down on the way to work. 7. I... (know) all the details of the crime because AMAÇLARIMIZ I... OBJECTIVES (see) it on TV the previous night. 6 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

154 146 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 8. We... (agree) that he was the best cook among us because he... (cook) wonderful Chinese food at the last party. 9. I... (get) out of the bathroom when the telephone... (ring). 10. Dinosaurs... (become) extinct by the time the first man... (appear) on earth. USEFUL INFORMATION- FAYDALI B LG LER Bu bölümde sizlere okuma parçalar nda yer veremedi imiz baz konular aktar yoruz. Resim 7.15 Yaprak Hat, Retrieved from ulture.org/ fine-art/graphicarts/calligraphy/ calligraphy- 115.htm?type=1. Resim 7.16 Turkish Coffee Retrieved from turk_ kahvesinin_tarifit html Adopted from ulture.org/ culinaryarts/ turkish-coffee- 52.htm Calligraphy (Hat) The Turkish word for calligraphy (hat) means line or way. Turkish calligraphy is a unique artistic creation. Ottomans adopted it and made it an art form over a five hundred year period. In essence, Husn-i Hat (beautiful caligraphy) comprises lines inscribed with reed pens on paper using ink made from soot. Turkish calligraphist used various widths and sizes in composing the Arabic letters used by the Ottomans. Many introduced major changes in the traditional seven writing styles and put the mark of the Turkish national character on Islamic writing. Turkish Coffee From the days of the Ottoman Empire to the present, coffee has played an important role in Turkish lifestyle and culture. The serving and drinking of coffee has had a profound effect on political and social interactions and hospitality traditions throughout the centuries. Coffee was first brought to Istanbul in 1555 by two Syrian traders. By the mid-16th century, Turkish coffee became part of elaborate ceremonies involving the Ottoman court. For both men and women, coffee has been at the center of political and social interaction. During the Ottoman period, and in present day Turkey, women socialized with each other over coffee and sweets. Men socialized in coffee houses to discuss politics and to play backgammon. Over the years, Turkish coffee houses have become social institutions providing a place to meet and talk. Today, Turkish coffee houses continue their role in society as a meeting place for both the cultured citizen and the inquisitive traveler. Istanbul offers many new and delightful caferestaurants where friends and family meet to discuss topics of the day over a cup of traditional Turkish coffee.

155 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 147 Derived from the Arabica bean, Turkish coffee is a very fine, powder-like grind. Turkish coffee has various levels of sweetness ranging from bitter to very sweet. Turkish coffee is served hot from a special coffee pot called cezve. Rich in tradition and flavor, Turkish coffee remains a favorite today, not only in Turkey, but also among discriminating coffee drinkers around the world. Turkish Delight Turkish delight or as Turks call it Lokum is a favorite confection in Turkey. The recipe for lokum was first invented by Hac Bekir, the court confectioner for the sultan who was tired of hard candy. Hac Bekir s confectionary shop is still there where one can buy different kinds of lokum. It is made of corn starch, caramelized sugar and cream of tartar. For flavoring rose water, mastic or lemon may be used, and the additions of chopped pistachios, hazelnuts or walnuts make lokum tastier. Lokum is packaged in small bite size cubes with icing sugar to prevent them from sticking. Lokum was introduced to the western world in the 19 th century. There is a rumor that the world Turkish Delight for lokum was first used by an English traveler. In the past, before the packaging industry took over, it was customary to put lokum into silk handkerchiefs. Resim 7.17 Lokum Retrieved from uk.com/gorseller/44 12/1 Musical Instruments of Turkey Ba lama Ba lama is the most commonly used string folk instrument in Turkey. It takes different names according to the regions and according to its size such as Baglama, Divan Sazi, Bozuk, Çö ür, Kopuz Irizva, Cura, Tambura, etc. Cura is the smallest member of the baglama family with the highest pitched sound. The member one size bigger than cura which gives a sound that is one octave lower than cura is the tambura. And the one with the deepest sound is the Divan sazi whose sound is one octave lower compared to tambura. Baglama has three main parts called Tekne, Gö üs and Sap. Tekne part is generally made from mulberry trees as well as from woods of juniper, beech, spruce or walnut. The gögüs part is made from spruce and the sap section from homespun or juniper. There are pieces called burgu (screw) at the end of the sap which is opposite to tekne part to which the strings are tied. These screws are used for tuning. There are pitches on the sap tied with fish line. Baglama is played with a Mizrap or Tezene made from cherry wood bark or plastic and fingers are used in some regions. The later technique is called Selpe. There are three string groups on Baglama in groups of two or three. These string groups can be tuned in a variety of ways. For example in the tuning style called baglama Düzeni, the strings in the lower group give la, middle group

156 148 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii strings and upper group strings give mi notes. Besides this type of tuning there are Kara Düzen, Misket Düzeni Müstezat, Abdal Düzeni, Rast Düzeni etc. styles. Karadeniz Kemencesi Karadeniz Kemencesi is a bowed Turkish folk instrument. As can be surmised from its name it is an instrument widely used in the Black Sea Region. Its body is made from mulberry, plum and juniper woods. The wooden part of the bow generally rose wood or box wood. Horse hair is tied to the ends of the bow. Kemence is a three-string instrument. While kiris strings from gut used be put on kemences, these days mostly metal strings are used. Kemence is an instrument without pitches and and it is possible to get from it all types of chromatic sounds easily. It is generally played by pressing two strings at the same time and getting parallel quarter notes. It is furthermore played with a special technique which is achieved with wrist movements. Zurna Zurna is a Turkish folk instrument of the wind type. Because of its strong sound it is generally played in the open air, on occasions such as village weddings, sending off the boys to military service, sport encounters, folk dances and similar ceremonial events. It was the first melody instrument of the Mehter teams (Janissaries Band) in the Ottoman period. It was also used in some traditional theater (orta oyunu) performances. It is generally accompanied with a drum. Because of the difficulty of its intonation and its high sound level, it is not used in musical groups. However, in the recent years it started to be used by some folk music groups. Zurna has a sound range of nearly two octaves and has eight melody keys with seven of them on the front and one on the back. The key at the back is so located as to come between the first two notes towards the reed section at the front. The keys are generally round with 6-8mm diameters. The length of the instrument changes between cm and widens out like a funnel starting from the part the melody holes end. This section is called the kalak. At the blowing end there is a thin pipe like rod over which the reed goes. This rod is called Metem. A separate circular piece with a hole in the middle is put over the Metem to help the breathing technique. This piece is called Avurtluk. The most common zurna playing technique is the continuous playing technique where while the air collected in the cave of the mouth is blown out from the reed, inhaling through nostrils occurs simultaneously. There are seven holes besides the melody keys on the kalak section which are smaller in diameter. They are called seytan deligi (devil s hole) or cin deligi (genie s hole). They can be closed with wax or a similar material according to the sound hunting of the player. The instrument which changes between 60 and 30 cm. in length as we have already mentioned is divided into three types according to its sound : Kaba Zurna, Orta Kaba Zurna and Cura Zurna (Zil Zurna). They are generally made from wood of trees such as plums, apricots, walnut, saber etc. Kaval Kaval is a Turkish folk instrument of the wind type. It is known as the instrument of the shepherds. It is also called Guval and Kuval in different regions. The belief that the shepherd leads his sheep flock with his kaval is a wide spread belief among the

157 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 149 people. The word kaval is probably a derivative from the word kav which means hollow on the inside. Its sound range is about octaves. It is widely used instrument in the folk music groups of today and can be used as a solo instrument within an ensemble. Kaval preserves its sound characteristics when played together with other instruments. As kavals are not produced to any defined standards what can be said about its dimensions has to be very general. Its length may vary between 30 cm and 80 cm and its diameter is approximately 1.5 cm. It has 7 melody keys on the front and one underneath. Besides these, there are also 4 other keys at the lower section of the instrument called Seytan Deli i and Hazreti Ali. Kavals are divided into two main types as Dilli Kaval and Dilsiz Kaval and are generally made from the wood of the plum tree. Davul Davul (drum) is the oldest known percussion instrument. It can be in different sizes and is generally used in open spaces on occasions such as weddings, folk dances or different ceremonies. It consists of a circular wooden frame and a hoop made from two skins and covered with skin which is put on the frame with the help of strong strings or leather ribbons. It is played while hung on the shoulder with knitted or leather strap. The skin on one side of the drum is thick while on the other is thinner. The thin one is made from goat, the thick one from sheep skin. The thick skin side is hit with a tokmak and the thin skinned one with a light wooden stick. It is possible to scan or treble with the thin stick. The drum can either be played hung to the shoulder or holding it under the arm and using hands. Davul is especially used during Ramadan to wake people up before beginning the fast. (Retrieved from

158 150 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Vocabulary - Sözcükler English Equivalents of Some Food Names Adaçay : sage Alabal k: trout Anason: anise Bamya: okra Biberiye: rosemary Çinekop: young blue fish Çipura: gilt-head sea bream Defne: bay leaf Dereotu: dill Enginar: artichoke Fesle en: basil Hamsi: anchovy stavrit: horse mackerel Kabak: zucchini, pumpkin Kalkan: turbot Karanfil: clove Karn bahar: cauliflower Kekik: thyme, oregano Kimyon: cumin Kiflnifl: coriander K yma: ground beef Kufl üzümü: currant Kuflkonmaz: asparagus Levrek: sea bass Lüfer: blue fish Maydanoz: parsley, cilantro Mezgit: whiting Muskat: nutmeg Palamut: bonito P rasa: leek Roka: arugula Sardalya: sardine Semiz otu: purslane Susam: sesame Tarç n: cinnamon Tarhun: tarragon Tere: cress Turp: turnip, radish Uskumru: mackerel Zencefil: ginger

159 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 151 Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. Last Friday I... an important exam, so I spent almost all of the week by studying. a. was having b. had c. have had d. had had e. had to 2. When the police officers arrived at the house, the burglars... a. were already going b. already went c. had already gone d. have been going e. were being gone 3. Thomas... his bicycle when his daughter came home with another broken one. a. has had repaired b. had repair c. have repaired d. was repairing e. repaired 4. Jason... with her toy car when his friend Jenny came with her mother. a. was playing b. had played c. playing d. were playing e. has had played 5. I... to the doctor as soon as I felt the pain in my knee. a. was going b. have gone c. had gone d. was gone e. went 6. Which of the following means kuflkonmaz in English? a. Rosemary b. Okra c. Aragula d. Asparagus e. Sage 7. Which of the following means karn bahar in English? a. Cauliflower b. Dill c. Artichoke d. Turbot e. Clove 8. Which of the following means levrek in English? a. Sea bream b. Sea bass c. Mackerel d. Turbot e. Anchovy 9. Which of the following means basil in Turkish? a. Fesle en b. Dill c. Thyme d. Artichoke e. Aragula 10. Which of the following means whiting in Turkish? a. Palamut b. Uskumru c. Istavrit d. Lüfer e. Mezgit

160 152 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer Key for It s Your Turn - S ra Sizde 1 1. The urban ruling class. 2. The rules that describe melodic progression patterns within musical scales. 3. There are over 400 makams although not all of them are used. 4. Cemal Reflit Rey, Ulvi Cemal Erkin, Hasan Ferit Alnar, Ahmet Adnan Saygun, and Necil Kaz m Akses. 5. Turkish Folk music mostly covers the natural and social events experienced by the common people. 6. Türkü singers and afl ks. 7. Mehter 8. At the beginning writing Turkish words to western pop music was very popular. 9. Anadolu Pop means the mixture of western pop music with Turkish folk music. 10. Bar fl Manço and Kurtalan Ekspress and Cem Karac and Mo ollar. Answer Key for It s Your Turn - S ra Sizde 2 Sentence True False 1. * 2. * 3. * 4. * 5. * 6. * 7. * 8. * 9. * 10. * 11. * 12. * 13. * 14. * 15. * 16. * Answer Key for It s Your Turn - S ra Sizde 3 1. Foods and beverages prepared and consumed in Turkey, and all the tools, practices, and beliefs related to those foods and beverages. 2. Sauced cereal dishes Vegetables some meat soups cold dishes cooked with olive oil pastry dishes dishes made from wild vegetation (pekmez, bulgur, etc.) 3. They reflect different tastes of different locations; there are unique eating habits for special occasions, celebrations and ceremonies. 4. No. Foods and beverages of Turkish Cuisine are not only very delicious, but also very healthy.

161 7. Ünite - A General Outlook to Turkish Culture 153 References - Kaynaklar Answer Key for It s Your Turn - S ra Sizde 4 Sentence True False 1. * 2. * 3. * 4. * 5. * Answer Key for It s Your Turn - S ra Sizde 5 1. was waiting / was waiting 2. got / was working 3 happened / was teaching 4. left / was raining 5. was praying / gathered 6. didn t hear / was talking / broke 7. was / went / was shining / was blowing 8. was climbing / fell / didn t hurt 9. enjoyed / was snowing / was shining 10. decided / were starving Answer Key for It s Your Turn - S ra Sizde 6 1. arrived / had (already) left 2. hadn t seen / didn t recognize / met 3. cooked / had gone 4. had finished / got 5. sent / hadn t received 6. was / had broken 7. knew / had seen 8. agreed / had cooked 9. had (just) got / rang 10. had become / appeared Murphy, R. (1994). English Grammar in Use. Cambridge: CUP. Tuzer, F. (2004). Proficiency File. Ankara: Pelikan ulture Answer Key for Let Us Test Ourselves 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. e 6. d 7. a 8. b 9. a 10. e

162 8TUR ZM Ç N NG L ZCE-II Amaçlar m z - Our Aim Bu üniteyi tamamlad ktan sonra; Turizm sektöründe karfl n za ç kabilecek yaz flma türleri hakk nda bilgi sahibi olacak ve ngilizce yaz flma kurallar na göre bu yaz flmalar konusunda bilgi edineceksiniz. Anahtar Kavramlar - Key Terms Correspondence in Tourism Confirmation Letter Reservation Letter Letter of Complaint Formal Letter Types Informal Letter Types Letter of Apology Building a CV çindekiler - Unit Contents Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Correspondence In Tourism LET US READ HOW DO THEY WRITE IT? CONFIRMATION LETTER A LETTER OF APOLOGY A LOOK AT LANGUAGE A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF HOTEL LETTERS HOW WOULD YOU WRITE IT?

163 Correspondence In Tourism Her ifl dal nda oldu u gibi turizmde de yaz flmalar yap l r. Bu ünitemizde farkl yaz flma türlerinden örnekler vermeye çal fl yoruz. Resim 8.1 Courtesy of ipsostock Retrieved from alphotos.net LET US READ lk mektup örne i rezervasyon talebinde bulunan bir flirket mektubu. Requesting Reservation Read the following letter and answer the questions that follow. Resim 8.2 Courtesy of Stuart Miles Retrieved from alphotos.net/images / Retail_and_Sales_ g195-blue_book_ Now_Key_p html

164 156 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii MERCAN fi RKETLER GRUBU Atatürk Caddesi No:298 TEPEBAfiI-ESK fieh R Phone : Fax : [email protected] March 12, 2013 To : Gloria Towers, 3, Queen Street, TRANSYLVANIA Dear Sir/Madam, Our Chief Executive officer, Mr. Mercan will be in Transylvania from 15th to 18th May, Please reserve a double room with single occupancy of executive class on these four days. He will be checking in around a.m. on 15th May. You may kindly forward the bills to us directly for settlement. As in the past, we will send the check within ten days after receipt of your bills. Please allow 10% discount on the room rent as per our agreement. Please confirm the reservation before 20th May. Thank you. Yours faithfully, Mercan fiirketler Grubu Administration Manager ( smail ÖZTURAN) SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 1 1. Who is the SIRA sender S ZDEof the letter? 2. When was ALIfiTIRMALAR the letter sent? EXERCISES 3. Who is the recipient of the letter? UYGULAYIN 4. How does the letter start? K TAP 5. What is the BOOK purpose of the letter? 6. What kind NTERNET of information is given to the recipient in the letter? 7. How does the sender close the letter? ATTENTION 8. What kind of a language is used in the letter? AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

165 HOW DO THEY WRITE? Yukar da örne ini gördü ünüz rezervasyon talep mektup türüne verilebilecek üç farkl yan t örne i veriyoruz. Birinci örnek mektubun yan t olumlu. Bu olumlu yan t kal b n benzer her türlü yaz flmada kullanabilirsiniz. kincisi farkl bir rezarvasyon talebine farkl öneri getiren bir yan t. Üçüncü yaz flma ise yine farkl bir rezervasyon talebi için otelde yer olmad n belirtiyor. E-posta yaz flmalar nda kullan lan kal plar mektup format nda da kullanabillirsiniz. Bu üç mektubu okuyup verilen sorular yan tlamay unutmay n z. CONFIRMATION LETTER Below are three letters written in response to reservation requests made by hotel guests. Read the letters and answer the questions that follow. 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism Resim Courtesy of Stuart Miles Retrieved from alphotos.net/images /Other_Metaphors_ and g307- Yes_No_Maybe_Sig npost_p88339.html Reply 1 GLORIA TOWERS 3, Queen Street, Transylvania March 20, 2013 Re: Mr. Mercan visit Subject: Reservation Dear Mr. Özturan, Thank you for your letter of March 12th informing us about the forthcoming visit of your Chief Executive Officer Mr. Mercan to Acropolis Gloria Towers. We are happy to confirm a double room with single occupancy of executive class at a daily rate of US$ 250 with the requested discount as agreed from May 15 until May 18, We will forward the bill to your company. Mr. Mercan is welcome any time after 10 am on the 15th. We look forward to welcoming Mr. Mercan to Gloria Towers and should there be anything else we can do to make their stay with us pleasant and enjoyable, please feel free to contact us. Sincerely yours, Tracy McCaliff Reservation Staff

166 158 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Reply 2 Dear Mr. Dolu Thank you very much for your enquiry dated May 16th. However, we very much regret that the hotel is fully booked for the week of May 31st - June 6th. There might be some last-minutes cancellations, but we shall not know definitely until the end of next week. If, by then, you have not found the required rooms, perhaps you will care to contact us again, and we shall certainly do our very best to accommodate you. We are very sorry that we cannot be more helpful at the moment. Yours sincerely, Abdel Harrane Reservation Staff Reply 3 Dear Ms... Thank you for your dated April 10th, We are very sorry to hear that your son is ill and hope that he will get better soon. We have, as requested, cancelled the family room reservation for the period of April 23, 24 and 25, Yours sincerely, Sefer A rlar Reservation [email protected] SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 2 1. Which of SIRA the letters S ZDE are sent via and via normal mail? 2. In which letter the reservation is confirmed? ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 3. Which letter is written to confirm a cancellation of reservation? UYGULAYIN 4. What is the LET S aim TH NK of the 2nd letter? 5. Which letter K TAP is the most formal one? Why? BOOK 6. What kind of information is commonly shared by three letters? NTERNET 7. What kind of information is different in these three letters? ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

167 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 159 A LETTER OF APOLOGY Bu bölümde özür mektubu örne i görece iz. Afla daki örne i inceleyip takip eden sorular yan tlay n. Resim 8.4 Courtesy of bigijom Retrieved from alphotos.net/images /Other_Metaphors_ and g307- Sorry_p66484.html ÖZDEM R VILLAS Cumhuriyet Cad. No: 1 Alanya-TÜK YE [email protected] 30th September 2012 Dr. Susan SOVER, 23 Independence Road Rochester, NY Re: Holiday in Alanya Complaint. Dear Ms Sover, Thank you for your letter of 18th September. I was sorry to hear that you were disappointed by the service you received on your holiday. I have investigated your complaint that the villa was not cleaned by the maid on the last two days of your holiday. I have spoken to our representative in Alanya and it seems that the problems were due to the fact that the maid was ill. Unfortunately, we were not able to find a replacement at such short notice. Please accept my sincere apologies. I can assure you that we will take steps to ensure that this does not occur again. As a sign of goodwill, I enclose a brochure for next year and a voucher which entitles you to 10% off the advertised price of any holiday booked before 31st January. Yours sincerely, Kadir Temizel, (Customer Services Manager)

168 160 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 3 Resim 8.5 Formal vs. Informal Retrieved from com/2010/05/decid ing-betweenformal-andinformal.html 1. What is the SIRA purpose S ZDE of the letter? 2. What do ALIfiTIRMALAR you think is the subject of the letter written by the customer on 18th September? EXERCISES 3. Does the UYGULAYIN manager accept the complaints? How do you understand? 4. How does the manager explain the reason for the complaint? K TAP BOOK 5. How does the manager offer as a sign of goodwill? NTERNET 6. Do you think that the customer will be satisfied with this answer? Would you be satisfied with this answer? ATTENTION A LOOK AT LANGUAGE Bu bölümde yaz l dille konuflma dili aras ndaki farkl l klar üzerinde duruyoruz. AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Yaz l dilin daha formal oldu unu hat rlayarak ngilizcede kullan lan kal plara dikkat edin. In the use of languages, there are always differences between spoken language and written language. Also, different languages have different levels of informality and formality. Certainly, the level of formality depends on to whom you are communicating, why you write or speak to that person and the context (the situation of speech or writing). In general, written English is more formal than spoken English. There are some reasons for this. First, we do not personally know the readers of our texts, therefore we need to be clear in our words and sentences. Second, writers do not have the chance to see what the reader does not understand in their texts, so they must explain the ideas and concepts more clearly and in great detail. Finally, writers cannot know the readers attitudes towards the ideas or opinions in the written texts, thus, they have to be quite formal in their writing. Here are some characteristics and differences between formal written and less formal spoken English (Reid, 2000: 5-6):

169 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 161 Characteristics more-formal vocabulary less-colloquial language fewer, but longer, words Example (Formal) children The restaurant was excellent Mount Rainer is exquisitely beautiful instead of Example (Informal) kids Well, dude, it was gnarly Mount Rainer is, well, more or less a pretty outstanding mountain in terms of beauty complete sentences I wanted to go home Because I wanted to fewer questions and exclamation sentences fewer personal pronouns more complex sentences more specific evidence (more detail) This paper will define X Most consumers prefer Brand A My parents came to America for their children s education, leaving behind their lives in Pakistan. Two recent research studies (Anderson, 1998; Li, 1997) report that What do you think X means? You re right! I love Brand A, and you will, too! My father and mother came to America. They came for their children s education. So they left their lives in Pakistan. Ya know what I mean? In addition to the table above, be careful about the use of the following types of language in formally written texts: Contractions: it didn t (Use it did not ) They ve (Use They have ) Hesitation fillers: Um, well, huh (Use the punctuation marks and transition words) Imprecise words: Lots of (Use many ) Nice (Use excellent, pleasent ) Big (Use large ) Things (Use reasons, problems, issues ) Like (Use such as ) Abbreviated forms: e.g. (Use for example ) i.e. (Use that is ) etc. (Use and so on ) Read the following sentences and write F (formal) or I (informal) SIRA S ZDE in the column. 1 The project will be completed next year. 2 I showed that his arguments didn t hold water. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES 3 I wonder why he put up with those terrible conditions for so long. 4 Five more tests will be necessary before the experiment can be concluded. UYGULAYIN 5 It is possible to consider the results from a different viewpoint. 6 It has been proved that the arguments so far are without foundation. 7 He ll have to do another five tests before he can stop the experiment. K TAP 8 It is not clear why such terrible conditions were tolerated for so long. BOOK 9 There are a number of reasons why the questionnaire should be revised. 10 We ll finish the job next year. NTERNET 4 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

170 162 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 5 Below is a letter SIRA S ZDE to a newspaper explaining why teenagers should be allowed to vote in the election. The ideas are good, but the writing is too informal. Rewrite the letter using ALIfiTIRMALAR formal language. Use the numbers as clues for understanding where formal EXERCISES language is necessary. Hi there.(1) Well(2), UYGULAYIN I think that teenagers have just as much right to vote in an election as someone who s(3) as old as the hills!(4) They live in the country too, you know!(5)! And(6) they re(7) the future!(8) So they re(9) bound to care about what s(10) going K TAP to happen to BOOK the country they live in when they re grown-up. But(11) some people think that teenagers are away with the fairies(12) when it comes to important things like voting. NTERNET But(13) not all of us are. And anyway you know some grownups are like that too(14). So(15) I think teenagers should be given a chance. Cheers,(16) Andrew ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Adapted from formal_informal/test A LOOK AT LANGUAGE OF HOTEL LETTERS Bu bölümde size otel yaz flmalar nda kullan lan baz kal p ifadelerden örnekler sunuyoruz. Bu ifadeleri bir çok yaz flma türünde kullanabilirsiniz. Here are some phrases used in business letters: Greeting Reason for writing Asking questions Referring to their letter /points Closing expressions Signing off Name Name unknown: Dear Sir/Madam, Name known: Dear Mr / Dear Mrs / Dear Ms..+ surname I am writing to I am writing with regard to I am writing on behalf of I would be grateful if I wonder if you could. Could you? As you stated in your letter,. Regarding / Concerning With regard to. If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me. I look forward to hearing from you. If Dear + name: Yours sincerely, If Dear Sir/ Madam: Yours faithfully (Dear + first name : Yours,) Your first name + surname printed clearly under your signature

171 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 163 HOW WOULD YOU WRITE IT? Bu bölümde sizden benzer mektuplar yazman z isteyece iz. Örnek mektuplar için ünite sonundaki cevap anahtar n kullanabilirsiniz. If you want to reserve a room: Include all relevant details in your letter, including your complete contact information, date and time of arrival and departure, number of days of your stay, type of room and any special needs or requests such as a smoking or nonsmoking room. Use a professional tone when writing your letter. Your salutation should be, To Whom It May Concern or Dear Sir or Madam. Also include today s date at the top of the letter. The body of the letter should be to the point. It should specifically state what you need and how you will pay. Hotel reservation letters can vary in style. But, just make sure you give the reservation staff all the information they need to make sure there are no misunderstandings or disappointments on arrival. Every specific piece of information should be in a separate paragraph. This makes for easier reading. Keep it short and sweet (it s not an essay), and don t forget the following information: 1. Opening (example): Dear Sir/Madam My name is (your name) and I would like to book a (type of room) in your hotel for (number) nights. 2. Dates and times: (important) I/We will be arriving on (date, including the day of the week) at approximately (time). Departure will be on (date, including the day of the week) at (time). Notes: -State the date and approximate time of arrival and departure because it helps the staff know which guests will be arriving first to prepare the way for them, so waiting time for your room is kept to a minimum. -It s always a good idea to also include how many nights you will be staying in brackets. This is a good way for the reservation staff to double check the length of your stay as hotels count nights and not days when preparing your invoice. -Remember, even if you arrive there at 2 o clock in the morning, that night counts and you are seldom entitled to remain in your room after 12 o clock noon on your departure date. 3. Number of people: (important) How many adults? How many children? (always include children s ages). 4. Room type(s) and preferred location(s): Single, double, suite, ground floor, top floor, overlooking the sea, etc. 5. Board preferences: (important) Self-catering/bed & breakfast/half board/full board/all-inclusive Note: make sure the hotel you are considering has the services you desire as not all hotels offer things like all-inclusive, and what you get for each type of service may vary from one hotel or country to another depending on their policies (find out before making your reservation to avoid disappointments). 6. Special needs/desires: (optional) Some people may have health conditions which may require special attention (migraine sufferers would probably want a quiet room far away from any

172 164 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii entertainment facilities, for example). Business men/women may need an internet connection in their rooms, while others may just have special preferences (overlooking the sea, rooms on upper floors, etc). These should be specified in your letter. Note: Obviously the needs of those with medical conditions will be given more importance than other preferences if the hotel is fully booked, so don t be surprised if you cannot get what you wanted unless you have the option and have paid for it specifically. 7. Facilities: (depending on the hotel) If there are special facilities (sauna, jacuzzi, etc.) which need to be reserved before using them, you may wish to do so in advance to avoid waiting. 8. Contact information: (important) Especially your phone number, cell phone and/or fax number. *The main thing to remember is to include all the important information above and keep the hotel reservation letter short. The hotel staff prefers it that way and it helps to avoid confusion. (Adapted from - What-to-Include-and-Why&id= ) SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 6 Suppose that SIRA you S ZDE are John Green, who is going to have a business trip to Antalya. Below is some information about your trip. Write a reservation letter to the hotel you want to ALIfiTIRMALAR stay at. Hotel Information: EXERCISES Hotel Günayd n Konyaalt Caddesi, No:28 UYGULAYIN Antalya TÜRK YE Dates: July 5-July Type of Room: A suite with 2 beds K TAP Board preference: BOOK Bed and Breakfast Special Need: A sea view Regular Price NTERNET given on the website: T129 per night Your telephone number: (ask for verification, too) Write your letter here: ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES

173 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 165 If you want to confirm a reservation of a room: Confirmation letter is very important in order to make a people sure that their request is obtained and being handled. Include all relevant details in your letter, date and time of arrival and departure, number of days of the stay, type of room and any special needs or requests such as a smoking or nonsmoking room as requested by the guest. Just like the reservation letter, use a professional tone when writing your letter. Your salutation should be, Mr./Mrs./Ms./Dr., etc as indicated in the reservation letter. Also include today s date at the top of the letter. The body of the letter should be to the point. It should specifically state the details of the payment and other facilities you may provide your guests with. Below there is a sample of the confirmation of booking of SIRA the S ZDE hotel room that informs the client about the situation of the arrangements he made before the arrival to the hotel. However, the parts of the letter are in jumbled ALIfiTIRMALAR order. Read the parts and reorder the letter to send the guest immediately. EXERCISES 1. From: Diana Samuel 388 Kreidon hills 2299 Barcelona, Spain 2. Diana Samuel 3. For further requires, please contact us. UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Thank you in advance. We are looking forward to meet you here. 7 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES Resim 8.6 UYGULAYIN Courtesy LET S of Mr. TH NK Lightman Retrieved from K TAP italphotos.net/ima BOOK ges/interiors_g380 - NTERNET Luxury_Bedroom_ p82991.html ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 4. To: Brian Kruger 388 Velers str 877 Berlin, Germany Subject: Confirmation of booking in hotel 5. Dear Mr. Kruger, 6. Below there is a picture of the room reserved. Please, review it and let us know if you want to change your reservation or have special requirements that we can meet. Kindly inform us whether you need someone to meet you in the airport, we can provide with this service as well.

174 166 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 7. This is the confirmation letter on your request dated 12 May We are pleased to inform you that we reserved for you single room with the garden view in our hotel with the breakfast in the morning as per your request. Al the facilities are included. During the stay in our hotel you can use gym, spa and pool area (the charges are included in fees for the room) May Sincerely, Correct order: SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK 8 SIRA S ZDE Resim 8.7 Eskiflehir ALIfiTIRMALAR Courtesy of EXERCISES Ali MERÇ UYGULAYIN K TAP BOOK Mr. Terly is planning to visit Eskiflehir for the first time and has written to four hotels asking for information. Here are the four replies. Which hotel do you think she is most likely to be interested in? Give reasons for your choice. NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES 1. NTERNET Mr Terly ATTENTION 23 Queen Street Birmingham England AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES Say n Terly, Otelimizi tercih etti iniz için teflekkürler., Otelimiz ile ilgili tüm ayr nt lar ekte sunulan dökümanlardan edinebilirsiniz. Di er konularda dan flmak için lütfen irtibata geçiniz. Sayg lar, Abdullah Türko lu Rezervasyon Bölümü

175 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism NEfiE OTEL ESK fieh R Mr Terly 23 Queen Street Birmingham England Dear Mr Terly, We refer to your kind letter and thank you for your interest in Eskiflehir Nefle Otel. Enclosed please find the requested brochures about the Eskiflehir Nefle Otel. Please do not hesitate to contact me personally if you have any questions or if we can be of any assistance to you and we would be very pleased to welcome you at the Eskiflehir Nefle Otel. in the near future. Yours sincerely, Eskiflehir Nefle Otel Meral Nefleli Rezervasyon Sorumlusu 3. Büyük fiehir Oteli Mecburiyet Caddesi No: 1, Eskiflehir Dear Mr Terly, Thank you for your letter and your interest in our hotel. Enclosed we send you our hotel brochure with the price list. The Great Eastern Hotel is situated at the famous Porsuk River area just along the River on Mecburiyet Caddesi. We have 210 rooms, two restaurants, 2 meeting rooms for up to 100 people and a lobby bar. For your reservation you can call our booking office by phone for you can send a fax to the number We would be happy to welcome you in our hotel. Kind regards. Süha Satar Sales Manager.

176 168 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii 4. Gotik Otel Eskiflehir Mr Terly 23 Queen Street Birmingham England Dear Mr Terly, Thank you very much for your interest shown in our hotel. Enclosed you will find our hotel brochure and the room rates. Inside the brochure you will find the restaurant, but it is closed. We only serve drinks at the reception. You asked about other facilities such as fitness room, conference halls and restaurants. But we have none of these. We are a low-class hotel with 10 rooms and we don t need these facilities. I am not sure if you really mean our hotel? Because your questions look like you expected a high-class hotel. Anyway, I hope to welcome you in our hotel. With kindest regards. Osman Yatar If you want to write a letter of apology in response to a complaint letter: Thank the person for bringing the matter to your attention Thank you for bringing this matter to our attention. Express sympathy We are very sorry to hear that... Apologize if necessary We apologize for... Please accept our apologies for... State what action you will take Please be assured that we will... Remind the reader that his / her relationship with you is important We value your custom highly. Your satisfaction is our priority. Make a goodwill gesture if appropriate Please find enclosed a voucher for...

177 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 169 Read the following complaint letter by a customer who spent SIRA her holiday S ZDE in Tunisia with the holiday package of your company. Now complete the letter of apology using the information given in mixed order. ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES The Letter of Complaint: UYGULAYIN 48 - The Vale - Sunnytown - Devon - DC4 56JK 9 SIRA S ZDE ALIfiTIRMALAR EXERCISES UYGULAYIN 7th December. K TAP BOOK K TAP BOOK The Customer Relations Dept. Exotic Destinations Pacific House Randolph Way London W1Y 8QT Dear Sir, NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES My husband and I have recently returned from one of your Golden Group holidays in Tunisia. NTERNET ATTENTION AMAÇLARIMIZ OBJECTIVES We chose this holiday in preference to many others as we were assured both in the brochure and by your agency staff that this particular package catered for retired couples like ourselves. We understood that our specially organized activities would be run by mature friendly hostesses. However on arrival at our destination we were met by a very youthful rep who very curtly told us that there were only two other people on the golden group package and that, as a result, we could join in the activities organized for other groups or fend for ourselves. Since our tastes do not include hard rock or late-night pub crawls we asked to be moved to another hotel. We were told that if we did this it would have to be at our expense. As a result we decided to stay where we were and to organize our own entertainment. Now that we have returned home we feel obliged to draw your attention to our deep dissatisfaction with the service we received. Not only were we deceived by the information in your brochure but we were not properly treated by your staff in the resort. We hope that this matter will be rectified to our satisfaction in the near future and look forward to hearing from you shortly. Yours faithfully Katherine Hopper (Adapted from

178 170 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii The Letter of Apology: EXOTIC DESTINATIONS Pacific House * Randolph Way * London W1Y 8QT 21ST March The Vale Sunnytown Devon DC4 56JK Dear Mrs Hopper Thank you for your letter of 7th December. (1) you and your husband did not enjoy your recent Golden Group holiday in Tunisia and (2) if the tour rep s behaviour was inappropriate. (3) this behaviour is not the kind we normally tolerate and (4) the allegation fully and taking any necessary action. (5), however, (6) the fact that all our reps are highly trained, whatever their age, and that we do not specify how old they are in our brochures. As to the special entertainment package that you requested, we do explain in the brochure that this package is only run when there are a minimum of eight guests requesting it on any one tour. As you yourself mention, in your case there were only four people, yourselves and two others. Therefore the rep was quite correct to tell you that this would not be possible and that (7) cover the expense of a change of hotel. (8) four vouchers for day trips to Paris and Brussels so that you can appreciate our normal high standard of service for yourselves. (9) (10) a. We are sorry to hear that b. We would c. As a goodwill gesture we enclose d. we will be looking into e. Customer Relations Clerk f. we would be unable to g. apologize h. Yours sincerely, i. like to draw our attention to j. We assure you

179 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 171 Useful Information - Faydal Bilgiler Bu bölümde size ifl baflvurular n zda oldukça gerekli olaca n düflündü ümüz özgeçmifl haz rlama ile ilgili baz önemli ipuçlar n ve Avrupa Birli inin önerdi i örnek bir özgeçmifl flablonu sunuyoruz. Preparing curriculum vitae (CV) is an important footstep in searching for any job or training. The CV is often the first contact with a potential employer. It should grasp the reader s interest directly and to express why they must give you an interview. Below are some important considerations given by the European Union: (Adapted from Take care over the presentation of your CV: Set out your qualifications, skills and competences clearly and logically, so that your specific attributes are easily seen. Give proper attention to all relevant detail, both of substance and presentation; there is no excuse for mistakes in spelling and punctuation! Concentrate on the essentials: a CV must be brief: in most cases, two pages are enough to show who and what you are. A three page CV may be considered too long in some countries, even if your work experience is outstanding. if your work experience is still limited (because you have just left school or university), describe your education and training first; highlight work placements during training (see online examples); concentrate on essential information that brings added value to your application: work experience or training which is old or not relevant for the application can be omitted. Adapt your CV to suit the post applied for: Systematically check your CV every time you want to send it to an employer to see if it corresponds to the profile required; highlight your advantages according to the specific requirements of the prospective employer. A good knowledge of the company will help you tailoring your CV to the appropriate profile. Keep to the structure of the template: The Europass curriculum vitae allows you to present your qualifications, skills and competences in a logical order: personal information; description of your work experience; description of your education and training (which may appear before the heading Work experience for users with limited work experience; to invert the order of the two headings, use the copy/paste command in your word processing software); detailed inventory of your skills and competences, acquired in the course of your training, work and daily life. Notes: print your curriculum vitae on white paper; retain the suggested font and layout; avoid underlining or writing whole sentences in capitals or bold: it affects the readability of the document; do not split an entry under one heading over two pages (e.g. your list of training courses) - to avoid this use the page break command in your word processing software; the boxes containing the various headings should not appear when the document is printed. Be clear and concise: Your profile must be appreciated by the potential employer after a few seconds reading. In consequence: use short sentences; concentrate on the relevant aspects of your training and work experience; explain any breaks in your studies or career; remove any optional heading (e.g. if you have no Artistic skills and competences (see page 2 of the template) or if you consider that such skills and competences do not bring added value to your application, remove the whole entry using the cut command in your word processing software. Have someone else read your CV on completion: Check your CV carefully once you have filled it in to remove any spelling mistakes and to ensure it is laid out clearly and logically. Have someone else read your CV so that you are sure the content is clear and easy to understand. The CV template can be freely downloaded from curriculum-vitae/templates-instructions

180 172 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Europass Curriculum Vitae Insert photograph. Remove heading if not relevant (see instructions) Personal information First name(s) / Surname(s) First name(s) Surname(s) (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Address(es) House number, street name, postcode, city, country (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Telephone(s) (remove if not relevant, Mobile: (remove if not relevant, see instructions) see instructions) Fax(es) (remove if not relevant, see instructions) (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Nationality (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Date of birth (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Gender (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Desired employment / Occupational field (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Work experience Dates Occupation or position held Main activities and responsibilities Name and address of employer Type of business or sector Education and training Dates Title of qualification awarded Principal subjects/occupational skills covered Name and type of organisation providing education and training Level in national or international classification Personal skills and competences Mother tongue(s) Other language(s) Self-assessment European level (*) Language Language Add separate entries for each relevant post occupied, starting from the most recent. (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Add separate entries for each relevant course you have completed, starting from the most recent. (remove if not relevant, see instructions) (remove if not relevant, see instructions) Specify mother tongue (if relevant add other mother tongue(s), see instructions) Understanding Speaking Writing Listening Reading Spoken interaction Spoken production (*) Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

181 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 173 Social skills and competences Organisational skills and competences Technical skills and competences Computer skills and competences Artistic skills and competences Other skills and competences Driving licence Additional information Annexes Replace this text by a description of these competences and indicate where they were acquired. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) Replace this text by a description of these competences and indicate where they were acquired. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) Replace this text by a description of these competences and indicate where they were acquired. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) Replace this text by a description of these competences and indicate where they were acquired. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) Replace this text by a description of these competences and indicate where they were acquired. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) Replace this text by a description of these competences and indicate where they were acquired. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) State here whether you hold a driving licence and if so for which categories of vehicle. (Remove if not relevant, see instructions) Include here any other information that may be relevant, for example contact persons, references, etc. (Remove heading if not relevant, see instructions) List any items attached. (Remove heading if not relevant, see instructions)

182 174 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Vocabulary - Sözcükler accommodate: to provide with a place to live or to be stored in apologize: to tell someone that you are sorry for having done something that has caused them problems or unhappiness apology: an act of saying sorry appreciate: to say that something is valuable or important attention: notice, thought or interest attitude: a feeling or opinion about something or someone brochure: a small magazine to advertise something business trip: a trip for business cancellation: a decision which indicates that an organized event will not happen or stops an order for something closing: end colloquial: informal and more suitable for use in speech than in writing confirm: to make an arrangement or meeting certain by writing contact: communication with someone, to communicate with someone contraction: a shortened form of a word or combination of words which is often used instead of the full form in spoken English deceive: to tell lies enclosed: attached enquiry: a question evidence: one or more reasons for believing that something is or is not true facility: the buildings, equipment and services provided for a particular purpose formality: something that the law or an official process says must be done goodwill: friendly and helpful feelings guest: a person who is staying at a hotel handle: deal with hesitation: when you pause before doing something, especially because you are nervous or not certain high-class: of very good quality imprecise: not accurate or exact in advance: before a particular time low-class: of very bad quality maid: woman who works as a servant in a hotel matter: a situation or subject which is being dealt wit on behalf of: for, instead of payment: an amount of money paid priority: something that is very important and must be dealt with before other things rate: an amount or level of payment recipient: the person who receives the letter regret: to feel sorry about a situation, especially something sad or wrong or a mistake that you have made remind: to make someone think of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten requirement: something that you must do salutation: greeting sender: the person who sends the letter sympathy: an expression of understanding and care for someone else s suffering take action: move or start something verification: proof for something to be true verify: prove

183 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 175 Let Us Test Ourselves - Kendimizi S nayal m 1. What type of letter is written to tell the guest that you accept their reservation request? a. business b. reservation c. confirmation d. apology e. sales 2. Which letter type is written using a formal language? a. reservation b. confirmation c. complaint d. apology e. all of the above 3. I would have no recommending you the Grand Hotel to anyone who needs some work on their smile during the vacation. a. hesitation b. representative c. formality d. business trip e. facility 4. Which of the following expressions is used in the greeting part of a business letter? a. Yours sincerely, b. Dear Sir/Madam, c. I am writing on behalf of... d. I look forward to hearing from you. e. 29th April, Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements while writing a letter of apology in response to a complaint letter? a. Expressing sympathy b. Apologizing if necessary c. Make a goodwill gesture if appropriate d. Double-checking the reason of complaint e. Stating what action you will take 6. We hope that this matter will be corrected to our satisfaction in the near future and look forward to hearing from you shortly. In what type of a business letter is the above statement found? a. reservation b. confirmation c. complaint d. apology e. all of the above 7. Which of the following type of information is NOT given in a letter of reservation to a hotel? a. Relationship status of people who will stay with you b. Facilities you want to take advantage of c. Your phone number as the contact information d. Special requirements such as a need for an ocean view e. Board preferences such as B&B 8. Which one is more formal? a. See you soon. b. Yours sincerely. c. Best. d. Bye. e. Good bye. 9. I am talking my brother and myself. We are both unhappy with your hotel! a. before b. with c. everybody, d. understanding e. on behalf of 10. We have to the event for this weekend. The manager has to attend a funeral in his hometown. a. apologize b. handle c. contact d. cancel e. regret

184 176 Turizm çin ngilizce-ii Answer Keys - Cevap Anahtar Answer Key for It s Your Turn 1 1. smail ÖZTURAN as the Adminsitration Manager of Mercan fiirketler Grubu th March Gloria Towers Hotel 4. By greeting: Dear Sir/Madam, 5. To reserve a room at the hotel for Mr. Mercan 6. The date of stay, type of hotel room, payment details, request for confirmation 7. By thanking and formal salutation 8. Formal language is used. Answer Key for It s Your Turn 2 1. Letters 1 and 3 are sent via , 2 via mail 2. Letter 1 3. Letter 3 4. To reply to an inquiry about reservation that the request is not confirmed 5. All of them are formal. 6. The format and the style of writing (formal) is the shared information. 7. The content is different: Letter 1 is written for confirmation of reservation, Letter 2 is written for rejection, and Letter 3 is written for confirmation of cancellation. Answer Key for It s Your Turn 3 1. To apologize from the customer for their complaint about their holiday. 2. To complain about the services in the villa the customer stayed at during their holiday. 3. Yes. He apologizes from the customer a few times. 4. He states that the problems were due to the fact that the maid was ill and they were not able to find a replacement at such short notice. 5. He offers a 10% discount for the next year s holiday. 6. Probably yes. Because of the formal apologies and polite offers by the manager. Answer Key for It s Your Turn 4 1 The project will be completed next year. F 2 I showed that his arguments didn t hold water. I 3 I wonder why he put up with those terrible conditions for so long. I 4 Five more tests will be necessary before the experiment can be concluded. F 5 It is possible to consider the results from a different viewpoint. F 6 It has been proved that the arguments so far are without foundation. F 7 He ll have to do another five tests before he can stop the experiment. I 8 It is not clear why such terrible conditions were tolerated for so long. F 9 There are a number of reasons why the questionnaire should be revised. F 10 We ll finish the job next year. I Answer Key for It s Your Turn 5 Sample Letter: Dear Sir, Teenagers have just as much right to vote in the election as adults. As citizens of this country, many of us care deeply about what happens to it. Some people think teenagers are too irresponsible to make the important decisions involved in voting but many of us are far more mature than most adults. In conclusion, we should be given a chance to prove ourselves as the mature and responsible young people we are. Yours faithfully, Andrew Answer Key for It s Your Turn 6 Sample Letter: Hotel Günayd n Konyaalt Caddesi, No:28 Antalya TÜRK YE Dear Sir/Madam, Please be informed that I will be traveling to Antalya on July 5th, 2013 and I will be requiring a room at your hotel for the duration of 3 days. I would like to reserve a sea view suite that has 2 beds included. I checked on your website, and the price is supposed to be TRL129 per night for a bed & breakfast accommodation. Please call me at to verify my reservation. Thank you, John Green

185 8. Ünite - Correspondence In Tourism 177 Answer Key for It s Your Turn 7 Correct order: The original letter: 14 May 2013 From: Diana Samuel 388 Kreidon Hills 2299 Barcelona, Spain To: Brian Kruger 388 Velers str 877 Berlin, Germany Subject: Confirmation of booking in hotel Dear Mr. Kruger, This is the confirmation letter on your request dated 12 May We are pleased to inform you that we reserved for you single room with the garden view in our hotel with the breakfast in the morning as per your request. Al the facilities are included. During the stay in our hotel you can use gym, spa and pool area (the charges are included in fees for the room). Below there is a picture of the room reserved. Please, review it and let us know if you want to change your reservation or have special requirements that we can meet. Kindly inform us whether you need someone to meet you in the airport, we can provide with this service as well. For further requires, please contact us. Thank you in advance. We are looking forward to meet you here. Sincerely, Diana Samuel Answer Key for It s Your Turn 8 Letter 1 is in Turkish, so the guest does not understand it. Letter 2 is almost OK but it does not give specific and enough information about the hotel, its facilities and the contact information. Letter 3 gives the best information for the customer. Letter 4 is not meeting the needs of the guest. Answer Key for It s Your Turn 9 1. a 2. g 3. j 4. d 5. b 6. i 7. f 8. c 9. h 10. e Answer Key for Let Us Test Ourselves 1. c 2. e 3. a 4. b 5. d 6. c 7. a 8. b 9. e 10. d References - Kaynaklar Letter -What-to-Include-and-Why&id= onfirmation-letter.html ting//formal_informal/test.shtml hures/formal_informal_lang.pdf) g_tour.doc Jacob, M. & Strutt, P English for International Tourism. London: Longman. Reid, J. M. (2000). The Process of Composition. (3 rd Ed.). New York: Longman.